Homework Text for Greek 1002 (for use with Athenaze vol. 2) by
Prof. Naomi J. Norman (with additional exercises for chapters 23-30 by Prof. Nancy Felson, Mr. Shan Bodine and Mr. Daniel Robie)
Table of Contents Course Information ................................................. ........................................................................................................ ....................................................... ................. 1 Overview of the Semester............................................. Semester ................................................................................................. .................................................... .............. 3 Note on Vocabulary ............................................. ................................................................................................. .................................................... ....................... 4 Principal Parts of the 75 Most Common Irregular Verbs in Greek ............................................ 4 Homework Assignments for Chapter 17 ................................................... ........................................................................................ ..................................... 7 Homework Exercises for Chapter 17................................................ 17 .......................................................................................... .......................................... 8 Homework Assignments for Chapter 18 .............................................. ...................................................................................... ........................................ 12 Homework Exercises for Chapter 18................................................ 18 ........................................................................................ ........................................ 13 Forms of MI-Verbs .................................................. ..................................................................................................... ..................................................................... .................. 16 Principal Parts Quiz 1 .................................................. ...................................................................................................... .................................................... ............. 19 Homework Assignments for Chapter 19 .............................................. ...................................................................................... ........................................ 20 Homework Exercises for Chapter 19................................................ 19 ........................................................................................ ........................................ 21 Homework Assignments for Chapter 20 .............................................. ...................................................................................... ........................................ 23 Homework Exercises for Chapter 20................................................ 20 ........................................................................................ ........................................ 24 The Subjunctive Mood.......................................................................... Mood...................... .................................................... ........................................ 28 I. Independent Uses of the Subjunctive ....................................................... ............................. 30 II. Dependent Uses of the Subjunctive ................................................. ..................................................................................... .................................... 31 Homework Assignments for Chapter 21 .............................................. ...................................................................................... ........................................ 34 Homework Exercises for Chapter 21................................................ 21 ........................................................................................ ........................................ 35 Principal Parts Quiz 2 .................................................. ...................................................................................................... .................................................... ............. 37 Homework Assignments for Chapter 22 .............................................. ...................................................................................... ........................................ 38 Homework Exercises for Chapter 22................................................ 22 ........................................................................................ ........................................ 39 Homework Assignments for Chapter 23 .............................................. ...................................................................................... ........................................ 43 Homework Exercises for Chapter 23................................................ 23 ........................................................................................ ........................................ 44 Clause Expectations ........................................................ ...................................................... ........ 46 Homework Assignments for Chapter 24 .............................................. ...................................................................................... ........................................ 47
Homework Exercises for Chapter 24................................................ 24 ........................................................................................ ........................................ 48 Homework Assignments for Chapter 25 .............................................. ...................................................................................... ........................................ 49 Homework Exercises for Chapter 25................................................ 25 ........................................................................................ ........................................ 50 Principal Parts Quiz 3 .................................................. ...................................................................................................... .................................................... ............. 52 Homework Assignments for Chapter 26 .............................................. ...................................................................................... ........................................ 53 Study Exercise for Chapter 26 ........................................... ............................................................................................... .................................................... ... 54 Homework Assignments for Chapter 27 .............................................. ...................................................................................... ........................................ 55 Homework Exercises for Chapter 27................................................ 27 ........................................................................................ ........................................ 56 Homework Assignments for Chapter 28 .............................................. ...................................................................................... ........................................ 57 Study Exercise for Chapter 28 ........................................... ............................................................................................... .................................................... ... 58 Principal Parts Quiz 4 .................................................. ...................................................................................................... .................................................... ............. 59 Homework Assignments for Chapter 29 alpha-beta ............................................. ..................................................................... ........................ 60 Homework Assignments for Chapter 29 gamma-epsilon.......................................... gamma-epsilon ............................................................. ................... 61 Review of the Genitive Case......................................... Case............................................................................................. .................................................... ............ 62 Review of the Dative Case.............................................................................. Case.......................... .................................................... .............................. 63 Review of the Accusative Case............................................ Case..................................................................................................... ......................................................... 64 Homework Assignments for Chapter 30 ................................................... ...................................................................................... ................................... 65 Review of Subjunctive & Optative Mood .................................................... ................................ 66 THE GREEK NUMBER SYSTEM ................................................. ....................................................................................................... ...................................................... 67 FINAL EXAM: A Practice Exam............................................................ Exam........ .................................................... ..................................... 70
Greek 1002
Spring 2004
Dr. N. J. Norman 542-2187 Park Hall 227
email:
[email protected] Office Hours: M-Th 9 - 10 am
Course Texts:
Balme and Lawall, Athenaze vol. 2 Homework text by N. Norman (available at Bel Jean’s) General Course Information:
1. We will go through all of volume two of Athenaze this semester. 2. There will be a test approximately every two weeks, on a Monday. Each test will focus on material covered in the previous weeks, but will, of course, be cumulative. Make-up tests will only be administered on the last day of class and only for excused absences. 3. There will be many short quizzes, usually twice a week. No make-up quizzes will be given, but your two lowest quiz grades will be dropped. 4. There will be a final, cumulative examination on Mon, May 3, 2004, 12:00 - 3:00 pm 5. The Classics department provides free tutors for elementary Greek students in Park Hall 229. A schedule will be distributed as soon as possible. Course requirements:
1. Class attendance and participation is essential. You must keep up with the assigned homework. Excessive absences (more than four unexcused absences) will result in your being dropped from the course; please note that it is within my prerogative to assign a grade of WF even to those who drop or are dropped from the course before the midpoint of the semester, depending on the quality of work up to that point. If you enroll in this course, you have made a commitment to attend and to do the work. If you are unwilling to attend and participate, drop the course now. 2. You are required to take all quizzes, tests and the final. Grading: Participation Weekly tests Quizzes Final exam
10% 40% 15% 35%
Some advice: 1. Do not write your translation in your book or you will tend to look at what you have written and not at the text and that will not do you any good. Instead, keep a special notebook to record vocabulary, difficulties, questions, and points made in class. Review your notes regularly, each time you are going to work through next day’s assignment and before a test. 2. Even more importantly, do not write out a translation of the stories in Athenaze. If you do, you will probably look more closely at your English translation than at the Greek text. The more often you work through the Greek text, the better you will understand it and the more quickly you will learn the vocabulary. If you do write out an English translation, do not bring it to class with you. Trying to correct your English translation during class will keep you from looking at the Greek, but looking a t the Greek again will help you far more in developing your translation skills than will a correct written English translation. 3. Regular study habits are crucial for successfully completing this course. In a college course, you are expected to spend two hours outside of class to prepare for every hour spent in class. Study on a daily basis; do not simply study for a quiz or a test.
Additional Advice to the Ambitious and Wise (taken from Professor Bill McCullough of Kenyon College) • For study, pick a time of day (preferably several times a day) when you are fresh. Work intently for short periods—no more than an hour at a time. Work ev ery day. Last minute cramming is a waste of time and energy. • When studying, proceed by learning only as much as can be effortlessly repeated at once. If you have to strain to remember what you just went through—or make efforts while repeating—this means that you are attempting too much at once. Break into smaller parts, and repeat more frequently. • Read and pronounce all Greek ALOUD as you are learning it. If you have any doubts or questions regarding the pronunciation of forms, please ask me.
Overview of the Semester Date
Description
New Grammar
Jan 12-15
Chapter 17
Passive voice
Jan 19
MLK Holiday
Jan 20-22
Chapter 18
Jan 26
TEST 1, chap 1-18
Jan 27-29
Chapter 19
Genitive Absolute; more -mi verbs
Feb 2-5
Chapter 20
More -mi verbs; verbs with supplementary participles
Feb 9-12
Chapter 21
Subjunctive forms & uses of subjunctive mood
Feb 16
TEST 2, chap 1-21
Feb 17-19
Chapter 22
Clauses of fearing; general clauses; indirect statements and questions
Feb 23-26
Chapter 23
More on indirect statements; more -mi verbs; articular infinitive; relative pronouns; euphony in compound verbs
Mar 2
TEST 3, chap 1-23
Mar 3-5
Chapter 24
Mar 4
ἐξελαύνω Day
Mar 9-13
SPRING BREAK
Review on your own
Mar 16-19
Chapter 25
Optative verb forms; uses of optative in wishes and subordinate clauses
Mar 23-26
Chapter 26
Conditionals; more uses of the accusative
Mar 24
Withdrawal deadline
Mar 30
TEST 4, chap 1-26
Mar 31-Apr 2
Chapter 27
Perfect and pluperfect middle and passive forms
Apr 6-9
Chapter 28
Perfect and pluperfect active forms; review of aspect; o‰da
Apr 13
TEST 5, chap 1-28
Apr 14-16
Chapter 29α- β
Apr 20-23
Chapter 29γ -ε
Apr 27
TEST 6
Principal Parts of the 75 Most Common Irregular Verbs
Apr 28-29
Chapter 30
More on indirect statement; secondary sequence
Apr 30
Last Day of Class (on Monday schedule)
May 1
Reading Day
Mon, May 4
FINAL EXAM
-mi verbs
Comparative adjectives; purpose constructions
More on indirect statement; primary sequence
12:00 - 3:00, 3:30-6:3 pm
3
Note on Vocabulary Since the textbook is now giving you the principal parts of all of the verbs in the chapter, I am not including vocabulary lists in this course pack. As was true last semester, it is absolutely imperative that you learn the principal parts of all verbs. Below is a list taken from Chase and Phillips, A New Introduction to Greek (Cambridge, MA: 1961) of the 75 most common irregular verbs. You need to have memorized this list by April 21st when we will have a major test on it (TEST 6). I have placed a few practice principal part quizzes in this course pack to help keep you on track with your studying. A hyphen before a form indicates that it is found only in compounds.
Principal Parts of the 75 Most Common Irregular Verbs in Greek 1. ἀγγέλλω, ἀγγελῶ, ἤγγειλα, ἤγγελκα, ἤγγελ µαι, ἠγγέλθην : announce 2. ἄγω, ἄξω, ἤγαγον, ἦχα, ἦγ µαι, ἤχθην : lead 3. αἱρέω, αἱρήσω, εἷλον, ᾕρηκα, ᾕρη µαι, ᾑρέθην : take (mid.: choose) 4. αἴρω, ἀρῶ, ἦρα, ἦρκα, ἦρ µαι, ἤρθην : raise 5. αἰσθάνο µαι, αἰσθήσο µαι, ᾐσθό µην, ᾔσθη µαι : perceive 6. ἀκούω, ἀκούσο µαι, ἤκουσα, ἀκήκοα, ----- , ἠκούσθην : hear 7. ἁλίσκο µαι, ἁλώσο µαι, ἑάλων or ἥλων, ἑάλωκα or ἥλωκα : be captured 8. ἀποθνῄσκω, ἀποθανοῦ µαι, ἀπέθανον, τέθνηκα : die 9. ἀποκτείνω, ἀποκτενῶ, ἀπέκτεινα, ἀπέκτονα : kill 10. ἀπόλλυ µι, ἀπολῶ, ἀπώλεσα and ἀπωλό µην, ἀπολώλεκα and ἀπόλωλα : destroy (mid. and 2nd pf.: perish) 11. ἁρπάζω, ἁρπάσο µαι, ἥρπασα, ἥρπακα, ἥρπασ µαι, ἡρπάσθην : seize 12. ἄρχω, ἄρξω, ἦρξα, ἦρχα, ἦργ µαι, ἤρχθην : rule, begin 13. ἀφικνέο µαι, ἀφίξο µαι, ἀφικό µην, ---- , ἀφῖγ µαι : arrive 14. βαίνω, βήσο µαι, ἔβην, βέβηκα : go 15. βάλλω, βαλῶ, ἔβαλον, βέβληκα, βέβλη µαι, ἐβλήθην : hurl, throw, pelt 16. βλάπτω, βλάψω, ἔβλαψα, βέβλαφα, βέβλα µµαι, ἐβλάφθην and ἐβλάβην : harm 17. βούλο µαι, βουλήσο µαι, ----- , ----- , βεβούλη µαι, ἐβουλήθην : wish 18. γα µέω, γα µῶ, ἔγη µα, γεγά µηκα : wed 19. γίγνο µαι, γενήσο µαι, ἐγενό µην, γέγονα, γεγένη µαι : become, be 20. γιγνώσκω, γνώσο µαι, ἔγνων, ἔγνωκα, ἔγνωσ µαι, ἐγνώσθην : know 21. γράφω, γράψω, ἔγραψα, γέγραφα, γέγρα µµαι, ἐγράφην : write 22. δείκνυ µι, δείξω, ἔδειξα, δέδειχα, δέδειγ µαι, ἐδείχθην : show 23. δίδω µι, δώσω, ἔδωκα, δέδωκα, δέδο µαι, ἐδόθην : give
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24. δοκέω, δόξω, ἔδοξα, ----- , δέδογ µαι, ἐδόχθην : seem, think (impersonal: seem best) 25. δύω, -δύσω, -ἔδυσα and ἔδυν, δέδυκα, -δέδυ µαι, -ἐδύθην : go down, sink, enter, cause to enter 26. εἰ µί, ἔσο µαι : be (missing tenses taken from γίγνο µαι) 27. εἶ µι : go 28. ἐλαύνω, ἐλῶ, ἤλασα, -ἐλήλακα, ἐλήλα µαι, ἠλάθην : march, drive 29. ἕπο µαι, ἕψο µαι, ἑσπό µην: follow 30. ἔρχο µαι, ἐλεύσο µαι, ἦλθον, ἐλήλυθα : come, go 31. ἐσθίω, ἔδο µαι, ἔφαγον, ἐδήδοκα: eat 32. εὑρίσκω, εὑρήσω, ηὗρον or εὗρον, ηὕρηκα or εὕρηκα, ηὕρη µαι or εὕρη µαι, ηὑρέθην or εὑρέθην : discover, find 33. ἔχω, ἕξω or σχήσω, ἔσχον, ἔσχηκα, ἔσχη µαι: have, hold 34. ἵη µι, ἥσω, ἧκα, εἷκα, εἷ µαι, εἵθην : send, throw 35. ἵστη µι, στήσω, ἔστησα and ἔστην, ἕστηκα, ἕστα µαι, ἐστάθην : stand 36. καίω or κάω, καύσω, ἔκαυσα, κέκαυκα, κέκαυ µαι, ἐκαύθην : burn 37. καλέω, καλῶ, ἐκάλεσα, κέκληκα, κέκλη µαι, ἐκλήθην : call, summon 38. κόπτω, κόψω, ἔκοψα, -κέκοφα, κέκο µµαι, -ἐκόπην : cut 39. λα µ βάνω, λήψο µαι, ἔλαβον, εἴληφα, εἴλη µµαι, ἐλήφθην : take 40. λανθάνω, λήσω, ἔλαθον, λέληθα: escape notice (mid., forget) 41. λέγω, λέξω or ἐρῶ, ἔλεξα or εἶπον, εἴρηκα, λέλεγ µαι or εἴρη µαι, ἐλέχθην or ἐρρήθην : say 42. λέγω, - λέξω, -ἔλεξα, -εἴλοχα, -εἴλεγ µαι and - λέλεγ µαι, -ἐλέχθην and -ἐλέγην : collect 43. λείπω, λείψω, ἔλιπον, λέλοιπα, λέλει µµαι, ἐλείφθην : leave 44. µανθάνω, µαθήσο µαι, ἔ µαθον, µε µάθηκα : learn 45. µάχο µαι, µαχοῦ µαι, ἐ µαχεσά µην, µε µάχη µαι : fight 46. µέλει, µελήσει, ἐ µέλησε, µε µέληκε : concern, be a care to 47. µέλλω, µελλήσω, ἐ µέλλησα: intend, be about to 48. µένω, µενῶ, ἔ µεινα, µε µένηκα : stay, remain 49. µ ιµνήσκω, -µνήσω, -ἔ µνησα, ----- , µ έ µνη µαι, ἐ µνήσθην : remind (mid., remember) 50. νο µίζω, νο µιῶ, ἐνό µισα, νε µό µικα, νενό µισ µαι, ἐνο µίσθην : believe, think 51. οἴο µαι or οἶ µαι, οἰήσο µαι, ᾠήθην : think 52. ὁράω, ὄψο µαι, εἶδον, ἑόρακα and ἑώρακα, ἑώρα µαι and ὦ µµαι, ὤφθην : see 53. πάσχω, πείσο µαι, ἔπαθον, πέπονθα, : suffer
5
54. πείθω, πείσω, ἔπεισα, πέπεικα and πέποιθα, πέπεισ µαι, ἐπείσθην : persuade (2nd pf., trust; mid., believe, obey) 55. πέ µπω, πέ µψω, ἔπε µψα, πέπο µφα, πέπε µµαι, ἐπέ µφθην : send 56. πίνω, πίο µαι or πιοῦ µαι, ἔπιον, πέπωκα, -πέπο µαι, ἐπόθην : drink 57. πίπτω, πεσοῦ µαι, ἔπεσον, πέπτωκα : fall 58. πλέω, πλεύσο µαι or πλευσοῦ µαι, ἔπλευσα, πέπλευκα, πέπλευσ µαι, ἐπλεύσθην : sail 59. πράττω, πράξω, ἔπραξα, πέπραχα and πέπραγα, πέπραγ µαι, ἐπράχθην : do 60. πυνθάνο µαι, πεύσο µαι, ἐπυθό µην, πέπυσ µαι : learn, inquire 61. σκεδάννυ µι, σκεδῶ, ἐσκέδασα, ἐσκέδασ µαι, ἐσκεδάσθην : scatter 62. στρέφω, στρέψω, ἔστρεψα, ----- , ἔστρα µµαι, ἐστρέφθην and ἐστράφην : turn 63. τάττω, τάξω, ἔταξα, τέταχα, τέταγ µαι, ἐτάχθην : arrange, draw up 64. τέ µνω, τε µῶ, ἔτε µον, -τέτ µηκα, τέτ µη µαι, ἐτ µήθην : cut 65. τίθη µι, θήσω, ἔθηκα, τέθηκα, τέθει µαι, ἐτέθην : place, put 66. τίκτω, τέξο µαι, ἔτεκον, τέτοκα : beget, bring forth$ 67. τρέπω, τρέψω, ἔτρεψα, τέτροφα, τέτρα µµαι, ἐτρέφθην : turn (mid., flee) 68. τρέφω, θρέψω, ἔθρεψα, τέτροφα, τέθρα µµαι, ἐθρέφθην and ἐτράφην : support, nourish 69. τρέχω, δρα µοῦ µαι, ἔδρα µον, -δεδρά µηκα, δεδρά µη µαι : run 70. τυγχάνω, τεύξο µαι, ἔτυχον, τετύχηκα : hit, happen, obtain 71. ὑπισχνέο µαι, ὑποσχήσο µαι, ἑπεσχό µην, ὑπέσχη µαι : promise 72. φαίνω, φανῶ or φανοῦ µαι, ἔφηνα, πέφαγκα and πέφηνα, πέφασ µαι, ἐφάνθην and ἐφάνην : show (mid. and 2nd pf. and 2nd aor. pass., appear) 73. φέρω, οἴσω, ἤνεγκα and ἤνεγκον, ἐνήνοχα, ἐνήνεγ µαι, ἠγέχθην : carry, bear 74. φεύγω, φεύξο µαι or φευξοῦ µαι, ἔφυγον, πέφευγα : flee 75. φή µι, φήσω, ἔφησα: say
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Homework Assignments for Chapter 17 for Monday:
read and digest pp. vii-xvii read and digest grammar on pp. 4-6 read and translate 17"
for Tuesday:
quiz on passive forms do exercises 17 beta (odds) and 17 gamma do verb synopsis chart and form ID chart
for Wednesday:
read pp. 8-9 vocabulary quiz for this chapter do noun/adjective agreement chart read and digest grammar on pp.13-14
for Thursday:
read and translate 17$ quiz on passive forms
for Tuesday:
read and digest the forms on pp. 20-2 read and translate all of 18"
7
Homework Exercises for Chapter 17 Give a synopsis in the 1st person plural of the verb λύω
INDIC.
INFINITIVE
ACTIVE
VOICE
SUBJ.
OPT.
INDIC.
MIDDLE
VOICE
SUBJ.
OPT.
INDIC.
PRES.
PRES.
IMPF.
IMPF.
FUT.
FUT.
AOR.
AOR.
PERF.
PERF.
PPF.
PPF.
PARTICIPLE
INFINITIVE
PARTICIPLE
PASSIVE
VOICE
SUBJ.
OPT.
INFINITIVE
PRES.
PRES.
FUT.
FUT.
AOR.
AOR.
PERF.
PERF.
For participles, give the nominative singular masculine form. present active imperative ____________________ and _________________ present middle imperative: ____________________ and _________________ aorist active imperative: ____________________ and _________________ aorist middle imperative: ____________________ and _________________
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PARICIPLE
Form Identification: 1. λύω, λύσω, ἔλυσα, λέλυκα, λέλυ µαι, ἐλύθην 2. λύσις, -εως, ἡ 3. λύσιος, -α, -ον Given the dictionary listings above, identify fully the forms below. LIST ALL POSSIBLE IDENTIFICATIONS (excluding the Vocative case).
Part of Form
Speech
Verbs Person
#
Tense
Nouns/Adjectives Voice
λύσετε λύσια
λυσία λύοντος
λύσει
ἐλύθην λύσεως λύσουσι
ἔλυσε λυο µένην λύσεται λυσούσης λύσεσθαι λύειν λύσιν λῦσαι
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Mood
Case
#
Gender
Part of Form
Speech
Verbs Person
#
Tense
Nouns/Adjectives Voice
λυσίοις
ἐλύσω λῦσον
λύσεσι λυθέν
λύθητι λυθῆναι λυθήσεσθαι
10
Mood
Case
#
Gender
Noun-Adjective Agreement: Nouns ναῦς, νεώς, ἡ βοῦς, βοός, ὁ ἔτος, ἔτους, τό
Adjectives καλός, -ή, όν
Given the dictionary entries listed above, identify each form listed below by case, number and gender and then write the correct form of the adjective/s to modify the noun. (Ignore the Vocative case.)
Form
Case
#
Gen.
Adjective/s
ἔτη
νεώς βοῦν ἔτους ἐτῶν ναῦς
βοός ἔτεσι νῆες βοΐ ναυσίν βοῦς
βουσί ἔτος
νηΐ
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Homework Assignments for Chapter 18 for Tuesday:
read and digest the forms on pp. 20-2 read and translate all of 18"
for Wednesday:
quiz on forms of mi-verbs on pp. 20-2 do form ID chart do exercise 18c (all) read and translate 18b (lines 1-19)
for Thursday:
read and digest grammar on pp. 29-31 do noun-adjective agreement chart read and translate 18$ (lines 20-52)
for Monday:
study for test 1 on chapters 1-18
12
Homework Exercises for Chapter 18 Form Identification: 1. δίδω µι, δώσω, ἔδωκα, δέδοκα, δέδο µαι, ἐδόθην 2. δόσις, -εως, ἡ 3. δώσων, δώσοντος, ὁ 4. δοτέος, -α, -ον Part of Form
Speech
Verbs Person
#
Tense
1. δίδως 2. δώσοντος
3. δόσιν 4. δοτέου
5. δοῦναι 6. δίδοτε
7. δοῦ 8. δοτέαι 9. διδο µένῳ
10. ἔδοντο 11. διδόν
12. δόσεις
13. δώσοντες
14. διδόναι 15. δώσεις
13
Nouns/Adjectives Voice
Mood
Case
#
Gender
Noun-Adjective Agreement Nouns γνώ µη, -ης ἡ ἄγγελος, -ου ὁ πρᾶγ µα, -ατος τό
Adjectives θείς, θεῖσα, θέν ταχύς, ταχεῖα, ταχύ ἀληθής, ἀληθές
Given the dictionary entries listed above, identify each form listed below by case, number and gender and then write the correct form of the adjective/s to modify the noun. (Ignore the Vocative case.)
Form
Case
#
Gen.
Adjective/s
µατα πράγ
ἄγγελος ἀγγέλου γνώ µῃ γνώ µαις ἀγγέλων
µασι πράγ πράγ µα
ἀγγέλους γνώ µας γνώ µαι πράγ µατος πράγ µατι ἀγγέλῳ ἄγγελοι γνώ µης γνώ µην
14
For practice with personal pronouns, reflexive pronouns, and possessive adjectives, translate the following:
1. τὴν ὁδὸν αὐτὸς ὁρᾷ. 2. αὐτοῦ τὴν οἰκίαν αὐτὴ ὁρᾷ. 3. αὐτὸς ὁρᾷ αὐτούς. 4. αὐτὴ ὁρᾷ τὴν σὴν οἰκίαν. 5. αὐτὴ ὁρᾷ τὸ αὐτὸ δένδρον. 6. αὐτὸς ὁρᾷ αὐτῶν τὸν κύνα. 7. σὺ ὁρᾶς µε. 8. σὺ λὲγεις αὐτοῖς τὸν µῦθον . 9. σὺ ὁρᾶς τὸν σὸν παῖδα. 10. ὁρῶ ἐ µαυτόν, ἀλλἂ οὐχ ὁρῶ ὑ µᾶς. 11. ὁ παῖς ὁρᾷ τὸν ἑαυτοῦ κύνα. 12. ὁ παῖς ὁρᾷ τὸν κύνα αὐτῆς. 13. ἡ µεῖς γὰρ οὐκ ἐθέλο µεν ἡ µᾶς αὐτοὺς σῴζειν. 14. σὺ λέγεις σεαυτῷ. 15. σὺ λέγεις σεαυτῇ. 16. σὺ λέγεις ἐ µοί. 17. ἄγω τὰ ὑ µέτερα µῆλα πρὸς τὴν ἐ µὴν οἰκίαν. 18. καθίζω ὑπὸ τὸ ἡ µέτερον δένδρον. 19. οὐκ ἐθέλο µεν ἡ µᾶς αὐτοὺς ἐπαίρειν. 20. τὰ µῆλα µετἂ αὐτῶν φεύγει. 21. τὰ µῆλα ἑαυτὰ φιλεῖ . 22. ὁ παῖς ἑαυτὸν φιλεῖ . 23. ὁ παῖς αὐτὴν φιλεῖ . 24. ὁ παῖς τὸν κύνα αὐτῆς φιλεῖ . 25. ἡ παῖς ἑαυτὴν φιλεῖ . 26. ἡ παῖς τὸν κύνα αὐτοῦ φιλεῖ . 27. ἡ παῖς τὸν αὐτὸν κύνα φιλεῖ .
15
Forms of MI-Verbs PRESENT ACTIVE
εἰ µί
µι εἶ
δίδω µι
τίθη µι
ἵστη µι
ἵη µι
εἶ
εἶ
δίδως
τίθης
ἵστης
ἵης
ἐστί
εἶσι(ν)
δίδωσι(ν)
τίθησι(ν)
ἵστησι(ν)
ἵησι(ν)
µέν ἐσ
µεν ἴ
δίδο µεν
τίθε µεν
ἵστα µεν
ἵε µεν
ἐστέ
ἴτε
δίδοτε
τίθετε
ἵστατε
ἵετε
εἰσί(ν)
ἴασι(ν)
διδόασι(ν)
τιθέασι(ν)
ἱστᾶσι(ν)
ἱᾶσι(ν)
ἴσθι
ἴθε
δίδου
τίθει
ἵστη
ἵει
ἔστε
ἴτε
δίδοτε
τίθετε
ἵστατε
ἵετε
εἶναι
ἰέναι
διδόναι
τιθέναι
ἱστάναι
ἱέναι
IMPERFECT ACTIVE
ἦ, ἦν
ᾖα, ᾔειν
ἐδίδουν
ἐτίθην
ἵστην
ἵην
ἦσθα
ἐδίδους
ἐτίθεις
ἵστης
ἵεις
ἦν
ᾔεισθα, ἠεις ᾔειν, ᾔει
ἐδίδου
ἐτίθει
ἵστη
ἵει
ἦ µεν
ᾖ µεν
ἐδίδο µεν
ἐτίθε µεν
ἵστα µεν
ἵε µεν
ἦτε
ᾖτε
ἐδίδοτε
ἐτίθετε
ἵστατε
ἵετε
ἦσαν
ᾖσαν, ᾔεσαν
ἐδίδοσαν
ἐτίθεσαν
ἵστασαν
ἵεσαν
MIDDLE
ἔσο µαι ἔσει, ἔσῃ ἔσται ἐσό µεθα ἔσεσθε ἔσονται ἔσεσθαι
FUTURE ACTIVE
δώσω δώσεις δώσει δώσο µεν δώσετε δώσουσι(ν) δώσειν
θήσω θήσεις θήσει θήσο µεν θήσετε θήσουσι(ν) θήσειν
16
στήσω στήσεις στήσει στήσο µεν στήσετε στήσουσι(ν) στήσειν
ἥσω ἥσεις ἥσει ἥσο µεν ἥσετε ἥσουσι(ν) ἥσειν
1ST /2 ND AORIST ACTIVE
SIGMATIC AORIST
ἔδωκα
ἔθηκα
ἔστησα
ἧκα
ἔδωκας
ἔθηκας
ἔστησας
ἧκας
ἔδωκε(ν)
ἔθηκε(ν)
ἔστησε(ν)
ἧκε(ν)
ἔδο µεν
ἔθε µεν
ἐστήσα µεν
µεν εἷ
ἔδοτε
ἔθετε
ἐστήσατε
εἷτε
ἔδοσαν
ἔθεσαν
ἔστησαν
εἷσαν
δός
θές
στῆσον
ἕς
δότε
θέτε
στήσατε
ἕτε
δοῦναι
θεῖναι
στῆσαι
εἷναι
ATHEMATIC 2 ND AORIST
ἔστην ἔστης ἔστη ἔστη µεν ἔστητε ἔστησαν στῆθι στῆτε στῆναι
17
PRESENT MIDDLE δίδο µαι τίθε µαι ἵστα µαι δίδοσαι τίθεσαι ἵστασαι δίδοται τίθεται ἵσταται διδό µεθα τιθέ µεθα ἱστά µεθα δίδοσθε τίθεσθε ἵστασθε δίδονται τίθενται ἵστανται δίδοσο τίθεσο ἵστασο δίδοσθε τίθεσθε ἵστασθε δίδοσθαι τίθεσθαι ἵστασθαι IMPERFECT MIDDLE ἐδιδό µην ἐτιθέ µην ἱστά µην ἐδίδοσο ἐτίθεσο ἵστασο ἐδίδοτο ἐτίθετο ἵστατο ἐδιδό µεθα ἐτίθέ µεθα ἱστά µεθα ἐδίδοσθε ἐτίθεσθε ἵστασθε ἐδίδοντο ἐτίθεντο ἵσταντο FUTURE MIDDLE δώσο µαι θήσο µαι στήσο µαι δώσει, δώσῃ θήσει, θήσῃ στήσει, στήσῃ δώσεται θήσεται στήσεται δωσό µεθα θησό µεθα στησό µεθα δώσεσθε θήσεσθε στήσεσθε δώσονται θήσονται στήσονται δώσεσθαι θήσεσθαι στήσεσθαι ST AORIST MIDDLE SIGMATIC 1 AORIST ἐδό µην ἐθέ µην ἐστησά µην ἔδου ἔθου ἐστήσω ἔδοτο ἔθετο ἐστήσατο ἐδό µεθα ἐθέ µεθα ἐστησά µεθα ἔδοσθε ἔθεσθε ἐστήσασθε ἔδοντο ἔθεντο ἐστήσαντο δοῦ θοῦ στῆσαι δόσθε θέσθε στήσασθε δόσθαι θέσθαι στήσασθαι
18
ἵε µαι ἵεσαι ἵεται ἱέ µεθα ἵεσθε ἵενται ἵεσο ἵεσθε ἵεσθαι ἱέ µην ἵεσο ἵετο ἱέ µεθα ἵεσθε ἵεντο ἥσο µαι ἥσει, ἥσῃ ἥσεται ἡσό µεθα ἥσεσθε ἥσονται ἥσεσθαι
µην εἵ εἷσο εἷτο µεθα εἵ εἷσθε εἷντο οὗ ἕσθε ἕσθαι
Principal Parts Quiz 1 Fill in the missing principal parts of the verbs listed below:
,
1. δίδω µι,
2.
, δέδωκα, δέδο µαι,
, ἀκούσο µαι,
, ἀκήκοα, ---, ἠκούσθην
3. ἀφικνέο µαι,
, ἀφικό µην, ----,
4.
,
,
5. βλάπτω, βλάψω, ἔβλαψα,
6. ἀγγέλω,
,
,
,
7. βαίνω, βήσο µαι, 8.
, γέγραφα, γέγρα µµαι, ἐγράφην
,
, ἤγγελ µαι, ἠγγέλθην
, βέβηκα ,
, ---, ---, βεβούλη µαι, ἐβουλήθην
9. ἀποθνῄσκω, ἀποθανοῦ µαι, 10. δοκέω,
,
, τέθνηκα , ---, δέδογ µαι,
11.
,
, ἐγενό µην, γέγονα, γεγένη µαι
12. αἴρω,
,ἦρα, ἦρκα, ἦρ µαι, ἤρθην
19
Homework Assignments for Chapter 19 for Monday:
test 1 on chapters 1-18
for Tuesday:
read and digest grammar on pp. 38-41 translate 19α
for Wednesday:
read and digest grammar on pp. 49-51 do form ID chart do exercises 19alpha (1-5), 19beta and 19gamma (5-10) read pp. 42-44
for Thursday:
quiz on forms of ἵστη µι read and translate all of 19 β
for Monday:
using the template on pg. 19 of the course pack, create a form ID chart do exercises 19zeta and 19eta (2, 4)
20
Homework Exercises for Chapter 19 Form Identification: νοστέω, νοστήσω, ἐνόστησα, νενόστηκα, νενόστη µαι, ἐνοστήθην νόστος, -ου ὁ νόστι µος, -ον Part of Form
Speech
Verbs Person
#
Tense
νοστεῖ
νόστῳ νοστεῖν νοστήσεις νόστι µον
νοστῇ ἐνόστησε νοστήσαντος
νοστήσων νόστησον
νόστοι νόστι µοι
ἐνοστήσατο νοστήσατε νοστοῦ µεν ἐνόστουν
21
Nouns/Adjectives Voice
Mood
Case
#
Gender
Form ID Template: φιλέω, φιλήσω, ἐφίλησα, πεφίληκα, πεφίλη µαι, ἐφιλήθην φίλος, -η, -ον φιλία, -ας, ἡ φίλησις, -εως ἡ
Given the dictionary listings above, create an identification worksheet below. Part of Form
Speech
Verbs Person
#
Tense
22
Nouns/Adjectives Voice
Mood
Case
#
Gender
Homework Assignments for Chapter 20 for Monday:
using the template on pg. 19 of the course pack, create a form ID chart do exercises 19zeta and 19eta (2,4)
for Tuesday:
do the verb synopsis charts read and translate all of 20γ
for Wednesday:
read and digest grammar on pp. 58-59 and 64-66 do form ID chart do exercises 20beta (evens) and 20epsilon (odds)
for Thursday:
vocabulary on forms for mi-verbs read and digest grammar on pp. 67-68 read and translate all of 20*
for Monday:
read the preview of the subjunctive on pp. 28-33 of this course pack read and digest grammar on pp.75-79 do exercises 21beta (evens) and 21gamma (evens) read and translate 21α lines 1-13
23
Homework Exercises for Chapter 20 Give a synopsis in the 3rd person singular of the verb φιλέω
INDIC.
INFINITIVE
ACTIVE
VOICE
SUBJ.
OPT.
INDIC.
MIDDLE
VOICE
SUBJ.
OPT.
INDIC.
PRES.
PRES.
IMPF.
IMPF.
FUT.
FUT.
AOR.
AOR.
PERF.
PERF.
PPF.
PPF.
PARTICIPLE
INFINITIVE
PARTICIPLE
PASSIVE
VOICE
SUBJ.
OPT.
INFINITIVE
PRES.
PRES.
FUT.
FUT.
AOR.
AOR.
PERF.
PERF.
For participles, give the nominative singular masculine form. present active imperative ____________________ and _________________ present middle imperative: ____________________ and _________________ aorist active imperative: ____________________ and _________________ aorist middle imperative: ____________________ and _________________
24
PARICIPLE
Give a synopsis in the 3rd person plural of the verb ἵστη µι
INDIC.
INFINITIVE
ACTIVE
VOICE
SUBJ.
OPT.
INDIC.
MIDDLE
VOICE
SUBJ.
OPT.
INDIC.
PRES.
PRES.
IMPF.
IMPF.
FUT.
FUT.
AOR.
AOR.
PERF.
PERF.
PPF.
PPF.
PARTICIPLE
INFINITIVE
PARTICIPLE
PASSIVE
VOICE
SUBJ.
OPT.
INFINITIVE
PRES.
PRES.
FUT.
FUT.
AOR.
AOR.
PERF.
PERF.
For participles, give the nominative singular masculine form. present active imperative ____________________ and _________________ present middle imperative: ____________________ and _________________ aorist active imperative: ____________________ and _________________ aorist middle imperative: ____________________ and _________________
25
PARICIPLE
Form ID: 1. φιλέω, φιλήσω, ἐφίλησα, πεφίληκα, πεφίλη µαι, ἐφιλήθην 2. φίλος, -η, -ον 3. φιλία, -ας, ἡ 4. φίλησις, -εως ἡ
Part of Form
Speech
Verbs Person
#
Tense
πεφίληκα φιλήσατε φιλήσας φίλον
φιλήσω φιλήσεις
φιλίας
φιλίαις ἐφίλουν
ἐφιλήσατο
26
Nouns/Adjectives Voice
Mood
Case
#
Gender
Part of Form
Speech
Verbs Person
#
Tense
φιλου µέναις ἐφίλησας φίλησιν φιλήσεσθαι φιλῆσαι
ἐφιλήθην φίλοις
27
Nouns/Adjectives Voice
Mood
Case
#
Gender
The Subjunctive Mood* The indicative mood is used for assertions of fact and appears in most independent clauses and in some dependent clauses. The subjunctive mood expresses mere assumption or possibility and is often used in subordinate clauses. Note its name in Latin, subiunctivus, means “joined with.” The Greek subjunctive has three tenses: present, aorist, and perfect. It always has aspect meaning, rather than temporal meaning. In other words, present subjunctive indicates continuing aspect; but aorist subjunctive indicates simple aspect. These aspectual differences will be difficult, often impossible, to convey in your translations. Formation of the Subjunctive:
In all tenses, the subjunctive is formed by adding lengthened thematic vowels and primary personal endings to the appropriate tense stem. See the chart below,
Sing.
Pl.
active
middle/ passive
aorist passive
1st 2nd 3rd
-ω
-ω µαι
-ω
-ῃς -ῃ
-ῃ -ηται
-ῃς -ῃ
1st 2nd 3rd
-ω µεν -ητε -ωσι(ν)
-ω µεθα -ησθε -ωνται
-ω µεν -ητε -ωσι(ν)
some Present Active Subjunctive paradigms: ἄγω ἄγῃς ἄγῃ
ποιῶ (ποιέω) ποιῇς ποιῇ
τιθῶ (τιθέω) τιθῇς τιθῇ
ὁρῶ (ὁράω) ὁρᾷς ὁρᾷ
δηλῶ (δηλόω) δηλοῖς δηλοῖ
διδῶ (διδόω) διδῷς διδῷ
ἄγω µεν ἄγητε ἄγωσι(ν)
ποιῶ µεν ποιῆτε ποιῶσι(ν)
τιθῶ µεν τιθῆτε τιθῶσι(ν)
ὁρῶ µεν ὁρᾶτε ὁρῶσι(ν)
δηλῶ µεν δηλῶτε δηλῶσι(ν)
διδῶ µεν διδῶτε διδῶσι(ν)
some Present Middle Subjunctive paradigms: ἄγω µαι ἄγῃ ἄγηται
ποιῶ µαι ποιῇ ποιῆται
ὁρῶ µαι ὁρᾷ ὁρᾶται
δηλῶ µαι δηλοῖ δηλῶται
διδῶ µαι διδῷ διδῶται
ἀγώ µεθα ἄγηςθε ἄγωνται
ποιώ µεθα ποιῆσθε ποιῶνται
ὁρώ µεθα ὁρᾶσθε ὁρῶνται
δηλώ µεθα δηλῶσθε δηλῶνται
διδώ µεθα διδῶσθε διδῶνται
28
an Aorist Active Subjunctive paradigm:
an Aorist Middle Subjunctive paradigm:
λίπω λίπῃς λίπῃ
λίπω µαι λίπῃ λίπηται
λίπω µεν λίπητε λίπωσι(ν)
an Aorist Passive Subjunctive paradigm: 6th princ. Part = ἐλύθην
λυθέω > λυθῶ λυθέῃς > λυθῇς λυθέῃ > λυθῇ
subjunctive stem = λυθε
λυθέω µεν > λυθῶ µεν λυθέητε > λυθῆτε λυθέωσι > λυθῶσιν
29
λιπώ µεθα λίπησθε λίπωνται
I. Independent Uses of the Subjunctive
The Subjunctive does have some independent uses (i.e., not in subordinate clauses). These uses may be classified as either imperatival (issuing a command or recommendation for future action) or as prospective (looking to an action that might take place in the future or to a proposition that might be ascertained as true in the future). You negate a subjunctive verb with µή, rather than οὐ. A. Hortatory Subjunctive: expresses a proposal or an exhortation.
νῦν ἴω µεν καὶ ἀκούσω µεν τοῦ ἀνδρός. Let us go now and hear the man.
µὴ φοβώ µεθα. Let us not be afraid. (Note: This is not the same as “Don’t be afraid” which would use an imperative verb instead.) B. Prohibitive Subjunctive: a negative command. (a negative command with present aspect usually is expressed with imperative instead of subjunctive).
µὴ ποιήσητε ταῦτα. Do not do this/these things. µηδεὶς ἡγήσηται τὸν Φίλιππον φίλον. Let no one consider Philip a friend. C. Doubtful assertions and emphatic denials: with µή expresses a doubtful assertion (“Perhaps...” or “I suspect...”); with µὴ οὐ , a doubtful denial (“Perhaps...not...”); but with οὐ µὴ , a strong denial.
µὴ τοῦτο ᾖ ὃ ἐζητοῦ µεν. Perhaps this is what we were seeking. µὴ οὐ ὀρθῶς ἔχῃ ταῦτα. I suspect that these things are not correct. οὐ µὴ δείξῃ ἀναίτιος. He will never show that he is free of blame. D. Deliberative subjunctive: used in questions in which one is asking what one is to do or wondering what is to happen.
εἴπω µεν ἣ σιγῶ µεν; Shall we speak or keep silent? τί πάθω ; What am I to experience?
30
ΙI.
Dependent Uses of the Subjunctive
The subjunctive mood often appears in dependent temporal, relative, or conditional clauses which are indefinite or general in nature. In these clauses, ἄν appears with the subjunctive. A. Purpose Clauses: clauses that express purpose and are introduced by ἵνα, ὡς, or ὅπως.
We are fighting so that / in order that we may/might save our fatherland. µαχό µεθα ἵνα τὴν πατρίδα σώσω µεν. They are hurrying so that / in order that they may not arrive late. σπεύδουσιν ὅπως µὴ ὀψὲ ἀφίκωνται. B. Conditional Sentences: consists of two statements: one makes an assumption (“If A....”); the other states a conclusion which follows from that assumption (“then B....”). The assumption is called the protasis; the conclusion is called the apodosis. The negative of the protasis is µή , that of the apodosis is οὐ.
If it rains (protasis), they will stay home (apodosis). NO VERB IN A CONDITIONAL SENTENCE CAN BE TRANSLATED UNTIL THE TYPE OF CONDITION IS IDENTIFIED. Type of Condition 1. Future More Vivid
Protasis ἐάν + subjunctive does
Apodosis future indicative will do
ἐὰν ἄγγελον πέ µπῃ / πέ µψῃ, τὴν µάχην παύσουσιν. (tense of subj. refers to aspect) If he sends a messenger, they will stop the battle.
Protasis makes an assumption about the future; apodosis draws a conclusion based on that assumption. 2. Future Less Vivid
εἰ + optative should do
optative + ἄν would do
εἰ ἄγγελον πέ µποι / πέ µψαι, τὴν µάχην παύοιεν / παύσαιεν ἄν. If he should send a messenger, they would stop the battle.
Protasis makes an assumption about the future which is viewed as less likely to come true than is the protasis of a future more vivid; apodosis draws a conclusion based on this less likely assumption. The particle ἄν is necessary to complete the meaning of the apodosis but is not translated. Both εἰ and ἐάν mean “if” but are not interchangeable; each belongs to only certain types of conditional sentences. 3. Present General
ἐάν + subjunctive does
ἐὰν ἄγγελον πέ µπῃ / πέ µψῃ, τὴν µάχην παύουσιν. If he (ever) sends a messenger, they (stop) stop the battle.
31
present indicative does
Protasis makes an assumption in present time; apodosis draws a conclusion which follows as a general rule from this assumption. εἰ + optative did
4. Past General
imperfect indicative did
εἰ ἄγγελον πέ µποι / πέ µψαι, τὴν µάχην ἔπαυον. If he (ever) sent a messenger, they (always) stopped the battle.
Protasis makes an assumption in past time; apodosis draws a conclusion which follows as a general rule in past time. 5. Present Contrary to Fact
εἰ + imperfect indic were doing
impf. indic. + ἄν would be doing
εἰ ἄγγελον ἔπε µπεν, τὴν µάχην ἔπαυον ἄν. If he were sending a messenger (but he is not), they would be stopping the battle (but they are not).
Protasis assumes something which is not true in the present time; apodosis draws a conclusion based on this unreal assumption. 6. Past Contrary to Fact
εἰ + aorist indic. had done
aor. indic. + ἄν would have done
εἰ ἄγγελον ἔπε µψεν, τὴν µάχην ἔπαυσαν ἄν. If he had sent a messenger (but he did not), they would have stopped the battle (but they did not).
Protasis assumes something which is not true in past time; apodosis draws a conclusion based on this unreal assumption.
B. Relative Clauses: Instead of being introduced by the particles εἰ or ἐάν, the protasis of a conditional sentence can be introduced by a form of the relative pronoun. This happens when the antecedent of the pronoun is general and relative pronoun can then be translated as whoever, whatever, or when the action of the clause is future, past or present general, or contrary to fact. A relative protasis clause follows the same rules given above for conditional protases. Even when the relative pronoun has a demonstrative antecedent like ἐκεῖνος, the structure of the clause shows that the speaker does not have anyone specific in mind.
e.g., Future More Vivid
ὅς, ἥ, ὅ + ἄν + subjunct. does
future indic. will do
ὃν ἂν εἱς τὴν νῆσον πέ µπω µεν / πέ µψω µεν, ἑκεῖνος παιδευθήσεται. Whomever we send to the island, that man will be educated.
C. Temporal clauses: Temporal clauses are dependent clauses introduced by temporal conjunctions (e.g., after, while, until) and indicating a relationship in time between the action of the dependent clause and
32
that of the main verb. The action of the temporal clause can be prior to, simultaneous with, or after that of main verb. Imperfect shows simultaneous action; aorist, prior action. When the temporal relationship is definite, the indicative is used. For example, Prior action: ἐπεὶ τὸ βιβλίον ἔγραψεν, τοὺς πολίτας ἐδίδαξεν. After he wrote the book, he taught the citizens. Simultaneous: ὅτε τὸ βιβλίον ἔγραφεν, τοὺς πολίτας ἐδίδαξεν. When he was writing the book, he taught the citizens. When the temporal relationship is general or indefinite, the subjunctive is used. The clause starters ἐπειδάν etc. are used for prior time; ὅταν for simultaneous time. For example, 1. Present General
subjunc (neg. = µή)
present indic (neg. = οὐ)
Prior action: ἐπειδὰν εἰς τὴν νῆσον πε µφθῇ, τοὺς πολίτας διδάσκει. Whenever he is sent to the island, he teaches the citizens. Simultaneous: ὅταν βιβλίον γράφῃ, τοὺς πολίτας διδάσκει. Whenever he is writing a book, he teaches the citizens. optative (neg = µή)
2. Past General
imperfect indic (neg = οὐ)
Prior action: ἐπεὶ εἱς τὴν νῆσον πε µφθείη, τοὺς πολίτας ἐδίδασκεν. Whenever he was sent to the island, he taught the citizens. Simultaneous: ὅτε βιβλίον γράφοι, τοὺς πολίτας ἐδίδασκεν. Whenever he was writing a book, he taught the citizens. 3. Future More Vivid
subjunc (neg = µή)
future indic (neg = οὐ)
Prior action: ἐπειδὰν εἰς τὴν νῆσον πε µφθῇ, τοὺς πολίτας διδάξει. After he is sent to the island, he will teach the citizens. Simultaneous: ὅταν βιβλίον γράφῃ, τοὺς πολίτας διδάξει. When he is writing a book, he will teach the citizens.
*Explanations and examples are adapted from D. Mastronade, Introduction to Attic Greek ; G. Seligson and S. Shelmerdine, Greek for Reading ; and H. Hansen and G. Quinn, Greek: An Intensive Course .
33
Homework Assignments for Chapter 21 for Monday:
read the preview of the subjunctive on pp. 28-33 of this course pack read and digest grammar on pp.75-79 do exercises 21beta (evens) and 21gamma (evens) read and translate 21α lines 1-13
for Tuesday:
quiz on subjunctive forms read and translate 21α lines 14-end read pp. 80-81 read and digest grammar on pp. 85-86
for Wednesday:
vocabulary quiz do form ID chart read and translate 21 β, lines 1-21
for Thursday:
quiz on subjunctive of mi-verbs read and translate 21 β, lines 22-40
for Monday:
study for test 2 on chapters 1-21 (to study for test, use the template on pg. 33 to create a form ID chart to fill out and do the principal parts quiz on pg. 34)
34
Homework Exercises for Chapter 21 ἄρχω, ἄρξω, ἤρξα, ἦργ µαι, ἤρχθην ἄρχων, -οντος ὁ ἀρχηγός, ἀρχηγόν
Form ID:
Part of Form
Speech
ἀρχή, -ῆς ἡ ἀρχός, -οῦ ὁ Verbs
Person
#
Tense
ἀρχοῖς ἤρξα
µένη ἀρχο µ ἄρξεσθαι ἀρχηγοί
ἄρξεις ἆρξαι
ἄρχοντες
ἤρξας ἄρχω
ἆρξον
ἄρχῃ
ἀρχήν ἄρχου ἄρχητε ἄρχωνται ἄρξωνται
35
Nouns/Adjectives Voice
Mood
Case
#
Gender
Form ID template: βουλεύω, βουλεύσω, ἐβούλευσα, βεβούλευκα, βεβούλευ µ µαι, ἐβουλεύθην βούλευσις, -εως ἡ βουλευτής, -οῦ ὁ βουλευτός, -ή, -όν
Given the dictionary listings above, create an identification worksheet below. Part of Form
Speech
Verbs Person
#
Tense
36
Nouns/Adjectives Voice
Mood
Case
#
Gender
Principal Parts Quiz 2 Fill in the missing principal parts for the verbs listed below: 1. εἰ µί, _______________ 2. _______________ , ἕξω or σχήσω, _______________, ἔσχηκα, ἔσχη µαι 3. _______________, _______________, ἔστησα and ἔστην, ἕστηκα, ἕστα µαι, ἐστάθην 4. λείπω, _______________, ______________, λέλοιπα, λέλει µµαι, _______________ 5. _______________ , ______________, ἐνό µισα, νε µό µικα, _______________, ἐνο µίσθην 6. _______________ , _______________, _______________, -εἴλοχα, -εἴλεγ µαι and µαι, -ἐλέχθην and -ἐλέγην λέλεγ
7. _______________ , _______________, ἐκάλεσα, κέκληκα, κέκλη µαι, ______________ 8. ἐλαύνω, _______________, _______________, -ἐλήλακα, ἐλήλα µαι, ἠλάθην 9. λα µ βάνω, _______________, _______________, _____________, εἴλη µµαι, ἐλήφθην 10. ἐσθίω, _______________, _______________, ἐδήδοκα
37
Homework Assignments for Chapter 22
for Monday:
study for test 2 on chapters 1-21 (to study for test, use the template on pg. 33 to create a form ID chart to fill out and do the principal parts quiz on pg. 34)
for Tuesday:
read and digest grammar on pp. 92-96 do exercises 22alpha (1-5) and 22gamma (1-5) do verb synopsis charts for timãv, ·hmi
for Wednesday:
read and translate all of 22" read pp. 97-99
for Thursday:
Summary of Conditions (see chart) vocabulary quiz on chapter 22 read and digest grammar on pp. 102-103 do exercises 22delta (evens) and 22e (1,5)
for Monday:
quiz on subjunctive forms of de¤knumi do verb synopsis charts for de¤knumi read and translate all of 22$
38
Homework Exercises for Chapter 22 Give a synopsis in the 2nd person plural of the verb τι µάω
INDIC.
INFINITIVE
ACTIVE
VOICE
SUBJ.
OPT.
INDIC.
MIDDLE
VOICE
SUBJ.
OPT.
INDIC.
PRES.
PRES.
IMPF.
IMPF.
FUT.
FUT.
AOR.
AOR.
PERF.
PERF.
PPF.
PPF.
PARTICIPLE
INFINITIVE
PARTICIPLE
PASSIVE
VOICE
SUBJ.
OPT.
INFINITIVE
PRES.
PRES.
FUT.
FUT.
AOR.
AOR.
PERF.
PERF.
For participles, give the nominative singular masculine form. present active imperative ____________________ and _________________ present middle imperative: ____________________ and _________________ aorist active imperative: ____________________ and _________________ aorist middle imperative: ____________________ and _________________
39
PARICIPLE
Give a synopsis in the 3rd person plural of the verb ἵη µι
INDIC.
INFINITIVE
ACTIVE
VOICE
SUBJ.
OPT.
INDIC.
MIDDLE
VOICE
SUBJ.
OPT.
INDIC.
PRES.
PRES.
IMPF.
IMPF.
FUT.
FUT.
AOR.
AOR.
PERF.
PERF.
PPF.
PPF.
PARTICIPLE
INFINITIVE
PARTICIPLE
PASSIVE
VOICE
SUBJ.
OPT.
INFINITIVE
PRES.
PRES.
FUT.
FUT.
AOR.
AOR.
PERF.
PERF.
For participles, give the nominative singular masculine form. present active imperative ____________________ and _________________ present middle imperative: ____________________ and _________________ aorist active imperative: ____________________ and _________________ aorist middle imperative: ____________________ and _________________
40
PARICIPLE
Give a synopsis in the 1st person singular of the verb δείκνυ µι
INDIC.
INFINITIVE
ACTIVE
VOICE
SUBJ.
OPT.
INDIC.
MIDDLE
VOICE
SUBJ.
OPT.
INDIC.
PRES.
PRES.
IMPF.
IMPF.
FUT.
FUT.
AOR.
AOR.
PERF.
PERF.
PPF.
PPF.
PARTICIPLE
INFINITIVE
PARTICIPLE
PASSIVE
VOICE
SUBJ.
OPT.
INFINITIVE
PRES.
PRES.
FUT.
FUT.
AOR.
AOR.
PERF.
PERF.
For participles, give the nominative singular masculine form. present active imperative ____________________ and _________________ present middle imperative: ____________________ and _________________ aorist active imperative: ____________________ and _________________ aorist middle imperative: ____________________ and _________________
41
PARICIPLE
Open Conditions
Closed Conditions
(nothing implied about outcome)
(negative outcome implied)
Protasis neg: µή Clause
S. V.
Starter Mood
εἰ
ind.
Tense Any
Apodosis neg: οὐ M. V.
Type of
Mood Tense
Clause
ind.
any if y, x
A
εἰ
ind.
fut.
ind.
fut.
@
Future Most Vivid if do, will do A
εἰ + subj. aor. or pres. ἄν
ind.
εἰ + subj. aor. or pres. ἄν
ind.
εἰ
opt.
aor. or pres.
pres. Present General if (ever) do, do (always) A
fut.
@
Future More Vivid if (ever) do, will do A
ind.
Particular / Definite clauses
@
General / Indefinite clauses
@
@
impf. Past General if (ever) did, was doing (always)
Protasis neg: µή
A
@
Clause Starter
εἰ
S.
V.
Mood ind.
Apodosis neg: οὐ M.
Tense impf.
V.
Mood ind.
Type of Tense
impf. + ἄν
Clause Pres. Contrary to Fact if were doing, would do A
εἰ
ind.
aor.
ind.
aor. + ἄν
Past Contrary to Fact if had done, would have done A
@
εἰ
opt.
aor. or pres.
opt.
aor. or pres. +
ἄν
42
@
Future Less Vivid if should do, would do” A
Homework Assignments for Chapter 23 for Monday:
quiz on subjunctive forms of de¤knumi do verb synopsis charts for de¤knumi read and translate all of 22$
for Tuesday:
read and digest grammar on pp. 108-111 do exercise 23alpha (1-5) read and translate all of 23a read pp. 112-113
for Wednesday:
read and digest grammar on pp. 116-120 do form ID chart do euphony exercise do exercise 23gamma (1-3), 23delta (odds) and 23epsilon (evens)
for Thursday:
Reading with Expectations (see chart) vocabulary quiz on chapter 23 read and translate all of 23$
for Monday:
study for test 3 on chapters 1-23
43
Homework Exercises for Chapter 23 Form ID: 1. φαίνω, φανῶ, ἔφηνα, πέφαγκα and πέφηνα, πέφασ µαι, ἐφάνθην and ἐφάνην 2. φή µι, φήσω, ἔφησα 3. φατός, -ή, -όν 4. φάσις, -εως ἡ Part of Form
Speech
Verbs Person
#
Tense
φατά
φανοῦσι
φάσεσι ἔφαινον
ἔφηναν φήνας φησί φατέ φαίνω
φάσιν φῆνον φάτε φάσει φάσεων φάσεις
φῆναι
φατοῦ
44
Nouns/Adjectives Voice
Mood
Case
#
Gender
Euphony Exercise: Certain changes in spelling take place when prefixes are attached to verbs. Observing the changes mentioned on pg. 120 and vol. I, pp. 58-9, produce the compound verb that results when the following prefixes precede the following verb root. Prefix(es)
Root Verb
1. épo-
èrpãzv
2. pro-
ırãv
3. kata-
·sthmi
4. para-
§laÊnv
5. §pi-
Íbr¤zv
6. peri-
·sthmi
7. sun-
bãllv
8. pro-
êgv
9. §n-
f°rv
10. éna-
¶xv
11. sun-
=°v
12. épo-
lÊv
13. meta-
efim¤
14. meta-
aflr°v
15. pro-
ˆnumi
16. §n-
g¤gnomai
17. peri-
bãllv
18. sun-
ofik°v
19. pro-
d¤dvmi
20. kata-
·sthmi
Compound Verb
45
Clause Expectations What You See
Grammatical Construction
What You Expect
(clause starters are underlined)
verb of saying, thinking, knowing, hoping, learning, perceiving
φοβέω
(clause starters are underlined)
indirect statement
1. ὅτι or ὡς + finite verb in indicative mood 2. infinitive with accusative subject 3. participle with accusative subject
purpose clause
1. ἵνα, ὡς or ὅπως + subjunctive verb 2. ὡς + future participle
clause of fearing
1. µή + finite verb in subjunctive mood 2. complimentary infinitive
εἴθε , εἰ γάρ
Wish
εἴθε , εἰ γάρ + finite verb in optative mood
ἐπει, ἕως, πρίν etc.
temporal clause
ἐπει, ἕως, πρίν etc. + finite verb in indicative
ἐπειδάν
indefinite temporal clause
ἐπειδάν (= ἐπει + άν) + finite verb in subjunctive mood
ὅς
relative clause
ὅς + finite verb in indicative mood
ὅστιν ἄν
indefinite relative clause
ὅστιν ἄν + finite verb in subjunctive mood
Εἰ
conditional clause
εἰ + finite verb in indicative mood
ἐάν
indefinite conditional clause
ἐάν + finite verb in subjunctive or optative mood
verb of striving, effort
Object clause of striving
ὅπως + future indicative (here, negative is ὅπως µή)
As you learn new constructions, continue to fill out this chart to help you keep track of your grammatical expectations as you read.
46
Homework Assignments for Chapter 24 for Monday:
study for test 3 on chapters 1-23
for Tuesday:
read and digest grammar on pp. 126-28 do exercise 24alpha (all) and 24beta (all) do verb synopsis chart
for Wednesday:
quiz on comparative adjectives read and translate all of 24a read pp. 129-31
for Thursday:
vocabulary quiz read and digest grammar on pp. 134-35 do exercise 24delta (all) and 24epsilon (odds)
for Monday:
read and translate all of 24b
47
Homework Exercises for Chapter 24 Give a synopsis in the 3rd person plural of the verb δείκνυ µι
INDIC.
INFINITIVE
ACTIVE
VOICE
SUBJ.
OPT.
INDIC.
MIDDLE
VOICE
SUBJ.
OPT.
INDIC.
PRES.
PRES.
IMPF.
IMPF.
FUT.
FUT.
AOR.
AOR.
PERF.
PERF.
PPF.
PPF.
PARTICIPLE
INFINITIVE
PARTICIPLE
PASSIVE
VOICE
SUBJ.
OPT.
INFINITIVE
PRES.
PRES.
FUT.
FUT.
AOR.
AOR.
PERF.
PERF.
For participles, give the nominative singular masculine form. present active imperative ____________________ and _________________ present middle imperative: ____________________ and _________________ aorist active imperative: ____________________ and _________________ aorist middle imperative: ____________________ and ________________
48
PARICIPLE
Homework Assignments for Chapter 25 for Monday:
read and translate all of 24b
for Tuesday:
read and digest grammar on pp. 142-46 do exercises 25alpha (evens), 25beta (odds) 25delta (evens) and 25epsilon (1-4)
for Wednesday:
quiz on optative forms read and translate all of 25a read pp. 148-49
for Thursday:
vocabulary quiz on chapter 25 read and digest grammar on pp. 153-56 do exercise 25theta do form ID chart
for Monday:
read and translate all of 25b for practice, do principal parts quiz 3
49
Homework Exercises for Chapter 25 Form ID:
1. ποιέω, ποιήσω, ἐποίησα, πεποίηκα, πεποίη µαι, ἐποίηθην 2. ποιητής, -οῦ ὁ 3. ποίησις, -εως ἡ 4. ποιητέος, -η, -ον Part of Form
Speech
Verbs Person
#
Tense
ἐποίησαν ποιησό µεθα ποιήσασθαι ποιητῇ ποιήσεις
ποιηθῆναι ποιητέων
ποιητέας
ποιητῶν ποιοῖσθε ποιήσει
ποίησις ποιήθητι ποιητάς ποιοῦσι
50
Nouns/Adjectives Voice
Mood
Case
#
Gender
Part of Form
Speech
Verbs Person
#
Tense
ποιεῖσθαι ποιητέα
ποίησεσι ποιῶσι
51
Nouns/Adjectives Voice
Mood
Case
#
Gender
Principal Parts Quiz 3 Complete the following dictionary entries:
1.
,
,
, πέπο µφα, πέπε µµαι,
ἐπέ µφθην
2. ὁράω,
,
,
,
,
or ἑώρακα,
ἑώρα µαι or ὦ µµαι, ὤφθην
3. µένω, 4.
, πείσο µαι,
5. µέλει, µελήσει, 6.
, ,
,
,
ἐλείφθην
Give the English definition of each of the verbs listed above: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
52
, λέλοιπα, λέλει µµαι,
Homework Assignments for Chapter 26 for Monday:
read and translate all of 25b for practice, do principal parts quiz 3
for Tuesday:
read and digest grammar on pp. 162-64 do exercise 26alpha and 26beta (1-4) read pp. 166-67
for Wednesday
vocabulary quiz read and translate all of 26a
for Thursday:
read and digest grammar on pp. 171-73 do exercise 26gamma (evens) read and translate all of 26b
for Monday:
study for test 4 on chapters 1-26 to study for test, do “Study Exercise for Chapter 26”
53
Study Exercise for Chapter 26 In the following lines, identify the case of the underlined word/phrase and classify which specific use of the case it is. Choose from the following specific case uses: Genitive
Dative
Possessive Genitive Genitive with Special Adjectives Partitive Genitive Genitive of Time (Within Which) Genitive of Comparison Genitive of Separation Genitive with Special Verbs
Indirect Object Dative of Interest / Reference Dative of Respect Dative of Instrument Dative of Accompaniment Dative of Time (When) Dative of Degree of Difference
Sentence
Case
λέγω.
1. τοὺς λόγους
2. τὸ πλῆθος
ἀφίσταται.
3. τὸ πλῆθος
ἰσχυρότερον.
4. ὁ υἱὸς τὸν οἶνον
ἔπινε.
5. οὗτος πολὺ ἀπέχει
.
6. ὁ υἱὸς τὸν πλείονα οἶνον πίνει
.
7. ὁ υἱὸς τὸν ἄριστον οἶνον 8. ὁ φίλος
σῴζει.
χάριν ἀποδίδωσι.
9. ὁ φίλος οἶνου ἕνεκα 10. ὁ φίλος 11. ὁ υἱὸς τὴν
ἐνόσει. ἐνόσει. ἀ µείνονα παιδεύσιν τοῦ
οἰκείου κυνὸς ἔχει.
12. ὁ υἱὸς τὸν αὐτὸν βιβλιὸν ἀνέγνωκε.
13. ὁ φίλος 14.
ἀπέθανε.
τὸ τοῦ φίλου σῶ µα κ?ύπτειν, ὁ υἱὸς
ἠπόρησε.
15. ὁ υἱὸς
τὸ τοῦ φίλου σῶ µα
ἔδωκε δείπνησαι.
54
Accusative Direct Object Accusative of Respect Accusative of Time (Duration) Accusative Absolute
Specific Use
Homework Assignments for Chapter 27 for Monday:
study for test 4 on chapters 1-26 to study for test, do “Study Exercise for Chapter 26”
for Tuesday:
read and digest the summary of the Ionic dialect on pg. 179 read and digest grammar on pp. 183-88 do perfect review chart
for Wednesday:
vocabulary quiz read and translate all of 27a read pp. 190-92
for Thursday:
quiz on perfect forms read and digest grammar pp. 196-99 do exercises 27theta (evens), 27iota (odds) and 27kappa
for Monday:
read and translate all of 27b
55
Homework Exercises for Chapter 27 Review of Perfect System: λείπω, λείψω, ἔλιπον, λέλοιπα, λελεί µαι, ἐλείφθην λύω, λύσω, ἔλυσα, λέλυκα, λέλυ µµαι, ἐλύθην δείκνυ µι, δείξω, ἔδειξα, δέδειχα, δέδειγ µαι, ἐδείχθην 1st pp of Form
the verb
Form Identification Person
#
Tense
λελείπται δέδειχθε ἐλέλειψω λελεί µµένη ᾖ δεδείχθαι λελυ µένος εἴη λελεῖφθαι ἐδεδείγ µεθα
µένοι εἶεν δεδεγ λέλυσαι λέλυσο ἐλέλειφθε λελυ µέναι ἦτε λελει µµέναι εἰσί λέλειψαι ἐλελεί µµην ἐδέδειξο λελυ µένοι εἴησαν ἐλέλυσθε
56
Voice
Participles Mood
Translation
case
gender
Homework Assignments for Chapter 28 for Monday:
read and translate all of 27b
for Tuesday:
vocabulary quiz read and digest grammar on pp. 206-11 do exercises 28gamma (evens), 28delta (odds) and 28epsilon (1-5) read pp. 166-7
for Wednesday:
quiz on perfect forms read and translate all of 28a read pp. 212-14
for Thursday:
read and digest grammar on pp. 219-20 read and translate all of 28b
for Monday:
study for test 5 on chapters 1-28 to study for test, do the synopsis chart for πείθω for practice, do principal parts quiz 4
57
Study Exercise for Chapter 28 Give a synopsis in the 3rd person singular of the verb πείθω
INDIC.
INFINITIVE
ACTIVE
VOICE
SUBJ.
OPT.
INDIC.
MIDDLE
VOICE
SUBJ.
OPT.
INDIC.
PRES.
PRES.
IMPF.
IMPF.
FUT.
FUT.
AOR.
AOR.
PERF.
PERF.
PPF.
PPF.
PARTICIPLE
INFINITIVE
PARTICIPLE
PASSIVE
VOICE
SUBJ.
OPT.
INFINITIVE
PRES.
PRES.
FUT.
FUT.
AOR.
AOR.
PERF.
PERF.
For participles, give the nominative singular masculine form. present active imperative ____________________ and _________________ present middle imperative: ____________________ and _________________ aorist active imperative: ____________________ and _________________ aorist middle imperative: ____________________ and ________________
58
PARICIPLE
Principal Parts Quiz 4 Complete the following dictionary entries: 1.
,
, ἔθρεψα, τέτροφα, τέθρα µµαι,
or ἐτράφην 2. φαίνω, φανῶ or φανοῦ µαι, _______________, πέφαγκα and πέφηνα, _______________, _______________ and ἐφάνην
3. φή µι, 4. τρέχω, 5. φεύγω,
6. τυγχάνω,
, ,
,
, _____________ ,
or
,
, τετύχηκα
Give the English definition of each of the verbs listed above: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
59
,
Homework Assignments for Chapter 29 alpha-beta for Monday:
study for test 5 on chapters 1-28 to study for test, do the synopsis chart for πείθω for practice, do principal parts quiz 4
for Tuesday:
read pg. 224 translate the Greek hymn on pp. 225-27
for Wednesday:
read pp. 232-33, 237 read and translate all of 29a
for Thursday:
vocabulary quiz on chapter 29 sections α, β read and translate all of 29b
for Monday:
review all uses of the genitive case and do the worksheet on the genitive read and translate all of 29g
60
Homework Assignments for Chapter 29 gamma-epsilon for Monday:
review all uses of the genitive case and do the worksheet on the genitive read and translate all of 29g
for Tuesday:
review all uses of the dative case and do the worksheet on the dative read and translate all of 29d read pp. 241-42
for Wednesday:
review all uses of the accusative case & do the worksheet on the accusative read and digest grammar on pp. 247-48 do exercise 29alpha
for Thursday:
vocabulary quiz on chapter 29 γ -ε read and translate all of 29ε
for Monday:
study for test 6 on principal parts of the 75 most common irregular verbs
61
Review of the Genitive Case Identify the uses of the genitive case demonstrated in the sentences below. 1.
πέντε τῶν στρατιωτῶν ἀπέθανον ὑπὸ τῶν βαρβάρων.
2.
ὁ τοῦ στρατηγοῦ ἀδελφὸς ἐπέ µφθη εἰς τὴν τῶν ὁπλιτῶν οἰκίαν.
3.
τῇ µιᾶς αἰγὸς µόνης θυσίᾳ οὐχ ἥσθη ἡ θεός.
4.
ὁ γέρων ἄξιός ἐστι τῆς τι µῆς.
5.
πέντε ἡ µερῶν ἀφίξει.
6.
τὸν ἀδελφὸν ἔπε µψα ἐκ τῆς οἰκίας.
7.
ἀρετὴν ἐδιδάχθην ὑπὸ τοῦ Σωκαράτους.
8.
θαυ µάζω τῆς σῆς ἀ µαθίας.
9.
τοὺς Ἀθηναίους τῆς δουλείας ἐλύσα µεν.
10.
ὁ Σωκράτης πολὺ σοφώτερός ἐστι τῆς γυναικός.
11.
τοῦ Σωκράτους ταῦτα λέγοντος ἤκουσα.
12.
τῶν Λακεδαι µονίων νικηθέντων, εἰρήνην ἤγο µεν.
13.
τοῖς χοροῖς τοῖς τοὺς ἀγῶνας νικήσασι στεφάνους χρυσοῦ ἐδίδοσαν.
62
Review of the Dative Case Identify the uses of the dative case demonstrated in the sentences below. 1.
τὰ βιβλία τοῖς µαθηταῖς ἔδο µεν.
2.
τὰ χρή µατα αἴτιά εἰσι ἀνθρώποις κακῶν.
3.
πᾶσι τοῖς ἀγαθοῖς ἀνθρώποις νικᾷ ὁ Ἀριστοφάνης.
4.
ἐ µοὶ ταῦτ ’ οὐκ ἀληθῆ ἐστιν.
5.
τῷ ἀδελφῷ µέγα βιβλία ἦν.
6.
ταῦτ ’ ἐ µοὶ σοφῶς πέπρακται.
7.
οἱ κακοὶ ῥήτορες λίθοις ἐβλήθησαν ὑπὸ τῶν πολιτῶν.
8.
σιγῇ ἀπῆλθον οἱ πολέ µιοι.
9.
τῷ νῷ σοφὸς ἦν ὁ ποιητὴς.
10.
πολλῷ εὐδαι µονέστερός ἐστι τοῦ ἀδελφοῦ.
11.
ταύτῃ τῇ νόσῳ ἀπέθανον πολλοί.
12.
ἐξελαύνει πᾶσι τοῖς στρατιώταις.
13.
Μαραθῶνι τοὺς βαρβάρους ἐνίκησαν οἱ Ἀθηναῖοι.
14.
τῇ τετάρτῃ ἡ µέρᾳ ἀπέθανε ὁ Εὐριπίδης.
15.
τοῖς στρατηγοῖς ἑπώ µεθα.
16.
µενον παρὰ τῷ τείχει. ἔ
63
Review of the Accusative Case Identify the uses of the accusative case demonstrated in the sentences below. 1. τοὺς στρατιώτας ἐτάξα µεν παρὰ τῇ πόλει. 2. οἱ πολίται τοὺς ἀρίστους πολίτας στρατηγοὺς ποιοῦσιν. 3. νο µίζω τοὺς Ἀθηναίους οὐ νικήσειν. 4. ἐλπίζω τοὺς Ἀθηναίους οὐ νικῶντας. 5. οἱ Ἀθηναίοι ἐνό µιζον τὸν Σωκράτη κακὸν πολίτην εἶναι. 6. διαφέρουσιν οἱ ἀγαθοὶ τῶν κακῶν τὴν ἀρετήν. 7. ταῦτα ποίησον τὴν ταχίστην. 8. οὐδὲν ἀ µείνων εἰ µὶ τοῦ ἀδελφοῦ. 9. ἀγαθὰ οὐκ ἀεὶ πέ µπουσιν οἱ θεοὶ παρὰ τοὺς ἀνθρώπους. 10. ἡ πόλις ἓν στάδιον ἀπέχει τῆς θαλάττης. 11. δέκα ἡ µέρας ἔ µειναν ἐν τῷ πεδίῳ. 12. νὴ τὸν ∆ία, οἱ ἀγαθοὶ νικήσουσιν. 13. οὔ φη µι ἡ µᾶς ἀδικητέον εἶναι. 14. ἐξὸν ἐς τὴν ἄγραν ἰέναι, ὁ Ἄτυς εὐθὺς ὁρ µᾶται. 15. διὰ τὴν ἀ µαθίαν, ὦ ἄδελφε, οὐκ τὴν τι µὴν δέχει. 16. µεγάλην ἁ µαρτίαν ἁ µαρτάνεις, ὦ βασιλεῦ.
64
Homework Assignments for Chapter 30 for Monday:
study for test 6 on principal parts of the 75 most common irregular verbs
for Tuesday:
review all uses of the subjunctive and the optative & do the worksheet read and translate 30α
for Wednesday:
read and translate 30 β numbers
for Thursday: (Monday schedule)
read and translate 30γ and 30δ
65
Review of Subjunctive & Optative Mood Identify the uses of the subjunctive or optative moods demonstrated in the sentences below. 1. µὴ ἔλθω µεν εἰς τὴν πόλιν. 2. τί ἀγγείλω τοῖς πολίταις; 3. µὴ ἔλθητε εἰς τὴν πόλιν. 4. ἐὰν κακὰ ποιῇς, δίκην δίδως. 5. ὃς ἄν ποιήσῃ δίκην δίδως. 6. ἐὰν ἔλθῃ, µὴ δῶ µεν αὐτῷ µηδέν. 7. ἐπειδὰν εἰς τὴν πόλιν ἔλθῃς, τὸν ἀδελφὸν ὄψει. 8. ὅταν τοὺς νεανίας διδάσκῃς, µανθάνουσι πολλά. 9. εἰς τὴν πόλιν εἶ ἵνα τοὺς νεανίας διδάξῃς. 10. φοβεῖται µὴ ταῦτα ποιήσῃς. 11. ἐφοβεῖτο µὴ οὐ ταῦτα ποιήσῃς. 12. ἐφοβεῖτο µὴ ταῦτα ποιήσειας. 13. σώσειεν ὁ θεὸς τὴν πόλιν. 14. εἴθε φυλάττοιντο ἀεὶ οἱ στρατιῶται τοὺς πολε µίους. 15. σώσειεν ἂν ὁ θεὸς τὴν πόλιν. 16. εἰ Σωκράτης διδάσκοι τοὺς νεανίας, σοφοὶ ἐγίγνοντο. 17. εἰ Σωκράτης διδάξειε τοὺς νεανίας, γίγνοιντ ’ ἂν σοφοί. 18. ἐπειδὴ εἰς τὴν πόλιν ἔλθοις, τὸν ἀδελφὸν ἑώρας. 19. εἰς τὴν πόλιν ἦλθες ἵνα τοὺς νεανίας διδάξειας. 20. εἶπεν ὅτι Σωκράτης τοὺς νεανίας διδάξειεν.
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THE GREEK NUMBER SYSTEM I.
Cardinal Numbers and Numerical Notations:
1 2
εἷς, µία, ἕν δύο
α´ β ´
21
εἷς καὶ εἴκοσι εἴκοσι καὶ εἷς εἴκοσι εἷς
κα ´
3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
τεῖς, τρία τέταρρες, τέτταρα πέντε ἕξ ἑπτά ὀκτώ ἐννέα δέκα ἕνδεκα δώδεκα τρεῖς καὶ δέκα τρεισκαίδεκα
γ ´ δ ´ ε´ ϝ ´ ζ ´ η´ θ ´ ι´ ια ´ ιβ ´ ιγ ´
30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 200 300 400
τριάκοντα * τετταράκοντα * πεντήκοντα * ἑξήκοντα * ἑβδο µήκοντα * ὀγδοήκοντα * ἐνενήκοντα * ἑκατόν διακόσιοι, -αι, -α ** τριακόσιοι, -αι, -α ** τετρακόσιοι, -αι, -α **
λ ´ µ´ ν´ ξ ´ ο´ π´ ϙ´ ρ´ ς´ τ ´ υ´
14 15 16 17 18 19
τέτταρες καὶ δέκα πεντεκαίδεκα ἑκκαίδεκα ἑπτακαίδεκα ὀκτωκαίδεκα ἐννεακαίδεκα
ιδ ´ ιε ´ ιϝ ´ ιζ ´ ιη ´ ιθ ´
500 600 700 800 900 1000
πεντακόσιοι, -αι, -α ** ἑξακόσιοι, -αι, -α ** ἑπτακόσιοι, -αι, -α ** ὀκτακόσιοι, -αι, -α ** ἐνακόσιοι, -αι, -α ** χίλιοι, -αι, -α **
φ´ χ ´ ψ´ ω´ ϡ´
α ´
20
εἴκοσι (ν)
κ´
ι
10,000 µύριοι, -αι, -α ** ´
* The tens from 30 on end in – κοντα and are indeclinable. ** The hundreds from 200 on end in -κόσιοι and are declined like the plural of πολέ µιος. ϙ = koppa
ϝ = digamma
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ϡ = sampi
II.
N G D A
The numbers one, two and three decline as follows:
M εἷς ἑνός ἑνί ἕνα
One F µία µιᾷς µιᾷ µίαν
N ἕν ἑνός ἑνί ἕν
Two M,F,N δύο δυοῖν δυοῖν δύο
Three M,F N τρεῖς Τρία τριῶν τριῶν τρισί τρισί τρεῖς Τρία
III. Greek Ordinal Numbers and Numerical Adverbs: 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th 8th 9th 10th 11th 12th 13th 14th 15th 16th 17th 18th 19th 20th 21st 30th 40th 50th 60th 70th 80th 90th 100th 200th 300th
πρῶτος, -η, -ον δεύτερος, -η, -ον τρίτος, -η, -ον τέταρτος, -η, -ον πέ µπτος, -η, -ον ἕκτος, -η, -ον ἕβδο µος, -η, -ον ὄγδοος, -η, -ον ἔνατος, -η, -ον δέκατος, -η, -ον ἑνδέκατος, -η, -ον δωδέκατος, -η, ον τρίτος καὶ δέκατος τέταρτος καὶ δέκατος πέ µπτος καὶ δέκατος ἕκτος καὶ δέκατος ἕβδο µος καὶ δέκατος ὄγδοος καὶ δέκατος ἔνατος καὶ δέκατος εἰκοστός, -ή, -όν πρῶτος καὶ εἰκοστός τριακοστός, -ή, -όν τερραρακοστός, -ή, -όν πεντηκοστός, -ή, -όν ἑξηκοστός, -ή, -όν ἑβδο µηκοστός, -ή, -όν ὀγδοηκοστός, -ή, -όν ἐνενηκοστός, -ή, -όν ἑκατοστός, -ή, -όν διακοσιοστός, -ή, -όν τριακοσιοστός, -ή, -όν
ἅπαξ (once) δίς (twice) etc. τρίς τετράκις πεντάκις ἑξάκις ἑπτάκις ὀκτάκις ἐνάκις ∆εκάκις ἑνδεκάκις δωδεκάκις τρισκαιδεκάκις τετρακαιδεκάκις πεντεκαιδεκάκις ἑκκαιδεκάκις ἑπτακαιδεκάκις ὀκτωκαιδεκάκις ἐννεακαιδεκάκις εἰκοάκις ἅπαξ καὶ εἰκοσάκις τριακοντάκις τετταρακοντάκις πεντηκοντάκις ἑξηκοντάκις ἑβδο µηκοντάκις ὀγδοηκοντάκις ἐνενηκοντάκις ἑκατοντάκις διακοσιάκις τριακοσιάκις
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Four M,F N τέτταρες τέτταρα τεττάρων τεττάρων τέτταρσι τέτταρσι τέτταρας τέτταρα
400th 500th 600th 700th 800th 900th 1000th 2000th 3000th 10,000th 11,000th 20,000th 100,000th
τετρακοσιοστός, -ή, -όν πεντακοσιοστός, -ή, -όν ἑξακοσιοστός, -ή, -όν ἑπτακοσιοστός, -ή, -όν ὀκτακοσιοστός, -ή, -όν ἐνακοσιοστός, -ή, -όν χιλιοστός, -ή, -όν δισχιλιοστός, -ή, -όν τρισχιλιοστός, -ή, -όν µυριοστός, -ή, -όν µυριοστός καὶ χιλιοστός δισ µυριοστός, -ή, -όν δεκακισ µυριοστός, -ή, -όν
τετρακοσιάκις πεντακοσιάκις ἑξακοσιάκις ἑπτακοσιάκις ὀκτακοσιάκις ἐνακοσιάκις χιλιάκις δισχιλιάκις τριχιλιάκις µυριάκις µυριάκις καὶ χιλιάκις δισ µυριάκις δεκακισ µυριάκις
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FINAL EXAM: A Practice Exam Ι.
FORM PRODUCTION:
λύω, λύσω, ἔλυσα, λέλυκα, λέλυ µαι, ἐλύθην (¼ pt. off for misplaced accents) A. Conjugate the verb given above in the Perfect Middle/Passive Optative. Singular
Plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person B. Conjugate the verb given above in the Aorist Active Subjunctive Singular
Plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person C. Conjugate the verb given above in the Perfect Active Indicative Singular
Plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person D. Conjugate the verb given above in the Perfect Middle Indicative Singular
Plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person
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ΙI.
FORM IDENTIFICATION:
1. ποιέω, ποιήσω, ἐποίησα, πεποίηκα, πεποίη µαι, ἐποιήθην 2. ποιητής, -ου ὁ
3. ποίησις, -εως ἡ 4. ποιητέος, -α, -ον
Given the dictionary entries listed above, identify fully the forms below.
Form
Part of Speech
Verbs Person
#
Tense
ἐποίησαν ποιηςό µεθα ποιητῇ ποιήσεις
ποιητέων
ποιητέας
ποιητῶν ποιοῖσθε ποιήσει
ποίησις ποιήθητι ποιοῦσι
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Nouns/Adjectives Voice
Mood
Case
#
Gender
. SYNTACTICAL CONSTRUCTIONS AND FORMS:
A. In the sentences below, identify the uses of the underlined subjunctives or optatives. You do not need to write out a translation of any of these sentences. Sentence
Use of Subjunctive / Optative
1. πάντα ποιῶ µεν ἃ ἐκελεύσατε.
2. εἴθε φυλάττοιντο ἀεὶ οἱ στρατιῶται τοὺς πολε µίους. In the sentences below, identify the underlined grammatical constructions.
Sentence
Name of Grammatical Construction
3. ὁ Κροῖσος ἐς τὸ ἀπορεῖν ἀφῖκτο. 4. οἱ τῇ µάχῃ τεθνηκότες ὑπὸ τοῦ δή µου τετί µηνται. 5. παρεσκευάζοντο ὡς πολε µήσοντες. 6. οὕτως βραδέως ἐπορεύοντο ὥστε οὐκ ἔφυγον τοὺς διώκοντας.
7. οἱ δοῦλοι ἐφοβοῦντο µὴ ὁ δεσπότης σφίσιν ὀργίζηται. In the sentences below, identify the kind of condition.
Sentence
Name of Condition
8. ἐὰν στρατεύηται Κροῖσος ἐπὶ Πέρσας, µεγάλην ἀρχην καταλύσει. 9. εἰ ὁ ἄνθρωπος τοῦτο ἔλεγεν, ἐψεύδετο ἄν.
10. εἰ οὗτος ὁ κύων λύκον ἴδοι, ἀπέφευγεν. 11. εἰ Σωκράτης διδάξειε τοὺς νεανίας, γίγνοιντ ’ ἂν σοφοί. 12. εἰ ὁ πατὴρ ἔζη, συνελά µ βανεν ἂν τοῖς παιςίν.
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