8 Tuberias en Paralelo

 

GLMYÈVELCH HRELCHMH L SLS]FNHS CDNREFKDS MF ]VIFYÎHS

]VIFYÎHS FJ RHYHEFED

Sdj tuifrîhs quf sf rhnl`lchj fj mds d nès tuifrîhs quf vufevfj h ujlrsf hauhs hihkd, mdjmf fe chumhe fjtrhjtf tdthe fs lauhe he chumhe shelfjtf. Rhrh rfsdevfr prdiefnhs mf `eukds mf tuifrîhs fj phrhefed.

gE] >gE 8 + gE 9 + gE 3

FKFYCLCLDS MF HRELCHCLÓJ @hilèj Ndrhefs @lheeds. @LCN. 9292  `rndrhefsButh.fmu.fc

 

8

 

GLMYÈVELCH HRELCHMH L SLS]FNHS CDNREFKDS MF ]VIFYÎHS

FKFYCLCLD 8 Fj fe slstfnh ndstrhmd fe chumhe fj ehs tuifrîhs HI fs lauhe he chumhe F@ ´ 2,762 n3 / s. Sl tdmhs ehs tuifrîhs sdj mf gdrnlaój, mftfrnljf eds chumhefs ICF y IMF.

Mhtds; 3

XHI >XF@ >2,762 n / s

Lnpdjfrsf gE> 8 n X 02> 2,7=

2,03

2,7= 2,839

X =2 >

2,7=2,237=   ↙ 39,=96 E / s   (Chumhe supufstd) s

@hilèj Ndrhefs @lheeds. @LCN. 9292  `rndrhefsButh.fmu.fc

 

9

 

GLMYÈVELCH HRELCHMH L SLS]FNHS CDNREFKDS MF ]VIFYÎHS

X] > X 02 + X =2 X] > 39,813 E / s + 39,=96 E / s X] > 812,6 812,6 839,813  ↙ 11,=7% s  E X =2 >39,=96  ↙ 99,69% s X 02> 2,762 n / s ´ ) 3

3

X 02> 2,066 n / s

3

X =2 >2,762 n / s ( 99,69% ) 3

X =2 >2,8 2,066   + 2,8 2,762

n s

3

@hilèj Ndrhefs @lheeds. @LCN. 9292  `rndrhefsButh.fmu.fc

 

3

 

GLMYÈVELCH HRELCHMH L SLS]FNHS CDNREFKDS MF ]VIFYÎHS

Lnpdjfrsf gE> 2,6 2,7=

2,7= 2,822   ↙ 822,23

2,7=2,29< ns   ↙ 9 X 02 + X =2 X] > 822,23<

 E  + 9 89 89 822,23<  ↙ 11, s  E X =2 >9 2,762 n / s ´ ) 3

X 02> 2 , 066 n / s (Chumhe rfhe) 3

3

X =2 >2 , 762 n / s ( 99 , 69 % ) X =2 >2 , 8 2 , 066   + 2 , 8 2,762 s

3

@hilèj Ndrhefs @lheeds. @LCN. 9292  `rndrhefsButh.fmu.fc

 

6

 

GLMYÈVELCH HRELCHMH L SLS]FNHS CDNREFKDS MF ]VIFYÎHS

FKFYCLCLD 9 Fj fe slstfnh mf tuifrîhs ndstrhmd fj eh `laurh eh heturh mf eh prfslój fj H fs 30 ny eh heturh mf eh prfslój fj F fs mf 99 n mf hauh. Supdjlfjmd quf ehs tuifrîhs fstèj fj uj pehjd gdrlzdjthe. ´Xuì chumhe clrcueh pdr chmh ujh mf ehs rhnhs fj phrhefed4

gE] > R  RH H∙ RI gE] >30 n∙99 n gE] > 8= n

X> 2,7=

2,03

2,6=

S

2,7= 2,2670   ↙ 67,039 E / s s

@hilèj Ndrhefs @lheeds. @LCN. 9292  `rndrhefsButh.fmu.fc

 

0

 

GLMYÈVELCH HRELCHMH L SLS]FNHS CDNREFKDS MF ]VIFYÎHS

X 92>

2,7= 2,2306   ↙ 30,638 E / s s

X 96>

2,7= 2,2=69   ↙ =6,873 E / s s

X] > XF >XS>8=2,3=0  E / s

@hilèj Ndrhefs @lheeds. @LCN. 9292  `rndrhefsButh.fmu.fc

 

1

 

GLMYÈVELCH HRELCHMH L SLS]FNHS CDNREFKDS MF ]VIFYÎHS

FKFYCLCLD 3 Yfsdevfr fe fkfrclcld hjtfrldr sl fe chumhe tdthe `ufrh 972 E / s. ´Xuì pìrmlmh mf chrah tlfjf euahr fjtrf H y F4 y ´Cuèe fs fe chumhe fj chmh ujd mf eds rhnhefs mfe clrcultd4

Mhtds; X] > 972 E / s gEHF > 4 X 32>4 X 92>4 X 96>4

Lnpdjfrsf gE> 82 n

X> 2,7=

2,03

2,6=

S

2,7= 2,2=7<

 n   ↙ =7,7

2,7= 2,2326   ↙ 32,=09 E / s  (Chumhe supufstd) s

X 96>

2,7= 2,2311   ↙ 31,010 E / s  s

(Chumhe supufstd)

X] > 881,29 =7,7 32,=09  ↙ 90,23% s  E X 96> 31,010  ↙ 39, 39,8< 8< % s

X] > 972 E / s

972

X 32>

822 972

X 92>

 E  ( =8,17%) s

 E 90,23% )  ( 90,23% s 822

 E s

>880,

 E  ( 39,8gE 32 >gE 92> gE 96

@hilèj Ndrhefs @lheeds. @LCN. 9292  `rndrhefsButh.fmu.fc

 

82

 

GLMYÈVELCH HRELCHMH L SLS]FNHS CDNREFKDS MF ]VIFYÎHS

FKFYCLCLD = Fj fe slstfnh ndstrhmd fj eh `laurh, cuhjmd fe chumhe mfsmf fe mfpósltd H fe jumd prljclphe M fs mf 8=2 E / s, eh prfsl prfslój ój fj M mf 8,=2 Op / cn ¹. Sf qulfrf hunfjthr fe chumhe ghsth 87= E / s , cdj ujh prfslój fj M mf 9,72 Op / cn ¹.´Xuì mlènftrd mfif tfjfr eh tuifrîh mf 8622 n mf edjaltum quf gh mf pdjfrsf fjtrf I y C fj phrhefed (mliukhmh h trhzds fj eh `laurh) cdj eh fxlstfjtf mf 32 cnmf mlènftrd, phrh shtls`hcfr ehs cdjmlcldjfs fxlalmhs.

CL >X 8 >8=2 E / sCL >X 8>8=2 E / s  RM 8 >8,=2 Op / cn ¹ RM 9 >9,72 Op / cn ¹ gE> E∑´ ´ ´ gE =2 >9=22 ´ ( 2,8= /

2,7=88,681 n @hilèj Ndrhefs @lheeds. @LCN. 9292  `rndrhefsButh.fmu.fc

 

88

 

GLMYÈVELCH HRELCHMH L SLS]FNHS CDNREFKDS MF ]VIFYÎHS

gE 32>8622 ´ ( 2,8= /

 2,7=9gE =2 + gE 32 gE] > 88,681 n + 9=2,1=3 n

 R> γ ∑g  R g> γ  γ > 8,=2

∑8313=2 J / n ¹ 9 8n

g > 8313=2 8= n gE] >=2,1=3 n + 8= n gE] > 6=,1=3 n

Rhrh ujh prfslój fj M mf 8,=2 Op / cn ¹  sf tlfjf ujh heturh fqulvhefjtf h 8= n, fjtdjcfs phrh ujh prfslój mf 9,72 Op / cn ¹  sf tfjmrè ujh heturh mf chrah fqulvhefjtf h 97 n

gE] >6=,1=3 n∙97 n @hilèj Ndrhefs @lheeds. @LCN. 9292  `rndrhefsButh.fmu.fc

 

89

 

GLMYÈVELCH HRELCHMH L SLS]FNHS CDNREFKDS MF ]VIFYÎHS

gE] >90,1=3 n

gE> E∑´ ´ ´ gE =2 >9=22 ´ ( 2,87= /

2,7=890,1=3 n ∙81,037 n X> 2,7=

2,03

2,6=

S

2,7= 2,2017   ↙ 01,78X]dthe ∙X 32 XIC >872 E / s ∙01,78<  E / s XIC >880,878 E / s

 M>( 3,6 ´´  M> 2,333 n ↙ 33,3 cn ↙ 3= cn(Rdr mlènftrds fsthiefclmds)

Rhrh mftfrnljhr quì slstfnh tlfjf nès chphclmhm sf tlfjf mds dpcldjfs; @hilèj Ndrhefs @lheeds. @LCN. 9292  `rndrhefsButh.fmu.fc

 

83

 

GLMYÈVELCH HRELCHMH L SLS]FNHS CDNREFKDS MF ]VIFYÎHS

 

Fe slstfnh quf tfjah ujh pìrmlmh mf chrah nfjdr  Fe slstfnh pdr fe quf clrcueh uj chumhe nhydr 

FKFYCLCLD 6 Fj eh `laurh quf sf ljmlch. ´Xuì slstfnh tlfjf nès chphclmhm fe H, I, C, M d fe F, @, A, G4 ]rhihkhnds cdj C>892

Slstfnh H,I,C,M jds lnpdjfnds uj chumhe mf 8 n³/s

gE> E∑´ ´ ´

gE =2,6 >91=6 ´ ´´ gE =2,6 >333,362 n

gE 32,6>8732 ´ ´ ´ gE 32,6>782gE =2,6 + gE 32,6 + gE 96,= gE] > 9383366 ´ ´ ´ gE =6,1 >997, 2,7=2,22 2,29=8 n / s @hilèj Ndrhefs @lheeds. @LCN. 9292  `rndrhefsButh.fmu.fc

 

86

 

GLMYÈVELCH HRELCHMH L SLS]FNHS CDNREFKDS MF ]VIFYÎHS

X] ↙ 822% X 92,3 X 96,=  W 92,3 W 96,=  W 92,3 >38 ( 3 2,=21 n / s  3

↙

60 60,91% ,91% 822%

Phedrfs rfhefs  GE 9>8,709 n  GE 3 > 8,709 n  GE] >6,=28 n+ =,38< + 8,709 n>88,679 n

 GEMF >=2 n∙ GE] >97,=8 n

@hilèj Ndrhefs @lheeds. @LCN. 9292  `rndrhefsButh.fmu.fc

 

87

 

GLMYÈVELCH HRELCHMH L SLS]FNHS CDNREFKDS MF ]VIFYÎHS

 R>

γ ∑X ∑ GEMF

 RMF >

16 2,61∑8222∑97,=8 16

 RMF >´986,16   >828, 7 70,76 n  R>

X>

γ ∑X ∑ GEMF 16 16∑828,2,277 n3 / s

Sf lnpdjf  GE>8 n X> 2,7= =,168 E / s 

↙

3=,89%

X] > 83,2,267 n / s   3

↙

06,77%

@hilèj Ndrhefs @lheeds. @LCN. 9292  `rndrhefsButh.fmu.fc

 

92

 

GLMYÈVELCH HRELCHMH L SLS]FNHS CDNREFKDS MF ]VIFYÎHS

X 86>2,232 n ³ / s↙

3=,89 %

 GE 92 >32,3 32,331 n  GE 96 >8=,132,307 n + 8=,1=6,808 n  GE]dthe  GE] dthe > Fe . M  Fe . M > =6,808 n

=0 n C >892 gE] > 12 n∙ =0 n gEF >9= n 2,03

2,7=

∑C ∑ H∑ Yg 3 XHIF >2,82= n / s

2,6=

S

3

XHCF >2,260 n / s 3

XHMF> 2,267 n / s

 E∑´ ´ ´ gEIQ > 3,308 n  (Supufstd) gEQC  83,0=0 n  (Supufstd) >>gEIC >81,227 n  (Supufstd) gEIQC 

Sf checuehj chumhefs supufstds 3

XIC >2,327 n / s 3 XHI >2,=27 n / s

Sfaulmhnfjtf cdj fstds chumhefs supufstds sf checuehj ehs pìrmlmhs mf chrah (supufstds) mf eds trhnds HI, CM y HM Mlstrliuclój rfhe =2,269 % gEHI >8=,386 n  =1,671 % gECF > =,=87 n  gE ( H ∙ M )>36,1=8 n 

89,308 %

Rìrmlmhs Yfhefs gE] > 32,6 n ∙98,3 n> 3,076 n gEIC >=,317 n gECM >8,831 n

Chumhefs rfhefs XHI > XCM>8 =7,266  E / s @hilèj Ndrhefs @lheeds. @LCN. 9292  `rndrhefsButh.fmu.fc

 

93

 

GLMYÈVELCH HRELCHMH L SLS]FNHS CDNREFKDS MF ]VIFYÎHS

XIC >8=1,4 C >892

gE> E∑´ ´ ´ gEH > =,=06 n gEM >9,602 n

]uifrîh I y C gEI > gEC >< n∙ =,=06 n∙ 9,602 n>8, 2,7=2,28 X] ∙XI 3

XC > 2,238 n / s

Cdj fe Chumhe XC sf checueh fe mlènftrd mf fsth sfcclój  M>( 3,681