ACC 214 (3 Exam-Reviewer)

 

ACC 214 (3RD EXAM-REVIEWER) Disruptive technology- is a new way of doing

global reach, opening new markets, reducing costs, and improving operations and effectiveness.

things that initially does not meet the needs of existing customers. Disruptive technologies tend to open new markets and destroy old ones.

Ecommerce- is the buying and selling of g oods and services over the Internet. Ecommerce refers only to online transactions

Sustaining technology- produces an

Ebusiness- includes ecommerce along with all

World Wide Web Consortium (W3C)-  An

international community that develops open standards to ensure the long-term growth of the web (www.w3.org)  Web browser -Allows -Allows users to access the

WWW improved product customers are eager to buy, such as a faster car or larger hard drive. Sustaining technologies tend to provide us with better, faster, and cheaper products in established markets

activities related to internal and external business operations such as servicing customer accounts, collaborating with partners, and exchanging real-time information

Internet- is a massive network that connects

information through documents, including text, graphics, and audio and video files that use a special formatting language called Hypertext Markup Language

computers all over the world and allows them to to communicate with one another. Computers connected via the Internet can send and receive information, including text, graphics, voice, video, and software

WEB 1.0

World Wide Web- Provides access to Internet

Hypertext Markup Language (HTML)-

Publishes hypertext on the WWW, which allows users to move from one document to another simply by clicking a hot spot or link

Web 1.0 (or Business 1.0)- a term to refer to

the World Wide Web during its first few years of

HTML 5 -The current version of HTML delivers

operation between 1991 and 2003

everything from animation to graphics and music to movies; it can also be used to build complicated web applications and works across platforms, including a PC, tablet, smart phone, or smart TV.

Web 1.0 is a term that refers to the World Wide

Web during its first few years of operation, between 1991 and 2003. Ebusiness includes ecommerce along with all activities related to internal and external business operations such as servicing customer accounts, collaborating with partners, and exchanging real-time information. During Web 1.0, entrepreneurs began creating the first forms of ebusiness. Ebusiness advantages include expanding

Hypertext Transport Protocol (HTTP)-The

Internet protocol web browsers use to request and display web pages using universal resource locators (URLs) 

Domain name hosting- A service that allows

the owner of a domain name to maintain a simple website and provide email capacity Applet- A program that runs within another

application such as a website. Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN)-  A nonprofit

organization that has assumed the responsibility for Internet Protocol (IP) address space allocation, protocol parameter assignment, domain name system management, and root server system management functions previously performed under U.S. government contract. Paradigm shift- occurs when a new, radical

form of business enters the market that reshapes the way companies and organizations behave   The microcomputer revolution made it possible for an average person to own a computer.   Advancements in networking hardware, software, and media made it possible

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for business computers to be connected to larger networks at a minimal cost.

 

 

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Browser software such as Microsoft’s

Internet Explorer and Netscape Navigator gave computer users an easy-to-use graphical interface to find, download, and display web pages.   The speed, convenience, and low cost

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of email tool haveformade it an and incredibly popular business personal communications.   Basic web pages a are re easy easy to create create and extremely flexible.

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Domain squatting or Cyber squatting- the

practice of buying a domain to profit from a trademarked name Auto - AutoTrader.com  AutoTrader.com is the world’s lar largest gest used-car marketplace, listing millions of cars from both private owners and dealers.  AutoTrader.com actually helps increase usedusedcar dealers’ business because it drives millions

of qualified leads (potential used-car buyers) to participating automotive dealers and private sellers. Publishing- With the Internet, anyone can

publish online content. Traditionally, publishers screened many authors and manuscripts and selected those that had the best chances of succeeding. Lulu.com turned this model around by providing self-publishing along with print-ondemand capabilities. Education and Training-Continuing medical education is costly, and just keeping up to date

with advances often requires taking training courses and traveling to conferences. Now continuing education in many fields is moving

online with over 50 percent of doctors expected to build their skills through online learning. Companies such as Cisco save m illions by moving training to the Internet. 

  Improving Effectiveness

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Information richness -refers to the depth and

breadth of details contained in a piece of textual, graphic, audio, or video information  

Entertainment-The music industry was hit hard

by ebusiness, and online iTunes average billions ofmusic annualtraders such as downloads.Unable to compete with online music, the majority of record stores closed. The next big entertainment industry to feel the effects of ebusiness will be the multibilliondollar movie business. Video rental stores are closing their doors as they fail to compete with online streaming and on-demand delivery companies such as Netflix. Financial Services-Nearly every public

efinance company makes money, with online mortgage service Lending Tree leading the pack. Processing online mortgage applications is over 50 percent cheaper for customers.

Information - measures the number people a firmreach can communicate with all overofthe t he

world. Mass customization -is the ability of an

organization to tailor its products or services to the customers’ specifications  Personalization -occurs when a company knows enough about a customer’s likes and

dislikes that it can fashion offers more likely to to appeal to that person, say by tailoring its website to individuals or groups based on profile information, demographics, or prior transactions Long tail- referring to the tail of a typical sales

curve Retail -Forrester Research predicts ebusiness

retail sales will grow at a 10 percent annual growth. It forecasts U.S. online retail sales will be nearly $250 billion, up from $155 billion. Travel- Travel site Expedia.com is now the

biggest leisure-travel agency, with higher profit margins than even American Express. The majority of travel agencies closed as a direct result of ebusiness.  EBUSINESS ADVANTAGES 

  Expanding Global Reach   Opening New Markets   Reducing Costs

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Intermediaries -are agents, software, or

businesses that provide a trading infrastructure to bring buyers and sellers together Disintermediation- which occurs when a business sells directly to the customer online and cuts out the intermediary Reintermediation- steps are added to the

value chain as new players find ways to add value to the business process Cybermediation- refers to the creation of new

kinds of intermediaries that simply could not have existed before the advent of ebusiness, including comparison-shopping sites such as

 

Kelkoo and bank account aggregation services such as Citibank Interactivity- measures advertising

effectiveness by counting visitor interactions with the target ad, including time t ime spent viewing the ad, number of pages viewed, and number of repeat visits to the advertisement Heat map -is a two-dimensional representation of data in which values are represented by colors Clickstream- The path the visitor takes though

a website Associate (affiliate) program- Allows a

business to generate commissions or referral fees when a customer visiting its website clicks a link to another merchant’s website 

Clickstream analytics- is the process of

collecting, analyzing and reporting aggregate data about which pages a website visitor visits—and in what order. Clickstream analytics is considered to be most effective when used in conjunction with other, more traditional, market

Service providers-Provide services such as

company creates, delivers, and generates revenues on the Internet

photo sharing, video sharing, online backup, and storage.

Dot-com -was the original term for a company

Transaction brokers- Process online sales

operating on the Internet

transactions

EBUSINESS MODELS

businesses buying from and selling to each other over the Internet (2) business-to consumer- applies to any business that sells its products or services directly to consumers online (3) consumer-to-business- applies to any consumer who sells a product or service to a business on the Internet (4) consumer-to-consumer- applies to customers offering goods and services to each other on the Internet

by a website, containing information about customers and their browsing activities  A small web page containing an Pop-up ad - A advertisement that appears outside of the current website loaded in the browser Viral marketing- A  A technique that induces

Ebusiness Forms and Revenue-Generating Strategies

exponential growth in the message’s visibility

and effect.

access specialized content and other services.

Adwords- are keywords that advertisers choose to pay for and appear as sponsored links on the Google results pages Search engine- is website software that finds

other pages based on keyword matching similar to Google Search engine ranking -evaluates variables that search engines use to determine where a URL appears on the list of search results Search engine optimization (SEO) - combines

art with science to determine how to make URLs more attractive to search engines resulting in higher search engine ranking Ebusiness Fraud- As with any great

websites or users to pass on a marketing message to other websites or users, creating

and sellers of products and services

Ebusiness model- is a plan that details how a

that advertises the products and services of another business, usually another ebusiness

Cookie - A  A small file deposited on a hard drive

Online marketplaces- Bring together buyers

Portals -Operate a central website for users to

(1) business-to-business- applies to

who visit one site and click an advertisement that takes them to the site of the advertiser

on behalf of producers of goods and services and their potential customers

evaluation resources. Business model- is a plan that details how a company creates, delivers, and generates revenues

Banner ad- A box running across a website

Clickthrough- A count of the number of people

Infomediaries- Provide specialized information

Content providersGenerate revenues by providing digital content such as news, music, photos, or videos.

technology, is always someone using it for unethicalthere practices

 

Click fraud- is the practice of artificially

Real-time communication- occurs when a

Content management systems (CMS) - help

inflating traffic statistics for online advertisements

system updates information at the same rate it receives it

Hitbots- automated clicking programs, create

Instant messaging (IMing-) is a service that

the illusion that a large number of potential

enables instant or real-time communication

companies manage the creation, storage, editing, and publication of their website content. CMSs are user-friendly; most include webbased publishing, search, navigation, and indexing to organize information; and they let

customers clicking advertiser’s links, when in factare there is nothe likelihood that any of the clicks will lead to profit f or the advertiser

between people.

users with little or no technical expertise make website changes.

Affiliate programs- allow a business to

generate commissions or referral fees when a customer visiting its website clicks a link to another merchant’s website.  Cyborg anthropologistis- an individual who

studies the interaction between humans and technology, observing how technology can shape humans’ lives  EBUSINESS TOOLS FOR CONNECTING AND COMMUNICATING COMMUNICATING   Email   Instant Messaging 

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Podcasting Videoconferencing Web Conferencing Content Management Systems

Email- short for electronic mail, is the

exchange of digital messages over the Internet Internet service provider (ISP) -is a company

that provides access to the Internet for a monthly fee

Web Real-Time Communications (WebRTC)-

is an open source project that seeks to embed real-time voice, text, and video communications capabilities in web browsers Podcasting- converts an audio broadcast to a

digital music player. Podcasts can increase marketing reach and build customer loyalty. Videoconference- allows people at two or

more locations to interact via two-way video and audio transmissions simultaneously as well as share documents, data, computer displays, and whiteboards   Point-to-point videoconferences  connect two people, and multipoint conferences connect more than two people at multiple locations

Web conferencing or a webinar- blends

videoconferencing with document sharing and allows the user to deliver a presentation over the web to a group of geographically dispersed participants Telepresence robot -is a remote-controlled,

wheeled device with a display to enable video chat and videoconferencing

Taxonomy -is the scientific classification of

organisms into groups based on similarities of structure or origin. Used for indexing the content on the website into categories and subcategories of topics THE CHALLENGES OF EBUSINESS 

Limited Market Segments   Identifying Managing Consumer Trust

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Ensuring Consumer Protection Adhering to Taxation Rules

WEB 2.0 Web 2.0 (or Business 2.0) -is the next generation of Internet use —a more mature,

distinctive communications platform characterized by new qualities such as collaboration, sharing, and free ADVANTAGES OF BUSINESS 2.0

  Content Sharing through Open

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Sourcing

  User-Contributed Content   Collaboration Inside the Organization   Collaboration Outside the

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Organization Open system- consists of nonproprietary

hardware and software based on publicly

 

known standards that allow third parties to create add-on products to plug into or interoperate with the system Source code- contains instructions written by a

programmer specifying the actions to be performed by computer software

way that provides context for effective decisions and actions. Primary objective of knowledge management is to be sure that a company’s knowledge of facts, sources of

information and solutions are readily available to all employees whenever it is needed

Social media- refers to websites that rely on

user participation and user-contributed content, such as Facebook, YouTube, and Digg. Social network -is an application that connects people by matching profile information.

Knowledge management system (KMS)  -

Social networking -is the practice of

licensed under exclusive legal right of the copyright holder

supports the capture, organization, and dissemination of knowledge (i.e., know-how) throughout an organization. KMS can distribute

Social networking analysis (SNA) -maps

Open source -refers to any software whose

an organization’s knowledge base by

source code is made available free (not on a fee or licensing basis as in ebusiness) for any third party to review and modify.

interconnecting people and digitally gathering their expertise

group contacts (personal and professional) identifying who knows each other and who works together

Explicit knowledge- consists of anything that

Social graphs- represent the interconnection

User-contributed content (or user-generated content)- is created and updated by many

can be documented, archived, and codified, often with the help of MIS

of relationships in a social network

Closed source -is any proprietary software

users for many users. Native advertising -is an online marketing concept in which the advertiser attempts to gain attention by providing content in the context of the user’s experience in terms of its content,

Tacit knowledge -is the knowledge contained in people’s heads.

Tags- are specific keywords or phrases incorporated into website content for means of classification or taxonomy

Crowdsourcing- which refers to the wisdom of

Social tagging -describes the collaborative

the crowd.

activity of marking shared online content with keywords or tags as a way to organize it for future navigation, filtering, or searching

format, style, or placemen

Crowdfunding- sources capital for a project by

Reputation system- One of the most popular

raising many small amounts from a large number of individuals, typically via the Internet.

forms of user-generated content, in which buyers post feedback on sellers.

Asynchronous communications-

Collaboration system -is a set of tools that

supports the work of teams or groups by facilitating the sharing and flow of information. Collective intelligence -is collaborating and

tapping into the core knowledge of all employees, partners, and customers. Knowledge management (KM)- which

involves capturing, classifying, evaluating, retrieving, and sharing information assets in a

expanding your business and/or social contacts by constructing a personal network

communication such as email, in which the message and the response do not occur at the same time. Synchronous communication-

communications that occur at the same time, such as IM or chat. NETWORKING COMMUNITIES WITH BUSINESS 2.0

Hashtag- is a keyword or phrase used to

identify a topic and is preceded by a hash or pound sign (#). Folksonomy- is similar to taxonomy t axonomy except

that crowdsourcing determines the tags or keyword-based classification system. Website bookmark -is a locally stored URL or

the address of a file or Internet I nternet page saved as a shortcut Social bookmarking -allows users to share,

organize, search, and manage bookmarks

 

BUSINESS 2.0 TOOLS FOR COLLABORATING

  Blogs   Wikis   Mashups

Mashup- is a website or web application that

uses content from more than one source to create a completely new product or service.

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Snackable content- is content that is designed to be easy for readers to consume and to share A blog, or web log - is an online journal that

allows users to post their own comments, graphics, and video. Let writers communicate— and readers respond—on a regular basis through a simple yet customizable interface that does not require any programming

Application programming interface (API)-

which is a set of routines, protocols, and tools for building software applications Mashup editors -are WYSIWYG, or what-you-

see-iswhat-you-get tools. They provide a visual interface to build a mashup, often allowing the user to drag and drop data points into a web application Ezine- is a magazine published only in

electronic form on a computer network. Flipboard -is a social-network aggregation,

Selfie- is a self-photograph placed on a social

media website. Microblogging- is the practice of sending brief

posts (140 to 200 characters) to a personal blog, either publicly or to a private g roup of subscribers who can read the posts as IMs or as text messages  Real simple syndication (RSS) - is a web

format used to publish frequently updated works, such as blogs, news headlines, audio, and video, in a standardized format Wiki- (the word is Hawaiian for “quick”) is a type of collaborative web page that allows users to add, remove, and change content, which can be easily organized and reorganized as required Network effect -describes how products in a

network increase in value to users as the number of users increases

magazine-format application software for multiple devices that collects content from social media and other websites, presents it in magazine format, and allows users to flip through the content. THE CHALLENGES OF BUSINESS 2.0

competitive advantages. Web 3.0 offers a way for people to describe information in ways that enable computers to understand the relationships among concepts and topics. WEB 3.0: DEFINING THE NEXT GENERATION OF ONLINE BUSINESS OPPORTUNITIES Deep web -sometimes called the invisible web,

is the large part of the Internet that is inaccessible to conventional search engines. Deep web content includes email messages, chat messages, private content on social media sites, electronic bank  statements, electronic  health records, and other content that is accessible over the Internet but is not crawled and indexed by search engines such as Google, Yahoo, or Bing. Dark web-is the portion of the Internet that is

intentionally hidden from search engines, uses masked IP addresses, and is accessible only with a special web browser.

  Technology Dependence   Information Vandalism

Semantic web -as a component of Web 3.0

  Violations of Copyright and

can understand Egovernment- involves the use of strategies and technologies to transform g overnment(s) by improving the delivery of services and enhancing the quality of interaction between the citizen-consumer and all branches of government.

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Plagiarism

WEB 3.0 Web 3.0 is based on intelligent web

applications using natural language processing, machine-based learning and reasoning, and intelligent applications. Web 3.0 is the next step in the evolution of the Internet and web applications. Business leaders who explore its opportunities will be the first to market with

that describes things in a way that computers