43 Bengtson 1983 - Fossils and Strata (Low Res.)

The Cenomanian-Coniacian of the Sergipe Basin, Brazil

Peter Bengtson

FOSSILS AND STRATA Number 12 • Oslo, 25th February 1983

Universitetsforlaget • Oslo

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An International Journal of Palaeontology and Stratigraphy

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The Cenomanian-Coniacian of the Sergipe Basin, Brazil PETER BENGTSON

Bengtson, P. 1983 02 25: The Cenomanian-Coniacian of the Sergipe Basin, Brazil. Fossils and Strata, No. 12, pp. 1-78, onc fold-out map. Oslo. ISSN 0300-9491. ISBN 82-00-09484-7.

IU S UNES O Project M ID-C RETAC EOUS EVENTS

A geological outline and a biostratigraphical framework are prcsented for the Ccnomanian­ Coniacian of Sergipe, as the basis for taxonomic work and development of a detailed biostratigraphy. A rich macrofauna of ammonites, bivalves, gastropods and echinoids was collected from 604 localities, which are named and described. The sequence is subdivided into eight units, using ammonite assemblages easily recognizablc in the licld, and plotted on a 1:100 000 locality map. Where ammonites are laeking, microfacies analysis, inoceramids or other bivalves complement the framework . The Cenomanian-Coniacian sedimentation in the Sergipe Basin, albeit inlluenced by eustatic sea-leve! changes, was largcly tectonically control­ led and irregular, as is evident from numerous facies variations and discontinuities. The Estancia area in southern Sergipe was more stable and apparently became transgressed only by the global, late Cenomanian eustatic rise. The boundary between the Cenomanian­ Coniacian Cotinguiba Formation and the underlying Riachuelo Formation occurs at varying stratigraphical leve1s and appears cverywhere to be unconformable . An annotated bibliogra­ phy is provided. O A mmonoidea, Inoceramidae, Bivalvia, Gastropoda, Echinoidea, A rthropoda, Foramini­

fera; b iostratigraphy, lithostratigraphy, areal geology, microfacies, geological map, locality descriptions, bibliography, Gotinguiba Formation, A racaju Member, Sapucari Member, Laranjeiras facies, Pindoba facies, Riachuelo Formation, Maruim Member, Aguilhada Member, new name, limestone, dolomite, discontinuities, Genomanian, Turonian, Goniacian, Upper Gretaceous, Sergipe Basin, State of Sergipe, Nordeste, northeastern Bra�il, South A tlantic Ocean, S1122 S1035 W3654 W3727. Peter Bengtson, Paleontologiska museet, Box 558, S-751 22 Uppsala, Swedel1; 2nd June 1982.

Contents I ntroduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Acknowledgements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Geological synthesis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Historical review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The period of the foreign travelIers ( 1 820- 1 8 7 5 ) T h e initiation a n d consolidation o f national research ( 1 8 7 5- 1 940) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The basic prospecting for oil ( 1 940- 1 956) Modem detailed and diversified research (post1 956) Fossils reported in the literature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Field-work and methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Topographical and geological maps . . . . . . . . . . . Exposures and accessibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Locality descriptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lithostratigraphy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The Riachuelo Formation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The Cotinguiba Formation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3 3 4 8 8 9 12 12 15 25 25 26 27 30 31 31 31

Pindoba and Laranjeiras facies . . . . . . . . . . . . . The Riachuelo-Cotinguiba boundary . . . . . . . . Discontinuities in the Turonian and Coniacian Biostratigraphy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Palaeontological notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Stage boundaries and subdivisions . . . . . . . . . . . . Cenomanian . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cenomanian 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C enomanian 2 C enomanian 3 C enomanian 4 Turonian . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Turonian l ............................. . Turonian 2 Turonian 3 Coniacian . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Coniacian l ............................. . Practical application of the subdivision . . . . . . . . The Estancia area

33 38 41 42 42 43 44 44 44 44 44 44 44 44 45 45 45 47 47

Discussion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S ubdivision of the sequence The biostratigraphical map Conclusions . . . . . . . . . . . . . Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Resumo Resurne

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Bibliography and referenees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Appendix l : Loeality data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Deseriptions of localities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I ndex of localities in the literature . . . . . . . . . . . Appendix 2 : Biostratigraphieal loeality index Appendix 3: Biostratigraphieal map . . . faeing page .

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54 55 63 63 72 74 78

Introduction In 1 969- 1 970, Richard A. Reyment ( Paleontologiska institu­ tionen, Uppsala universitet) and Eric A. Tait ( University of Aberdeen) carried out three months of field studies in north­ eastern Brazil as part of a research proj ect aimed at investi­ gating the development of the South Atlantic Ocean during the Cretaceous . The results were published in 1 9 7 1 and 1 9 7 2 ( e . g . , Reyment & Tait 1 9 7 2a) . As an extension of this pro­ j ect and with the main obj ect of refining the biostratigraphy of the marine middle C retaceous of the South Atlantic, I spent ten months (October 1 9 7 1 -May 1 97 2 and January­ February 1 9 7 7 ) in the Sergipe Basin in northeastern Brazil studying in detail the exposed C enomanian-Coniacian se­ quence . The material collected in Sergipe comprises nearly 1 3 000 macrofossils and lithological samples from 604 localities . There are approximately 6 000 ammonites (from 330 Iocal­ ities ) , 3 500 bivalves, 1 500 gastropods, 500 echinoids and 500 other fossils which include fish remains, crustaceans, nautiloids and a single brachiopod. I present here a stratigraphical framework with gross subdivision of the C enomanian-Coniacian sequence of Ser­ gipe. The subdivision is based on easily recognizable associ­ ations of ammonites , the key fossils of the original Creta­ ceous biostratigraphy. The material is intended as the basis for subsequent taxonomic and biostratigraphical work. Syn­ opses from the study were given by Reyment et al. ( 1 9 76) and Bengtson ( 1 979, 1 980a, 1 980b) . This paper, in addition to the stratigraphical data, contains a review of previous work on the Cenomanian-Coniacian of Sergipe, including an annotated bibliography . Appendices contain descriptions of localities and a biostratigraphical locality index and map. Detailed study of the marine C retaceous of Sergipe is of great significance for the work being carried out internation­ ally, under the auspices of the IUGS Subcommission on C retaceous Stratigraphy, aimed at producing well-defined chronostratigraphical zonation. The Sergipe sequences are of particular importance for defining the C enomanian-Tur­ onian boundary; the succession across this interval appears suitable for establishing detailed biozonation. It is also apparent that there is increasing demand for detailed bios tratigraphical data from the western South At­ lantic. These data are critical for testing hypotheses on the development of the South Atlantic, based on geophysics, deep-sea drilling and scattered palaeontological evidence from the marginal basins . Systematic description of ammonites collected in Sergipe is in progress , and it is intended to publish this in "stratigra-

phical order " . A stratigraphical and environmental study based on microfacies analyses (with Pierre-Yves Berthou , Universite Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris) is near completion. The inoceramid fauna is being described by Erle G . Kauff­ man ( University of Colorado, Boulder) and the middle C enomanian-Iower Coniacian non-inoceramid bivalves and gastropods by Jean Philippe Lefranc ( U niversite des Sci­ ences et Techniques du Languedoc, Montpellier) . The stud­ ies of other groups are at various stages, and results will appear in due course. A cknowledgements. - Richard A . Reyment ( Paleontologiska institu­

tionen, Uppsala universitet) gave the impetus for this project in 1969 and has since then supported my work in every way possible. My wife, Suzana Bengtson, participated in the main field-work of 197 1-1972 . Petroleo Brasileiro S. A. ( Petrobras) generously allowed access to internal reports, maps and fossil collections. During the complementary field-work in 197 7 , Petrobras placed a vehicie and a field assistant at my disposal, and their geologist Francisco Celso Ponte gave his time for two weeks. Diogenes de Almeida Campos ( Departamento Nacional da Produ�ao Mineral, Rio de Janeiro) and Maria Helena Ribeiro Hessel ( Universidade de Brasilia) partici­ pated in most of the field-work in 197 7. Many geologists at Petro­ bras in Rio de Janeiro and Aracaju have given valuable advice on the work; special mention goes to Gerhard Beurlen, Renato Senna de Carvalho, Luiz Carlos da Silva Freitas, Zen6bio Vieira Matos, Francisco Celso Ponte, Hannfried Schaller, Ivan A. Sim6es, and Ålvaro A. Teixeira. Permisson was granted by Petrobras to publish selected data from the unpublished topographical maps and internal reports. During the 197 1-197 2 field season I received generous help on practical matters from Walter Baptista, Augusto Barreto, and Elder T. Ferreira ( Aracaju) . E. T. Ferreira also eontributed a collection of fossils from I taporanga. The following helped in locating specimens for study and photog­ raphy in Brazilian scientific institutions: Dea Regina Bouret Cam­ pos, Di6genes de Almeida Campos and Friedrich Sommer (Depar­ tamento Nacional da Produ�ao Mineral, Rio de Janeiro) , Calidido Sim6es Ferreira ( Museu Nacional, Rio de Janeiro) , Ignacio Ma­ chado Brito ( Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro) , and Geraldo da Costa Barros Muniz and Ivan de Medeiros Tinoco ( Universi­ dade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife) . D. A. Campos and I. M. Brito contributed useful information and advice, and provided lit­ erature dillicult to obtain; D. A. Campos was also helpful in track­ ing down actual dates of publication and straightening out the orthography of geographical names. Dirce Campos de Morais ( Bib­ lioteca Central, Petrobras-SERARJ, Rio de Janeiro) devoted much time to my literature requests. The following gave useful suggestions concerning the ammonites collected: Gordon R. Chancellor ( University Museum, Oxford, England) , the late Maurice Collignon ( Moirans, France) , Michael R. Cooper ( National Museum, Bulawayo, Zimbabwe) , John Mi­ chael Hancock ( K ing' s College, London, England) , William James Kennedy ( University Museum, Oxford, England) , Tatsuro Matsu­ moto ( Kyushu University, Fukuok a, Japan) . Ikuwo Obata ( Nation­ al Science Museum, Tokyo, Japan) , Richard A. Reyment ( Uppsala

4

Peter Bengtson: Cenomanian- Coniacian of Sergipe

universitet, Sweden) , Jost Wiedmann (Universitat Tiibingen, Fed­ eral Republic of Germany) , C. William Wright (Seaborough, Dor­ set, England) , and Keith Young (University of Texas at Austin, USA) . Pierre-Yves Berthou (Universite Pierre et Marie Curie, Par­ is, France) contributed substantially to the biostratigraphical map through microfacies analyses of the localities. Erle G. Kauffman (University of Colorado, Boulder, USA) contributed data on the inoceramids and Jean Philippe Lefranc (Universite des Sciences et Techniques du Languedoc, Montpellier, France) provided informa­ tion on the Cenomanian and Turonian bivalve and gastropod fau­ nas. Notes of stratigraphical importance about the echinoids were given by Alain Bidar (Museum d' Histoire Naturell e, Nice, Francc) . Among the many Swedish colleagues who have given their time to discuss matters of relevanee to this work, special mention goes to Stefan Bengtson and Anders Martinsson (Enheten feir paleobiologi, Uppsala universitet) . At Paleontologiska institutionen (Uppsala) , cleaning and devel­ oping of the fossil material was done mainly by Suzana Bengtson, and from 1981 also by Josef Aranki. Dagmar Engstrom drafted the figures and Gustav Andersson and Tommy Westberg provided photographic prints. Continuous help from the rest of the staff of Paleontologiska institutionen is acknowledged, notably from the late Eva Eklind, Birgit Jansson, Karin Landgren, the late Barry Liden, Jiirgen Schobel and Eric Ståhl. Maria Helena Ribeiro Hessel (Brasilia) drew the ammonites in Fig. 40 and Birgit Bengtson (Rockneby, Sweden) provided extraor­ dinary secretarial assistance on many occasions. Drafts of the manuscript were read by Dieigenes de Almeida Campos, Gordon R. Chancellor, Lesley Cherns (Sveriges geologiska undersokning, Uppsala) , William James Kennedy, Francisco Celso Ponte, and Richard A. Reyment. G. R. Chancellor and Lesley Cherns improved the English. The French and Russian summaries were provided by Diana Berthou (Paris, France) and Igor N. Krylov (Geologicheskij institut AN SSSR, Moscow) . The lield-work in 1971-1972 was planned and prepared for dur­ ing a Rotary International Graduate Fellowship (1970) at the Insti­ tuto de Geociencias, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil. The lield investigations were linanced through grants from the Swedish N aturai Science Research Council (NFR; G2320-035 , G2320-069, and R3475-004) , travel grants from Seder­ holms utrikes resestipendiefond (1970) , C. F. Liljewalchs resestipendiefond (1972 and 1976) , and Håkanssons resestipendiefond (1976) , together with funds for graduate research (l 971) from the University of Uppsala. The cost of shipping to Uppsala the material collected in 1972 was defrayed by the reservfonden of the University of Uppsala, and in 1977 by N FR (G3475-007) . The employment of a part-time technician for developing the fossil material was made possible in 1973 and 1974 through grants from Th. Nordstroms testamentsfond and Hierta-Retzius forskningsfond of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sci­ ences, Lennanders fond of the University of Uppsala, and NFR (G2 320-05 1 and G2 320-056) . Since July 1975, the employment of the technician and my own research position have been funded entirely by N FR (G2 320-064, -069, - 074, and - 100; G3475-101, - 102 , and - 103) . Since 1971, material and travel expenses in connection with the project have been covered through the above mentioned grants and also specilically by Byråchefen Stenholms stipendiestiftelse (1973) of the University of Uppsala, Magn. Bergvalls stiftelse (1975 ) , and NFR (G3475- 100) . A major part of the material presented here was included in my Ph. D. thesis, defended in June 1977 at the University of Uppsala.

Geological synthesis The Sergipe Basin is the southern half of the Sergipe­ Alagoas Basin in northeastern Brazil ( the Nordeste Region, Fig. I). The onshore part of this basin, which lies entirely within the two small s tates of Sergipe ( south of the Sao Francisco River) and Alagoas ( north of the river) , occupies a coastal belt some 380 km long and 20 to 50 km wide. It is one of severai late Mesozoic tensional rift basins (sensu Wilson &

FOSSILS AND STRATA 12 (1983 )

Williams 1 979) o f so-called Atlantic type situated along the western margin of the South Atlantic Ocean ( Fig. I). These basins were initially form ed as rift valleys by the rupture of the former African -South American continent. Ponte & Asmus ( 1 978) and Asmus ( 1 98 1 ) give the most recent, comprehensive accounts of the geological evolution of the Brazilian marginal basins. A detailed review with emphasis on surface geology and palaeontology was given by Brito ( 1 979) . Only the most important features relevant to the Cenomanian-Coniacian development of Sergipe will be out­ lined here, including some new observations. The C retaceous marginal basins of Brazil fall structurally and stratigraphically into two groups : (I) the Central Atlan­ tic basins, from the Amapa to Potiguar basins, and ( 2 ) the South Atlantic basins , from the Sergipe-Alagoas to Pelotas basins ( Fig. I ) . The former group corresponds largely to the shear zone where the African and South American plates slid along "equatorial" transform faults during the early C retaceous . These basins display both tensional and compressional tectonic structures and contain great thick­ nesses of sediments, locally more than 1 0 000 m ( Ponte & Asmus 1 978) . The stratigraphical sequence is bi parti te, con­ sisting of a lower non-marine part of early C retaceous age and an upper marine part of post-Aptian age. The South Atlantic marginal basins are characterized by exclusively tensional faulting and by somewhat lesser sediment thick­ nes ses ( maximum thickness of 8 000 m , according to Ponte & Asmus 1 9 78) . The stratigraphical sequence is tripartite, the lower non-marine and the upper marine beds being separat­ ed by Aptian evaporites . Between these two regions lies the Pernambuco-Paraiba Basin ( Fig. I), which lacks most of the non-marine sequence and the Aptian evaporites . The true marine sequence on­ shore is dated as starting in the Santonian, with Albian de­ posits present in the deeper parts of the basin (Asmus & C arvalho 1 9 78: 1 7 , Fig. 3 ) . This suggests that the Per­ nambuco- Paraiba Basin was in the area where connexion between South Ameriea and Africa persisted longes t (aside from the Rio Grande Rise-Walvis Ridge connexions; see, for example, Reyment 1 980), and where the Atlantic remained as a narrow strait long into the late C retaceous . Meister & Aurich ( 1 97 2 ) summarized the geological evo­ lution of the Sergipe Basin, which is the part of the Sergipe­ Alagoas Basin where the C enomanian-Coniacian is most fully developed ( Fig. 2 ) . Comprehensive accounts of the entire Sergipe-Alagoas Basin were published by Asmus & Ponte ( 1 97 3 ) and Oj eda & Fugita ( 1 9 76) . Structurally the Sergipe-Alagoas Basin, including the adj acent continental margin, forms a half-graben , the counterpart of which is presurnably in Gabon (e.g. , Wilson & Williams 1 9 79, Fig. I). The main depositional basin is bounded to the southwest by the I taporanga Fault ( Fig. 2 ) . South of this fault there is the " Estancia platform " , which displays a thin cover of marine C retaceous sediments on Proterozoi c ( ? ) basement. The re­ gional dip averages 1 0 - 1 50 to the southeast, so that progres­ sively younger rocks crop out towards the coast. The iloor of the basin is intensely block-faulted ( Oj eda & Fugita 1 9 76, Fig. 6) . I n Sergipe, normal depth to basement ranges be­ tween I and 3 km onshore, while offshore basin depths locally reach over lO km ( Ponte el al. 1 980:880) . The stratigraphical sequence (Fig. 3 ) is one of the most

FOSSILS AND STRATA 12 ( 1 983)

Geological synthesis

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AMAPA

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BARREIRINHAS

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PIAUI-CEARA POTIGUAR

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PERNAMBUCO­ ,:PARAfBA

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JEQUITINHONHA CUMURUXATIBA MUCURI

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Fig. l. Map of eastern Brazil, with shaded areas indicating marginal basins (named). Abbreviations of state names: AL Alagoas, AP Amapa, BA Bahia, CE Ceani, DF Distrito Federal, ES Esp/rito Santo, GO Goias, MA Maranhåo, MG Minas Gerais, MS Mato Grosso do Sul, MT Mato Grosso, PA Para, PB Para/ba, PE Pernam­ buco, PI Piau/, PR Parana, RJ Rio de Janeiro, RN Rio Grande do Norte, RS Rio Grande do Sul, SC Santa Catarina, SE Sergipe. (Adapted from numerous sources.) =

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complete among the South Atlantic basins . In latest Jurassic and early C retaceous times, non-marine sediments ( the Baixo Såo Francisco Group) were deposited in a subsiding rift-valley basin . After the general structural development of the basin, the first marine incursion to ok place in the Aptian and is represented by thick evaporitic sequences, which, together with dominantly non-marine and lagoonal clastic deposits, make up the Muribeca Formation. As the early oceanic rift widened, influx of terrigenous material decreased in relation to carbonate production. The Aptian ( ? ) -Ceno­ manian Riachuelo Formation is composed of clastic sedi­ ments, limes tones and dolomites; the overlying Ceno-

manian-Santonian Cotinguiba Formation essentially com­ prises pure carbonates . Marine sedimentation during the middle C retaceous was almost entirely confined to the southern part of the basin ( Oj eda & Fugita 1 9 76, Figs . 1 5- 1 8) . Thus, the Aptian eva­ porites occur mainly in Sergipe, and Albian deposits ( Ria­ chuelo Formation) are widely distributed in the Sergipe Basin . An Aptian, or Albian, transgression may have. breached the margins of the basin and left traces in the interior of the Brazilian craton, e . g . , in the Araripe "B�,i'1" ( K . Beurlen 1 97 1 b: 1 0 ) . Near the Bahia-Sergipe state bound­ ary, in the vicinity of Paripiranga ( BA) and Simåo Dias ( S E) ,

6

FOSSILS AND STRATA 12 (1983)

Peter Bengtson: Cenomanian- Coniacian of Sergipe

3 7°

9°

36°

SERGIPE -ALAGOAS BASIN

10 °

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Post - Santonian (Pia9abu9u Formation) Cenomanian-Coniacian (Cotinguiba Formation) Aptian?-Cenomanian

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Pre-Aptian Fault o ,

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Fig. 2. Geology of onshore portion of the Sergipe-Alagoas Basin, including the Estancia area; continental Cenozoic cover removed. I.F. Itaporanga Fault, E Estancia, 1= Itaporanga, j = japara­ tuba. The arrow indicatcs the main outcrop area of the Cenoman-

ian-Coniacian, ,hown in Fig. 8 and in detail in Appendix 3. (Adapt­ ed from numerous sourees, mainly Asmus & Ponte 1973, Fig. 6; data on Cenomanian in Alagoas from Bengtson in Asmus & Carva­ Iho 1978: 20. )

erosional remnants of marine sediments ( Richter 1 96 7 : 1 7 3 , 1 75) may belong either t o this transgressive episode o r t o the Cotinguiba ["Sapucari-Laranj eiras "] depositional cyde. The base of the Riachuelo Formation is dominantly terri­ genous (Angico Member) , with the carbonate proportion increasing upward (Taquari Member) and with oolites and/ or oncolites forming in areas of shallower water ( Maruim

Member) . T h e s e a retreated at the end o f the Albian or early C enomanian, leaving some areas exposed or semi­ exposed. Part of the Maruim Member was then dolomi tized as a res ult of supratidal exposure (Aguilhada Member) , and some sediments were reworked . T h e C enomanian was a period o f low depositional rate coupled with tectonic readj ustments in the block-faulted

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Geological synthesis

FOSSILS AND STRATA 12 (1983)

MEMBERS

FORMATIONS SUBGROUPS

7

GROUPS

Quaternary Pliocene

Barreiras

Miocene Oligocene Eocene

Piaqabuqu Formation

Aracaju

Albian

Aguilhada Maruim Taquari

Cotinguiba Formation

Riachuelo Formation

Alagoan

Muribeca Formation

Bahian

Coruripe Subgroup

Jurassic

Proterozoic?

Sergipe

Igreja Nova Subgroup

Baixo Sao Francisco

Estancia

Fig. 3. Stratigraphy of the sedimentary sequenees of the Sergipe­ Alagaas Basin, onshore part. (Based mainly upan Sehaller 1970,

Asmus & Ponte 1973, Ojeda & Fugita 1976, and Asmus 1981; loeal Lower Cretaeeous stage names from Brita & Campos 1981. )

floor of the basin. As a result there was patchy deposition of comparatively thin, calcareous sediments, which in some places contain reworked material and detrital quartz . Local­ ly the sediments are dolomitized . Towards the end of the C enomanian there was a wide­ spread transgression which also covered the tectonically more stable Estancia area in the south . Oj eda & Fugita ( 1 976, Fig. 1 7) suggest there are Albian sediments ( Ria­ chuelo Formation) as well in this area, but there is no palaeontological support for this assumption . The Turonian in most areas was marked by accelerated subsidence, giving thick sequences of limes tone (Sapucari Member) in areas of low terrigenous influx, and calcareous mudstones (Aracaj u Member) in areas with proportionally lower carbonate production. Continuing reciprocal move­ ments of the block-faulted basin floor contributed to con­ spicuous facies changes across short distances, and there are also numerous discontinuities and intraformational breccia beds in the sequence. Towards the southeast, i . e . towards

t h e centre o f t h e basin, t h e Cotinguiba Formation grad e s into t h e terrigenous clastic Piac;:abuc;:u Formation (Asmus 1 98 1 , Fig. 5 ) . On the continental shelf, Cotinguiba sedi­ ments (Aracaj u Member) have been found on ly in a restrict­ ed area in north-eastern Sergipe ( Oj eda & Fugita 1 9 76, Fig. 1 8 ) . Onshore near the coast, the formation is locally very thin or absent, e.g., in boreholes I -WSC - I - SE and I -AB- I A­ SE ( Richter & Sim6es 1 975, sheet S C . 24-Z-D-I-2 Sao Cris­ t6vao; cf. Bandeira 1 97 8, Fig. 1 7) . The limited sequences, combined with scarcity or absence of typical Turonian fos­ sils in boreholes on the continental shelf, led earlier work.ers to postulate a break in sequence in this part of the basin (see, for example, Aurich et al. 1 9 72, Fig. 2; Quadros & Gomide 1 97 3 : 34 1 ) . However, offshore there is an unfossiliferous interval in the basal Piac;:abuc;:u Formation between the Albian-Cenomanian and Santonian Oose Gomide, Rio de Janeiro, personal communication, 1 98 2 ) , which probably corresponds in time to the C otinguiba Formation onshore, i . e . the Cenomanian-Coniacian is developed as Piac;:abuc;:u

8

FOSSILS AND STRATA 12 (1983)

Peter Bengtson : Cenomanian- Coniacian of Sergipe

• NW

Present offshore

Present onshore

SE ..

Coniacian

:Pia9abu9u

Turonian

Cotinguiba Cenomanian

Albian

.?

Riachuelo

?

Fig. 4. Schematic NW-SE stratigraphical section of the middle Cretaceous of the Sergipe Basin, showing presumed relationships between formations.

facies in the deeper parts of the basin (cf. Figueiredo & Morales 1 975:2 1 2 ; Fig. 4 herein) . An alternative or corollary explanation could be the existence of a ridge parallel to the coast during the C enomanian-Coniacian ( Reyment et al. 1 9 76:259-260, Fig. 5D) , formed as a result of slower subsi­ dence than in more marginal areas. Magnetic-anomaly pat­ terns apparently support this hypothesis ( S ummerhayes et al. 1 976) . · In the C oniacian the sea withdrew, leaving the margins of the basin exposed until the Santonian-C ampanian. This regress ion was probably due to seaward tilting of the basin (Oj eda & Fugita 1 976: 1 53 ) , leading to uplift of the present onshore parts . Many secondary structures which disturb the sequences result from these til ting movements in combina­ tion with some halokinesis (Oj eda & Fugita 1 9 76: 1 46- 1 47 ) . The uplifted areas were subjected to erosion , which pro­ duced material for the clastic Piar;: a bur;: u Formation. On the continental shelf, sedimentation was essentially continuous through the late C retaceous. After the close of the carbonate-dominated cyde, the chiefly terrigenous Santonian-C ampanian transgression also covered the Alagoan part of the basin. This, the Piar;:a­ bur;:u depositional cycle, continued until the end of the Mio­ cene or even Pliocene (Asmus 1 98 1 , Fig. 5 ) . The presumed relationships of the middle Cretaceous formations in Sergipe are shown schematically in Fig. 4. The depositional history of the Riachuelo and Cotinguiba formations was illustrated by Bandeira ( 1 978, Fig. 1 9) as a series of figures of depositional events . The extensive literature and in part very detailed current knowledge of the geology of Sergipe reflect the importance of this area for petroleum production. The Sergipe Basin is the third most important petroleum province, after the Reconca­ vo-Tucano (Bahia) and C ampos basins, and has an esti­ mated I I % of the recoverable petroleum reserves of BraziL Approximately 80 % of the Sergipean oil is trapped in the Aptian Muribeca Formation ( Ponte et al. 1 980) .

Historical reVleW The biostratigraphically mos t important, pu blished original research on the C enomanian-Coniacian of Sergipe is sum­ marized here. Emphasis is placed on surface geology and stratigraphically useful macrofaunas . Nomenclatorial updat­ ing and other significant taxonomic or s tratigraphical re­ marks are placed in square brackets . These remarks concern particularly ammonites, from examination of the collections of the Museu Nacional, Rio de Janeiro ( colleetions described or commented upon by White and G . Beurlen) , Departa­ mento Nacional da Produr;: a o Mineral, Rio de Janeiro ( colL Maury, Duarte, Wanderley and Bender) , Universidade F ede­ rai do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro ( colL Magalhaes, Brito and Oliveira & Brito) , Universidade Federal de Per­ nambuco, Recife ( colL K. Beurlen) , and University ofUpp­ sala ( colL Reyment & Tait) . A complete, annotated listing of the fossils reported in the literature from the Cenomanian-Coniacian of Sergipe is given in Tables 1 - 1 0, which are placed at the end of the chapter. An annotated bibliography is given on pp. 55-62 . The history of geological research in the Sergipe Basin can be divided as follows (in part after Leinz 1 955) : ( I ) the period of the foreign travelIers ( 1 820- 1 87 5 ) , ( 2 ) the initi­ ation and consolidation of national research ( 1 8 75- 1 940) , ( 3 ) the basic prospeeting for oil ( 1 940- 1 956) , and (4) mod­ ern detailed and diversified research ( post- 1 956) .

The period of the foreign travellers (1820-1875) James Henderson ( 1 82 1 ) , in his A History of the Bra:;,il, devot­ ed a chapter to the " Province of Seregipe d ' E I Rey " . Under the heading " Mineralogy" he mentioned the occurrence of lime. This is probably the first pu blished reference to the

Historical review

FOSSILS AND STRATA 12 (1983)

C retaceous rocks of the Sergipe Basin, although the age of the beds was unknown at that time . Subsequent foreign travelIers paid little or no attention to the Cretaceous geolo­ gy of this area. The first geological description of Sergipe was not until fifty years later, when the C anadian scientist Charles Fred­ erick Hartt ( 1 870a) published his now classical GeolOg) and Physical Geography of Bra::.il (following an earlier summary account of the subj ect (Hartt 1 868) , including the first men­ tion of ammonites from Brazil) . Hartt travelled along the coast between Rio de Janeiro and Pernambuco in 1 867, s tudying the geology and geography and collecting fossils. A few ammonites and a gastropod from the town of Maruim were described by H yatt ( 1 870) , including the new speeies " Ceratites Harttii" [ Paravascoceras hartti]. U nfortunately, none of the speeimens were figured. [From Hyatt's descrip­ tions it appears that, besides Paravascoceras hartti, the collec­ ti on probably included a Hoplitoides or Coilopoceras ( " Cera­ tites (Ammonites) Pierdenalis Von Buch " ; cf. von Buch 1 849) , some Pu:;,osia ( "Ammonites Hallii Meek and Hayden?"; cf. Meek & Hayden 1 85 7 ) , and some Oxytropidoceras ( "Am­ monites Peruvianus Von Buch, or A mmonites acutocarinatus Shu­ mard" and "Ammonites Gibbonianus Lea " ; cf. de Buch 1 839, Shumard 1 854, and Lea 1 84 1 , respectively) . This is clearly a mixture of Albian and Turonian forms, which is understand­ abie considering that the fossils were collected from the s treet pavement in Maruim (Branner 1 890 :396) or donated to Hartt by residents of the town.] It later appeared that the speeimen of " Ceratites Harttii" came from the locality Bom Jesus, near the town of Laranj eiras (Branner 1 890:397 ) . Hartt also visited the Sapucari quarry on the Sergipe River, where he collected a small ammonite and some inoceramids. The ammonite was unfortunately not described and "may have been lost" ( Maury 1 93 0 : 2 7 5 ) . [ I n the collections of the Museu Nacional in Rio de Janeiro, there is a badly pre­ served Subprionocyclus?, labelled "Sergipe, Maruim, Sapu­ cari " , collected by the "Commissao Geologica" (see below) . This may well be the speeimen in question .] Due to the paucity of diagnostic fossils, the age of the Sapucari beds was for long the subj ect of much confusion and dispute . Hartt ( 1 870a:555-556) tentatively subdivided the Creta­ ceous of Sergipe into a lower group ( middle C retaceous?) and an upper group ( Senonian?) . Figure 5 summarizes the his­ torical development of the middle C retaceous stratigraphy of the Sergipe Basin. =

=

=

=

The initiation and consolidation of national research (1875-1940) This period saw the creation and extinction of the first geological survey of Brazil, the "Commissao Geologiea do I mperio do Brazil" ( 1 875- 1 8 7 7 ) , directed by Hartt. Orville A. Derby, one of Hartt's students, worked for the "Commis­ saG Geologica" ; later he became Director of the Geological Department of the Museu Nacional in Rio de Janeiro and also the first Director of the " Serviquinoid, ydlowish and light brown Laranjeiras

limestonu

UTM 8 804 loor.;/7OO 2SOE. Topographical

map sheet: Se,24-Z-B-IV Aracaju. Geological map sheet: SC.24-Z

B-IV-4 Aracaju

Section on steep hillside facing SW to SE. Ahimde ea, 2.l-35 m.

KeJp: Massive,

yellowish

Laranjeira. lime.tones and massive,

hard, locally coquinoid, light hrown Laranjeiras limutones ALTO VERDE ."I :

UTM

8 804 4-OON/699 95OE. Topographieal

map shut: Se.24-Z-B-IV Aracaju. Geological map ,heet: SC.24-Z1:I-IV-4 Araeaju.

BENJAMIM CONSTANT 2 : UTM 8 792 75ON/695 9OOE. Topa­

graphical map sheet: se.24-Z-B-IV Aracaju. Geological map sheet: SC.24-Z-B-IV-4 Aracaju

Kap: Hard, locally nodular, cream Laranjeiras lime.tonn with

abundant bivalves and echinoids

Kø,,?: L i g h t brown, d a y e y limeslones of Pindoba facies l'opograph.ical map map sheet: SC.24-Z-B-

UTM

sheet: SC.24-Z-B-IV Aracaju IV-4 Araca)u.

Quarries on hillsides facing S to E and scction in valley racing :\

Allitude ca. 30-.'10 m.

Quarry facing i". Altitude ca. 20-35 m.

Kup: Cream Laranjeiras limestones underlain by intcrbedded

limestones and clays

Kesp: Locally hard, grey and cream Laranjeiras limestones

BOA LUZ 1 0 : UTM 8 BQ2 150N/698 550E, Topographical map

sheet: SC.24-Z-B-IV Aracaju. Geological map sheee SC.24-Z-B·

BEi"JAML\-1 CONSTA1\T 3: UT:-.t 8 792 8SON/696 OSOE. Topa­

graphical map sheet: Se.24-Z-B-IV Aracaju. Geological map sheet se.24-Z·B-IV·4 Aracaju

Quarry on hillside facing SW. Altitude Ca, 30-35 m. locally

flagg)',

cream Laranjeira. limestones

whiti.h

Laranjeiras limestones:

[V-4 Aracaju

Quarry on hilLside facing SE. ,\ltitude ca. 40 m

Kup: Massive, cream Laranjeiras limestones

BOA LUZ I l : UT:'>t 8 80 1 700:\/697 950E. Topographical map

sheN: SC.24-Z·B-IV Aracaju. Geological mal' .heet: SC.24-Z-B­ IV-4 Aracajlt.

BENJAl\IIM CONSTANT 4: UTM 8 79 2 7001"/696 oooE. Topa­

graphical map sheer se.24-Z-B-IV Araeaj u . Geological map sheet: SC.H-Z-B-IV-4 Aracaju

Loose material on hlllside facing SW. Ahitude ca. 30 m

Quarry on hillside facing SW. Altitud(" ca 3 5 - 40 m .

Kap; Hard, yellowislr and c r e a m Lara,uciras limeSIOneS w i l h

a b u n d a n t cchinoid. BOA LUZ

Kcsp: Hard, cream l.aranjeiras limestonquinoid, yellow-grey lime,!one.

BOA SORTE 12: UTM S 804 OOON/697 6OOE, Topographical map

sheer: SC.24·Z-B-IV Arac..j u . Geolog-ical map sh("et: SC.24--Z-B­ IV-4 Araeaj"

Exposure in track nn hill,ide facing :"I\\'. Altitude ca. 45 m

Kap: LimeSlone breccia

BOA SORTE 13: CT:-'I 8 803 950.\;/696 8SOE. Topographical mal'

sheet: SC.24-Z-B-IV Aracaju, Geologica! map sheel: SC,24-Z-B­ IV-4 Aracaju

Seclion on SE sidr of road, Altitude Ca, 65 m

Kop: Greyish limestone noduks in d�eply wC3thned. very rriablr

1imeston� matrix.

BOA SORTE 1 4: U'['M 8 804 050N/697 OOOE, Topographical rnap

sheet: SC.24-Z-B-IV .1 8 804 SOON/697 5SOE. Topographical map

sheet: SC.:l4-Z-B-IV Aracaju, Geological map sheet: Se.H-Z-B­ IV_4 Aracaju

Laose material on hill. ide facing E and eXjXIsure on W .ide of

5c;/70S 35OE. Topographical map

sheel: SC.24--Z-B-IV Aracaju. Geological map shcct: SC.24-Z-!l­

Exposure un NW side of road. AJtilude ca. 2S m

Kcsp: Lighl bruwn Pindoha limClloncs

Aracaj u ) .

Exposure j u s l bdo,"", hilltop, facing SE. Altitude ca 4{J m.

8 808 400"'/ 7 1 3 4WE.

IV-2 Riachuelu.

CAjAIBA

IV-2 Riachuelo

Exposure in lrack, Altilude ca. lO m

un Ihc soulhcrn banks of Ihe CUlinguiba River, which includes lhe

UTM

shttl: SC.24·Z-B- [ V Aracaju

ahundan! bivalvu.

sheel: SC.H-Z-B-IV Aracaju, Geological map sheel: SC.24·Z-B·

l:

CARAlBAS 6 : C T :'Il 11 11 1 2

V·l Carmopolis

Quarry un hillside facing NW Allilude ca :' - 1 0 m

C A I E l RA

UT�I 8 11 1 2 4.'il"17 1 5 450E. Topo!l;raphical map

sheet: SC.24-Z-B·I\" Aracaju GrdogiClll map sheel: SC.24-Z-B­

ufCru2e. 8.

Kup: Cream Laranjdra. Iime.�lone,

Kap:

1 0 )ll

Kap: Rubbly, hard. li!:hl brown Laranjeir"s limesIones.

CARAIBAS :.

silicified horizons

Exposure on N W side of Irack. Altitude Ca. 5 m.

sheel: SC.24--Z-B-[V Aracaju, Geulogieal map sheel: SC.24-Z-B­

BU�fBURUM 5 : UTM 8 806 4)(}N!70S 4WE Topographical map

IV-4- Aracaju

12:

Exposure in road. approxiOlalc\y 50 m :\ W of road and rivulel

;ntersecI;on . .. \ ltilude ca

Kop: Rubbly. lighl brown I.dranj{"iras lirneslOnrs.

I l : UTM 8 800 6OON/70S 5lOE. Topographical map

.hecl: SC.24-Z-B-IV Aracaju. Geological mal' shect: SC.H-Z-B­

CAjAiBA

IV-2 Riachuc!o

Exposure in road, Ahiludc ra 20 m

Kap: Massive, blue-grey Laranjeiras limestones CAjAiBA

750N/7 1 6 1 50 E , Tup'-'fIr"phical map

sh�el: SC.U-Z-B-[V Aracaju. G�nlogical map ,hc�c Se.24.Z.II_

IV·2 Riaehuelo.

Quarry on hillside facing E . Altilude Ca, 20-25 m.

IV-4 Aracaju.

Quarry facing F.. Altitude ca, O- I :' m

Kesp: Locally rubbly, cream Laralljeiras limestOIle. wilh abuIl'

IV-4 Aracaju

Kup: Grey limestune oonglumeralc and massiv� Laranjeiras time­

sheel: SC_24-Z·B-IV Aracaju. Geological map shcet: SC.N-Z-B­

BUMBURU�f 3 : UTM 8 806 2;.QNI70:' 6;.QE. Tupographical map

shul: SC.24--Z-B-IV Aracaju. Geological map sheel: SC.24-Z-B·

sheel: SC.H-Z-B-IV Aracaju. Geological map shecI: SC.24-Z-B­

Sectiuns On bolh sides of road. Altilude ca. 1 0 m

Loose malerial un hilllop. Altilude ca. 25 m

Kesp: Flaggy, erum and grev Pindoba limeSlUneS 17:

1 0 : UTM 8 800 6OO:-;'/70S 200E. Topographical map

UTM B 8 1 2

CARAiBAS 4 :

limestunCl.

1 6 : UTM 8 8 1 0 05ON!7 1 I .'iOOE. Tupographieal map

CAIEIRA

Kap: Lighl grev Laranjeiras limesIOnes.

CA.JAfBA

Kesp: LimeSlune oonglomerale u\'erlain by flaggy, cream Pinduha

Kesp: Flaggy, cream Pinduba limeSIones CAIElRA

8 800 950N!70S 350E. Tupographical map

IV-4 Aracaju

Kup: Flagg)', hard, cream Pinduha limeslun"s with abundant

Secliun un hillside facing 1\E. Altilude ca. 5 m

Rift>ntet: Localily Y- I 56 uf SimOes & Bandeira { 1 969, (Fig. 2 1 1 . C A I E I R.4

UTM

sheel: SC.24-Z-B-IV Araca)u. Geulogical map shce!: SC,24·Z·B.

Kcsp: Massive, light grev and blue-grcy Laranjeiras limestones.

Kup: LocaHy rubbJy, cream limeslunes. CAIElRA

CAjA f BA 9 :

Quarry a l fool uf hill, facing NE. Altilude ca. 5 m

Loose malerial on hillside facing E.

Loose material on hillside facing W . Altitude ca. 25 m

KCJp: Hard, bloe-grey Lararueiras limestones

outerops a l

UTM 8 808 500N( 7 1 3 I SOE. Topographical map

sheet: SC.H-Z-B-IV Araca)u. Geological map sheel: SC.H-Z-B­

Alliludc ca, l O m.

Kup: Hard, grcy Laranjeiras limeSIOnU.

Caraibas CARAIBAS I : VTM 8 813 2S0�/ 7 1 5 700E

Topographical map

shect: SC,24-Z-B-IV Araca)u. Geological map sheet: SC,24-Z-B· IV-2 Riaehuelo

Loose malerial in dilches un bulh sides of road. Altitude ca.

20--30 m .

Kup: Rubbly, h a r d , l i g h l brown Laranjeiras limesluttes.

CARAiBAS 2 : UTM 8 8 1 3 350N1 7 1 5 950E. Tupographical map

shecl: SC.24--Z-B·IV Aracaju. Geolugieal map ShCel: SC.24·Z-B IV-2 Riachuelo.

Exposure in shallow dilch on NW �ide ufroad. Allilude ca. 25 m

Kup: Rubbly, hard, yclluw-grc)' Laranjeiras lime!tunes.

CARAiBAS 3 : UTM 8 813 05O�1 7 1 6 OOOE. Topographical map shcct: se.U-Z-B-IV Araeaju. Geological map sheel: SC,24-Z·B­ IV-2 Riachuelu

Exposures in and un bolh sides of ruad. Allitude ca, 20 m . Kesp: Rubbly, hard, ydluw'grcy LaranJeiras limesIones

Rifnnte,: Localily S-79 ofSimOes & Bandeira ( 1 969, [Fig. 2 ] ) .

CRUZES

15:

UTM 8 82 3 9OON/723 6501::

l"upographical map

shtt1: SC.24-Z-B-V japaraluba, Geological map .heel: SC,24-Z·JI· V-I Carm6polis.

Secliun at well C P- 1 2 1 , facing S . Allitude ca. 20-30 m

Kap: While and cream, calcareous sandSlunes overlain by li�hl

brown Laranjeiras limes tones. CRUZES

16:

UT:VI

8 82 3 9OON/723 050E. Tupographical

mal'

shect: SC.24-Z-B-V japaraluba. Geulogical map shee!: SC.H·Z-B­ V-I Cmnopolis

Quarry al foot of hill, facing NE, Altitude Ca. 1 0 m .

KCJp: Quarniferuus, locally saccharoidal dulomiles CRL- ZES

17:

UTM 8 825 450N!723 9OOE.

Topographical mal'

sheel: SC.24-Z·B-V japaraluba. Geological map Sheel: SC.24-Z-B­ V-I Carmopolis

Seclion un hillside facing S\\'. Allilude ca 20-30 m

KCJp: Friablc, crcam Laranjeiras limeslunes, overlain by locally

hard, lighl brown and whilish Laranjeiras IimUloncs.

abundanl.

Biva!>'es

FOSSILS AND STRATA 1 2 ( 1 983)

Cumbe

ESTiVA 9 : UTM 8 799 650NI702 BOOE. Topographical map shcct: SC.24-Z-B-IV Aracaju. Geological map sheet: SC.24-Z-B·IV-4

Rifmllw / " litt are,,: O A. G. Du,mc ( 1 936: 1 1 7 ; 1938:4)), Morao ( 1 939:332 [ 1 939:33] ) , Cordciro ( 1 9 4 1 :2 1 ) and Olivdra & Leonardos

( 1 943:56 3 ) . O Probably "Engenho Am�" [misprint?] or E. P. de

Arac.aju.

Quarry on hillside facing SE. Altitude ca. 20-25 m Massive.

KeJp:

light brown and brown-grey Laranjeiras lime-

SC.24-Z-B-IV Aracaju. Geological map !htt!: SC.24-Z-B-IV-3 Ita­ poranga d'Ajuda.

2: UTM 8 797 700N/688 OOOE. Topographical map shtt!

Se.24_Z_S_IV Arac"ju. Geological map sheet: SC.24-Z-B-IV-3 Ita­

poranga d'Ajuda.

UTM

8 799 8SQN/703 350E.

Topographical

IV-4 Arac.aju.

Slickensided, l i g h t grey Laranjciras limc!!ono

porang:;o d'Ajuda

Exposurc in old road, S E orrwd, on hillsidc facing ;\"E. Altilude

ca. 70 m

Kcsp: Sikkensided, light �rey Pindoba limestones.

11:

UTM

8 799 7SON1703 25OE. Topographical map

IV-4 Aracaju.

SC.24-Z-B-IV Aracaju, Geological map shecI; SC.24-Z-B-IV-3 Ila­

poranga d'Ajuda

UTM

6 799 65ON!703 IOOE.

map

Musivc and rubbly,

with abundant bival'·e• . 13:

UTM

yellow-grey Laranjciras limestones

SC.24-Z-B-IV Aracaju. Gwlogical m ... p shttl; SC.24-Z-H-IV·3 ha·

porang ... d'Ajl1da

Quarry immediatdy N E of road, on hillside facing SW. Altitude

ca. 50-60 m .

Topographical

map

s h t t t : SC.24-Z-B-IV Aracaju. Gwlogical map s h e e t : SC.24·Z-B­ IV-4 Aracaju.

Loeally flaggy, grcy a n d ycllow-grey Pindoba limestoncs.

Quarry facing W . Altitude ca, 20-30 m

Quarry at fool of hill in rivcr Ixnd, facing E. Allilude ca. H­

SO m .

CUMBE 7 : UT;\! 8 799 250N/686 95OE. Topographical map sheel:

SC.24-Z-B-IV Aracaju. Gwlogical map shcet: SC.24-Z-B-IV-3 Ita­

poranga d'Ajuda.

{Marca�.io until 1 9 6 3 }

lø liu o " , "

Coarsely flaggy, c r e a m , locally l i g h l hrown Pindoba lime­

CUMBE 8 : UT;\1 8 797 900;.1/666 05OE. Topographical map sheel: SC.24-Z-B-IV Aracaju. Gwlogical map shttl: SC.24-Z·B-IV-3 Ita­

poranga d'Ajuda.

Exposure in old Irack, on hillside facing S . Altitude Ca. 70 m .

Slickensided, Cream Laranjciras limtstunes, locally w i t h

purplish, silicilied p a m

(Morais Rego

1933:44;

Wanderlcy

1938:53;

Cordeiro

1 9 4 1 : 2 1 ) refcrs to Ihc arca E of Estiva 8. O The sections rrfrrred to corles proximos ao posto de Ibura

bv A . G . Duartr.

( 1 936:4.)) are probably Estiva 1-3. O The localities described by Wallderley ( 1 938:49) aS ·'Percorridos mais sriscentos melros .

cento � cincucma metros depois outros ccm mctfl)$ .

ccm metros adiante

em

" rder to road CutS ill Ihe arca or Euiva 1 - 3 .

O Loealili" 1 1 2 7 and 2 1 2 7 ofR�ymenl & T a i t ( 1 972a:92, F i g . 1 1 )

are misplaced on the map (Fig. I l ) ; Ihcy are possibly in the E'li\"a 7

area [from lidd Ilotu alld lithological compari-'On]. O WcIl IBASA·

Topographical

UT;"I

3:

UT;\1

at foot uf hill

8 783 700,..; /68.) OOOE.

Topographical

Quarry a t petrol .t3tion, a t foot of hillside facing SE. Altitude ca Cream Pindoba limatoncs with clay intercalations

B-IV-3 Itaporanga d'Ajuda.

UT;\I

8 783 8OON/685 OOOE.

Topographical

map sheet: SC.24-Z-B-IV Aracaju. Geological map sheet: SC.24-Z­

Kcsp:

phical map shttt: SC.24-Z-B-V Japaratuba. Geological map shtel:

i� Jil�. Altitude Ca.

phica! map shcet: SC.24-Z-R-V Japaratuba, Geological map shect

SC.24-Z-B-V-I Carmopolis.

Rubbly, grey lirnestoncs with abundant bivalve. and gastro­

( I lha)

( 1 890:390 [ 1 899:.)7]) i. probably Ilha! 2 or ncarby

lø

1M arta: O "Japaratuba'· of Sopper ( 1 9 1 4:38), Maga

" municipio

dc

1 7) and Oliveira & BnlO ( 1 969:223, 227) and Japaratuba··

of

Santos

&

Cunha

( 1 959: 1 2

[ 1 98 1 : 1 46 ] ) m a y b e anywhere ill t h c extens;"c Ol1lcrop area S o f

Japaratuba. O ']aparamba ( 1 .800 m . a W , e m u m corte de rstrada

Aracaju

SC.24-Z-B·IV-4

Loose matcrial on hillside facing ="'W. Altitudc ca, 15 m.

Flaggy, Crcam pjnduba limt.tones and yellow-grey Laran­

jeiral limcslon".

Aracaju

1949, Fig. 9; Magalhaes 1952, mal'; Henao Londorio 19.)8, mars;

htrobras 1964, Fig, 6; [Henao LondonoJ in ;\1arques 196,), Fig, I ; 1967, Fig. I; Fernandes

1967, Fig. 9; Bender

i� i� Rosa

1967, Fig. 8; Riehler & Sirnoo 1 97 5. shttt SC.24-Z-B-IV-4 Aracaju

[9-IB- I -S E j ) is Ca. 900 m W of E.tiva 7

Aracaju

Gwlogical

rnap

SC.24-Z-R-IV-4

Quarry at foot of hill along tdge of mangrovu, facing E tO S.

Altitude ca. 0-,', m .

Kcsp: nodulcs.

H a r d , c r e a m and g r e y Laranjeiras limestones with chert

shert:

SC.24-Z-B.IV-4

SC.24-Z-B-IV Aracaju. G=logical map sheet:

Aracaju.

Lxally hard and locall)' flaggy, cream I.aranjciras lim�-

ILHAS 4: UTM 8 804 5SO,,/707 SOOE. Topographical map shttl: ESTIVA 2: UTl'>I 8 800 300;\"/703 O.)()E. Topograpbical map sheel: SC,24-Z-B-IV

Aracaju

Aracaju, Gwlogical

mal' sheet:

SC.24-Z-B·IV-4

Se... . Geological map sheet: SC.24-Z-B­

JARD1 M

JERIC6 6; UTM 8 823 200N/724 9OOE. Topographical map sheet:

Carmopolis.

Section facing SW, at well CP-22 ! . AhilUdc CiI. 1 0 m .

Kap?:

Kul':

FOSSILS AND STRATA 1 2 ( 1 983)

Peter Bengtson: Cenomanian- Coniacian of Sergipe

66

Kul';

Nodular, hard, light brown Laranjeiras limestunes.

MACHADO I: UTM 8 804 400N/699 600E. Topogrdphical map

shcet: SC.24-Z-B-IV Aracaju. Grological map Sheel: SC.24-Z-B­ IV-4 Aracaju.

Quarry on hill,ide facillg S . Altitude ca. 1 0- 1 5 m

Kap:

LARANJEIRAS 26: UTM 8 806 0SONI70 1 3SOE. Topographical

map sheel: SC.24-Z-B-IV Aracaju. Geological rnap sheet; SC.24-ZB-

c

�����: � �� i

Kup:

ack, Oil hillside facillg N . Altitudc ca. 30-35 m.

Rubbly, cn:am limesIoIles.

Massive, cream, and localty hard, light brown Laralljeiras

limestonu

MACHAI)() 2 : UTM 8 804 6OON/699 OSOE. Topographical map

.hul: SC.2+-Z-B-IV Aracaju. Geologic:.1 map ,heel: SC,24-Z-B­ IV-4 Aracaju

&'::tioll on N E side ofroad, at bend. Altilude ca. 30 m

Massive, hard, local1y brecciated, grey Laranjeiras lime-

Kul':

Nodular, light grcy Laranjeiras lime'tolle,. Ephical

map sheet: SC.24-Z-B-IV Aracaju. Gwlogical map sheet: SC.24-Z­

sheel: SC.2+Z-B-IV Aracaju. Geologic.aJ map sheet: SC.24-Z-B­ IV-2 Riaehuelo

Exposure on hillside facing E . Ahilude ea. l O - I S m.

Kul': Limenone brccda underlain by cream Laranjeiras lime­

Slones and overlain(?) by naggy, cream Pindoba limcsloncs (loosc malerial).

lions and abundanl bivalves. Limcstone brcccia.

O The Iocalily " . . . cru:tamos o no Madre de Deus . .

ofPelri ( 1 962:29, Fig. 2) and "Colinguiba-Laranjeiras Il" of Cam­ pos & Carnpos ( 1 976: 1 9S ) .

MADRE D E D E U S 4; U T M 8 8 0 2 35ON/702 5OOE. Topognphical

map sheet: SC.24-Z-B-IV Aracaju. Geological map sheet: SC.24-Z­ B-IV-4 Aracaju.

Seclion al blt of hill facing SE. Altitude ca. 5 m.

K($p: LocaHy rubbly, brown-grcy limcslones.

MADRE D E DEUS .l : UTM 8 802 6OONI702 550E. Topographical

map shee!: SC.24-Z-B-IV Araeaju. Gwlogica! map sheel: SC.24-Z­ R-IV-4 Aracaju.

SC.24-Z-B-IV Aracaju. Geological map shw: SC.24-Z-B-IV-4 Aracaju

Quarry on hiJ1side facing W . Altitude ca. 25-30 m.

Kup: Ma!l5ive, cream Laranjciras limestones.

MATA 2: UTM 8 799 8O)N1701 6OOE. TopographicaJ map sheel SC.24-Z-B-IV

Aracaju

Aracaju. Geological map ,hccI; se.24-Z-B-IV-4

Quarry on hillside facing NE. Altilude ca. 2S-30 m.

Kup: Hard, cream and grcy Laranjeinu limcstoncs.

MATA 3: UTM 8 799 15ON1701 700E. Topographical map sheel:

B_IV_4 Ancaju

Sections on bolh sides ofroad. AltilUde ca. 2:' m .

KUfr: Brown-grey Laranjciras limesIOnei

Probably the Iocality dcscribcd as ' . . oitoccnlOS metros

adiame . . ·' by Wanderley ( 1 938:5O).

MADRE D E DEUS 7 : UTM 8 803 lOON/700 115OE. Topognphical map sheet: SC.24-Z-B-IV Aracaju. Geological map sheel: SC.24-Z­

S_\V-4 Aracaju.

Scctions in and on NE side ofroad. Aldtude ca. 20 m.

Kul': Flagg)·, locally powdery, lighl grey Pindoba limelilOncs.

UTM 8 796 6OONI700 200E. Topographical

map

MUCURI

1 0 : UTM 8 196 6SON/699 950E. TopographicaJ map

shect: SC.24-Z-B-IV Aracaju. Geologieal map sheet: SC.24-Z-B· IV-4 Aracaju.

Quarry facing SW lO W . Allitude ca. 35-5$ m.

Kup: Ma!l5ive, hard, locaUy ooquinoid and brccciated, blue-grey

MUCURI

I l ; UTM 8 796 6SON/699SOOE. Topographical map

MUCURI

12:

UTM 8 796 2OON/699 75OE. Topographical map

sheet: SC.24-Z-B-IV Araeaju. Geological map sheet: SC.24-Z-B­ IV_4 Aracaju

Kcsp: Massive, cream Laranjeiras limestoncs. 13:

UTM 8 796 550NI700 OSOE. Topographic.. 1 map

IV-4 Aracaju.

Mu�uca

Quarry facing W . Altitude ca. W--S5 m

Kul': Massive, yeUowish Laranjeiras limcstones.

(Mussucaj full n a m e : Mucuea de Baixo)

Rt/rrrru:,

Iq Iht a,,6), "Sanhara"

dciro 1 9 4 1 :22; Magalhåes &

Mezza\ira

1 % 3 :60, 240, 269), Or

"Saura" (A. I. de Oliveira 1943 : 1 47 ( 1 943 : 1 4, 1946: 8 1 5 J ; Oliveira & Leonardt» 1943:.'>62) is now part ofthc/II�.ndQ Pindoba, probably at

or near Pilldoba 1-2. 1890:382�401

Geologica!

Aracaju.

(M�ury 1 9 3 7 : 1 2 � 1 3 , I 1 8� 1 1 9 , 1 82 � 1 8 3 , 228-23 1 , 242�245; Cor­

p4nim

O

The quarries at "Andorinhas" (Branner

[ 1 899:40-82

p4nimJ)

probably lie wilhin the

area of Pilldoha 1 - 6 P I N O O B A I : UTM 8 806 850NI70j jEKlE. Topographical map

• heet: SC.24-Z-B-IV Aracaju. Geological map sheft: SC.24-Z-S· IV-4 Aracaju. Quarry Oil Itillside facing N . Ahilude Ca. 5 � 1 O m

O m

SC.N-Z-B-IV Aracaju. Geological map sheet: SC.24-Z-B-IV-4

Aracaju

Loose material in hallk facillg N E to E, just ahuve mangrove. Altitude ca. O m .

Kcsp: Hard, loeally slickensided, light brown limestones

PRAIA 6: UT:\I 8 8 1 0 I EKlNI7 1 0 oooE. Topographical mal' sheet

SC.24-Z-B-IV Aracaju. Geological

map sheet:

SC.24-Z·S·IV-4

Aracaju. Section at edgeof mangroves, in bank facillg W. Altitude ca. O m . KeIp: Slickensided, cream Pindoba l imestones PRAIA 7 : UTM 8 8 1 0 100;>.;1 7 1 0 2EKlE. Topographical map sheet· SC,N-Z-B-IV Aracaju.

sheet: Se.24-Z·B-IV Aracaju. Gwlogical map sheet: SC.H-Z·B­

Aracaju.

ca. 5 - I O m . Kap: Flaggy, slickensided, c r e a m Pindoba limestoIles. Slicken­

Geological map sheet:

SC.24-Z·B-IV.4

Exposures in small gullies in and beside track, on hillside facillg

N . Alt;tude ca. 1 5-2j m . Krsp?: Friable, gre)' a n d light brown calcareous mudstones.

Rifermct:

Loeality S - 1 8 3 ofSimOes & Bandeira ( 1 969, [Fig. 2 ] ) .

sided, cream Laranjeiras limeslones. Loeal accumulalions of small ammoniles.

P RA I A 8: UTM 8 8 1 0 6EKl;>.;/7 1 1 050E. Topographical map .heet:

PINDOBA 3 : UTM 8 80 7 I50NI706 850E. Topographical map

Aracaju

SC.24-Z-B-IV sheet: SC.N-Z-B-IV Aracaju. Geological mal' sheet: Se.24-Z·B· IV-4 Aracaju. Loo� material al top of ridge. Altilude ca. 1 0 m. Kc.sp: Loeally flagg)', cream Pindoba limestones.

Aracaju. Geological map sheet: SC.24-Z·B·IV-4

LC>O'le malerial ill track, on hiJl5ide facillg NW. Altitude ca. 15 m . Kap: H a r d , y e l l o.... -grey lime!!olles. PRAIA 9: UTM 8 8 1 0 2EKlN/7 1 O OOOE. Topographical map sheer SC.24-Z·B·IV Aracaju, Geological map sheel: SC.H·Z-B·IV·4

PINDOBA 4: UTM 8 80 7 1ooN/706 1 50 E . Topographical map sheet: SC.24-Z-B�IV Aracaju. Geological map sheet: SC.24-Z·B·

Aracaju. Section on tidal flat in cove belowhill.ide facing W . Altitude ca. O

IV-4 Aracaju Exposure ill valley, near edge of mangroves. Altiludc ca. 5 m. KeIp: Flaggy, slickensided, cream Pindoba limesIoIles.

Retiro

" of Oenis

(in

O

.. . . . ao sul da usina do

Erichst:n & Amarai 19j8: 1 1 4 ) . O Localit)'

3 / 1 9 of Reymenl & Tait ( 1 972a:92) is cither Retiro 1 5 - 1 6 or Oiteiro 1 8- 1 9 RETIRO

I:

U T YI 8 8oo 750N/699450E.

Topographical

map

Kr�KC". Thick-bedded, more or less ollcolilic. locally coquinoid, grey and brownish limestones.

IV-4 Aracaju

"Engenho Ribeira'" (A. G . Ouarte 1936: 1 1 7;

"Engellho Ribeiro" of E. P ( 1 %9:30 [ 1 96 1 :4O])

de Oliveira ( 1 940: 1 6 3 ) . O llellder's

"Str"lkneinschniu ca. 45-00 m siidwestlich

2:

UTM

( 1 969:23O) and "Laranjeira5 Sul" ofCampos & Campos ( 1 976: 1 9j)

8 800 950N/699 3jOE. Topographical map

sheet: SC.N-Z·B·IV Aracaju. Geological map sheet: SC.24-Z-B­ IV-4 Aracaju.

UTM

8 800 9EKlN/699 5OOE,

Topographical

RIBEIRA

I:

UT:-"I

8 799 ISO:\"/698 5ooF..

Topographi�al

map

sheet: SC.24-Z-fl-IV Aracaju. Geologi�al map sh.-et: SC.2·1·Z-B­ Section immediately SW ofhighway BR-23j. Altilude ca. 2j m

Hard, light bro.... n Laralljeiras limeSIOIleS 3:

probably refer 10 olle of the Ribeira loealities alollg BR-235

IV-4 Aracaju

Scction Oil hillside facing E. Altitude ea. 20 m

RETIRO

ilR-23j, O Locality 3 7 of Marques ( 1 966, map) i. either Ribeira I l or l 2 . 0 Loeality 1 4 0 f TibaJla ( 1 969:3 1 ) is probabJr in the area of

Ribeira l O although faulty distancing makcs i l impohiulc to a.cer·

aproximadamente 5 km ao sul de Laranjeiras" ofOliveira & Brito

Hard, light hrowll Laranjeiras limestones

RETIRO

Kup:

O

A , G . Ouarle 1938:45; ....Ioraes 1939:332 [ 1 939:33] ) . O I'robably

tain the exact position. O "Corte na estrada Aracaju-Itabaiana,

Sectioll on hill.ide facing NW. Ahitude ca. 2O�25 m

Kup:

Ribeira Riftrt1lU1 10 Mt arta:

Laranjeiras"' is probabl}' one ofthe Ribeira loealities along highwar

KCJp: Hard. gre)' and friable, cream Laranjeiras Innestonts with

map

chal concretions.

sheet: SC.H-Z-B-IV Aracaju. Geological map sheet: SC.24-Z-B­ IV-4 Aracaju.

R I B E I RA 2 :

Section On hillside facing NW, immcdiatcly ahuve dam, Altitude ca. 1 0 m

UTM

8 799 250N/69B 4OOE. Topographical rnap

sheet: SC.24-Z-B-IV Aracaju. Geological map shte!: SC.24-Z·11· IV-4 Aracaju.

Kap: Variably illdurated, grey La.ranjeira.� lime.! 8 794 500:\'/695 5OOE. Topographi�al

1 9701

!ttde ca. 5 m

2 ] ) is Salobro 2 or 3

Section on S E side of rnad. Altitude Ca. 40 m light bro .... n and friable, cream Laranjeiras lime'

Kup: Hard,

shut: SC.24·Z· B - I V Aracaju. Geologlcal mal' shect: SC.24·Z·A·

B-IV-1 Aracaju

Rcferma III Iht arta: !.oeality S-63 ofSimOes & Bandeira 0969, [Fig.

[ 1,1 ·4 Aracaju

Exposurc 01\ E side of rnad. Altitude ca. 55 III

Sao Pedro

map .heet: SC.24-Z-B-IV Aracaju. Geological mal' sheet: se.N·Z·

Salobro

sheet: SC.24-Z- B - I V Aracaju. Geological map .hcet: SC.H·Z·B·

IV·4 Aracaju.

Scction on W

SA:\,l:'" C R U Z

Kup: Grey and Cream Laranjeiras lime.tunes

Section on hill,ide facinR S\\'. Alnwde ca 40 m

SAO PEDRO IS: UT�1 Il 8 0 1 700N/696 OOOE. Topographical map

sAo PEDRO 1 7: U T M 8 799 6')()�/695 5.)()E. Topgraphi,al mal'

shcct: se.24-Z-B·I\' Araraju. Gwlog,,,al map sheet: SC24-Z-R­

B - I V_4 Aracaju

ropographical

IV·4 Aracaju

sheet: SC.24- Z · B · I \" Arac"ju, Gcol�ical map ,heet: SC.24-Z-H.

Kap): Brown-grey limeSlones

Kul': Cream Laranjeiras limestonu wilh abundant burrows; lo­

Small quarry On hill.ide facing :\\\', I S m horn edl!;e or man

UT:"I 8 782 050N/687 6OOE.

sIteet: SC,24·Z·B - I V Araeaju. Gcological mal' ,heet: SC.24-Z·B·

Køp: Cream Laranjeiras Iime'tones

KC$p�: Hard, .potted, lighl grey lim�'toncs.

Loosc material i n and beside road, on hill.ide facing W . Allitude

mal' shut: SC.2·\- Z - II - I V Aracaju. Geological mal' sheet: Se.N-Z­

Ahitude ca 5 m

Kesp: Nodular, eream Laranjeiras lime.tone.

I:

Sections on SE sid� of road and on hillside •. Altitude C