6 Exercícios Extras Capítulo2

 

Emstk dg Gxgrnânmis M`triduïîi ê Gstktâstmnk (nkpâtuei 8) DGQIXG, L. E. (8::1). Zrihkhmemdkdg g Gstktâstmnk< Gstktâstmnk< pkrk G`og`fkrmk g Nmì`nmks. 1ª gd., ^îi

^GÏÎI 8.; „ Gspkïis kbistrkms g gvg`tis dg hksqugtg. @k ;.  [uktri u`mvgrsmdkdgs „ ;, 8, > g 4 „ gstîi pkrtmnmpk`di dg ub tir`gmi dg prmbgmrk gtkpk, ; liokrë nib 8 g > nib 4. Is dims vg`ngdirgs dmsputkrîi i nkbpgi`kti g is dims pgrdgdirgs tkbhíb liokrîi. Wb rgsuetkdi pissâvge pidg sgr rgprgsg`tkdi pir ;>84 (; ok`fk dg 8 g > ok`fk dg 4 `is liois dk prmbgmrk gtkpk g ; ok`fk dg > g 8 ok`fk dg 4). k)  Xgeknmi`g tidis is rgsuetkdis dg ^. h)  Xgprgsg`tg pir K i gvg`ti gb qug ; ok`fk i tir`gmi. Xgeknmi`g is rgsuetkdis dg K. n)  Xgprgsg`tg pir H i gvg`ti gb qug 8 sglk ub dis am`kemstks di nkbpgi`kti. Xgeknmi`g is rgsuetkdis dg H.  d)  [ukms sîi is rgsuetkdis dg K W H g dg K ∭ H9 [ukms sîi is rgsuetkdis dg K'9  >. Trìs nibpi`g`tgs gstîi ni`gntkdis pkrk airbkr ub smstgbk ni`airbg gxmhmdi `i dmkorkbk

k sgoumr. Nibi is nibpi`g`tgs `i suhsmstgbk 8-> gstîi ni`gntkdis gb pkrkegei, gssg suhsmstgbk au`nmi`krë sg ki bg`is ub dis dims nibpi`g`tgs m`dmvmdukms au`nmi`kr. Zkrk qug tidi i smstgbk au`nmi`g, i nibpi`g`tg ; dgvg au`nmi`kr, hgb nibi i suhsmstgbk 8->. I gxpgrmbg`ti ni`smstg gb dgtgrbm`kr k ni`dmïîi dg nkdk nibpi`g`tg S^  (sungssi) pkrk ub nibpi`g`tg qug au`nmi`k hgb g A  (akefk)  (akefk) pkrk ub nibpi`g`tg qug `îi au`nmi`kR.

k)  [ug rgsuetkdis gstîi ni`tmdis `i gvg`ti  K  pkrk qug gxktkbg`tg dims dis trìs nibpi`g`tgs au`nmi`gb9 h)  [ug rgsuetkdis gstîi ni`tmdis `i gvg`ti H pkrk qug ki bg`is dims nibpi`g`tgs au`nmi`gb9 n)  [ug rgsuetkdis gstîi ni`tmdis `i gvg`ti N pkrk qug i smstgbk au`nmi`g9 d)  Xgeknmi`g is rgsuetkdis dg N', K W N, K ∭ N, H W N, g H ∭ N.   7. Wbk akbâemk dg trìs pgssiks „ K, H g N „ tgb pek`i dg ubk neâ`mnk bídmnk qug sgbprg pissum

ub bídmni gb nkdk pisti, ;, 8 g >. Durk`tg dgtgrbm`kdk sgbk`k, nkdk bgbhri dk akbâemk vmsmtk k neâ`mnk ubk vgz g í dgsmo`kdk kegktirmkbg`tg k ub pisti. I gxpgrmbg`ti ni`smstg gb rgomstrkr i `übgri di pisti pkrk nkdk bgbhri. WB rgsuetkdi í (;, 8, ;) pkrk  K `i pisti ;, H  `i pisti 8 g N  `i  `i pisti ;. k)  Xgeknmi`g is 8? rgsuetkdis di gspkïi kbistrke.   h) Xgeknmi`g tidis is rgsuetkdis di gvg`ti gb qug is trìs bgbhris sgougb pkrk i bgsbi pisti.

 

n)  n)  Xgeknmi`g tidis is rgsuetkdis di gvg`ti gb qug tidis is bgbhris sgoug pkrk pistis dmagrg`tgs. d)  d)  Xgeknmi`g tidis is rgsuetkdis di gvg`ti gb qug `m`ouíb sgoug pkrk i pisti 8. ?. Wb dgpkrtkbg`ti knkdìbmni tgrbm`iu k vitkïîi sgnrgtk pkrk suk nfgamk. K ur`k ni`tíb

quktri nídueks nib vitis pkrk i nk`dmdkti  K g trìs nib vitis pkrk i nk`dmdkti H. ^upi`fk qug gssks nídueks sglkb rgbivmdks dk ur`k ubk k ubk. k)  Xgeknmi`g tidis is rgsuetkdis pissâvgms. h)  h)  ^upi`fk qug ubk ni`tkogb sglk agmtk ni`airbg nídueks sîi rgbivmdks. Zkrk qug rgsuetkdis K sg bk`tíb `k arg`tg dg H `k ni`tkogb9 ^GÏÎI 8.8 „ Kxmibks, M`tgrprgtkï÷gs g Zriprmgdkdgs dk Zrihkhmemdkdg ;;. Wbk gbprgsk dg au`dis bütuis iagrgng k sgus nemg`tgs dmvgrsis au`dis< ub dg bgrnkdi,

trìs dg tâtueis dmagrg`tgs (nurti, bídmi g ei`oi prkzis), dims au`dis dg kï÷gs (bidgrkdis g dg keti rmsni) g ub bmsti. Dg`trg is usuërmis qug pissugb nitks gb kpg`ks ub au`di, sgougb ks pirng`tkog`s dg nemg`tgs `is dmagrg`tgs au`dis. Bgrnkdi „ 8:%3 Tâtuei nurti prkzi „ ;7%3 Tâtuei m`tgrbgdmërmi „ ;:%3 Tâtuei ei`oi prkzi „ 7%3 Kï÷gs dg keti rmsni „ ;6%3 Kï÷gs dg rmsni bidgrkdi „ 87%3 Bmsti „ ?% Wb nemg`tg qug pissum nitks gb kpg`ks ub au`di í sgegnmi`kdi kegktirmkbg`tg. k)  k)  [uke í k prihkhmemdkdg dg i m`dmvâdui sgegnmi`kdi pissumr nitks di au`di bmsti9 h)  h)  [uke í k prihkhmemdkdg dg i m`dmvâdui sgegnmi`kdi pissumr nitks gb ub au`di dg tâtueis9 n)  n)  [uke í k prihkhmemdkdg dg i m`dmvâdui sgegnmi`kdi `îi pissumr nitks gb ub au`di dg kï÷gs9 ;>.  Wbk gbprgsk dg ni`suetirmk gb m`airbëtmnk kprgsg`tk suks pripistks dg trìs prilgtis.

Xgprgsg`tg pir  Km   2 {prilgti m agnfkdi}, pkrk m  2   2 ;, 8, > g supi`fk qug Z( K;) 2 :,88, Z(  K K8) 2 :,87, Z( K  K>) 2 :,86, Z( K  K;∭K8) 2 :,;;, Z( K  K;∭K>) 2 :,:7, Z(  K K8∭K>) 2 :,:?, Z(  K K;∭K8∭K>) 2 :,:;. Gxprgssg gb pkekvrks nkdk gvg`ti k sgoumr g nkenueg suk prihkhmemdkdg< k)  k)   K; W K8  h)  h)   K;”∭K8” S^uogstîi< ( K  K; W K8)” 2 K;”∭K8” R n)  n)   K; W K8 W K>  d)  d)   K;”∭K8”∭K>” g)  g)   K;”∭K8”∭K>  a) a)   ( K  K;”∭K8” ) W K>  ;7. Ni`smdgrg i tmpi dg sgnkdirk dg riupks (k oës iu geítrmnks) nibprkdk pir nm`ni nemg`tgs

dmagrg`tgs gb ubk eilk. k)  k)  ^g k prihkhmemdkdg dg `i bëxmbi ub dgssgs nemg`tgs akzgr ubk nibprk dg ubk sgnkdirk geítrmnk air :,486, quke sgrë k prihkhmemdkdg dg ki bg`is dims nemg`tgs nibprkrgb ubk sgnkdirk geítrmnk9

 

h)  h)  ^g Z(is nm`ni nibprkrgb k oës) 2 :,;;1 g Z(is nm`ni nibprkrgb geítrmnks) 2 :,::7, quke sgrë k prihkhmemdkdg dg fkvgr ubk nibprk dg ki bg`is ubk dg nkdk tmpi9 ;?. Xgprgsg`tg pir  K i gvg`ti dg qug k prþxmbk siemnmtkïîi dg kssmstì`nmk dg ub ni`suetir dg

ub siatwkrg gstktâstmni sglk rgeknmi`kdk ki pknitg ^Z^^ g pir   H  i gvg`ti dg k prþxmbk siemnmtkïîi dg kludk sgr rgeknmi`kdk ki pknitg ^K^. ^upi`fk qug Z( K) 2 :,>: g Z(H) 2 :,7:. k)  k)  h)  n)  n)  d)  d) 

Zir qug `îi í i nksi dg Z( K) + Z(H) 2 ;9 Nkenueg Z( K  K”). Nkenueg Z( K  K W H). Nkenueg Z( K  K”∭H”).

;=. K m`spgïîi vmsuke dg lu`tks dg siedk gb peknks dg nmrnumtis mbprgssis pidg sgr hkstk`tg

suhlgtmvk. Zkrtg di prihegbk sg irmom`k dis dmvgrsis tmpis dg dgagmtis dg siedks (pir gxgbpei, aketk dg siedk gb pi`tis vkrmkdis) g ktí dk quk`tmdkdg dg ub iu bkms dgssgs dgagmtis. Ni`sgqug`tgbg`tg, ktí bgsbi m`spgtirgs ketkbg`tg trgm`kdis pidgb dmsnirdkr sihrg k dmspismïîi dg ubk lu`tk. Gb ub eitg dg ;:.::: lu`tks, i m`spgtir  K g`ni`triu ?84 qug lueoiu dgagmtuisks, i m`spgtir H  g`ni`triu ?7; g ;;7= airkb g`ni`trkdks pir ki bg`is ub dis m`spgtirgs. ^upi`fk qug ubk dgssks ;:.::: lu`tks sglk sgl k sgegnmi`kdk kegktirmkbg`tg. k)  k)  [uke í k prihkhmemdkdg dg qug k lu`tk sgegnmi`kdk `îi sglk lueokdk dgagmtuisk pir `g`fub dis dims m`spgtirgs9 h)  h)  [uke í k prihkhmemdkdg dg qug k lu`tk sgegnmi`kdk sglk lueokdk dgagmtuisk pgei m`spgtir H, bks `îi pgei m`spgtir K9 8;. Wbk gbprgsk dg sgouris iagrgng quktri `âvgms dg dgduïîi „ `g`fub, hkmxi, bídmi g keti

 „ pkrk is pissumdirgs dg kpþemngs dg sgouris rgsmdg`nmkms g trìs `âvgms dmagrg`tgs „ hkmxi, bídmi g keti „ pkrk is pissumdirgs dg kpþemngs dg sgouris dg kutibþvgms. K tkhgek k sgoumr air`gng ks pripirï÷gs dks dmvgrsks nktgoirmks dg sgourkdis qug pissugb kbhis is tmpis dg sgouris. Zir gxgbpei< k pripirïîi dg m`dmvâduis nib hkmxk dgduïîi dg sgouri rgsmdg`nmke g hkmxk dgduïîi dg sgouri dg kutibþvge í :,:1 (1% dg tidis is m`dmvâduis). Xgsmdg`nmke   Kutibþvge

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^upi`fk qug ub m`dmvâdui qug pissuk kbhis is tmpis dg kpþemngs sglk sgegnmi`kdi kegktirmkbg`tg. k)  k)  [uke í k prihkhmemdkdg dg qug i m`dmvâdui tg`fk ubk dgduïîi bídmk dg kutibþvge g ketk dg rgsmdì`nmk9   h) [uke í k prihkhmemdkdg dg qug i m`dmvâdui tg`fk ubk dgduïîi hkmxk dg kutibþvge9 Wbk dgduïîi hkmxk dg rgsmdì`nmk9

 

n)  n)  [uke í k prihkhmemdkdg dg qug ub m`dmvâdui gstglk `k bgsbk nktgoirmk pkrk dgduï÷gs dg kutibþvge g rgsmdì`nmk9 d)  d)  Nib hksg `k rgspistk dk pkrtg (n), quke í k prihkhmemdkdg dg qug ks duks nktgoirmks sglkb dmagrg`tgs9 g)  g)  [uke í k prihkhmemdkdg dg qug i m`dmvâdui tg`fk ki bg`is ub `âvge hkmxi dg dgduïîi9 a) a)   Wsk`di k rgspistk dk pkrtg (g), quke í k prihkhmemdkdg dg qug `g`fub `âvge dg dgduïîi sglk hkmxi9 8>. Is nibputkdirgs dg sgms bgbhris di nirpi ding`tg dg ub dgtgrbm`kdi dgpkrtkbg`ti

sgrîi suhstmtuâdis. Dims dgegs gsniefgrkb ekptips  g is iutris quktri dgsctips. ^upi`fk qug kpg`ks duks ni`amourkï÷gs pidgb sgr agmtks gb ub dgtgrbm`kdi dmk g qug is dims nibputkdirgs k sgrgb ni`amourkdis sglkb sgegnmi`kdis kegktirmkbg`tg g`trg is sgms (mbpemnk`di ;7 rgsuetkdis moukebg`tg privëvgms sg is nibputkdirgs gstmvgrgb `ubgrkdis ;, 8, ..., 1, dg airbk qug ub rgsuetkdi ni`smstmrë `is nibputkdirgs ; g 8, iutri `is nibputkdirgs ; g > g kssmb pir dmk`tg) k)  k)  [uke í k prihkhmemdkdg dg qug ks duks ni`amourkï÷gs sgegnmi`kdks sglkb dg ekptips9 h)  h)  [uke í k prihkhmemdkdg dg qug ks ni`amourkï÷gs sgegnmi`kdks sglkb dg dgsctips9 n)  n)  [uke í k prihkhmemdkdg dg qug ki bg`is ubk dks ni`amourkï÷gs sgegnmi`kdks sglk dg ub nibputkdir dgsctip9 d)  [uke í k prihkhmemdkdg dg qug ki bg`is ub nibputkdir dg nkdk tmpi sglk gsniefmdi pkrk k ni`amourkïîi9 87. Is trìs prm`nmpkms mtg`s ipnmi`kms dg ngrti tmpi dg nkrri `ivi sîi trk`sbmssîi kutibëtmnk

( K ). ^g ?:% dg tidis is nibprkdirgs siemnmtkrgb  K,  K), tgti siekr (H) g rëdmi nib ND-pekygr ( N ). 6:% siemnmtkrgb H, ?7% siemnmtkrgb N , 67% siemnmtkrgb  K  iu H, =:% siemnmtkrgb  K  iu N , =7% siemnmtkrgb H  iu N   g =6% siemnmtkrgb  K iu H iu  N , nkenueg ks prihkhmemdkdgs dis gvg`tis k sgoumr. S^uogstîi.; - Fkhmemdkdgs hësmnks g ni`ngmtis @is gxgrnânmis ;? g ;6, usg k dmstrmhumïîi dg argquì`nmks khkmxi. K dmstrmhumïîi bistrk i `übgri dg gegmtirgs `irtg-kbgrmnk`is (gb bmef÷gs) dg knirdi nib k mdkdg. (Ai`tg< W.^. Hurgku ia tfg Ng`sus). Ihtg`fk k prihkhmemdkdg dg ub gegmtir gsniefmdi gsniefm di ki knksi Mdkdg dis gegmtirgs ;6 k 8: k`is dg mdkdg 8; k 84 k`is dg mdkdg 87 k >4 k`is dg mdkdg >7 k 44 k`is dg mdkdg 47 k 14 k`is dg mdkdg 17 k`is dg mdkdg iu bkms

Argquì`nmk (gb bmef÷gs) ;:,6 ;>,= 4:,; 4>,> 7>,? >;,=

;?. tgr g`trg 8; g 84 k`is ;6. `îi tgr g`trg ;6 g 8: k`is 84. Qinì gstë pek`glk`di ubk vmkogb dg trìs dmks k ^gktteg, _ksfm`oti`, gb iutuhri. Wsg i

dmkorkbk dk ërvirg qug kpkrgng k sgoumr pkrk rgspi`dgr ês pgrou`tks. (^ 2 sie g N 2 nfuvk.) k)  h)  n)  d) 

G`ubgrg i gspkïi kbistrke. G`ubgrg i(s) rgsuetkdi(s) di gvg`ti "mrë nfivgr durk`tg is trìs dmks". G`ubgrg i(s) rgsuetkdi(s) di gvg`ti "mrë nfivgr durk`tg gxktkbg`tg ub dmk". G`ubgrg i(s) rgsuetkdi(s) di gvg`ti "mrë nfivgr durk`tg pgei bg`is ub dmk".

 

^GÏÎI >.8 - Gstg`dg`di is ni`ngmtis hësmnis ;:. K prihkhmemdkdg dg ub `irtg-kbgrmnk`i sgr di tmpi sk`ouâ`gi KH+ í dg >%. Nm`ni pgssiks

sgb pkrg`tgsni g`trg sm, `is Gstkdis W`mdis, sîi sgegnmi`kdks ki knksi. (Ai`tg< Kbgrmnk`  Kssinmktmi` ia Heiid Hk`cs). k)  Ihtg`fk k prihkhmemdkdg dg ks nm`ni sgrgb di tmpi sk`ouâ`ui KH+. h)  Ihtg`fk k prihkhmemdkdg dg `g`fubk dks nm`ni sgrgb di tmpi sk`ouâ`ui KH+. n)  Ihtg`fk k prihkhmemdkdg dg pgei bg`is ubk dks nm`ni sgrgb di tmpi sk`ouâ`ui KH+. ^GÏÎI >.> - Fkhmemdkdgs hësmnks g ni`ngmtis =. Wbk nibpk`fmk qug akhrmnk nkmxks dg pkpgeîi pgrnghg qug<

  k prihkhmemdkdg dg sg priduzmr ubk nkmxk nib ub auri í dg :,:7.   k prihkhmemdkdg dg ubk nkmxk tgr ub nk`ti gsbkokdi í dg :,:6.   k prihkhmemdkdg dg ubk nkmxk tgr ub auri g ub nk`ti gsbkokdi í dg :,::4.

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k)  Is gvg`tis "sgegnmi`kr ubk nkmxk nib auri" g "sgegnmi`kr ubk nkmxk nib ub nk`ti gsbkokdi" sîi butukbg`tg gxneusmvis9 Gxpemqug. h)  ^g ub m`spgtir dg qukemdkdg gsniefgr ki knksi ubk nkmxk, dgtgrbm`g k dg k nkmxk tgr ub auri iu ub nk`ti gsbkokdi ;;. I `übgri dg rgspistks k ub egvk`tkbg`ti kpkrgng `i dmkorkbk dg Zkrgti. I

egvk`tkbg`ti pgrou`tiu k ;:;6 kduetis `irtg-kbgrmnk`is nibi gegs sg sg`tmkb kngrnk dis pkdr÷gs dg sgourk`ïk dks em`fks kírgks nibgrnmkms bkms mbpirtk`tgs dis Gstkdis W`mdis. Nkdk pgssik dgu ubk rgspistk. Ihtg`fk ks prihkhmemdkdgs k sgoumr. (Ai`tg< Okeeup/N@@/W^K Tidky) k)  ^gegnmi`kr kegktirmkbg`tg, dk kbistrk, ubk pgssik qug `îi ni`amg `k sgourk`ïk dks vmkog`s kírgks. h)  ^gegnmi`kr ki knksi, dk kbistrk, ubk pgssik qug gstglk ub piuni iu bumti ni`amk`tg kngrnk dk sgourk`ïk dks vmkog`s vm kog`s kírgks.

 

^GÏÎI >.4 - Fkhmemdkdgs g ni`ngmtis sge gnmi`kr nirrgtkbg`tg nm`ni `übgris (gb qukequgr ;=. Gb ubk eitgrmk gstkduke, dgvgb-sg sgegnmi`kr irdgb) dg`trg is 4: pkrk ok`fkr i prmbgmri prìbmi. (k) Dg quk`tks bk`gmrks is nm`nis `übgris pidgb sgr gsniefmdis g`trg is 4:9 (h) ^g vinì nibprkr ub hmefgtg dg eitgrmk, quke sgrë k prihkhmemdkdg dg ok`fkr i prmbgmri prìbmi9 Bi`toibgry, D. N.3 Xu`ogr, O. N. (8::>). Gstktâstmnk Kpemnkdk g Zrihkhmemdkdg pkrk G`og`fgmris. 8ª gd, Xmi dg Lk`gmri< ETN

Nkpâtuei > „ Gxgrnânmis pkrk k ^gïîi >.7 >.4= Ni`smdgrg is dkdis sihrg ni`tkbm`kïîi dg pkstmefks g einkemzkïîi `k agrrkbg`tk dg

priduzmr akâsnk. Ni`smdgrg qug ubk pkstmefk sglk sgegnmi`kdk ki knksi, dgssg ni`lu`ti. Akïk K dg`itkr i gvg`ti gb qug ubk pkstmefk ni`tg`fk quktri iu b kms pkrtânueks g akïk H dg`itkr i gvg`ti gb qug ubk pkstmefk sglk privg`mg`tg privg`m g`tg di ng`tri dk agrrkbg`tk dg priduzmr akâsnk. Dgtgrbm`g k)  h)  n)  d) 

Z(K) Z(K|H) Z(H) Z(H|K)

g)  Z(K H) a)  Z(KWH) >.7? ^upi`fk qug Z(K|H) 2 :.8, Z(K|H”) 2 :.> g Z(H) 2 :.6. [uke í Z(K)9 >.7= ^upi`fk qug 8% dis rieis dg tgnmdi dg keoidîi g >% dis rieis dg tgnmdi dg `ëmei`

ni`tg`fkb akefks. Dis rieis uskdis pir ub akhrmnk`tg, ?:% sîi dg keoidîi g >:% sîi dg `ëmei`. [uke sgrë k prihkhmemdkdg dg qug ub riei sgegnmi`kdi kegktirmkbg`tg, uskdi pgei akhrmnk`tg, ni`tg`fk akefks9 >.1; K kspgrgzk `ks hirdks dg pridutis dg pkpge nirtkdi kubg`tk ê bgdmdk qug ks eèbm`ks

dg ubk aknk vîi sg`di okstks. ^ibg`tg ;% dis pridutis nirtkdis nib `ivks eèbm`ks tgb hirdks ëspgrks, >% dis pridutis nirtkdis nib eèbm`ks bgdmkbg`tg kamkdks gxmhgb ruoismdkdg g 7% dis pridutis nirtkdis nib eèbm`ks okstks gxmhgb ruoismdkdg. ^g 87% dks eèbm`ks `k akhrmnkïîi airgb `ivks, 1:¨airgb bgdmkbg`tg bgdm kbg`tg kamkdks g ;7% airgb okstks, quke sgrë k pripirïîi dis pridutis qug gxmhgb ubk kspgrgzk `ks hirdks9 >.1> @ubk hktgekdk dg 87 pgïks biedkdks pir m`lgïîi, 7 dgeks siargrkb gxngssmvi

g`niefmbg`ti. k)  ^g duks pgïks airgb sgegnmi`kdks ki knksi g sgb rgpismïîi, quke sgrë k prihkhmemdkdg dg qug k sgou`dk pgïk tg`fk siarmdi gxngssmvi g`niefmbg`ti9   h) ^g trìs pgïks airgb gsniefmdks ki knksi g sgb rgpismïîi, quke sgrë k prihkhmemdkdg dg qug k tgrngmrk pgïk tg`fk siarmdi gxngssmvi g`niefmbg`ti9

 

>.=> Is dkdis dg 8:: pgïks usm`kdks gstîi rgsubmdis k sgoumr<

ni`dmïîi dk gxtrgbmdkdg orissgmrk bidgrkdk emsk

Zriau`dmdkdg di irmaânmi Knmbk di vkeir dgsglkdi khkmxi di vkeir dgsglkdi ;7 ;: 87 8: 1: ?:

  k) [uke í k prihkhmemdkdg dg qug ubk pgïk sgegnmi`kdk tg`fk ubk gxtrgbmdkdg gb ni`dmïîi bidgrkdk g ubk priau`dmdkdg di irmaânmi khkmxi di vkeir kevi9 h)  h)  [uke í k prihkhmemdkdg dg qug ubk pgïk sgegnmi`kdk tg`fk ubk gxtrgbmdkdg gb ni`dmïîi bidgrkdk iu ubk priau`dmdkdg di irmaânmi khkmxi di vkeir kevi9 n)  n)  [uke í k prihkhmemdkdg dg qug ubk pgïk sgegnmi`kdk `îi tg`fk ubk gxtrgbmdkdg gb ni`dmïîi bidgrkdk iu `îi tg`fk ubk priau`dmdkdg di irmaânmi khkmxi di vkeir kevi9 d)  d)  Ni`struk ub dmkorkbk dg Qg``, Q g``, nib k rgprgsg`tkïîi dis gvg`tis `i gspkïi kbistrke. >.=7 Wbk peknk dg kïi ni`tíb 8: pkrkausis. Ni`smdgrg qug 7 pkrkausis `îi gstglkb

kpgrtkdis ktí i embmtg kpriprmkdi. [uktri pkrkausis sîi sgegnmi`kdis ki knksi, sgb rgpismïîi, pkrk vgrmamnkïîi di tirqug. k)  [uke í k prihkhmemdkdg prihkhme mdkdg dg qug tidis is quktri pkrkausis sgegnmi`kdis gstglkb kpgrtkdis ktí i embmtg embm tg kpriprmkdi9 h)  h)  [uke í k prihkhmemdkdg prihkhme mdkdg dg qug `i bâ`mbi ub dis pkrkausis sgegnmi`kdis `îi tg`fk smdi kpgrtkdi ktí i embmtg kpriprmkdi9 >.=? Gb ubk ipgrkïîi dg g`nfmbg`ti kutibëtmni, k prihkhmemdkdg dg ub g`nfmbg`ti

m`nirrgti quk`di i pringssi air ipgrkdi k hkmxk vgeinmdkdg sgrë :.::;. [uk`di i pringssi air ipgrkdi k ketk vgeinmdkdg, k prihkhmemdkdg dg ub g`nfmbg`ti m`nirrgti sgrë :.:;. ^upi`fk qug >:% dis rgsgrvktþrmis sglkb nfgmis quk`di i pringssi air ipgrkdi k ketk vgeinmdkdg g i rgstk`tg sglk nfgmi k hkmxk vgeinmdkdg. vge inmdkdg. k)  k)  [uke í k prihkhmemdkdg prihkhme mdkdg dg ub rgsgrvktþrmi sgr nfgmi mm`nirrgtkbg`tg9 `nirrgtkbg`tg9 h)  h)  ^g ub rgsgrvktþrmi nfgmi m`nirrgtkbg`tg air g`ni`trkdi, quke í k prihkhmemdkdg dg qug geg tg`fk smdi nfgmi durk`tg ubk ipgrkïîi k ketk vgeinmdkdg9 ^gïîi 4.;. Qkrmëvgms kegktþrmks dmsnrgtks g dmstrmhumï÷gs dg prihkhmemdkdg Zkrk nkdk ub dis sgoum`tgs gxgrnânmis, dgtgrbm`g i k akmxk(vkeirgs pissâvgms) dk vkrmëvge kegktþrmk< 4.;. K vkrmëvge kegktþrmk í i `übgri dg ni`gx÷gs siedkdks `îi ni`airbgs gb ubk peknk dg

nmrnumti mbprgssi nib ;.::: ni`gx÷gs. 4.>. Wbk gsnkek gegtrô`mnk, qug bistrk pgsis pkrk k emhrk bkms prþxmbk, í uskdk pkrk pgskr

pknitgs. I bistrkdir kprgsg`tk sibg`tg nm`ni keokrmsbis. [ukequgr pgsi bkmir qug kqugeg qug i bistrkdir pidg m`dmnkr í bistrkdi nibi ―=====‒. K vkrmëvge kegktþrmk í i pgsi bistrkdi.

 

4.7. Wbk hktgekdk dg 7:: pgïks usm`kdks ni`tíb ;: qug `îi ktg`dgb is rgqugrmbg`tis di

ni`submdir. Zgïks sîi sgegnmi`kdks sungssmvkbg`tg, sgb rgpismïîi, ktí qug ubk pgïk `îi ni`airbg sglk ihtmdk. K vkrmëvge vkrm ëvge kegktþrmk í i `übgri dg pgïks sge sgegnmi`kdks. gnmi`kdks. 4.?. K vkrmëvge kegktþrmk í i `ubgri dg akefks `k supgraânmg gb ubk ork`dg sgrpg`tm`k dg kïi

okevk`mzkdi. 4.=.  Wb pgdmdi dg ub kutibþvge pidg sgegnmi`kr i bidgei hësmni, iu kdmnmi`kr qukequgr

`übgri dg ;7 ipnmi`kms. K vkrmëvge kegktþrmk í i `ubgri dg ipï÷gs sgegnmi`kdks gb ub pgdmdi. X]K@, T. (8::=). Gstktâstmnk Bidgr`k pkrk p krk G`og`fkrmk. Xmi dg Lk`gmri „ Zrihkhmemdkdg Zrihkhme mdkdg g Dmstrmhumï÷gs dg Zrihkhmemdkdgs Bkms Nibu`s >.> Wbk pgsqumsk bistrk qug 4:% dis rgsmdg`tgs dg ub dgtgrbm`kdi hkmrri eggb i lir`ke

bktutm`i, 17% eggb i lir`ke vgspgrtm`i g ;:% eggb kbhis k)  k)  [uke í k prihkhmemdkdg dg qug ubk pgssik sgegnmi`kdk kegktirmkbg`tg egmk i lir`ke bktutm`i iu vgspgrtm`i, iu kbhis9 h)  h)  Koirk, supi`fk qug is lir`kms dk bk`fî g dk tkrdg sglkb sgl kb suhsgqug`tgbg`tg nibhm`kdis, nibi inirrgu nib is lir`kms dg Ktek`tk gb agvgrgmri dg 8::8, nib i  lir`ke g`trgoug pgek bk`fî. ^g i lir`ke `îi pgrdgr (iu ok`fkr) kssm`k`tgs, pidg sgr dgtgrbm`kdk quke k prihkhmemdkdg prihkhmem dkdg dg ubk pgssik gsniefmdk kegktirmkbg`tg rgnghgr i  lir`ke9 ^g pudgr, quke í k prihkhmemdkdg9 ^g `îi pudgr, gxpemqug pir quì. >.1 Wb dkdi í riekdi g ubk bigdk í ek`ïkdk. Nkenueg k prihkhmemdkdg dg ihtgr ;, >, 4 iu 1 g

ubk nkrk iu ubk nirik. TXMIEK, B. A. (8:;>). M`triduïîi ê Gstktâstmnk< Ktukemzkïîi dk Tgn`ieiomk. ;;ª gd., Xmi dg Lk`gmri< ETN

^gïîi 4.> „ Xgork dk Kdmïîi 4>. Nibpegbg`tkrgs g k Xgork dk Kdmïîi.

k)  k)  Dgsg`vievk ubk aþrbuek pkrk k prihkhmemdkdg dg `îi sg ihtgr `gb K g `gb H gb ubk ü`mnk tg`tktmvk. Msti í, knfg ubk gxprgssîi Z(K iu H)N . h)  h)  Dgsg`vievk ubk aþrbuek pkrk k prihkhmemdkdg dg `îi sg ihtgr K iu `îi sg ihtgr H gb ubk ü`mnk tg`tktmvk. Msti í, knfg k nfg ubk gxprgssîi pkrk Z(KN iu HN ). n)  n)  Nibpkrg is rgsuetkdis dks pkrtgs k) g h). Z(K iu H)N 2 Z(KN iu HN )9 ^gïîi 4.7 „ Xgork dk Buetmpemnkïîi< Nibpegbg`tkrgs g Zrihkhmemdkdg Ni`dmnmi`ke >;.  K`mvgrsërmis pkrtmefkdis „ Knfg k prihkhmemdkdg dg qug g`trg 87 pgssiks sgegnmi`kdks

kegktirmkbg`tg k)  k)  `g`fub pkr tg`fk k bgsbk dktk dg k`mvgrsërmi   h) pgei bg`is duks pgssiks tg`fkb k bgsbk dktk dg k`mvgrsërmi. k `mvgrsërmi.

 

>>. Bi`tk`fk-russk „ K bi`tk`fk-russk Xinc”` Xieegr Nistgr `is Gstüdmis Dms`gy-BOB gb

Irek`di tgb dims kssg`tis gb nkdk ubk dks ;8 ameks. Ks pgssiks sîi nieinkdks `is kssg`tis dg knirdi nib k irdgb dg nfgokdk. ^g vinì vmklk ubk vgz `gssk bi`tk`fk-russk, quke í k prihkhmemdkdg dg ni`sgoumr k nihmïkdk prmbgmrk amek9 [uk`tks vgzgs vinì dgvg mr dg bidi qug fklk =7% dg nfk`ng dg ihtgr k prmbgmrk amek pgei bg`is ubk vgz9 Gxgrnânmis dg Xgvmsîi Nkpkngtgs g Agrmbg`tis „ @is Gxgrnânmis ;-;:, usg is dkdis dk tkhgek qug sgoug<

Agrmbg`tis `k Nkhgïk

^gb Agrmbg`tis

=1

171

Wskvk Nkpkngtg

46: 8>>: ;. ^g ub dis sulgmtis í sgegnmi`kdi kegktirmkbg`tg, knfg k prihkhmemdkdg dg sgr sgegnmi`kdi keouíb qug tgvg agrmbg`ti `k nkhgïk. ^gb Nkpkngtg

8. ^g ub dis sulgmtis í sgegnmi`kdi kegktirmkbg`tg, knfg k prihkhmemdkdg dg sgr sgegnmi`kdi

keouíb qug uskvk nkpkngtg. >. ^g ub dis sulgmtis í sgegnmi`kdi kegktirmkbg`tg, knfg k prihkhmemdkdg dg sgr sgegnmi`kdi

keouíb qug tgvg agrmbg`ti `k nkhgïk iu qug uskvk nkpkngtg. 4. ^g ub dis sulgmtis í sgegnmi`kdi kegktirmkbg`tg, knfg k prihkhmemdkdg dg sgr sgegnmi`kdi

keouíb qug `îi uskvk nkpkngtg iu qug q ug `îi siargu agrmbg`tis. 7. ^g ub dis sulgmtis í sgegnmi`kdi kegktirmkbg`tg, knfg k prihkhmemdkdg dg sgr sgegnmi`kdi

keouíb qug uskvk nkpkngtg g qug siargu agrmbg`ti agrmb g`ti `k nkhgïk. 1. ^g ub dis sulgmtis í sgegnmi`kdi kegktirmkbg`tg, knfg k prihkhmemdkdg dg sgr sgegnmi`kdi

keouíb qug `îi uskvk nkpkngtg g qug `îi siargu agrmbg`tis. ?. ^g dims dmagrg`tgs sulgmtis di gstudi sîi sgegnmi`kdis kegktirmkbg`tg, knfg k prihkhmemdkdg

dg qug kbhis gstmvgssgb usk`di nkpkngtg. 6. ^g dims dmagrg`tgs sulgmtis di gstudi sîi sgegnmi`kdis kegktirmkbg`tg, knfg k prihkhmemdkdg

dg qug kbhis tg`fkb siarmdi agrmbg`tis `k nkhgïk. =. ^g ub dis sulgmtis í sgegnmi`kdi kegktirmkbg`tg, knfg k prihkhmemdkdg dg sgr sgegnmi`kdi

keouíb qug `îi uskvk nkpkngtg, dkdi qug siargu agrmbg`tis `k nkhgïk. ;:. ^g ub dis sulgmtis í sgegnmi`kdi kegktirmkbg`tg, knfg k prihkhmemdkdg dg sgr sgegnmi`kdi

keouíb qug `îi siargu agrmbg`tis, dkdi qug uskvk nkpkngtg. nk pkngtg. _kepieg, X. G.3 Bygrs, X. F.3 Bygrs, ^. E.3 ]g, C. (8::=) Zrihkhmemdkdg & Gstktâstmnk pkrk G`og`fkrmk g Nmì`nmks. 6ª gd., ^îi Zkuei< Zrg`tmng Fkee Hrksme

^gï÷gs 8.; „ Gspkïi Kbistrke g 8.8 „ Gvg`tis 8.7 Wb gxpgrmbg`ti ni`smstg gb ek`ïkr ub dkdi g, g`tîi, ubk bigdk ubk vgz, sg i `übgri di dkdi air pkr. ^g i `übgri `i dkdi air âbpkr, k bigdk í liokdk duks vgzgs. Wsk`di k

 

`itkïîi 4F, pir gxgbpei, pkrk dg`itkr i rgsuetkdi `i quke i dkdi dë 4 g k bigdk dë nkrk, g >FT pkrk dg`itkr i rgsuetkdi quk`di i dkdi dë > g k bigdk dë ubk nkrk g ubk nirik, ni`struk ub dmkorkbk dg ërvirg pkrk bistrkr is ;6 gegbg`tis di gspkïi kbistrke ^.  8.= Zkrk i gspkïi kbistrkm di Gxgrnânmi 8.7<

k)  k)  Emstg is gegbg`tis nirrgspi`dg`tgs ki gvg`ti  K, gb qug ub `übgri bg`ir qug > sglk ihtmdi `i dkdi. h)  Emstg is gegbg`tis nirrgspi`dg`tgs ki gvg`ti H, gb qug inirrkb duks niriks. n)  n)  Emstg is gegbg`tis nirrgspi`dg`tgs ki gvg`ti Kn.  d)  d)  Emstg is gegbg`tis nirrgspi`dg`tgs ki gvg`ti Kn∭ H.  g)  g)  Emstg is gegbg`tis nirrgspi`dg`tgs ki gvg`ti K W H.  ^gï÷gs 8.4 „ Zrihkhmemdkdg dg ub gvg`ti g 8.7 „ Xgorks kdmtmvks 8.7; G`ni`trg is grris gb nkdk ubk dks kamrbkï÷gs khkmxi<

k)  k)  Ks prihkhmemdkdgs dg qug ub vg`dgdir dg nkrris vg`dk :, ;, 8 iu > nkrris gb qukequgr dmk dg agvgrgmri sîi, rgspgntmvkbg`tg, :,;=3 :,>63 :,8= g :,;7. h)  h)  K prihkhmemdkdg dg qug nfivgrë kbk`fî í dg :,4:, g k prihkhmemdkdg dg qug `îi nfivgrë í dg :,78. n)  Ks prihkhmemdkdgs dg qug ubk mbprgssirk nibgtgrë :, ;, 8, >, 4 iu bkms grris ki prgpkrkr ub dinubg`ti sîi, rgspgntmvkbg`tg, :,;=3 :,>43 -:,87 3 :,4> g :,8=. d)  d)  Gb ubk ü`mnk rgtmrkdk dg nkrtks dg ub hkrkefi, k prihkhmemdkdg dg sg tmrkr ubk nkrtk dg nipks í dg ;/4, k prihkhmemdkdg dg sg tmrkr ubk nkrtk prgtk í dg ;/8 g dg sgegnmi`kr ubk nkrtk dg nipks prgtk í dg ;/6.   8.77  K prihkhmemdkdg dg qug ubk m`düstrmk `irtg-kbgrmnk`k sgrë einkemzkdk gb Vk`okm, `k

Nfm`k, í dg :,?3 k prihkhmemdkdg dg qug sgrë einkemzkdk gb Zgqumb, Nfm`k, í dg :,43 g k prihkhmemdkdg dg qug sgrë einkemzkdk gb Vk`okm  iu gb Zgqumb, iu gb kbhis is euokrgs, í dg :,6. [uke í k prihkhmemdkdg dg qug k gbprgsk sglk einkemzkdk< k)  k)  gb kbhks ks nmdkdgs9 h)  h)  gb `g`fubk dks nmdkdgs9  8.17  Gb ubk nekssg dg ;:: airbk`dis di g`sm`i bídmi, 74 gstudkrkb bktgbëtmnk, 1=

gstudkrkb fmstþrmk g >7 gstudkrkb kbhks ks bktírmks. ^g ub dgssgs gstudk`tgs air sgegnmi`kdi kegktirmkbg`tg, dgtgrbm`g k prihkhmemdkdg dg qug< k)  k)  h)  h)  n)  n)  d)  d) 

i gstudk`tg tg`fk gstudkdi bktgbëtmnk iu fmstþrmk. i gstudk`tg `îi tg`fk gstudkdi `g`fubk dgssks bktírmks. i gstudk`tg tg`fk gstudkdi fmstþrmk, bks `îi bktgbëtmnk. bktgbë tmnk.

8.?> Í nibub, gb bumtks ërgks m`dustrmkms, i usi dg bëqum`ks g`vkskdirks pkrk nieinkr is

pridutis gb nkmxks. Mssi inirrg `k m`düstrmk kembg`tânmk, hgb nibi gb iutrks ërgks `ks qukms is pridutis tìb usi dibístmni, nibi i dgtgrog`tg. Tkms bëqum`ks `îi sîi pgragmtks g pidgb<  K, ktg`dgr ês gspgnmamnkï÷gs3 H, g`nfgr ks nkmxks bg`is di qug i `gngssërmi3 iu N,

 

g`nfgr bkms di qug i `gngssërmi. Ogrkebg`tg, i `îi g`nfmbg`ti dks nkmxks í i qug sg dgsglk gvmtkr. ^glk Z(H) 2 :,::; g`quk`ti Z(K) 2 :,==:. k)  k)  Air`gïk Z(N).  h)  h)  [uke í k prihkhmemdkdg dg k bëqum`k `îi g`nfgr ks nkmxks bg`is di qug i `gngssërmi9 n)  n)  [uke í k prihkhmemdkdg dg k bëqum`k g`nfgr ks nkmxks bkms di qug i `gngssërmi iu g`nfgr bg`is di qug i `gngssërmi9 ^gï÷gs 8.1 „ Zrihkhmemdkdg ni`dmnmi`ke g 8.? „ Xgorks buetmpemnktmvks 8.?? ^g X í i gvg`ti `i quke ub ni`dg`kdi nibgtgu kssketi ê bîi krbkdk g D í i gvg`ti `i

quke i ni`dg`kdi vg`dgu drioks, g`u`nmg gb pkekvrks ks prihkhmemdkdgs gxprgssks pir< k)  k)  Z(X|D)3  h)  h)  Z(Dn|X)3  n)  n)  Z(Xn|Dn ).  nekssmam nkdk pgei sgu sgxi g `âvge dg m`struïîi. 8.?= Wbk kbistrk kegktþrmk dg 8:: kduetis í nekssmamnkdk @âvge dg m`struïîi Gegbg`tkr

^gxi bksnuem`i >6

^gxi agbm`m`i 47

^gnu`dërmi 86 7: W`mvgrsmtërmi 88 ;? ^g ubk pgssik dgssg orupi air gsniefmdk kegktirmkbg`tg, dgtgrbm`g k prihkhmemdkdg dg qug< k)  k)  k pgssik í ub fibgb, g rgnghgu gdunkïîi sgnu`dërmk. sgn u`dërmk. h)  h)  k pgssik `îi tgb `âvge u`mvgrsmtërmi, g í di sgxi agbm`m`i. 8.67 K prihkhmemdkdg dg qug ub fibgb nkskdi kssmstk k ngrti priorkbk dg tgegvmsîi í dg :,4

g dg qug ubk buefgr nkskdk kssmstk í dg :,7. K prihkhmemdkdg dg qug ub fibgb kssmstk ki priorkbk, dkdi qug suk buefgr kssmstg, í dg :,?. Dgtgrbm`g k prihkhmemdkdg dg qug< k)  k)  ub nkske kssmstk ki priorkbk. h)  h)  ubk gspisk kssmstk ki priorkbk, dkdi qug sgu bkrmdi i akïk. n)  n)  pgei bg`is ubk pgssik di nkske kssmstk ki priorkbk. 8.6= K prihkhmemdkdg dg qug ub bídmni akïk i dmko`þstmni dg ubk dig`ïk nirrgtkbg`tg í dg

:,?. Dkdi qug i bídmni akz ub dmko`þstmni m`nirrgti, k prihkhmemdkdg dg qug i pknmg`tg g`trg nib ub pringssi í dg :,=. [uke í k prihkhmemdkdg dg qug i bídmni grrg i dmko`þstmni g sglk pringsskdi pgei pknmg`tg9 8.=7 Wbk vkemsg ni`tíb dims arksnis dg kspmrm`ks g trìs arksnis dg tkhegtgs pkrk k tmrgþmdg.

Wbk sgou`dk skniek ni`tíb trìs arksnis dg kspmrm`ks, dims tkhegtgs pkrk tmrgþmdg g ub arksni dg ekxk`tgs. ^g ub arksni air rgtmrkdi kegktirmkbg`tg dg nkdk ubk dks sknieks, dgtgrbm`g k prihkhmemdkdg dg qug< k)  k)  kbhis ni`tg`fkb tkhegtgs pkrk k tmrgþmdg. h)  h)  `g`fub dis arksnis ni`tg`fk tkhegtgs pkrk k tmrgþmdg. n)  is dims arksnis ni`tg`fkb tkhegtgs dmagrg`tgs.

 

^gïîi 8.6 „ Xgork dg Hkygs 8.;:;  Gb ngrtk rgomîi di pkâs, skhg-sg, hksgkdi gb gxpgrmì`nmks k`tgrmirgs, qug k

prihkhmemdkdg dg sgegnmi`kr ub kdueti nib bkms dg 4: k`is, nib nè`ngr, í dg :,:7. ^g k prihkhmemdkdg dg i bídmni dmko`istmnkr nirrgtkbg`tg ubk pgssik nib nè`ngr nibi pirtkdirk dk dig`ïk í dg :,?6 g k prihkhmemdkdg dg dmko`istmnkr m`nirrgtkbg`tg ubk pgssik sgb nè`ngr nibi sg`di pirtkdirk dk dig`ïk í dg :,:1, quke í k prihkhmemdkdg dg qug k pgssik sglk dmko`istmnkdk nib nè`ngr9 8.;:> Xgagrm`di-sg ki Gxgrnânmi 8.;:;, quke í k prihkhmemdkdg dg qug k pgssik dmko`istmnkdk

nib nè`ngr rgkebg`tg tg`fk k dig`ïk9 8.;:7 ^upi`fk qug quktri m`spgtirgs gb ubk aëhrmnk dg amebgs tg`fkb dg gstkbpkr k dktk dg

vkemdkdg gb nkdk pknitg dg amebg, ki am`ke dk em`fk dg bi`tkogb. Lif`, qug gstkbpk 8:% dis pknitgs, `îi gstkbpk k dktk dg vkemdkdg gb ub dg nkdk 8:: pknitgs3 Tib, qug gstkbpk 1:% dis pknitgs, grrk ubk vgz k nkdk ;:: pknitgs3 Lgaa, qug gstkbpk ;7% dis pknitgs, grrk ubk vgz k nkdk =: pknitgs3 g Zkt, qug gstkbpk 7% dis pknitgs, grrk ubk vgz k nkdk 8:: pknitgs. ^g ub nemg`tg rgnekbk qug suk gbhkekogb dg amebg `îi ni`tíb k dktk dg vkemdkdg, quke í k prihkhmemdkdg dg qug gek tg`fk smdi m`spgnmi`kdk pir Lif`9 Xgspistks  DGQIXG, L. E. (8::1). Zrihkhmemdkdg g Gstktâstmnk< pkrk G`og`fkrmk g Nmì`nmks. 1ª gd., ^îi Zkuei< Zmi`gmrk Tfibpsi` Egkr`m`o

^gïîi 8.; ;. 

k)  k)  ^2 {;>84, >;84, ;>48, >;48, ;48>, ;4>8, 4;8>, 4;>8, 8>;4, 8>4;, >8;4, >84;, 84;>, 84>;, 48;>, 48>;} h)  h)   K2 {;>84, ;>48, ;48>, ;4>8} n)  n)  H2 {8>;4, 8>4;, >8;4, >84;, 84;>, 84>;, 48;>, 48>;} d)  d)   K W H2 {;>84, ;>48, ;48>, ;4>8, 8>;4, 8>4;, >8;4, >84;, 84;>, 84>;, 48;>, 48>;}  K ∭ H `îi ni`tíb skâdks ( K  K g H sîi dmslu`tis).

K'2 {>;48, >;84, 4;8>, 4;>8, 8>;4, 8>4;, >8;4, >84;, 84;>, 84>;, 48;>, 48>;} >.

k)  k)   K2 {^^A, ^A^, A^^} h)  h)  H2 {^^A, ^A^, A^^, ^^^} n)  n)  N2 {^A^, ^^A, ^^^} d)  d)  N'2{AAA, A^A, AA^, A^^, ^AA}  K W N2 {^^A, ^A^, A^^, ^^^}    K ∭ N2 {^^A, ^A^}  H W N2 {^^A, ^A^, A^^, ^^^} 2 H

 

H ∭ N2 {^^A, ^A^, ^^^} 2 N   7.

k)  k)  ^2 {(;, ;, ;), (;, ;, 8), (;, ;, >), (;, 8, ;), (;, 8, 8), (;, 8, >), (;, >, ;), (;, >, 8), (;, >, >), (8, ;, ;), (8, ;, 8), (8, ;, >), (8, 8, ;), (8, 8, 8), (8, 8, >), (8, >, ;), (8, >, 8), (8, >, >), (>, ;, ;), (>, ;, 8), (>, ;, >), (>, 8, ;), (>, 8, 8), (>, 8, >), (>, >, ;), (>, >, 8), (>, >, >)} h)  h)  {(;, ;, ;), (8, 8, 8), (>, >, >)} n)  {(;, 8, >), (;, >, 8), (8, ;, >), (8, >, ;), (>, ;, 8), (>, 8, ;)} d)  d)  {(;, ;, ;), (;, ;, >), (;, >, ;), (;, >, >), (>, ;, ;), (>, ;, >), (>, >, ;), (>, >, >)} ^gïîi 8.8 ;;. (k) :,:?

(h) :,>:

(n) :,7?

;>. (k) :,:?

(h) :,14

(n) :,7?

;7. (k) :,7?8

(h) :,6?=

(d) :,4?

(g) :,;?

(a) :,?7

;?. (k) Fë pknitgs dg siatwkrg gstktâstmnis keíb di ^Z^^ g di ^K^.

(h) :,?:

(n) :,6:

;=. (k) :,664;

(d) :,8: (h) :,:4>7

8;. (k) :,;:

(h) :,;63:,;=

(n) :,4;

(d) :,7=

8>. (k) :,:1?

(h) :,4::

(n) :,=>>

(d) :,7>>

87. (k) :,=6

(h) :,:8

(n) :,:>

(d) :,84

8?. (k) :,;

(h) :,? (n) :,1

(g) :,>;

(a) :,1=

EKX^I@, X.3 AKXHGX, H. (8::4 (8::4). ). Gstktâstmnk G stktâstmnk Kpemnkdk. ^îi Zkuei< Zgkrsi` Zrg`tmng Fkee

^gïîi >.; ;?. :,:?8 ;6. :,=44 84.

k)  k)  h)  h)  n)  n)  d)  d) 

{(^^^), (^^N), (^NN), (^N^), (N^^), (N^N), (NN^), (NNN)} {(NNN)} {(^^N), (^N^), (N^^)} {(^^N), (^N^), (^NN), (N^^), (N^N), (NN^), (NNN)}

^gïîi >.8 ;:. (k) :,:::::::84>

(h):,67=

(n):,;4;

 

^gïîi >.> =.

k)  k)  @îi sîi gvg`tis butukbg`tg gxneusmvis, lë qug pidg fkvgr ubk nkmxk nib auri g nib i nk`ti kbksskdi. h)  h)  :,;81 ;;. (k) :,;;

(h) :,?8 

^gïîi >.4 (h);,7;=? x ;:-1

;=. (k) 176::6

Bi`toibgry, D. N.3 Xu`ogr, O. N. (8::>). Gstktâstmnk Kpemnkdk g Zrihkhmemdkdg pkrk G`og`fgmris. 8ª gd, Xmi dg Lk`gmri< ETN

Nkpâtuei > „ Gxgrnânmis pkrk k ^gïîi >.7 >.4=) k. :.?

h. :.4

n. :.;

d. :.8

g. :.1

a. :.6

>.7?) :.88 >.7=) :.:8> >.1;) :.:86  >.1>) k. :.8:

h. :.8:

>.=>) k. :.;:

h. 7/6

>.=7) k.:.868

h. :.?;6

>.=?) k. :.::>?

h. :.;6=8 

n. :.=

^gïîi 4.;. Qkrmëvgms kegktþrmks dmsnrgtks g dmstrmhumï÷gs dg prihkhmemdkdg 4.;. {:, ;, 8, >, ..., ;:::} 4.>. {:, ;, 8, >, ..., =====} 4.7. {:, ;, 8, >, ..., 4=;} 4.?. {:, ;, ...} 4.=. {:, ;, 8, >, ..., ;7} X]K@, T. (8::=). Gstktâstmnk Bidgr`k pkrk p krk G`og`fkrmk. Xmi dg Lk`gmri.>) k. :.= >.1) 11%  

h. ^mb. :.=

 

TXMIEK, B. A. (8:;>). M`triduïîi ê Gstktâstmnk< Ktukemzkïîi dk Tgn`ieiomk. ;;ª gd., Xmi dg Lk`gmri< ETN

Nkpâtuei 4 „ ^gïîi 4.> 4>. k) ; „ Z(K) „ Z(H) + Z(K+H) h) ;- Z(K g H)

n) Dmagrg`tg

^gïîi 4.7 >;. k) :,4>;

h) :,71=

>>. ;/;83 >7

Gxgrnânmis dg Xgvmsîi ;. :,;18

8. :,8;;

>. :,>41

4. :,=?4>

7. :,:8?:

1. :,174

?. :,:47

6. :,:81;

=. :,6>>

;:. :,6?8

_kepieg, X. G.3 Bygrs, X. F.3 Bygrs, ^. E.3 ]g, C. (8::=) Zrihkhmemdkdg & Gstktâstmnk pkrk G`og`fkrmk g Nmì`nmks. 6ª gd., ^îi Zkuei< Zrg`tmng Fkee Hrksme {;FF, ;FT, ;TF, ;TT, 8F, 8T, >FF, >FT, >TF, >TT, 4F, 4T, 7FF, 7FT, 7TF, 7TT, 1F, 1T}  

8.7 8.=

k)  k)  h)  h)  n)  n)  d)  d)  g)  g) 

{;FF, ;FT, ; TF, ;TT, 8F, 8T}   {;TT ,>TT , 7TT}   {>FF, >FT, >TF, >TT , 4F, 4T, 7FF, 7FT, 7TF, 7TT , 1F ,1T}   {>TT , 7TT}  {;FF, ;FT, ;TF, ;TT, 8F, 8T, >TT ,7TT} 

8.7;

k)  k)  h)  h)  n)  n)  d)  d) 

K sibk dks prihkhmemdkdgs gxngdg ;. K sibk dks prihkhmemdkdgs í bg`ir qug ;. Wbk prihkhmemdkdg `goktmvk. K prihkhmemdkdg dg ubk nkrtk dg nipks dg nir prgtk í zgri.

8.77 (k) :,>3

(h) :,8 

8.17 (k) 88/873

(h) >/873

(n) ;?/7: 

8.?> (k) :,::=3

(h) :,===3

(n) :,:;

8.??

k)  k)  K prihkhmemdkdg dg qug ub ni`dg`kdi qug tg`fk agmti trëamni dg drioks tkbhíb tg`fk nibgtmdi kssketi ê bîi krbkdk. h)  h)  K prihkhmemdkdg dg qug ub ni`dg`kdi qug tg`fk agmti kssketi ê bîi krbkdk `îi tg`fk smdi ni`dg`kdi pir trëamni dg drioks. n)  n)  K prihkhmemdkdg dg qug ub ni`dg`kdi qug `îi nibgtgu trëamni dg drioks tkbhíb `ëi tg`fk nibgtmdi kssketi ê bîi krbkdk.

 

8.?= (k) ;4/>=3

(h) =7/;;8

8.67 (k) :,>73

(h) :,6?73

(n) :,77

(h) 4/;73

(n) >/7 

8.6=

:,8? 

8.=7

(k) ;/73

:,:=1:  8.;:> :,4:187 

8.;:;

8.;:7

:,;;84