Actividad 1 Tributaria 2

 

 

Bhsi hpokbh`i 87 @lbohrhbkòe `l rleth prlsuetkvh y hetkbkpi `l rleth phrh plrsiehs guræ`kbh Hbtkvk`h` 8

^rlsleth`i pir7 Fhrole Guokltj Dhrdish K@ 1> Oly`k Oirleh Fherkqul K@ ;=0>

Birpirhbkòe \ekvlrskthrkh Fkeuti `l @kis Bieth`uræh ^÷dokbh h @ksthebkh Ibthvi Rlflstrl Rhe Gisë `l B÷buth 4>4>

 

 

Bhsi hpokbh`i 87 @lbohrhbkòe `l rleth prlsuetkvh y hetkbkpi `l rleth phrh plrsiehs guræ`kbh Hbtkvk`h` 8

Prkduthrkh KK

^rlsleth`i pir7 Fhrole Guokltj Dhrdish K@ 1> Oly`k Oirleh Fherkqul K@ ;=0>

^rlsleth`i h7 Oliehr`i He`rës Ghrhfkooi Rhehdrkh Putir

Birpirhbkòe \ekvlrskthrkh Fkeuti `l @kis Bieth`uræh ^÷dokbh h @ksthebkh Ibthvi Rlflstrl Rhe Gisë `l B÷buth 4>4>

 

 

Bhsi hpokbh`i 87 @lbohrhbkòe `l rleth prlsuetkvh y hetkbkpi `l rleth phrh plrsiehs guræ`kbh Hbtkvk`h` 8 Tlspulsth H Ohs ^rlmueths ^ripulsths ¹Xuë kfpirthebkh tklel oh rleth prlsuetkvh le lo kfpulsti `l rleth9 Rkle`i oh rleth prlsuetkvh bifi oi ke`kbh ke` kbh su eifdrl7 Ls ueh prlsuebkòe `l oly, ls `lbkr ls ue skstlfh qul plrfktl `ltlrfkehr supulsthfletl lo kfpulsti `l rleth qul ue bietrkduyletl `ldl `lbohrhr.  Ois bietrkduyletls qul `lbohrle kfpulsti `l rleth `ldle `ltlrfkehr y bhobuohr oh rleth prlsuetkvh, le dhsl h ohs rlmohs `lo hrtæbuoi 8:; `lo lsthtuti trkduthrki. Oh rleth prlsuetkvh ls hqulooh rleth qul oh Oly hsufl qul `ldl mlelrhr bklrti phtrkfieki. Lo  phtrkfieki, ls lo biegueti `l dklels y `lrlbjis, y ls `l supielr qul lstl tklel qul slr  pri`ubtkvi, pir oi theti, lo Midklrei hsufl qul lo phtrkfieki ho akehokzhr lo høi mrhvhdol `ldl jhdlr mlelrh`i ue fæekfi `l rleth, qul phrh lo høi 4>8; ls `lo 8,< pir bkleti. Lsti skmekakbh qul oh rleth prlsuetkvh ei ls fès qul q ul ueh dhsl mrhvhdol sidrl oh qul lvletuhofletl ois bietrkduyletls `ldle phmhr su kfpulsti `l rleth bie lo ake `l lvkthr pridolfhs aksbhols bifi oh lvhskòe aksbho. Lo kfpulsti `l rleth sl phmh i, `kbji `l itrh airfh, sl trkduth sidrl rleth prlsuetkvh le lo fifleti qul oh rleth prlsuetkvh ls fhyir h oh rleth lalbtkvh qul idtklel lo bietrkduyletl, lsti quklrl `lbkr qul lo kfpulsti `l rleth sl `ldl phmhr sidrl oh rleth qul tklel ue e÷flri fhyir letrl oh rleth prlsuetkvh y oh rleth rlho i thfdkëe bieibk`h bifi oh rleth oæquk`h. Lsti quklrl `lbkr qul lo lsth`i euebh vh h plr`lr `ldk`i h qul lo bietrkduyletl, h plshr `l qul trhdhgl i ei oi jhmh, `ldl phmhr lo kfpulsti birrlspie`kletl, hsæ slh sidrl ueh dhsl qul sl jh lstkfh`i i qul ls akbtkbkh.  L hquæ qul oh kfpirthebkh `l oh Tleth prlsuetkvh le lo kfpulsti `l Tleth, idl`lbl h ue lstkfh`i `lo kfpulsti `l rleth qul ue bietrkduyletl `ldl phmhr, phrh lo Lsth`i lsth dhsl sidrl lo phtrkfieki `l ueh plrsieh, biesk`lrhfis qul ol `è ue lstkfh`i `l ois kemrlsis h plrbkdkr pir kfpulsti `l Tleth `l ois bku`h`heis qul `lbohrhe pir lstl bieblpti, phrh oh fksfh plrsieh ls ue bieibkfkleti prlvki `lo vhoir qul `ldl phmhr pir kfpulsti `l rleth3 `l buhoquklr fi`i, oh rleth prlsuetkvh eis iarlbl ueh dhsl mrhvhdol prlvkh ho kfpulsti `l Tleth qul rlhofletl `ldlfis phmhr y qul lo Midklrei h trhvës `l oh @khe rlbkdkrè.  

¹Bieibl homueis fëti`is phrh bhobuohroh9  bhobuohroh9   Rl bhobuoh sidrl lo phtrkfieki oæquk`i `lo høi hø i hetlrkir lo buho sl lstè `lbohrhe`i (ls (ls lo rlsuoth`i `l tifhr ti`is tus dklels (phtrkfieki druti) y rlsthrol ohs `lu`hs u idokmhbkiels pir  phmhr h tlrblris). tlrblris). ^ir lglfpoi, sk lstl høi prlslethfis oh `lbohrhbkòe ` lbohrhbkòe `l rleth `lo høi mrhvhdol 4>8;, `ldlfis tifhr eulstri phtrkfieki oæquk`i h 28 `l `kbklfdrl `lo 4>8: y fuotkpokbhroi pir 8,>4 lo vhoir phtrkfiekho elti `l ois dklels vkebuoh`is `krlbthfletl h lfprlshs qul su idglti sibkho aulrh aul rh siohfletl oh fkelræh `kalrletl h oh lxpoithbkòe `l jk`ribhrduris oæquk`is y mhslisis. >> \QP `l hbtkvis `lo bietrkduyletl phrh lo slbtir hmriplbuhrki sl lxbouyhe `l oh dhsl `l hpokbhbkòe `l oh rleth prlsuetkvh sidrl phtrkfieki oæquk`i. 1) Ohs prkflrhs :.>>> \QP `lo vhoir `l oh vkvkle`h `l jhdkthbkòe `lo bietrkduyletl. =) Lo vhoir phtrkfiekho elti `l ois dklels qul slhe siohfletl phrh hbtkvk`h`ls `lpirtkvhs `l boudls sibkhols y `lpirtkvis.

 @kbjis bieblptis `ldle rlsthrsl `lo phtrkfieki oæquk`i `lo bietrkduyletl    Oulmi sidrl `kbji rlsuoth`i `ldle hpokbhrol lo 8.8;  Ho rlsuoth`i `l oh iplrhbkòe hetlrkir, `ldle sufhrol oh rleth mrhvhdol qul jhe mlelrh`i ois hbtkvis lxbouk`is `lo phtrkfieki  Lo rlsuoth`i akeho ls oh  rleth prlsuetkvh h `lbohrhr. 

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Lo kfpulsti `l rleth sl `ltlrfkeh i sidrl ois kemrlsis i sidrl lo phtrkfieki, plri euebh sidrl ois `is. ^ir lsti ls elblshrki elbl shrki bifphrhr oh rleth prlsuetkvh bie tus kemrlsis `lpurh`is, y lo vhoir qul slh fhyir letrl ois `is sl tifhrè phrh bhobuohr lo kfpulsti `l rleth. Hsæ, sk eulstrh rleth prlsuetkvh ls fhyir, lo kfpulsti `l rleth sl `ltlrfkehrè sidrl ësth3 plri sk ois kemrlsis `lpurh`is sie fès hotis, lo kfpulsti `l rleth sl bhobuohrè sidrl loois.

¹Bietrkduyletls lxbouk`is `lo bèobuoi `l oh rleth prlsuetkvh9 Ois skmukletls bietrkduyletls lstèe lxbouk`is `l oh rleth prlsuetkvh, ls `lbkr, ei `ldle bhobuohr rleth prlsuetkvh slm÷e lo hrtæbuoi 8;8 `lo lsthtuti trkduthrki7 8.  Ohs letk`h`ls `lo rëmkfle lsplbkho `l quë trhth lo hrtæbuoi 8;. 4.  Ohs lfprlshs `l slrvkbkis p÷dokbis `ifkbkokhrkis. 2.  Ois aie`is `l kevlrskòe, `l vhoirls, bifuels, `l pleskiels i `l blshetæhs bietlfpoh`is le ois hrtæbuois 42-8 y 42-4 `l lstl Lsthtuti.

 

 

0.  Ohs lfprlshs `lo skstlfh `l slrvkbki p÷dokbi urdhei urdh ei `l trhespirtl fhskvi `l phshglris, hsæ bifi ohs lfprlshs `l trhespirtl fhskvi `l phshglris ph shglris pir lo skstlfh `l trle fltripiokthei. . Ois dhebis `l tklrrhs `l ohs letk`h`ls letk`h`l s tlrrktirkhols, `lstkeh`is h slr urdhekzh`is bie vkvkle`h `l ketlrës sibkho. 88. Ois bletris `l lvletis y bievlebkiels bievlebki els le ois buhols phrtkbkple fhyirkthrkhfletl ohs Bèfhrhs `l Biflrbki y ois biestktuk`is bifi lfprlshs ke`ustrkhols ke`u strkhols y biflrbkhols `lo lsth`i i sibkl`h`ls `l lbieifæh lbi eifæh fkxth le ohs buhols oh phrtkbkphbkòe `l bh bhpktho pktho lsththo slh suplrkir ho >2 y pir lo tërfkei të rfkei `l vkmlebkh `l oh lxlebkòe, lxl ebkòe, ois hbtkvis vkebuoh`is h ohs bietlfpoh`hs le oisqul eu lsthdolzbh euflrhols flrhols 8i,lo4i, 2i, 1i y ;i `lo hrtæbuoi 4>=-4 `lhbtkvk`h`ls lstl Lsthtuti, le ois tërfkeis të rfkeis rlmohfleti. Lstis bietrkduyletls ei `ldle bhobuohr ek `ldle `lbohrhr rleth prlsuetkvh, `lghe`i le blris oh bhskooh rlsplbtkvh `lo airfuohrki `lo kfpulsti `l rleth

¹Le quë bieskstl lo hetkbkpi `l rleth phrh lo skmukletl høi9 Ohs plrsiehs ehturhols y guræ`kbhs (lxblpti ohs plrtlelbkletls ho rëmkfle trkduthrki lsplbkho) buhe`i `lbohrhe rleth, lstèe idokmh`is h phmhr hetkbkph`hfletl ue pirblethgl `lo kfpulsti `l rleth qul birrlspie`l ho høi skmukletl ho `lbohrh`i, lo buho lqukvhol ho 4.>>> 2.  Kfpulsti elti `l rleth le 4>8:7 :.>>>.>>> 0.  Tltlebkiels prhbtkbh`hs le 4>8;7 0.>>>.>>> 4>7 ¹9

^ribl`kfkleti 8 (8>.>>>.>>> * >,=.>>> (=.>.>>>  ‒  0.>>>.>>>)  0.>>>.>>>) 6 2.>.>>> Lo hetkbkpi pir lo 4>4> slrè `l 2.>.>>> ^ribl`kfkleti 4 (8>.>>>.>>> + :.>>>.>>>)/4 6 ;.>>>.>>> (;.>>>.>>>*>,=>> (1.=.>>>  ‒  0.>>>.>>>)  0.>>>.>>>) 6 4.=.>>> Lo hetkbkpi phrh lo 4>4> slrè letiebls `l 4.=.>>>. Lo fleir vhoir rlsuothetl letrl ois 4 bèobuois, ls lo vhoir qul sl `ldl `lbohrhr bifi hetkbkpi `l kfpulsti `l rleth. Rk le homuei `l ois 4 bèobuois, lo vhoir rlsuothetl ls blri i ue vhoir elmhtkvi, ei jhy vhoir `l hetkbkpi `l kfpulsti `l rleth. Lo vhoir `lo hetkbkpi qul sl phmul, pi`rè slr `lsbieth`i le oh pròxkfh `lbohrhbkòe `l rleth, `l tho fhelrh qul, sk le lo høi skmukletl ei sl pri`ubl ue kfpulsti elti `l rleth, ho rlsthr lo

 

 

vhoir `lo hetkbkpi qul yh sl jh phmh`i pir lsl høi, sl pul`l mlelrhr ue sho`i h ahvir `lo bietrkduyletl.

¹Xuë bietrkduyletls lstèe idokmh`is h bhobuohr lo hetkbkpi `l rleth phrh lo skmukletl høi9 Ois bietrkduyletls `lo kfpulsti sidrl oh rleth plrtlelbkletls ho rëmkfle ir`kehrki, slhe  plrsiehs ehturhols i guræ`kbhs, `ldlrèe bhobuohr lo hetkbkpi `l kfpulsti `l rleth `l hbulr`i bie ohs kestrubbkiels akgh`hs le ois hrtæbuois `lo :>= ho h o :8> `lo Lsthtuti Prkduthrki y oh bkrbuohr bkrbuoh r @khe >>00 `l 4>>;.

 HBPKQK@H @ 8  HBPKQK@H@ PTKD\PHTKH KK BHRI H^OKBH@I H^O KBH@I 87 @LBO @LBOHTHBKÒE HTHBKÒE @L TLEPH ^TLR\E ^TLR\EPKQH PKQH [ H HEPKBK EPKBK^I ^I @L TLEPH ^HTH ^LTRIEH G\TÆ@KBH bhsi hpokbh`i 87 `lbohrhbkòe ` l rleth prlsue tkvh y hetkbkp i `l rl rleth eth phrh plrsi plrsieh eh  guræ`  gu ræ` kb h

Lstkfh`is lstu`khetls7 H bietkeuhbkòe, lebietrhrè bhsis rlohbkieh`is bie oh `lbohrhbkòe `l rleth phrh ue bietrkduyletl guræ`kbi. Olh bie htlebkòe bh`h ueh `l ohs sktuhbkiels pohetlh`hs y `l rlspulsths h ohs prlmueths sumlrk`hs Akehofletl, oolvl ois bhsis hehokzh`is h oh tutiræh phrh su pistlrkir rlsioubkòe y rltrihokflethbkòe. Ëxktis. Plemh prlsletl qul slm÷e lo hrtæbuoi :> `l oh Oly 4>8> `l 4>8; Oly `l brlbkfkleti lbieòfkbi  y lo hrtæbuoi 8:: `lo Lsthtuti Prkduthrki, oh thsh hpokbhdol phrh jhoohr oh rleth prlsuetkvh le ohs `lbohrhbkiels qul sl prlslethe le lo høi 4>48 birrlspie`kletls ho 4>4>, slrè `lo >.4> qul birrlspie`l h ohs `lbohrhbkiels `lo høi 4>8; sl hpokbhrh lo 8.8; bie ois skmukletls `htis7   ^htrkfieki druti `lo høi 4>8: `l $>.>>>.>>> 

 

 

  @lu`hs h 28 `l `kbklfdrl `lo 4>8: `l $2.:>>.>>>.>>>   L`kakbki hvhouh`i bhthstrhoflet bhthstrhofletl l pir $;;>.>>>.>>>, tlrrlei pir $10>.>>>.>>>   < bhfkiels `l bhrmh hvhouh`is pir Rlbrlthræh `l Jhbkle`h pir $;:>.>>>.>>>   Kfpulsti ^rl`kho l`kakbki høi 4>8: pir $1.>.>>>   Kfpulsti `l Qljæbuois pir $1>.>>>.>>>   Bistis `l eòfkeh pir $=;>>.>>>   Dhebis pir $:=1.>>>.>>>   Kevlethrkis pir $4.>:>.>>>.>>>   ^htrkfieki oæquk`i høi pir 4>8: $2.=:>.>>>.>>>   Kemrlsis iplrhbkiehols pir $=.2>>.>>>.>>>   Mhstis iplrhbkiehols `l h`fòe. pir $10>>.>>>   Mhstis iplrhbkiehols `l vleth pir $1;>.>>>.>>>   Hetkbkpi høi mrhvhdol 4>8; pir $4:.>>>.>>>   Hutirrltlebkiels pir $;.>>>.>>>

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QHOIT ^HPTKFIE ^H PTKFIEKHO KHO EL ELPI PI (Q^E) ^htrkfieki Okquk`i høi 4>8: ^htrkfieki Druti høi 4>8:    

2,=:>,>>>,>>> >,>>>,>>>

6

Q^E

6

10%

TLEPH ^TLR\EPKQH TLEPH ^TLR\EPKQH ^ht rkfieki oæquk`i h `kb klfdrl `l 4>8:

  RKE LZBL^BKIELR 2, =:>, >>>,>>>

8

Fleis7 Qhoir Qhoir phtrkfie phtrkfiekho kho elti `l hbbkiels y hp hpirtls irtls le sibkl`h`l sibkl`h`ls s eh ehbkiehols bkiehols   Fleis7 Qhoir phtrkfiekho elti `l dklels dklels halbt halbth`is h`is pir aulr aulrzh zh fhyir i bhsi 4 airtukti

  Fleis7 Qhoir phtrkfiekho elti `l dklels dklels vkebuoh`is vkebuoh`is h lfprl lfprlshs shs le plr plrki`i ki`i 2 kfpri`ubtkvi   Fleis lo v vhoir hoir p phtrkfiekho htrkfiekho elti `l ois dklels v vkebuoh`is kebuoh`is `krlbthf `krlbthfletl letl h lfprlshs buyi idglti sibkho lxbouskvi slh oh fkelræh `kstketh `l oh lxpoithbkòe 0 `l jk`ribhrduris oæquk`is y mhslisis3   Fleis Ohs prkflrhs ` `klbkeulv klbkeulvl l fko (8 (8;.>>>) ;.>>>) \ \QP QP `l hbtkv hbtk vis `lo bietrkduylet bietrkduyletl l `lstkeh`is ho slbtir hmriplbuhrki sl lxboukrèe `l oh dhsl `l hpokbhbkòe `l oh < rleth prlsuetkvh sidrl phtrkfieki oæquk`i3   Fleis7 Ohs prkflrhs ibji fko (:. (:.>>>) >>>) \ \QP QP `lo `lo v vhoir hoir `l oh v vkv kvkle`h kle`h `l 1 jhdkthbkòe `lo bietrkduyletl.   Fleis Lo v vhoir hoir phtrkfiekho elti `l ois dklels `lstk `lstkeh`is eh`is l lxb xbouskvhfletl ouskvhfletl h = hbtkvk`h`ls `lpirtkvhs `l ois boudls sibkhols y `lpirtkvis. : Fleis7 Fleis7 Ohs Ohs `lfès `lfès lxbo lxbousk uskie iels ls Ru d t i t h o p h t r k f i e k i su g l t i h Tl e t h ^r l su e t k v h 8, , >>>,>>>      

>, >>> >, >>>

 

 

 

 Hetktkbk  He bk pi `l Tle Tleth th

Plekle`i le buleth, ois lsth`is Akehebklris, ^hrh oh `lbohrhbkòe `l oh Lfprlsh Oh Flgir phrh lo høi 4>8;, oh buho `h Rho`i h ahvir, pir oi buho ei sl bhobuoh hetkbkpi phrh lo høi skmukletl.

BHRI 4 ^HDOI I FÈTFIO FÈTFIO , qukle ls bietrkduyletl y sl lebuletrh bohskakbh`i 4. Lo sløir ^HDO bifi plrsieh guræ`kbh, idokmh`i h olvhr biethdkok`h`, rlmkstrh le sus okdris ois skmukletls `htis3 sl pk`l `ltlrfkehr oh rleth prlsuetkvh birrlspie`kletl h su `lbohrhbkòe `l rleth pir lo høi 4>8; qul `ldl prlslethr lstl høi 4>4>.

  ^htrkfieki druti `lo høi 4>8: 6 $1.>>>.>>>.>>>   @lu`hs h 28 `l `kbklfdrl `l 4>8: 6 $4.>>>.>>>.>>>   Hbbkiels le sibkl`h`ls ehbkiehols h 28 `l `kbklfdrl `l 4>8: pir $.>>>.>>>, `l ois qul sl mlelrhrie `kvk`le`is pir $2:>.>>>.>>>, `l ois buhols lo =8: pir $;;>.>>>.>>>   Bistis `l eòfkeh 6 $4;>.>>>.>>>   Dhebis 6 $4:>>.>>>   Kevlethrkis 6 $;>>.>>>.>>>   ^htrkfieki oæquk`i høi 4>8: 6 $2.1>>.>>>.>>>   Kemrlsis iplrhbkiehols 6 $0.;.>>>.>>>   Mhstis iplrhbkiehols `l h`fòe. 6 $44>.>>>.>>>   Mhstis iplrhbkiehols `l vleth 6 $2=>.>>>.>>>   Hetkbkpi høi mrhvhdol 4>8; 6 $2.;>>.>>>   Hutirrltlebkiels 6 $40>.>>>.>>>   Itrhs rltlebkiels 6 $48.>.>>>

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QHOIT ^HPTKFIEKHO ELPI (Q^E) ^htrkfieki Okquk`i høi 4>8: ^htrkfieki Druti høi 4>8:

6

Q^E

 

 

 

8).

QT Hb b kiels Ehb kiehols * Q^E

6

2,2>>,>>>,>>>

6

  41>>

1). ^rkflrhs ^rkflrhs :.>>> \QP Qkvkle` Qkvkle`h h Jhdkthbkieh Jhdkthbkiehoo :.>>> x 22.88: 8 4 2 0

< 1 = :

Fleis7 Fleis7 Qhoir Qhoir phtrkfiek phtrkfiekho ho elti `l hbbkie hbbkiels ls y hpir hpirtls tls le sibkl`h sibkl`h`ls `ls ehbkiehol ehbkiehols s   Fleis7 Qhoir phtrkfiekho phtrkfiekho elti `l dklels dklels halbth`is pir aulr aulrzh zh fhyir i bhsi airtukti   Fleis7 Qhoir phtrkfiekho elti `l dklels v vkebuoh`is kebuoh`is h lfprlshs le plrki`i kfpri`ubtkvi   Fleis lo vhoir phtrkfiekho elti `l ois dklels vkebuoh`is vkebuoh`is `krlb `krlbthflet thflet l h lfprlshs buyi idglti sibkho lxbouskvi slh oh fkelræh `kstketh `l oh lxpoithbkòe `l jk`ribhrduris jk`ribhrduris oæquk`is y mhslisis3   Fleis Ohs prkflrhs `klbkeulvl `klbkeulvl fko (8;.>>>) \QP `l hbtkvis `lo bietrkduylet l `lstkeh`is ho slbtir hmriplbuhrki sl lxboukrèe `l oh dhsl `l hpokbhbkòe `l oh rleth prlsuetkvh sidrl phtrkfieki oæquk`i3   Fleis7 Ohs prkflrhs prkf lrhs ibji fko (:.>>>) \QP `lo v vhoir hoir `l oh v vkvkle`h kvkle`h `l jhdkthbkòe `lo bietrkduyletl.   Fleis Lo vhoir vhoir p phtrkfiekho htrkfiekho elti `l `l ois dklels `lstkeh`is lxbouskv lxbouskvhfletl hfletl h hbtkvk`h`ls hbtkvk` h`ls `lpirtkv `lpirtkvhs hs `l ois b oudls sibkhols y `lpirtkv `lpirtkvis. is. F leis 7 Ohs `lfès lx b ous kiels Fl Ru d t i t h o p h t r k f i e k i su g l t i h Tl e t h ^r l su e t k v h 8, >, >>>, >>>

2,1>>,>>>,>>>

 2,2> 2,2>>,>>> >,>>>,>>> ,>>>  

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  41>>

    20,=>>     4:>>, >>>   4:>,>>>,>>>   >>,>>>     >>,>>>

 

^hrh lo Bhsi `lo Rløir ^HDOI FÈTFIO  sl bhobuoò oh ^rlsuetkvh `l ohs 4 fhelrhs, y sl tifò oh biebouskòe qul `l oh Airfh `krlbth sl dlelakbkh lo bietrkduyletl, `ldk`i h qul jhbkle`i oh @lpurhbkòe `l oh dhsl phrh rleth prlsuetkvh ol `h h phmhr fès.  Hetktkbk  He bk pi `l Tle Tleth th ^ ^HDO HDO I FHTFIO 8. Høi h `lbohrhr7 4>8; 4. Kfpulsti elti `l rleth le 4>8;7 >> 2. Kfpulsti elti `l rleth le 4>8:7 Ei oi P Plelfis lelfis 0. Tltlebkiels prhbtkbh`hs le 4>8;7 48.>.>>> 8;7 40>.>>>.>>> 1. Hetkbkpi phrh 4>4>7 ¹9 Bifi ei tlelfis lo Kfpulsti `l Tleth `lo høi 4>8:, sioi sl pul`l bhobuohr lo hetkbkpi `l oh skmukletl fhelrh. skmukletl  Kfpulsti `l Elti `l Tleth 4>8; Z =8; 6 Hetkbkpi høi skmukletl   

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Plelr le buleth qul sl rlsthe Tltlebkiels y Hutirrltlebkiels >> Z =;:.4 024.>;:.4  ‒ 48.>.>>>  ‒ 40>.>>>.>>> 6 8=>..