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EN BANC [G.R. No. 97477. May 8, 1992.] RTC JUDGE CAMILO E. TAMIN, Pr!"#"$% Pr!"#"$% J&#%, R%"o$a' R%"o$a' Tr"a' Co&r(, Co&r(, Bra$)* Bra$)* 2+, Mo'a, -a/oa$%a #' 0&r a$# (* MUNICIPALIT O DUMINGAG, -AMBOANGA DEL 0UR, r3r!$(# /y MAOR DOMICIANO E. REAL, 3("("o$r!, !. COURT O APPEAL0, ICENTE MEDINA a$# ORTUNATA RO0ELLON, r!3o$#$(!. 0LLABU0 1. CIIL LA56 LA56 NUI0AN 0ANCE6 COMPLAI LAINT IN CA0E AT BAR ALLEGE0 ACTUAL CIRCUM0TANCE0 O A COMPLAINT OR ABATEMENT O PUBLIC NUI0ANCE. T* )o3'a )o3'a"$( "$( !(a(! !(a(! (*a( (*a( 3("(" 3("("o$ o$rr &$")" &$")"3a' 3a'"(y "(y "! (* o$r o$r o: a 3ar)' 3ar)' o: 'a$# 'a$# )or# )or# /y Pr!"#$( Pr!"#$("a' "a' Pro)'aa(" Pro)'aa("o$ o$ No. +;< *")* "! r!r# r!r# :or a 3&/'") 3'a=a6 (*a( (* 3r"a( r!3o$#$(! /y "r(& o: a )o$(ra)( o: 'a! $(r# "$(o /y (* :or :orr r a ayo yorr o))& o))&3" 3"# # a 3or( 3or("o "o$ $ o: (* (* 3ar) 3ar)'' o: 'a$# 'a$# )o$!( )o$!(r&) r&)(" ("$% $% /&"' /&"'#" #"$%! $%! (*r (*ro$6 o$6 (*a( (*a( (* 3r"a( 3r"a( r!3o r!3o$# $#$(! $(! r:&! r:&!# # (o a)a( a)a( (* 3r" 3r"!! !! #!3"( #!3"( #a$#!6 #a$#!6 (*a( (* &$")"3a'" &$")"3a'"(y (y "! )o$!(r&)("$ )o$!(r&)("$% % a &$")"3a' &$")"3a' %y$a!"& "$ (* ara >$a$)# >$a$)# /y a33ro3r a33ro3r"a( "a("o$ "o$! ! 3ro"# 3ro"## # /y (* $a("o$ $a("o$a' a' %or$ %or$$ $(6 (6 a$# (*a( (*a( (* a33ro3r"a("o$! ar "$ #a$%r o: /"$% rr(# (o (* $a("o$a' (ra!&ry /)a&! (* )o$!(r&)("o )o$!(r&)("o$ $ *a# (o / !(o33# !(o33# "$ " o: (* r:&!a' r:&!a' o: (* 3r"a( r!3o$#$(! r!3o$#$(! (o a)a( (* ara. A33'y"$% (* )r"(r"a, 3ro"## /y Ar(!. ;94 a$# ;9< o: (* C""' Co#, o#, a%r %r "(* "(* (* 3(" 3("(("o$ "o$r! r! (*a (*a( (* )o o3' 3'a a"$( "$( a'' a''%! %! :a)( :a)(&a &a'' )"r)&!(a$)! o: a )o3'a"$( :or a/a($( o: 3&/'") $&"!a$). 2. ID.6 ID.6 ID. ID.6 PUB UBLI LIC C PLALA-A I0 OUT OUT0IDE 0IDE COMM COMMER ERCE CE O MAN MAN6 CON0T ON0TRU RUCT CTIO ION N0 CAN BE ABATED 0UMMARIL. A 3&/'") 3'a=a "! o&(!"# (* )or) o: a$ a$# )o$!(r&)("o$! (*ro$ )a$ / a/a(# !&ar"'y /y / y (* &$")"3a'"(y. &$")"3a'"(y. +. ID.6 ID.6 ID.6 ID.6 5RI 5RIT O PO0 PO00 0E00I E00ION ON NOT NOT NEED NEEDED ED,, 5RIT 5RIT O DEM DEMOL OLIITION TION BEIN BEING G 0UICIENT. T* 3("("o$r &$")"3a'"(y *a# (*r r#"! :ro *")* (o !')( "(! )o&r! o: a)("o$. I( )*o! (o >' a )""' a)("o$ :or (* r)ory o: 3o!!!!"o$ o: (* 3ar)' o: 'a$# o))&3"# /y (* 3r"a( r!3o$#$(!. I:, (*r:or, (* a''%a("o$! "$ (* )o3'a"$( )o3'a"$( ar (r& a$# (*a( (* 3ar)' o: 'a$# /"$% o))&3"# o))&3"# /y (* 3r"a( r!3 r!3o$ o$# #$( $(! ! "! "$# "$## # a 3&/'" 3&/'") ) 3'a= 3'a=a, a, (*$ (*$ (* (* r"( r"( o: 3o!! 3o!!! !!" !"o$ o$ a$# a$# r"( r"( o: #o'" #o'"("o ("o$ $ o&'# o&'# *a *a /$ /$ ?&!("> ?&!(">#. #. I$ :a)(, :a)(, &$#r &$#r !&)* !&)* )"r)&! )"r)&!(a$ (a$)! )!,, (*r (*r o&'# o &'# *a *a /$ /$ $o $# $# :or :or a r"( r"( o: 3o!! 3o!!!! !!"o "o$ $ "$ :ao :aorr o: (* (* 3("( 3("("o "o$r $r &$")"3a'"(y !"$) (* 3r"a( r!3o$#$(!@ o))&3a("o$ or (* !&/?)( 3ar)' o: 'a$# 'a$# )a$ )a$ $o( / r)o%$" r)o%$"=# =# /y a$y 'a. 'a. A r"( r"( o: #o'" #o'"("o ("o$ $ o&'# o&'# *a *a /$ /$ !&)"$( (o ?)( (* 3r"a( r!3o$#$(!. 4. ID.6 ID.6 LAND LAND REGI REGI0T 0TR RATION TION@@ CADA0 CADA0TR TRAL AL 00T 00TEM EM66 A PR PROC OCEE EEDI DING NG IN REM REM AIN AIN TO A JUDICIAL INUIR INUIR AND INE0TIGATION. INE0TIGATION. U$#r (* )a#a!(ra' !y!(, (* %or %or$$ $$(( (*ro&% (*ro&%* * (* D"r)( D"r)(or or o: La$#! La$#! "$"("a "$"("a(! (! (* 3ro) 3ro)#"$ #"$%! %! /y >'"$% >'"$% a 3("(" 3("("o$ o$ "$ )o&r( )o&r( a:(r a:(r *")* a'' o$r! o$r! or )'a"a )'a"a$(! $(! ar ar )o3' )o3''# '# (o a)( a$#
3r!$( (*"r a$!r! o(*r"! (*y 'o! (*"r r"%*( (o (*"r o$ 3ro3r(y. T* 3&r3o! "! (o !r (* 3&/'") "$(r!(! /y r&"r"$% (*a( (* ("('! (o a$y 'a$#! / !(('# a$# a#?&#")a(#. F0)("o$ 1 Ca#a!(ra' A)( [No. 22$a' o&()o o: (* )a#a!(ra' 3ro)#"$%!. ;. ID.6 ID.6 ID.6 ID.6 5EN DEMOLITION O BUILDING I0 AIT ACCOMPLI6 PETITIONER MU0T PUT UP A BOND TO AN05ER OR JU0T COMPEN0ATION. A( a$y ra(, ara(" r'": /a!# o$ (* a/o #"!)&!!"o$! "! $o 'o$%r 3o!!"/'. T* #o'"("o$ o: (* /&"'#"$%! o$# /y (* 3r"a( r!3o$#$(! "! $o a :a"( a))o3'". 5 )a$$o(, *or, a33'y (* r&'"$% "$ !(a( o: Gr%or"a ra$)"!)o . Co&r( o: A33a'! F199 0CRA '# "(* (* R%"o$a' Tr"a' Co&r( o: -a/oa$%a #' 0&r, Bra$)* 2+, Mo'a, 3r!"## /y (* 3("("o$r J&#%, a )o3'a"$( #$o"$a(# a! E?)($( "(* Pr'""$ary I$?&$)("o$ a$# Daa%! a%a"$!( r!3o$#$(! ")$( M#"$a a$# or(&$a(a Ro!''o$. C#3r T* )o3'a"$( a''%# (*a( (* 3'a"$(" F3("("o$r &$")"3a'"(y *r"$ "! (* o$r o: a 3ar)' o: r!"#$("a' 'a$# 'o)a(# a( Po/'a)"o$, D&"$%a%, -a/oa$%a #' 0&r "(* a$ ara o: ( :ro (* a))o3'"!*$( o: (* 3ro?)(. T* )o3'a"$( 3ray# 1. T*a( a r!(ra"$"$% or#r !*a'' / "!!&# "#"a('y a:(r (* >'"$% o: (*"! )a!6
2. T*a( a:(r #& $o(") a$# *ar"$%, a r"( o: 3r'""$ary a$#a(ory "$?&$)("o$ !*a'' / "!!&# a%a"$!( (* *r"$ #:$#a$(! :or (* F!") :ro :&r(*r o))&3y"$% (* 'a!# 3or("o$ (o (* F!"), a$#Kor (*a( a 5r"( o: Po!!!!"o$ / "#"a('y "!!&# (o 3r!r (* r"%*(! o: (* *r"$ 3'a"$("6 +. T*a( ?&#%$( !*o&'# / $(r# a%a"$!( (* *r"$ #:$#a$(! (o a)a( (* 3r"!! o: (* 'a!# 3or("o$ %"$ (o (*. FCA Ro''o, 33. 1112. O$ (* !a #ay, 03(/r 24, 199H, (* 3("("o$r J&#% "!!&# a$ or#r !(("$% (* 3r'""$ary *ar"$% :or (* "!!&a$) o: a r"( o: 3r'""$ary a$#a(ory "$?&$)("o$ a$#Kor r"( o: 3o!!!!"o$ o$ O)(o/r 1H, 199H. I$!(a# o: >'"$% a$ a$!r, (* r!3o$#$(! >'# a o("o$ (o #"!"!! a''%"$% (* 'a) o: ?&r"!#")("o$ o: (* (r"a' )o&r(, !"$) (* )o3'a"$( "! :or "''%a' #(a"$r *")* "! "(*"$ (* or"%"$a' ?&r"!#")("o$ o: (* &$")"3a' )o&r( a$# (* 3$#$)y o: a )a#a!(ra' )a! FCa#a!(ra' Ca! No. N1H, LRC Ca#. R). No. N1H8, Lo( 9481 [P'!;1] T0218 /($ (* 3ar("! or (* o$r!*"3 o: (* !a 3ar)' o: 'a$#. O$ O)(o/r 1H, 199H, (* 3("("o$r J&#% "!!&# (o F2 or#r!. T* >r!( or#r #$"# (* o("o$ (o #"!"!!. T* !)o$# or#r %ra$(# (* 3("("o$r &$")"3a'"(y@! o("o$ :or a r"( o: 3o!!!!"o$ "(* (* a$)"''ary r"( o: #o'"("o$ (o 3'a) "$ 3o!!!!"o$ (* 3'a"$(" o$ (* 'a$# !&/?)( o: (*"! )a!, (o (* $# (*a( (* 3&/'") )o$!(r&)("o$ (*ro$ "'' $o( / ?o3ar#"=#. FCA Ro''o, 3. 22. I$ #$y"$% (* o("o$ (o #"!"!!, (* 3("("o$r J&#% !a"#
2. I$ (* )o3'a"$(, (* 3'a"$(" a''%! (*a( (* #:$#a$( "! )'a""$% o$r!*"3 or (* 'a$# *")* a! 3r"o&!'y r$(# (o #:$#a$( /y (* 3'a"$(" &$")"3a'"(y. T*"! a)("o$ "!, (*r:or, )'ar'y a$ a))"o$ # r""$#")a)"o$, a ra' a)("o$ "(*"$ (* ?&r"!#")("o$ o: (*"! )o&r(. +. A! (* )o3'a"$( "! :or r)ory o: o$r!*"3 o: (* 'a$# $o( (o $:or) (* )o$(ra)(, (* 0(a(&( o: ra&# #o! $o( a33'y. 4. T* 'a$# !&/?)( o: (*"! )a! "! )or# /y P. D. No. +;# *"! %ra$("$% (* o("o$ :or a r"( o: 3o!!!!"o$ "(* (* a$)"''ary r"( o: #o'"("o$ /y a33'y"$% (* r&' o$ "$$( #oa"$ FR&' ;7 o: (* R"!# R&'! o: Co&r(, rro$o&!'y r:rr# (o a! R&' ;8 "$ a$a'o%y "$ (*a( &$#r (*"! R&' (* )o3'a"$a$( "! %"$ (* r"%*( (o (* r"( o: 3o!!!!"o$ "$ or#r (*a( 3&/'") )o$!(r&)("o$ a$# 3ro?)(! "'' $o( / #'ay#. A))or#"$% (o (* 3("("o$r
J&#%, (* $)!!"(y o: a r"( o: 3o!!!!"o$ "! %ra(r "$ (* "$!(a$( )a! )o$!"#r"$% (*a( (* 3ar)' o: 'a$# "! )or# /y a Pr!"#$("a' Pro)'aa("o$ a$# (* o$%o"$% )o$!(r&)("o$ (*ro$ "! /"$% $#a$%r# (o / ':( &$>$"!*# o$ a))o&$( o: (* /&"'#"$%! !(a$#"$% o$ (* 3ar)' o: 'a$# /)a&! (* a33ro3r"a("o$ :or (* )o$!(r&)("o$ "%*( / rr(# /a) (o (* $a("o$a' (ra!&ry. T* 3r"a( r!3o$#$(! >'# a$ o$"/&! o("o$ :or r)o$!"#ra("o$ "(* o("o$ (o !( a!"# or#r a$# (o &a!* r"( o: 3o!!!!"o$ a$# #o'"("o$ /&( (*"! a! #$"# "$ a$ or#r #a(# O)(o/r 19, 199H. )#r3 O$ O)(o/r 19, 199H, (* 3("("o$r &$")"3a'"(y "3'$(# (* r"( o: 3o!!!!"o$ a$# a$)"''ary r"( o: #o'"("o$ "!!&# /y (* 3("("o$r J&#% r!&'("$% "$ (* #"!3o!!!!"o$ o: (* 3r"a( r!3o$#$(! :ro (* 3ar)' o: 'a$# a$# (* #o'"("o$ o: !(r&)(&r! a$# /&"'#"$%! (*ro$ o$# /y (* r!3o$#$(!. O$ O)(o/r 2+, 199H, (* 3r"a( r!3o$#$(! >'# (*"r a$!r (o (* )o3'a"$( a''%"$% (*r"$ (*a( (* !&/?)( 3ar)' o: 'a$# *a! /$ o$#, o))&3"# a$# 3o!!!!# /y r!3o$#$( ")$( M#"$a !"$) 1947 *$ * /o&%*( (* !&/?)( 3ar)' :ro a 0&/a$a$ $a("6 (*a( (* o(*r r!3o$#$( or(&$a(a Ro!''o$ 'a!# :ro M#"$a a 3or("o$ o: (* 3ar)' o: 'a$#6 (*a( (* r!3o$#$(! r $r '!!! o: (* 3("("o$r &$")"3a'"(y6 (*a( Pro)'aa("o$ No. +;< "!!&# o$ Mar)* 1# "$ or#r"$% (* ara )'ar# o$ (* !(r$%(* a'o$ o: "(! !(a(&! a! a 3&/'") 3'a=a a! #)'ar# /y (* ?&#")"a' a$# '%"!'a(" a&(*or"("! . . . I:, (*r:or, (* a''%a("o$! "$ (* )o3'a"$( ar (r& a$# (*a( (* 3ar)' o: 'a$# /"$% o))&3"# /y (* 3r"a( r!3o$#$(! "! "$## a 3&/'") 3'a=a, (*$ (* r"( o: 3o!!!!"o$ a$# r"( o: #o'"("o$ o&'# *a /$ ?&!(">#. I$ :a)(, &$#r !&)* )"r)&!(a$)!, (*r o&'# *a /$ $o $# :or a r"( o: 3o!!!!"o$ "$ :aor o: (* 3("("o$r &$")"3a'"(y !"$) (* 3r"a( r!3o$#$(!@ o))&3a("o$ or (* !&/?)( 3ar)' o: 'a$# )a$ $o( / r)o%$"=# /y a$y 'a. A r"( o: #o'"("o$ o&'# *a /$ !&)"$( (o ?)( (* 3r"a( r!3o$#$(!. or, $o( o$'y #"# (* &$")"3a'"(y ao"# (* &! o: a/a($( "(*o&( ?&#")"a' 3ro)#"$%!, /&( (* !(a(&! o: (* !&/?)( 3ar)' o: 'a$# *a! y( (o / #)"##. 3rLL 5 *a (o )o$!"#r (* :a)( (*a( Pro)'aa("o$ No. +;< #a(# Mar)* 1'"$% o: (* "$!(a$( )a!, (* )a#a!(ra' 3ro)#"$%! "$($## (o !((' (* o$r!*"3 or (* &!("o$# 3or("o$ o: (* 3ar)' o: 'a$# &$#r Pro)'aa("o$ No. +;< r !("'' 3$#"$%. O$ o: (* )'a"a$(! "$ (* )a#a!(ra' 3ro)#"$%! "! 3r"a( r!3o$#$( ")$( M#"$a *o (ra)# *"! o$r!*"3 or (* !&/?)( 3ar)' o: 'a$# a! :ar /a) a! 1947 *$ * a''%#'y /o&%*( (* !a :ro a 0&/a$a$ $a(". U$#r (* )a#a!(ra' !y!(, (* %or$$( (*ro&%* (* D"r)(or o: La$#! "$"("a(! (* 3ro)#"$%! /y >'"$% a 3("("o$ "$ )o&r( a:(r *")* a'' o$r! or )'a"a$(! ar )o3''# (o a)( a$# 3r!$( (*"r a$!r! o(*r"! (*y 'o! (*"r r"%*( (o (*"r o$ 3ro3r(y. T* 3&r3o! "! (o !r (* 3&/'") "$(r!(! /y r&"r"$% (*a( (* ("('! (o a$y 'a$#! / !(('# a$# a#?&#")a(#. F0)("o$ 1 Ca#a!(ra' A)( [No. 22! (* r&'@! a$a'o%o&! a33'")a("o$ (o (* )a! a( /ar.
T)*$")a''y, a 3r?&#")"a' &!("o$ !*a'' $o( r"! "$ (* "$!(a$( )a! !"$) (* (o a)("o$! "$o'# ar /o(* )""' "$ $a(&r. or, *a (o )o$!"#r (* :a)( (*a( (* )a#a!(ra' 3ro)#"$%! "'' &'("a('y !((' (* ra' o$rK! o: (* #"!3&(# 3ar)' o: 'a$#. I$ )a! r!3o$#$( ")$( M#"$a "! a#?&#%# (* ra' o$r o: (* 3ar)' o: 'a$#, (*$ (* r"( o: 3o!!!!"o$ a$# r"( o: #o'"("o$ o&'# $)!!ar"'y / $&'' a$# o"#. No( o$'y (*a(. T* #o'"("o$ o: (* )o$!(r&)("o$! "$ (* 3ar)' o: 'a$# o&'# 3ro (r&'y &$?&!( (o (* 3r"a( r!3o$#$(!. Par$(*(")a''y, (* "!!&a$) o: (* r"( o: 3o!!!!"o$ a$# r"( o: #o'"("o$ /y (* 3("("o$r J&#% "$ (* ?)($( 3ro)#"$%! a! 3ra(&r. 5*a( (* 3("("o$r !*o&'# *a #o$ a! (o !(o3 (* 3ro)#"$%! "$ (* "$!(a$( )a! a$# a"( :or (* >$a' o&()o o: (* )a#a!(ra' 3ro)#"$%!. A( a$y ra(, ara(" r'": /a!# o$ (* a/o #"!)&!!"o$! "! $o 'o$%r 3o!!"/'. T* #o'"("o$ o: (* /&"'#"$%! o$# /y (* 3r"a( r!3o$#$(! "! $o a :a"( a))o3'". #)(a" I$ (* )a! o: E!(a( o: Gr%or"a ra$)"!)o . Co&r( o: A33a'! F199 0CRA $a' o$, :or (*ra:(r a! (* r&'! 3r!!'y !(a(, "$ (* 3ro)#"$%! /:or (* Tr"a' Co&r(, @$o o/?)("o$ (o (* r)"! o: (* r"%*( o: )o$#$a("o$ For (* 3ro3r"(y (*ro: !*a'' / >'# or *ar#.@ T* !)o$# 3*a! o: (* "$$( #oa"$ a)("o$ "! )o$)r$# "(* (* #(r"$a("o$ /y (* Co&r( o: @(* ?&!( )o3$!a("o$ :or (* 3ro3r(y !o&%*( (o / (a$.@ T*"! "! #o$ /y (* Co&r( "(* (* a!!"!(a$) o: $o( or (*a$ (*r F+ )o"!!"o$r!. FC"("$% 0)("o$! < (o 8, R&' ;7 o: (* R&'! o: Co&r( T* or#r >"$% (* ?&!( )o3$!a("o$ o$ (* /a!"! o: (* "#$) /:or, a$# >$#"$%! o:, (* )o"!!"o$r! o&'# / >$a', (oo. I( o&'# >$a''y #"!3o! o: (* !)o$# !(a% o: (* !&"(, a$# 'a $o(*"$% or (o / #o$ /y (* Co&r( r%ar#"$% (* "!!& . . .@ or, &3o$ (* >'"$% o: (* )o3'a"$( or a( a$y (" (*ra:(r, (* 3("("o$r *a! (* r"%*( (o (a or $(r &3o$ (* 3o!!!!"o$ o: (* 3ro3r(y "$o'# &3o$ )o3'"a$) "(* P. D. No. 42 *")* r&"r! (* 3("("o$r, a:(r #& $o(") (o (* #:$#a$(, (o #3o!"( "(* (* P*"'"33"$ Na("o$a' Ba$ "$ "(! a"$ o) or a$y o: "(! /ra$)*! or a%$)"!, @a$ ao&$( &"a'$( (o (* a!!!!# a'& o: (* 3ro3r(y :or 3&r3o!! o: (aa("o$.@ T*"! a!!!!# a'& "! (*a( "$#")a(# "$ (* (a #)'ara("o$. $), $ ": )o$)# (*a( R&' ;7 "! a33'")a/' (o (* "$!(a$( )a! a$# (*a( 3("("o$r &$")"3a'"(y *a# (* 'a:&' r"%*( (o ?)( (* 3r"a( r!3o$#$(! :ro (* !&/?)( 3ar)' o: 'a$# (* "!!&a$) o: a r"( o: 3o!!!!"o$ "$ :aor o: 3("("o$r &$")"3a'"(y o&'# !("'' $o( / '%a' ": (* 3("("o$r &$")"3a'"(y ra''y o$! (* 'a$#. T* J&#% #"# $o( r&"r 3("("o$r &$")"3a'"(y (o #3o!"( a$ ao&$( &"a'$( (o (* ?&!( )o3$!a("o$ #& (* 3r"a( r!3o$#$(! a! 3ro"## :or
&$#r Pr!"#$("a' D)r 42. I( "! o$'y a:(r (* #3o!"( o: (* ?&!( )o3$!a("o$ (*a( 3("("o$r &$")"3a'"(y o&'# / $("('# (o a r"( o: 3o!!!!"o$. )#3*"' A$o(*r 3o"$( ra"!# /y (* 3("("o$r! &!("o$! (* a''%# r&'"$% o: (* a33''a( )o&r( (*a( (* 3("("o$r! ar 3r!o$a''y '"a/' :or #aa%! (o (* 3r"a( r!3o$#$(! :or (* a/a($( o: 3&/'") $&"!a$). FRo''o, 3. '# "(* (* a33''a( )o&r(, ao$% o(*r! I( "! '""! 3ray# (*a( r!3o$#$(! / or#r# (o 3ay ?o"$('y a$# !ra''y (* a'& o: (* *o&! "''%a''y #o'"!*# "$ (* ao&$( o: P1,HHH,HHH.HH, a((or$y@! :! "$ (* ao&$( o: P
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