Laponite Technical Bulletin
L/301/01
Applications for Laponite in surface coatings decorative and architectural finishes for DIY and professional use textured coatings water-in-water multicolour paint automotive OEM and refinish
Laponite starting formulations
Formulary for water based surface coatings
clearcoats and varnishes exterior and interior woodstains protective coatings for structural steel artist's and children's paints
For more information, consult The Laponite Te chnical Directory available from
Rockwood or your local distributor
Rockwood Additives Limited Moorfield Road Widnes Cheshire WA8 0JU, UK
+44 (0) 151 495 2222 fax: +44 ( 0) 151 420 5129
e-mail:
[email protected] Web site: www.laponite.c om
Laponite is a registered trademark of Ro ckwood Specialtie s Inc. All infor mation he re is given in good faith b ut without warranty o r guarantee of any kind whats oever , wh ether implied or expressed. Freedom from patent rights must not be assumed. This leafle t does not form part of the condit ions of sale, is of a general nature and s hou ld not be used as t he basis of a s pecificat io n.
1.
Introduction Laponite is a synthetic layered silicate with a structure resembling that of the natural clay mineral, hectorite. It is used as a cost effective and highly thixotropic rheological additive in a wide range of surface coatings. Starter formulations have been developed both in-house by Laporte and also by other raw material suppliers, which demonstrate the versatile performance characteristics of Laponite. A wide range of examples are shown in this formulary. In addition to its use in surface coatings, Laponite also finds applications in personal care, cosmetic and household products. As a synthetic product manufactured by a controlled batch process, product consistency is excellent and Laponite is completely free of crystalline silica impurities found in naturally occurring clays.
2.
Benefits of Laponite in surface coatings Laponite disperses easily and quickly in water to give clear, colourless gels or sols without the need for wetting or neutralizing agents or high shear mixing. The viscosity or structure imparted to a formulation depends upon both the level of Laponite added (typically 0.1-1.0%) and also upon other components in the formulation. Key properties demonstrated by surface coatings stabilized with Laponite: • • • • • •
3.
highly shear thinning, thixotropic rheology excellent suspension and syneresis control does not affect gloss at normal use levels viscosity build not destroyed by heat or prolonged high shear resistant to microbial attack stability from pH 3 to pH 13
Summary of application areas Laponite is already used in: • • • • • • • • •
decorative and architectural finishes for DIY and professional use textured coatings water-in-water multicolour paint automotive OEM and refinish clearcoats and varnishes exterior and interior woodstains protective coatings for structural steel artist's and children's paints printing inks
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4.
Laponite grades and mode of addition Two grades of Laponite are recommended for use in surface coatings: Laponite RD - a rapidly dispersing gel forming grade which should be added to water at the beginning of the formulation and allowed to fully hydrate before addition of other ingredients. In this way it is handled in a similar manner to many other thickeners for water based systems. Laponite RDS - a rapidly dispersing sol forming grade which can be made into a concentrated stock dispersion (up to 10% solids) of low viscosity. Laponite RDS is modified to delay its gelling properties until it is added as a dispersion into a formulated product. The unique sol forming properties of Laponite RDS allow it to be used as a post-additive or corrective thickener and also in free water lean formulations. The stock dispersion may be prepared in advance and then added to successive production batches. Both Laponite RD and Laponite RDS should be pre-dispersed in water and allowed to fully hydrate to form clear dispersions before use.
Example recommended dispersion and hydration times (20qC) Concentration in premix
Dispersion and hydration time
2 10
15 minutes 40 minutes
Laponite RD Laponite RDS
Laponite disperses readily in tap water at ambient temperature; at elevated temperatures, up to 60qC, the rate of hydration is greatly increased. The use of high shear mixing is not required to disperse Laponite.
5.
Compatibility Laponite is compatible with a wide range of resin types, glycol ethers, alcohols, commonly used biocides, hydroxides and sodium hypochlorite. It may often be used with great effectiveness with other thickeners for water based systems, for example cellulose ethers, Xanthan gum, polyacrylates, polyurethanes etc.. In some combinations of thickeners synergistic interactions with Laponite give greatly improved efficiency and cost effectiveness. Laponite will assist in the emulsification of silicone or mineral oils in water by increasing the low shear viscosity of the aqueous phase. It is compatible with non-ionic and anionic and some amphoteric surfactants. Laponite itself is a highly anionic material and will co-flocculate cationic compounds giving greatly reduced viscosity build.
6.
Regulatory status •
TSCA listing under the CAS name sodium magnesium lithium silicate. CAS No. 53320-86-8.
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Index of Formulations
Interior decorative coatings Formulation Ref ID/1 ID/2 ID/3 ID/4 ID/5 ID/6 ID/7 ID/8 ID/9
Page Smooth masonry paint Textured masonry paint Contract vinyl matt First quality vinyl silk Coalescent free paint for new plaster Solid paint Interior float coating Silicate based emulsion paint Multicolour paint
1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5
Exterior decorative coatings Formulation Ref ED/1 ED/2 ED/3 ED/4 ED/5 ED/6
Water based paint Silicone based coating Exterior round aggregate Exterior floating 'One-coat' wall coating Water reducible white brushing enamel
7 7 8 8 9 10
Interior/exterior gloss paint Paint for door application - brush Paint for door application - roller Industrial clear wood coating for spray Water reducible wood stain Clear coat finish for interior wood Water based wiping stain Wood stain - brown Wood stain - reddish brown
11 11 12 12 13 13 14 15 15
Coatings for wood Formulation Ref CW/1 CW/2 CW/3 CW/4 CW/5 CW/6 CW/7 CW/8 CW/9
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Industrial and Protective coatings Formulation Ref IC/1 IC/2 IC/3 IC/4 IC/5 IC/6 IC/7 IC/8 IC/9 IC/10 IC/11 IC/12 IC/13 IC/14 IC/15
Page Rust conversion coating Anticorrosive primer High build finishing paint Satin gloss corrosion resistant finish Non leafing metallic paint Anticondensation paint - 1 Anticondensation paint - 2 Anticorrosion primer (dip or spray) Inorganic zinc primer Spray paint - high gloss Industrial dipping paint Finishing paint Brush application paint - high gloss Stoving enamel Two-pack finishing paint
16 16 17 17 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23
Screen ink for wallpaper Screen ink for textiles Metallic screen ink for textiles Gravure bright silver (non leafing) Gravure bright silver (leafing) Gravure rich gold Flexographic bronze rich gold Gravure bronze rich gold Flexographic bronze rich gold Pearl lustre gold Pearl lustre silver Gravure ink based on aluminium pigment
24 24 25 25 25 26 26 26 26 27 27 28
Printing Inks Formulation Ref PI/1 PI/2 PI/3 PI/4 PI/5 PI/6 PI/7 PI/8 PI/9 PI/10 PI/11 PI/12
Guide to raw material suppliers for ink formulations
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29
Formulation ID/1 Order of addition water Natrosol Plus Laponite RD
Smooth Masonry Paint % weight
Volume
15.00 0.24 0.45
15.00 0.24 0.45
0.25 0.10 0.15 0.40 20.00 3.00 3.00 6.00
0.21 0.11 0.13 0.31 4.76 1.11 1.11 2.07
Premix @ 600 rpm for 15 minutes Dispex G40 CF 107 Acticide BX Acticide EP Paste TiONa 535 Speswhite clay Snowcal 60 Microtalc AT 200
Disperse at high shear for 20 minutes, then add stepwise with slow speed mixing: Vinamul 3459 CF 107 Texanol water pH adjustment (0.91 Ammonia)
28.00 0.10 0.20 22.86 0.25
26.17 0.11 0.21 22.86 0.27
Total
100.00
75.12
Non-volatile content by weight = 48.09% Non-volatile content by volume = 30.79% pH = 8.20 @ 20qC SG = 1.33 @ 20qC PVC = 40%
ICI Rotothinner viscosity = 10.5P ICI Gel Strength = 45 gm/cm Stormer Viscosity = 112 KU
Formulation ID/2 Order of addition water Natrosol Plus Laponite RD
Textured Masonry Paint % weight
Volume
12.00 0.25 0.25
12.00 0.25 0.25
0.30 0.10 0.15 0.40 15.00 15.00 5.00 3.00
0.25 0.11 0.13 0.31 3.57 5.26 1.75 1.11
Premix @ 600 rpm for 15 minutes Dispex G40 Bevaloid 6685 Acticide BX Acticide EP Paste TiONa 535 Microdol 1 Microdol 40/200 Durcal 40
Disperse at high shear for 20 minutes, then add stepwise with slow speed mixing: Vinamul 3459 Bevaloid 6685 Texanol water pH adjustment (0.91 Ammonia)
33.00 0.10 1.50 13.70 0.25
30.84 0.11 1.58 13.70 0.27
Total
100.00
71.49
Non-volatile content by weight = 56.65% ICI Rotothinner viscosity = 8.5P Non-volatile content by volume = 39.12% ICI Gel Strength = 27 gm/cm pH = 8.5 @ 20qC Stormer Viscosity = 102 KU SG = 1.4 @ 20qC PVC = 42%
1
Formulation ID/3
Contract Vinyl Matt
Order of addition
% weight
Volume
water Natrosol Plus 330
18.00 0.35
18.00 0.35
0.25 0.05 0.15 12.00 12.00 6.00 10.00
0.22 0.05 0.13 3.33 4.21 10.34 3.70
Premix @ 600 rpm for 15 minutes Dispex G40 CF 107 Acticide BX TiONa 376 Microdol AT Extra Talc 262840/200 Speswhite clay
Disperse at high shear for 20 minutes, then add stepwise with slow speed mixing: Harco VV 575 CF 107 Texanol 10% Laponite RDS water pH adjustment (0.91 Ammonia)
12.00 0.05 1.00 2.00 25.95 0.20
11.11 0.05 1.05 2.00 25.95 0.22
Total
100.00
80.71
Non-volatile content by weight = 47.15% Non-volatile content by volume = 34.53% pH = 8.6 @ 20qC SG = 1.24 @ 20qC PVC = 79%
ICI Rotothinner viscosity = 7P ICI Gel Strength = 12 gm/cm Stormer Viscosity = 89 KU
Formulation ID/4 Order of addition water Laponite RD 9H4 CMC
First Quality Vinyl Silk % weight
Volume
20.00 0.15 0.23
20.00 0.15 0.23
0.53 0.10 0.21 18.17 2.14
0.45 0.11 0.20 4.33 0.79
Premix @ 600 rpm for 15 minutes Dispex G40 Henkel 8034 Mergal K6N TiONa 535 Snowcal 60
Disperse at high shear for 20 minutes, then add stepwise with slow speed mixing: Viking 2920 Coatex 2000 Henkel 8034 Ropaque OP62 Texanol water pH adjustment (0.91 Ammonia)
37.40 0.32 0.10 5.34 1.00 14.01 0.30
34.95 0.30 0.11 5.04 1.05 14.12 0.33
Total
100.00
82.05
Non-volatile content by weight = 42.86% Non-volatile content by volume = 30.51% pH = 8.5 @ 20qC SG = 1.22 @ 20qC PVC = 26%
ICI Rotothinner viscosity = 8P ICI Gel Strength = 27 gm/cm Stormer Viscosity = 97 KU
2
Formulation ID/5
Coalescent Free Paint for New Plaster
Order of addition water Laponite RD 9H4 CMC
% weight
Volume
37.50 0.19 0.29
37.50 0.19 0.29
0.30 0.10 0.30 14.00 8.00 12.00 10.00
0.25 0.11 0.29 3.89 2.96 4.44 3.70
Premix @ 600 rpm for 15 minutes Dispex G40 Henkel 8034 Mergal K6N TiONa 376 Polestar 200P Snowcal 60 Speswhite clay
Disperse at high shear for 20 minutes, then add stepwise with slow speed mixing: Vinamul 3692 Henkel 8034 water pH adjustment (0.91 Ammonia)
Total Non-volatile content by weight = 49.71% Non-volatile content by volume = 28.57% pH = 8.6 @ 20qC SG = 1.42 @ 20qC PVC = 76%
9.50 0.10 7.50 0.22
8.88 0.11 7.50 0.24
100.00
70.35
ICI Rotothinner viscosity = 11P ICI Gel Strength = 21 gm/cm Stormer Viscosity = 106 KU
Formulation ID/6
Solid Paint
Emulsion paint resistant to scrubbing according to DIN 53 778, highly thixotropic, reduced spatter Order of addition
Weight
Water Laponite RD Concentrated Ammonia Calgon N,10% Optimix A K6N Byk W Tiona 372 Socal P2 Finntalc M 15 Chinafill 84 Naintsch ST 60 Omya Special Acronal 290D Taxanol White Spirit K 60 Borchigel L 75, 10%
374.5 20.0 1.0 10.0 3.5 2.0 2.0 80.0 150.0 80.0 50.0 30.0 50.0 95.0 5.0 7.0 40.0 1000.0
Brightness according to DIM,HBW-A (%) Contrast ratio, height of cap in coating μm (%) Washability according to DIN 53 778 Viscosity (mPas) Gloss at 85q (%) 3 Density (g/cm )
88.50 99.55 >5000 4300 2.6 1.40
3
Formulation ID/7
Interior Float Coating - "Putz"
Water Tylose MH 300 Laponite RD Ammonia Optimix A KM 102 Byk 073 Mowilith DM 122 Tiona 535 Durcal 10 Durcal 40 Durcal 130 Lime, beads (1.25-1.8)*
120.5 2.0 1.5 3.0 2.0 1.0 3.0 80.0 44.0 50.0 23.0 58.0 90.0 978.0
Viscosity, Haake Spreading properties Texture Solids content (weight)
10600 mPas good good 78.2%
* Solvay-Alkali product
Formulation ID/8
Silicate-based Emulsion Paint
Water Laponite RD Natrosol HHR Ammonia Betolin Quart 5 Betolin EP 219 Tiona 372 Socal P2 Durcal 5 Silica flour H 500 White spirit K 60 Shellsol A Alberdingk SC 44 Byk 040 Betolin Ep 219
127 1 1 1 10 150 80 100 120 150 5 3 50 2 200 1000
Test Data: Brightness, HBW A 2 Contrast ration 300g/m according to DIN Gloss
