840-Article Text-1714-1-10-20200702

 

Ourjdi Jkrs ^biufk 8 Jbfbr 5 Qdcuj 574= Cdidfdj 445 ‘  445 ‘  457  457 O[UJDI JKUX  Ukskdrhc & Ikdrjmj` mj Jursmj` Xhmkjhk cttp?//oburjdi.ujmvkrsmtdspdcidwdj.dh.ma/mjakx.pcp/jkrs XQ[AM WKUEDJAMJ@DJ WKUEDJAMJ@DJ O[X DWKI ADJ O[X DIW[L DIW[LDQ DQ QKUCDADW WKJ[U[JD WKJ[U[JDJ J LDADU LBIKXQKUBI WDAD BUDJ@ ]DJ@ ] DJ@ FKJ@DIDF CMWKULBIKXQKUBIKFM CMWKULBIKXQKUBIKFMD D AM PMID]DC LKUOD W[XLKXFDX EDJ@LMJDJ@ LBQD Fucdffda Jurfdj4, Dmjui Dnmndc5 Wrb`rdf Xtuam Xdrodjd Lkpkrdwdtdj [jmvkrsmtds Wdcidwdj Qudjlu Qdfeusdm f.jurfdj844500G`fdmi.hbf

Destrdl

Cmpkrlbikstkrbi fkrupdldj sdidcsdtu pkjydlmt ufuf ydj` amakrmtd bikc fdsydrdldt Mjabjksmd  edcldj am aujmd. Wkjydlmt mjm sdj`dt ekradfpdl eksdr omld tmadl amtdj`djm skhdrd mjtkjsmn adj emsd  ekruouj` lkfdtmdj. Wkjydlmt cmpkrlbikstkrbi adpdt amlkjadimldj akj`dj pkj`bedtdj ndrfdlbib`m adidf fkj`dtdsm pkjurujdj ldadr lbikstkrbi dadidc akj`dj fkj`lbjsufsm ous dpki adj ous dipuldt. Quoudj pkjkimtmdj dadidc ujtul fkj`ktdcum pkredjamj`dj knkltmnmtds pkfekrmdj ous dpki adj ous dipuldt tkrcdadp ldadr lbikstkrbi pdad brdj` ydj` fkj`didfm cmpkrlbikstkrbikfmd am Pmidydc Lkrod Wuslksfds Edj`lmjdj` Lbtd Qdcuj 574=. Wkjkimtmdj mjm fkj``ujdldj fktbak qudsm kxpkrmfkjt akj`dj rdjhdj`dj twb `rbup prk-tkst-pbsttkst. Wbpuidsm adidf pkjkimtmdj dadidc skiuruc brdj` ydj` fkj`didfm Cmpkrlbikstkrbikfmd ydj` dad am Pmidydc Lkrod Wuslksfds Edj`lmjdj` Lbtd pdad ldtd`brm ufur 1;-;1 tdcuj ydj` ekroufidc 47> brdj`, skadj`ldj sdfpki ydj` am`ujdldj ydmtu 87 bdrdj`. 4; brdj` ydj` fkj`lbjsufsm ous dpki adj 4; brdj` ydj` fkj`lbjsufsm ous dipuldt ydj` amdfemi skhdrd  purpbsmvk sdfpimj`. Cdsmi pkjkimtmdjjyd ekradsdrldj djdimsd emvdrmdt akj`dj uom  pdmrka t tks am adpdtldj dad pkj`druc djtdrd ldadr lbikstkrbi skekiuf adj sksuadc pkfekrmdj ous dpki akj`dj p67,777 fkdj 03,1 f`/ai adj ous dipuldt akj`dj p67,777 fkdj ;3,8 f`/ai pdad brdj` ydj` fkj`didfm cmpkrlbikstkrbikfmd, skcmj``d adpdt amsmfpuildj edcwd ous dpki ikemc knkltmn adrm  pdad ous dipuldt adidf fkjurujldj ldadr lbikstkrbikfmd. Amcdrdpldj lkpdad pktu`ds puslksfds adpdt ujtul fkjsbsmdimsdsmldj pkjtmj`jyd fkj`lbfsufsm ous dpki adidf rdj`ld fkjurujldj dj`ld  pkjydlmt cmpkrlbikstkrbikfmd.  Ldtd Lujhm? Wkredjamj`dj, Ous Dpki. Ous Dipuldt, Cmpkrlbikstkrbikfmd 

GOurjdi Jkrs Wrbam Xdrodjd Lkpkrdwdtdj & Wrbnksm Jkrs NML [W 574= Hbrrkspbjamj` dutcbr ?

Daarkss ? Oi. Qudjlu Qdfeusdm Jb. 58 Edj`lmj Edj`lmjdj` dj` Kfdmi ? f.jurfdj844500G`fdmi.hbf f.jurfdj844500G`fdmi.hbf Wcbjk ? 7348031347=0 

Ourjdi Jkrs [jmvkrsmtds Wdcidwdj

MXXJ 5;37-54=1 (Fkamd Bjimjk)

 

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XQ[AM WKUEDJAMJ@DJ O[X DWKI ADJ O[X DIW[LDQ QKUCDADW WKJ[U[JDJ LDADU LBIKXQKUB LBIKXQKUBII WDAD BUDJ@ ]DJ@ FKJ@DIDFM CMWKULBIKXQKUBIKFMD CMWKULBIKXQKUBIKFMD AM PMID]DC LKUOD W[XLKXFDX EDJ@LMJDJ@ LBQD   LBQD

WKJADC[I[DJ  Lbikstkrbi dadidc skjydwd ikfdl lbfpikls adidf dimrdj adrdc dtdu ski tueuc ydj` ameutucldj ujtul pkfekjtuldj amjamj` ski adj sked`dm edcdj edlu ekekrdpd cbrfbjk. Lbikstkrbi adidf tueuc fdjusmd adpdt amcdsmildj skjamrm bikc br`dj cdtm, lbrtkls, darkjdi, luimt, usus, idfeuj` adj btdl. Lbikstkrbi ou`d adpdt ampkrbikc adrm iudr tueuc ydmtu fkidium fdldjdj ckwdjm skpkrtm ad`mj`, uj``ds, mldj, fdr`drmj, adj susu (Fduimam 574> adidf Cdsdjdc, 5740) Queuc fkfeutucldj ekekrdpd lbikstkrbi ujtul ekrnuj`sm akj`dj edml. Amjamj` ski dtdu fkferdj fkfeutucldj lbikstkrbi ujtul fkfprbaulsm cbrfbjk, vmtdfmj A, adj dsdf kfpkau ydj` fkfedjtu fkjhkrjd ikfdl. Qdpm ydj` ameutucldj tueuc cdjyd adidf oufidc lbikstkrbi tkredtds ujtul

fkjurujldj ldadr lbikstkrbi ydj` tmj``m. skidmj mtu pkj`bedtdj trdamsmbjdi mjm ou`d klbjbfms adj fuadc ampkrbikc (Ckfemj`, 577=). Wkj`bedtdj trdamsmbjdi tkreultm skhdrd didfmdc dfdj adj ekrfdjnddt adj adpdt amlbfemjsmldj akj`dj pkj`bedtdj lbjvkjsmbjdi sked`dm pkikj`ldpdj (lbfpikfkjtkr) pkidydjdj lkskcdtdj lbjvkjsmbjdi dtdu tkrdpm pkj``djtm (ditkrjdtmn)  emid tkrdpm lbjvkjsmbjdi tmadl emsd amekrmldj (Lkfkjlks UM, 5745) Dpki skrmj` amdjourldj ujtul amlbjsufsm pdrd pkjakrmtd lbikstkrbi tmj``m. Dpki fkfdj` fdldjdj ekeds lbikstkrbi skfpurjd ydj` adpdt fkfedjtu ujtul fkfpkrtdcdjldj ldadr lbikstkrbi tktdp rkjadc. Xkpkrkfpdt ed`mdj adrm eudc dpki tkramrm dtds pkhtmj adj skrdt ydj` idrut adidf dmr skcmj``d fdfpu fkjurujldj ldadr IAI

fkfkjucm lkeutucdjjyd. Emid tkridiu edjydl fdld fdsdidc lkskcdtdj dldj tmfeui pdad tueuc skskbrdj` (Okvusld 5748) Wkjydlmt lbikstkrbi fkrupdldj sdidc sdtu pkjydlmt ydj` fdsmc edjydl tkrodam pdad zdfdj fbakrj mjm. Qmj``mjyd ldadr lbikstkrbi adidf tueuc dldj fkjodam pkfmhu tmfeuijyd  ekred`dm fdhdf pkjydlmt ydj` idmj. Lbikstkrbi ydj` tmj``m tmadl cdjyd amdidfm bikc brdj` ydj` ertueuc `kful tktdpm brdj` ydj` ekrtueuc lurus puj tmadl ekrdrtm tkrekeds adrm pkjydlmt lbikstkrbi. Wkjydlmt lbikstkrbi  ou`d adpdt fkjmfpd brdj`-brdj` ydj` fdsmc

lbikstkrbi ydj` adpdt fkjyufedt pkfeuiuc adrdc (Djmks, 574;) Ldjauj`dj skrdt pdad dpki sdj`dt tmj``m. skrdt skjamrm fkrupdldj jutrmsm ydj` fkfedjtu lkstdemidj `uid adrdc. skrdt ou`d fdfpu fkj`cdsmildj rdsd lkjydj` ydj` ikemc idfd pdad brdj` ydj` fkfdldjjyd, skcmj``d  edml ed`m ydj` skadj` amkt. Xkrdt ydj` ekrdad am adidf eudc dpki ou`d ekr`ujd ujtul fkj`mldt ikfdl adj lbikstkrbi odcdt adidf tueuc (Oducdrm, 574>) Xtuam tkredru ydj` amtkremtldj adidf Oburjdi bn Himjmhdi Impmabib`y ou`d

fuad dtdu ekred`dm ldidj`dj ufur. Lbikstkrbi tkradpdt am sktmdp tueuc fdjusmd. Adidf lbjamsm jbrfdi, skjydwd mjm tmadl ekredcdyd. Lbikstkrbi dldj fkjodam fkru`mldj adj amdj``dp sked`dm pkjykede ekred`dm pkjydlmt fkfdtmldj, skpkrtm odjtuj` hbrbjkr, strblk adj amdektks omld oufidcjyd fkikemcm edtds jbrfdi (Dfmr, 5745 adidf [swdtuj cdsdjdc, cdsdjd c, 5740) Qmj``mjyd prkvdikjsm pkjakrmtd Cmpkrlbikstkrbikfmd am Mjabjksmd fkfujhuildj ekred`dm updyd pkj`bedtdj, updyd pkjhk`dcdj ydj` adpdt amidluldj skidmj  pkrdwdtdj fkams, pkrdwdtdj jbj-ndrfdlbib`m

fkjykeutldj edcwd fkj`lbjsufsm sdtu eudc dipuldt dtdu sktkj`dc skhdrd tkrdtur pkr cdrm, fkjujoulldj pkjurujdj ldadr lbikstkrbi skhdrd sm`jmnmldj. Eudc dipuldt ampmimc ldrkjd tkrfdsul eudc ydj` mstmfkwd, fkj`djauj` ikfdl 57-87 ldim ikemc edjydl amedjamj`ldj akj`dj eudc-eudcdj idmjjyd. Eudc dipuldt fkfmimlm ldjauj`dj ikfdl tbtdi skedjydl 4;,14 `rdf/477 `rdf  eudc (Jdtmbjdi (Jdt mbjdi Jutrmkjt Adtdedsk Adt dedsk nbr Xtdjadrt Uknkrkjhk Ukikdsk, 5745 adidf Hdimnbrjmd Dvbhdab Hbffmsmbj, 574;). Dipuldt ldyd dldj prbtkmj, rmebnidvmj (vmtdfmj E5), jmdsmj

 emsd ou`d amidluldj ujtul fkjhk`dc adj

(vmtdfmj E8), pbtdsmuf (ldimuf), vmtdfmj H,

Ourjdi Jkrs [jmvkrsmtds Wdcidwdj

MXXJ 5;37-54=1 (Fkamd Bjimjk)

 

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XQ[AM WKUEDJAMJ@DJ O[X DWKI ADJ O[X DIW[LDQ QKUCDADW WKJ[U[JDJ LDADU LBIKXQKUB LBIKXQKUBII WDAD BUDJ@ ]DJ@ FKJ@DIDFM CMWKULBIKXQKUBIKFMD CMWKULBIKXQKUBIKFMD AM PMID]DC LKUOD W[XLKXFDX EDJ@LMJDJ@ LBQD   LBQD

skrtd fkj`djauj` dsdf ikfdl bfk`d-8 ydj`  ekr`ujd ujtul fkjod`d lkskcdtdj odjtuj`, fkjurujldj lbikstkrbi adj fkrupdldjdj fdldjdj ed`m btdl. F[ND (Fbjbujsdturdtka Ndtty Dhma) dtdu dsdf ikfdl tdl okjuc tuj``di adidf dipuldt ekrpkrdj fkjurujldj lbikstkrbi IAI (lbikstkrbi odcdt). Dipuldt ou`d fkj`djauj` jmdsmj ydj` adpdt fkjdmlldj  oufidc lbikstkrbi CAI (lbikstkrbi edml). Dadjyd pkjurujdj IAI adj pkjmj`ldtdj CAI dldj fkj`dlmedtldj adrdc fkjodam idjhdr adj fkjhk`dc tkrodamjyd dtkrbslikrbsms (Ckikj, 5741). Wdrd pkjkimtm adrm Cdss Dvbhdab Ebdra, Hdimnbrjmd fkj`dtdldj skidmj fkjurujldj lbikstkrbi odcdt fkfdldj dipuldt  ou`d adpdt fkjurujldj ekrdt edadj adj rksmlb  pkjydlmt odjtuj` (Fdcdrdjm, 574>). 574>). Wrbvmjsm Umdu tkrfdsul imfd eksdr tkrtmj``m  oufidc pkj`madp pkjydlmt  ‘   pkjydlmt cmpkrlbikstkrbikfmd. Wbsmsm Umdu ekrdad sdtu tmj`ldt am edwdc Xufdtkrd Edrdt, ydj` fdjd ldadr lbibstkrbi ydj` tmj``m am Wrbvmjsm Umdu fkjmj`ldt adrm tdcuj 5775 sdfpdm tdcuj 5748 skeksdr 1;,8% fkjodam >8,0% (Dcfda,5741 adidf Akwm, 5740)  

Ekradsdrldj adtd adrm Amjds Lkskcdtdj Ldeupdtkj Ldfpdr Edj`lmjdj` tdcuj 5743, amadpdtldj edcwd oufidc ldsus Cmpkrlbikstrbikfmd tkrtmj``m ekrdad am Lkhdfdtdj Edj`lmjdj` Lbtd skedjydl 451 brdj`. Ekradsdrldj idtdr ekidldj` ydj` am dtds fdld pkjkimtm tkrtdrml ujtul fkidluldj pkjkimtmdj tkjtdj` ’Xtuam Wkredjamj`dj Ous Dpki adj Ous Dipuldt Qkrcdadp Wkjurujdj Ldadr Lbikstrbi  pdad Brdj` ydj` Fkj`didfm Cmpkrlbikstrbikfmd am Pmidydc Lkrod Wuslksfds Edj`lmjdj` Edj`lm jdj` Lbtd‖  Lbtd‖  FKQBAK WKJKIMQMDJ Aksdmj Wkjkimtmdj

Wdad pkjkimtmdj mjm fkj``ujdldj okjms  pkjmimtmdj ludjtmtdtmn. Aksdmj pkjmimtmdj ydj` am`ujdldj ydmtu Tudsm Kxpkrmfkjt , adj rdjhdj`dj ydj` am`ujdldj twb `rbup prk-tkst pbsttkst ydmtu akj`dj fkj`beskrvdsm skedjydl 5 ldim skekiuf adj sksuadc amekrmldj  pkridludj. Lkibfpbl ambeskrvdsm skekiuf

lkfedim sktkidc mjtkrvkjsm am idmj wdltu ydj` tkidc amidluldj (Xktmdam, 5770).  Ibldsm adj Pdltu Wkjkimtmdj

Ibldsm pkjkimtmdj amidluldj am Pmidydc Lkrod Wuslkfds Edj`lmjdj` Lbtd, pdad tdj``di 75 - 7> D`ustus 574=.  Wbpuidsm

Wbpuidsm adidf pkjkimtmdj dadidc sueokl ydj` fkfkjucm lrmtkrmd ydj` tkidc amtktdpldj (Jursdidf,5773). Wbpuidsm adidf pkjmimtmdj mjm dadidc skiuruc pdsmkj ydj` fkjakrmtd cmpkrlbikstkrbikfmd am Pmidydc Lkrod Wuslksfds Edj`lmjdj` Lbtd pdad ldtd`brm ufur 1;-;1 tdcuj ydj` ekroufidc 47> brdj`.  Xdfpki

’Xdfpki dadidc beokl ydj` am tkimtm adj amdj``dp fkwdlmim skiuruc pbpuidsm‖ (Jbtbdtfbaob, 5745). Qkljml pkj`dfemidj sdfpki ydj` ampdldm ydmtu jbj prbedemimtds akj`dj fktbak  purpbsmvk sdfpimj` dtdu  oua`kfkjt sdfpimj` , amfdjd fkfmimc sdfpki mjm akj`dj hdrd fkfdldm prbsks skiklsm  ekrsydrdt (Ldsobjb adj ]dsrmi, 577=). Oufidc sdfpki ydj` dldj amtkimtm adidf pkjkimtmdj mjm  ekroufidc 57 brdj`, ydj` fd fdjd jd 47 rkspbjakj amekrmldj Ous Dpki adj 47 rkspbjakj id`m amekrmldj Ous Dipuldt, fdsmj`-fdsmj` skidfd ; cdrm, akj`dj pkfekrmdj 4x skcdrm pdad pd`m cdrm. Didt Wkj`ufpuidj Adtd

Didt pkj`ufpuidj adtd ydj` ampdldm pdad  pkjkimtmdj mjm dadidc ? 4.  [jtul vdrmdeik Akpkjakj ydmtu ldadr lbikstkrbi, didt ydj` am`ujdldj dadidc skt ujtul hkl lbikstkrbi akj`dj fkj``ujdldj  Kdsy Qbuhc @H[ akj`dj uom strmp. Cdsmi adrm pkfkrmlsddj ldadr lbikstkrbi skekiuf adj sksuadc pkfekrmdj ous dpki dtdu ous dipuldt am ablufkjtdsmldj adidf ikfedrdj hklims ydj` suadc amsmdpldj sksudm akj`dj lkeutucdj pkjkimtmdj. 5.  [jtul vdrmdeik Mjakpkjakj ydmtu ?

amidluldj mjtkrvkjsm, lkfuamdj ambeskrvdsm Ourjdi Jkrs [jmvkrsmtds Wdcidwdj

MXXJ 5;37-54=1 (Fkamd Bjimjk)

 

XQ[AM WKUEDJAMJ@DJ O[X DWKI ADJ O[X DIW[LDQ QKUCDADW WKJ[U[JDJ LDADU LBIKXQKUB LBIKXQKUBII WDAD BUDJ@ ]DJ@ FKJ@DIDFM CMWKULBIKXQKUBIKFMD CMWKULBIKXQKUBIKFMD AM PMID]DC LKUOD W[XLKXFDX EDJ@LMJDJ@ LBQD   LBQD 44>|

d)  Ous dpki didt ydj` ampdldm dadidc ? 5;7 `rdf eudc dpki adj dmr 37 fi, eikjakr, `kids pkj`ulur ujtul sdtu brdj`. [jtul 47 brdj`.  e)  Ous dipuldt didt ydj` ampdldm dadidc ? 5;7 `rdf eudc dipuldt adj dmr 37 fi,  eikjakr, `kids pkj`ulur ujtul sdtu brdj`. [jtul 47 brdj`.. Djdimsd Adtd Djdimsd adtd ydj` am`ujdldj dadidc djdimsd ujmvdrmdt adj djdimsd emvdrmdt. Djdimsd ujmvdrmdt

 ekrtuoudj ujtul fkjokidsldj dtdu fkjakslrmpsmldj ldrdltkrmstml sktmdp vkrmdeki  pkjmimtmdj. Ekjtul djdimsd ujmvmrdt ekr`djtuj` adrm okjms adtdjyd. [jtul adtd jufkrmh am`ujdldj jmidm fkdj, fkamdj adj stdjadr akvmdsm. Wdad ufufjyd adidf djdimsms mjm cdjyd fkj`cdsmildj amstrmeusm nrklukjsm adj  prkskjtdsk adrm sktmdp vdrmdeki. Djdimsd  emvdrmdt am`ujdldj tkrcdadp aud vdrmdeik ydj` amau`d ekrcueuj`dj dtdu ekrlbidebrdsm (Jbtbfdtfbaob, 5747). Adidf pkjmimtmdj mjm djdimsd emvdrmdtk am`ujdldj ujtul fkj`djdimsd  pkrekaddj pkj`druc ous dpki adj ous dipuldt tkrcdadp pkjurujdj ldadr lbikstkrbi. Xkcmj``d adidf djdimsms mjm adpdt am`ujdldj uom stdtmstmh uom Q-tkst dtdu Wdmrka Q-tkst ydmtu uom aud fkdj akpkjakj. [om aud fkdj djtdrd aud lkibfpbl adtd ydj` akpkjakj (Xujybtb, 5745).  CDXMI ADJ WKFEDCDXDJ Djdimsms [jmvdrmdt

Djdimsd ujmvdrmdt amidluldj ujtul fkimcdt ldadr lbikstkrbi skekiuf fkj`lbfsufsm ous

 edcwd rdtd-rdtd ldadr lbikstkrbi sksuadc pkfekrmdj ous dipuldt dadidc 4=7,= f`/ai.

amadpdtldj

cdsmi

Djdimsd Emvdrmdt

Djdimsd mjm fkj``ujdldj uom  pdmrka t tkst ujtul fkimcdt pkredjamj`dj lkaud mjtkrvkjsm adidf fkjurujldj ldadr lbikstkrbi skpkrtm ydj` tkrimcdt pdad tdeki 1.; ekrmlut mjm? d.  Wkfekrmdj Ous Dpki Knkltmnmtds Wkfekrmdj Ous Dpki adidf fkjurujldj Ldadr Lbikstkrbi pdad brdj` ydj` fkj`didfm Cmpkrlbikstkrbi am Pmidydc Lkrod Wuslksfds Edj`lmjdj` Lbtd tdcuj 574=

rdtd-rdtd ldadr lbikstkrbi skekiuf amekrmldj ous dpki ydmtu 5;> f`/ai akj`dj stdjadr akvmdsm 53,>3>.  Jdfuj sktkidc amekrmldj ous dpki skidfd ; cdrm am adpdt rdtd-rdtd ldadr lbikstkrbi skeksdr 400,> f`/ai akj`dj stdjadr akvmdsm 53,088. Odam skimsmc rdtd-rdtd ldadr lbikstkrbi skekiuf adj sksuadc fmjuf ous dpki skedjydl 03,1 f`/ai. Cdsmi uom stdtmstmh am adpdtldj jmidm  W vdiuk 7,777 (p≡7,7;) ydj` drtmjyd dad pkj`druc pkfekrmdj ous dpki tkrcdadp ldadr lbikstkrbi pdad  pkjakrmtd Cmpkrlbikstkrbi Am Pmidydc P midydc Lkrod Wuslksfds Edj`lmjdj` Lbtd.  e.  Wkfekrmdj Ous Dipuldt amadpdtldj

cdsmi  edcwd

Knkltmnmtds Wkfekrmdj Ous Dipuldt adidf fkjurujldj Ldadr Lbikstkrbi pdad brdj` ydj` fkj`didfm Cmpkrlbikstkrbi am

dpki adj ous dipuldt. Ekradsdrldj Amstrmeusm

Pmidydc Lkrod Wuslksfds Edj`lmjdj` Lbtd tdcuj 574= amadpdtldj cdsmi edcwd

Ous Dpki  amadpdtldj cdsmi edcwd rdtd-rdtd

rdtd-rdtd ldadr lbikstkrbi skekiuf amekrmldj ous dipuldt ydmtu 51=,5 f`/ai akj`dj stdjadr akvmdsm 87,845. Jdfuj sktkidc amekrmldj ous dipuldt skidfd ; cdrm am adpdt rdtd-rdtd ldadr lbikstkrbi skeksdr 4=7,= f`/ai akj`dj stdjadr akvmdsm 55,>0=. Odam skimsmc rdtd-rdtd ldadr lbikstkrbi skekiuf adj sksuadc fmjuf ous dipuldt skedjydl ;3,8 f`/ai. Cdsmi uom stdtmstmh am adpdtldj jmidm  W vdiuk 7,777 (p≡7,7;) ydj`

Nrklukjsm Ldadr Lbikstkrbi Xkekiuf Wkfekrmdj

ldadr lbikstkrbi skekiuf pkfekrmdj ous dpki dadidc 5;> f`/ai. Xkidjoutjyd adrm Amstrmeusm Nrklukjsm Ldadr Lbikstkrbi Xkekiuf Wkfekrmdj Ous Dipuldt amadpdtldj cdsmi edcwd rdtd-rdtd

ldadr lbikstkrbi skekiuf pkfekrmdj ous dipuldt dadidc 51=,5 f`/ai. Xkadj`ldj Amstrmeusm Nrklukjsm Ldadr Lbikstkrbi Xksuadc Wkfekrmdj Ous Dpki amadpdtldj cdsmi  edcwd rdtdrd td-

rdtd ldadr lbikstkrbi sksuadc pkfekrmdj ous dpki dadidc 400,> f`/ai. Xkidjoutjyd  ekradsdrldj amstrmeusm Nrklukjsm Ldadr Lbikstkrbi

Xksuadc

Wkfekrmdj

Ourjdi Jkrs [jmvkrsmtds Wdcidwdj

Ous

Dipuldt

drtmjyd dad pkj`druc pkfekrmdj ous MXXJ 5;37-54=1 (Fkamd Bjimjk)

 

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XQ[AM WKUEDJAMJ@DJ O[X DWKI ADJ O[X DIW[LDQ QKUCDADW WKJ[U[JDJ LDADU LBIKXQKUB LBIKXQKUBII WDAD BUDJ@ ]DJ@ FKJ@DIDFM CMWKULBIKXQKUBIKFMD CMWKULBIKXQKUBIKFMD AM PMID]DC LKUOD W[XLKXFDX EDJ@LMJDJ@ LBQD   LBQD

dipuldt tkrcdadp ldadr lbikstkrbi pdad  pkjakrmtd Cmpkrlbikstkrbi Am Pmidydc Lkrod Wuslksfds Edj`lmjdj` Lbtd.   h.  Wkredjamj`dj Wkfekrmdj Ous Dpki adj Ous Dipuldt Wkredjamj`dj Knkltmnmtds Wkfekrmdj Ous Dpki adj Ous Dipuldt adidf fkjurujldj Ldadr Lbikstkrbi pdad brdj` ydj` fkj`didfm Cmpkrlbikstkrbi am Pmidydc Lkrod Wuslksfds Edj`lmjdj` Lbtd tdcuj 574= amadpdtldj cdsmi

 pkredjamj`dj rdtd-rdtd pkrekaddj ldadr lbikstkrbi pdad lkaud lkibfpbl adpdt amimcdt adrm skimsmc ldadr lbikstkrbi sktkidc amekrmldj mjtkrvkjsm djtdrd  pkfekrmdj ous dpki akj`dj ous dipuldt (03,1 ? ;3,8). Xkhdrd stdtmstml tkradpdt pkj`druc ydj` sm`jmnmldj djtdrd ous dpki adj ous dipuldt ( p vdiuk 7,777 adj 7,777)  edcwd

tkrcdadp pkjurujdj ldadr lbikstkrbi. Omld amedjamj`ldj, pkfekrmdj ous dpki ikemc knkltmn fkjurujldj ldadr lbikstkrbi skedjydl 57,4 f`/ai ldim amedjamj`ldj akj`dj pkfekrmdj ous dipuldt adidf fkjurujldj ldadr lbikstkrbi pdad brdj` ydj` fkj`didfm Cmpkrlbikstkrbi am Pmidydc Lkrod Wuslksfds Edj`lmjdj` Lbtd Qdcuj 574=  WKFEDCDXDJ

4.  Ldadr Lbikstkrbi Xkekiuf adj Xksuadc Fkj`lbfsufsm Ous Dpki Cdsmi djdimsms adtd ldadr lbikstkrbi skekiuf amekrmldj 5;> ous dpki amadpdt ldadr lbikstkrbi f`/ai adj rdtd-rdtd sktkidc amekrmldj ous dpki 400,>. Adrm cdsmi djdimsd tkrskeut fkjujoulldj edcwd dadjyd  pkj`druc pkfekrmdj ous dpki tkrcdadp  pkjurujdj ldadr lbikstkrbi pdad pkjakrmtd cmpkrlbikstkrbikfmd am wmidydc lkrod  puslksfds edj`lmjdj` lbtd akj`dj p akj`dj p vdiuk 7,777 (≡7,7;). Cdi mjm skodidj akj`dj  pkjmimtmdj _ulcrm all amfdjd cdsmi  pkjkimtmdjjyd tkradpdt pkj`druc ous dpki tkrcdadp pkjurujdj ldadr lbikstkrbi, akj`dj rdtd-rdtd pkjurujdj lbikstkrbi ydmtu 4=,0 f`/ai.

5.  Ldadr Lbikstkrbi Xkekiuf adj Xksuadc Fkj`lbfsufsm Ous Dipuldt Cdsmi djdimsms adtd ldadr lbikstkrbi skekiuf amekrmldj ous dpki amadpdt rdtd-rdtd ldadr lbikstkrbi 51=,5 f`/ai adj sktkidc amekrmldj ous dpki 4=7,=. Adrm cdsmi djdimsd tkrskeut fkjujoulldj edcwd dadjyd  pkj`druc pkfekrmdj ous dipuldt tkrcdadp  pkjurujdj ldadr lbikstkrbi pdad pkjakrmtd cmpkrlbikstkrbikfmd am wmidydc lkrod  puslksfds edj`lmjdj` lbtd akj`dj p akj`dj p vdiuk 7,777 (≡7,7;). Cdi mjm skodidj akj`dj akj`dj  pkjmimtmdj purwdjmj`ty purwdjmj`tyds ds adj lustmjmj`smc amfdjd cdsmi pkjkimtmdjjyd tkradpdt  pkj`druc ous dipuldt tkrcdadp pkjurujdj ldadr lbikstkrbi, akj`dj rdtd-rdtd  pkjurujdj ydmtu 3,5 f`/ai. 8.  Wkredjamj`dj pkfekrmdj ous dpki akj`dj  ous dipuldt tkrcdadp ldadr lbikstkrbi Cdsmi pkjmimtmdj fkjujoulldj edcwd  pkfekrmdj ous dpki adj ous dipuldt sdfdsdfd ekrpkj`druc fkjurujldj ldadr lbikstkrbi pdad brdj` ydj` fkj`didfm cmpkrlbikstkrbikfmd, adj ekradsdrldj cdsmi uom stdtmstmh edml ous dpki adj ous dipuldt sdfd-sdfd knkltmn adidf fkjurujldj ldadr lbikstkrbi ( p vdiuk 7,777 ≡ 7,7;)  ekradsdrldj adtd jmidm rdtd-rdtd pkjurujdj ldadr lbikstkrbi pdad lkaud lkibfpbl fkjujoulldj lkibfpbl pkfekrmdj ous dpki fkfpujydm rdtd-rdtd pkjurujdj ydj` ikemc  eksdr amedjamj` lkibfpbl pkfekrmdj ous dipuldt, rdtd-rdtd pkjurujdj pdad lkibfpbl  pkfekrmdj ous dpki skeksdr 03,1 f`/ai skadj`ldj pdad lkibfpbl ous dipuldt skeksdr ;3,8 f`/ai. Fkjurut dsufsm pkjkimtm ous dpki adj  ous dipuldt fkfmimlm ldjauj`dj ydj` adpdt fkjurujdldj ldadr lbikstkrbi, pdhtmj adj jmdsmj, jdfuj pdad Dpki fdjdid`m, adrm 5;7 `r dpki fdjdid`m ydj` am`ujdldj tkradpdt ;,5; `rdf skrdt pkhtmj, pkltmj mjm  ekrpkrdj adidf fkjurujldj ldadr lbikstkrbi adidf adrdc, adj pkltmj adpdt fkj`cdfedt rkdesbrsm dsdf kfpkau skcmj``d ldadr lbikstkrbi am klslrksmldj

Ourjdi Jkrs [jmvkrsmtds Wdcidwdj

MXXJ 5;37-54=1 (Fkamd Bjimjk)

 

443|

XQ[AM WKUEDJAMJ@DJ O[X DWKI ADJ O[X DIW[LDQ QKUCDADW WKJ[U[JDJ LDADU LBIKXQKUB LBIKXQKUBII WDAD BUDJ@ ]DJ@ FKJ@DIDFM CMWKULBIKXQKUBIKFMD CMWKULBIKXQKUBIKFMD AM PMID]DC LKUOD W[XLKXFDX EDJ@LMJDJ@ LBQD   LBQD

ikemc edjydl fkidium ndsks.. skadj`ldj  pdad 5;7 `rdf dipuldt ydj` am`ujdldj tkradpdt 1.80 f` jmdsmj, jmdhmj mjm ekrpkrdj adidf fkjdmlldj oufidc lbikstkrbi edml CAI drtmjyd tmj``mjyd ldjauj`dj pkltmj adpdt fkj`mldt edjydl fkjurujldj ldadr lbikstkrbi. Cdi mjm skodidj akj`dj pkjmimtmdj Fkjmsd am fdjd cdsmi pkjmimtmdjjyd ydmtu  ous dpki ikemc knkltmn adidf fkjurujldj ldadr lbikstkrbi am edjamj` akj`dj ous wbrtki akj`dj rdtd-rdtd pkjurjujdj ydmtu 5;,1 . Wkltmj adidf dpki ekrpkrdj sked`dm djtm mjnidfdsm, knkltmnmtds tkrcdadp okjms ldjlkr adj djtm lbikstkrbi. Wkltmj adpdt fkjmj`ldtldj ldadr lbikstkrbi edml CAI (Cm`c Akjsmty Impbprbtkmj) Impbprbtkmj) skhdrd sm`jmnmldj, amfdjd sddt CAI (Cm`c Akjsmty Impbprbtkmj) fkjmj`ldt fdld CAI (Cm`c Akjsmty Impbprbtkmj) adpdt fkjymj`lmrldj lbikstkrbi odcdt IAI (Ibw Akjsmty Impbprbtkmj). Dpki Cmodu ou`d fkfmimlm ldrbtmj sked`dm vmtdfmj D adj djtmblsmadj tmj``m, adidf eudc dpki ou`d fkj`djauj` ^mt H ekrnuj`sm fkfedjtu rkdlsm cmarblsmi adidf pkfekjtuldj `drdf kfpkau idiu tkrodam klrksm lbikstkrbi fkjmj`ldt. Ldimuf am adidf ous dpki ekrnuj`sm fkj`dtur  pkj`mrmfdj zdt-zdt `mzm lk ski-ski sk i-ski tueuc adj fkj`kjadimldj lkskmfedj`dj hdmrdj pdad  odrmj`dj adj ski tueuc adrm nuj`sm amdtds adpdt fkjurujldj ldadr lbikstkrbi (iutnydjmld (5741)  XMFW[IDJ

Xktkidc amidluldj pkjkimtm tkjtdj`  pkredjamj`dj knkltmnmtds pkfekrmdj Ous Dpki adj Ous Dipuldt adidf fkjurujldj ldadr lbikstkrbi pdad brdj` ydj` fkj`didfm Cmpkrlbikstkrbikfmd am Pmidydc Lkrod Wuslksfds Edj`lmjdj` Lbtd tdcuj 574= tkrcdadp 57 rkspbjakj, fdld adpdt amsmfpuildj sked`dm ekrmlut? 4.  Knkltmnmtds pkfekrmdj Ous Dpki adidf  pkjurujdj ldadr lbikstkrbi pdad brdj`

Pmidydc Lkrod Wuslksfds Edj`lmjdj` Lbtd Qdcuj 574= (p vdiuk 6 7,777 ≡ 7,7;)  7,7;)  5.  Knkltmnmtds pkfekrmdj Ous Dipuldt adidf  pkjurujdj ldadr lbikstkrbi pdad brdj` ydj` fkj`didfm Cmpkrlbikstkrbikfmd am Pmidydc Lkrod Wuslksfds Edj`lmjdj` Lbtd Qdcuj 574= (p vdiuk 6 7,777 ≡ 7,7;)  7,7;)  8.  Wkredjamj`dj knkltmnmtds pkfekrmdj ous dpki adj ous dipuldt adidf fkjurujldj ldadr lbikstkrbi pdad brdj` ydj` fkj`didfm Cmpkrlbikstkrbikfmd am Pmidydc Lkrod Wuslksfds Edj`lmjdj` Lbtd Qdcuj 574=  XDUDJ

Adrm pkjkimtmdj ydj` tkidc amidluldj,  pkjuims fkfekrmldj sdrdj-sdrdj sked`dm  ekrmlut ? 4.  Ukspbjakj Amsdrdjldj ed`m rkspbjakj ujtul ikemc fkfdjnddtldj ous dpki adidf fkjurujldj ldadr lbikstkrbi akj`dj tkpdt adj hkpdt. 5.  Wuslksfds Amsdrdjldj lkpdad pmcdl Wuslksfds ujtul fkjsbsmdimsdmldj tkrdpm lbfpikfkjtkr adidf rdj`ld fkjurujldj dj`ld fbrtdimtds cmpkrlbikstkrbi. 8.  [jtul Wkjkimtm Amcdrdpldj ujtul pkjkimtm ydj` mj`mj fkj`kfedj`ldj pkjkimtmdj mjm adpdt am djdimsms id`m skhdrd fuitmvdrmdtk, adj cdsmi  pkjkimtmdj mjm adpdt fkfedjtu ujtul  pkjkimtmdj skidjoutjyd.  ADNQDU W[XQDLD

Dimsjd, (5740). ’Wkj`druc pkfekrmdj rkeusdj dmr aduj smrsdl tkrcdadp ldadr lbikstkrbi pdad pdsmkj cmpkrlbikstkrbikfmd‖. Xlrmpsm. [jmvkrsmtds Wdcidwdj Qudjlu Qdfeusdm Umdu Dibabltkr (574>)  Lbikstkrbi Qmj``m. www.dibabltkr.hbf/lbikstkrbi tmj``m/5741.   tmj``m/5741.

ydj` fkj`didfm Cmpkrlbikstkrbikfmd am Ourjdi Jkrs [jmvkrsmtds Wdcidwdj

MXXJ 5;37-54=1 (Fkamd Bjimjk)

 

44=|

XQ[AM WKUEDJAMJ@DJ O[X DWKI ADJ O[X DIW[LDQ QKUCDADW WKJ[U[JDJ LDADU LBIKXQKUB LBIKXQKUBII WDAD BUDJ@ ]DJ@ FKJ@DIDFM CMWKULBIKXQKUBIKFMD CMWKULBIKXQKUBIKFMD AM PMID]DC LKUOD W[XLKXFDX EDJ@LMJDJ@ LBQD   LBQD

(5745).  D  Dodme odmejy jyd d tkrdp rdpmm ck ckred redii tufpds tufp ds llbik bikstkrbi. stkrbi. Odldrtd? Aujmd Xkcdt. Djbjmf.(574;) .  Edadj Wkjkimtmj adj  Wkj`kfedj`dj Wkrtdjmdj. (cttp?//www.pustdld-akptdj.`b.ma.   Am (cttp?//www.pustdld-akptdj.`b.ma.  pkrbikc pdad tdj``di 5; fkm 574=. 574=. Ebtcdf. (5745).  Cdrpkr”s Miiustrdtka  Embhckfmstry? Hcbikstkrbi Xyjtcksms, Qrdjspbr & Kxhrktmbj. Kxhrktmbj. Dfkrmld Xkrmldt? Fh@rdw Cmii. Euii adj Fbrrkii.(5770).  Lbikstkrbi. Odldrtd ? Kridj``d. Akwm, Udtjd, Udtjd, (5740). ’Wkj`druc Wkfekrmdj Xusu Lkakidm Qkrcdadp Lbikstkrbi Adrdc Wdad Wkjakrmtd Cmpkrlbikstkrbikfmd‖. Xlrmpsm.   Xlrmpsm. [jmvkrsmtds Wdcidwdj Qudjlu Qdfeusdm Umdu Amhlsbj. ’Ldjauj`dj @mzm Eudc Dipuldt adj

L. (574;). Fkfdcdfm Ekred`dm Fdhdf Wkjydlmt. Edjauj` ? Wkjkremt Dindektd, hv. Mzzdtm, all (5743). ’Wkj`druc ’Wkj`druc Ous Dpki Cmodu Qkrcdadp Wkjurujdj Lbikstkrbi pdad Wkjakrmtd Cmpkrtkjsm‖.  Ourjdi . Xtmlks ]dsrm Xufedr Eulmttmj``m. cttp?// …….Am pkrbikc pdad tdj``di 4; Dprmi 574=. Oducdry, C. (574>). Xkcdt Qdjpd Bedt akj`dj Dpki. ]b`ydldrtd ? Djam Bnnskt Okvusld (5748). cttp//www.okvusld.hbf/5748/7>/78/lb ikstkrbi- pkj`krtmdj  pkj`krtmdj adj okjms-okjms lbikstkrbi. Lkfkjtrmdj Lkskcdtdj UM (5748).  Umskt  Lkskcdtdj Adsdr (Umslksads). Odldrtd? Lkfkjlks UM< 5748 Ikstdrmujmquk (5748).  Cmpkrlbikstkrbikfmd.  Cmpkrlbikstkrbikfmd.  

Fdjnddt Eudc Dipuldt Ed`m Lkskcdtdj‖.  Drtmlki. Ampkrbikc pdad tdj``di 73 Ouim 574= adrm cttp?//mifupkj`ktdcudjufuf.hbf/ldj auj`dj-`mzm-eudc-dipuldt-adjfdjnddt-eudc-dipuldt-ed`m-lkskcdtdj/

cttp?//ikstdrmujmquk.wbrasprkss.hbf/57 4/8/70/7=/cmpkrlbikstkrbikfmd.   4/8/70/7=/cmpkrlbikstkrbikfmd. Fduimam (574>).  Wkj`krtmdj Lbikstkrbi. www.ldjdi.ma:ekrdjad:lkskcdtdj.  Jurpuspmtdsdrm, Dfdimd (5748). ’Lcdsmdt Wkltmj adidf eudc Dpki‖  Drtmlki. Ampkrbikc pdad tdj``di 73 Ouim 574=. Adrm cttp?//dfdimdjurpuspmtdsdrm.eib`spbt.hb f/5748/71/lcdsmdt-pkltmj-adidf-eudcdpki.ctfi2f64

Dfmr.X

Nrkkfdj, F, Ouj`k, H. (577;).  Lbikstkrbi  Ukjadc Odjtuj` Xkcdt. Wkjkremt Eudjd Mifu Wbpuikr. Cdimnd. (5740). Wkj`druc fkj`lbfsufsm Eudc Dpki tkrcdadp Queuc Fdjusmd. [jmvkrsmtds Fucdffdamdc Fdidj`. Xlrmpsm. Am Wkrbikc pdad tdj``di 5; Fkm 574= adrm cttp?//kprmjts.uff.dh.ma/83575/8/EDE %57MM.pan.   %57MM.pan. Ckryputrd FO.(5741).  Cueuj`dj djtdrd lkemdsddj fmjuf tkc akj`dj ldadr lbikstkrbi tbtdi pdad pkj`ujouj`  puslksfds lkiurdcdj lkabyd skidtdj. Xlrmpsm. Ndluitds Lkabltkrdj [jmvkrsmtds Lrmstkj Lrmad Pdhdjd. Cmadydt, D.D. (5744).  Fktbak Wkjkimtmdj  Lkpkrdwdtdj adj Qkljml Djdimsd  Adtd. Odldrtd, Xkikfed Fkamld

Mrmdjtb,

Fufpujm,

Puidjadrm

(5744).

Xufekr

?  ? 

 Jdtmbjdi Mjstmtutks bn Ckditc, Aktkhtmbj, Kvbiutmbj, adj Qrkdtfkjt nb Cm`c Eibba Hcbikstkrbi mj Dauits MMM.  Jbtbdtfbaob, Xbklmaob (5747).  Fktbakib`m  Wkjkimtmdj Lkskcdtdj. Odldrtd ? Umjkld Hmptd  Jurfdj, all (5740). ’Wkj`druc Wkltmj Eudc Dpki (Fuius Xyivkstrms Fmii) Qkrcdadp Ldadr IAI Lbikstkrbi‖.  Ourjdi . [jmvkrsmtds Djadids. cttp?// ….Am  pkrbikc pdad tdj``di 4; Dprmi Dprmi 574=.  Jurrdcfdjm, [. (5745). Xtbp Lbikstkrbi Qmj``m. ]b`ydldrtd ? Ndimfd (@rbup Ukidsm Mjtmfkamd).

Ourjdi Jkrs [jmvkrsmtds Wdcidwdj

MXXJ 5;37-54=1 (Fkamd Bjimjk)

 

457|

XQ[AM WKUEDJAMJ@DJ O[X DWKI ADJ O[X DIW[LDQ QKUCDADW WKJ[U[JDJ LDADU LBIKXQKUB LBIKXQKUBII WDAD BUDJ@ ]DJ@ FKJ@DIDFM CMWKULBIKXQKUBIKFMD CMWKULBIKXQKUBIKFMD AM PMID]DC LKUOD W[XLKXFDX EDJ@LMJDJ@ LBQD   LBQD

[WQ. Wuslksfds Edj`lmjdj` Lbtd. (5743).  Oufidc Wkjakrmtd Ldadr Lbikstkrbi Qmj``m? Ldeupdtkj Qmj``m?  Ldeupdtkj Ldfpdr Xufekr ? Adtd Amjds Lkskcdtdj Ldeupdtkj Ldfpdr, 5743 Puramdjmj` M.(5741). Knkl klstrdl aduj smrsdl (Djjbjd furmhdtd Imjj) tkrcdadp  prbnmi impma tmlus putmc odjtdj (Udttus  Jbrvk`mhus). Ourjdi @mzm Mjabjksmd (MXXJ ? 43;3-1=15). Edidm Wkidtmcdj Lkskcdtdj, Lbtd Xkfdrdj` Ndluitds Lkskcdtdj Fdsydrdldt, [jmvkrsmtds Ampbjk`brb, Mjabjksmd. ]uwmjdjad, ]uwmjd jad, (5740). ’Wkredjamj`dj Lbjsufsm Ous Eudc Fkj`luau akj`dj Ldpsui Klstrdl Fkj`luau tkrcdadp Qkldjdj Adrdc pdad Wkjakrmtd Cmpkrtkjsm‖. Xlrmpsm.. [jmvkrsmtds Wdcidwdj Qudjlu Xlrmpsm Qdfeusdm Umdu

Ourjdi Jkrs [jmvkrsmtds Wdcidwdj

MXXJ 5;37-54=1 (Fkamd Bjimjk)