Abstract

 

ABSTRACT

This experiment is about to find the flow rate based on the pressure drop by us usin ing g flow flow mete meter. r. Besi Beside dess that that,, this this ex exper perim imen entt al also so sh show owss th thee opera operati tion on an and d charac cha racter terist istics ics of three three diffe differen rentt basic basic types types of flow flow meter meter.. The object objective ive of thi thiss experiment was to study the direct comparison of flow measurement and pressure drop  by using the venturi meter, orifice and rotameter with the assistance of a hydraulics Bench device.

Rotameter act as a controlling device for flow rate in this experiment. Rotameter  is the best device to measure flow rate among the venturi and the orifice meter. The  pressure drop against each device was indicated by the difference in water level reading of probes across the venturi and orifice respectively.

 

After the comparison, the venturi meter was found to be able to measure flow

rates with lower error percentage for each flow rate variation. The pressure drop for  orifice was also found to be greater if compare to venturi meter for each flow rate variation. As the conclusion, we can say that the venture meter measures flow rate with higher accuracy compared to the orifice. . The calculation show the percentage error for  the venturi meter is between 3.! to "#.$3! while the orifice reading deviates in the range of "".%! to to 3".&'!. (n the other hand, the percentage of error for rotameter is  between %.33! to "$.$#!

i

 

Table of contents Contents

Page

Abstract

i

)ist of Tables

iii

)ist of *igures

iii

 +omenclature

iv

". -ntroduction

"

'. Theory and or/ing 01uations

'

 

'." (rifice '.' 2enturi '.3 Rotameter

3. aterial and ethods

#

&. Res esu ult and 4iscus usssion

5

$. 6onclusion and Recommendation

"'

#. References

"3

Appendix A Appendix B

"& '

Appendix 6

3

ii

 

LIST OF TABLES Table Ta ble

&."."

Title

Page

7raph of 8ead loss versus 2elocity elocity for venturi meter and

"

orifice meter 9"st Trial: &.".'

7raph of 8ead loss versus 2elocity for venturi met eteer an and d

"

orifice meter 9'nd Trial: &.".3

7raph of 8ead loss versus 2elocity for venturi met eteer an and d

""

orifice meter 93rd Trial: A"."

Relationship between pressure head and flow rate

"&

for both venturi and orifice A".'

6omparison of percentage error for 2enturi eter and

"$

(rifice with Rotameter readings A".3

6omparison 6omparison of head loss and velocity velocity between between venturi venturi and orifice orifice "$

A'."

Relationship between pressure head and flow rate

"#

for both venturi and orifice A'.'

6omparison of percentage error for 2enturi eter and

"#

(rifice with Rotameter readings A'.3

6omparison 6omparison of head loss and velocity velocity between between venturi venturi and orifice orifice "

A3."

Relationship between pressure head and flow rate

"5

for both venturi and orifice A 3.'

6omparison of percentage error for 2enturi eter and

"%

(rifice with Rotameter readings A 3.3

6omparison 6omparison of head loss and velocity velocity between between venturi venturi and orifice orifice "%

iii

 

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure

Title

Page

 

6"

-nstallation drawing for *lowmeter 4emonstration Apparatus

3

 6  6' '

2enturi meter discharge coefficient

3"

 6  63 3

7raph of (rifice meter discharge coefficient

3'

iv

 

NOMENCLACTURE

;

pressure

2

velocity

<

discharge

6d

coefficient of discharge

A

area

=

density

7

gravitational acceleration

8

head loses

4

diameter

>

coefficient of losses

v