3GPP Air Interface Overview
Short Description
3GPP Air Interface Overview...
Description
3GPP Air Interface Overview
The Telecommunications Age Nipkow Armstrong Wireless Telephony Zworykin Farnsworth Commercial Television Marconi Radar Commercial Radio NS Popov Radio Invented Stubblefield Hertz
Bardeen ASICs Brattain Shockley Transistors
De Forest Fleming
Vacuum Tubes
A G Bell
Digital Switching Digital Transmission Strowger Mechanical Switching Commercial Telephone Telephone Invented
Morse
Commercial Telegraph Telegraph Invented 30
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1800s Ericsson Internal
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1900s 2
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The Age of Wireless Telephony IS-95, JStd008, IS95B
1xRTT 3xRTT
(CDMA)
Phase One Phase Two
CDMA2000
CDMAone
GSM 900, 1800, 1900 MHz.
GPRS UMTS
(TDMA) DCS, PCS
PACKET DATA
UTRA (WCDMA)
IS-54, IS136 800, 1900 MHz.
AMPS
EDGE
TDMA)
(
Advanced Mobile Phone Service (Analog) 800 MHz. TACS, JTACS, ETACS
NMT 450, 900 MHz. Europe IMTS 150, 450 MHz. MTS 50 MHz. 78
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PDC Japan NETZ Germany 84
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Channels FDMA
FDMA Frequency Division Multiple Access – –
Power Tim e
TDMA Time Division Multiple Access – –
Each user on a different frequency A channel is a frequency Each user on a different window period in time (“time slot”) A channel is a specific time slot on a specific frequency
TDMA Power
CDMA Code Division Multiple Access – –
A channel is a unique code pattern Each user uses the same frequency all the time, but mixed with different distinguishing code patterns
Tim e
Tim e 4
cy n ue q Fre
CDMA Power
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cy n ue q Fre
cy n ue q Fre 2008-06-06
System Evolution 1G
2G
Voice
Voice
2,5G Voice
Packet Switched Circuit Switched Medium data rate Low data rate (64 – 144Kbps) (9.6Kbps) AMPS
GSM TDMA cdmaOne
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GPRS/EDGE Cdma -1xRTT
3G Voice Multimedia High data rate (384 – 2Mbps) WCDMA
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System Evolution
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Standards bodies
• •
•
ETSI-European Telecommunications Standards Institute ARIB-Association of Radio Industries and Businesses (Japan) TTA-Telecommunications Technology Association (Korea) CWTS-China Wireless Telecommunications Standards Group TTC-Telecommunications Technology Committee (Japan) TIA-Telecommunications Industry Association
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System Architecture & Interfaces
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GSM / GPRS
GSM Frequencies 900
1700 1800 1900 2000 MHz
GSM 900 Duplex shift = 45 MHz 876 880 890
UPLINK
R-GSM
GSM 900 124 carrier frequencies
GSM 1900
25 MHz 35 MHz
35 MHz 4 MHz
960
DOWNLINK
25 MHz
GSM E-GSM
GSM 1800
915 921 925 935
Duplex shift = 95 MHz
4 MHz 1710 GSM 1800 374 carrier frequencies
1785 1805
1880
UPLINK
DOWNLINK
75 MHz
75 MHz Duplex shift = 80 MHz
1850 GSM 1900 299 carrier frequencies
UPLINK 60 MHz
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1990
1910 1930
DOWNLINK 60 MHz 2008-06-06
Physical and Logical Channels
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GSM Logical Channels GSM Channels Traffic Channels (TCHs)
Control Channels
Broadcast Channels (BCHs) Full rate
Half rate
Common Control Channels (CCCHs)
Dedicated Control Channels (DCCHs) (down uplink)
Downlink
Downlink
Uplink Fast
TCH /F
TCH /H FCCH SCH BCCH PCH
Traffic Multiframing
AGCH
CBCH
Signaling Multiframing Ericsson Internal
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RACH SDCCH
FACCH
Slow
SACCH
Traffic Multiframing 2008-06-06
GSM Logical Channels
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Logical Channels Description
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Logical Channels Description
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BCH - Broadcast channels Broadcast channels are point-to-multipoint unidirectional (downlink) control channels from the fixed subsystem to the mobile station: Frequency Correction Channel (FCCH) allows an MS to accurately tune to a Base Transceiver Station (BTS). Synchronization Channel (SCH) provides TDMA frameoriented synchronization data to an MS. Broadcast Control Channel (BCCH) intended to broadcast a variety of information to MSs, including cues necessary for the MS to register in the network.
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CCCH - Common Control Channels
Common Control Channels (CCCHs) are point-tomultipoint channels that are primarily intended to carry signaling information for access handling functions. The CCCHs include: Paging Channel (PCH): downlink channel used to page MSs. Access Grant Channel (AGCH): downlink channel used to assign an MS to a specific Dedicated Control Channel (DCCH). Cell Broadcast Channel (CBCH): downlink channel used to broadcast miscellaneous short messages to the MSs. Random Access Control Channel (RACH): uplink channel which allows an MS to initiate a call. Ericsson Internal
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DCCH - Dedicated Control Channels Dedicated Control Channels are point-to-point, bi-directional control channels. Two types of DCCHs are used:
Stand-alone Dedicated Control Channels (SDCCH) whose allocation is not linked to the assignment of a traffic channel (TCH). They bear information about authentication, location updates, and assignment to traffic channels (TCHs).
Associated Control Channels are linked to the existence of a traffic channel (TCH). – –
Fast Associated Control Channel (FACCH) or burst-stealing is a control channel obtained by preemptive dynamic multiplexing on a TCH. Slow Associated Control Channel (SACCH), also known as a continuous data stream, is allocated together with a TCH or an SDCCH.
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TCH - Traffic Channels TCH carries the voice data. Two blocks of 57 bits contain voice data in the normal burst. One TCH is allocated for every active call. Full rate traffic channel occupies one physical channel (one TS on a carrier) and carries voice data at 13kbps Two half rate (6.5kbps) TCHs can share one physical channel.
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GPRS General packet radio service (GPRS) is a packet oriented mobile data service available to users of the 2G cellular communication systems global system for mobile communications (GSM), as well as in the 3G systems. In the 2G systems, GPRS provides data rates of 56-114 kbit/s.
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GPRS RLC/MAC and RF Layers
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GPRS Logical Channels
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GPRS Logical Channels
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GPRS Coding Schemes
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GPRS Coding Schemes
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Transmission and Reception Chains Voice coding: FR, EFR, AMR, etc.
Convolutional code, tail, puncture, etc.
GMSK, etc.
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GMSK Modulation
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EDGE: Enhanced Data rates for GSM Evolution
In addition to GMSK, EDGE uses higher-order 8PSK (8 phase shift keying) for the upper five of its nine modulation and coding schemes. EDGE produces a 3-bit word for every change in carrier phase which effectively triples the gross data rate offered by GSM. EDGE, like GPRS, uses a rate adaptation algorithm that adapts the modulation and coding scheme (MCS) according to the quality of the radio channel, and thus the bit rate and robustness of data transmission. EDGE can carry data speeds up to 236.8 kbit/s (with end-to-end latency of less than 150 ms) for 4 timeslots (theoretical maximum is 473.6 kbit/s for 8 timeslots) in packet mode. This means it can handle four times as much traffic as standard GPRS.
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EDGE Modulation Schemes EDGE is four times as efficient as GPRS. GPRS uses four coding schemes (CS-1 to 4) while EDGE uses nine Modulation and Coding Schemes (MCS-1 to 9).
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Higher-order PSK Any number of phases may be used to construct a PSK constellation but 8-PSK is usually the highest order PSK constellation deployed. With more than 8 phases, the error-rate becomes too high and there are better, though more complex, modulations available such as quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM).
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W-CDMA
World Administrative Radio Conference-WARC (1992)
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WCDMA-Spectrum Allocation The frequency range 1920 – 1980 MHz and 2110 - 2170 MHz are available to operators as paired bands, these support UTRA Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) and are best suited to symmetric services such as telephony. A minimum frequency separation of 190 MHz has been specified between transmit and receive frequencies. In the lower band, 1900 - 1920 MHz and 2010 - 2025MHz are available as unpaired bands. These can support UTRA Time Division Duplex (TDD), which is best suited to asymmetrical services such as the internet. Ericsson Internal
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Spectrum allocation for UTRA FDD Uplink
Downlink
1920 1920 -- 1980 1980 MHz MHz
2110 2110 -- 2170 2170 MHz MHz
60 MHz 5 MHz
Spectrum is allocated to operators at this level
Chip sequnces are multiplexed in code domain and transmitted within a 5 MHz frequency slot. The chip rate is always 3.84 Mchips/s.
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3GPP SPECIFICATIONS ANATEL – UMTS 2100 Band Anatel has specified 5 frequency bands for UMTS in Brazil (ref. Área II - AC, DF, GO, MT, MS, PR, RS, RO, SC e TO).
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Radio Access Bearer
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UMTS - Hierarchy of Bearers UMTS TE TE
MT MT
UTRAN UTRAN
CN CN Gateway Gateway
CN Iu CN Iu edge edge node node
TE TE
End-to-End Service
TE/MT Local Bearer Service
UMTS Bearer Service
Radio Access Bearer Service
RAB
Radio Bearer Service
Iu Bearer Service
UTRA FDD/TDD Service
Physical Bearer Service
External Bearer Service CN Bearer Service
Backbone Bearer Service
3GPP TS 23.107, QoS Concept and Architecture Ericsson Internal
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QoS classes
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Mapping Of Applications to RAB Examples
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Current R99 RABs – P4
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Code Division Multiple Access ORIGINATION
Spread-Spectrum Chip Streams
X+A X+A+B
X+A+B+C
DESTINATION
X+A+B X+A Data X
Data X A B C Spreading Sequences
C B A Spreading Sequences
Multiple spreading sequences can be applied in succession and then reapplied in opposite order to recover the original un-spread data stream. The spreading sequences can have different desired properties. All spreading sequences originally used must be available in proper synchronization at the recovering destination. Ericsson Internal
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WCDMA Codes Usage Channelization Channelizationcode code Channel Channel data data
Channel bit rate
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Scrambling Scramblingcode code
Chip rate Chip rate (always 3.84 Mchips/s)
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WCDMA Codes Usage
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OSVF codes correlation
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OSVF Code Tree
OVSF (Orthogonal variable spreading factor) to be used are orthogonal (inner product equals 0). SF=Chip rate/Symbol rate Chip rate is constant in WCDMA=3.84 Mcps Therefore shorter the Spreading code greater is the bit rate over air interface. A physical channel may use a certain code in the tree if no other physical channel uses a code from an underlying branch. Ericsson Internal
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Spreading factor SF = Spreading factor Chip Chip rate rate = = SF SF xx channel channel bit bit rate rate Uplink: Uplink: DPCCH DPCCH SF SF = = 256, 256, DPDCH DPDCH SF SF = = 44 -- 256 256 Downlink: Downlink: DPCH DPCH SF SF = = 44 -- 256 256 (512) (512) One bit consists of 4 chips
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One bit consists of 256 chips
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Scrambling Code In the downlink, scrambling code is used to distinguish different cells like BCCH ARFCN in GSM. Total 8192 SC are available in downlink. 512 of these are primary SC and rest are secondary, 15 per primary. These Primary SCsare divided into 64 code groups each containing 8 codes. In the uplink, scrambling codes are used to distinguish each UE. Total 16777216 scrambling codes can be assigned by network in the uplink.
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Scrambling Code Planning
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FDD Radio Interface protocol architecture
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FDD Radio Interface protocol architecture
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WCDMA FDD Downlink Channels
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Downlink Logical Channels Common Downlink Logical Channels BCCH (Broadcast Control Channel) –
PCCH (Paging Control Channel) –
Transmits paging information to a UE when the UE’s location is unknown
CCCH (Common Control Channel) –
Broadcasts cell site and system identification to all UE
Transmits control information to a UE when there is no RRC Connection
CTCH (Common Traffic Channel) –
Traffic channel for sending traffic to a group of UE’s.
Dedicated Downlink Logical Channels DCCH (Dedicated Control Channel) –
Transmits control information to a UE when there is a RRC Connection
DTCH (Dedicated Traffic Channel) –
Traffic channel dedicated to one UE Ericsson Internal
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Downlink Transport Channels Common Downlink Transport Channels BCH (Broadcast Channel) –
PCH (Paging Channel) – –
Carries control information to UE when location is unknown Pending activity indicated by the PICH (paging indication channel)
FACH (Forward Access Channel) –
Continuous transmission of system and cell information
Used for transmission of idle-mode control information to a UE
DSCH (Downlink Shared Channel) –
Carries dedicated control and/or traffic data; shared by several UE’s
Dedicated Downlink Transport Channels DCH (Dedicated Channel) –
Carries dedicated traffic and control data to one UE
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Downlink Physical Channels Common Downlink Physical Channels P-CCPCH Common Control Physical Channel (Primary) – Broadcasts cell site information – Broadcasts cell SFN; Timing reference for all DL channels
SCH Synchronization Channel – Fast Synch. codes 1 and 2; time-multiplexed with P-CCPCH
S-CCPCH Common Control Physical Channel (Secondary) – Transmits idle-mode signaling and control information to UE’s
P-CIPCH Common Pilot Channel S-CIPCH Secondary Common Pilot Channel (for sectored cells) PDSCH Physical Downlink Shared Channel – Transmits high-speed data to multiple users Ericsson Internal
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Downlink Physical Channels Dedicated Downlink Physical Channels DPDCH Dedicated Downlink Physical Data Channel DPCCH Dedicated Downlink Physical Control Channel – Transmits connection-mode signaling and control to UE’s
Transmit Power Control (TPC) Bits TFCI (Transport Format Combination Indicator) - Used when multiple services are multiplexed onto one DPDCH
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Downlink Physical Channels Downlink Indication Channels AICH (Acquisition Indication Channel) – –
Acknowledges that BS has acquired a UE Random Access attempt (Echoes the UE’s Random Access signature)
PICH (Page Indication Channel) –
Informs a UE to monitor the next paging frame
Physical Channels for the CPCH Access Procedure AP-AICH (Access Preamble Indication Channel) – –
CD/CA-ICH – – –
Acknowledges that BS has acquired a UE Packet Access attempt (Echoes the UE’s Packet Access signature) Confirms that there is no ambiguity between UE in a Packet Access attempt (Echoes the UE’s Packet Access Collision Detection signature) Optionally provides available Packet channel assignments
CSICH –
Broadcasts status information regarding packet channel availability Ericsson Internal
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WCDMA FDD Uplink Channels
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Uplink Transport Channels Common Uplink Transport Channels RACH Random Access Channel – Carries access requests, control information, short data – Uses only open-loop power control – Subject to random access collisions
CPCH Uplink Common Packet Channel – Carries connectionless packet data to PCPH
Dedicated Uplink Transport Channels DCH Dedicated Channel – Carries dedicated traffic and control data from one UE
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Uplink Physical Channels Common Uplink Physical Channels PRACH Physical Random Access Channel – Used by UE to initiate access to BS
PCPCH Physical Common Packet Channel – Used by UE to send connectionless packet data
Dedicated Uplink Physical Channels DPDCH Dedicated Uplink Physical Data Channel DPCCH Dedicated Uplink Physical Control Channel – Transmits connection-mode signaling and control to BS
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Downlink Data Coding, Multiplexing
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Uplink Data Coding, Multiplexing
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Handover and Power Control
Soft Handover-Handover on same frequency using cells of different Node Bs. Softer handover-Handover on same frequency using cells of same Node B. Hard Handover-Handover over different frequency either in same network or WCDMA to GSM Handover known as Inter RAT (Radio access technology) handover. In WCDMA power control algorithm runs 1500 times per sec.
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Modulation
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Radio Network Controller (RNC) Controls a number of RBS’s. Controls mobility functions like Power control, Handovers, Switching etc. Is connected to the core network via the Iu interface. RNC´s are interconnected via the Iur interface
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RNC Hardware Topology
GPS 1
Iub
RBS 1-4
Extension Subrack 2-4
ET Iur
2
RNC
SCB
GPB
Main Subrack Iu
6
OSS-RC Ext. Mgmt Sys
Mur
Thin Client/ Console
13
2
ET
CN
11
GPB 5
SPB
SPB
TUB 2
SCB
RBS 6
ISL 5-8
2
Extension Subrack
SXB
2-4
ISL
RBS
ET 2
6
SCB
GPB
-48V/DC
13
SPB
RNC
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RNC Configuration
(96 RBSs/ES x 8 )
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RXI 820 or RANAG (RAN Aggregator) The main objective of RXI 820 is to aggregate traffic in WCDMA based Radio Access Networks providing an efficient transport solution for delay sensitive traffic, such as voice and multimedia, carried on low speed link; Is located within the Transport Network Layer, supporting ATM/AAL2 connectivity between Radio Base Stations and RNC.
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Radio Base Station (Node B) – RBS 3000 Controls the actual radio resources and maintains the radio link; Is connected the user equipment (UE) via the Uu interface (radio interface), to the RNC via the Iub interface.
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Radio Base Station (Node B) – RBS 3000
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Radio Base Station (Node B) – RBS 3000
Macro
Macro
(Very high capacity)
(High capacity)
Indoor Outdoor
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Outdoor
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HSPA
Motivation
Sophisticated UE applications need higher bit rates
Primary target of HSDPA/HSUPA is to enhance system throughput with minimum changes in network architecture
Is an extension to WCDMA Release ’(”99”) Release 5 - HSDPA (High Speed Downlink Packet Access)
Downlink up to 14.4 Mbit/s. Release 6 - HSUPA (High Speed Uplink Packet Access)
Uplink up to 5.76 Mbit/s. The name HSUPA was created by Nokia and 3GPP does not support the name 'HSUPA', but instead uses the name Enhanced Uplink (EUL).
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HSDPA Basics PRBS PRBS_nom PAdm
HSDPA power
TTI= 2 ms
R99 traffic Ppower DCH
CPICH and control channel power
SF=1 SF=2 SF=4
Channelization codes allocated for HS-DSCH transmission 8 codes (example)
SF=8 SF=16
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Basic Features
Short TTI (2 ms) –
Reduced delays
2 ms
Shared Channel Transmission –
Dynamically shared code resource
Fast Channel-Dependent Scheduling –
Fast Link Adaptation and higher modulation – –
2 ms time basis
Data rate adapted to radio conditions 2 ms time basis
Fast Hybrid ARQ – –
Roundtrip time ~12 ms possible Soft combination of multiple attempts Ericsson Internal
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HSDPA Channel Structure
HS-DSCH - High-Speed Downlink Shared Channel HS-PDSCH - High-Speed Physical Downlink Shared Channel HS-SCCH - High-Speed Shared Control Channel(s) HS-DPCCH - High-Speed Dedicated Physical Control Channel A-DCH (DPDCH+DPCCH) - Associated Dedicated Channel
A-DCH HS-DSCH
RBS A
HS -D PDS C SCH H HS - SC CH HS -DP CC H
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RBS B
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Shared Channel Transmission A set of radio resources dynamically shared among multiple users, primarily in the time domain – Efficient code utilization – Efficient power utilization SF=1 SF=2 SF=4
Channelization codes allocated for HS-DSCH transmission 8 codes (example)
SF=8 SF=16
TTI Shared channelization codes
User #1
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User #2
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User #3
User #4
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Higher Modulation HS-DSCH supports both QPSK and 16QAM – 16QAM is optional in RBS – 16QAM is mandatory in the UE, except for the 2 lowest UE categories – 16QAM gives approximately double data rates – 16QAM is mainly useful at good radio conditions – 16QAM typically requires more advanced receivers in the UE
2 bits
4 bits
QPSK
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16QAM
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HSDPA User Equipment (UE) categories
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HSUPA Basic Principles HS-DPCCH E-DPDCH #1
1. Multi-Code Operation
R L C
M A C
ΣI
E-DPDCH #2 DPCCH
ΣQ
E- DPCCH
2. Hybrid ARQ with Soft Combining
3. HSUPA Scheduling Ericsson Internal
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HSUPA Channel Structure DP CC H E-D PC CH E-D PD CH E-A G E-H CH I CH Se rvi ng EU Lc e ll
CH C DP CH C P D E CH D P D CH E G R H EC I E -H
No
ng i v er s n
ell c L EU
New Physical Channels: E-AGCH
Enhanced Absolute Grant Channel
New Transport Channel:
E-RGCH
Enhanced Relative Grant Channel
E-DCH
E-HICH
HARQ Indicator Channel
Enhanced Dedicated Channel
E-DPDCH Enhanced Dedicated Physical Channel
Additional Physical Channel used for HSUPA:
E-DPCCH Enhance Dedicated Physical Channel
DPCCH
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(R99) Dedicated Physical Channel 2008-06-06
HSPA History HSDPA Phase 1 • Max 4.32 Mbps • Max 5 codes per cell • Max 16 users per cell • Max 1 user per TTI • Only one PS HS RAB
HSDPA Phase 3 • HSDPA traffic over Iur • QoS • Maximum Bit Rate, MBR • Guaranteed Bit Rate,GBR • Traffic Handling Prio • Streaming HS RABs • Flow control per user • Incremental Redundancy
HSDPA Phase 2 • Max 13.44 Mbps • Max 15 codes per cell • Max 32 users per cell • 4 users per TTI • Improved mobility • Dynamic Code Allocation • Flexible Scheduler • HS-SCCH Power Control • Speech + HS RABs
P4
RAN
P5
EUL Phase 1 • Max 1.376 Mbps (2xSF4) • Max 16 users per cell
2005 Ericsson Internal
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P6 EUL Phase 2 • EUL traffic over Iur • QoS • Flow control per user • Incremental Redundancy • 32 users per cell •Scheduler enhancements •P6 FP: 2ms TTI 5.76 Mbps
2007
2008 2008-06-06
HSPA+ or HSPA Evolved
Evolved High-Speed Packet Access (also known as: HSPA Evolution, HSPA+, I-HSPA or Internet HSPA) is a wireless broadband standard defined in 3GPP release 7. HSPA+ enhances mobile broadband with data rates up to 42 Mbps in R8 while R7 enables up to 28 Mbps downlink data rates. HSPA+ doubles the data capacity over HSPA and more than doubles voice capacity over WCDMA, reducing the cost of delivering voice or data services (more efficient voice over HSPA+ can also be used to free up data capacity). HSPA+ multicarrier further enhances the broadband experience. HSPA+ R8 doubles the data rates to all users and can significantly increase the bursty application capacity, e.g., Web browsing. HSPA+ is the optimal solution for single and aggregated 5 MHz carriers, and provides similar performance as LTE for the same bandwidth and using the same number of antennas.
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HSPA Evolved or HSPA+
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Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) HSPA+ R7 supports 2x2 downlink MIMO that uses two transmit antennas at the Node B to transmit orthogonal (parallel) data streams to the two receive antennas at the device. Using two antennas and additional signal processing at the receiver and the transmitter, MIMO can increase the system capacity and double user data rates without using additional Node B power or bandwidth. MIMO
N
UE
Node-B
MIMO propagation channel
M
N Tx and M Rx - multiple parallel channels
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High Order Modulation HSPA supports 16QAM modulation on the downlink and QPSK on the uplink. The data capacity (bits/symbol) increases as we move from QPSK to 16QAM and 64QAM. HSPA+ R7 introduces 64QAM on the downlink, which increases the data rates by 50% for devices in good signal conditions (high SNR). On the uplink, 16QAM doubles data rates for devices that are not power headroom limited.
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SAE/LTE
3GPP terms vs industrial terms 3GPP terms: EPS = Evolved Packet system. 3GPP Global name for the whole system, including eUtran, EPC and user equipment. eUTRAN = Evolved UTRAN. Access part of the system. EPC = Evolved Packet Core. Core part of the system Industrial terms: LTE = Long term evolution. Group all new e-nodeBs providing broadband radio access to end users. SAE = System Architecture Evolution. Core part evolved to meet requirements of the LTE. SAE/LTE = Evolved Packet System
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SAE/LTE – Performance Targets High data rates – – –
Downlink: >100 Mbps Uplink: >50 Mbps Cell-edge data rates 2-3 x HSPA Rel. 6 (@ 2006)
Low delay/latency – –
User plane RTT: Less than 10 ms ( RAN RTT ) Channel set-up: Less than 100 ms ( idle-to-active )
High spectral efficiency –
Targeting 3 X HSPA Rel. 6 (@ 2006 )
Spectrum flexibility – – –
Operation in a wide-range of spectrum allocations Wide range of Bandwidth (from 1.4 MHz to 20 MHz) Support for FDD and TDD Modes
Cost-effective migration from current/future 3G systems
Focus on services from the packet-switched domain ! Ericsson Internal
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What is LTE? LTE = Long Term Evolution (of 3GPP family) – Evolution path for GSM/EDGE, WCDMA/HSPA, HSPA+ – LTE is being specified in 3GPP Release 8
Now also known as eUTRAN Designed primarily for mobile broadband – packet data – simple architecture
Flexible design to allow deployment in new and refarmed spectrum Takes radio performance to the next level LTE is the next step in radio for mobile broadband Ericsson Internal
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Transmission Schemes Downlink: Multi-layered OFDMA –
Uplink: Single CarrierFDMA –
Channel-dependent scheduling and link adaptation in time and frequency domain
– –
Higher uplink system throughput Improved coverage and cell-edge performance Lower terminal cost and improved battery life Uplink
Downlink User 1 User 2 User 3 tim e
tim e
frequency
frequency
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Key LTE radio access features LTE radio access
OFDMA
– Downlink: OFDMA – Uplink: SC-FDMA
SC-FDMA
Advanced antenna solutions – Diversity – Multi-layer transmission (MIMO) – Beam-forming
TX
TX
Spectrum flexibility – Flexible bandwidth – New and existing bands – Duplex flexibility: FDD and TDD Ericsson Internal
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1.4 MHz
20 MHz
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Peak Data Rates LTE Standard Capabilities Downlink Uplink
Peak Data Rates [Mbps]
350 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 LTE 2x2, 20+20 MHz
LTE 2x2, 5+5 MHz
Ericsson Internal
92
LTE 4x4, 20+20 MHz
2008-06-06
EPS (SAE/LTE) Architecture Internet, Operator Service etc.
EPC
EPC - Evolved Packet Core
eUTRAN
eUTRAN - Evolved UTRAN
EPS – Evolved Packet System
Ericsson Internal
93
2008-06-06
EPS High Level Architecture Optimized for performance and cost efficiency
IP networks Full reuse of user Management HSS and IMS enhacements 3GPP R7
Policy Control and Charging – enhancements of 3GPP R7
SAE GW P-GW
S-GW
2G/3G MME
Optimized UP path for LTE User traffic and signaling separation in core network
Signaling
User traffic
Other access Interconnection of other access technologies using Mobile IP
eNodeB LTE MME = ”Mobility Management Entity” eNodeB = the LTE base station Ericsson Internal
94
2008-06-06
EPC architecture 3GPP operator Detailed view, non-roaming case, 3GPP accesses
IP networks Gx
HSS
PCRF
SGi
HLR S6a
SAE GW
Gr
PDN GW S5
S4
Serv GW
S11
SGSN
MME
S3
S10 Gb
S12
Iu-C
S1-C
2G
3G
Ericsson Internal
LTE
95
S1-U
• Common GW for all accesses • Core network pooling for LTE access • Policy control also supporting LTE • Diameter for LTE user management • Smooth interworking 2G/3G – LTE • 3G Direct Tunnel for HSPA
2008-06-06
SAE architecture with non-3GPP access networks IP networks PCRF HSS
AAA
”Legacy” 3GPP2 access networks
SAE GW PDN GW
”Legacy” 3GPP access networks
ePDG
S5
Serv GW
LTE • Common GW for all accesses • Generic support for any non-3GPP access (e.g. WLAN, Fixed) • Session Mobility using Mobile IP. • Policy control supported for non-3GPP accesses • Access authentication for non-3GPP accesses using AAA mechanisms • Security support for non-trusted accesses
Ericsson Internal
Non-trusted
96
Trusted
2008-06-06
Ericsson products and Roadmap Ericsson is developing the following commercial products for release of SAE/LTE:
MME: SGSN-MME 2009B SAE GW: Converged Packet Gw R1 and GGSN-MPG 2010A HSS: HSS 5.0 and UDC R1 FP01 PCRF: SAPC 2009 B eNodeB: LTE RAN L10 A
Ericsson Internal
97
2008-06-06
SGSN-MME 2009B Key values Fully commercial SGSN+MME in the same package 3GPP 2G, 3G + LTE/EPC functionality Simple migration – reuse of service hardened SGSN hardware and software architecture Continued focus on signaling and Mobile Broadband
Ericsson Internal
98
2008-06-06
Mobile Gateway & Converged Gateway Ericsson will introduce the Converged Packet Gw R1 as the first product for SAE/LTE, optimized for very high throughput in future LTE intensive scenarios. It is referred to as the Converged Gateway. – Converged Gateway is a new development on a new platform, the SmartEdge 1200 from Redback.
The Ericsson GGSN-MPG 2010A will be introduced later, and will add the PDN and Serving Gateway functionality for SAE/LTE networks to the GGSN platform. – The Mobility Gateway fully reuses hardware and common functionality while adding the SAE specific functionality. Both current M20 and M120 platforms will be supported.
Ericsson Internal
99
2008-06-06
Ericsson Packet Gateways Converged Packed Gateway (CPG)
Mobile Packet Gateway (MPG)
For 3GPP/LTE network access
An evolution from the marketleading Ericsson GGSN
For broadband LTE networks and non-3GPP convergence A new product based on a proven platform (SmartEdge)
Ericsson Internal
100
2008-06-06
Converged Packet GW
Ericsson Converged Packet Gateway uses the SmartEdge 1200 platform
Introduces SAE Gateway functionality – – – – – –
Market-leading Ericsson 3GPP software Fully 3GPP R8 compliant Serving and PDN Gateway functionality LTE support with mobility to GSM/WCDMA Mobility between LTE and CDMA (3GPP2) and fixed networks (MIP) Integrated Deep Packet Inspection functionality
Exploits key high performance MSER functionality – – – –
Routing, VPN, MPLS, VPLS Fully programmable ASIC-based broadband IP engine High availability architecture In-service software upgrade (ISSU) capability
Ericsson Internal
101
2008-06-06
Mobile Packet Gateway Key features Provides a smooth migration for Ericsson GGSN customers to LTE/SAE using GGSN-MPG 2010 A. It will be released in 2010. Extensive feature-rich 3GPP mobile solution Requires software upgrade to existing GGSN Supports large subscriber numbers for substantial existing deployed base (up to 6 million PDP sessions)
Ericsson Internal
102
2008-06-06
HSS The first release to work with SAE will be HSS 5.0: • • • •
First stage, monolithic supporting early implementations of SAE. No mobility IRAT requirements. It will be released in June 2009.
First solution implementing data layer structure will be UDC R1 FP01: • • • •
It will handle SAE R1 with IRAT mobility requirements. It will include HLR FE, HSS FE, CUDB and PG as separated nodes. HSS release will be 5.0. Released end 2009.
Ericsson Internal
103
2008-06-06
HSS 5.0 Modules and Interfaces Provisioning System
Provisioning notifications System Performance management Fault management Configuration management System SW management
SOAP HSS Provisioning
LDAP
GGSN/AAA SSO
D’/Gi
PAM
ESM
Packet Access module
SAE Subscription module
SIH
OSS-RC
SAE
MME
S6a SWx
3GPP AAA
SWx
CSCF Cx
XCAP Server
-5
XCAP Aggregation Proxy
XCAP Authentication Support,
ISM
SDA
IMS Subscription module
Subscription Data Access module
Subscription Data Access
AS
Sh Server SIP Application Server
Zx PDN GW
MAP
retrieval from the HLR at any time
WSM WLAN Subscription module
Authentication vectors retrieval
HLR
ePDG
MAP
AAA SWa, S6b, STa, SWm, Wa
Access Gateway
AVG CUDB
LDAP
Authentication Vector Generator module
SLF
TSP 6 /NSP 6.0 platform Ericsson Internal
104
2008-06-06
LTE RAN L10 A Ericsson solution based on: – RBS 6000 platform First mainstream products in 2009/2010
Ericsson Internal
105
2008-06-06
Cabinet Vision
RBS 2206
RBS 2216
RBS 3206
RBS 3216
RBS 6201
RBS 3116
RBS 3106
RBS 2106
RBS 2116
RBS 6102
RBS 6101
RBS 3107
RBS 2308
RBS 3308 RBS 2111
RBS 6301 Ericsson Internal
106
RBS 3418
RBS 6601 2008-06-06
RBS 3518
Macro Radio Vision RBS 6000 GSM today
GSM/WCDMA/LTE
WCDMA today
FU12 DRU
RU21 20W
RUG01 dTRU
RU21 30W CDU-G
RUS01 RU22 40W
CDU-F RU22 60W
Ericsson Internal
107
2008-06-06
RBS 6201
Ericsson Internal
108
2008-06-06
RBS 6102
Ericsson Internal
109
2008-06-06
Ericsson Internal
110
2008-06-06
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