Acceptable Quality Level (AQL) It is the maximum percent defective that, for the purpose of sampling inspection, can be considered satisfactory as a process average. AQL is the specific value for a certain defect or group of defect that the customer provide to the supplier as his acceptance level of a particular lot/batch provided statistical sampling procedures are used. AQL is usually expressed in percent (%). It means that accepted lot/batch will not contain more than X% defective (assuming X is the value of selected AQL). The AQLs for garment pieces are usually 2.5, 4.0, 6.5 and 10 depending upon the quality characteristics and prices (refer table 1 & 2) Percent defective = Number of defective units x 100 Number of units inspected
Table1: Sample size code letters Lot or Batch Size
Sample Size Code Letters
2 to 8
A
9 to 15
B
16 to 25 26 to 50 51 to 90 91 to 150 151 to 280 281 to 500 501 to 1200 1201 to 3200 3201 to 10000 10001 to 35000
C D E F G H J K L M
Source: ANSI/ASQC Z 1.4, the sample procedure and tables for inspection by attribute
Table2: Sampling plan
Sampl Sampl e Size e Size Code Letter s
Acceptable Quality Level 2.5
4.0
6.5
10
Acpt.
Rejct.
Acpt
Rejct.
Acpt
Rejct.
Acpt
Rejct.
A
2
0
1
0
1
0
1
1
2
B
3
0
1
0
1
0
1
1
2
C
5
0
1
0
1
0
1
1
2
D
8
0
1
1
2
1
2
2
3
E
13
1
2
1
2
2
3
3
4
F
20
1
2
2
3
3
4
5
6
G
32
2
3
3
4
5
6
7
8
H
50
3
4
5
6
7
8
10
11
J
80
5
6
7
8
10
11
14
15
K
125
7
8
10
11
14
15
21
22
L
200
10
11
14
15
21
22
21
22
M
315
14
15
21
22
21
22
21
22
Source: ANSI/ASQC Z 1.4, the sample procedure and tables for inspection by attribute
Selection of sample plan Sample size can be selected by considering the two factors i.e. lot size and AQL from table 1 & 2 above. Example: Find a sample plan for a lot/batch size of 2000 garments and an AQL of 2.5. a) Refer table1: lot size of 2000 corresponds to sample size code letter ‘K’ b) Refer Table2: code ‘K’ corresponds to sample size 125 c) Refer Table2: code ‘K’ and sample size 125 corresponds to the acpt. (acceptance) of 7 and Rejct. (Rejection) of 8 at AQL of 2.5. This illustrate that if the number of defective garments is 7 or less out of sample of 125 garments, the lot of 2000 garments is accepted. This also illustrate that if the number of defective garments is 8 or more out of sample of 125 garments, the lot of 2000 garments is rejected. The table also shows that changing the AQL from 2.5 to 4.0, 6.5 or 10 for the same lot/batch i.e. 2000 garment will result in different sets of acceptance or rejection number. It is observed that the higher the AQL used, the lower the accepted quality
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