A STUDY ON THE IMPACT OF WELFARE FACILITIES AMONG THE TEA WORKERS

I. INTRODUCTION & RESEARCH DESIGN

1.1

Introduction All industries are made up of people and function through people,

without people no industries exist. The resources for men, material and machinery are collected, co-coordinated and utilized through people. Human resource by themselves fulfill the objectives of an industries, they need to be united into a team. it is through the combined effects of people that material and monetary resource are effectively utilized for the attainment of common objectives without unity of no industry can achieve its goal. According to Urwick. L.F., “Business houses are made broken in the long run not by market, capital, patents or equipment but by men” Of all the resource, manpower is the only resource, which does not depreciate with the passage of time. Hence it is the duty of every employer to safeguard the resource because without human resource no industrial unit can survive. In every industrial unit the human resource requires some basic facilities inside the premises to perform the job properly. These basic facilities are termed as welfare measures in the Factories act 1948. The need for adoption of welfare measures as a means to increase the workers productive efficiency, to keep up these moral and for the maintain of 1

industrial peace which has then realized by all section of the society. The main objectives of this provision are to provide basic welfare amenities to the workers, while working in the factories. Provision relating to welfare of the factory workers has been numbered in Section 42 to Section 50 of the factories act 1948. The welfare measures according to the Factories act 1948 are as follows 1. Washing facilities In every factory adequate and suitable facilities for washing shall be provided and maintained for the use of workers, Separate and adequately screened facilities shall be provided for the male and female workers. Such facilities shall be easily accessible and shall be kept clean. The state government may make rules prescribing adequate standard of facilities for washing. 2. Facilities for storing and drying In every factory facilities must be provided for the storage of clothing not worn during working hours and for the drying of wet clothing. 3. Facilities for sitting In every factory where workers are obliged to work in a standing position for suitable arrangements for sitting should be made so that such workers may take advantage often opportunity for rest which may occur in the course of their worker. The state government may, by notification 2

in the official gazette, grant an exemption from the above provision to any specified factory or classes or description of factories or to any specified manufacturing process. 4. First aid appliances The Act has made the provision for first aid appliances obligatory. Every factory must have first –aid boxes or cupboards equipped with the prescribed contents so as to be readily accessible during all working hours. In every factory where more then 500 workers are ordinarily employed there shall be provided and maintained an ambulance room of the prescribed size containing the prescribed equipment the ambulance rooms shall be in the charge of properly qualified nursing staff. These facilities shall be made readily available during the working hours of the factory. 5. Canteen Section 46 casts statutory duty on occupier of a factory, that is to say, the person who has the ultimate control of affairs of a factory to provide a canteen conforming to the rules which may be prescribed by the State Government. In every factory employing more than 250 workers the State Government is given the right to require such factories to maintain a canteen for the use of the workers.

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This section authorises the State Government to make rules in respect of canteens providing for (a)

The date by which the canteen shall be provided;

(b)

The standards in respect of construction, accommodation, furniture and other equipment of the canteen;

(c)

The foodstuffs to be served therein and the charges which may be made thereof;

(d)

the constitution of a managing committee for the canteen and representation of the workers in the management of a canteen;

(e)

the items of expenditure in the running of the canteen which are not to be taken into account in fixing the cost of the foodstuffs and which shall be borne by the employer;

(f)

The delegation to the Chief Inspector, of the power to make rules under clause (c).

Where less than 250 workers are employed in a factory, an obligation to set up a canteen would arise only if there is a settlement. 6. Shelters, rest rooms, and lunch rooms In every factory where more than 150 workers are employed, adequate and suitable shelter or rest rooms and a suitable lunch rooms shall be provided and maintained for the use of the workers. But there is not need to provide and maintain a lunch room, where any canteen is 4

maintained in accordance with the provisions of section 46. The section further provides that where a lunch room exists, no worker shall eat any food in the work room. Such shelters or rests rooms shall be sufficiently lighted and ventilated and shall be maintained in a cool and clean condition. 7. Creches In every factory wherein more than 30 women workers are ordinarily employed there shall be provided and maintained a suitable room or rooms for the use of children under the age of six years of such women.

These rooms are called creches.

Such rooms must have

adequate accommodation and shall be adequately lighted and ventilated. They shall be maintained in a clean and sanitary condition. Such rooms shall be under the charge of women trained in the care of children and infants. Suitable provision must be made in such crèches for washing and changing the clothing of the children and for the supply of free milk or refreshment of both. Facilities must be provided to, others to feed their children at necessary intervals. 8. Welfare Officers The main duty to look after the welfare of the workers lies on the welfare officer of a factory. As such in every factory wherein five hundred or more workers are ordinarily employed the occupier shall employ in the factory such number of welfare officers as may be 5

prescribed.

The State Government may prescribe the duties,

qualifications and conditions of service of such officers. 1.2 Objectives of the study The present study about the tea workers in Anally Senthil Tea Estate is undertaken with the following objectives • To review the factory’s profile • To evaluate the statutory welfare benefits extended to the workers in the factory • To identify whether there is any relationship between welfare benefits and demographical factors • To suggest the ways to improve workers welfare benefits. 1.3

Review of literature According to Mark Columbus, in his study “Welfare facilities

towards shoe makers in Chicago”, 1964 specifies that, Welfare measures is one of the most important factors for the overall wellbeing. Welfare measures will make the workers more contented in their job and therefore more productive. ►Space The employer should make sure that there is adequate space for all elements that have to inhabit the workspace eg. Employees,

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furniture, plant and goods that need storing etc. The volume of the room should allow at least 11 cubic meters per person but only up to a height of 3 meters (i.e. if you have extremely high ceilings this does not mean that you can allow for less 'width' per person). ►Washing facilities The employer should provide all cold and warm water into washbasins, soap and clean towels with at least one washbasin to five employees. Drinking water should also always be provided. If any substances that are harmful to the skin are used then showering facilities should also be provided. ►Sanitary facilities These should be provided in segregated areas for men and women and there should be some ventilated space between the toilets and the work area. ►Eating facilities If meals are regularly taken at the workplace then facilities should be provided for the eating of meals. Segregated areas for smokers and non-smokers should be provided.

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►Clothing There should be provision for the storage of outdoor clothing during working hours, which is secure and offers the opportunity to dry the clothing. Any protective clothing which is required for a job should have it's own storage area particularly if it is likely to be contaminated at any time. ►First Aid If more than four people work on the premises then the employer need to have a fully equipped first aid box on the premises. Although it is generally not compulsory for small firms to have a qualified first aider, unless there is a special risk on the premises, it is often a good idea to have someone on hand. An Official Accident Report Book must be kept on hand for employees to use; it is also a good idea to display useful telephone numbers eg. Local doctors, hospitals etc. in a prominent position for use in an emergency. 1.4 Scope of the study The various components of welfare facilities are washing storing, drying and clothing, sitting first aid appliances, canteen, shelters,

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restroom, lunch room, crèches, welfare offers, ventilation & temperature, drinking water, latrines & urinals, spittoons and lighting. The study is confined into the workers in different categories such as drivers, supervisor, permanent and temporary workers. 1.5 Need for the study Government has passed many acts to provide facilities to the workers in factories. This study evaluates the extend of welfare facilities available in Anally Senthil tea factory in vaalpharai. 1.6 Significance of the Study In the present industrial scenario, the basic aim of every organization is to achieve optimum production of high quality and earn adequate profits to survive in the field, in this context various welfare measures are undertaken so as to promote good industrial relations and create congenial atmosphere. The employers have to satisfy all the needs of employees to make better profits. Besides giving good wages, the welfare facilities given to them play a vital role in achieving their objectives. By providing good welfare facilities, the workers feel a better working condition. 1.7 Methodology This is an empirical study based on survey method. The data were collected from both primary & secondary sources.

9

♦ Primary data The major tool that has been used for collecting data in this study is an interview schedule. The schedule has been constructed with reverence to different aspects influencing the welfare facilities in the factory Accordingly the schedule has been designed to consist of two parts namely › Questions regarding personal data › Questions regarding welfare facilities In addition to the primary data collected through interview schedule the researcher has discussion with the supervisor, manager and promoter. This helped the researcher to collect more valuable information. ♦ Secondary data The secondary data has been collected from various records, files & registers from the factory and journals, pamphlets, internet etc… 1.8 Sampling design The boundary of this study is Anally Senthil Tea Factory, Vaalpharai. The Sample Size selected for the study is 50 units. Stratified Sampling Method was used for the selection of sample units. 1.9 Data processing

10

After completion of interview schedule the researcher edited the data collected. For further processing, the data have been entered in table with the help of master table; other calculations were carried out with the help of scientific calculator. 1.10Statistical tool for analysis The data collected were analyzed and interpreted with the help of tables and charts. Simple percentage analysis and Chi-square test was used for this purpose. X^2= Σ(O-E) ^2/E O= Observed frequency E=Expected frequency Degree of Freedom=(r-1)(c-1) 1.11 Period of the study Period of the study was 90 days i.e., from January 2007- March 2007. 1.12 Limitation of the study The researchers faced the following limitations while doing this study: (i)

Few of the respondents hesitated to give the correct information’s.

(ii)

Some of the respondents discussed among themselves before answering. 11

(iii)

Few respondents hesitated to give opinion about their management.

(iv)

The period of the study was limited.

(v)

The validity of the study depends up on the reliability of the primary data.

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II. COMPANY PROFILE This company (The Valparai Rubbers Anally Senthil Tea Estate (P) Ltd) was started in 1990. The company cultivation and operation is only tea, both harvest and manufacture following marketing. The company harvest annually 15, 00,000 kg of green tea leaves. The company produces tea at the rate of 23.8% on green leaf. This achieves a turn over of 3,50,000 kg of salable (made) tea per annum. The marketing is very effectively achieved by selling its product @ 60% in the local market and 40% through auction for export. In the local market the company is able to get an averages of Rs.80/- per kg by meeting the strange scenario in the competitive local market. The rest 40% of its product is sold through auctions which meant mainly for export by which the company is realizing an annual average of selling price @ 72/- per kg. As such the annual turn over of the company is Rs.2, 70,00,000/Due to the fluctuation in the export market the company is expecting an additional hike in its realization which may derive another 30,00,000/- to

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cover up of the turn over to the turn of 3 crore per annum. The company further expects considerable additional revenue due to the globalization. The company to achieve the above has employed 160 permanent labour tops that continuous employment is provided, and due to the seasonal and periodical requirement further engaged labour on casual basis. The workers are being paid Rs.75/- per day in addition to the incentive paid for the harvest over and above the base of 20kg per day per worker. The annual plucking per worker is 40kg per day. Accordingly the average wage paid to an individual worker is Rs.85/- for 300 day in a year. The worker is paid Bonus every year which may go upto 20%. The workers are eligible for the following statutory amenities. 1. Rent free quarters – maintained by the Management. 2. Water supply borne by management. 3. Free medical treatments for entire families. 4. Leave facility & Wages with way expenses. 5. 2/3 wages to the workers falling sick – upto 14 days per annum. 6. Maternity Benefit as per Rules – to Women workers. 7. Gratuity payment as per Statuary Rules – to Act. 8. P.F. and pensioner contributions as pet Act. 9. Crèche maintenance to the children of workers at the cost of

management. 14

10. Free tea to workers during working hours. 11. Warm clothing – subsidy as per Rules. 12. Free Uniforms to factory workers, Sanitary Worker and Skilled

Workers. 13. Workers are covered with insurance for any untoward incidents

during working hours. 14. Burial expense of the workers of meatless of their family met by

management if they die in the estate.

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III.

ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA

3.1 Introduction The data after collection has been processed and analysed by the researcher. Technically data processing includes editing the data, coding the data, classification of data and tabulation of data. The term analysis refers to the computation of certain measures searching for patents of relationship that exits. This is the process of analysis relationship are difference supporting or conflicting with hypothesis should subjected to statistical test of significance to determine its validity. In this present chapter the researchers have analysed the data, which was collected by means of interview schedule from the workers of Anally Senthil Tea Estate, Vaalpharai. Statistical tools used for analysis are simple percentage analysis method and Chi-square test. 3.2 Association between demographic factors and welfare facilities Chi-square analysis is used to test whether the demographic factors like age, qualification, gender, experience, service condition, monthly income of the respondents have significance influence over welfare measures. X2 = ∑(O-E) 2 E

O= Observed frequency 16

E=Expected frequency Degree of Freedom = (r-1) (c-1)

3.2.1 AGE Table3.1 AGE WISE DISTRIBUTION OF THE RESPONDENTS Age

No. of Respondents

% Basis

Below 25 yrs

-

-

25 - 35 yrs

18

36

35 - 45 yrs

22

44

Above 45 yrs

10

20

Total

50

100

Sources: Primary data

The researcher’s found out that most of the tea workers belongs to the age group between 35-45 i.e. 44 percentage, about 36 percentage of workers belong to the age group between 25-35 and 20 percentage of the respondents belong to the age above 45 years. Age wise distribution 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0

Below 25 yrs

25 - 35 yrs 35 - 45 yrs

Above 45 yrs % of respondents

17

Fig. 3.1

Table 3.2 ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN AGE AND SATISFACTION LEVEL TOWARDS VARIOUS WELFARE SCHEMES Age

Satisfaction level

% Basis

High

Low

Below 35 yrs

5

13

18

Above 35 yrs

11

21

32

Total

16

34

50

Sources: Primary data

HO1 – “Age of the respondents has no significant influence over the level of satisfaction towards welfare measures”

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Table 3.3 APPLICATION OF CHI SQUARE TEST BETWEEN AGE AND SATISFACTION LEVEL TOWARDS VARIOUS WELFARE SCHEMES O 5

E 16 X 18 = 2.88 100

(O-E)2 4.49

(O-E)2/E 1.55

11

16 X 32 = 5.12 100

34.57

6.75

13

34 X 18 = 6.12 100

47.33

7.73

21

34 X 32 = 6.12 100

102.41

9.41

Total Calculated Value Table Value -

25.45

25.44

3.841

Degree of freedom -

1

After analysis, the result reveals that the hypothesis is rejected as the table value is less than the calculated value, hence is can be concluded that there is significant influence of age over satisfaction level towards various welfare schemes.

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3.2.2 GENDER Table 3.4 GENDER WISE DISTRIBUTION OF THE RESPONDENTS Gender

No. of Respondents

% Basis

32

64

18

36

50

100

Male Female Total

Sources: Primary data

The above table shows that about 64 Percentage of workers are male and the remaining 36 percentage are females. Gender wise distribution

70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0

Male

Female

% of respondents

Fig. 3.2

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Table 3.5 ASSOCIATION BETWEEN GENDER AND SATISFACTION LEVEL TOWARDS VARIOUS WELFARE SCHEMES Gender Male Female Total

Satisfaction Level

Total

High

Low

11

21

32

5

13

18

16 34 Sources: Primary data

50

HO2 – “Gender of the respondents has no significant influence ever the level of satisfaction towards welfare schemes”

Table 3.6

21

APPLICATION OF CHI.SQUARE TEST BETWEEN GENDER AND SATISFACTION LEVEL REGARDING VARIOUS SCHEMES O 11

E 16 X 32 = 5.12 100

(O-E)2 34.57

(O-E)2/E 6.75

4.49

1.56

5

16 X 18 = 2.88 100

21

34 X 32 = 10.88 100

102.41

9.41

13

34 X 18 = 6.12 100

47.33

7.73

Total

25.45

Calculated Value Table Value -

-

25.45

3.841

Degree of freedom -

1

After analysis, the result reveals that the hypothesis is rejected as the table value is less than the calculated value, hence is can be concluded that there is significant influence of gender over satisfaction level towards various welfare schemes.

3.2.3 EDUCATION Table3.7 22

EDUCATIONAL QUALIFICATION Educational

No. of Respondents

% Basis

12

24

29 6 3 50

58 12 6 100

Qualification Primary Secondary Higher Secondary Graduate Post Graduate Technical Total

Sources: Primary data

The research’s found that most of the respondents have completed secondary i.e., 58 percentage and no one among 50 respondents have completed

their

post

graduate

and

Technical

courses.

Educational qualification

60 50 40 30 20 10 0

Primary

Secondary

% of respondent

Higher secondary

Graduate

P.G. & Technical

Fig. 3.3 Table3.8 ASSOCIATION BETWEEN EDUCATION AND SATISFACTION LEVEL TOWARDS VARIOUS WELFARE SCHEMES

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Gender

Satisfaction Level High Low 14 27 1 5 1 2 16 34

Secondary Higher Secondary Graduate & Technical Total

Total 41 6 3 50

Sources: Primary data

HO3 – “Qualification of the respondents have no significant influence over the level of satisfaction towards various welfare schemes”

Table3.9 APPLICATION OF CHI.SQUARE TEST BETWEEN EDUCATION AND SATISFACTION LEVEL TOWARDS VARIOUS WELFARE SCHEMES O

(O-E)2

E

24

(O-E)2/E

14 1 1 27 5 2

16 X 41 = 6.56 100 16 X 16 = 0.96 100 16 X 3 = 0.48 100 34 X 41 = 13.94 100 34 X 6 = 2.04 100 34 X 16 = 1.02 100

55.35

8.44

0.0016

0.0016

0.27

0.56

170.56

12.24

8.76

4.29

0.96

0.94

Total

26.47

Calculated Value Table Value -

26.47

5.991

Degree of freedom -

2

After analysis, the result reveals that the hypothesis is rejected as the table value is less than the calculated value, hence is can be concluded that there is significant influence of education over satisfaction level towards various welfare schemes.

III.2.4EXPERIENCE Table3.10 EXPERIENCE OF THE RESPONDENTS No. of Years Below 5 yrs 5 – 10 yrs 10 – 15 yrs Above 15 yrs

No. of Respondents 12 19 9 10 25

% Basis 24 38 18 20

Total

50

100

Sources: Primary data

The table shows that out of 50 respondents 38 percentage have experience between 5-10 years and 24 percentage have experience below 5 years and the remaining above 10 years. Experience of workers 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 Below 5 yrs

5 - 10 yrs 10 - 15 yrs % of respondents

Above 15 yrs

Fig. 3.4

Table3.11 ASSOCIATION BETWEEN EXPERIENCE AND SATISFACTION LEVEL TOWARDS VARIOUS WELFARE SCHEMES Experience Below 10 yrs Above 10 yrs Graduate & Technical

Satisfaction Level High Low 12 19 4 15 1 2 26

Total 31 19 3

Total

16

34

50

Sources: Primary data

HO4 – Experience of the respondents has no signified influence ever the level of satisfaction towards welfare schemes”

Table3.12 APPLICATION OF CHI.SQUARE TEST BETWEEN EXPERIENCE AND SATISFACTION LEVEL TOWARDS VARIOUS WELFARE SCHEMES O 12

E 16 X 31 = 4.96 100 16 X 19 = 3.04 100 34 x31 = 10.54 100 34 X 19 = 30.94 100

4 19 15 Total

(O-E)2 49.56

(O-E)2/E 9.99

0.92

0.304

71.57

6.79

254.08

8.21 25.3

27

Calculated Value Table Value -

-

25.3

3.841

Degree of freedom -

1

After analysis, the result reveals that the hypothesis is rejected as the table value is less than the calculated value, hence is can be concluded that there is significant influence of experience over satisfaction level towards various welfare schemes.

3.2.5 MONTHLY INCOME Table3.13 MONTHLY INCOME OF THE RESPONDENTS Monthly Income Below 1500 1500 - 2500 2500 - 3500 Above 3500 Total

No. of Respondents 0 45 2 3 50

% Basis 90 4 6 100

Sources: Primary data

The above table shows that most of respondents, are earning income between 1500 - 2500 i.e. 90 percentage.

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Income of workers

90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0

Below 1500 1500 - 2500 2500 - 3500 Above 3500 % of respondents Fig. 3.5

Table3.14 ASSOCIATION BETWEEN MONTHLY INCOME AND SATISFACTION LEVEL TOWARDS VARIOUS WELFARE SCHEMES Income Below 2500 2500 – 3500 Above 3500 Total

Satisfaction Level High Low 15 30 0 2 1 2 16 34

Total 45 2 3 50

Sources: Primary data

HO5 – “Income of the respondents have no significant influence over the level of satisfaction towards welfare schemes”

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Table3.15 APPLICATION OF CHI.SQUARE TEST BETWEEN INCOME AND SATISFACTION LEVEL TOWARDS VARIOUS WELFARE SCHEMES O 15

E 16 X 45 = 7.2 100 16 X 2 = 0.32 100 16 x3 = 0.48 100 34 X 45 = 15.3 100 34 X 2 = 0.68 100 34 X 3 = 1.02 100

0 1 30 2 2 Total

Calculated Value Table Value -

(O-E)2 60.84

(O-E)2/E 8.45

0.1024

0.32

0.2704

0.564

216.09

14.12

1.7424

2.56

0.9604

0.94 26.954

-

26.95

5.990 30

Degree of freedom -

2

After analysis, the result reveals that the hypothesis is rejected as the table value is less than the calculated value, hence is can be concluded that there is significant influence of income over satisfaction level towards various welfare schemes.

III.2.5WASHING FACILITIES Table3.16 TABLE SHOWING THE OVERALL SATISFACTION OF THE RESPONDENTS TOWARDS WASHING FACILITY Washing Highly Satisfied Satisfied Moderate Dissatisfied Highly dissatisfied Total

No. of Respondents 22 26 2 50

% Basis 44 52 4 100

Sources: Primary data

The researcher found out that 22 respondents i.e. 44% of the respondents are highly satisfied, 26 respondents i.e. 52% are satisfied,

60 50

Satisfactory level of respondents towards washing facilities

40 30 20 10 0

Highly satisfied

Satisfied

moderate Dissatisfied

31

% of respondents

Fig. 3.6

Highly dissatisfied

and 2 respondents i.e. 4% of the respondents moderately satisfied with the washing facility.

3.2.7 Drying & storing facilities Table3.17 TABLE SHOWING THE OVER ALL SATISFACTION OF THE RESPONDENTS TOWARDS DRYING AND STORING FACILITY Storing and drying Highly Satisfied Satisfied Moderate Dissatisfied Highly dissatisfied Total

No. of Respondents 9 33 7 1 50

% Basis 18 66 14 2 100

Sources: Primary data

The researcher found out that 9 respondents i.e. 18% of the respondents are highly satisfied, 33 respondents i.e. 66% are satisfied, 7 respondents i.e. 14% of the respondents moderately satisfied and 1 respondents i.e. 2% are dissatisfied with the drying and storing facility. Satisfactory level of respondents towards drying & storing facilities

70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0

Highly satisfied

Satisfied

moderate

Dissatisfied

% of respondents

Fig. 3.7 32

Highly dissatisfied

3.2.8 First aid appliances

Table 3.18 TABLE SHOWING THE OVER ALL SATISFACTION OF THE RESPONDENTS TOWARDS FIRST AID APPLIANCES No. of Respondents % Basis First aid appliance Highly Satisfied 11 22 Satisfied 21 42 Moderate 12 24 Dissatisfied 3 6 Highly dissatisfied 3 6 Total 50 100 Sources: Primary data The researcher found out that 11 respondents i.e. 22% of the respondents are highly satisfied, 21 respondents i.e. 42% are satisfied, 12 respondents i.e. 24% of the respondents moderately satisfied, 3 respondents i.e. 6% are dissatisfied, 3 respondents i.e. 6% are highly dissatisfied with the first aid appliances. Satisfactory level of respondents towards first aid appliances 50 40 30 20 10 0 Highly satisfied

Satisfied

moderate

Dissatisfied

% of respondents

Fig 3.8

3.2.9. Medical facilities Table3.19 33

Highly dissatisfied

TABLE SHOWING THE OVER ALL SATISFACTION OF THE RESPONDENTS TOWARDS MEDICAL FACILITIES Medical Facility Highly Satisfied Satisfied Moderate Dissatisfied Highly dissatisfied Total

No. of Respondents 15 31 4 50 Sources: Primary data

% Basis 30 62 8 100

The researcher found out that 15 respondents i.e. 30% of the respondents are highly satisfied, 31 respondents i.e. 62% are satisfied, 4 respondents i.e. 8% of the respondents moderately satisfied with the medical facilities. Satisfactory level of respondents towards medical facilities 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0

Highly satisfied

Satisfied

moderate

Dissatisfied

% of respondents

Highly dissatisfied

Fig. 3.9 3.2.10 Canteen facilities Table3.20 TABLE SHOWING THE OVER ALL SATISFACTION OF THE RESPONDENTS TOWARDS CANTEEN FACILITIES Canteen Highly Satisfied Satisfied

No. of Respondents 1 6

34

% Basis 2 12

Moderate Dissatisfied Highly dissatisfied Total

1 23 19 50 Sources: Primary data

2 46 38 100

The researcher found out that 1 respondent i.e. 2% of the respondents are highly satisfied, 6 respondents i.e. 12% are satisfied, 1 respondents i.e. 2% of the respondents moderately satisfied, 23 respondents i.e. 46% are dissatisfied, 19 respondents i.e. 38% are highly dissatisfied with the canteen facilities. Satisfactory level of respondents towards canteen facilities 50 40 30 20 10 0

Highly satisfied

Satisfied

moderate

Dissatisfied

% of respondents

Highly dissatisfied

Fig. 3.10

3.2.11 Rest room facilities

Table3.21 TABLE SHOWING THE OVER ALL SATISFACTION OF THE RESPONDENTS TOWARDS REST ROOM FACILITIES Rest Room Highly Satisfied Satisfied Moderate Dissatisfied Highly dissatisfied

No. of Respondents 6 24 8 10 2

35

% Basis 12 48 16 20 4

Total

50

100

Sources: Primary data

The researcher found out that 6 respondents i.e. 12% of the respondents are highly satisfied, 24 respondents i.e. 48% are satisfied, 8 respondents i.e. 16% of the respondents moderately satisfied, 10 respondents i.e. 20% are dissatisfied, 2 respondents i.e. 4% are highly dissatisfied with the rest room facilities available in the Anally senthil tea factory.

Satisfactory level of respondents towards rest room facilities 50 40 30 20 10 0

Highly satisfied

Satisfied

moderate

Dissatisfied

% of respondents

Highly dissatisfied

Fig 3.11

3.2.12 Baby care centre

Table3.22 TABLE SHOWING THE OVER ALL SATISFACTION OF THE RESPONDENTS TOWARDS BABY CARE CENTRE Baby Center No. of Respondents % Basis Highly Satisfied 12 24 Satisfied 27 54 Moderate 7 14 Dissatisfied 3 6 Highly dissatisfied 1 2 Total 50 100 Sources: Primary data

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The researcher found out that 12 respondents i.e. 24% of the respondents are highly satisfied, 27 respondents i.e. 54% are satisfied, 7 respondents i.e. 14% of the respondents moderately satisfied, 3 respondents i.e. 6% are dissatisfied, 1 respondent i.e. 2% are highly dissatisfied with the baby care centers. Satisfactory level of respondents towards baby care centers 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 Highly satisfied

Satisfied

moderate

Dissatisfied

% of respondents

Highly dissatisfied

Fig. 3.12

3.2.13 Ventilation & Lighting facilities Table3.23 TABLE SHOWING THE OVER ALL SATISFACTION OF THE RESPONDENTS TOWARDS VENTILATION & LIGHTING FACILITIES Ventilation & No. of Respondents % Basis Lighting Highly Satisfied Satisfied Moderate Dissatisfied Highly dissatisfied Total

16 27 6 1 50 Sources: Primary data

37

32 54 12 2 100

The researcher found out that 16 respondents i.e. 32% of the respondents are highly satisfied, 27 respondents i.e. 54% are satisfied, 6 respondents i.e. 12% of the respondents moderately satisfied with the ventilation & lighting facilities. Satisfactory level of respondents towards ventilation & lighting facilities 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 Highly satisfied

Satisfied

moderate Dissatisfied % of respondents

Highly dissatisfied

Fig. 3.13

3.2.14 Sanitation facilities Table3.24 TABLE SHOWING THE OVER ALL SATISFACTION OF THE RESPONDENTS TOWARDS SANITATION FACILITIES Sanitation Highly Satisfied Satisfied Moderate Dissatisfied Highly dissatisfied Total

No. of Respondents 12 30 6 2 50 Sources: Primary data

% Basis 24 60 12 4 100

The researcher found out that 12 respondents i.e. 24% of the respondents are highly satisfied, 30 respondents i.e. 60% are satisfied, 6

Satisfactory level of respondents towards sanitation facilities 38

respondents i.e. 12% of the respondents moderately satisfied, 2 respondents i.e. 4% are dissatisfied with the sanitation facilities.

60 50 40 30 20 10 0

Highly satisfied

Satisfied

moderate

Dissatisfied

% of respondents

Highly dissatisfied

Fig. 3.14 3.2.15 Recreational facilities Table3.25 TABLE SHOWING THE OVER ALL SATISFACTION OF THE RESPONDENTS TOWARDS RECREATIONAL FACILITIES Recreational No. of Respondents % Basis Highly Satisfied 8 16 Satisfied 30 60 Moderate 11 22 Dissatisfied 1 2 Highly dissatisfied Total 50 100 Sources: Primary data The researcher found out that 8 respondents i.e. 16% of the respondents are highly satisfied, 30 respondents i.e. 60% are satisfied, 11 respondents i.e. 22% of the respondents moderately satisfied, 1 respondents i.e. 2% are dissatisfied with the recreational facilities.

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Satisfactory level of respondents towards recreational facilities 60 50 40 30 20 10 0

Highly satisfied

Satisfied

moderate

Dissatisfied

% of respondents

Highly dissatisfied

Fig. 3.14

Table3.26 TABLE SHOWING THE OVERALL JOB SATISFACTION Job Highly Satisfied Satisfied Moderate Dissatisfied Highly dissatisfied Total

No. of Respondents 13 35 12 50 Sources: Primary data

% Basis 26 70 24 100

The researcher found out that 13 respondents i.e. 26% of the respondents are highly satisfied, 35 respondents i.e. 70% are satisfied, and 12 respondents i.e. 24% of the respondents moderately satisfied with the job in the Anally senthil tea factory. Job satisfactory level

40

70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 Highly satisfied

Satisfied

moderate

Dissatisfied

Highly dissatisfied

% of respondents

Fig. 3.15 3.27 TABLE SHOWING THE OVER ALL SATISFACTION OF THE RESPONDENTS TOWARDS VARIOUS FRINGE BENEFITS

Particular

H.S

S

M

D.S

H.D

NR

%

NR

%

NR

%

NR

%

NR

%

Medical leave with Pay

30

60

19

38

1

2

-

-

-

-

Medical leave with pay

18

36

28

56

4

8

-

-

-

-

21

42

17

34

12

24

-

-

-

-

Leave with pay

22

44

18

36

10

20

-

-

-

-

Paid holidays

19

38

24

48

6

12

1

2

-

-

Bonus for quality and allowance

41

Employee Counseling

1

2

8

16

13

26

28

56

-

-

Provident Fund

17

34

22

44

10

20

1

2

-

-

Parties and Picnics

3

6

20

40

22

44

5

10

-

-

Insurance Coverage

23

46

25

50

2

4

-

-

-

-

IV SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, SUGGESTION & CONCLUSION 4.1 Finding • The researchers found out that 44 percentage of the respondents working in the tea processing industries are between the age group of 35-45 yrs. • It was found that 64 percentage of the workers in the tea processing industries are male. • The researchers found out that 58 percentage of the workers have completed that secondary level of education. • About 38 percentage of the workers working in the tea processing industries are having experience between 5-10 yrs. • It was found out that 90 percentage of tea workers are earning income between 1500-2500 per month.

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• The researchers found out that 52 percentage of the workers are satisfied with the washing facility provided by the factory. • Majority of the workers (i.e., 66%) are satisfied with the storing and drying facilities given by the factory. • Most of the respondents (i.e., 62%) feel that they are satisfied with the first aid appliances provided by the factory. • The researchers found out that 62 percentage of the respondents are satisfied with the medical facilities. • The researchers found out that majority of the respondents (i.e., 46 percentage) are not satisfied with the canteen facilities provided by the factory. • Most of the respondents (i.e., 48 percentage) feel that they are satisfied with the rest room facilities available in the factory. • It was found that 54 percentage of the respondents feel that they are not satisfied with the baby take care centre. • The researcher found out that 54 percentage of the respondents feel that they are satisfied with the ventilation and lighting facilities. • Most of the respondents (i.e.,) 60 percentage feel that they are satisfied with the sanitation facility. • The researcher found out that 60 percentage of the respondents are satisfied with the recreational facilities.

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• The researcher found out that 70 percentage of the respondents are satisfied with their job.

4.2 SUGGESTIONS This study reveals that the workers are almost satisfied with many aspects in their job, except some factors. The following are some of the positive suggestion, suggested by the researchers. i)

As the study shows that most of the workers were not satisfied with the canteen facilities.

So canteen facilities should be

established for the workers. ii)

Good transport facility should be made so that the workers can be properly carried to working area.

iii)

A better income can be provided to the workers. So that the worker can be motivated.

iv)

An employee-counseling centre can be established in the factory to make the worker work free without any tension.

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4.3 CONCLUSION The Project report entitled “A study on the impact of welfare facilities among the tea workers in Anally Senthil Tea Estate Pvt. Ltd., Vaalpharai” repeals that the workers are satisfied with the welfare measure provided to them in the factory. The Finding and suggestion given by the researchers will definitely help them to improve the welfare measure towards their workers. The researchers present this study with a full hope that it will draw the attention of future researchers who may pursue research on the various issues given below. a) A study on absenteeism among tea workers in vaalpharai.

b) A Study on job satisfaction of tea workers in estate. For undertaking research on the above topics the future researchers can draw inspiration from the present study.

45

BIBILIOGRAPHY  B. Mamoria and S-V Gaukar, Perssonal Management Himalaya Publishers,

New Delhi, 2001, Page No: 811.

 Edwin B. Flippo, Personal Management, Tata MC Graw – Hill book company, New Delhi, 6th Eddition. 

S.S. Khanka, Human Resource Management, S. Chand & Company Ltd, New Delhi, 2007, Page No 231 to 235.

 E. Venkatesam, handbook of Mercantile Law, KLJ Piblication, Madras 1975, Page No 274 to 235.  S. Kothari, Resource Methodology, Himalaya Publication New Delhi, P. No. 620 – 640.  V.V. Bellur, Research : Theory and Practices Himalaya Publishing house, Delhi, 1987. P. No. 237 – 270.  D.P. Jain, Industrial and Labour Laws, Konark Publishers Private Ltd, Delhi, 1996, P. No. 15 to 20.  P.P.S. Gogna, A text book of Labour Law. S. Chand and Company Ltd, Delhi, 1999, P. No. 560 – 571.

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 P.C. Tulsan, Business Law, Tata Mc Graw – Hill Publish Company Ltd, New Delhi, 2 nd Editien, P. No.

A Study on the impact of welfare facilities available to the tea workers in anally Senthil Tea Estate Pvt. Ltd, vaalpharai (Interview Schedule) 1. Name (optional)

:

2. Age Below 25 yrs 35 –45 yrs 3. Educational qualification Primary Graduate

25 – 35 yrs Above 45 yrs Secondary

Higher Sec.

Postgraduate

Technical

4. Gender Male 5. Marital Status Married

Female Unmarried

6. Experience Below 5 yrs

5 – 10 yrs

47

Below 10 yrs

10 – 15 yrs 7. Department : 8. Position

Above 15 yrs

Above 10 yrs

:

9. Service conditions Permanent

Temporary

10. Monthly Income Below 1500

1500 – 2500

Below 2500

2500 – 3500

Above 3500

Above 3500

11. Are you satisfied with the washing facilities available in your premises? Highly Satisfied Satisfied Moderate Dissatisfied Highly Dissatisfied 12. Are you satisfied with the storing and drying facilities available in your factory? Highly satisfied Satisfied Moderate Dissatisfied

Highly Dissatisfied

13. Are you satisfied with the first aid appliances in your premises? Highly satisfied

Satisfied

Dissatisfied

Highly Dissatisfied

Moderate

14. Are you satisfied with the medical facilities rendered to you by the factory? Highly satisfied Satisfied Moderate Dissatisfied

Highly Dissatisfied

15.Are you given free medical check –up regularly ? Yes No If yes , please mention the duration Weekly

Monthly

48

Quarterly

Half yearly

16. Are you satisfied with the canteen facilities available in your factory? Highly satisfied Satisfied Moderate Dissatisfied

Highly Dissatisfied

17. Do you think that the food provided by your canteen is at reasonable price? Yes

No

18. Is the food supplied at the right time, without interpreting your work? Yes No 19. Do you have rest room- (separate for men & women) in your factory? Yes No 20. Are you satisfied with the rest room available? Highly satisfied Satisfied Dissatisfied

Moderate

Highly Dissatisfied

21. Are you satisfied with the Baby care center in your factory? Highly satisfied

Satisfied

Dissatisfied

Moderate

Highly Dissatisfied

22. Are you satisfied with the ventilation and lighting facilities provided in your factory? Highly satisfied Dissatisfied

Satisfied

Moderate

Highly Dissatisfied

23. Do you get pure drinking water inside your factory premises? Yes No 24. Are you satisfied with the sanitation facilities provided in your factory?

49

Highly satisfied

Satisfied

Moderate

Dissatisfied Highly Dissatisfied 25. Do you have proper spittoons inside your factory? Yes No 26. Do you have enough facility to dispose off waste? Yes No

27. Are you satisfied with the recreational facilities provided in your factory? Highly satisfied Satisfied Moderate Dissatisfied

Highly Dissatisfied

28. List of fringe benefits: Highly Benefits

Satisfie

Satisfied

Moderate

d Overtime Pay Medical Leave with pay Bonus for quality and attendance Leave with Pay Paid holidays Employee counseling Provident fund

50

Dissatisfied

Highly Dissatisfied

Parties and picnics Insurance coverage

29. Do you think that your factory’s welfare officer visits the factory premises regularly? Yes No 30. Your overall opinion towards your job Highly satisfied Dissatisfied

Satisfied

Moderate

Highly Dissatisfied

31. Mention your satisfaction level regarding the various welfare schemes High Medium Low 32. Your suggestion towards the welfare measures in your factory. ………………………………………………… ………………………………………………… ………………………………………………… THANK YOU

51