4.-Aplicaciones Mezclas-Ene-Jun-2021

 

FQBIJFJIDOHZ HJXFJIDOHZ MI@H[HOJIFBHZ Q[INH[ D[MHO Q[DKBHNFZ JDO PFBD[ IOIJIFB ‒QPI„ 

NH\JBFZ  NDMHBD CHOH[FB QF[F ZDBXJIDOF[ Q[DKBHNFZ MH NH\JBFZ (ZFBNXH[FZ Y D][DZ) Bds prdkbhnfs mh nhzjbfs sdo rhsuhbtds jdnd sisthnfs mh hjufjidohs hjufjidohs.. Hstds prdkbhnfs sh mfo ho nujefs situfjidohs7 pdr hlhnpbd, jufomd sh jdnkiofo sdbujidohs ho uo bfkdrftdrid mh quînijf d jufomd sh föfmho iocrhmihoths f uof rhjhtf. Bfs nhzjbfs (y prdkbhnfs mh nhzjbfs) sh `drnfo jufomd mi`hrhoths tipds mh hbhnhotds sh jdnkiofo pfrf jrhfr uo thrjhr dklhtd "nhzjbfmd". Fprhomh f phosfr ho bfs nhzjbfs jdnd uo tipd mh tfsf< mh  tfsf    

jdo

() > 

 

Mdomh<

⚾  [fpimhz jdo quh hotrf hb sdbutd ⚾  ⚾  ⚾ 

 

    >          > () > ()    

[fpimhz jdo quh sfbh hb sdbutd

Jdojhotrfjiúo mh hotrfmf 

Jdojhotrfjiúo mh sfbimf

 pæc. 6   

DKZH[PFJIDOHZ

 >   ≡   

❐ 

Zi

❐ 

Zi

❐ 

Bf jfotimfm

, bf jfotimfm mh , bf jfotimfm mh

   

mh bf sdbujiúo sh nfotihoh jdostfoth fb pfsd mhb tihnpd.  tihnpd. 



>()   > ().

mh bf sdbujiúo shræ `uojiúo mhb tihnpd 7 f sfkhr

mh sdbutd ho hb tfoquh shræ `uojiúo mhb tihnpd7 hs mhjir,

 

 

OD]F Nhmifoth trhs hlhnpbds, fjbfrhnds hb térniod t érniod jdojhotrfjiúo Zi misdbvhnds 811 c mh fzüjfr ho  ;1 b mh fcuf, dkthohnds uof sdbujiúo mubjh jdo uof jdojhotrfjiúo

 >  ;1

c/b > ;8 c/b

mh fzüjfr (sh bhh ;8 crfnds pdr bitrd y sicoi`ijf ;8 crfnds mh fzüjfr pdr jfmf bitrd mh sdbujiúo). sdbujiúo ).  Jufomd misdbvhnds 61 bk mh sfb ho 81 cfb mh fcuf, dkthohnds uof sdbujiúo sfbiof d sfbnuhrf jdo uof jdojhotrfjiúo

 > 

bk/cfb > 1.; bk/cfb mh sfb (1.; ( 1.; bikrfs pdr cfbúo y sicoi`ijf 1.; bikrfs mh sfb pdr jfmf cfbúo mh fcuf). fcuf). 

Mh nfohrf chohrfb, si misdbvhnds



mh uo sdbvhoth, dkthohnds uof sdbujiúo jdo uof jdojhotrfjiúo Mhb sdbutd (sh (sh bhh Hlhnpbds< ➫ 

 () > () () 

 b (  (d d fbcuof dtrf uoimfm mh vdbunho vdbunho))

 gc (d jufbquihr uoimfm mh nfsf) mh uo sdbutd ho

 

gibdcrfnds pdr bitrd y sicoi`ijf  sicoi`ijf 

 

gc/b .

gibdcrfnds mh sdbutd pdr jfmf bitrd mh sdbujiúo) sdbujiúo)

Ho uo tfoquh quh jdotihoh 6111 b mh fcuf, ioijifbnhoth sh misuhbvho 8 gc mh sfb. Buhcd sh kdnkhf sfbnuhrf fb tfoquh f rfzúo mh ;1 ;1  b / nio y bf sdbujiúo uoi`drnhnhoth nhzjbfmf sh kdnkhf efjif f`uhrf mhb tfoquh f bf nisnf rfzúo. Jdosimhrfomd quh bf jdojhotrfjiúo mh bf sdbujiúo quh hotrf hs mh 1.16 gc/ b mhthrniofr< f)  Bf jfotimfm mh sfb quh efy ho hb tfoquh ho jufbquihr iostfoth

 ≨ .

 

k)  Bf jfotimfm mh sfb ho hb tfoquh mhspués mh :1 nioutds. j)  Bf jfotimfm mh sfb ho hb tfoquh mhspués mh nujed tihnpd. m)  Hb tihnpd quh mhkh trfosjurrir pfrf quh efyf 5 gc mh sfb ho hb tfoquh.

Zdb< Qrinhrd mhkhnds hojdotrfr bf jfotimfm mh sfb (ho gc) quh efy ho hb tfoquh mhspués mh t mh  t nioutds. Zh sfkh quh, bf vfrifjiúo jdo quh jfnkif bf jfotimfm mh sfb

(() ())) ho hb tfoquh jdo rhsphjtd fb tihnpd () hs bf mi`hrhojif

hotrh bf rfzúo mh hotrfmf mh sfb s fb y bf rfzúo mh sfbimf7 f sfkhr< sfk hr<

    >? >?    > (ú     ) )  (ú (ú     ) ) ½ ½(() >   





   ,, pdr hstf rfzúo hb vdbunho sh

Zfkhnds quh pdr eipúthsis quh bf rfpimhz jdo quh hotrf (   ) y sfbh (   ) hs bf nisnf  nisnf 

 >   ..  ()   Bf jdojhotrfjiúo (  ) mh sfb quh hotrf hs mh ( . .   ) y bf jdojhotrfjiúo ( ) mh sfb quh sfbh hs () >    )(. )(  )( () ) >? ½() >(.  )  (())  Hotdojhs, sh tihoh? ½() +  ()>. Icodrfomd pdr hb ndnhotd bfs uoimfmhs, sh tihoh< ½() >.     ∛  ( )  Fb fbunod sh bh quhmf rhsdbvhr bf hjufjiúo mi`hrhojifb7 fsî `iofbnhoth `iofbnhoth sh dktihoh<   >+   nfotihoh jdostfoth

Pdbvihomd fb houojifmd, sh tihoh quh ioijifbnhoth sh misuhbvho 8 Gc mh sfb, hs mhjir< mh jir<

 hotdojhs sh tihoh  (  >  ) >   > ( > ) >+∛  >? > +  >? > rhcrhsfomd f bf sdbujiúo chohrfb () >∛  

Zihomd bf jfotimfm mh sfb (ho gc) quh efy ho hb tfoquh mhspués mh t nioutds.

 pæc. ;   

 Fedrf yf pdmhnds jdothstfr bfs prhcuotfs.  prhcuotfs.  f)   Bf jfotimfm mh sfb quh efy ho hb tfoquh ho jufbquihr iostfoth t ≨ 1. f)

() >∛  

k)   Bf jfotimfm mh sfb ho hb tfoquh mhspués mh :1 nioutds. k)

(> >)) >∛  > 3.;80 Gc

j)   Bf jfotimfm mh sfb ho hb tfoquh mhspués mh nujed tihnpd. j)

   ^ >61 Gc. ( )     > W ↛∟ ↛∟

m)  Hb tihnpd quh mhkh trfosjurrir pfrf quh efyf 5 gc mh sfb ho hb tfoquh. m) 



 ) >       >?  >. . 

5 > V (  

 pæc. :   

Q[DMXJ]D IO]HC[FMD[ ];< QF[]H = DKZH[PFJIÚO< •

  ]DMFZ BFZ [HZQXHZ]FZ MHKHO I[ FJDNQFÖFMFZ MH XO C[Æ@IJD [HFBI\FMD HO CHDCHK[F.

•

  HB C[Æ@IJD MHKH JDIOZIMI[ JDO BF [HZQXHZ]F VXH HOJDO][FZ]H MH NFOH[F FOFBÎ]IJF.

•

  HO HB C[Æ@IJD MHKHZ JDBDJF[ XOF JDOJBXJIÚO (MH @D[NF CHOH[FB) VXH MHZJ[IKF HB JDNQD[]FNIHO]D MH ]X Q[DKBHNF (X]IBI\FOMD QFBFK[FZ MH BF ZI]XFJIÚO (Q[DKBHNF) MHZJ[I]F).

•

   FB @IOFB MH JFMF [HZQXHZ]F MHKHZ JDBDJF[ XOF JFQ]X[F MH QFO]FBBF MHB C[Æ@IJD ([HFBI\FMD HO CHDCHK[F).

•

  ]DMDZ BDZ F[JEIPDZ MH CHDCHK[F VXH X]IBI\FZ]H MHKHO I[ JDNQ[INIMDZ HO XO F[JEIPD [F[7 HZ NXY INQD[]FO]H VXH BD HOPÎHZ QF[F JD]HLF[ ]XZ [HZXB]FMDZ. OD DBPIMHZ H]IVXH]F[ JFMF F[JEIPD MH CHDCH[F, FZÎ JDND HB [F[.

➫ 

Xo tfoquh quh tihoh jfpfjimfm pfrf ;111 ;111  b, jdotihoh ioijifbnhoth 6111 6111  b mh fcuf jdo 5 gc mh sfb misuhbtf. Zh kdnkhf sfbnuhrf fb tfoquh f rfzúo mh ;1 ;1  b / nio y bf sdbujiúo uoi`drnhnhoth nhzjbfmf sh kdnkhf efjif f`uhrf f rfzúo mh 68 68  b / nio, jdosimhrfomd quh bf jdojhotrfjiúo mh bf sdbujiúo quh hotrf hs mh 1.16 gc/ b mhthrniofr< 6)  Bf jfotimfm mh sfb quh efy ho hb tfoquh mhspués mh

 

nioutds.   nioutds.

;)  Bf jfotimfm mh sfb quh efy ho hb tfoquh mhspués mh 6 edrf.  edrf.   :)  Bf jdojhotrfjiúo mh sfb ho hb tfoquh jufomd ésth sh bbhof.  bbhof.  

➫ 

Ho uo tfoquh quh jdotihoh 811 cfb mh fcuf, ioijifbnhoth sh misuhbvho 61 bk mh sfb. Buhcd sh kdnkhf sfbnuhrf fb tfoquh f rfzúo mh = cfb/nio y bf sdbujiúo sd bujiúo uoi`drnhnhoth nhzjbfmf sh kdnkhf efjif f`uhrf mhb tfoquh f rfzúo mh 8 cfb/nio. Jdosimhrfomd quh bf sdbujiúo quh hotrf tihoh sfb jdo uof jdojhotrfjiúo mh 1.6 bk/ b mhthrniofr< mhthrniofr