3G.LTE Network Capacity Management.pptx

3G/LTE Huawei RAN Capacity Management 1

A Practical Guide

Introduction  This presentation is not a technical document, but more of a practical guide of how deal with 3G/LTE apacit! and ongestion" Including# •  T!pes  T!pes of ongestion • $ow to %onitor apacit! &esources &esources • 'asic apacit! a pacit! (eatures (eatures )A, L*& etc+ • %onitoring and Identif!ing apacit! Issues • urrent Techniues -sed to .ptimie apacit! • 0uggestions for (uture Trials and etwor2

0trateg!

apacit! &esources  There are  0eparate apacit! &esources to monitor in -%T0 • • • •

Power ode 'aseband &esources )E+ Iub &esources

*L Power • %ost ells are set with a %a4T4Power of

3d'm/567 • After Pilot )t!picall! 168+ and common channels, the rest of a9ailable power is used to carr! tra:c • As Tra:c increases, so does the power reuirement • 7hen a9ailable power runs out, there is a ris2 of call drop as power is not a9ailable to maintain Ec/o

-L Power • -L Power in normal circumstances is a

measure of the &T7P being recei9ed • 7e use a Eui9alent -ser umber as the algorithm for measuring -L Load • urrentl! %a4-L-serumber is set to 1;6

*L odes • hannelisation odes are a ell le9el

resource and are Allocated to users from the ode Tree depending on 0er9ice • $0*PA can use up to 1< odes should the! not be currentl! used b! &== 0er9ices

'aseband &esource )E+ • 'aseband &esource, otherwise 2nown as

hannel Elements or redits, is the $ardware resource installed at ode' Le9el • Each 7''P 'oard contains 5s and installed at ode' Le9el and allocated to a &esource Group • E>s are d!namicall! allocated to users across cells in that resource group based on ser9ice • $uawei has a limitation of ma4 ; ells in a &G, for a ode'

Iub &esource • Iub resource is the number of installed

E1s or the sie of the con?gured IP 'andwidth

&esources and con?guration •

In $uawei 7*%A networ2, to a9oid the congestion and bloc2age of the ser9ice, we ha9e to monitor the following resources @ NE Type

Resource

ode' Le9el

-E

ell Le9el

-.0(

card and license --L and *L Iub bandwidth code --L power -*L power

&A &esource diagram •DL total power/DL ENU && •RTW/UL ENU -1 •!"#$ Co%e &DCH/H#'D#CH( -CE

•DL total power/DL ENU && •RTW/UL ENU -5 •!"#$ Co%e &DCH/H#'D#CH(

•DL total power/DL ENU && •RTW/UL ENU -3 •!"#$ Co%e &DCH/H#'D#CH(

car% -CE licen)e -H#'D#CH co%e licen)e

''-

UL/DL *u+ +an%wi%t,

&

together we can ma2e it con9ergence

Traffic and KPI statistic

•To associate the actual situation of resource usage we have to consider in term of : - CS and PS traffic - Congestion - Utilization

together we can ma2e it con9ergence

Service distribution

•Each service type will occupy different resources. Hence we should divide the traffic volume correspondin to each service type to understand the characteristic of the cell.  – AM  – !P  – PS "" #$  – PS "" U$  – %S#PA  – %SUPA

together we can ma2e it con9ergence

!E Resource "escription

•C& is the 'ool resource at (ode) level* all cells connected to (ode) will share the same C& resource+ • • • • •

(um,er of C&s will ,e var u'on the model of card+ .ain t'icall uses /U$0#$ 123 C&s4+ The monitoring will ,e done at (ode) level+ (um,er of U$0#$ license can ,e assigned inde'endentl+ The monitoring can ,e done se'aratel for U$ and #$+

together we can ma2e it con9ergence

#$S% !ode Resource "escription

5!S6 Code is the limit resource of each cell+ The e7'ansion can8t ,e 'ossi,le in a single cell+ 5!S6 Code will ,e limited onl #$ direction+ •T'ical usage of 5!S6 code  – AM : S691 – S6123  – !P : S6;1  – PS "" #$ : S6 – S691  – %S#PA : S693 • Ma7imum is 92 < S693 • %S#PA Code usage is de'ended on Manual or Automatic assignment+ More 5!S6 code manuall assigned to %S#PA is less 5!S6 code left for ""+

together we can ma2e it con9ergence

&' Power Resource "escription

•#ue to the re=ection , Call Admission Control* the increment in U$ load can cause service re=ection and slow down the data service+ •6or %uawei* U$ 'ower resource can divided into 1 t'e+ 5ne is real load in term of T>P /Algorithm 94* another one is e?uivalent load in term of &(U /Algorithm 14+ •>e are using Algorithm 1 as default+

together we can ma2e it con9ergence

"' Power Resource "escription

•#$ Power $imit is considered at U total 'ower+ T'ical use of U 'ower is 1@ /;d)m4 and @ watt /3d)m4+ •Bn general* the common control channel will consume a,out 9@ of total 'ower+ •The 'ower consum'tion of each service will ,e different as well as the radio condition of each U& /e+g+ distance* SCP* &c0Bo4

together we can ma2e it con9ergence

&' and "' Iub (andwidth "escription

•Bu, is the 'ool resource at ))U* each U have to share same Bu, resource+ •T'ical configuration ,andwidth of Bu, is 9@ and 1@ M,'s+ •BP ,ased Bu, transmission /9@@ M,'s4+

together we can ma2e it con9ergence

Total resource usae module Reection

-0

user -P0 &== -ser -$0*PA -ser -$0-PA -ser #er-ice %i)tri+utio n

-Power -.0(

code

-E -Iub

Re)ource)

B*esire Co0 -ongestio n

U)er e.perienc e

e) o1 )er-ice interruption ,e u)er can2t get t,e )er-ice &reection( ,e u)er can2t get at t,e %e)ire 4o# &low t,roug,put o1 %ata )er-ice(

together we can ma2e it con9ergence

Power !)! )lorithm

•Power CAC is a''lied on ,oth #$ and U$ •>e have to consider our selected algorithm+ The monitoring method will ,e different+

)lorithm * or )lorithm + ,

•Huawei default for "' is )lorithm*  – Monitor TCP usage for load calculation

•Huawei default for &' is )lorithm+  – Monitor &(U for U$ load calculation

together we can ma2e it con9ergence

Total RR& power settin

•Total Carrier Power /TCP4 is one of limited resource de'ending u'on U total 'ower out'ut that im'act directl to cell ca'acit and 'erformance+ Although it8s the same U 'ower* it ma different in the ca'acit ,ecause of U& distri,ution in a cell+ To overview the 'ower setting in a cell* we can checD 'arameter setting of total 'ower and CPBC% 'ower+ •!PI!H Power   – Ma7PCPBC%Power /E 9@ of total cell 'ower4  – #efault F ;; d)m

•Total Power   – Ma7T7Power   – #efault F ; d)m according to license

) the wa* CPBC% 'ower G common channel will consume around 9@ of total cell 'ower+

together we can ma2e it con9ergence

T!P !ounter and monitorin

%a4T4Power

•&7am'le : )H#@@@U;  – Ma7T7Power F ; d)m  – Ma7PCPBC%Power F ;; d)m

*CH 5 Common c,annel C*CH

•>e can m onitor TCP usage from counter   –  –  –  –

!S+Ma7TCP /""G%S#PA4 !S+MeanTCP /""G%S#PA4 !S+Ma7TCP+(on%S /""4 !S+MeanTCP+(on%S /""4

•>e checD 'arameter 'arameter setting for A) CAC

%a4T4Power

 – #$ threshold of Conv AM serviceIJ F @  – #$ threshold of Conv nonKAM serviceIJ F @  – #$ threshold of other servicesIJ F L2  – #$ handover access thresholdIJ F 2  – #$ total 'ower 'ower thresholdIJ F "@ •C CAC considers 5$C Trigger Trigger Threshold for admission

*CH 5 Common c,annel C*CH

 – #$ 5$C trigger thresholdIJ F "2

together we can ma2e it con9ergence

&' EN& counter and monitorin

•TaDe a looD at 'arameter setting of ma7imum allowed e?uivalent user num,er   – U$ total e?uivalent user num,er num,er F - /by default0 • E.ample 6 78D99:9U3 •7e chec2 chec2 parameter setting for for &A' A A -

-L threshold threshold of on9 on9 A%& ser9ice8H D < - -L threshold of on9 nonA%& ser9ice8H D < - -L threshold of other ser9ices8H D ;6 - -L hando9er access threshold8H D F6 - -L total power threshold8H D F3 •&& A considers .L Trigger Trigger Threshold for admission B-L .L trigger threshold8H D =<

• $a9e a loo2 -L E- from counter "#RACULTotalTr1$actor • -L E- D 5";= at 51@36 P%" •  Total  Total -L Load D 5";=/F6 D 3";58

together we can ma2e it con9ergence

#$S% and !E !onsumption for "' "!H service Rate &;+p)(

#$

CE Con)umptio n

3"

5

  e   c    i   9   r DL total power t,re),ol%F  ?9   e    0    '    A DL ,an%o-er acce))    & t,re),ol%F  >    =    = UL !LC Relea)e    & DL t,re),ol% o1 Con   0 t,re),ol%F  AMR > )er-iceF    P

 9 DL t,re),ol% o1 Con- nonIAMR )er-iceF  DL t,re),ol% o1 ot,er )er-ice)F  @> DL LDR Trigger T,re),ol%F  @9 DL LDR Relea)e T,re),ol%F  =9

ic Conge)tion'J LDR

7a)ic Conge)tion'J LDR

together we can ma2e it con9ergence

Resource threshold 4 &' Power 'oad !-erloa% Conge)tion 'J !-erloa% Conge)tion Control UlTotalEKU)erNum  9 &ca)e Algorit,m0(    t  e   c    t      c    i   c   e    &    L   9   e    &  e  r   t    L   r  e  c   e    t   s  e   r   c   e    L    L    '  e   r   e   r   e   r    A   9    '    &   o    A    l    l    d    A   n    &   a    &    $    %    A

   t   c   e    L   e   r

UL !LC Triggering t,re),ol%F  ?>

  e   c    i   9 UL !LC Relea)e t,re),ol%F  >   r   e    0    ' UL total power t,re),ol%F  3    A    & UL ,an%o-er acce)) t,re),ol%F  9    =    =    & UL t,re),ol% o1 Con- AMR )er-iceF  @>    0    P UL t,re),ol% o1 Con- nonIAMR )er-iceF 

UL t,re),ol% o1 ot,er )er-ice)F  =9 UL LDR Trigger T,re),ol%F  >> UL LDR Relea)e T,re),ol%F  :>

ic Conge)tion'J LDR

7a)ic Conge)tion'J LDR

all Admission ontrol •

(or odes and redits the algorithm is slightl! simpler" It reser9es a minimum 0( as a spare resource" If this will not be a9ailable after new ser9ice is admitted, the reuest is reected" Incoming $ando9ers are admitted, if the remaining resource is enough for the incoming ser9ice

•

And 0implest of all algorithms is for $0PA connections" %a4 -ser umber is set, reuests be!ond this 9alue are reected and a failure pegged as *L/-L Power

Load &eB0huOing •

Load &eB0huOing can be used to free up resources to ma2e room for new connections •  Qust as with A, utilisation of each resource is monitored" 0hould it brea2 a threshold, the cell goes into a 'asic ongestion 0tate during which it will perform Actions to tr! and reduce utilisation • Enabled Algorithms and associated trigger le9els below#

L*& Actions • In L*& 0tate, the cell will ta2e the following Actions on its

tra:c in attempt to reduce load" • It will perform the ?rst action on de?ned number of &A's and reBassess" If cell is still in L*& state, it will repeat the ?rst action until it fails, before mo9ing to the second action

together we can ma2e it con9ergence

!apacity uprade solution

In resource e5pansion6 these activities would be performed to increase or balance cell capacity /This is assumed that the site has been well optimi7ation0 *.8((P uprade9downrade +.&'9"' !E uprade9downrade

!E

:.Increase &' EN& ;.Increase total RR& power P"S!H code6 if code conest from $oice ?.Increase fi5 HS>P"S!H code6 if low throuhput on HSP") -.Increase Iub bandwidth

!ode Iub

-pgrade Path M urrent .ptimisation Techniues •

(irst -pgrade Path for 0ites with ongestion of ell Le9el &esources is to upgrade to 5nd La!er"  –

•

•

E4tra 7''P 'oard

(5 -pgrades generall! clear Power ongestion as this is based purel! on number of users" *istributing $0 -sers across 5 La!ers reduces number of users on (1/(5 La!er '! modif!ing %a4$0-serum on the (1/(5 La!er from baseline alue is ;, to 35 or 35, the *&* Algorithm will assign more $0 -sers to (5

&( &eB*esign •

If ongestion still e4ists with 5 La!ers, particularl! if there is *L Power or ode ongestion or $igh &T7P, then this suggests the co9erage area should be re9iewed RRR

LTE

LTE C!annel "andwidt!# 

LTE $u#t #u%%o&t t!e inte&national wi&ele## $a&'et and &egional #%e(t&u$ &egulation# and #%e(t&u$ a)aila*ilit+. To t!i# end t!e #%e(ifi(ation# in(lude )a&ia*le (!annel *andwidt!# #ele(ta*le f&o$ .4 to - /H0, wit! #u*(a&&ie& #%a(ing of 1 'H0.

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 2"3- Su*(a&&ie&#.

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5o& - /H0,  N 2" 3-/671'8-93

!hannel bandwidth BWChannel @3H7A

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Transmission ,andwidth configuration  N 2"

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HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD

the number of resource bloc2s

Huawei Confidential

Page4

Admission M ongestion ontrol in LTE ) Usage

oS satisfaction rate

 Admission Control Congestion Control

&' -sage %onitoring 

.n uplin2, eode' will monitoring the &' ratio used b! high priorit! ser9ice, including G'& ser9ice

Co0 0atisfaction &ate N *ownlin2 

(or CID1 oIP ser9ice, the Co0 satisfaction rate is represented b! the ratio of 9oice o9er IP )oIP+ ser9ices whose Co0 reuirements are satis?ed in a cell to all oIP ser9ices in the cell"



(or CID5S ser9ice, Co0 satisfaction rate is e9aluated b! the following formula with each CI 

GBR Service QoS Satisfaction Rate(QCI2~4)= the scheduled data volume/ the total reuired GBR data volume

Co0 0atisfaction &ate N -plin2 

-plin2 Co0 e9aluation is similar as downlin2 

(or CI 1 ser9ice, the Co0 satisfaction rate is represented b! the ratio of 9oice o9er IP )oIP+ ser9ices whose Co0 reuirements are satis?ed in a cell to all oIP ser9ices in the cell



(or CID5S ser9ice, eode' e9aluates the ratio based on each logical channel group which is con?gured b! &&

Admission ontrol 

Admission control determines whether to accept the reuests for new ser9ices and hando9er ser9ices"

onBG'& 0er9ice Admission ontrol 

If the following resource chec2 has passed, nonBG'& ser9ice could be directl! admitted"





-ser number doesn>t achie9e the ma4imum number in the license



-E capabilit! is capable for the reuested ser9ice



o cell congestion indication

After user number, -E capabilit!, 0&' could be directl! admitted

G'& 0er9ice Admission ontrol 

G'& ser9ice admission control is triggered after preliminar! resource chec2"



Co0 satisfaction ratio based admission control is the 2e! technolog! for G'& ser9ice admission control which is used for both uplin2 and downlin2"



(or uplin2 G'& ser9ice, besides Co0 satisfaction ratio, the following will be considered as well@ 

-plin2 &' usage, if it is low than lower threshold, then G'& ser9ice could be directl! admitted

Admission Threshold 'ased on 0atisfaction &atio 

 The admission threshold for hando9ers is 4ci.HoT,%"



 The admission threshold for new gold ser9ices is 4ci.HoT,% plu) NewGol%U)er!)et



 The admission threshold for new sil9er ser9ices is 4ci.HoT,% plu) New#il-erU)er!)et





 The admission threshold for new copper ser9ices is 4ci.HoT,% plu) NewCopperU)er!)et 4ci x HoT,%  4ci x HoT,% J NewGol%U)er!)et  4ci x HoT,% J New#il-erU)er!)et  4ci x HoT,% J NewCopperU)er!)et  1668

Admission *ecision 'ased on Co0 0atisfaction &ate(Cont!) 

ommand for threshold con?guration@

ell ongestion .9er9iew 

ongestion can be pre9ented in most cases if admission control is performed" $owe9er, congestion ma! occur in the following cases@ 



 The ser9ices are di9erse and the data rates of certain ser9ices 9ar! signi?cantl!" ariations in the data 9olume ine9itabl! aect the cell load"  The radio conditions 9ar! because of user mobilit!" The same ser9ice at the same data rate ma! reuire dierent radio resources on dierent occasions"

ell ongestion 0tatus Trigger  The cell is regarded as conge)te% if 1"  The downlin2 Co0 satisfaction rate corresponding to one or more CIs is lower than the rele9ant congestion threshold 5" or if the uplin2 Co0 satisfaction rate is lower than the rele9ant congestion threshold an% the uplin2 &' usage is high" ell congestion indication will be remo9ed if all Co0 satisfaction rate both for uplin2 and down lin2 is higher than the congestion threshold plus an oset"

 The cell is regarded as normal if the Co0 satisfaction rates of all CIs are higher than the corresponding Cci4ongThd )4 D 1N+"

 Threshold on?guration

ell ongestion ontrol 0olution 

If cell is congested, congestion control selects a ser9ice that ran2s the ?rst in the group of admitted lowBpriorit! G'& ser9ices and releases the selected ser9ice"



After the G'& ser9ice is released, the eode' chec2s whether the Co0 satisfaction rates of G'& ser9ices are restored" If the Co0 satisfaction rates of G'& ser9ices are not restored, the eode' performs the G'& ser9ice release procedure again until the congestion is relie9ed"

0ummar! 

 The signi?cance of admission control and congestion control





 The important load indications in the eode' Admission control Uow, especiall! Co0 satisfaction rate based G'& admission control"



ause of cell congestion, and solution for congestion control



Interaction between admission control and congestion control