A Presentation On Geology of Chhattisgarh

 

By –  Nishith Verma  & Group IVth  Semester, Mining  NIT Raipur 

 

• Chhattisgarh – An attractive Mines Destination.   Destination. • Minerals of Chhattisgarh.  Chhattisgarh. 

Chhattisgarh.   • Mineral Map of Chhattisgarh. • Important Mineral Resources of  Chhattisgarh.   Chhattisgarh. • Geology of Chhattisgarh. Chhattisgarh.   • Geol ogical ogical Environment. Environment.   –  Archeans.  Archeans.   cs.  – Proterozoi cs.  – Mesozoics.  Mesozoics.  – Cenozoics. Cenozoics.  

 

• Centrally located with high   mineral and industrial potential. potential. •  Well rail and  road connected transport. by air, rail • Low population density (~150  persons/km 2), no dearth of land. • Sufficient power generation. • Large number of mineral-based  industries. •  policies. User-friendly government 

 

• Occurrences of 28 major minerals are known in Chhattisgarh along   with a number of other minerals occurring in traces. • Many mineral deposits have been evaluated and are being mined. • St Stat ate’ e’ss m min iner eral al res resou ourc rces es in incl clud ude: e: – Bulk minerals like iron ore, coal, limestone, dolomite, bauxite,

 graphite, quartzite, etc. – High value minerals like cassiterite, diamond, corundum &  other gemstones, precious, base and rare metals/elements, etc.

 

• 28 minerals are known all  over the state, important ones being  – Coal. – Iron ore. – Bauxite. – – – –

Limestone. Dolomite. Tin ore. Diamond.

– Corundum.

 

 

• Geological Formations: –  Archean Formations :

(>2500 60,000 Ma) km 2.occupy ~

• Proterozoic Formations: (2500-570 Ma) occupy ~

 53,000 km 2. – Mesozoic Formations : occupy ~ 19000 km 2. – Cenozoic Formations : occupy ~ 3,000 km 2.

 

• Lithological sequence ranging from Archean to Recent is available in Chhattisgarh  • Central India Shear trending E-W divides the State into two  parts, Satpura Province in north and Bastar Province in south  • Bastar Province comprises Archean gneissic complex, Bengpals, Bailadila Group, Sonakhan Group, Chhattisgarh, Indravati  Group, etc. • Satpura Province comprises granite gneisses and metamorphic rocks, Gondwana sequence, Deccan trap, etc.

 

• Chhattisgarh owns the oldest rock in the Indian Peninsula (3700 Ma). •  Archean rocks are older than 2500 Ma in age and are represented  by wide spread cratonic blocks, occupying ~60,000 km 2. • Chhattisgarh has observed all the orogenic, metallogenic and 

 minealogenic epochs activated during various periods. • These are host rock for circulating mineralizing solutions / magma  and also forming basements for the sedimentary basins.

 

•  World over, largest number of mineral deposits (90%) are hosted by Proterozoic rocks. • These rocks range from 2500 to 570 Ma in age occupying ~53,000 km 2 (40%) land  in the State. • Most of the bulk and high value mineral deposits are associated to these rocks in  Chhattisgarh like iron ore, limestone, dolomite, diamond, gold, etc. •  platforms Mafic and which ultramafic rocks are widely occurring as intrusive in the ancient Archean  include diamondiferous kimberlite. • Quartz veins with gold and base metal mineralization, mineral ization, LCT class and Alexandrite containing pegmatites are found in these age. The sedimentary basins contain bulk 

 mineral deposits.

 

• Major coal deposits are confined to Gondwana Formations in the world,  named after the “Gond” tribes tribes of Central India.  • These rift controlled rocks are widely occurring in the north n orth and north2

eastern parts of Chhattisgarh occupying ~19,000 km  in the state. • Gondwana coals of Chhattisgarh are mostly of power grade with 

 medium carbon content.

 

• Cenozoic era includes rocks of basaltic flows and sub-recent sub -recent to recent  2

 period ranging up to 65 Ma in age and occupies ~ 33000 000 km  in the state. • These rocks form plateau and cap over older formations, which are  mostly exposed in the northern northern parts of the sta state. te. • Important bauxite deposits are confined to this formation. • Laterite is widely developed in various parts of the state.

 

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