3o 2T ALUMNO FORMACIÓN CIVICA-1-1
December 4, 2022 | Author: Anonymous | Category: N/A
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Gorafbmò` Bávmbf 2 Zef` 8 Zef`
63
DLE FE\A@O
TXMALRTXL MM
Futor; Nlydm Blrvf`tls Zlrly`f
M@DM L @o.
3
>
TLAF
ZFCM@F
Le sl`tmdo dl ef mcufedfd ¿Vuí ls ef mcufedfd?
> = 66 66 66 66
Zroaovlr ef mcufedfd dl cí`lro
68
Mcufedfd dl cí`lro Ef mcufedfd dl cí`lro; u` fsu`to dl podlr Dlslqumemhrmo Dlslqumemhrm o l` efs rlefbmo`ls dl cí`lro Fbtmvmdfd dl rlspulstf emhrl pfrf le feua`o Emamtfbmo`ls o maposmbmo`ls qul emamtf` eos dlrlbnos l` ef mcufedfd dl cí`lro Fbtmvmdfd dl rlspulstf emhrl pfrf le feua`o Le cí`lro; u` brmtlrmo pfrf vfeorfr `ulstro au`do Rlr sl`smhels y rlbo`oblr ef vmoel`bmf ¿Vuí ls ef vmoel`bmf? Fbtmvmdfd dl rlspulstf emhrl ―Bfso Oemapmf‑ Bfso præbtmbo ¿Vuí ls ef ely Oemapmf?
68 68 68 62 64 64 6< 67 67 67 67 67 6
=
Wmoel`bmf dmcmtfe ¿Vuí ls ef vmoel`bmf dmcmtfe? Fbtmvmdfd dl rlspulstf emhrl pfrf le feua`o Le Glam`mbmdmo l` Aíxmbo ¿Vuí ls ef vmoel`bmf dl cí`lro?
63 63 6= 8: 8:
¿Vuí ls le Glam`mbmdmo Glam`mbmdmo? ? Fual`to l` le á`dmbl dl glam`mbmdmo l` Aíxmbo Bfso præbtmbo
8: 8: 86
Le bo`gembto boao oportu`mdfd pfrf trf`sgorafr`os Fbtmvmdfd dl rlspulstf emhrl pfrf le feua`o Tmpos dl bo`gembtos Bfso præbtmbo ¿Vuí ls le bo`gembto?
88 88 82 82
¿Zfrf quí smrvl le dmæeoco? ¿Vuí gu`bmò` tml`l` le aldmfdor? ¿Vuí nfblr f`tl u` bo`gembt bo`gembto? o? Fbtmvmdfd dl rlspulstf emhrl pfrf le feua`o ¿Zor quí eos bo`gembtos puldl` eelcfr f fglbtfr ef dmc`mdfd y eos dlrlbnos nuaf`os dl efs plrso`fs? Lstrftlcmfss qul fyudf` f bo`strumr ef pfz Lstrftlcmf Fbtmvmdfd dl rlspulstf emhrl pfrf le feua`o Bfso dl ―Bftfem`f‑ ¿Vuí ls ef Fa`mstáf?
82 82 84 8< 87
Fbtmvmdfd dl rlspulstf emhrl pfrf le feua`o Fetlr`ftmvfs pfrf trf`sgorafr `ulstro au`do f pfrtmr dl u` bo`gembto ¿Buæels so` eos brmtlrmos f`tl u` bo`gembto?
6:
88
Zrfbtmbfaos ef aldmfbmò` l` `ulstros bo`gembtos
87 87 83 8> 8> 8> 8=
2:
¿Vuí ls ef aldmfbmò`? ¿Vuí ls le dmæeoco?
2: 2:
Fbtmvmdfd dl rlspulstf emhrl pfrf le feua`o
2: 8
66
¿Zfrf quí smrvl ef aldmfbmò`? Aldmfbmò` l` le bo`gembto Fbtmvmdfd dl rlspulstf emhrl pfrf le feua`o Maportf`bmf dl eos fbulrdos l` ef aldmfbmò` ¿Buæ`do `o ls rlboal`dfhe rlboal`dfhel l ef `lcobmfbmò`?
2: 2: 26 26 28
¿Zodlaos slr aldmfdorls? Aldmfbmò` l` pfrtl Fbtmvmdfd dl rlspulstf emhrl pfrf le feua`o Fbbmo`ls qul sl toaf` l` bul`tf f`tls dl ef aldmfbmò` Fbtmvmdfd dl rlspulstf emhrl pfrf le feua`o Rlfaos aldmfdorls Fbtmvmdfd dl rlspulstf emhrl pfrf le feua`o Boamtí dl aldmfbmò`
28 28 22 24 2< 27 27 27
@os boaproaltlaos bo` ef Nuaf`mdfd
23
Fbtmvmdfd dl rlspulstf emhrl pfrf le feua`o Rlr pfrtl dl ef nuaf`mdfd Fbtmvmdfd dl rlspulstf emhrl pfrf le feua`o Mdl`tmdfd ¿Vuí ls ef Nuaf`mdfd? Dlsfgáos dl ef Nuaf`mdfd ¿f quí sl rlgmlrl ef pfefhrf Rostl`mhel? Zroylbto dl m`vlstmcfbm m`vlstmcfbmò` ò` Fbtmvmdfd dl rlspulstf emhrl pfrf le feua`o-M`gocrfg feua`o-M`gocrfgáf áf @os boaproaltlaos bo` `ulstrf fedlf boaû` Fbtmvmdfd dl rlspulstf emhrl pfrf le feua`o Fbtufaos por ef nuaf`mdfd Boaproamsos qul dlhlaos fsuamr bo` ef nuaf`mdfd
23 23 23 2> 2> 2> 2> 2= 4: 4: 4: 4: 4:
68 Trf`sgorafr le au`do dlsdl ef pfz Fbtmvmdfd dl rlspulstf emhrl pfrf le feua`o Eo qul nlaos fprl`dmdo sohrl ef pfz ¿Vuí ls ef Bueturf dl Zfz? Fbtmvmdfd L` pml dl pfz ¿Vuí smc`mgmbf ef pfefhrf ―Lstfr l` pml dl culrrf‑? Fbtmvmdfd dl m`vlstmcfbm m`vlstmcfbmò` ò`
46 46 46 46 48 42 42 42 2
Fbtmvmdfd dl rlspulstf emhrl pfrf le feua`o Ef eubnf `ovmoel`tf Lstrftlcmfss pfrf ef fbbmò` `ovmoel`tf Lstrftlcmf Zrm`bmpmos dl ef fbbmò` `ovmoel`tf Fbtmvmdfd; Lsqulaf
42 44 44 4< 47
Gorafaos pfrtl dl u`f Bueturf dl Zfz Fbtmvmdfd dl M`vlstmcfbmò`
43 43
4
Mcufedfd fd 3. Le Rl`tmdo dl ef Mcufed LKL TLAF FZXL@DM[FKL LRZLXFDO
Rl`tmdo dl plrtl`l`bmf y vfeorfbmò` dl ef dmvlrsmdfd Wfeorfbmò` dl ef dmvlrsmdfd, `o dmsbrmam`fbmò` l m`tlrbueturfemdfd Wfeorf ef mcufedfd boao u` dlrlbno nuaf`o qul m`beuyl m `beuyl le rlsplto f dmstm`tfs gorafs dl slr, pl`sfr y lxprlsfrsl y rlbo`obl su vmcl`bmf l` le pfás y le au`do
Zfrf laplzfr
Bo`tlstf eo smcuml`tl;
¿Vuí ls ef Mcufedfd? ___________________________ __________________ __________________ _________________ ______________ ______ __________________ __________ _________________ __________________ _________________ ______________ ______ __________________ __________ _________________ __________________ _________________ ______________ ______ __________________ __________ _________________ __________________ _________________ ______________ ______ __________________ __________ _________________ __________________ _________________ ______________ ______ __________________ __________ _________________ ___________________ _________________ _____________ ______
FBTMWMDFD DL XLRZ\LRTF EMHXL ZFXF LE FE\A@O
Frcual`tf l` tu bufdlr`o sm lstæs o `o dl fbulrdo rlglrl`tl f efs smcuml`tls prlcu`tfs; 6. Ef mcufedfd ls sòeo u`f tloráf porqul l` ef e f præbtmbf `o lxmstl 8. Zfrf slr mcufels, ls `lblsfrmo qul rl`u`bmlaos f eo qul `os nfbl dmglrl`tls f ef afyoráf. 2. L` Aíxmbo, todos soaos mcufels porqul fsá eo lstfhelbl ef Bo`stmtubmò` Zoeátmbf
Rlr mcufels l` sobmldfdls dmvlrsfs
¿Zor quí ef Dmvlrsmdfd tml`l bfrfbtlrástmbfs gu`dfal`tfels? _____________________________ ___________________ ____________________ ___________________ ____________ ___ ___________________ __________ ___________________ ____________________ ___________________ ____________ ___ ___________________ __________ ___________________ ____________________ ___________________ ____________ ___ ___________________ __________ ___________________ ___________________ _________________ _____________ _____ ___________________ __________ ___________________ ____________________ ___________________ ____________ ___ ___________________ __________ ___________________ ____________________ ___________________ ____________ ___ ___________________ __________ ___________________ ____________________ ___________________ ____________ ___ ___________________ __________ ___________________ ____________________ ___________________ ____________ ___ ____________________ __________ ___________________ __________________ _________________ _____________ _____ ___________________ __________ ___________________ ____________________ ___________________ ____________ ___ ___________________ __________ ___________________ ____________________ ___________________ ____________ ___ ___________________ __________ ___________________ ____________________ ___________________ ____________ ___ ___________________ __________ ___________________ ____________________ ___________________ ____________ ___ ____________________ __________ ___________________ __________________ _________________ _____________ _____ <
¿Buæe ls ef dmglrl`bmf l`trl dmvlrsmdfd y dlsmcufedfd?
___________________________ __________________ ___________________ _______________ _____ __________________ __________ _________________ ___________________ _______________ _____ __________________ __________ _________________ ___________________ _______________ _____ __________________ __________ _________________ ___________________ _______________ _____ __________________ __________ _________________ ___________________ _______________ _____ __________________ __________ _________________ ___________________ _______________ _____ __________________ __________ __________________ ____________________ ______________ ____ __________________ __________ _________________ ___________________ _______________ _____ __________________ __________ _________________ ___________________ _______________ _____ __________________ __________ _________________ ___________________ _______________ _____ __________________ __________ _________________ ___________________ _______________ _____ __________________ __________ _________________ ___________________ _______________ _____ ___________________ __________ ___________________ ____________________ _____________ ___ __________________ __________ _________________ ___________________ _______________ _____ __________________ __________ _________________ ___________________ _______________ _____ __________________ __________ _________________ ___________________ _______________ _____ __________________ __________ _________________ ___________________ _______________ _____ __________________ __________ _________________ ___________________ _______________ _____
Boapeltf le smcuml`tl Lsqulaf qul nfhef dl ef dmvlrsmdfd bueturfe y em`cõástmbf pæc. 6< •El`cufs;
•Brll`bmfs, Buetos;
•Wmvmr bo`
dmsbfpfbmdfd
•Zulheos m`dácl`fs;
7
¿Vuí l`tml`dls por af`mgmlsto dl ef kuvl`tud? k uvl`tud? _____________________________ ___________________ ___________________ _________________ _________ _ _____________________ __________ _____________________ ___________________ ________________ _______ ___________________ __________ ___________________ ___________________ _________________ _________ _ ___________________ __________ ___________________ ___________________ _________________ _________ _ ___________________ __________ ___________________ ___________________ _________________ _________ _
FBTMWMDFD DL XLRZ\LRTF EMHXL ZFXF LE FE\A@O
Al`bmo`f le porbl`tfkl dl pohefbmò` dl 6> föos y aæs qul opm`f qul l` le pfás sl rlspltf` pobo o `fdf eos dlrlbnos dl dmstm`tos crupos dl pohefbmò`.
befsmgmbfbmò` dl plrso`fs plrso`fs
ZLXRO@FR TXF@R
TXFHFKFDOXFR DLE NOCFX XLA\@LXFDFR
ZLXRO@FR CF]R O ELRHMF@FR
ZLXRO@FR BO@ DMRBFZFBMDFD
porbl`tfkls porbl`tfkls
ZLXRO@FR M@DÁCL@FR
ZLXRO@FR AF]OXLR
3
FBTMWMDFD DL XLRZ\LRTF EMHXL ZFXF LE FE\A@O Lefhorfræs u` af`mgmlsto l` tu bufdlr`o l` le qul propo`cfs fetlr`ftmvfs pfrf suplrfr ef dmsbrmam`fbmò` l` le bfso qul sl al`bmo`f. f) Efs `lblsmdfdls y dlrlbnos dl eos m`voeubrfdos. ¿Buæels brll` qul so` efs rfzo`ls pfrf `o dmsbrmam`fr f lstos crupos? h) Zroburfr ef mcufedfd l` dmc`mdfd y dlrlbnos. ¿quí nfráf` ustldls pfrf lvmtfr lsf dmsbrmam`fbmò`? F u`f boau`mdfd dl ef gro`tlrf sur dl Aíxmbo nf eelcfdo u` crupo `ualroso dl amcrf`tls qul provml`l` dl Bl`trofaírmbf. Wm`mlro` l` bfrfvf`f bo` ef mdlf dl slcumr su bfam`o nfbmf lstfdos \`mdos. Aubnos dl leeos nf` dlbmdmdo qul `o voevlræ` f sus pfásls porqul fná els lsplrf` pohrlzf, le tlaor f ef vmoel`bmf y pobfs oportu`mdfdls pfrf alkorfr sus vmdfs. Eos nfhmtf`tls dl lstf boau`mdfd tml`l` sl`tmaml`tos l`bo`trfdos. Rm hml` sfhl` qul eos amcrf`tls lstæ` `lblsmtfdos y sugrl`, els prlobupf, por lklapeo, qul vfrmos dl leeos tml`l` u`f rlemcmò` qul els rlsuetf lxtrföf (eos nf` vmsto rlfemzfr blrlao`mfs qul `o l`tml`dl`) l m`beuso qul su boamdf ls dmstm`tf. Rl prlcu`tf` quí subldlræ sm sl quldf` aæs tmlapo y bòao su lstf`bmf fglbtfræ ef vmdf y efs bostuahrls dl ef boau`mdfd. \` crupo dl nfhmtf`tls m`qumltos sl nf rlu`mdo pfrf nfhefr dle tlaf y vfeorfr eo qul el bo`vml`l nfblr; rlbnfzfreos y pldmr f efs futormdfdls qul eos rltmrl, o fblptfreos y dlkfr qul goral` pfrtl dl ef boau`mdfd. Zor eo tf`to, sl l`bul`trf` l` u` dmelaf.
¿Vuí
subldl l` Aíxmbo y l` le au`do? F`æemsms brátmbo dl `ulstro l`tor`o Bo`tlstf eo smcuml`tl;
¿Vuí mapembf boaproaltlrsl bo` le dlrlbno dl Mcufedfd? ___________________________ __________________ ___________________ _________________ __________ ___ __________________ __________ _________________ ___________________ _________________ __________ ___ __________________ __________ _________________ ___________________ _________________ __________ ___ __________________ __________ _________________ ___________________ _________________ __________ ___ __________________ __________ _________________ ___________________ _________________ __________ ___ __________________ __________ __________________ ___________________ _________________ __________ __ __________________ __________ _________________ ___________________ _________________ __________ ___ __________________ __________ _________________ ___________________ _________________ __________ ___ __________________ __________ _________________ ___________________ _________________ __________ ___ __________________ __________ _________________ ___________________ _________________ __________ ___ __________________ __________ ___________________ ____________________ __________________ _________ __________________ __________ _________________ ___________________ _________________ __________ ___ >
¿Buæe ls le boaproamso qul tl`laos boao sobmldfd pfrf qul lxmstf mcufedfd? ____________________________ __________________ ___________________ ________________ _______ __________________ __________ __________________ ___________________ ________________ _______ __________________ __________ __________________ ___________________ ________________ _______ __________________ __________ __________________ ___________________ ________________ _______ __________________ __________ __________________ ___________________ ________________ _______ __________________ __________ __________________ _____________________ ________________ _____ __________________ __________ __________________ ___________________ ________________ _______
¿F qul lstæ ohemcfdo le cohmlr`o pfrf qul lstos dlrlbnos sl buapef`?
____________________________ __________________ ___________________ ________________ _______ __________________ __________ __________________ ___________________ ________________ _______ __________________ __________ __________________ ___________________ ________________ _______ ___________________ __________ __________________ ___________________ ________________ ______ __________________ __________ __________________ ___________________ ________________ _______ __________________ __________ __________________ ___________________ ________________ _______ __________________ __________ __________________ ___________________ ________________ _______ __________________ __________ __________________ ___________________ ________________ _______ __________________ __________ __________________ ___________________ ________________ _______ __________________ __________ __________________ ___________________ ________________ _______
¿Vuí ls ef Mcufedfd Rustf`tmvf? _____________________________ ___________________ ___________________ _______________ ______ ___________________ __________ ___________________ ___________________ _______________ ______ ___________________ __________ ___________________ ___________________ _______________ ______ ___________________ __________ ___________________ ___________________ _______________ ______ ___________________ __________ ___________________ ___________________ _______________ ______ _____________________ __________ _____________________ ___________________ _____________ ____ ___________________ __________ ___________________ ___________________ _______________ ______ ___________________ __________ ___________________ ___________________ _______________ ______ ___________________ __________ ___________________ ___________________ _______________ ______ _____________________________ ___________________ ___________________ _______________ ______ ___________________ __________ ___________________ ___________________ _______________ ______ ____________________ __________ ___________________ __________________ _______________ ______ ___________________ __________ ___________________ ___________________ _______________ ______ ___________________ __________ ___________________ ___________________ _______________ ______
=
FBTMWMDFD DL XLRZ\LRTF EMHXL ZFXF LE FE\A@O Dl fbulrdo f ef m`gorafbmò` qul sl aulstrf bo`tlstfræs l` tu bufdlr`o efs smcuml`tls prlcu`tfs; ¿Vuí dmglrl`bmfs `otf` l` eos dlrlbnos qul tml`l` noahrls y auklrls? ¿Zlrbmhl` fecu`f dmglrl`bmf dmglrl`bmf l`trl eos slrvmbmos dl sfeud qul nfháf nfbl 8: föos y eos dl fnorf? ¿Zor quí? ¿Vuí bfahmos nf` plrbmhmdo l` efs posmhmemdfdls qul nfy pfrf ldubfrsl? Eos aovmaml`tos f gfvor dl eos dlrlbnos dl efs auklrls, nf` smdo bfusf dl bo`trovlrsmf dlsdl le m`mbmo dl ef nmstormf, sml`do `fdml aæs qul leefs, f efs qul els nf tobfdo dlgl`dlr bo` uöfs, dml`tls y nfstf bo` ef vmdf su eucfr l` le au`do, l` ef sobmldfd, le rlbo`obmaml`to dl eos dlrlbnos hæsmbos y lelal`tfels fsá boao por tl`lr u` trfto dmc`o, kusto l mcufemtfrmo. Dlscrfbmfdfal`tl, Dlscrfbmfdfa l`tl, f lstfs feturfs dl ef vmdf efs auklrls smcul` sml`do fal`fzfdfs y al`osprlbmfdfs por eo qul smcul sml`do prmormtfrmo fezfr ef voz, tfe y boao eo nf` nlbno dlsdl nfbl trls smceos l` eos qul nf` fhmlrto hrlbnf y eocrfdo plqulöos fvf`bls. Ef dlbefrfbmò` dl eos dlrlbnos dl ef Auklr, `o nuhmlrf smdo posmhel sm` u` crupo dl auklrls qul lxmcmò y eubnò por slr rlbo`obmdfs bo` efs amsafs emhlrtfdls y dlrlbnos qul eos noahrls l` 63=6, rlsuetf`do l` fqule l`to`bls u` lsbæ`dfeo aorfe y bmvme. Rm` lahfrco, eo eocrfráf` dos föos dlspuís, buf`do Afry Soeesto`lbrfgt puhembò u` af`mgmlsto, rlbefaf`do m`beusmò` dl efs auklrls dl`tro dl ef sobmldfd bmvme Zfrf 6>4>, ef rlvoeubmò` mdloeòcmbf sohrl eos dlrlbnos dl ef auklr, pfsaò f aæs dl u`o y fu` fsá, sl eocrò blelhrfr ef prmalrf bo`vl`bmò` pfrf ef mcufedfd dl dlrlbnos, do`dl `o soeo sl lxmcáf ef m`beusmò` glal`m`f, sm`o tfahmí` ef fhoembmò` dl ef lsbefvmtud. ] Aml`trfs eos noahrls podáf` votfr emhrlal`tl, f efs auklrls els bostò aæs dl 2: föos dl eubnf pfrf febf`zfr lstl dlrlbno, sml`do @ulvf [lef`df, le prmalr pfás l` le au`do do`dl efs auklrls podáf` votfr l` mcufe dl bo`dmbmo`ls. Zlro gul nfstf 6=6>, buf`do le amsao dlrlbno sl bo`bldmò l` Xlm`o \`mdo, l` 6=2>, l` Lspföf y 6=. Zroaovlr ef mcufedfd dl cí`lro LKL TLAF FZXL@DM[FKL
Rl`tmdo dl plrtl`l`bmf y vfeorfbmò` dl ef dmvlrsmdfd Mcufedfd y plrsplbtmvf dl cí`lro Zroaulvl ef mcufedfd dl cí`lro l` sus rlefbmo`ls botmdmf`fs y eo
LRZLXFDO
m`tlcrf boao brmtlrmo pfrf vfeorfr otros lspfbmos
Zfrf laplzfr
¿Dl quí af`lrf podlaos proaovlr ef mcufedfd dl cí`lro? _____________________________ ____________________ __________________ _________________ _____________ _____ ____________________ __________ ___________________ __________________ _________________ _____________ _____ ____________________ __________ ___________________ __________________ _________________ _____________ _____ ____________________ __________ ___________________ __________________ _________________ _____________ _____ ____________________ __________ ___________________ __________________ _________________ _____________ _____ ____________________ __________ ___________________ __________________ _________________ _____________ _____ ____________________ __________ ___________________ __________________ _________________ _____________ _____
FBTMWMDFD DL XLRZ\LRTF EMHXL ZFXF LE FE\A@O Xlfemzf tus rlspulstfs l` tu bufdlr`o. 6. Le fprl`dmzfkl prm`bmpfe ls proaovlr ef mcufedfd dl cí`lro; ¿quí smc`mgmbf pfrf tm proaovlr? Zml`sf bo` quí otrfs pfefhrfs ef fsobmfráfs y df fecu`os lklapeos.
Ef mcufedfd dl cí`lro; u` fsu`to dl podlr ¿Zor quí lxmstl u` dlslqumemhrmo l` efs rlefbmo`ls dl cí`lro?
8. ¿ Vuí bsahmos nfráfs l` tu gfamemf o l` ef lsbulef pfrf prfbtmbfr ef mcufedfd dl cí`lro? Zml`sf l` u` lklapeo bo`brlto. 2. 2. Rm tl rlu`mlrfs bo` tus famcos pfrf peftmbfr l` bo`gmf`zf sohrl ef goraf l` qul vmvl` (o `o) ef mcufedfd dl cí`lro boao fdoelsbl`tls, ¿quí tlaf tl custfráf trftfr? Bo`smdlrf eo qul nfs vmvmdo, eo qul nfs vmsto l` tu l`tor`o o eos prohelafs dl eos qul bfsm `fdml nfhef, fu` buf`do so` maportf`tls.
____________________________ ___________________ __________ _ ___________________ __________ __________________ __________ _ ___________________ __________ ___________________ __________ ___________________ __________ __________________ __________ _ ___________________ __________ __________________ __________ _ ___________________ __________ __________________ __________ _ ___________________ __________ __________________ __________ _ ____________________________ ___________________ __________ _ 68
FBTMWMDFD DL XLRZ\LRTF EMHXL ZFXF LE FE\A@O L` efs rlefbmo`ls dl cí`lro, tfahmí` lxmstl dlslqumemhrmo dl podlr buf`do sl emamtf` o sl `mlcf` dlrlbnos, o sl mapo`l` gorafs dl slr o dl fbtufr u`f plrso`f o crupo sòeo por su slxo dl `fbmaml`to o por ef goraf qul vmvl su mdl`tmdfd dl cí`lro.
Lstæs dl fbulrdo sm, `o y ¿Zor quí? Dlhls
boaportfrtl___________________ __________ ____________________ __________________ _________________ _________________ ___________________ __________________ _________________ _________________ ________ boao sl ____________________ __________ ___________________ __________________ _________________ _________________ ___________________ __________________ _________________ _________________ ________ fbostuahrf qul ____________________ __________ ___________________ __________________ _________________ _________________ ___________________ __________________ ______________________ _________________ ___ eo nfcf u`f bnmbf ____________________ __________ __________________ _________________ _________________ ___________________ __________________ _________________ _________________ ________ o u` bnmbo ___________________ ____________________ __________ ___________________ __________________ _________________ _________________ ___________________ __________________ _________________ _________________ ________
Lstæs dl fbulrdo sm, `o y ¿Zor quí? @o puldls lelcmr bmlrtf proglsmò` __________ ___________________ ___________________ ____________________ ___________________ __________________ _________________ _________________ ___________________ ________________ ______ porqul sl pml`sf ___________________ __________ ___________________ ____________________ ___________________ __________________ _________________ _________________ ___________________ ________________ ______ qul sòeo ls pfrf ___________________ __________ ___________________ ____________________ ___________________ __________________ _________________ _________________ ______________________ ________________ ___ bnmbfs o bnmbos ___________________ __________ ___________________ ____________________ ___________________ __________________ _________________ _________________ ___________________ ________________ ______
Lstæs dl fbulrdo sm, `o y ¿Zor quí? Tml`ls qul fblptfr le roe qul tl___________________ tobf ____________________ __________ __________________ __________________ __________________ __________________ _________________ __________________ _________________ _______ boao bnmbf o bnmbo ___________________ __________ __________________ ___________________ ___________________ ___________________ __________________ _________________ __________________ ________________ _______ dl`tro dl u`f ___________________ __________ __________________ ___________________ ___________________ ___________________ __________________ _________________ __________________ ________________ _______ rlefbmò` dl pfrlkf
___________________ __________ ___________________ ____________________ ___________________ __________________ _________________ __________________ ___________________ _______________ ______
@o puldls Lstæs dl fbulrdo sm, `o y ¿Zor ¿Zor quí? vlstmrtl dl bmlrtf ___________________ _________ ________ __________________ _________________ _________________ ___________________ ___________________ ____________________ __________________ ________ __________ goraf porqul `o ___________________ __________ __________________ ___________________ ___________________ ___________________ __________________ _________________ __________________ _________________ ________ lstæ hml` vmsto pfrf u`f bnmbf o ___________________ __________ __________________ ___________________ ___________________ ___________________ _____________________ ____________________ ___________________ ______________ ____ u` bnmbo
___________________ __________ __________________ ___________________ ___________________ ___________________ __________________ _________________ __________________ _________________ ________
Lstæs dl fbulrdo sm, `o ¿Zor quí? Tml`ls qul rlfemzfr
__________ ___________________ __________________ ___________________ ___________________ ___________________ __________________ _________________ __________________ ________________ _______ tfrlfs qul nfhmtufeal`tl ___________________ __________ __________________ ___________________ ___________________ ___________________ __________________ _________________ __________________ ________________ _______ nfbl` quml`ls so` ___________________ __________ __________________ ___________________ ___________________ ___________________ __________________ _________________ ______________________ ________________ ___ dl tu amsao__________________ slxo ___________________ __________ ___________________ ___________________ ___________________ __________________ _________________ __________________ ________________ _______
62
Lstæs dl fbulrdo sm, `o ¿Zor quí?
@o dlhls opm`fr sohrl u` tlaf___________________ ____________________ __________ __________________ _________________ _________________ ___________________ __________________ _________________ __________________ _________ por slr u`f ____________________ __________ ___________________ __________________ _________________ _________________ ___________________ __________________ _________________ __________________ _________ bnmbf o u` bnmbo
____________________ __________ ___________________ __________________ _________________ _________________ ___________________ __________________ _________________ __________________ _________
¿Dl dò`dl provml`l` lstæs emamtfbmo`ls o maposmbmo`ls l` do`dl sl emamtf` o sl `mlcf` eos dlrlbnos l` ef mcufedfd dl cí`lro?
FBTMWMDFD DL XLRZ\LRTF EMHXL ZFXF LE FE\A@O
_____________________________ ___________________ ___________________ _______________ ______ ___________________ __________ ___________________ ___________________ _______________ ______ ___________________ __________ ___________________ ___________________ _______________ ______ ___________________ __________ ___________________ ___________________ _______________ ______ ___________________ __________ ___________________ ___________________ _______________ ______ _____________________ __________ ___________________ _________________ _______________ ______ ___________________ __________ ___________________ ___________________ _______________ ______ ___________________ __________ ___________________ ___________________ _______________ ______ ___________________ __________ ___________________ ___________________ _______________ ______ ___________________ __________ ___________________ ___________________ _______________ ______
Bo`tlstf eo qul sl pmdl l` ef smcuml`tl tfhef, y
_____________________________ ___________________ ___________________ _______________ ______ _____________________ ___________ ___________________ ___________________ ______________ ____
bo`tlstf efs prlcu`tfs l` tu bufdlr`o dl ef Zæc. 87 dl tu emhro dl tlxto.
Dl fbulrdo L` dlsfbulrdo L` u`f rlefbmò` dl pfrlkf o dl aftrmao`mo, ls maportf`tl qul eos noahrls tl`cf` aæs futormdfd pfrf qul nfyf ordl` l` ef gfamemf. Efs auklrls tml`l` dlrlbno f pfrtmbmpfr l` ef poeátmbf (por lklapeo, slr dmputfdfs o prlsmdl`tfs au`mbmpfels), smlaprl y buf`do `o fglbtl su efhor boao afdrls o lsposfs. Ls `orafe qul efs plrso`fs sl aoelstl` o m`boaodl` buf`do vl` f u`f pfrlkf dle amsao slxo toafdf dl ef af`o. Auklrls y noahrls dlhl` plrbmhmr le amsao suledo sm rlfemzf` efs amsafs fbtmvmdfdls \`f auklr puldl lklrblr su dlrlbno f @o tl`lr nmkos sm fsá eo dlslf.
64
Le cí`lro; u` brmtlrmo pfrf vfeorfr `ulstro au`do FBTMWMDFD DL XLRZ\LRTF EMHXL ZFXF LE FE\A@O Dl fbulrdo fe fe LRV\LAF qul f bo`tm`ufbmò` bo`tm`ufbmò` sl prlsl`tf, lsbrmhmræs efs bfrfbtlrástmbfs bfrfbtlrástmbfs prm`bmpfels dl ef pæc. 83 dl tu emhro dl tlxto y lsbrmhmræs tus rlspulstfs l` tu bufdlr`o dl bfdf u`f dl efs prlcu`tfs fná al`bmo`fdfs.
Dlsplrtfr tu sl`smhmemdfd y lapftáf ______________________ ______________________ ______________________ ________ ______________ ______________________ ________ ______________ ______________________ ________ ______________ ______________________ ________ ______________ ______________________ ________ ______________ ______________________ ________ ______________ ______________________ ________ ______________ ______________________ ________ ______________ ______________________ ________ ______________ ______________________ ________ ______________ ______________________ ________ ______________ ______________________ ________ ______________ ______________________ ________ ______________ ______________________ ________ ______________ ______________________ ________ ______________ ______________________ ________ ______________ ______________________ ________ ______________ ______________________ ________ ______________ ______________________ ________ ______________ ______________________ ________ ______________ ______________________ ________ ______________ ______________________ ________ ______________ ______________________ ________ ______________
M`gorafrtl
Bulstmo`frtl
______________________ ______________________ ______________________ _______ _______________ ______________________ _______ _______________ ______________________ _______ _______________ ______________________ _______ _______________ ______________________ _______ _______________ ______________________ _______ _______________ ______________________ _______ _______________ ______________________ _______ _______________ ______________________ _______ _______________ ______________________ _______ _______________ ______________________ _______ _______________ ______________________ _______ _______________ ______________________ _______ _______________ ______________________ _______ _______________ ______________________ _______ _______________ ______________________ _______ _______________ ______________________ _______ _______________ ______________________ _______ _______________ ______________________ _______ _______________ ______________________ _______ _______________ ______________________ _______ _______________ ______________________ _______ _______________ ______________________ _______ _______________ ______________________ _______ _______________
______________________ ________ ______________ ______________________ ______________________ ______________________ ________ ______________ ______________________ ________ ______________ ______________________ ________ ______________ ______________________ ________ ______________ ______________________ ________ ______________ ______________________ ________ ______________ ______________________ ________ ______________ ______________________ ________ ______________ ______________________ ________ ______________ ______________________ ________ ______________ ______________________ ________ ______________ ______________________ ________ ______________ ______________________ ________ ______________ ______________________ ________ ______________ ______________________ ________ ______________ ______________________ ________ ______________ ______________________ ________ ______________ ______________________ ________ ______________ ______________________ ________ ______________ ______________________ ________ ______________ ______________________ ________ ______________ ______________________ ________ ______________ ______________________ ________ ______________ 6<
Rlr sl`smhels y rlbo`oblr ef vmoel`bmf ¿Vuí ls ef vmoel`bmf? _____________________________ ___________________ _________________ _______ ___________________ __________ ___________________ _________________ _______ ___________________ __________ ___________________ _________________ _______ ___________________ __________ ___________________ _________________ _______
FBTMWMDFD DL XLRZ\LRTF EMHXL ZFXF LE FE\A@O Bo`tlstfræs l` tu bufdlr`o efs prlcu`tfs dl ef Zæc. 8= dl tu emhro dl tl tlxto xto rlefbmo`fdo fe
_____________________________ ___________________ _________________ _______ ___________________ __________ ___________________ _________________ _______ ___________________ __________ ___________________ _________________ _______ ___________________ __________ ___________________ _________________ _______ ___________________ __________ ___________________ _________________ _______ ___________________ __________ ___________________ _________________ _______ ___________________ __________ ___________________ _________________ _______ ___________________ __________ ___________________ _________________ _______ ___________________ __________ ___________________ _________________ _______ ___________________ __________ ___________________ _________________ _______ ___________________ __________ ___________________ _________________ _______ ___________________ __________ ___________________ _________________ _______ ___________________ __________ ___________________ _________________ _______ ___________________ __________ ___________________ _________________ _______
―BFRO OEMAZMF‑
Bfso Zræbtmbo
Oemapmf Borfe Aleo, tl`áf 6> föos y u`f pfrlkf lstfhel. Fbbldmò f crfhfr u` vmdlo á`tmao bo` su `ovmo, soeo pfrf leeos, plro le vmdlo gul suhmdo f rldls sobmfels sm` su bo`sl`tmaml`to. Leef lrf lstudmf`tl dlstfbfdf qul pfrtmbmpfhf l` bo`bursos dl orftormf. Todo sl vm`o fhfko dlspuís dl qul le vmdlo laplzò f bmrbuefr l` rldls. L`to`bls boal`zò le fboso; plrso`fs f efs qul `o bo`obáf sl hurefhf` dl leef, ef brmtmbfhf` o nfbáf` boal`tfrmos nuameef`tls sohrl su bulrpo. Nuho quml` el pmdmò dm`lro pfrf hfkfr su mafcl` dl m`tlr`lt y nfstf rlbmhmò fal`fzfs. Oemapmf `o sfháf quí nfblr. Rl l`blrrò l` su bfsf y trls vlbls trftò dl qumtfrsl ef vmdf f`tls dl dlbmdmr eo qul gm`feal`tl nfráf….
Xlfemzfræs ef m`vls m`vlstmcfbmò` tmcfbmò` por aldmo dl M`tlr`lt lsbráhlef l` tu bufdlr`o.
¿Vuí
ls ef ely Oemapmf ? 67
Ef vmoel`bmf dmcmtfe ¿Vuí ls ef vmoel`bmf dmcmtfe? ____________________________ __________________ ___________________ _________________ ___________ ___ __________________ __________ __________________ ___________________ _________________ ___________ ___ __________________ __________ __________________ ___________________ _________________ ___________ ___ __________________ __________ __________________ ___________________ _________________ ___________ ___ ___________________ __________ ___________________ ___________________ _________________ __________ __ __________________ __________ __________________ ___________________ _________________ ___________ ___ ____________________________ __________________ ___________________ _________________ ___________ ___ __________________ __________ __________________ ___________________ _________________ ___________ ___ __________________ __________ __________________ ___________________ _________________ ___________ ___ __________________ __________ ___________________ ____________________ __________________ __________ _ __________________ __________ __________________ ___________________ _________________ ___________ ___
FBTMWMDFD DL XLRZ\LRTF EMHXL ZFXF LE FE\A@O Dl fbulrdo fe bfso qul sl tl nf prlsl`tfdo bo`tlstf eo smcuml`tl; ¿qul ls eo qul lstæ subldml`do?
¿tû lstfráfs
dmspulstf (o) l` nfblr eo qul sl al`bmo`f l` propo`lrtl u` `lcobmo? ¿F dò`dl rlburrmráfs pfrf dfrel soeubmò` f lstf smtufbmò`? ¿Vuí bo`slko el dfráfs f ef plros`f qul lstæ sml`do ohklto dl vmoel`bmf dmcmtfe?
__________________________ ____________ ____________________ ______ ____________________ ____________ ________________ ____________ ____ __________________________ ____________ ____________________ ______ __________________________ ____________ ____________________ ______ __________________________ ____________ ____________________ ______ __________________________ ____________ ____________________ ______ __________________________ ____________ ____________________ ______ __________________________ ____________ ____________________ ______ __________________________ ____________ ____________________ ______ ____________________ ____________ ________________ ____________ ____ __________________________ ____________ ____________________ ______ __________________________ ____________ ____________________ ______ ________________________________ __________________________ ______ __________________________ ____________ ____________________ ______ 63 __________________________ ____________ ____________________ ______
L`to`bls, ¿sl vfel o `o sl vfel qul am `ovmf y yo `os
F aá `o al custf` lsfs bosfs9 plro, sm ustldls eo nfbl`, `m`cu`o dl eos dos tl`dráf dlrlbno dl nuameefr o lxnmhmr f su pfrlkf por vl`cf`zf o por dmvlrsmò`
af`dlaos gotos slxms?
Zuls al pfrlbl qul dlbmdmreo ls pfrtl dl `ulstrf emhlrtfd, plro sfhlaos qul sm suhmaos feco f m`tlr`lt, `o podlaos bo`troefr eo qul otros nfcf`
Xlspo`dl dl ef Zæc. 2:efs dlprlcu`tfs tu emhro dl tlxto, lsbráhlefs l` tu bufdlr`o. @o sí… ]o brlo qul ls
u`f prulhf dl bo`gmf`zf l`trl ustldls boao pfrlkf. Fdlaæs, ¿quí pfsfráf sm u`o dl eos dos qumlrl, plro le otro `o?
6>
FBTMWMDFD DL XLRZ\LRTF EMHXL ZFXF LE FE\A@O Dl fbulrdo f ef tfhef qul sl aulstrf f bo`tm`ufbmò` rlspo rlspo`dl `dl eo qul sl pmdl
Rmtufbmo`ls;
Rl rlspltf ef
@o sl rlspltf ef
mcufedfd dlquí ? Cí`lro, Mcufedfd ¿Zor Cí`lro, ¿Zordlquí ? Lstæs bo` tus famcos y fe vlr pfsfr f u`f bnmbf bo` gfedf bortf leeos el nfbl` boal`tfrmos qul ef aoelstf`. L` tu lqumpo dlportmvo, `fdml el nfhef f u`f bnmbf porqul dmbl` qul sl vmstl y fbtûf boao noahrl. L` u`f rlu`mò` gfamemfr, fgmraf` qul ls auy afeo qul u`f dl tus táfs trfhfkl l` vlz dl lstfr bumdf`do f sus nmkos. Fe mr f u` burso l` tu mcelsmf, tl nfhef` dl eo maportf`tl qul ls ef voeu`tfd dle noahrl boao klgl dl gfamemf. Tû lrls vfrò` Fehlrto famco tuyo boal`tf qul sus táos el nf` dmbno qul buf`do su afaæ eo po`cf f emapmfr su bufrto `o eo nfcf, qul lsf fbtmvmdfd el borrlspo`dl f su nlraf`f Afrmslef por slr auklr. Zor sortlo l`trò u` bnmbo bo` bmlrtf tl`dl`bmf cfy f tu lqumpo dl efhorftormo. Tus boapfölros `o lstæ` dl fbulrdo y el pmdl` fe Aflstro qul eo bfahml dl f otro lqumpo. 6=
Le glam`mbmdmo l` Aíxmbo ¿Vuí ls ef Wmoel`bmf dl Cí`lro? _____________________________ ___________________ ____________________ ________________ ______ ___________________ __________ ___________________ ____________________ ________________ ______ ___________________ __________ ___________________ ____________________ ________________ ______ ___________________ __________ ___________________ ____________________ ________________ ______ ___________________ __________ ___________________ ____________________ ________________ ______
¿Vuí ls le Glam`mbmdmo? _____________________________ ___________________ ____________________ ________________ ______ ___________________ __________ ___________________ ____________________ ________________ ______ ___________________ __________ ___________________ ____________________ ________________ ______ ___________________ __________ ___________________ ____________________ ________________ ______ ___________________ __________ ___________________ ____________________ ________________ ______ ___________________ __________ ___________________ _____________________ ________________ _____ ___________________ __________ ___________________ ____________________ ________________ ______ ___________________ __________ ___________________ ____________________ ________________ ______
¿Zor quí Aíxmbo vf l` fual`to bo` le á`dmbl dl glam`mbmdmos? _____________________________ ___________________ ____________________ ________________ ______ ___________________ __________ ___________________ ____________________ ________________ ______ ___________________ __________ ___________________ ____________________ ________________ ______ ___________________ __________ ___________________ ____________________ ________________ ______ ___________________ __________ ___________________ ____________________ ________________ ______ ___________________ __________ ___________________ ____________________ ________________ ______ ___________________ __________ ___________________ ____________________ ________________ ______ ___________________ __________ ___________________ _____________________ ________________ _____ ___________________ __________ ___________________ ____________________ ________________ ______ ___________________ __________ ___________________ ____________________ ________________ ______ ___________________ __________ ___________________ ____________________ ________________ ______ ___________________ __________ ___________________ ____________________ ________________ ______ ___________________ __________ ___________________ ____________________ ________________ ______
8:
Bfso Zræbtmbo Am nlraf`f ^mal`f l` do`dl do`dl leef trfhfkf tml`l u`f famcf qul sl eefaf Zfalef, fylr l` ef bl`f `os boal`tò am nlraf`f qul qul nfbl u`f slaf`f nfháf eelcò Zfalef auy auy coeplfdf dl eef f bfrf, qul m`beusmvl trfáf pulstos pulstos u`os el`tls ohsburos pfrf qul `o sl el vmlrf` eos okos m`gefafdos y bo` aorlto`ls, fdlaæs trfáf l` su lspfedf fzotls dl coepls auy gulrtls l` do`dl ef pmle sl vláf fcrmltfdf, bortfdf qul nfstf ef ropf dl su u`mgoral sl el nfháf af`bnfdo dl sf`crl. Xæpmdfal`tl am nlraf`f el dmko qul sm ef podráf fyudfr l` feco, qul quml` el nfháf nlbno lsf tfe sfevfkfdf, y Zfalef el boal`tò qul qul nfháf smdo su `ovmo. Am nlraf`f m`dmc`fdf m`dmc`fdf el dmko qul bòao lrf posmhel qul qul `o nmbmlrf `fdf y qul toelrfrf qul ef trftfrf fsá, qul eo dl`u`bmfrf, y Zfalef el bo`tlstò qul ef tl`áf fal`fzfdf, qul sm eo dl`u`bmfhf ef mhf f aftfr, y qul tfahmí` `o eo dl`u`bmfhf porqul porqul eo fafhf aubno y `o eo qulráf plrdlr. Am nlraf`f el prlcu`tò ¿Zor quí quí tl nmzo lsto? ] el bo`tlstò Zfalef, porqul f ef sfemdf dle dle trfhfko vmo buf`do `ulstro boapfölro dl trfhfko `os nfháf m`vmtfdo m`vmtfdo u` nlefdo ¿eo rlbulrdfs? Am nlraf`f nlraf`f el dmko; sm befro, `os m`vmtò m`vmtò u` nlefdo Fcustá` f Bfroem`f, f tm y f aá. Zuls por lso al coeplò porqul al dmko. Vul lrf u`f bufequmlrf, qul lstfhf boqultlf`do bo` íe y al dmko qul sm voeváf vlral ku`to ku`to bo` le al mráf plor. Am nlraf`f ^mal`f el dmko sfhls qul Zfalef vfaos f peftmbfr bo` `ulstro Klgl fnormtf pfrf qul íe slpf eo qul lstæs pfsf`do y íe `os fboapföl f ef Gmsbfeáf f po`lr u`f dl`u`bmf f lstl tmpo. O le Fhocfdo dle ærlf kurádmbf dl ef laprlsf `os puldf tfahmí` fboapföfr y eelvls u` dlgl`sor. Zlro Zfalef el dmko qul `o, m`beusmvl nfstf sl l`okò bo` am nlraf`f ^mal`f. Am nlraf`f el dmko; Zfalef ¡`o puldl slr Vul el plramtfs f tu `ovmo coepls, afetrftos ogl`sfs, lsl tmpo tl vf aftfr dl`û`bmfeo! pfrf qul efs futormdfdls el po`cf` fecu`f rlstrmbbmò` y yf `o sl tl fblrqul, o sm custfs `o eelculs bo` íe yo tl fpoyo tl vfs f vmvmr f am bfsf nfstf qul efs futormdfdls nfcf` feco bo` lstl tmpo y tû puldfs lstfr aæs slcurf y protlcmdf pfrf qul íe `o tl puldf slcumr coeplf`do plro Zfalef `o eo nmzo. nmzo. Le dáf dl fylr Zfalef `o sl prlsl`tò f efhorfr, l` lsl aoal`to todos sus boapfölros dl trfhfko sl prlobupfro` porqul sfháf` por ef smtufbmò` qul qul lstfhf pfsf`do. El afrbfro` m`gm`md m`gm`mdfd fd dl vlbls f su bleuefr, plro kfaæs tuvmlro` rlspulstf dl leef. Nfstf le dáf dl noy gul l`bo`trfdf aulrtf l` u` tlrrl`o hfedáo f efs fgulrfs dl ef bmudfd. Ru bulrpo lstfhf dl`tro dl u`f bfkf dl bfrtò` y prlsl`tfhf afrbfs dl torturf, tl`áf bortls l` todo su bulrpo y u`f hoesf dl nuel l` su bfhlzf y sm` ropf. Am nlraf`f fe sfhlr dl ef `otmbmf `o eo podáf brllr, sl puso auy afe, y `os dmko qul sm Zfalef nuhmlrf nlbno bfso fu` lstfráf vmvf. Todos sus boapfölros boapfölros dl trfhfko lstfhf` l` snoi y bo`stlr`fdos por le brule fslsm`fto dl dl su famcf y boapfölrf Zfalef.
Bo`tlstf eo smcuml`tl l` tu bufdlr`o; ¿Brlls qul lstl Glam`mbmdmo sl nuhmlrf podmdo lvmtfr, sm, `o y por quí? ¿Tû vmvmráfs u`f smtufbmò` boao Zfalef qul ef pfrlkf ef e f tuvo smlaprl fal`fzfdf, y ístf kfaæs pmdmò fyudf? ¿Brlls qul sm tu pfrlkf tl Faf tl`cf le dlrlbno dl trftfrtl fsá? ZFALEF ¿Ls bmlrto qul le Faor eo plrdo`f todo? Rm tl vls l` ef smtufbmò` dl dl ^mal`f y Zfalef Zfalef ¿quí nfráfs? ¿Zor quí sl nf` boaltmdo boaltmdo dlafsmfdos Glam`mbmdmos Glam`mbmdmos l` Aíx Aíxmbo? mbo?
^MAL@F R\ ALKOX FAMCF
86
=. Le bo`gembto boao oportu`mdfd pfrf trf`sgorafr`os LKL TLAF FZXL@DM[FKL
Bo`vmvl`bmf pfbágmbf y soeubmò` dl bo`gembtos Gorafs dl nfblr grl`tl fe bo`gembto Wfeorf le bo`gembto boao oportu`mdfd pfrf qul plrso`fs, crupos o
LRZLXFDO
`fbmo`ls trf`sgoral` rlefbmo`ls `lcftmvfs o m`kustfs l` rlefbmo`ls qul els plramtf` bo`vmvmr l` u`f bueturf dl pfz.
FBTMWMDFD DL XLRZ\LRTF EMHXL ZFXF LE FE\A@O
Bo`tlstf l` tu bufdlr`o eo smcuml`tl; 6. 6. ¿ Vuí Tf`to tl mdl`tmgmbfs bo` ef grfsl‑ eos bo`gembtos so` eo bo`trfrmo f ef pfz9 por lso nfy qul lvmtfreos‑? 8. 8. ¿Nfhræ smtufbmo`ls l` efs qul ls hul`o dlkfr qul u` bo`gembto sl af`mgmlstl?, ¿o slræ alkor lvmtfr qul subldf? 2. ¿Vuí rlspo`dlráfs sm fecuml` tl dmklrf qul u`f
culrrf ls ―ef alkor goraf‑ dl rlsoevlr bo`gembtos
y smtufbmo`ls m`kustfs qul sl vmvl` l` ef sobmldfd?
88
Bfso præbtmbo F eos nfhmtf`tls dl sf` Glraá` sl els m`goraò qul dlhfko dlhfko dl su boau`mdfd l`bo`trfro` u` vfemoso dlpòsmto dl peftf. Nfy u`f laprlsf m`tlrlsfdf l` boaprfr eos tlrrl`os f eos dulöos, plro lsto smc`mgmbfráf qul todos dlhl` dl mrsl dl fná. L` efs bfeels sl nf` lsbubnfdo dmstm`tfs mdlfs. \`os opm`f` qul `o dlhl` dl fblptfr porqul mapembfráf dlsm`tlcrfr ef boau`mdfd y fhf`do`fr trfdmbmo`ls dl aubnos föos9 por lklapeo, `fdml podráf fsmstmr f ef gmlstf pftro`fe porqul lstfráf` husbf`do u` eucfr pfrf audfrsl. Fecu`os pml`sf` l` quml`ls `o so` dulöos dl eos eo s tlrrl`os, y sl prlcu`tf` f dò`dl mráf` y bo` quí dm`lro. Otros brll` qul slráf hul`o vl`dlr, puls le dm`lro els vl`dráf auy hml` f aubnos y alkorfráf` sus vmdfs, yf qul l` ef boau`mdfd nfy pobfs opbmo`ls dl trfhfko y ls prlglrmhel rlbmhmr eo qul sl ogrlbl por eos tlrrl`os qul hftfeefr bo` bfrl`bmfs. \`os aæs bo`smdlrf` qul `o vfel ef pl`f dmsbutmr fblrbf dl lstl fsu`to, puls nf` lsbubnfdo qul ef laprlsf qul qumlrl boaprfr ls podlrosf y efs futormdfdls fpoyf` ef vl`tf, dl aodo qul ls alkor mrsl sm` provobfr prohelafs. Zor su pfrtl, efs futormdfdls dl ef boau`mdfd nf` bo`vobfdo f u`f rlu`mò` pfrf nfhefr sohrl le tlaf y toafr dlbmsmo`ls.
Dl fbulrdo fe bfso qul fbfhf` dl ellr bo`tlstfræs efs prlcu`tfs l` tu bufdlr`o dl ef Zæc. 23 dl tu emhro dl tlxto
FBTMWMDFD DL XLRZ\LRTF EMHXL ZFXF LE FE\A@O Bo`tlstf eo qul sl pmdl l` le lsqulaf, dlhlræs fpoyfrtl bo` tu emhro dl tlxto pfrf dlgm`mr eos smcuml`tls bo`blptos.
¿Buæels so` eos dmstm`tos tmpos dl bo`gembtos qul lxmstl`? ___________________________ __________________ ___________________ _________________ _________________ ____________ __ __________________ __________ _________________ ___________________ _________________ _________________ ____________ __ __________________ __________ _________________ ___________________ _________________ _________________ ____________ __ __________________ __________ _________________ ___________________ _________________ _________________ ____________ __ __________________ __________ _________________ ____________________ ____________________ __________________ _________ __________________ __________ _________________ ___________________ _________________ _________________ ____________ __ __________________ __________ _________________ ___________________ _________________ _________________ ____________ __
¿Vuí ls le bo`gembto? _____________________ __________________ ___ _____________________ __________________ ___ _____________________ __________________ ___ _____________________ __________________ ___ _____________________ __________________ ___ _____________________ __________________ ___ _____________________ __________________ ___ _____________________ __________________ ___
¿Zfrf qul smrvl le dmæeoco? _____________________ __________________ ___ _____________________ __________________ ___ _____________________ __________________ ___ _____________________ __________________ ___ _____________________ __________________ ___ _____________________ __________________ ___ _____________________ __________________ ___
¿Vuí gu`bmò` tml`l le aldmfdor? _____________________ ___________________ __ _____________________ ___________________ __ _____________________ ___________________ __ _____________________ ___________________ __ _____________________ ___________________ __ _____________________ ___________________ __ _____________________ ___________________ __
__________________ _____________________ ___ _____________________ __________________ ___
_____________________ __________________ ___
_____________________ ___________________ __ 82
Vuí nfblr f`tl u` bo`gembto?
¿¿
FBTMWMDFD DL XLRZ\LRTF EMHXL ZFXF LE FE\A@O Dl fbulrdo fe smcuml`tl lsqulaf al`bmo`fræs efs gorafs qul lxmstl` dl l`grl`tfr u` bo`gembto
Boapltmr;
Boefhorfr/`lcobmfr;
Fboaodfrsl;
Lvfdmr; •
84
FBTMWMDFD DL XLRZ\LRTF EMHXL ZFXF LE FE\A@O Dl fbulrdo f eos smcuml`tls bfsos qul sl prlsl`tf` l` ef tfhef bo`tlstf eo qul sl pmdl;
fso
Goraf dl l`grl`tfr le bo`gembto
¿Zor
quí?
L` tu boau`mdfd nf` dlsfpfrlbmdo vfrmfs bnmbfs. Fe pfrlblr, els ogrlbl` trfhfko, plro `u`bf efs vulevl` f vlr. Eos vlbm`os nf` vmsto f quml`ls ogrlbl` eos lapelos, plro dmbl` qul `o qumlrl` altlrsl l` prohelafs y qul bfdf gfamemf bumdf f sus nmkfs L` fecu`fs bmudfdls dle pfás nf` oburrmdo ftfquls vmoel`tos f kòvl`ls noaoslxufels. Zrovml`l` dl plrso`fs qul bo`smdlrf` ogl`smvo vlr f pfrlkfs dle amsao slxo bfam`fr por ef bfeel toafdfs dl ef af`o. Nfy quml`ls pmdl` qul ef vmoel`bmf sl dltl`cf, plro otros opm`f` qul ls u`f goraf dl lvmtfr afeos lklapeos pfrf eos `möos L` am boau`mdfd dos vlbm`os ûetmafal`tl nf` tl`mdo prohelafs por u` bfeelkò`. Le slöor Kuf` qul vmvl l` ef pfrtl dl ftræs dmbl qul lsl bfeelkò` lstæ aæs plqulöo dl fbulrdo f efs aldmdfs aldmdfs qul aulstrf su tátueo dle soefr, qul el gfetf` 8 altros. Aml`trfs qul le slöor Kofquá` al`bmo`f qul le dlkò le bfeelkò` dl fbulrdo f efs aldmdfs qul borrlspo`dl` l` su tátueo dle soefr.
8<
eos dlrlbnos dl ef bmudfdf`áf
¿Zor quí sl dmbl qul eos bo`gembtos puldl` eelcfr f fglbtfr ef dmc`mdfd y eos dlrlbnos nuaf`os dl efs plrso`fs? _____________________________ ____________________ __________________ _________________ ___________ ___ ____________________ __________ ___________________ __________________ _________________ ___________ ___ ____________________ __________ ___________________ __________________ _________________ ___________ ___ ____________________ __________ ___________________ __________________ _________________ ___________ ___ ____________________ __________ ___________________ __________________ _________________ ___________ ___ _____________________ __________ ___________________ _________________ __________________ ___________ __ ____________________ __________ ___________________ __________________ _________________ ___________ ___ _____________________________ ____________________ __________________ _________________ ___________ ___
Lsttrftl mfs qul f udf` f bo bo``strumr ef pf Ls
FBTMWMDFD; Wfbáf ef m`gorafbmò` dl ef Zæc. 46 dl tu emhro dl tlxto l` le smcuml`tl lsqulaf
Lstrftlcmfs pfrf l`grl`tfr eos Bo`gembtos
87
FBTMWMDFD DL XLRZ\LRTF EMHXL ZFXF LE FE\A@O Ellræs le smcuml`tl bfso, y bo`tlstfræs eo qul sl prlcu`tf l` ef Zæc. 42 dl tu emhro dl tlxto
Nmbmlro` eæpmbls bo` froaf pfrf feua`f dmsam`umdf vmsufe Gul l` ef lsbulef Hrmcfdmlr Lstf`msefo Eòplz dl Efs Zltfbfs, Rf`tf Gl. Eos feua`os eos gfhrmbfro` pfrf qul su boapfölrf Bftfem`f pudmlrf mdl`tmgmbfr boeorls. Eos feua`os dl ef Lsbulef Aldmf @º223 Hrmcfdmlr Lstf`msefo Eòplz, dl Efs Zltfbfs, sl nmbmlro` u`f prlcu`tf f eo efrco dl todo le 8:6=; ¿Lxmstl u`f fetlr`ftmvf fe febf`bl dl eos rlbursos dl eos feua`os qul alkorl` ef bfemdfd lsboefr dl Bftfem`f? Bftfem`f ls u`f `möf dl smltl föos qul gul dmfc`ostmbfdf bo` cefuboaf y bftfrftfs nlrldmtfrmfs. Leef `o puldl vlr hml` y `o nfy `fdf l` le au`do qul el custl aæs qul pm`tfr. L`to`bls sus boapfölros boal`zfro` f mdlfr u` proylbto qul gm`feal`tl sl eefaò "Le froaf dl eos boeorls". b oeorls". Bo` am`fs lxtrfádfs dl eæpmbls do`fdos por le pulheo y pfple dl dmfrmo, eos bnmbos brlfro` u`f slrml slr ml dl 68 eæpmbls f eos qul els boeobfro` lsl`bmfs bo` oeorls qul rlprlsl`tfrf` le boeor dl bfdf b fdf u`o. Zrlvmo f gfhrmbfreos, eos propmos bnmbos l`trlvmstfro` f Bftfem`f y el prlcu`tfro` bo` quí froaf soeáf mdl`tmgmbfr f bfdf boeor; le rosf bo` bnmbel, le fafrmeeo bo` plrf, le afrrò` befro bo` feal`drfs y le `lcro bo` bnoboeftl. ] fsá bo` eos 68 boeorls qul el l`trlcfro`. "El nmbmaos u`f l`trlvmstf y el áhfaos prlcu`tf`do bo` quí boeor eo fsobmfhf. @os mafcm`æhfaos qul le roko slráf bo` ef grutmeef plro eo fsobmò bo` ef af`zf`f. Ru afaæ `os bo`tò qul ls porqul leef l eef boal aubnf af`zf`f. Leef eo fsobmf bo` su vmdf botmdmf`f", dmko f Bfdl`f 2 Msfáfs Cmueemf`m, u`o dl eos feua`os qul pfrtmbmpò dle proylbto. Le proylbto gul tf` lxmtoso qul eelcò f ef Glrmf dl Bml`bmfs Lurlif dl Rf`tf Gl y posmhelal`tl boapmtf` f `mvle `fbmo`fe. "Eo nmbmaos pfrf fyudfref f leef porqul el custf aubno pm`tfr y qulráfaos m`beumr y gfbmemtfr su trfhfko. El rlcfefaos u`f bfkf f leef y lstfráf hul`o qul otros eo nfcf` pfrf qul fyudl` f otros bnmbos", lxprlsò Wfel`tá` Ortlcf, otro dl eos bnmbos.
Bftfem`f 83
¿Vuí ls ef Fa`mstáf? ____________________________ ___________________ ___________________ _____________ ___ ___________________ __________ __________________ ___________________ _____________ ___ ___________________ __________ __________________ ___________________ _____________ ___ ___________________ __________ __________________ ___________________ _____________ ___ ___________________ __________ __________________ ___________________ _____________ ___ ___________________ __________ __________________ ___________________ _____________ ___ ____________________ __________ ___________________ __________________ ____________ ___ ___________________ __________ __________________ ___________________ _____________ ___ ____________________________ ___________________ ___________________ _____________ ___ ___________________ __________ __________________ ___________________ _____________ ___ ___________________ __________ __________________ ___________________ _____________ ___ ___________________ __________ __________________ ___________________ _____________ ___ ___________________ __________ ___________________ ___________________ ____________ ___ ___________________ __________ __________________ ___________________ _____________ ___ ___________________ __________ __________________ ___________________ _____________ ___ ___________________ __________ __________________ ___________________ _____________ ___ ___________________ __________ __________________ ___________________ _____________ ___ ___________________ __________ __________________ ___________________ _____________ ___ ___________________ __________ __________________ ____________________ _____________ __ ___________________ __________ __________________ ___________________ _____________ ___
FBTMWMDFD DL XLRZ\LRTF EMHXL ZFXF LE FE\A@O
___________________ __________ __________________ ___________________ _____________ ___ ____________________________ ___________________ ___________________ _____________ ___
Boapeltf eo qul sl pmdl l` l ` ef tfhef, dlhlræs fpoyfrtl bo` tu emhro dl tlxto.
Fetlr`ftmvfs pfrf trf`sgorafr `ulstro au`do f pfrtmr dl u` bo`gembto Bfahmo f`tl le Bo`gembto
Zo`lr`os l` le eucfr dl efs plrso`fs qul nf` smdo ohklto dl bo`gembtos
Lxplrml`bmf boal`tfdf por efs plrso`fs m`voeubrfdfs, qul f trfvís dl u` bo`gembto sl ohtml`l u` hl`lgmbmo l` ef Kustmbmf pfrf todos
@ulstrfs fbtmtudls;
Eo qul sfhlaos;
@ulstrf goraf dl bo`vmvmr y dl orcf`mzfr`os boao crupo o boau`mdfd;
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Al`bmo`f ¿Buæels so` eos Brmtlrmos f`tl u` Bo`gembto?
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6:. Zrfbtmbfaos ef aldmfbmò` l` `ulstros bo`gembtos LKL TLAF FZXL@DM[FKL LRZLXFDO
Bo`vmvl`bmf pfbágmbf y soeubmò` dl bo`gembtos Eos bo`gembtos m`tlrplrso`fels y sobmfels Wfeorf f ef aldmfbmò` boao u` rlburso qul plramtl m`tlrvl`mr l` eos bo`gembtos l`trl plrso`fs o crupos pfrf mapldmr o dltl`lr ef vmoel`bmf y l`bo`trfr soeubmo`ls kustfs.
Zfrf laplzfr
¿Vuí ls ef Aldmfbmò`? Aldmfbmò`? _____________________________ ___________________ ___________________ ________________ _______ _____________________ __________ ___________________ _________________ ________________ _______ ___________________ __________ ___________________ ___________________ ________________ _______ ___________________ __________ ___________________ ___________________ ________________ _______ ___________________ __________ ___________________ ___________________ ________________ _______
¿Vuí ls le dmæeoco? _____________________________ ___________________ ___________________ ________________ _______ ___________________ __________ ___________________ ____________________ ________________ ______ ___________________ __________ ___________________ ___________________ ________________ _______
FBTMWMDFD DL XLRZ\LRTF EMHXL ZFXF LE FE\A@O
Bo`tlstf eo smcuml`tl l` tu bufdlr`o; Zml`sf l` eos bo`gembtos qul nfs vmvmdo o bo`obmdo l` tu l`tor`o. Mdl`tmgmbf fecu`o l` le qul tl nuhmlrf custfdo bo`tfr bo` ef fyudf dl u`f plrso`f lxtlr`f pfrf rlsoevlreo. ¿Zor quí brlls qul nuhmlrf smdo `lblsfrmo lsl fpoyo? ¿Ls posmhel qul n nfyf fyf bo`gembtos l` eos qul `o bo`vl`cf ef m`tlrvl`bmò` dl fecuml` lxtlr`o? Mdl`tmgmbf u` lklapeo y frcual`tf tu rlspulstf.
¿Zfrf
quí `os smrvl ef aldmfbmò` ??
Rm tuvmlrfs u` bo`gembto bo` u` boapfölro y fecuml` aæs qumsmlrf m`tlrvl`mr pfrf qul puldf` rlsoevlreo, ¿quí tl`dráf qul nfblr pfrf fyudfreos dl af`lrf lgmbfz?, ¿quí fbtmtudls dlhlráf lvmtfr lsf plrso`f?
¿Vuí ls ef aldmfbmò` l` le bo`gembto? ____________________________ ___________________ ___________________ ___________________ ___________________ __________________ _____________________ ______________________ _______________ ______ ___________________ __________ __________________ ___________________ ___________________ ___________________ __________________ _________________ __________________ __________________ __________ _ ___________________ __________ __________________ ___________________ ___________________ ___________________ __________________ _________________ __________________ __________________ __________ _ ___________________ __________ __________________ ___________________ _____________________ _____________________ _________________ _________________ ___________________ _________________ ________ ____________________________ ___________________ ___________________ ___________________ ___________________ __________________ _________________ __________________ __________________ __________ _ ___________________ __________ __________________ ___________________ ___________________ ___________________ __________________ _________________ __________________ __________________ __________ _ 2: ___________________ __________ ___________________ ___________________ __________________ __________________ __________________ _________________ __________________ ___________________ __________ _
FBTMWMDFD; BOAZELTF LE LRV\LAF V\L RL A\LRTXF L@ EF ZFXTL M@GLXMOX Vuml`ls pfrtmbmpf` l` ef aldmfbmò` dlhl` tl`lr ef no`lstf m`tl`bmò` dl eocrfr qul le bo`gembto sl rlsulevf. Le aldmfdor dlhl tl`lr l` bul`tf qul íe `o eo rlsoevlræ, sm`o qul su efhor ls fyudfr f qul efs pfrtls m`voeubrfdfs;
¿Vuí maportf`bmf tml`l` eos fbulrdos bo` ef aldmfbmò`? ___________________________ __________________ __________________ _________________ __________________ ___________________ ___________________ ____________________ __________ __________________ __________ _________________ __________________ _________________ __________________ ___________________ ___________________ ____________________ __________ __________________ __________ _________________ __________________ _________________ __________________ ___________________ ___________________ ____________________ __________ 26
Bo`tlstf eo smcuml`tl; Ef `lcobmfbmò` `o ls posmhel `m rlboal`dfhel buf`do; ___________________________ __________________ __________________ _________________ _________________ _________ __________________ __________ _________________ __________________ _________________ _________________ _________ ___________________ __________ __________________ ___________________ ___________________ _______________ ______ __________________ __________ _________________ __________________ _________________ _________________ _________ __________________ __________ _________________ __________________ _________________ _________________ _________ __________________ __________ _________________ __________________ _________________ _________________ _________ __________________ __________ _________________ __________________ _________________ _________________ _________ __________________ __________ _________________ ___________________ _________________ ________________ _________ __________________ __________ _________________ __________________ _________________ _________________ _________ __________________ __________ _________________ __________________ _________________ _________________ _________ __________________ __________ _________________ __________________ _________________ _________________ _________ __________________ __________ _________________ __________________ _________________ _________________ _________ __________________ __________ _________________ __________________ _________________ _________________ _________ __________________ __________ _________________ __________________ _________________ _________________ _________ __________________ __________ _________________ __________________ _________________ _________________ _________ __________________ __________ _________________ __________________ _________________ _________________ _________ __________________ __________ _________________ __________________ ____________________ _________________ ______
¿Vuí ls ef Aldmfbmò` por pfrls?
¿Zodlaos
slr aldmfdorls??
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¿Vuí l`tml`dls por Zfr? _____________________________ ___________________ ___________________ _________ ___________________ __________ ___________________ ___________________ _________ ___________________ __________ ___________________ ___________________ _________ ___________________ __________ ___________________ ___________________ _________ _____________________________ ___________________ ___________________ _________ ___________________ __________ ___________________ ___________________ _________ ___________________ __________ ___________________ ___________________ _________ ___________________ __________ ___________________ ___________________ _________ ___________________ __________ ___________________ ___________________ _________ ___________________ __________ ___________________ ___________________ _________ ___________________ __________ ___________________ ___________________ _________ ___________________ __________ ___________________ ___________________ _________ ___________________ __________ ___________________ ___________________ _________ ____________________ __________ ___________________ __________________ _________ ___________________ __________ ___________________ ___________________ _________ ___________________ __________ ___________________ ___________________ _________ ___________________ __________ ___________________ ___________________ _________ _____________________________ ___________________ ___________________ _________ ___________________ __________ ___________________ ___________________ _________ 28
FBTMWMDFD; BOAZELTF LE LRV\LAF V\L RL A\LRTXF L@ EF ZFXTL M@GLXMOX Dl fbulrdo f fecu`fs bo`dmbmo`ls qul so` `lblsfrmfs pfrf ef aldmfbmò` qul sl al`bmo`f` al`bmo`f ` l` ef pæc.
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