Actividad: 1. El Lenguaje y La Comunicación.

 

IDJI JIAY AY NB IL ILER ERDJ DJIA IAIJ IJ D Z DB DBGL GLIJ IJAI AIJL JLD D BFB BFBI^ I^JV JVA A ^ ID

Dlemrb nb` a`uedl3 [br`a Iarl`jda Lrtjz Rrmjda. Eatrjiu`a3 1=61;:. Grupl3 GJ22. Eatbrja3  ^ê ^êid idji jias as nb Ileu Ileud dji jiai aijù jùd d

y

Dbgl bglij ijai aijù jùd d

bfbitjva.  Asbslr3 Nra. Ejrda Bthb` Sava`bta ]lm`bs  Aitjvjnan3 1. B` `bdguacb y `a Ileudjiaijùd.  Agua Nu`ib, Vbrairuz. 7 nb fbmrbrl nb` =;=;. =;=;.

1

 

^ÊIDJIAY NB ILERDJIAIJÙD Z DBGLIJAIJLD BFBI^JVA

Ådnjib

Jdtrlnuiijùd .............. ............................. ............................. ............................. .............................. ............................. ............................. ............................. ................................1 ..................1 ]b`aijùd qub sb bstam`bib bdtrb b` `bdguacb y `a ileudjiaijùd. ..............................................= ........................... ............................. .............................. ............................. ............................. ............................. ............................. ....................................2 .....................2 Ildi`usjùd .............

 Adbxls.............. ............................. ............................. ............................. .............................. ............................. ............................. ............................. ........................................ .......................... 7 ............................ ............................. ............................. ............................. ............................. .............................. ............................. ............................. .......................... ........... 8  Adbxl 1............. ............................ ............................. ............................. ............................. ............................. .............................. ............................. ............................. .......................... ........... 8  Adbxl =.............

 

Jdtrlnuiijùd

B` sbr hueadl sb ha vjstl bd `a dbibsjnan nb bxprbsar jnbas, sbdtjejbdtls, l nb pldbrsb nb aiub aiubrnl rnl ild `ls `ls nbeás nbeás qub `l rlnba rlnbad d y para para bstl bstl fub dbibsar dbibsarjl jl nb nbsa sarrl rrl``a ``arr ud `bdguacb, sjd jeplrtar `a flrea qub anlptb3 lra`, bsirjtl l vjsua`, utj`jzanl para `lgrar uda ebta l udjfjiar lpjdjldbs. @a ileudjiaijùd ilejbdza nbsnb b` surgjejbdtl nb `a vjna bd b` p`adbta y sb ha nbsarrl``anl a travês nb` tjbepl, ilebdzadnl nbsnb `a ileudjiaijùd dl vbrma` y haijêdnlsb eás ilep`bca ildflreb `a bvl`uijùd nb` hlemrb. _IJ^A^JLD Hlr=; P` =;28 U.

Bsta sb bdiubdtra prbsbdtb bd tlnl b` prlibsl tramacl y bd `a vjna njarja, bs `a bsbdija ejsea nb `a vjna a tlnls `ls djvb`bs _ IJ^A^JLD Gld:7 P` =;28 U ?bs ud faitlr nbtbrejdadtb bd `as rb`aijldbs bildùejias, slija`bs slija`bs hueadas y ha sjnl pjbza i`avb bd b` nbsarrl``l nbsarrl``l nb `a

tbi tbidl`l `lg gåa, åa,

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b`bi `bitr trù ùdjia jia3

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tb tb``bvjsl vjslr, r,

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tb`bileu tb`b ileudjia djiaijld ijldbs, bs, b` nbsarrl`` nbsarrl``l l nb `as dubvas tbidl`lg tbidl`lgåas åas ilel `a jdflreát jdflreátjia jia y `a ileputaijùd? aså ilel nb `as faelsas rbnbs slija`bs, `as iua`bs surgbd plr uda sjep`b razùd `a dbibsjnan qub tbdbels `ls sbrbs hueadls nb ileudjiardls. B` `bdguacb bs uda hamj`jnan bspbiåfjiaebdtb hueada nb grad rb`bvadija pubstl qub `l utj`jzaels   para ileudjiardls, b` prjdijpa` papb` nb` `bdguacb bs pbrejtjrdls `a rb`aijùd ild `ls qub dls rlnbad y b` jdtbriaemjl nb jdflreaijùd. Bstá i`arl qub bstb dl bs dubstrl ódjil ódji l ebnjl ebnjl para ileudjiardl ileudjiardls? s? taemjêd taemjêd `l haib haibels els a travês travês nb` `bdguacb `bdguacb ilrplra`, ilrplra`, dubstrls gbstls y dubstrl ileplrtaejbdtl? sjd bemargl, dl iamb nuna nb` `ugar rb`bvadtb qub liupa b` `bdguacb para bsta fudijùd. Bd b` áemjtl áemjtl `amlra `amlra`` uda uda mubd mubda a il ileud eudjia jiaijù ijùd d il ild d `bdgu `bdguac acb b an anbi biua uanl nl ebclr ebclra a `a ilepbtjtjvjnan nb dubstra lrgadjzaijùd, su anaptaijùd a `ls iaemjls nb` bdtlrdl, faij`jta b` `lgrl nb `ls lmcbtjvls y ebtas bstam`bijnas, satjsfaib `as prlpjas dbibsjnanbs y `a nb `ls partjijpadtbs, illrnjda y ildtrl`a `as aitjvjnanbs y flebdta uda mubda eltjvaijùd, ileprlejsl, rbspldsamj`jnan, jep`jiaijùd y partjijpaijùd nb sus jdtbgradtbs y ud mubd i`jea jdtbgranlr nb tramacl. A ildtjduaijùd, sb nbfjdjrá b` prlibsl nb `a ileudjiaijùd y su rb`aijùd ild b` `bdguacb, aså ilel `a rb`aijùd qub sb bstam`bib bdtrb b` `bdguacb y `a ileudjiaijùd.

1

 

]b`aijùd qub sb bstam`bib bdtrb b` `bdguacb y `a ileudjiaijùd.

¼Bs `l ejsel ejsel `bdgua `bdguacb cb qub ileudji ileudjiaijù aijùd< d< Euy ileó ileódebd debdtb, tb, sub`b sub`b ildfudn ildfudnjrsb jrsb `ls têrejdls nb `bdguacb y ileudjiaijùd, ``bgádnlsb a pbdsar plr su bstrbiha rb`aijùd bd bs bstb tb pr prli libs bsl l ilel ilel ud ej ejse sel l ildi ildibp bptl tl?? sj sjd d bema bemarg rgl, l, bd 1: 1:=8 =8 bd b` Ildg Ildgrb rbsl sl Jdtbrdaijlda` nb @jdgðåstjia nb @a Haya, Hl`adna? sb na `ugar a `a nbfjdjijùd nb bstls ildibptls? nbsirjmjbdnl a` `bdguacb ilel3 ‐ud bejslr, slmrb b` qub rbiab b` pbsl nb `l sbej sbejùt ùtji jil, l, ilds ildstr truy uyb b ud sj sjgd gdjf jfji jiad adtb tb y `l bdvå bdvåa a ild ild ud sjgd sjgdjf jfji jian anl l a` rb rbib ibpt ptlr lr―― y nbsirjmjbdnl a `a ileudjiaijùd (vbr adbxl 1) ilel3 ‐ud bejslr bdvåa a` rbibptlr ud sjgdjfjiadtb? b` rbibptlr bs qujbd `l nlta nb sjgdjfjianl, sj iarbib nb` ejsel para b` rbibptlr, dl sb prlnuijrá bsb jdtbriaemjl―. _ IJ^A^JLD Hlr=; P` =;28 U . @a ileud ileudjia jiaijù ijùd d bs uda uda fudij fudijùd ùd másji másjia a nb `ls sbrbs hu huead eadls ls,, `a iua` iua` bs nb vjta` vjta` jeplrtadija para b` nbsarrl``l nb `a slijbnan? ya qub `as pbrsldas sb rb`aijldad bd b` hlgar, hlg ar, `a bsiub`a, bsiub`a, b` tramacl tramacl,, `a ile ileudjn udjnan, an, bd `as rbnbs slija`bs, slija`bs, ild `ls aejgls aejgls y ilepañbrls, sjbdnl pjbza i`avb bd dubstrl njarjl vjvjr y sambels qub bsta sb ildflrea nb trbs b`bebdtls euy sjep`bs ud bejslr, ud iada`, ud ebdsacb y ud rbibptlr (vbr adbxl =), para plnbr ``bvar aiaml l tbdbr uda ileudjiaijùd bfbitjva tbdbels qub tbdbr `ls trbs b`bebdtls bd `a ejsea sjdtldåa aså ilel ud `bdguacb i`arl, ya qub sj udl nb bstls b`bebdtls dl bstá bd `a ejsea sjdtldåa dubstra jdflreaijùd dl sbrá i`ara y dubstrl ebdsacb dl sbrá ileprbdnjnl plr b` rbibptlr.

B` `bdguacb bstá ådtjeaebdtb `jganl ild `ls pbdsaejbdtls nb` jdnjvjnul qub aitóa ilel bejslr nb` ebdsacb, pubstl qub, `as pa`amras tjbdbd `a iapaijnan nb tradsejtjr jnbas y iana vbz qub bs utj`jzanl b` `bdguacb, pubnb rbf`bcarsb ud pbdsaejbdtl prlpjl, aså ilel jdf`ujr bd b` pbdsaejbdtl nb qujbdbs fudgbd ilel rbibptlrbs nb` ejsel.

@a jeplrtadija qub tjbdbd b` `bdguacb y `a ileudjiaijùd bd `a slijbnan ranjia nb` hbihl nb qub, para haibr ``bgar jnbas, pbdsaejbdtls, hbihls, rbf`bxjldbs, ùrnbdbs b jdi`usl a`gudls sbdtjejbdtls, sbdtjejbdtls, b` hlemrb haib usl nb `a ileudjiaijùd utj`jzadnl b` `bdguacb ilel =

 

uda uda hbrra hbrraejb ejbdta dta dbib dbibsar sarja ja para para haibr haibrsb sb bdtbd bdtbdnb nbrr pl plrr `ls nb nbeás eás.. B` `bdgu `bdguac acb b bs bstá tá ilepubstl plr ud ildcudtl nb rbg`as y bstádnarbs qub haibd ileudbs `ls ildibptls y pa`amras qub utj`jzaels a njarjl para ileudjiardls, nb ahå su jeplrtadija. [brl qub tad jeplrtadtb bs nbdtrl nb` áemjtl `amlra` eadbcar b` `bdguacb ilrrbitl, aså ilel ile l uda uda ileud ileudjia jiaijù ijùd d bfbi bfbitjv tjva, a, bd `l pbrsl pbrslda da`` pl plnrå nråa a nb nbijr ijr qu qub b ijbdtl ijbdtl pl plrr ijbdtl ijbdtl jeplrtadtb, `a ileudjiaijùd bfbitjva bs b` pj`ar nb `as beprbsas bxjtlsas. sbgód Flrmbs Eêxjil `as hamj`jnanbs nb ileudjiaijùd sld vjta`bs para iua`qujbr `ugar nb tramacl, y nbmb bdildtrarsb bd tlnls `ls djvb`bs. Rda bdiubsta nb @jdobnJd nb =;16 bdildtrù qub, sbgód `ls =:1 gbrbdtbs nb ildtrataijùd bdiubstanls, `as hamj`jnanbs nb ileudjiaijùd sld `a hamj` hamj`jn jnan an m`ad m`adna na eás eás nbead nbeadna nana na.. Iuad Iuadnl nl `ls `ls bep`b bep`ban anlrb lrbs s njibd njibd qu qub b `a ileudjia ileu djiaijùd ijùd bs uda dbibsjnan dbibsjnan,, bs ebclr ebclr qub tbdgad gbrbdtbs gbrbdtbs y sup supbrvjs brvjslrbs lrbs qub pubnad ileudjiarsb._ IJ^A^JLD Sam17 P` =;28 U  

Nbdtrl nb uda beprbsa plnbels bdildtrar nls tjpls nb ileudjiaijùd uda nb b``as bs jdtbrda bs nbijr, `a ileudjiaijùd bdtrb `ls ejbemrls nb `a lrgadjzaijùd, bs jeplrtadtb tbdbr bd iubdta quê qubrbels nbijr y iùel qubrbels nbijr`l, y nb quê eadbra sb tradsejtb ebclr b` ebdsacb samjbdnl qub bxjstb uda njfbrbdija bdtrb `l qub sb rbijmb y `l qub sb pbrijmb, plr `l qub sb haib nb vjta` jeplrtadija flebdtar `a partjijpaijùd y b` ileprlejsl nb `as pbrsldas qub flread `a lrgadjzaijùd.

  @a sbgudna bs `a ileudjiaijùd bxtbrda bsta rbsjnb bd prlybitar, prlelvbr y rbflrzar `a jeagbd nb `a lrgadjzaijùd, pum`jijtar dubstrls prlybitls l aitjvjnanbs, sambr a qujbdbs dls njrjgjels y ildsbgujr `a partjijpai partjijpaijùd jùd b jdtbraiijùd nb dubstrls partjijpadtbs, partjijpadtbs, l `l qub bs `l ejsel, nar a ildlibr dubstra lrgadjzaijùd a `ls nbeás. Bs jeplrtadtb tbdbr bd iubdta iùel dls pbrijmbd y iùel qubrbels qub dls pbrijmad y b`amlrar ud p`ad nb aiijùd nb ileudjiaijùd bxtbrda. Ybgód b` m`lg nbstjdl dbglijl para qub bd dubstra beprbsa tbdgaels uda ileudjiaijùd bfbitjva dbibsjtaels tbdbr bstls ijdil b`bebdtls3 1. [`adjfjiaijùd bstratêgjia Bs fudnaebdta` ildtar ild ud p`ad nb aiijùd para nbfjdjr `l qub dbibsjta `a beprbsa, iùel rbaiijldar, `a jnbdtjnan y `a jeagbd qub sb va a tradsejtjr. @a bspbija`jsta bd 9

 

ileudjiaijùd jdtbgrana I`arjib [brbjra slstjbdb qub tlnl b``l ildtrjmuyb a ud ebclr  bdtbdnjejbdtl nb` póm`jil jdtbrdl y bxtbrdl para lmtbdbr uda ebclr aibptaijùd nb `as aitjvjnanbs nb `a lrgadjzaijùd. =. [rlfbsjlda`bs nb ileudjiaijùd Ltrl pudtl sld `ls prlfbsjlda`bs ildtratanls para ap`jiar `ls b`bebdtls nb ileudjiaijùd. Bxjstbd sbitlrbs njfbrbdtbs nb bspbija`jnan bd `a ileudjiaijùd qub prlnuibd, plr tadtl, eatbrja` eatb rja`bs bs njfbrbdt njfbrbdtbs. bs. ]b`aijld ]b`aijldbs bs póm`jia póm`jias, s, pum`jijn pum`jijnan an y pbrjlnjs pbrjlnjsel, el, plr bcbep`l bcbep`l,, dl iumrbd `as ejseas fudijldbs. 9. [óm`jils Bs fudnaebdta` taemjêd bdtbdnbr y ildlibr a `ls njfbrbdtbs póm`jils, nbsiumrjr `l qub bspbrad y iùel a`iadzar`ls. ]biubrna qujêd bs tu jdtbr`liutlr. Adtbs nb ilebdzar a ham`ar l bsirjmjr, pjbdsa bd qujêd bs tu lmcbtjvl y nb quê eadbra pubnbs jepaitar`l ebclr  para a`iadzar b` rbsu`tanl qub musias. >. Iada`bs nb ileudjiaijùd ¼Iùel ``bgar a` póm`jil< Bsb bs b` nbsafål. @as plsjmj`jnanbs aitua`bs sld njvbrsas. @as rbnbs slija`bs, plr bcbep`l, nbmbd bdtrar bd `a bstratbgja. bstratbgja. Rd eura`, plr ltra partb, ya dl bs tad bfjijbdtb ilel adtbs. ^lnl nbpbdnb nb `a beprbsa y nb `ls pbrfj`bs a `ls qub qujbrbs a`iadzar. 2. Ebnjijùd nb rbsu`tanls Nb dana sjrvb `adzar sjbeprb dubvas iaepañas iaepañas y flreas nb ``bgar a` póm`jil sj dl sjgubs `ls rbsu`tanls gbdbranls gbdbranls y b` ileprlejsl nb` póm`jil ild `a earia. Rda ebnjijùd plsjm`b bs b` iji`l [NIA (sjg`a nb` jdg`ês p`adbar, haibr, ihbqubar y ilrrbgjr). @a ebtlnl`lgåa sugjbrb ap`jiar bsas iuatrl btapas a tlna aiijùd bstratêgjia nb `a beprbsa. Ilepartb bstb ildtbdjnl ild tus aejgls y sbgujnlrbs bd `as rbnbs slija`bs. Yj tjbdbs a`guda nuna, sugbrbdija l ildsbcl slmrb bstb tbea, nbca ud ilebdtarjl y il`amlra ild b` jdtbriaemjl nb jnbas. _ IJ^A^JLD Nbs1: P` =;28 U

>

 

Ildi`usjùd B` `bdguacb, a` flrear partb prjelrnja` nb` ebdsacb bdvjanl a` rbibptlr, bs `a hbrraejbdta nb `a iu iua` a` plnb plnbels els haibr haibr usl para qub qub njihl njihl ebdsa ebdsacb cb sb sba a jdtbr jdtbrpr prbta btanl nl nb flrea flrea ilrrbita. Bs plr bsl qub b` `bdguacb nbmb utj`jzarsb nb elnl anbiuanl a` bejtjr ud ebdsacb, jdvl`uiradnl b` eaylr dóebrl nb b`bebdtls plsjm`bs qub pbrejtad uda mubda jdtbrprbtaijùd plr partb nb` rbibptlr y iapturbd `a atbdijùd nbsbana.

@ls sbrbs hueadls hbels tbdjnl `a dbibsjnan nb ileudjiardls nbsnb b` prjdijpjl nb dubstra bxjstbdija, bs plrqub bstá nb eás nbijr `l jeplrtadtb qub `a ileudjiaijùd bs para b` sbr hueadls, `a ileudjiaijùd `l bs tlnl bd dubstrl njarjl vjvjr.

Bs plr bstl qub bd b` áemjtl `amlra` bs uda pjbza fudnaebdta` para b` fudijldaejbdtl ilrrbitl nb iua`qujbr beprbsa, ya sba gradnb, ebnja l uda pbqubña beprbsa, sj dl ildtaels ild uda ileudjiaijùd bfbitjva nbdtrl nb `a beprbsa y ild dubstrls i`jbdtbs l beprbsa bep rbsas s sumsjnja sumsjnjarjas, rjas, tbdgael tbdgaels s plr sbgurl sbgurl qub dubstra dubstra beprbsa bstá bstá nbstjda nbstjdana na a` fraiasl.

[lr bsl ilel jdnjvjnuls jdnjvjnuls plnbels praitjiar uda ileudjiaijùd ileudjiaijùd bfbitjva nbdtrl nb dubstrl áemjtl `amlra` y plrqub dl eltjvar a dubstrls ilepañbrls a qub taemjêd `a praitjqubd, ild `a fjda`jnan nb tramacar bd sjdbrgja nbsnb b` eadnl anejdjstratjvl, b` eadnl ebnjl, ilel b` árba lpbratjva.

2

 

Mjm`jlgrafåa

Iarebd, G. G. (1: (1::7). @a ileu ileudj djia iaij ijùd ùd bf bfbi bitj tjva va,, ilel ilel `lgr `lgrar ar ud uda a an anbi biua uana na ileudjiaijùd b` `ls iaepls, berbsarja`,slija` y faej`jar. JYBF. faej`jar.  JYBF. Fbrdádnbz, I. (1::7). @a ileudjiaijùd nb `as lrgadjzaijldbs. Eêxjil3 lrgadjzaijldbs. Eêxjil3 ^rj``as. Hlrias

VJ``arba`,

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www.buebn.dbt/rbv/iiiss/;9/cehv7.hte J.,

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lrgadjzaijlda`.. lrgadjzaijlda`

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njdáejia

nb`

lrgadjzaijldbs―. Eêxjil3 lrgadjzaijldbs―.  Eêxjil3 Jdtbrdatjlda` ^hlesld Bnjtlrbs, Y.A. nb I.V. E,

E. (1: nb Fbmrbrl nb =;11). @ls @ls rb rbiu iurs rsls ls hu huea eadl dls s. ht http3 tp3//w //www. ww.`l `lsrb srbiu iursl rslshu shuea eadl dls.i s.ile/ le/il ildtb dtbdjn djnls ls/=: /=:;-b ;-bstu stunjl njls-n s-nbb-

Lmtbdjnl nb i`jeai`jea-

lrgadjzaijlda`.hte` Eybrs, E. y. (1::9). Anejdjstra (1::9). Anejdjstraijùd ijùd ebnjadtb ebnjadtb `a ileudjiaijùd ileudjiaijùd.. Eêxjil3 EiGraw-Hj``. dbglijl,

N.

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https3//flrmbs.bs/musjdbss/1;8:2/`a-jeplrtadija-nb-`a-ileudjiaijld-nbdtrl-nb-`abeprbsa/ Y, ]. (=;;>). ‐Ileplrtaejbdtl lrgadjzaijlda`―. Eêxjil3 lrgadjzaijlda`―. Eêxjil3 [barsld Bnuiatjld. Yihbrebrhlrd C., H. C. (=;;>). ‐ Ileplrtaejbdtl lrgadjzaijlda`―. Ileplrtaejbdtl  lrgadjzaijlda`―. Eêxjil3  Eêxjil3 @jeusa.

6

 

Adbxls 7

 

Adbxl 1

Adbxl =

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