6.NMC-Physiology-Week-06 (02-11-2014)

Narayana Medical PG Coaching - Week-06 Test (02-11-2014) Physiology (Cardiovascular System-02, Renal System) 1. Which of the following phases of ventricular diastole strongly depends on heart rate A. Protodiastole B. Isovolumetric relaxation C. Diastasis D. Last rapid filing phase

D. 80 mm Hg 7. How much time does ventricular action potential take from phase 0 to phase 4? A. 300 milli seconds B. 400 milli seconds C. 500 milli seconds D. 600 milli seconds

2. Which of the following is not a characteristic of 1st heart sound? A. It is best heard over the ‘clinical’ mitral area B. Its duration is between 0.09 to 0.16 sec C. It is short and ‘sharp’ D. It marks the beginning of the ventricular systole

8. Lead I in electrocardiograph joins the: A. Left forearm and right forearm B. Right forearm and left forearm C. Left leg and left forearm D. Right leg and left forearm 9. Which of the following represents ventricular repolarization in electrocardiogram? A. P wave B. QRS complex C. S wave D. T wave

3. Which of the following statements is NOT a characteristic of 2nd heart sound? A. It is best heard over the clinical semilunar areas (either aortic or pulmonary) B. In young healthy persons, the second heart sound is best audible at the 2nd left intercostal space close to sternum C. It marks the clinical end of diastole and clinical beginning of the systole D. It consists of short bursts of high frequency waves

10. Flow in a vessel is A. Inversely proportional to radius B. Inversely proportional to the (radius)4 C. Directly proportional to the radius D. Directly proportional to (radius)4

4. Branches of which side of vagus nerve terminate on sinoatrial node? A. Left vagus B. Right vagus C. Both of the above D. Sometime from right and sometime from left vagus

11. The viscosity of blood is increased twice but the radius is reduced to half the blood flow A. Would decrease to 1/32 B. Would increase by 4 times C. Would decrease to half D. Would trmain the same

5. Which of the following parts of vascular tree are also known as muscular arteries? A. Windkessel vessels B. Precapillary resistance vessels C. Post capillary resistance vessels D. Large veins

12. The receptor on cardiac muscle for acetyl choline are A. Nicotinic B. Muscarinic C. α type D. β type

6. Pressure drop in systemic circulation is: A. 98 mm Hg B. 10 mm Hg C. 70 mm Hg

13. Atrial systole in cardiac cycle (at rest): A. Holds very important role since ventricular filling is achieved by it 1

Narayana Medical PG Coaching - Week-06 Test (02-11-2014) Physiology (Cardiovascular System-02, Renal System) B. Holds less important role as 80% of the ventricular filling occurs before atrial contraction C. Completely disrupts cardiac rhythm if it is reduced D. None of the above

A. Systolic pressure of left ventricle B. Diastolic pressure of left ventricle C. Pulse pressure which pushes the arterial wall D. None of the above 20. Mean arterial pressure of the body is: A. Systolic pressure + Diastolic pressure average B. Systolic pressure / 2 C. Diastolic pressure / 2 D. Diastolic pressure + 1/3 (systolic – diastolic pressure

14. The increased venous return to the heart causes: A. End diastolic volume increase B. End systolic volume decrease C. Decrease storke volume D. Decreased isovolumetric ventricularcontraction

21. The diastolic pressure in the right atrium is: A. 120 mm of Hg B. 80 mm of Hg C. 20 mm of Hg D. 0 mm of Hg

15. Typical pulmonary artery systolic and diastolic pressures are: A. 120/80 mm of Hg B. 60/40 mm of Hg C. 24/8 mm of Hg D. 8/0 mm of Hg

22. Which portion of the vascular system contains maximum surface area: A. Aorta and large arteries B. Arterioles C. Capillaries D. Venules

16. First and second heart sounds are due to: A. Opening of AV valves and pulmonary aortic valves respectively B. Closure of AV valves and pulmonary aortic valves respectively C. Opening of pulmonary valves and closure of AV valves D. None of the above

23. The velocity of the flow: A. Increases with increase in sum of cross sectional area B. Decreases with increase in sum of total cross sectional area C. Remains constantirrespective of the surface area D. None of the above

17. The ‘P’ wave in and ECG corresponds to: A. Atrial depolarisation B. Atrial repolarisation C. Ventricular depolarisation D. Ventricular repolarisation 18. The funciton of endothelium is: A. Secrete endothelium derived relaxing factor B. Regulate platelet clumping clotting and anticlotting C. Influence vascular smooth muscle proliferation in disease atherosclerosis D. All of the above

24. The major site of resistance in vascular tree is: A. Capillary B. Venules C. Arterioles D. Aorta 25. When in an experimental animal, the nerve from the arterial baroreceptors are cut, the mean arterial pressure: A. Would decrease

19. The arterial pulse which is palpable on radial artery is due to: 2

Narayana Medical PG Coaching - Week-06 Test (02-11-2014) Physiology (Cardiovascular System-02, Renal System) B. Would increase C. Would not be affected D. Would be variable without proper control

D. Afferent aeteriole constriction 33. Glomerular filterate in a normal individual contains all of the following except. A. Glucose B. Plasma proteins C. Bicarbonate D. Aminoacids

26. Functional unit of kidney is A. Nephron B. Glomerulus C. Collecting ducts D. Hoop of henly

34. Test for estimating kidney functions is A. Serum creatinine B. Serum phosphatase C. Inulin test D. Insulin test

27. In the human kidney , renal papilla projects directly in to the? A. Ureter B. Major calyx C. Minor calyx D. Renal pyramid

35. Which of the following is used to measure renal blood flow A. Inulin B. PAH (para amino hippuric acid) C. Glucose D. All of the above

28. Brush border is seen in? A. Bowan’s capsule B. Proximal convoluted tubule C. Distal convoluted tubule D. Loop of henle

36. Which of the following is used for the estimation of total body content of H2O A. Inulin B. PAH C. Evan’s tube D. Antipyrine

29. The kidney secretes are of the following hormones except A. Renin B. Erythropietin C. Vasopressin D. 1, 2, 5 dihydeoxy cholecalcifend

37. If a substance has a plasma clearance lower that of inulin, the substance in probably handled in the kidney by A. Net tubulae secretion only B. Net tubular reabsorption C. Filteration andnet tubular reabsorption D. Filteration and net tubular secretion

30. Normal glomerular filteration rate is A. 100ml/min B. 125ml/min C. 150ml/min D. 200ml/min 31. GFR is increased when A. Oncotic pressure of plasma increases B. Glomerular hydrostatic pressure is decreased C. Tubular hydrostatic pressure in increased D. Increased blood flow to kidneys

38. Any substance that is filtered by glommeruli and secreted but not reabsorbed by renal tubulesuill have a renal clearance. A. Equal to clearance of inulin B. Greater than clearance of inulin C. Lesser than clearance of inulin D. None of the above

32. All of the following increases GFR except A. Decrease in tubular hydrostatic pressure B. Decrease in plasma oncotic pressure C. Increase in glomerular hydrostatic pressure

39. Which of the following can diffuse freely from plasma to extracellular space? 3

Narayana Medical PG Coaching - Week-06 Test (02-11-2014) Physiology (Cardiovascular System-02, Renal System) A. B. C. D.

Water Co2 Proteins Glucose

46. Which of the following measurements provide in formation regarding the elimination of acid by kidney A. Phosphate excretion and ammonium excretion B. Ammonium and urea excretion C. Nacl and phosphate excretion D. Ammonium and Nacl excretion.

40. Presence of glucose in urine indicates that patient; A. Is having definite diabetic insipides B. Is having diabetic mellius C. Has excessive damage to glomeruli of kidneys D. Had exceed renal threshold levels of glucose

47. Under normal condition the most important mechanism of conservation of sodium by kidney? A. H+secretion and NH3 production to reabsorb sodium from Nacl and excreted ammonium chloride B. H+ secretion and bicarbonate reabsorption along with sodium from Nacl C. H+ secretion and reabsorption of sodium in exhange with potassium D. All of the above

41. Amount of glucose absorbed in proximal convoluted tubule. A. 100 % B. 0 % C. 60 % D. 50 % 42. Which portion of the nephron permits Na+ and K+ freely but not water? A. Distal convoluted tubule B. Ascending loop C. Descending loop D. Collecting tubules 43. Antidiuretic hormone acts (concentration of urine occurs at) A. Proximal convoluted tubule B. Distal convoluted tubule C. Loop of henle D. Collecting tubule

48. During counter current mechanisms which of the area of nephron does filterate become hypertonic/highest osmomolity) to the plasma. A. Bowman’s capsule B. Proximal convoluted tubule C. Loop of henle D. Distal convoluted tubule

at

49. Osmotic pressure of the filterate at the end of PCT is A. Less than that of plasma B. Same that of plasma C. Greater than that of plasma D. Not consistent

44. The reabsorption of Nacl is controlled in kidney by the hormones A. Adernaline secreted by adrenal medulla B. Aldosterone secreted by adrenalcortes C. ADH or vasopressin D. All of the above

50. Which of the following is an aid to the kidney in the elimination of hydrogen ions. A. Reabsorption of bicarbonate B. Reabsorption of urea C. Secretion of sodium D. Secretion of potassium

45. All of the following are actively reabsorbed from proximal convoluted tubule except A. Na and H2O B. Amino acids and urea C. Urea and H2O D. Na and aminoacids

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Narayana Medical PG Coaching - Week-06 Test (02-11-2014) Physiology (Cardiovascular System-02, Renal System) ANSWERS

30

B

Q. No

Ans

31

D

1

C

32

D

2

C

33

B

3

C

34

C

4

B

35

B

5

B

36

D

6

A

37

C

7

A

38

B

8

A

39

D

9

D

40

D

10

D

41

A

42

B

43

D

44

B

45

C

46

A

47

A

48

C

49

B

50

A

11

A

12

B

13

B

14

A

15

C

16

B

17

A

18

D

19

C

20

D

21

D

22

C

23

B

24

C

25

B

26

A

27

C

28

B

29

C 5