Abstract Bus Management

A Bus Management System Based on ZigBee and GSM/GPRS Nowadays, travel time information becomes a major component of Advanced Traveler Information System (ATIS) [1]. The travel time of buses varies depending on several external parameters such as traffic, snow and accidents. This makes the management of the bus schedule in the bus stations a difficult task. In this project a bus management system is developed. The system is developed based on the features of ZigBee, GSM/GPRS and a microcontroller unit, upon which the basic functions of the intelligent public transport management system is implemented , such as monitoring the time of bus arrival , departing from the bus station and reporting stations name automatically. This system can ensure punctuality of vehicles to run, improve the automation level of reporting stations and quality of public transport service. To solve the lateness problem we are trying to acquire the arrival as well as departure information of the travelling buses at their corresponding bus stations. Wireless technology is also in co-operated here through which long distance communication is made possible. . Project The proposed project contains the following units.

1. Station monitor placed in the monitoring centre 2. Wireless identifier 3. A bus server which keeps on the track of database of buses(purely software developed ) The electronic modules used here are: 1. XBee/XBee-PRO RF Modules :

i) Xbee end device ii) Xbee cordinator 2. ARM microcontroller:LPC2368 module 3. GSM/GPRS modem And finally the server with the database + Block diagram description Monitoring centre Main server Software(JAVA) + GSM/GPRS Station monitor 1 Microcontroller unit + Xbee coordinator+ GSM/GPRS unit

Station monitor 2 Microcontroller unit + Xbee coordinator+ GSM/GPRS unit

Wireless identifier Bus with xbee end point device

Wireless identifier Bus with xbee end point device

Block diagram of Station monitor The station monitor consist of 1. Microcontroller unit 2. Xbee coordinator module 3. GSM/GPRS module

Xbee coordinator

LPC2368 microcontroller

GSM/GPRS module

Real time clock

GPIO

UART 0 Xbee coordinat or

ARM7TDMIS

UART 1

TIMER

RESET BUTTON

GSM/GPRS MODULE MONITORING CENTRE/SERVE R

The wireless identifier & the station monitor comprises of Xbee module Of the Xbee module one is the Xbee coordinator which is residing in the station (station monitor) and the other is the XBee end device which is located in the bus(wireless identifier) 1. Wireless identifier This unit as stated above is powered from the bus & carries limited functionality, lowering the cost and complexity. The device contains just enough functionality to talk to its parent node i.e. the coordinator. ZigBee end device: When in the same network as a Coordinator - RF modules that rely on a Coordinator for synchronization and can be put into states of sleep for low-power applications. //The unit is written with a unique id 2. Station Monitor This unit is placed in platforms in bus stations. Station monitor comprises of this Xbee coordinator, an ARM microcontroller & GSM/GPRS unit.

a. Xbee coordinator : The coordinator is the most capable device that maintains the

overall network knowledge. It forms the root of the network tree and might bridge to other networks. It is the coordinator which tracks the bus and send the corresponding information to the bus server. b. ARM microcontroller : the controller used in the station is the ARM7TDMI family 32 bit microcontroller LPC2368 which offers high performance and very low power consumption. The ARM architecture is based on Reduced Instruction Set Computer (RISC) principle and results in a high instruction throughput and impressive real-time interrupt response from a small and cost-effective processor core. Pipeline techniques are employed so that all parts of the processing and memory systems can operate continuously. Typically, while one instruction is being executed, its successor is being decoded, and a third instruction is being fetched from memory. c. .GSM Modem: The GSM modem is the part responsible for communication i.e. here messaging purpose. GSM is a digital wireless network standard. It provides a common set of compatible services and capabilities to all GSM mobile users. The services and security features to subscribers are subscriber identity confidentiality, subscriber

identity

authentication,

user

data

confidentiality

on

physical

connections, connectionless user data confidentiality and signaling information element confidentiality.

The xbee cordinator is interfaced to the microcontroller through serial interface, the xbee information is extracted in the microcontroller, it is manipulated there in accordance with the format and the corresponding data i.e. the bus information & the station information is sent to the main server through the GSM/GPRS module.

3. The server This part is entirely software which can be developed using JAVA technology. This requires a database connection which can be ORACLE. The server also requires a GSM/GPRS connection, through which the data send by the station monitor is extracted, and corresponding round checking of infrmn: is done using the database. Then the next location of corresponding bus is obtained and the information is sent to the next location.