7 Tradiciones Maya

 

@A^ 7 USAEJNJKLF^ BAZA Waiax nmf‚ Uabcjêl nklknjek nkbk tkrk ef baefra, eklef f` tkrk fsta rfprfsfltaek bfejaltf ula pfrskla nkl ula narrfta k ula fstruntura ef baefra nkl nacfza ef tkrk, f` nua` fs traejnjkla` fl `as dfstas patrkla`fs ef tkek f` fstaek y ef `a pflâlsu`a, sf sacf quf uf traâea pkr `ks fspañk`fs fl `a êpkna nk`klja`, sf suf`f ``fvar anack fl `ks fbpks ef narlava`.

Haha`ij` i'êfifl Fstê hufgk, tabcjêl nklknjek nkbk nknmjlk flsfcaek, nklsjstf fl ultar sfck ef rfs pkr tkek f` nufrpk ef` nfrejtk para quf `ks hþvflfs y aeu`tks parnjpaltfs-altf `a a`fgrâa ef` pøc`jnktratfl ef napturar pkr tkea tkea `a p`aza pøc`jna fstf fsnurrjejzk fsnurrjejzk aljba`, fltrf nmj``jeks. Gflfra`bfltf sf rfa`jza rfa`jza fl f` jltfrjkr ef` Fstaek fl `a nklbfbkranjþl ef a`gula fnma nâvjna y nasj sjfbprf fs patrknjlaea pkr `a autkrjeae buljnjpa`.

V pkk` i‚êfifl F` nfrek fs u`jzaek fl fsta nfrfbklja9 para fstk, f` nfrek pf`þl bfxjnalk k cjrjnm i‚êfi‚fl, ta` nkbk sf nklknf fl Zunatál, aljba` sf`fnnjklaek prfvjabfltf pkr `a abj`ja para fstf fvfltk, fs a`jbfltaek nkl mkhas ef rabþl y gralks ef baâz euraltf bás ef ul añk fl f` sk`ar. @`fgaek f` bkbfltk ef sfr sanrjdnaek, su nacfza fs usaea para `a ealza, bjfltras quf f` rfstk ef `a narlf, sfrá gujsaek fl rjnks balharfs, nkbk f` rf``flk lfgrk y `a nknmjljta pjcj` para nklvjear a `ks vjsjtaltfs. Fl `a ealza parnjpal ljñks, hþvflfs, alnjalks y buhfrfs9 fvfltk quf sf manf ankbpañar nkl `a bøsjna fhfnutaea pkr `a nmaralga `kna`9 fsta anvjeae sf narantfrjza a` rfa`jzar ul rfnkrrjek pkr `as prjlnjpa`fs na``fs ef` pufc`k. Euraltf f` efsd`f, sf pkrta nkbk fstaleartf `a nacfza ef nfrek pufstk fl ula nmark`a fl nuyk mknjnk sf flnufltra ul pal, bjsbk quf fs nk`knaek fl ul rfnjpjfltf aekrlaek prfvjabfltf pkr `as buhfrfs. Fl fsta nmark`a, sf nuf`gal njltas ef ejfrfltfs nk`krfs, bjsbas quf euraltf `a ealza skl tkbaeas pkr naea ulk ef `ks parnjpaltfs „ aspfntk quf pultua`jza `a nkmfsjþl nkbuljtarja y ula vjsjþl manja a` bulek-9 `ufgk fsta nkbjva sf efflf fl a`gulks `ugarfs para fsnfljdnar, `a vjea ef` nabpfsjlk, su rf`anjþl nkl fstf aljba` y su pksjc`f vflta a` parekr. @a fsnfljdnanjþl ef fsta ealza aulquf fs ef narántfr rf`jgjksk para `ks bayas, fs granjksk pkrquf parnjpal fl f` antk, `ks eufñks ef` nfrek, qujflfs skl `ks quf aparfltal ``fvar`k, y qujfl pkrta `a nmark`a asubf f` papf` ef fstf aljba` nualek fsta fl vjea.

Mala` _jxal F` mala` pjxál, k "nkbjea ef `as áljbas", fs ula traejnjþl ef` pufc`k baya quf sf ``fva a nack para rfnkrear ef ula balfra fspfnja` a `ks abjgks y parjfltfs quf sf aef`altarkl fl f` vjahf ftfrlk. Fs ul ankltfnjbjfltk fspfnja` para `ks efueks ef `ks ejultks, pufs sacfl quf, fl fstks eâas, ef` >1 ef kntucrf a` 3 ef lkvjfbcrf, `as áljbas "rfnjcfl pfrbjsk" para vjsjtar a sus abj`jarfs. F` prjbfr eâa sf efejna a `ks ljñks y `f ``abal u mala` pa`a`. F` sfgulek eâa, 1 ef lkvjfbcrf, fstá efejnaek a `ks aeu`tks bufrtks y `f ``abal u mala` lununm ujljnkkc, y f` tfrnfr eâa fs f` u

 

mala` pjxalkkc ``abaek fl a`gulks `ugarfs bjsa pjxál, pkrquf fsf eâa sf ap`jna ula bjsa efejnaea a `as áljbas, pkr `k gflfra` fl f` nfbfltfrjk ef `a pkc`anjþl. @a traejnjþl jln`uyf varjks rjtks, pfrk f` prjlnjpa` nklsjstf fl pklfr ula bfsa quf ulnjkla nkbk a`tar, a`ubcraea nkl vf`as ef nfra, efcahk ef `ks árck`fs ef` pak y nfrna ef `as sfpu`turas ef `ks abj`jarfs, eklef sf nk`kna nkbjea pjna ef `a tfbpkraea8 atk`f lufvk, pjcfs k buncjpk``ks, hânabas, balearjlas, laralhas, xfn (bfzn`a mfnma nkl laralha, balearjla,  hânaba y ktras rutas, asâ nkbk nmj`f bk`jek), eu`nf ef papaya, nknk y pfpjta, taba`fs ef x‚pf`þl, vapkrnjtks, ca`nmê (cfcjea fbcrjagaltf quf sf manf nkl `a nkrtfza ef ul árck` quf sf ``aba asâ), pal eu`nf y hânaras ef sacrksk tal-nmunuá (atk`f quf sf acrjna nkl basa ef baâz, nanak, nan ak, pjbjflta pjbjflta y alâs). alâs). Ukek fsk aekrlaek aekrlaek nkl vf`aek vf`aekras ras,, kr krfs, fs, rabas ef ruea ruea y `as ktkgraas ef `as pfrsklas a``fnjeas.

Nfrfbklja ef _a‚ ap‚øu` ‐_aµapµøu ‐_aµap µøu`‒ `‒ (rk (rkbpf bpfrr f` náltar náltark), k), tabcjê tabcjêl l nklknj nklknjek ek nkbk nkbk pjñata pjñata baya.F baya.F`` ‐_a ‐_aµap µapµøu µøu`‒ `‒ sf narantfrjza pkr sfr ula anvjeae a` fs`k pjñata baya, fl `a nua` sf rkbpfl náltarks ef carrk k vfgfta`fs tabcjêl nklknjeks nkbk ‐`fn‒,efltrk ef `ks nua`fs skl nk`knaeks aljba`fs quf fstêl rf`anjklaeks nkl `a ``uvja nkbk jgualas, ralas, nu`fcras, zarjgufyas, avjspas f jln`usk mufvks pkerjeks, nfljzas y marjla. Ejnmks aljba`fs skl napturaeks eâas altfs fl f` pak ef `ks mkgarfs, pkr `ks parnjpaltfs, qujflfs sf krgaljzal para rfnk`fntar f` baykr løbfrk ef fspfnjfs, quf pkstfrjkrbfltf skl nk`knaeas efltrk ef` ‐`fn‒ k náltark ef carrk ya aekrlaeks. Fsta traejnjþl traejnjþl flf krâgflfs krâgflfs prfmjspáljnk prfmjspáljnks, s, sf rfa`jzaca pkr `ks bayas para pfejr ``uvja, sf rfa`jza f` eâa 35 ef huljk.

Mftz Bfi F` mftzbfi fs ula nfrfbklja ekbêsna quf, sfgøl baljdfstal `ks paerfs, efcf rfa`jzarsf nualek `as ljñas nubp`fl trfs bfsfs ef feae y `ks ljñks, nuatrk. ^jl fbcargk, fstk lk sjfbprf fs asâ9 aculeal nasks fl `ks quf sf nf`fcra nualek `ks cfcês ya flfl njlnk bfsfs ef feae. Fsta nfrfbklja rfnjcf su lkbcrf ef `a krba fl quf sf acraza a `a nrjatura pkr prjbfra vfz, nk`knálek`a nk`kná lek`a a mkrnahaeas mkrnahaeas skcrf `a naefra naefra jzqujfrea ef `ks aeu`tks quf mal sjek prfvjabfltf prfvjabfltf jlvjtaeks para sfr paerjlk y/k baerjla. Mftz k hêfts qujfrf efnjr "a`jgfrar", "a`jvjar `a narga", y bfi k bêfi sf traeunf nkbk "acrazar". @ks paerjlks gflfra`bfltf efcfl sfr eks, ul mkbcrf y ula buhfr, pfrk tabcjêl pufef sfr sþ`k ulk. Fl f` ø`bk nask, f` sfxk ef` aeu`tk efcf nkrrfspklefr nkl f` sfxk ef` jlaltf9 ef bkek bke k quf `as ljñas flfl flfl bae baerjl rjla a y `ks ljñks, ljñks, paerjl paerjlk. k. Vsua`b Vsua`bflt fltf f `ks paerjl paerjlks ks skl parjfltfs ef `a abj`ja k pfrsklas buy a``fgaeas ef `a nkbuljeae

Nma‚a Nmáan @a pa`acra Nmaai fl Baya sf rfdfrf a ‐``uvja‒, fs pkr fstk quf cauzarkl a` Ejks ef `a ``uvja nk nkbk bk ‐Ejk ‐Ejkss Nm Nmaa aai‒ i‒.. @a pa pa`ac `acra ra ‐nma ‐nma‚a ‚a‒‒ sj sjgl gljd jdna na ‐n ‐naf afr‒ r‒,, pk pkrr `k qu quf f `a tr trae aeun unnj njþl þl bás bás aprkxjbaea quf tflfbks ef fsta fxprfsjþl sfrâa ‐nafr ``uvja‒. F` Nma‚a Nmaai fs ula nfrfbklja ef pfnjþl quf `ks bayas ``fval manjflek efsef fbpks jlbfbkrja`fs9 nkl f` dl ef quf lulna a`tf ``uvja y quf sus fspanjks latura`fs sjfbprf sfal êr`fs.

 

Efltrk ef `ks prfparavks para f` Nma‚a Nmaai sf nk`kna ul a`tar quf rfprfsflta f` nfltrk ef` bulek. Fstk pkerâa rfnkrearlks ul pknk a` rjtua` Mala` _jxál quf `ks bayas prannal euraltf kntucrf y lkvjfbcrf9 ya quf f` a`tar lulna pjfref f` sjbck`jsbk ef sfr f` f`fbfltk quf nklfnta a `a Ujfrra nkl f` p`alk fspjrjtua`. Fl fstf a`tar sf krfnfl a`jbfltks a `ks ejksfs, aljba`fs quf sf prfparal fxn`usjvabfltf para sfr fltrfgaeks a `as ejvjljeaefs. Uabcjêl sf ``fval a nack p`fgarjas para ``abar a `ks sfñkrfs ef `a ``uvja (yuub nmaik‚kc), a `ks sfñkrfs cuflks (yubtzj`k‚kc iu‚) f jln`usk a` Ejks nrjsalk. Fstk ø` Fstk ø`bk bk sf efc efcf f buy buy pksjc` pksjc`fbf fbfltf ltf a` sjlnrf sjlnrfsb sbk k quf tuvk `a nu`tur nu`tura a Baya Baya nkl f` natk`jnjsbk `ufgk ef >?? añks ef nk`klja`jsbk. F` a`tar quf, ta` nkbk fl f` Mala` _jxál, sf manf pflsalek fl `ks 5 rubcks ef` bulek y manja `ks 1> njf`ks Bayas. ^jflek f` nkltantk quf flfl `ks nmabalfs nkl ula traejnjþl quf eata ef bj`fs ef añks..