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MALAYSIAN STANDARD
MS 1056: PART 1:2005
SOILS FOR CIVIL ENGINEERING PURPOSES – TEST METHOD – PART 1: GENERAL REQUIREMENTS AND SAMPLE PREPARATION (FIRST REVISION)
ICS: 19.020 Descriptors: soil, determination, classification, sampling, requirements, civil engineering
© Copyright 2005 DEPARTMENT OF STANDARDS MALAYSIA
DEVELOPMENT OF MALAYSIAN STANDARDS The Department of Standards Malaysia (DSM) is the national standardisation and accreditation body.
The main function of the Department is to foster and promote standards,
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standardisation and accreditation as a means of advancing the national economy, promoting industrial efficiency and development, benefiting the health and safety of the public, protecting the consumers, facilitating domestic and international trade and furthering international cooperation in relation to standards and standardisation.
Malaysian Standards are developed through consensus by committees which comprise of balanced representation of producers, users, consumers and others with relevant interests, as may be appropriate to the subject in hand. To the greatest extent possible, Malaysian Standards are aligned to or are adoption of international standards. Approval of a standard as a Malaysian Standard is governed by the Standards of Malaysia Act 1996 (Act 549). Malaysian Standards are reviewed periodically. The use of Malaysian Standards is voluntary except in so far as they are made mandatory by regulatory authorities by means of regulations, local by-laws or any other similar ways.
The Department of Standards appoints SIRIM Berhad as the agent to develop Malaysian Standards. The Department also appoints SIRIM Berhad as the agent for distribution and sale of Malaysian Standards. For further information on Malaysian Standards, please contact: Department of Standards Malaysia Level 1 & 2, Block C4, Parcel C Federal Government Administrative Centre 62502 Putrajaya MALAYSIA
OR
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MS 1056: PART 1:2005
CONTENTS
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Page Committee representation …………………………………………………………
iii
Foreword ……………………………………………………………………………
iv
0
Introduction …………………………………………………………………………
1
1
Scope. ……………………………………………………………………………….
2
2
Normative references………………………………………………………………
2
3
Terms, definitions, symbols and units ……………………………………………
3
4
Classification of soils ………………………………………………………………
15
5
Apparatus……………………………………………………………………………
16
6
Materials …………………………………………………………………………….
29
7
Environmental requirements ………………………………………………………
30
8
Preparation of disturbed samples for testing ……………………………………
31
8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 8.5 8.6 8.7
General……………………………………………………………………………… Apparatus…………………………………………………………………………… Initial preparation…………………………………………………………………… Preparation of samples for classification tests………………………………….. Preparation of samples for chemical tests………………………………………. Preparation of samples for compaction related tests ………………………….. Preparation of soil for compaction to form test specimens…………………….
31 31 32 34 38 39 40
9
Preparation of undisturbed samples for testing …………………………………
43
9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4
43 44 46
9.5 9.6 9.7
General……………………………………………………………………………… Apparatus…………………………………………………………………………… Preparation of cylindrical specimen direct from sampling tube……………….. Preparation of cylindrical specimen of smaller diameter than sampling tube ………………………………………………….…………………… Preparation of cylindrical specimen from undisturbed block sample ………… Preparation of disc or square specimen from sampling tube …………………. Preparation of disc or square specimen from block sample …………………..
46 47 48 49
10
Reports ………………………………………………………………………………
50
10.1 10.2
Laboratory tests ……………………………………………………………………. In-situ tests ………………………………………………………………………….
50 51
11
Safety requirements ……………………………………………………………….
51
i
MS 1056: PART 1:2005
CONTENTS (continued) Page
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Tables 1
Categories of balances ……………………………………………………………
17
2
Instruments used as reference standards for calibration ………………………
22
3
Reference weights …………………………………………………………………
22
4
Size of particle and mass of sample required for assessment sieving ……….
33
5
Mass of sample required for each test on disturbed samples …………………
35
6
Compaction of large specimens for triaxial tests………………………………..
43
ii
MS 1056: PART 1:2005
Committee representation
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The Building and Civil Engineering Industry Standards Committee (ISC D) under whose authority this Malaysian Standard was developed, comprises representatives from the following organisations: Association of Consulting Engineers Malaysia Chartered Institute of Building Malaysia Construction Industry Development Board Malaysia Federation of Malaysian Manufacturers Jabatan Bomba dan Penyelamat Malaysia Jabatan Kerja Raya Malaysia Jabatan Pengairan dan Saliran Malaysia Jabatan Perumahan Negara Jabatan Standard Malaysia Kementerian Perdagangan Antarabangsa dan Industri Malaysian Timber Industry Board Master Builders Association Malaysia Pertubuhan Akitek Malaysia Suruhanjaya Tenaga The Institution of Engineers, Malaysia Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
The Technical Committee on Geotechnical Works which supervised the development of this Malaysian Standard was managed by the Construction Industry Development Board Malaysia in its capacity as an authorised Standard–Writing Organisation and consists of representatives from the following organisations: Association of Consulting Engineers Malaysia Bina Logamaya Sdn Bhd Construction Industry Development Board Malaysia (Secretariat) Construction Industry Development Board Malaysia (Technology Development Department) Dewan Bandaraya Kuala Lumpur Gue and Partners Sdn Bhd INTI College, Malaysia Jabatan Kerja Raya Malaysia Jabatan Mineral dan Geosains Malaysia Jabatan Pengairan dan Saliran Malaysia Jabatan Perumahan Negara Jurutera Perunding GEA (M) Sdn Bhd Master Builders Association Malaysia SIRIM Berhad Soil CentraLab Sdn Bhd Sungai Long Industries Sdn Bhd The Institution of Engineers, Malaysia Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Universiti Malaya Universiti Putra Malaysia Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
The Working Group on Methods of Test for Soils for Civil Engineering Purposes which developed this Malaysian Standard consists of representatives from the following organisations: Construction Industry Development Board Malaysia (Secretariat) GDS Instruments Sdn Bhd Geo Consult SIRIM Berhad Soil CentraLab Sdn Bhd Test Sdn Bhd Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
iii
MS 1056: PART 1:2005
FOREWORD
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This Malaysian Standard was developed by the Working Group on Methods of Test for Soils for Civil Engineering Purposes under the authority of the Building and Civil Engineering Industry Standards Committee. Development of this standard was carried out by the Construction Industry Development Board Malaysia which is the Standards-Writing Organisation (SWO) appointed by SIRIM Berhad to develop standards for the construction industry. MS 1056 consists of the following parts, under the general title Soils for civil engineering purposes – Test method: - Part 1: General requirements and sample preparation - Part 2: Classification tests - Part 3: Chemical and electro-chemical tests - Part 4: Compaction-related tests - Part 5: Compressibility, permeability and durability tests - Part 6: Consolidation and permeability tests in hydraulic cells and with pore pressure measurement - Part 7: Shear strength tests (total stress) - Part 8: Shear strength tests (effective stress) - Part 9: In-situ tests This Malaysian Standard is the first revision of MS 1056: Part 1:1986, Methods of test for soils for civil engineering purposes: Part 1: Laboratory test method. Part 1 covers general requirements, Parts 2 to 8 relate to laboratory tests on soils, and Part 9 covers in-situ tests. The distinction between laboratory and in-situ tests is that the former is carried out on soil samples removed from the ground whether the testing takes place in a central laboratory, in a site laboratory, or in the field, whereas the latter are performed on the soil in-situ. Descriptions of test methods have been broken down into smaller procedural stages than were used previously. Where more than one test procedure is given for a particular determination, the one termed the definitive method should normally be used. If an alternative method is used the reason should be stated in the test report and the relevant facts included. Examples of forms are included in an annex to each part on which to prepare the test report. In each of the methods the measurement of only one value of the quantity concerned is described. It is recognised that in many practical applications it is necessary to make a number of tests in order to obtain a representative value and an indication of its reliability. Guidance on the number of measurements required and the treatment of the results obtained is beyond the scope of the present standard.
iv
MS 1056: PART 1:2005
FOREWORD (continued) For general information on site investigation procedures, especially with regard to safety precautions, reference should be made to BS 5930:1999.
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This revised Malaysian Standard cancels and replaces MS 1056: Part 1:1986, Methods of test for soils for civil engineering purposes: Part 1: Laboratory test method. Compliance with a Malaysian Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations.
v
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