3900 & 5900 Series Base Station Commissioning Guide (V100R016C10 - 01) (PDF) - EN

 

42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk  Z7??]?7:D7?

Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah Bssuh

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Qrgahngris gka _hrnbssbfks  gka ftchr Cugwhb trgahngris grh trgahngris fj Cugwhb Qhdckflf`bhs Df., Lta. Gll ftchr trgahngris gka trgah kgnhs nhktbfkha bk tcbs afdunhkt grh tch prfphrty fj tchbr rhsphdtbvh cflahrs.  

Kftbdh Qch purdcgsha prfaudts, shrvbdhs gka jhgturhs grh stbpulgtha my tch dfktrgdt ngah mhtwhhk Cugwhb gka tch dustfnhr. dustfnhr. Gll fr pgrt fj tch prfaudts, shrvbdhs gka jhgturhs ahsdrbmha bk tcbs afdunhkt ngy kft mh wbtcbk tch purdcgsh sdfph fr tch usg`h sdfph. Xklhss ftchrwbsh sphdbha sphdbha bk  bk tch dfktrgdt, gll stgthnhkts, bkjfrngtbfk, gka rhdfnnhkagtbfks bk tcbs afdunhkt grh prfvbaha "GT BT" wbtcfut wgrrgktbhs, `ugrgkthhs fr rhprhshktgtbfks fj gky ibka, hbtchr hxprhss fr bnplbha. Qch bkjfrngtbfk bk tcbs afdunhkt bs sumehdt tf dcgk`h wbtcfut kftbdh. Hvhry hfrt hfrt cgs  cgs mhhk ngah bk tch prhpgrgtbfk prhpgr gtbfk fj tcbs afdunhkt tf hksurh gddurgdy fj tch dfkthkts, mut gll stgthnhkts, bkjfrngtbfk, gka rhdfnnhkagtbfkss bk tcbs afdunhkt af kft dfkstbtuth g wgrrgkty fj gky ibka, hxprhss fr bnplbha. rhdfnnhkagtbfk  

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42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

Dfkthkts

Dfkthkts 7 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah........................ @ubah................................... ...................... ............. .. 7 7.7 Dcgk`hs bk 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah........ @ubah................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................4 .......4 7.= Dfnnbssbfkbk` Tdhkgrbf...... Tdhkgrbf................ ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... .................... ..................... ..................... ..................... .................... .........8 8 7.4 Dfnnbssbfkbk` Nfah Bktrfaud Bktrfaudtbfk tbfk gka Thlhdtbfk _flbdbhs........ _flbdbhs................... ..................... ..................... ..................... .................... ..................... ..................... ................ ...... : 7.1 Dfkstrgbk Dfkstrgbkts ts gka Lbnbtgtbfks....... Lbnbtgtbfks.................. ..................... .................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... .................... .................... .......... 7? 7.8 Dfnnbssbfkbk` g Khwly Ahplfyha Mgsh Ttgtbfk........ Ttgtbfk.................. .................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ............. 74 7.8.7 NGH-mgsha NGH-mgsha Dfnnbssbfkbk`..... Dfnnbssbfkbk`............... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... .................... ..................... ..................... ................... ......... 74 7.8.7.7 _rfdhss........... _rfdhss...................... ..................... .................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... .................... ..................... ..................... ..................... .................. ....... 74 7.8.7.= _rhpgrgtbfk......... _rhpgrgtbfk....................... ............................ ............................ ............................ ............................ ............................ ............................ ............................ ............................ ............................. ............................. ................. ... 71 7.8.7.=.7 Ngibk` Ngibk` _rhpgrgtbfks _rhpgrgtbfks fk tch Dfktrfllhr Tbah (Pchk Khwly Gaaha KHs Tuppfrt tch @TN gka XNQT Nfahs)................................................................................................................................................................................78 7.8.7.=.= Xplfgabk` Xplfgabk` tch Tfjtwgrh _gdig`h..........................................................................................................................78 7.8.7.=.4 Xplfgabk` Xplfgabk` g Dfnnbssbfkbk` Lbdhksh (Pchk LQH/K] LQH/K] Thrvbdhs Grh tf Mh Hkgmlha).... Hkgmlha).............. ..................... ............... .... 72 7.8.7.=.1 _rhpgrbk` _rhpgrbk` g Agtg Dfk`urgtbfk Dfk`urgtbfk  Jblh gka g Ahplfynhkt Lbst......................... Lbst.................................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ............. ... =7 7.8.7.=.8 _rhpgrbk` _rhpgrbk` ]]X HTK Dfllhdtbfk Agtg........ Agtg.................. ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... .................... ..................... ..................... .............. .... =8 7.8.7.=.: Fmtgbkbk` Fmtgbkbk` g Ahvbdh _gkhl Argwbk`. Argwbk`............ ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... .................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... .............. =0 7.8.7.=.0 Dchdibk` Dchdibk` g Qrgkspfrt Khtwfri....... Khtwfri................. .................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... .................... ............... ..... =0 7.8.7.=.3 Thttbk` Thttbk` g Jblh Thrvhr jfr KHs (Fkly Pchk tch KH Dgkkft Hstgmlbsc Abrhdt JQ_ Dfkkhdtbfks wbtc tch NGH Thrvhr)...... Thrvhr)................ ..................... ..................... .................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... .................... ..................... ..................... ................... ......... =2 7.8.7.=.2 Thttbk` Thttbk` Hkvbrfkn Hkvbrfknhktgl hktgl Glgrn _grgnhth _grgnhthrs........... rs..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... .................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ........... 47 7.8.7.=.7? _rhpgrbk` _rhpgrbk` Abglbk Abglbk` ` Qhst Qffls..... ffls................... ............................ ............................ ............................ ............................ ............................ ............................ ............................. .......................... ........... 4= 7.8.7.=.77 Drhgtbk` Drhgtbk` gk KH Dfnnbssbfkbk` Qgsi.......... gsi.................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... .................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ................... ........ 4= 7.8.7.=.7= _rbktbk` _rbktbk` tch Mgr Dfah fk tch NGH (Fkly Pchk tch Ahplfynhkt BA Bs Xsha tf Mbka g Mgsh Ttgtbfk)................ Ttgtbfk)...... .................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... .................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ............... ..... 41 7.8.7.=.74 7.8.7.=.7 4 _rhshttbk` g Mgr Dfah Tdgkkhr (Fkly Pchk Ahplfynhkt Ahplfynhkt BA bs Xsha tf Mbka g Mgsh Ttgtbfk)..... 40 7.8.7.=.71 7.8.7.=.7 1 Ttgrtbk` gk KH Dfnnbssbfkbk` Qgsi Qgsi.......... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... .................... ..................... ..................... ................... ......... 42 7.8.7.4 _hrjfrnbk` tch Cgrawgrh Bkstgllgtbfk Dchdi.......................................................................................................1: 7.8.7.4.7 _hrjfrnbk` Cgrawgr Cgrawgrh h Bkstgllgtbfk gka _fwhr _fwhr-Fk -Fk Dchdis....... Dchdis................. ..................... ..................... .................... ..................... ..................... ................ ...... 1: 7.8.7.4.= Dfkaudtbk` g Qrgksnbssbfk Qrgksnbssbfk Lffpmgdi Qhst (Pchk H7/Q7s Grh Xsha jfr Qrgksnbssbfk).. rgksnbssbfk)............ .................. ........ 10 7.8.7.1 Lfdgl Fphrgtbfks.. Fphrgtbfks............ ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... .................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... .................. ........ 10 7.8.7.1.7 _hrjfrnbk` _hrjfrnbk` Mgr-Dfah-Mgsha Mgr-Dfah-Mgsha Mgsh Ttgtbfk Mbkabk` (Fkly Pchk tch Mgsh Ttgtbfk Bs tf Mh Mfuka wbtc tch Ahplfynhkt BA)...... BA)................. ..................... .................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... .................... ..................... ..................... .............. 10 7.8.7.1.= _hrjfrnbk _hrjfrnbk` ` Thrvbdh Qhsts.......... hsts.................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... .................... ..................... ..................... ............. ... 13 7.8.7.8 ]hnfth Fphrgtbfks.. Fphrgtbfks............. ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... .................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ............... 8= Bssuh ?7 (=?=?-?1-?0)

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42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

Dfkthkts

7.8.7.8.7 Nfkbtfrbk` gk KH Dfnnbssbfkbk` Qgsi.......... gsi.................... .................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ................ ..... 8= 7.8.7.8.= Fmtgbkbk` gk KH Dfnnbssbfkbk` Zhrbdgtbfk Zhrbdgtbfk   ]hpfrt....................................................................................81 7.8.7.8.4 Dfkrnbk` Dfkrnbk`  tcgt Gutf Ahplfynhkt Qgsis Grh Dfnplhtha..... Dfnplhtha................ ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... .................. ........81 81 7.8.7.8.1 Thttbk` tch Ngxbnun Futput _fwhr jfr ]J Nfaulhs (Fkly Pchk ]hqubrha my tch Lfdgl ]h`ulgtbfk Ahpgrtnhkt).. Ahpgrtnhkt)............ ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... .................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ................. ....... 88 7.8.7.8.8 Thttbk` Thttbk` gk KH tf tch KF]NGL Nfah........ Nfah.................. .................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ............ 80 7.8.7.: Lfdgl  Lfdgl gka ]hnfth Dffrabkgtbfk.. Dffrabkgtbfk............ ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... .................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... .......... 80 7.8.7.:.7 _hrjfrnbk` _hrjfrnbk` HTK-mgsha Mgsh Ttgtbfk Mbkabk` (Fkly Pchk tch Mgsh Ttgtbfk Bs tf Mh Mfuka wbtc tch HTK)................ HTK)........................... ..................... ..................... ..................... .................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... .................... ..................... ..................... ............. ... 80 7.8.7.:.= Qhstbk` Qhstbk` tch Bkstgllgtbfk gka Ahplfynhkt Wuglbty............................. Wuglbty........................................ ..................... .................... ..................... ..................... .................... .......... 82 7.8.7.:.4 _hrjfrnbk` _hrjfrnbk` Tbth Zhrbdgtbfk Zhrbdgtbfk........... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... .................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ................. ......:4 :4 7.8.7.:.1 Cgkalbk` Cgkalbk` Glgrns....... Glgrns................. ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... .................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... .......... :1 7.8.7.:.8 Dchdibk` Dchdibk` Hkvbrfknhk Hkvbrfknhktgl tgl Glgrn Thttbk`s....... Thttbk`s................. ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... .................... ..................... .................. ....... :8 7.8.7.:.: Dchdibk` Dchdibk` KH Chgltc...................................................................................................................................................:0 7.8.= LNQ+NGH-mgsha LNQ+NGH-mgsha Dfnnbssbfkbk`.... Dfnnbssbfkbk`.............. ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... .................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... .................... ......... 04 7.8.=.7 _rfdhss........... _rfdhss..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... .................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... .................. ....... 04 7.8.=.= _rhpgrgtbfk......... _rhpgrgtbfk....................... ............................ ............................ ............................ ............................ ............................ ............................ ............................ ............................ ............................. ............................. ................. ... 01 7.8.=.=.7 Ngibk` Ngibk` _rhpgrgtbfks _rhpgrgtbfks fk tch Dfktrfllhr Tbah (Pchk Khwly Gaaha KHs Tuppfrt tch @TN gka XNQT Nfahs)................................................................................................................................................................................01 Nfahs)................................................................................................................................................................................01 7.8.=.=.= _rhpgrbk` _rhpgrbk` g Tfjtwgrh _gdig`h, Agtg Dfk`urgtbfk Dfk`urgtbfk Jblhs,  Jblhs, gka Ahplfynhkt Lbsts..................... Lbsts............................... .......... 08 7.8.=.=.4 Xplfgabk` Xplfgabk` g Dfnnbssbfkbk` Lbdhksh (Pchk LQH/K] Thrvbdhs grh tf mh Hkgmlha)....................... Hkgmlha)..............................03 .......03 7.8.=.=.1 _rhpgrbk` _rhpgrbk` ]]X HTK Dfllhdtbfk Agtg........ Agtg.................. ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... .................... ..................... ..................... .............. .... 03 7.8.=.=.8 Fmtgbkbk` Fmtgbkbk` g Ahvbdh _gkhl Argwbk`. Argwbk`............ ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... .................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... .............. 02 7.8.=.=.: Dchdibk` Dchdibk` g Qrgkspfrt Khtwfri....... Khtwfri................. .................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... .................... ............... ..... 02 7.8.=.=.0 Thttbk` Thttbk` Hkvbrfkn Hkvbrfknhktgl hktgl Glgrn _grgnhth _grgnhthrs........... rs..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... .................... ..................... ........... 3? 7.8.=.=.3 _rhpgrbk` _rhpgrbk` Abglbk` Qhst Qffls......... ffls................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... .................... ..................... ..................... ..................... .................. ....... 3? 7.8.=.=.2 Drhgtbk` Drhgtbk` KH Dfnnbssbfkbk` Qgsis.......... gsis.................... .................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ............... ..... 3? 7.8.=.=.7? Ttgrtbk` Ttgrtbk` gk KH Dfnnbssbfkbk` Qgsi Qgsi.......... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... .................... ................... ......... 3= 7.8.=.4 Cgrawgrh Cgrawgrh Bkstgllgtbfk Dchdi..... Dchdi................ ..................... .................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... .................... .............. .... 30 7.8.=.4.7 _hrjfrnbk` _hrjfrnbk` Cgrawgr Cgrawgrh h Bkstgllgtbfk gka _fwhr _fwhr-Fk -Fk Dchdis....... Dchdis................. .................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ................ ...... 30 7.8.=.4.= Dfkaudtbk` Dfkaudtbk` g Qrgksnbssbfk Lffpmgdi Qhst (Pchk H7/Q7s Grh Xsha jfr Qrgksnbssbfk)........... Qrgksnbssbfk).................... ......... 30 7.8.=.1 Lfdgl Fphrgtbfks.. Fphrgtbfks............ ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... .................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... .................. ........ 33 7.8.=.1.7 Lf``bk` Lf``bk` Bk tf tch LNQ gka Absgmlbk` tch ACD_ Jukdtbfk.................... Jukdtbfk.............................. ..................... ..................... .................... ..................... ............... 33 7.8.=.1.= Lfgabk` Lfgabk` tch Tfjtwgrh, Agtg Dfk`urgtbfk Dfk`urgtbfk Jblh,  Jblh, gka Dfnnbssbfkbk` Lbdhksh my Xsbk` tch LNQ ........................ ............. ........................... ............................ ............................ ............................ ............................ ............................ ............................. ............................. ............................ ............................ ............................ .......................... ............ 2: 7.8.=.1.4 _hrjfrnbk` _hrjfrnbk` Thrvbdh Qhsts................ Qhsts.............................. ............................ ............................ ............................ ............................ ............................ ............................. ............................. ..................... ....... 7?? 7.8.=.8 ]hnfth Fphrgtbfks.. Fphrgtbfks............. ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... .................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ........... 7?? 7.8.=.8.7 Nfkbtfrbk` Nfkbtfrbk` gk KH Dfnnbssbfkbk` Qgsi.......... gsi.................... .................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... .............. ... 7?? 7.8.=.8.= Gdqubrbk` Gdqubrbk` gk KH Dfnnbssbfkbk` Zhrbdgtbfk ]hpfrt...... ]hpfrt................ ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ............. ... 7?? 7.8.=.8.4 Dfk Dfkrnbk` rnbk`   tcgt Gutf Ahplfynhkt Qgsis Grh Dfnplhtha..........................................................................7?7 7.8.=.8.1 Thttbk` Thttbk` tch Ngxbnun Futput _fwhr jfr ]J Nfaulhs(Fkly Pchk ]hqubrha my tch Lfdgl ]h`ulgtbfk Ahpgrtnhkt).... Ahpgrtnhkt).............. ..................... ..................... .................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... .................... ..................... .............. ... 7?7 7.8.=.8.8 Thttbk` Thttbk` gk KH tf tch KF]NGL Nfah........ Nfah.................. .................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... .................... .........7?7 7?7 7.8.=.: Lfdgl gka ]hnfth Dffrabkgtbfk.. Dffrabkgtbfk............ ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... .................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ...................7?= ........7?= Bssuh ?7 (=?=?-?1-?0)

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42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

Dfkthkts

7.8.=.:.7 Qhstbk` Bkstgllgtbfk gka Ahplfynhkt Wuglbty......... Wuglbty.................... ..................... .................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... .............. ... 7?= 7.8.=.:.= _hrjfrnbk` Tbth Zhrbdgtbfk Zhrbdgtbfk........... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... .................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... .............. ... 7?= 7.8.=.:.4 Cgkalbk` Glgrns.......................................................................................................................................................7?= 7.8.=.:.1 Dchdibk` Hkvbrfknhktgl Glgrn Thttbk`s..........................................................................................................7?= 7.8.=.:.8 Dchdibk` KH Chgltc....... Chgltc................. ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... .................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ............. 7?= 7.: Dfnnbssbfkbk` g Nfah Khwly Gaaha tf g Thpgrgth-N_Q Nultbnfah Mgsh Ttgtbfk......................... Ttgtbfk.................................7?= ........7?= 7.:.7 NGH-mgsha Dfnnbssbfkbk`..... Dfnnbssbfkbk`............... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... .................... ..................... ..................... ................. .......7?= 7?= 7.:.= LNQ+NGH-mgsha Dfnnbssbfkbk`.... Dfnnbssbfkbk`.............. ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... .................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................7?0 .......7?0 7.0 Dfnnbssbfkbk` g Nfah Khwly Gaaha tf g Df-N_Q Nultbnfah Mgsh Ttgtbfk....... Ttgtbfk................. ..................... ..................... .................7?3 .......7?3 7.3 ]hjhrhk ]hjhrhkdhs......... dhs.................... ..................... .................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... .................... ..................... ..................... ..................... .................. ....... 77= 7.3.7 Bkthrjgdh Ahsdrbptbfk5 KH Dfnnbssbfkbk` Pbkafw...... Pbkafw................ ..................... ..................... .................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..............77= ....77= 7.3.= _grgn _grgnhthr hthr Ahsdrbptbfk5 Ttgrtbk` KH Dfnnbssbfkbk`Q Dfnnbssbfkbk`Qgsis........ gsis................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ...................771 .........771 7.3.4 _grgn _grgnhthr hthr Ahsdrbptbfk5 Ahplfynhkt Lbst......... Lbst................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ................... ......... 7=4 7.3.1 Hxpfrtbk` Ahplfynhkt Lbsts gka Dfk`urgtbfk Dfk`urgtbfk  Jblhs fj Mgsh Ttgtbfks........ Ttgtbfks.................. ..................... ..................... .................... ................. ....... 7:3 7.3.8 Fmtgbkbk` KH Dfnnbssbfkbk` ]hpfrts..... ]hpfrts................ ..................... ..................... ..................... .................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ................. ...... 704 7.3.: _rhpgrbk` g _rh-dfk`urgtbfk _rh-dfk`urgtbfk   Tdrbpt........................................................................................................................701 7.3.0 XH Jgblbk` tf Thgrdc tch Khtwfri........ Khtwfri.................. ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... .................... ..................... ............... 70: 7.3.3 ZTP] Qhst..........................................................................................................................................................................700 7.3.2 Ahthdtbk` Drfssha _gbrs....... _gbrs.................. ..................... ..................... ..................... .................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ............ 702 7.3.7? Ahthdtbk` Bkthrnfaulgtbfk Bkthrjhr Bkthrjhrhkdh........ hkdh................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... .................... ................... .........73= 73= 7.3.77 Dfnnbssbfkbk` tch GLA....... GLA................. ..................... ..................... .................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ................... .........731 731 7.3.7= Tbk`lh-Tbah Tbk`lh-Tbah Ahplfynhkt fj g Nultbnfah Mgsh Ttgtbfk....... Ttgtbfk.................. ..................... .................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ............. ... 731 7.3.7=.7 Bktrfaudtbfk Bktrfaudtbfk tf Ahplfynhkt fj Thpgrgth-N_Q Nultbnfah Nultbnfah Mgsh Ttgtbfks gt Fkh Tbah.................... Tbah....................738 738 7.3.7=.= Bkstgllgtbfk Bkstgllgtbfk gka Dfnnbssbfkbk` fj Thpgrgth-N_Q Nultbnfah Mgsh Ttgtbfks gt Fkh Tbah.............72? 7.3.74 Dfnnbssbfkbk` Dfnnbssbfkbk` hKfahM (QAA) Fbkh Fbkh.......... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... .................... ..................... ..................... ...................720 .........720 7.3.71 JGW.............. JGW........................ ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... .................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... .................... .................... .......... 720

Bssuh ?7 (=?=?-?1-?0)

Dfpyrb`ct © Cugwhb Qhdckflf`bhs Df., Lta.

bv

 

42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

7 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

7

 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

Qcbs afdunhkt ahsdrbmhs cfw tf dfnnbssbfk g mgsh stgtbfk gka vhrbjy tcgt bt wfris prfphrly gs ahsb`kha. Qcbs afdunhkt gssunhs tcgt tch cgrawgrh cgrawgrh cgs mhhk bkstgllha, tch agtg dfk`urgtbfk dfk`urgtbfk bs  bs dfnplhth, tch sfjtwgrh sfjt wgrh fj tch tgr`ht vhrsbfk cgs mhhk fmtgbkha, gka tch dfnnbssbfkbk` lbdhksh lbd hksh cgs mhhk gdqubrha. KFQ KF Q

◆ Jfr aht ahtgbls gbls gmfut gmfut cfw tf bkstgll bkstgll ttch ch cgr cgrawgr awgrh h fj g mgsh stg stgtbfk, tbfk, shh tch tch dfrrhspfkab dfrrhspfkabk` k` bkstgllgtbfk `ubah. Jfr ahtgbls gmfut sphdbgl rhqubrhnhkts fr lbnbtgtbfks fk g sphdbd sphdbd jhgturh,  jhgturh, shh tch dfrrhspfkabk` jhgturh pgrgnhthr ahsdrbptbfk. Jfr ahtgbls gmfut cfw tf phrjfrn agtg dfk`urgtbfk, shh dfk`urgtbfk,  shh 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Bkbtbgl Dfk`urgtbfk Dfk`urgtbfk @ubah.  @ubah. Qcbs afdunhkt afhs kft dfktgbk tchsh tcrhh typhs fj bkjfrngtbfk. ◆ Xk Xklh lhss ss ft ftch chrw rwbs bsh h sphdbha, sphdbha, bk  bk tcbs afdunhkt, LQH QH gka  gka hKfahM hKfahM glwgys  glwgys bkdluah JAA, QAA, gka KM-BfQ.. Bk sdhkgrbfs wchrh tchy khha tf mh abstbk`ubscha, LQH JAA, KM-BfQ JAA, LQH QAA, QAA, gka LQH KMBfQ grh BfQ  grh usha. Qch sgnh rulhs gpply tf hKfahM. ◆ Xk Xklh lhss ss ft ftch chrw rwbs bsh h sphdbha, sphdbha, bk  bk tcbs afdunhkt, K] K] gka  gka `KfahM glwgys `KfahM glwgys bkdluah JAA gka QAA. Bk sdhkgrbfs wchrh tchy khha tf mh abstbk`ubscha, K] JAA gka JAA gka K] QAA grh QAA grh usha. Qch sgnh rulhs gpply tf `KfahM. ◆ Bk tcbs tcbs af afdu dunh nhkt kt,, ngbk dfktrfl mfgra  mfgra sphdbhs sphdbhs mfgras  mfgras tcgt cgvh ngbk dfktrfl dgpgmblbtbhs. Tudc mfgras bkdluah tch @QNX, PN_Q PN_Q,, LN_Q, LN_Q, fr XN_Q bk tch MMX42??/MMX427?, tch XNAX bk tch MMX427?G, fr tch XN_Q bk tch MMX82??.

_rfaudt Zhrsbfk Qch jfllfwbk` tgmlh lbsts tch prfaudt vhrsbfks rhlgtha tf tcbs afdunhkt. _rfaudt Kgnh

Tflutbfk Zhrsbfk

_rfaudt Zhrsbfk

MQT42??

◆ T]GK7:.7

Z7??]?7:D7?

MQT42??G

◆ @MTT==.7 ◆ ]GK==.7

MQT42??L

◆ h]GK7:.7

MQT42??GL

◆ 8@ ]GK4.7

MQT82??

◆ T]GK7:.7

Bssuh ?7 (=?=?-?1-?0)

Dfpyrb`ct © Cugwhb Qhdckflf`bhs Df., Lta.

7

 

42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

7 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

_rfaudt Kgnh

Tflutbfk Zhrsbfk

MQT82??G

◆ @MTT==.7

_rfaudt Zhrsbfk

◆ ]GK==.7

MQT82??L

◆ h]GK7:.7 ◆ 8@ ]GK4.7

AMT42??

◆ T]GK7:.7 ◆ @MTT==.7 ◆ ]GK==.7 ◆ h]GK7:.7 ◆ h]GK h]GK QAA QAA 7:.7 7:.7 ◆ 8@ ]GK4.7

AMT82??

◆ T]GK7:.7 ◆ @MTT==.7 ◆ ]GK==.7 ◆ h]GK7:.7 ◆ h]GK h]GK QAA QAA 7:.7 7:.7 ◆ 8@ ]GK4.7

AMT42?? LgnpTbth

◆ T]GK7:.7 ◆ ]GK==.7 ◆ h]GK7:.7 ◆ h]GK h]GK QAA QAA 7:.7 7:.7 ◆ 8@ ]GK4.7

AMT82?? LgnpTbth

◆ T]GK7:.7 ◆ ]GK==.7 ◆ h]GK7:.7 ◆ h]GK h]GK QAA QAA 7:.7 7:.7 ◆ 8@ ]GK4.7

MQT42??D

◆ T]GK7:.7 ◆ ]GK==.7

 

Bkthkaha Guabhkdh Qcbs afdunhkt bs bkthkaha jfr5 ◆

Jbhla hk`bkhhrs

◆

Dfnn Dfnnbs bsssbfkb bfkbk k` hk hk`bkh `bkhhr hrss

Fr`gkbzgtbfk 7.7 Dcgk`hs bk 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah Bssuh ?7 (=?=?-?1-?0)

Dfpyrb`ct © Cugwhb Qhdckflf`bhs Df., Lta.

=

 

42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

7 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

7.= Dfnnbssbfkbk` Tdhkgrbf Qchrh grh tcrhh typhs fj dfnnbssbfkbk` sdhkgrbfs5 dfnnbssbfkbk` g khwly ahplfyha mgsh stgtbfk, dfnnbssbfkbk` g nfah gaaha tf g shpgrgth-N_Q nultbnfah mgsh stgtbfk, gka dfnnbssbfkbk` g nfah gaaha tf g df-N_Q mgsh stgtbfk. 7.4 Dfnnbssbfkbk` Nfah Bktrfaudtbfk gka Thlhdtbfk _flbdbhs Qch 42?? & 82?? shrbhs mgsh stgtbfks suppfrt twf typbdgl dfnnbssbfkbk` nfahs5 NGH-mgsha dfnnbssbfkbk` gka LNQ+NGH-mgsha dfnnbssbfkbk`. Qcbs shdtbfk prfvbahs `ubahlbkhs tf chlp hla hla hk`bkhhrs  hk`bkhhrs shlhdt fkh fj tchsh dfnnbssbfkbk` nfahs mgsha fk tchbr dcgrgdthrbstbds, gpplbdgtbfk sdhkgrbfs, sbth dfkabtbfks, gka rhdfnnhkaha pflbdbhs. Qcbs afdunhkt ahsdrbmhs tch ahplfynhkt gka dfnnbssbfkbk` nfahs gka shlhdtbfk pflbdbhs suppfrtha my 42?? shrbhs mgsh stgtbfks. Xklhss ftchrwbsh sphdbha, sphdbha, tcbs  tcbs afdunhkt glsf gpplbhs tf 82?? shrbhs mgsh stgtbfks. 7.1 Dfkstrgbkts gka Lbnbtgtbfks Qcbs shdtbfk ahsdrbmhs dfkstrgbkts gka lbnbtgtbfks fk mgsh stgtbfk dfnnbssbfkbk` bk vgrbfus sdhkgrbfs. 7.8 Dfnnbssbfkbk` g Khwly Ahplfyha Mgsh Ttgtbfk Pchk g khw khw mgsh stgtbfk khhas tf mh ahplfyha, tch jfllfwbk` dfnnbssbfkbk` nfahs dgk mh usha5 NGH-mgsha dfnnbssbfkbk` gka LNQ+NGH-mgsha dfnnbssbfkbk`. dfnnbssbfk bk`. Qcbs shdtbfk ushs tch MQT42?? gs gk hxgnplh. Xklhss ftchrwbsh sphdbha, tc sphdbha,  tch h sgnh fphrgtbfks fphrgtbfks gpply tf tch MQT82??. 7.: Dfnnbs Dfnnbssbfkbk` sbfkbk` g Nfah Khwly Gaaha tf g Thpgrgth-N_Q Nultbnfah Mgsh Ttgtbfk Qcbs shdtbfk ahsdrbmhs shdtbfk ahsdrbmhs cfw tf dfnnbssbfk g nfah khwly gaaha tf g shpgrgth-N_Q nultbnfah mgsh stgtbfk. Pchk g khw nfah bs gaaha tf g shpgrgth-N_Q nultbnfah mgsh stgtbfk, tch jfllfwbk` dfnnbssbfkbk` nfahs dgk mh usha5 NGHmgsha dfnnbssbfkbk` dfnnbssbfkbk` gka LNQ+NGH-mgsha dfnnbssbfkbk`. Dfnnbssbfkbk` g Nfah Khwly Gaaha tf g Df-N_Q Nultbnfah Mgsh Ttgtbfk 7.0 Dfnnbssbfkbk` Qcbs shdtbfk ahsdrbm shdtbfk ahsdrbmhs hs cfw tf dfnnbssbfk g nfah khwly gaaha tf g df-N_Q nultbnfah mgsh stgtbfk. NGH-mgsha dfnnbssbfkbk` bs rhdfnnhkaha. 7.3 ]hjhrhkdhs ]hjhrhkdhs Qcbs shdtbfk ahsdrbmhs shdtbfk ahsdrbmhs tch `rgpcbdgl ushr bkthrjgdhs (@XBs), pgrgnhthrs, gka dfnnfk fphrgtbfks fphrgtbfks bkvflvha bk dfnnbssbfkbk`. Bt glsf ahsdrbmhs dfnnfk dfnnbssbfkbk` dfnnbssbfk bk` prfmlhns, dgushs, gka trfumlhscfftbk` nhtcfas.

7.7 Dcgk`hs bk 42?? 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah Qcbs dcgpthr dcgpthr ahsdrbmhs dcgk`hs bk 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk`  @ubah  fj  fj hgdc hgdc vhrsbfk.

?7 (=?=?-?1-?0) Qcbs bs tch rst rst dfnnhrdbgl  dfnnhrdbgl rhlhgsh. Dfnpgrha wbtc Argjt G (=?=?-?7-=?), tcbs bssuh afhs kft bkdluah gky khw bkjfrngtbfk. bkjfrngtbfk . Bssuh ?7 (=?=?-?1-?0)

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42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

7 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

Dfnpgrha wbtc Argjt G (=?=?-?7-=?), tcbs bssuh bkdluahs tch jfllfwbk` dcgk`hs. Qfpbd

Dcgk`h Ahsdrbptbfk

7.8.=.1.= Lfgabk` tch Tfjtwgrh, Agtg

Nfabha tch Nfabha  tch ahsdrbptbfks bk "Xsbk` NNL Dfnngkas."

Dfk`urgtbf k Jblh, gka Dfnnbssbfk bk` Lbdhksh my Xsbk` tch LNQ   Dfnpgrha wbtc Argjt G (=?=?-?7-=?), tcbs bssuh afhs kft hxdluah gky tfpbds.

Argjtt G (=?=?-?7-=?) Argj Qcbs bs g argjt. Dfnpgrha wbtc wbtc Bssuh ?7 (=?72-?:-?:) fj Z7??]?78D7?, tcbs bssuh bkdluahs tch jfllfwbk` khw tfpbds5 ◆

7.8.7.=.8 _rhpgrbk` ]]X HTK Dfllhdtbfk Agtg

◆

7.8.=.=.1 _rhpgrbk` ]]X HTK Dfllhdtbfk Agtg

Dfnpgrha wbtc Bssuh ?7 (=?72-?:-?:) fj Z7??]?78D7?, tcbs bssuh bkdluahs tch jfllfwbk` dcgk`hs. Qfpbd

Dcgk`h Ahsdrbptbfk

Qch wcflh afdunhkt

◆ Dcg Dcgk`h k`ha a tch tch kgnh kgnh fj fj X=?=? X=?=? tf NGH. NGH.

7.3.3 ZTP]

Nfabha tch Nfabha  tch ahsdrbptbfk bk "_rhrhqubsbths." " _rhrhqubsbths."

◆ Dcgk Dcgk`ha `ha tch kgnh fj DNH DNH tf tf NGH-Ahp NGH-Ahplfynhk lfynhkt. t.

Qhst 7.3.2 Ahthdtbk` Drfssha _gbrs

Nfabha tch Nfabha  tch ahsdrbptbfk bk "_rhrhqubsbths." " _rhrhqubsbths."

7.3.7? Ahthdtbk` Bkthrnfaulg tbfk Bkthrjhrhkdh

Nfabha tch Nfabha  tch ahsdrbptbfk bk "_rhrhqubsbths." " _rhrhqubsbths."

 

Dfnpgrha wbtc wbtc (=?72-?:-?:) fj Z7??]?78D7?, tcbs bssuh hxdluahs tch jfllfwbk` tfpbds5 tfp bds5Bssuh ?7 (=?72-?:-?:) Bssuh ?7 (=?=?-?1-?0)

Dfpyrb`ct © Cugwhb Qhdckflf`bhs Df., Lta.

1

 

42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

◆

7 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

XTM+ XTM+X= X=?= ?=??-mg mgsh sha aD Dfn fnnb nbss ssbf bfkb kbk` k`

7.= Dfnnbssbfkbk` Tdhkgrbf Qchrh grh tcrhh typhs fj dfnnbssbfkbk` sdhkgrbfs5 dfnnbssbfkbk` g khwly ahplfyha mgsh stgtbfk, dfnnbssbfkbk` g nfah gaaha tf g shpgrgth-N_Q nultbnfah mgsh stgtbfk, gka dfnnbssbfkbk` g nfah gaaha tf g df-N_Q mgsh stgtbfk. Dfnnbssb fkbk` Tdhkgrbf

Ahsdrbptbfk

Dfnnbssb fkbk` g khwly ahplfyha mgsh stgtbfk

Ahplfy fkh fr nfrh KHsg tcgt dgk mh ngkg`ha gka ngbktgbkha my tch NGH. ◆ @MQT5 @MQT5 KH prf prfvba vbabk` bk` @TN shr shrvbdh vbdhss ◆ MQT42?? MQT42?? PDANG/M PDANG/MQT82?? QT82?? PDANG5 PDANG5 KH prfvbabk` prfvbabk` XNQT shrvbdhs (Bt bs kgnha KfahM bk tcbs afdunhkt.) ◆ MQT42?? MQT42?? LQH/M LQH/MQT82?? QT82?? LQH5 LQH5 KH prfvbabk` prfvbabk` LQH LQH shrvbdhs shrvbdhs (Bt bs kgnha hKfahM bk tcbs afdunhkt.) ◆ MQT42?? MQT42?? 8@5 KH KH prfvbabk` prfvbabk` K] shrvbdhs shrvbdhs ((Bt Bt bs kgnha kgnha `KfahM `KfahM bk tcbs afdunhkt.) ◆ MQT82?? MQT82?? 8@5 KH KH prfvbabk` prfvbabk` K] shrvbdhs shrvbdhs ((Bt Bt bs kgnha kgnha `KfahM `KfahM bk tcbs afdunhkt.) ◆ MQT42??5 MQT42??5 df-N_Q df-N_Q mgsh stgtbfk stgtbfk gka gka h@MQT h@MQT wcfsh wcfsh ngbk dfktr dfktrfl fl mfgra bs g @QNXm/@QNXd ◆ MQ MQT82 T82??5 ??5 df-N_Q df-N_Q mgsh mgsh sstgt tgtbfk bfk

Dfnnbssb fkbk` g nfah khwly gaaha tf g

Gaa KHs fj fkh fr nfrh nfahs tf g ahplfyha shpgrgth-N_Q nultbnfah mgsh stgtbfk.

shpgrgthN_Q nultbnfa h mgsh stgtbfk Dfnnbssb fkbk` g nfah khwly gaaha tf g df-N_Q nultbnfa h mgsh stgtbfk

Bssuh ?7 (=?=?-?1-?0)

Gaa shrvbdhs fj gkftchr nfah tf g ahplfyha df-N_Q mgsh stgtbfk.

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42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

Dfnnbssb fkbk` Tdhkgrbf

7 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

Ahsdrbptbfk

g5 G sbk`lh-nfah mgsh stgtbfk gka g df-N_Q mgsh stgtbfk cgvh fkly fkh KH. Qchrhjfrh, Qchrhjfr h, fkly fkh dfnnbssbfkbk` tgsi bs rhqubrha. G shpgrgth-N_Q nultbnfah mgsh stgtbfk cgs twf fr nfrh KHs. Rfu khha tf phrjfrn g dfnnbssbfkbk` tgsi jfr hgdc KH.  

7.4 Dfnnbssbfkbk` Nfah Bktrfaudtbfk gka Thlhdtbfk _flbdbhs Qch 42?? & 82?? shrbhs mgsh stgtbfks suppfrt twf typbdgl dfnnbssbfkbk` nfahs5 NGH-mgsha dfnnbssbfkbk` gka LNQ+NGH-mgsha dfnnbssbfkbk`. Qcbs shdtbfk prfvbahs `ubahlbkhs tf chlp hla hla hk`bkhhrs  hk`bkhhrs shlhdt fkh fj tchsh dfnnbssbfkbk` nfahs mgsha fk tchbr dcgrgdthrbstbds, gpplbdgtbfk sdhkgrbfs, sbth dfkabtbfks, gka rhdfnnhkaha pflbdbhs. Qcbs afdunhkt ahsdrbmhs tch ahplfynhkt gka dfnnbssbfkbk` nfahs gka shlhdtbfk pflbdbhs suppfrtha my 42?? shrbhs mgsh stgtbfks. Xklhss ftchrwbsh sphdbha, sphdbha, tcbs  tcbs afdunhkt glsf gpplbhs tf 82?? shrbhs mgsh stgtbfks.

Dfnnbssbfkbk` Nfahs Qch jfllfwbk` tgmlh lbsts twf dfnnbssbfkbk` nfahs.

Bssuh ?7 (=?=?-?1-?0)

Dfpyrb`ct © Cugwhb Qhdckflf`bhs Df., Lta.

:

 

42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

7 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

Qgmlh 7-7 Dfnnbssbfkbk` 7-7 Dfnnbssbfkbk` Nfahs Dfnnbssbfkbk ` Nfah

Ahsdrbptbfk

Gavgktg`h s

Absgavgkt g`hs

NGH-mgsha dfnnbssbfkbk`

Gjthr g mgsh stgtbfk bs pfwhrha fk, tch rhnfth hk`bkhhrs ush tch plu`gka-plgy jukdtbfks fj tch NGH tf

◆ Cb`c gutfngt bfk

◆ Qch ahplfy nhkt

dfnnbssbfk tch mgsh stgtbfk. Qch dfnnbssbfkbk` tgsis bkdluah5

ah`rhh ◆ Tibll rhqubrh nhkts jfr phrsfkk hl grh lfw.

◆ Gutf Gutf-ab -absd sdfv fvhr hry5 y5 Qch Qch FN dcgkkhl mhtwhhk tch mgsh stgtbfk gka tch NGH bs sht up gutfngtbdglly tcrfu`c g Aykgnbd Cfst Dfk`urgtbfk _rftfdfl (ACD_) prfdhss. ◆   Gutf-dfk`urgtbfk5 Gjthr Gutf-dfk`urgtbfk5 Gjthr tch FN dcgkkhl bs sht up, tch mgsh stgtbfk hkthrs tch gutfdfk`urgtbfk pcgsh dfk`urgtbfk  pcgsh tf up`rgah tch sfjtwgrh gka upagth tch dfk`urgtbfks. ◆ Hk`bkh Hk`bkhhrb hrbk` k` quglbty quglbty dchdi5 dchdi5 Fphrgtfrs dchdi tch tcbra-pgrty hk`bkhhrbk` bkstgllgtbfk quglbty fj tch mgsh stgtbfks my dchdibk` tch gkthkkg ZTP], drfssha pgbr dfkkhdtbfk, bkthrnfaulgtbfk bkthrjhrhkdh, gka D_]B dgmlh dfkkhdtbfk. ◆ Tbth vhrbdgtbfk5 vhrbdgtbfk5 Fphrgtfrs  Fphrgtfrs dchdi tch stgtus fj mgsh stgtbfks, dlfdis, gka dhlls tf ahthrnbkh wchtchr tch mgsh stgtbfks grh rukkbk` prfphrly.

Bssuh ?7 (=?=?-?1-?0)

Dfpyrb`ct © Cugwhb Qhdckflf`bhs Df., Lta.

aurgtbfk ahphkas fk tch trgksnbs sbfk khtwfri . @hkhrgll  y, tch tch ahplfy nhkt aurgtbfk bs lfk`hr tcgk 4? nbkuths. ◆ G m gr dfah sdgkkhr gka g prbkthr grh rhqubrha jfr mbkabk` g mgr dfah tf g mgsh stgtbfk.

0

 

42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

7 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

Dfnnbssbfkbk ` Nfah

Ahsdrbptbfk

Gavgktg`h s

Absgavgkt g`hs

LNQ+NGHmgsha dfnnbssbfkbk`

Gjthr g mgsh stgtbfk bs pfwhrha fk, fphrgtfrs dgk dfnnbssbfk tch mgsh stgtbfk fk tch LNQ fr NGH. Qch dfnnbssbfkbk` tgsis bkdluah5

◆ Qch ahplfyn hkt aurgtbfk

◆ Qcbs nhtcfa jhgturhs lfw

◆   Dfk`urgtbfk5 Fphrgtfrs Dfk`urgtbfk5 Fphrgtfrs up`rgah tch sfjtwgrh gka upagth tch dfk`urgtbfks dfk`urgtbfks fk  fk tch LNQ, LNQ, gka tch mgsh stgtbfk shts up tch FNDC wbtc tch NGH mgsha fk tch upagtha dfk`urgtbfk agtg. dfk`urgtbfk  agtg.

bs scfrt. ◆ Fphrgtf rs dgk ruk NNL dfnngk as tf lfdgth jgults tcgt fddur aurbk` dfnnbss bfkbk`.

gutfng tbfk gka cb`c rhqubrh nhkts jfr ngkugl siblls. Qchrhjfr h, g lgptfp fk wcbdc tch LNQ sfjtwgr

◆ Hk`b Hk`bkh khhr hrbk bk` ` quglb quglbty ty thst5 thst5 Fphrgtfrs ruk NNL dfnngkas fk tch LNQ fr ush tch hk`bkhhrbk` quglbty thst bthns fj tch NGH gutfngtbd ahplfynhkt jukdtbfk tf dchdi tch hk`bkhhrbk` quglbty fj mgsh stgtbfks. ◆ Tbth vhrbdgtbfk5 vhrbdgtbfk5 Fphrgtfrs  Fphrgtfrs ush tch gutfngtbd ahplfynhkt jukdtbfk fj tch NGH tf dchdi tch stgtus fj mgsh stgtbfks, dlfdis, gka dhlls tf ahthrnbkh wchtchr tch mgsh stgtbfks grh rukkbk` prfphrly.

h bs bkstgllha bs rhqubrha . ◆ Qcbs dfnnbs sbfkbk` nfah gpplbhs fkly tf tch MQT42? ?/ KfahM/ hKfahM / `KfahM / MQT82? ?.

 

Dfnnbssbfkbk` Nfah Thlhdtbfk  R  Rfu fu nust lhgrk tch jfllfwbk` bkjfrngtbfk mhjfrh mhjfrh shlhdtbk` g dfnnbssbfkbk` nfah5 ◆

Hk`bkh Hk`bkhhrs hrs nu nust st ukahrs ukahrstgk tgka a tch rh rhqub qubrh rhnhk nhkts ts fj rhnft rhnfth h dfnnbss dfnnbssbfk bfkbk` bk` jfr jfr tch trgkspfrt khtwfri hqubpnhkt. Jfr ahtgbls, shh Gutfngtbd FNDC Hstgmlbscnhkt Jhgturh gka _grgnhthr Ahsdrbptbfk.

Bssuh ?7 (=?=?-?1-?0)

Dfpyrb`ct © Cugwhb Qhdckflf`bhs Df., Lta.

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42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

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7 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

Hk`bkhhrs Hk`bkhhrs nust ukahrstgk ukahrstgka a tch tch rhqubr rhqubrhnhkt hnhktss jfr jfr tch trgkspfrt trgkspfrt khtwf khtwfri ri gka gka hqubpnhkt bk vgrbfus shdurbty khtwfribk` kht wfribk` nfahs. Jfr ahtgblha rhqubrhnhkts, shh Gddhss Dfktrfl mgsha fk 3?=.7x 3?=.7 x Jhgturh _grgnhthr Ahsdrbptbfk, TTL Jhgturh _grgnhthr Ahsdrbptbfk, B_shd Jhgturh _grgnhthr Ahsdrbptbfk, gka _IB Jhgturh _grgnhthr Ahsdrbptbfk. Jfr ahtgbls gmfut cfw tf gdtbvgth jhgturhs bk vgrbfus shdurbty khtwfribk` sdhkgrbfs, shh Hk`bkhhrbk` @ubahlbkhs bk @ubahlbkhs bk tch prhdhabk` afdunhkts.

Dfnnbssbfkbk` Nfah Thlhdtbfk _flbdbhs Bt bs rhdfnnhkaha tcgt sbth hk`bkhhrs wfri fut gk glthrkgtbvh dfnnbssbfkbk` nfah mgsha fk tch mgsh stgtbfk dfk`urgtbfk, dfk`urgtbfk, trgksnbssbfk  trgksnbssbfk khtwfribk`, gka dustfnhr rhqubrhnhkts jfr tch afwktbnh fr ftchr dfukthrs.

Bssuh ?7 (=?=?-?1-?0)

Dfpyrb`ct © Cugwhb Qhdckflf`bhs Df., Lta.

2

 

42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

7 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

Jb`urh 7-7 Dfnnbssbfkbk` 7-7 Dfnnbssbfkbk` nfah shlhdtbfk fwdcgrt

7.1 Dfkstrgbkts gka Lbnbtgtbfks Qcbs shdtbfk ahsdrbmhs dfkstrgbkts gka lbnbtgtbfks fk mgsh stgtbfk dfnnbssbfkbk` bk vgrbfus sdhkgrbfs. Bssuh ?7 (=?=?-?1-?0)

Dfpyrb`ct © Cugwhb Qhdckflf`bhs Df., Lta.

7?

 

42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

7 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

@hkhrgl Dfkstrgbkts gka Lbnbtgtbfks ◆

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Cgr Cgrawgrh grh rhst strb rbdt dtbf bfk ks5 —

Mgsh Mgsh stgtbf stgtbfk k dfnnb dfnnbssb ssbfkb fkbk` k` nust nust strbdtl strbdtly y jfllf jfllfw w tch tch dfnnbs dfnnbssbf sbfkbk kbk` ` bkstrudtbfks. Tpgrh ngbkthkgkdh pgrts dgkkft mh usha tf ahplfy g mgsh stgtbfk. G ngbk dfktrfl d fktrfl mfgra tcgt cgs mhhk usha dgkkft mh rhusha jfr khw ahplfynhkt.

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Bk g MQT8 MQT82??, 2??, tch MMX82?? MMX82?? bs bs rhqub rhqubrh rha a gka gka tch tch ngbk ngbk dfktr dfktrfl fl mfgr mfgra a nust nust mh g XN_Qm fr XN_Qh XN_Qh (fr g lgthr vhrsbfk). Qch MQT42?? shrbhs KHs suppfrt MMX42?? gka MMX427? sumrgdis.

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Qch MQT8 MQT82?? 2?? afhs afhs kft kft suppfr suppfrtt tch @QNX @QNX,, PN_Q PN_Q,, fr LN_Q LN_Q.. Qchrhj Qchrhjfr frh, h, afwklfgabk` tch MQT82?? sfjtwgrh tf tchsh mfgras wbll jgbl.

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Qch ngbk ngbk dfktr dfktrfl fl mfgr mfgra a fj g `KfahM `KfahM nust nust mh X XN_Q N_Qh h fr lgth lgthrr. Qch Qch XN_Qg/XN_Qm XN_Qg/ XN_Qm bs kft suppfrtha. Qch prhdfk`urha prhdfk`urha sfjtwgrh  sfjtwgrh fj tch ngbk dfktrfl mfgra afhs kft suppfrt K]. Jfr g XN_Qh XN_Qh mfgra wcfsh prhdfk`urha vhrsbfk prhdfk`urha  vhrsbfk bs hgrlbhr tcgk T]GK74.7, yfu khha tf up`rgah tch ngbk dfktrfl mfgra sfjtwgrh tf tch tgr`ht vhrsbfk (kfk-K]) mhjfrh ahplfybk` tch `KfahM, gka tchk up`rgah tch kfk-K] tgr`ht vhrsbfk tf tch K] tgr`ht vhrsbfk. Aurbk` NGH-mgsha dfnnbssbfkbk` fr LNQ+NGHmgsha dfnnbssbfkbk`, g XN_Qh XN_Qh khhas tf mh ngkuglly up`rgaha.

Zhr hrssbf bfk k rhstr hstrbd bdtb tbf fks ks55 —

Rfu khha tf prhdfk`urh prhdfk`urh tch  tch dfrrhspfkabk` vhrsbfk fr g lgthr vhrsbfk mhjfrh usbk` khw jukdtbfks fj g khw vhrsbfk mhdgush NGH-mgsha dfnnbssbfkbk` ahphkas fk tch prhdfk`urha prhdfk`urha sfjtwgrh  sfjtwgrh vhrsbfk fj tch mgsh stgtbfk. Bk g df-N_Q nultbnfah mgsh stgtbfk wchrh kft gll nfahs grh ahplfyha gka tch cgrawgrh dfnnbssbfkbk` dgpgmblbty bs hxphdtha jfr tch ukahplfyha nfahs, tch ahvbdh agtg nust glsf mh dfk`urha dfk`urha jfr  jfr tch ukahplfyha nfahs wchk tch agtg jfr tch df-N_Q KH bs dfk`urha. dfk`urha. Bk  Bk tcbs wgy, tch sfjtwgrh jfr tch cgrawgrh fj tch ukahplfyha nfahs dgk mh up`rgaha wbtc tch ngbk dfktrfl mfgra sfjtwgrh.

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Bj tch tch K] nfah nfah bs bktr bktrfau faudha dha bk bk g shpgr shpgrgth gth-N_ -N_Q Q nultbn nultbnfah fah mgsh mgsh stgtb stgtbfk, fk, hksurh tcgt tch ftchr nfahs (@TN, XNQT, fr LQH) bk tch nultbnfah mgsh stgtbfk grh up`rgaha tf T]GK74.7 fr lgthr.

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Bk T]GK T]GK74.7 74.7,, g df-N_ df-N_Q Q nultb nultbnfa nfah h mgsh mgsh stgtb stgtbfk fk afhs afhs kft suppfr suppfrtt K], gka gk K] mgsh stgtbfk afhs kft suppfrt ]GQ gaabtbfk.

]GQ rh rhstrbdtbfks5 — Qch MTD/]KD sphdbhs sphdbhs g  g pgrtbtbfk jfr tch ngkg`ha h@MQT/KfahM fk tch NGH. Bj g df-N_Q KH shrvhs @TN fr XNQT gka tch pgrtbtbfk sphdbha sphdbha jfr  jfr tch df-N_Q KH bs bkdfksbsthkt mhtwhhk tch NGH gka mgsh stgtbfk dfktrfllhr, tch ushr nust rst rst hxpfrt  hxpfrt tch ahplfynhkt lbst gka dfk`urgtbfk agtg, dfk`urgtbfk  agtg, gka tchk hxpfrt gka hxhduth tch sdrbpts fj tch mgsh stgtbfk dfktrfllhr. —

Jfr g shpgr shpgrgth gth-N_ -N_Q Q mgsh mgsh stgtbfk stgtbfk tcg tcgtt ushs ushs MMX bbkth kthrd rdfkk fkkhdtb hdtbfk fk gka gka dftrgksnbssbfk, rst rst ahplfy  ahplfy tch nfah tcgt prfvbahs trgksnbssbfk gka tchk tch ftchr nfah fr nfahs.

Dfkstrgbkts gka Lbnbtgtbfks fk Dfnnbssbfkbk` _lgks jfr g Khw Mgsh Ttgtbfk ◆

Zhr hrssbf bfk k rhstr hstrbd bdtb tbfk fkss5 —

Bssuh ?7 (=?=?-?1-?0)

Qchusha XQ]_ XQ]_/XQ ]_d wfribk wfr ibk` ` wbt wbtc c tch tc h sfjtw sftch jtwgr grh h fj T]GK T]GK0.? 0.? fr fr hgrlbh hgrfr lbhrrlgthr. dgkkft dgk.kft mh tf/XQ]_d ahplfy mgsh stgtbfks wbtc sfjtwgrh fj T]GK3.? lgthr Dfpyrb`ct © Cugwhb Qhdckflf`bhs Df., Lta.

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42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

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Qch XN_Q XN_Qg7/ g7/XN_ XN_Qm7 Qm7 mfgr mfgras as lfgah lfgaha a wbtc wbtc tch T]GK T]GK0.? 0.? sfjtw sfjtwgr grh h grh grh usha usha fkly jfr ahplfybk` KHs dfktgbkbk` tch XNQT nfah. Qch XN_Qg= mfgras lfgaha wbtc tch T]GK0.? sfjtwgrh sfjt wgrh grh usha fkly jfr ahplfybk` KHs dfktgbkbk` tch LQH LQH JAA nfah. Qcbs rhstrbdtbfk bs lbjtha jfr vhrsbfks lgthr tcgk T]GK0.?.

]GQ rh rhstrbdtbfks5 —

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7 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

Bk shpg shpgrg rgthth-N_Q N_Q sdhkgr sdhkgrbfs bfs wchrh wchrh hgdc hgdc nfah nfah ushs ushs bka bkahph hphkah kahkt kt trgksnbssbfk, bj tch XNQT nfah ushs GQN trgksnbssbfk gka tch XQ]_ prfvbahs trgksnbssbfk pfrts, yfu dgk ush tch jfllfwbk` nhtcfas tf rhnfthly ahplfy tch mgsh stgtbfk5

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Bj tch slft kunmhrs jfr ngbk dfktrfl mfgras fk tch KfahM grh kft dfk`urha fk dfk`urha  fk tch ]KD, tch XNQT nfah nust mh ahplfyha mhjfrh tch phhr nfah bs ahplfyha gka mhjfrh tch ngbk dfktrfl mfgras fj tch phhr nfah grh bkstgllha.

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Fk tch ]KD, dfk`urh dfk`urh tch  tch B_ gaarhss fj tch KfahM gka tch slft kunmhr jfr ngbk dfktrfl mfgra fj tch KfahM. Qcbs hksurhs tcgt tch ngbk dfktrfl mfgra dgk fmtgbk agtg sudc gs tch B_ gaarhss fj tch KfahM jrfn tch ]KD bk tch MFFQ_ prfdhss.

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Bk shpgr shpgrgth gth-N_ -N_Q Q sdhkgr sdhkgrbfs bfs,, bj tch tch ngbk ngbk dfktr dfktrfl fl mfgr mfgras as fj twf twf nfahs nfahs grh grh bkstgllha bk tch sgnh MMX fr twf bkthrdfkkhdtha MMXs gka tchsh twf nfahs grh kft sbnultgkhfusly gdtbvgtha, tch lgthr gdtbvgtha gd tbvgtha nfah dgkkft phrjfrn mgsh stgtbfk mbkabk`.

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Bk g shpg shpgrg rgthth-N_Q N_Q mgsh mgsh stgtb stgtbfk fk wchr wchrh h nultbp nultbplh lh nfah nfahss scgr scgrh h TA] TA] ]J nfaulhs, tch bkstgllgtbfk gka ahplfynhkt quglbty thst ngy jgbl bj _k_ ahplfynhkt bs phrjfrnha jfr nultbplh nfahs sbnultgkhfusly. Bt bs rhdfnnhkaha tcgt _k_ ahplfynhkt kft mh phrjfrnha jfr nultbplh nfahs sbnultgkhfusly.

Jhgtu hgturrh rhstr hstrbd bdtb tbfk fks5 s5 —

Bj XN_Q XN_Q dfla dfla mgdiu mgdiup p bs usha usha,, hksur hksurh h tcg tcgtt mftc mftc XN_Q XN_Q mfgra mfgrass grh grh dfr dfrrh rhdtl dtly y bkstgllha, tch pfwhr-fk dchdi bs phrjfrnha, gka trgksnbssbfk rhsfurdhs rhqubrha my mftc XN_Q mfgras grh gvgblgmlh mhjfrh stgrtbk` tch dfnnbssbfkbk` tgsi.

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Bj XN_Q XN_Q dfla dfla mgdi mgdiup up bs bs usha, usha, bj bj tch tch sfjtw sfjtwgr grh h vhrsb vhrsbfk fk f fjj tch tch XN_Q XN_Q mf mfgr gra a bs T]GK2.? fr g lgthr vhrsbfk, yfu dgk dfk`urh dfk`urh agtg  agtg jfr XN_Q dfla mgdiup aurbk` bkbtbgl dfk`urgtbfk, dfk`urgtbfk, gka  gka tchk dfnnbssbfk tch mgsh stgtbfk9 bj tch sfjtwgrh vhrsbfk fj tch XN_Q mfgra bs hgrlbhr tcgk T]GK2.?, yfu khha tf dfnnbssbfk tch mgsh stgtbfk gka tchk dfk`urh dfk`urh agtg  agtg jfr XN_Q dfla mgdiup.

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Bk g shpg shpgrg rgth th-N -N_Q _Q mgs mgsh h stg stgtbf tbfk k usb usbk` k` D_] D_]BB N NXS, XS, rst rst phrjfrn  phrjfrn dfnnbssbfkbk` jfr tch dfkvhr`bk` pgrty gka tchk jfr tch dfkvhr`ha d fkvhr`ha pgrty. pgrty.

Dfkstrgbkts gka Lbnbtgtbfks bk Nfah Hxpgksbfk Tdhkgrbfs ◆

Bk df-N_Q df-N_Q nfah nfah hxpgks hxpgksbfk bfk sdhk sdhkgrbf grbfs, s, bj tch tch khw khw nfah nfah scgr scgrhs hs tch tch XMM XMM_ _ mfg mfgra ra wbtc tch hxbstbk` nfah, tch Mgsh Mgka Pfri Ttgkagra pgrgnhthr Ttgkagra pgrgnhthr fj tch XMM_ mfgra khhas tf mh nfabha, nfabha, rhsultbk`  rhsultbk` bk shrvbdh bkthrruptbfk fj tch hxbstbk` nfah jfr gmfut fkh nbkuth.

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Bk shpgr shpgrgth gth-N_ -N_Q Qfjsdhkgrb sdhk fs, bj tch tch ngbk ngbk dfk trfl fl mfgr mfgra fj tch tc h khwly khw ly gaaha ga nfah gka tcgt tchgrbfs, hxbstbk` nfah grhdfktr bkstgllha bkatch sgnh MMX fraha twf

Bssuh ?7 (=?=?-?1-?0)

Dfpyrb`ct © Cugwhb Qhdckflf`bhs Df., Lta.

7=

 

42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

7 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

bkthrdfkkhdtha MMXs, bt bs rhdfnnhkaha tcgt tch khwly gaaha nfah kft mh mfuka tf tch mgsh stgtbfk.

Dfkstrgbkts gka Lbnbtgtbfks bk ABA-mgsha Ahplfynhkt Tdhkgrbfs ◆

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Bk ABA-mg ABA-mgsha sha ahpl ahplfyn fynhkt hkt sdhk sdhkgrb grbfs, fs, tch tch ACD_ ACD_ shr shrvhr vhr n nust ust mh mh ahplfy ahplfyha ha bk tch tch sgnh NGH shrvhr wbtc tch gutf ahplfynhkt jukdtbfk. ABA bs scfrt jfr ahplfynhkt BA. Bk ABA-mg ABA-mgsha sha ahpl ahplfyn fynhkt hkt fr fr nfah nfah gaabk` gaabk` sdhk sdhkgrb grbfs, fs, nfah nfahss wcfsh wcfsh mfgr mfgras as grh grh bkstgllha bk cb`chr-lhvhl MMXs nust mh ahplfyha rst rst bj  bj nultbplh MMXs grh dgsdgaha. Gjthr tchsh cb`chr-lhvhl MMXs grh pfwhrha fk, tch pcysbdgl lfdgtbfks fj lfwhr-lhvhl MMXs dgk mh sdgkkha. Bj lfwhr-lhvhl MMXs grh pfwhrha fk rst, tchy wbll mh dfksbahrha tch rfft MMX. Bk ABA-mg ABA-mgsha sha ahpl ahplfyn fynhkt hkt sdhk sdhkgrb grbfs, fs, bj tch tch NGH-mg NGH-mgsha sha dfnnb dfnnbssb ssbfkb fkbk` k` nfah nfah bs rhqubrha jfr mgsh stgtbfks wbtc MMX bkthrdfkkhdtbfk, tch vhrsbfk fj tch durrhkt d urrhkt vhrsbfk nust mh prhbkstgllha fk tch ngbk dfktrfl mfgra.

_rhdgutbfks jfr ]hnfth NGH Dfnnbssbfkbk` ◆

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Bj tch tch hxbstb hxbstbk` k` KfahM KfahMss ush tch ]KD ]KD gs tch tch ACD_ ACD_ sh shrvh rvhrr, tch NGH NGH nust nust wfri wfri gs g ACD_ shrvhr bj tchsh KfahMs grh tf mh rhdfkstrudtha bktf g nultbnfah mgsh stgtbfk bk T]GK3.? fr lgthr vhrsbfks. Bj NGH-mg NGH-mgsha sha dfnnb dfnnbssb ssbfkb fkbk` k` bs phrj phrjfrn frnha ha jfr jfr gk h@MQ h@MQT T wchrh wchrh g @QNX @QNXm/ m/ @QNXd shrvhs gs tch ngbk dfktrfl mfgra, tch @QNXm/@QNXd @QNXm/@QNXd nust mh prhdfk`urha wbtc prhdfk`urha  wbtc Tbk`lhFN sfjtwgrh. Ftchrwbsh, tch prhdfk`urha prhdfk`urha sfjtwgrh  sfjtwgrh fk tch @QNXm/@QNXd khhas tf up`rgaha lfdglly tf Tbk`lhFN sfjtwgrh. Qch MQT82?? MQT82?? afhs kft suppfrt suppfrt tch @QNX, @QNX, PN_Q PN_Q,, fr LN_Q LN_Q.. Qchrhj Qchrhjfrh, frh, afwklfgabk` tch MQT82?? sfjtwgrh tf tchsh mfgras wbll jgbl aurbk` tch gutfdfk`urgtbfk prfdhaurh. dfk`urgtbfk  prfdhaurh.

7.8 Dfnnbssbfkbk` g Khwly Ahplfyha Mgsh Ttgtbfk Pchk g khw mgsh stgtbfk khhas tf mh ahplfyha, tch jfllfwbk` dfnnbssbfkbk` nfahs dgk mh usha5 NGH-mgsha dfnnbssbfkbk` gka LNQ+NGH-mgsha dfnnbssbfkbk`. Qcbs shdtbfk ushs tch MQT42?? gs gk hxgnplh. Xklhss ftchrwbsh sphdbha, tch sphdbha,  tch sgnh fphrgtbfks gpply tf tch MQT82??.

7.8.7 NGH-mgsha Dfnnbssbfkbk` Qcbs shdtbfk ahsdrbmhs cfw tf dfnnbssbfk g mgsh stgtbfk usbk` tch NGH wbtcfut guxblbgry hqubpnhkt. Gk fphrgtfr dgk dfnnbssbfk g mgsh stgtbfk gt tch rhnfth FND my usbk` tch gutfngtbd ahplfynhkt jukdtbfk, gka fksbth hk`bkhhrs chlp phrjfrn khdhssgry dchdi gka vhrbdgtbfk vhrbdgtbfk tgsis.  tgsis.

7.8.7.7 _rfdhss Qcbs shdtbfk ahsdrbmhs tch NGH-mgsha dfnnbssbfkbk` prfdhss jfr g khw mgsh stgtbfk. Bssuh ?7 (=?=?-?1-?0)

Dfpyrb`ct © Cugwhb Qhdckflf`bhs Df., Lta.

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42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

7 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

Jb`urh 7-= NGH-mgsha 7-= NGH-mgsha dfnnbssbfkbk` prfdhss jfr g khwly ahplfyha mgsh stgtbfk

7.8.7.= _rhpgrgtbfk Qcbs shdtbfk ahsdrbmhs cfw tf prhpgrh jfr dfnnbssbfkbk`, bkdluabk` cfw tf prhpgrh g sfjtwgrh pgdig`h, dfnnbssbfkbk` lbdhksh, dfk`urgtbfk dfk`urgtbfk  lh, lh, ahplfynhkt  ahplfynhkt lbst, gka ahvbdh pgkhl argwbk`, cfw tf prhpgrh abglbk` thst tffls, cfw tf dchdi wchtchr tch trgkspfrt khtwfri rhgay, cfw tf dfk`urh dfk`urh rhqubrha  rhqubrha ahvbdhs, gka pgrgnhthrs, cfw tfbsphrjfrn cgrawgrh bkstgllgtbfk gkashrvhrs, pfwhr-fk dchdis, gka cfw Bssuh ?7 (=?=?-?1-?0)

Dfpyrb`ct © Cugwhb Qhdckflf`bhs Df., Lta.

71

 

42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

7 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

tf drhgth gka stgrt gk KH dfnnbssbfkbk` tgsi fk tch NGH. Hksurh tcgt tch gagptgtbfk jfr tch NGH-sbah KHs cgs mhhk bkstgllha gka bs jukdtbfkbk` prfphrly.

7.8.7.=.7 Ngibk` _rhpgrgtbfks fk tch Dfktrfllhr Tbah (Pchk Khwly Gaaha KHs Tuppfrt tch @TN gka XNQT Nfahs) Qcbs shdtbfk ahsdrbmhs cfw tf ngih prhpgrgtbfks fk tch MTD fr ]KD sbah bj KHs tf mh ahplfyha suppfrt tch @TN gka XNQT nfahs.

_rhrhqubsbths Qch cgrawgrh bkstgllgtbfk gka dfnnbssbfkbk` cgvh mhhk dfnplhtha fk tch dfktrfllhr sbah, gka tch dfktrfllhr bs wfribk` dfrrhdtly.

_rfdhaurh Tthp 7 MTD/]KD5 Hxpfrt MTD fr ]KD bkdrhnhktgl sdrbpts jrfn tch NGH-Ahplfynhkt gka tchk gdtbvgth tchn. Tthp = MTD5 Bj tch KH tf mh dfnnbssbfkha bs g @MQT gka bs ahplfyha tcrfu`c ABA ABA,, ruk tch LTQ MQTHWXB_NHKQ dfnngka MQTHWXB_NHKQ dfnngka tf dchdi wchtchr tch mgsh stgtbfk agtg fk tch MTD dfktgbks g ahplfynhkt BA. Bj kft, ruk tch THQ MQTHWXB_NHKQ dfnngka MQTHWXB_NHKQ dfnngka tf sht tch ahplfynhkt BA jfr tch mgsh stgtbfk. Tthp 4 MTD5 Bj tch KH tf mh dfnnbssbfkha bs tch @MQT, ruk tch LTQ MQTHTK dfnngka MQTHTK dfnngka tf dchdi wchtchr tch mgsh stgtbfk agtg fk tch MTD dfktgbks gk HTK. Bj kft, ruk tch  GAA MQTHTK dfnngka MQTHTK dfnngka tf sht tch HTK jfr tch mgsh stgtbfk, fr ruk tch NFA MQTHTK dfnngka MQTHTK  dfnngka tf nfabjy tch dfk`urha dfk`urha HTK.  HTK. Jfr cfw tf fmtgbk fmtgbk tch mgsh stgtbfk HTK, shh 7.8.7.:.7 _hrjfrnbk` HTK-mgsha Mgsh Ttgtbfk Mbkabk` (Fkly Pchk tch Mgsh Ttgtbfk Bs tf Mh Mfuka wbtc tch HTK).. HTK) Tthp 1 MTD5 Bj tch KH tf mh dfnnbssbfkha bs tch @MQT, ruk tch AT_ MQTTQGQ dfnngka MQTTQGQ dfnngka tf dchdi wchtchr tch mgsh stgtbfk agtg cgs mhhk gdtbvgtha. Bj kft, ruk tch GDQ tch  GDQ MQT dfnngka MQT  dfnngka tf gdtbvgth tch mgsh stgtbfk. ----Hka

7.8.7.=.= Xplfgabk` tch Tfjtwgrh _gdig`h Xplfga tch sfjtwgrh pgdig`h fj tch tgr`ht vhrsbfk tf tch NGH shrvhr.

_rhrhqubsbths Rfu cgvh fmtgbkha tch sfjtwgrh pgdig`h jrfn Cugwhb C ugwhb hk`bkhhrs gka ahdfnprhssha tch sfjtwgrh pgdig`h fk g lfdgl _D.

Bssuh ?7 (=?=?-?1-?0)

Dfpyrb`ct © Cugwhb Qhdckflf`bhs Df., Lta.

78

 

42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

KFQB KF QB

7 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

H

Qf prhvhkt g sfjtwgrh pgdig`h jrfn mhbk` nglbdbfusly tgnphrha wbtc aurbk` trgksnbssbfk fr stfrg`h, afwklfga tch dfrrhspfkabk` ab`btgl sb`kgturh lh lh jfr  jfr bkth`rbty vhrbdgtbfk vhrbdgtbfk wchk  wchk afwklfgabk` tch sfjtwgrh pgdig`h. Gjthr tch sfjtwgrh pgdig`h bs afwklfgaha, vhrbjy bts _@_ ab`btgl sb`kgturh Zhrbjdgtbfk 

gddfrabk` tf tch Fphk_@_  @ubah gka . Bj tch sfjtwgrh pgdig`h jgbls tch vhrbdgtbfk, vhrbdgtbfk, af  af kftTb`kgturh ush tch sfjtwgrh pgdig`h, dfktgdt Cugwhb thdckbdgl suppfrt hk`bkhhrs. Mhjfrh g sfjtwgrh pgdig`h bs usha bk bkstgllgtbfk fr up`rgah, bts ab`btgl sb`kgturh glsf khhas tf mh vhrbha vhrbha gddfrabk`  gddfrabk` tf tch Fphk_@_ Tb`kgturh Zhrbjdgtbfk  @ubah   @ubah  tf hksurh tcgt tch sfjtwgrh pgdig`h bs kft tgnphrha wbtc. Zbsbt hbtchr fj tch jfllfwbk` whmsbths tf fmtgbk tch Fphk_@_ Tb`kgturh Zhrbjdgtbfk  @ubah   @ubah 5 ◆ Dg Dgrr rrbh bhrr dust dustfn fnhr hrs5 s5 cttps5//suppfrt.cugwhb.dfn/dgrrbhr/ ab`btglTb`kgturhGdtbfk ◆ Hkth Hkthrp rprb rbsh sh dust dustfn fnhr hrs5 s5 cttps5//suppfrt.cugwhb.dfn/hkthrprbsh/hk/tffl/p`pvhrbjy-QL7???????81

KFQ KF Q

◆

Bj tch prhdfk`urha prhdfk`urha vhrsbfk  vhrsbfk fj tch ngbk dfktrfl mfgra tf mh ahplfyha bs T]GK3.? fr lgthr,, fmtgbk tch sfjtwgrh pgdig`h MQT42??V82?? lgthr  Z7??]?7:D7?T_SSSVGLL(Tfjtwgrh).0z.. Tbk`lh-nfah sfjtwgrh pgdig`hs grh kft  Z7??]?7:D7?T_SSSVGLL(Tfjtwgrh).0z rhdfnnhkaha. Bj tch KH typh fj gk KH tf mh ahplfyha bs MQT42?? gka g @QNXm/ @QNXd shrvhs gs tch ngbk dfktrfl mfgra, yfu glsf khha tf fmtgbk f mtgbk tch sfjtwgrh pgdig`h MQT42??Z2??]?7:D7?T_SSS.zbp MQT42??Z2??]?7:D7?T_SSS.zbp,, wcbdc bs tch @QNXm/@QNXd Tbk`lhFN sfjtwgrh pgdig`h.

◆

Bj tch prhdfk`urha prhdfk`urha sfjtwgrh  sfjtwgrh fj tch ngbk dfktrfl mfgra fj tch mgsh stgtbfk tf mh ahplfyha bs hgrlbhr tcgk T]GK3.?, up`rgah tch sfjtwgrh tf g vhrsbfk jrfn T]GK3.? tf T]GK74.7 gka tchk fmtgbk tch sfjtwgrh pgdig`h MQT42??V82??  Z7??]?7:D7?T_SSSVGLL(Tfjtwgrh).0z..  Z7??]?7:D7?T_SSSVGLL(Tfjtwgrh).0z

_rfdhaurh Tthp 7 Fk tch NGH dlbhkt, dcffsh TFK TFK ;  ; Gutf  Gutf Ahplfynhkt tf Ahplfynhkt tf fphk tch Gutf tch Gutf Ahplfynhkt wbkafw. Ahplfynhkt  wbkafw. Tthp = Thlhdt g tgm pg`h mgsha fk tch typh fj tch sfjtwgrh pgdig`h tf mh uplfgaha. Fptbfk

Ahsdrbptbfk

_rhpgrh Jblh & Agtg ; Agtg ; Tfjtwgrh & Dfla _gtdc tgm _gtdc tgm pg`h

Thlhdt tcbs tgm pg`h bj tch sfjtwgrh pgdig`h tf mh uplfgaha bs g vhrsbfk sfjtwgrh fr dfla pgtdc pgdig`h.

_rhpgrh Jblh & Agtg ; Agtg ; Cft _gtdc tgm _gtdc tgm pg`h

Thlhdt tcbs tgm pg`h bj tch sfjtwgrh pgdig`h tf mh uplfgaha bs g cft pgtdc pgdig`h.

 

Bssuh ?7 (=?=?-?1-?0)

Dfpyrb`ct © Cugwhb Qhdckflf`bhs Df., Lta.

7:

 

42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

7 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

Jb`urh 7-4  7-4 Tfjtwgrh & Dfla _gtdc tgm _gtdc  tgm pg`h

Tthp 4 Dcffsh Qrgksjhr Qrgksjhr ;  ; Jrfn FTT Dlbhkt tf FTT Thrvhr jrfn Thrvhr jrfn tch scfrtdut nhku. Qch KH Jblh Qrgksjhr abglf` Qrgksjhr abglf` mfx bs absplgyha. KFQ KF Q

Pchk uplfgabk` sfjtwgrh pgdig`hs, yfu khha tf uplfga tch dfnplhth sfjtwgrh pgdig`hs tf tch NGH.

Jb`urh 7-1  7-1 KH Jblh Qrgksjhr abglf` Qrgksjhr abglf` mfx (bk sbk`lh-tgsi nfah)

Bssuh ?7 (=?=?-?1-?0)

Dfpyrb`ct © Cugwhb Qhdckflf`bhs Df., Lta.

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42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

7 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

Jb`urh 7-8  7-8 KH Jblh Qrgksjhr abglf` Qrgksjhr abglf` mfx (bk nultb-tgsi nfah)

Tthp 1 Thlhdt tch sbk`lh-tgsi fr nultb-tgsi nfah. Fptbfk

Ahsdrbptbfk

Tbk`lh-tgsi nfah

7. Dlbdi

bk tch lfwhr lfwhr lhjt dfrkhr dfrkhr.

=. Thlhdt Thlhdt tch KH typh typh gka lh lh typh  typh jrfn tch KH Qyph gka Qyph gka Jblh Qyph arfp-afwk Qyph arfp-afwk lbsts, rhsphdtbvhly. rhsphdtbvhly. 4. Dl Dlbd bdi i bk tc tch h Tfurdh _gtc grhg. _gtc grhg. Qch Fphk abglf` mfx bs absplgyha. Thlhdt tch jflahr tcgt dfktgbks tch sfjtwgrh pgdig`h tf mh uplfgaha, gka dlbdi d lbdi FI FI.. Qch KH Jblh Qrgksjhr abglf` Qrgksjhr abglf` mfx bs absplgyha.

Bssuh ?7 (=?=?-?1-?0)

Dfpyrb`ct © Cugwhb Qhdckflf`bhs Df., Lta.

73

 

42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

Fptbfk

7 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

Ahsdrbptbfk

Nultb-tgsi nfah

7. Dlbdi

bk tch lfwhr lfwhr lhjt dfrkhr dfrkhr.

=. Thlhdt Thlhdt tch KH typh typh gka lh lh typh  typh jrfn tch KH Qyph gka Qyph gka Jblh Qyph arfp-afwk Qyph arfp-afwk lbsts, rhsphdtbvhly. rhsphdtbvhly. 4. abglf` Dl Dlbd bdi i mfx bs absplgyha. bk tc tch h Tfurdh _gtc  grhg. tcgt Qch Fphk Thlhdt _gtc grhg. tch jflahr dfktgbks tch sfjtwgrh pgdig`h tf mh uplfgaha, gka dlbdi d lbdi FI FI.. Qch KH Jblh Qrgksjhr abglf` Qrgksjhr abglf` mfx bs absplgyha. 1. ]hphgt ]hphgt tch prhdhabk` prhdhabk` twf twf sthps tf shlhdt shlhdt fk fkh h fr nfrh jflahrs jfr gkftchr KH typh. Qch shlhdtha jflahrs grh absplgyha bk tch Tfurdh _gtc grhg. _gtc grhg. 8. Thlhdt fkh fr fr nfrh nfrh jflahrs jflahrs bk tch tch Tfurdh _gtc grhg, _gtc grhg, gka dlbdi Gaa dlbdi Gaa.. Qch lhs lhs tf  tf mh uplfgaha grh absplgyha bk tch lfwhr pgrt fj tch Tfurdh _gtc grhg. _gtc grhg. Tthp 8 Dlbdi FI FI.. Qch KH Jblh Qrgksjhr abglf` Qrgksjhr abglf` mfx bs dlfsha, gka tch uplfga stgrts. Qch Jblh Qrgksjhr Qgsi tgm Qgsi tgm pg`h gt tch mfttfn fj tch Gutf tch Gutf Ahplfynhkt wbkafw Ahplfynhkt wbkafw absplgys ahtgblha fphrgtbfk bkjfrngtbfk, bkdluabk` Fphrgtbfk Fphrgtbfk,, Ttgtus Ttgtus,, Fmehdt Fmehdt,, _rf`rhss, _rf`rhss Ttgrt Qbnh, Qbnh, Hka Qbnh, Qbnh, gka Bkjfrngtbfk Bkjfrngtbfk.. Pchk _rf`rhss _rf`rhss bs  bs 7??% 7??%,, tch uplfga bs, dfnplhth. ----Hka

7.8.7.=.4 Xplfgabk` g Dfnnbssbfkbk` Lbdhksh (Pchk LQH/K] Thrvbdhs Grh tf Mh Hkgmlha) Qcbs shdtbfk ahsdrbmhs cfw tf uplfga g dfnnbssbfkbk` lbdhksh tf tch NGH shrvhr wchk yfu ush tch dfnnbssbfkbk` lbdhksh tf hkgmlh LQH/K] LQH/K] shrvbdhs. Qcbs fphrgtbfk bs kft rhqubrha wchk @TN fr XNQT shrvbdhs grh tf mh hkgmlha.

_rhrhqubsbths Rfu cgvh fmtgbkha tch dfnnbssbfkbk` lbdhksh.

Dfkthxt ◆

Qch vgluh fj HTK HTK bk  bk tch dfnnbssbfkbk` lbdhksh nust mh GKR mh GKR.. Jfr ahtgbls gmfut tch dfnnbssbfkbk` lbdhksh, shh Lbdhksh Ngkg`hnhkt Jhgturh _grgnhthr  Ahsdrbptbfk .

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Cugwhb Cugwhb hk`b hk`bkhh khhrs rs nust nust fmtgb fmtgbk k tch dfnnbs dfnnbssbf sbfkbk kbk` ` lbdhksh lbdhksh usbk usbk` ` tch Cu Cugwh gwhbb lbdhksh gpplbdgtbfk prfdhaurh.

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Af kft kft dfnpr dfnprhss hss g dfnnbs dfnnbssbf sbfkbk kbk` ` lbdhks lbdhksh h mhj mhjfr frh h uplfg uplfgabk abk` ` bt.

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Qch sgvh sgvh pgtc pgtc fj fj tch dfnn dfnnbss bssbfk bfkbk` bk` lbdhk lbdhksh sh fk tch tch NGH NGH shrvhr shrvhr bbss tch ahjg ahjgult ult pgtc. Rfu khha kft sht tch pgtc.

Bssuh ?7 (=?=?-?1-?0)

Dfpyrb`ct © Cugwhb Qhdckflf`bhs Df., Lta.

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42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

KFQB KF QB

7 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

H

Fkly fkh dfnnbssbfkbk` lbdhksh lh lh dgk  dgk mh uplfgaha fktf hgdc typh fj KHs. Xplfgabk` tch lbdhksh lh lh jfr  jfr tch shdfka tbnh wbll fvhrwrbth tch hxbstbk` lbdhksh lh.

_rfdhaurh Tthp 7 Fk tch NGH dlbhkt, dcffsh TFK TFK ;  ; Gutf  Gutf Ahplfynhkt tf Ahplfynhkt tf fphk tch Gutf tch Gutf Ahplfynhkt wbkafw. Ahplfynhkt  wbkafw. Tthp = Dcffsh _rhpgrh Jblh & Agtg ; Agtg ; Lbdhksh Lbdhksh ;  ; Dfnnbssbfk Lbdhksh. Lbdhksh. Jb`urh 7-:  7-: Dfnnbssbfk Lbdhksh tgm Lbdhksh tgm pg`h

Tthp 4 Dlbdi Qrgksjhr Qrgksjhr gka  gka dcffsh Jrfn FTT Dlbhkt tf FTT Thrvhr jrfn Thrvhr jrfn tch scfrtdut nhku. Qch Xplfga Dfnnbssbfkbk` Lbdhksh abglf` Lbdhksh abglf` mfx bs absplgyha. Jb`urh 7-0  7-0 Xplfgabk` Dfnnbssbfkbk` Lbdhksh abglf` Lbdhksh abglf` mfx

Bssuh ?7 (=?=?-?1-?0)

Dfpyrb`ct © Cugwhb Qhdckflf`bhs Df., Lta.

=?

 

42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

7 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

Tthp 1 Dlbdi bk tch Tfurdh _gtc grhg. _gtc grhg. Qch Fphk Fphk abglf`  abglf` mfx bs absplgyha. Thlhdt tch lh lh tf  tf mh uplfgaha, gka dlbdi Fphk Fphk.. Qch Xplfga Dfnnbssbfkbk` Lbdhksh abglf` Lbdhksh  abglf` mfx bs absplgyha. KFQ KF Q

Hksurh tcgt tch tch dfrrhdt KH typ typh h bs shlhdtha. Bj tch KH typh bs bkdfrrhdt, tch dfnnbssbfkbk` lbdhksh wbll mh uplfgaha tf gk bkdfrrhdt pgtc. bkdfrrhdt pgtc. Gs g rhsult, tch KH tf mh dfnnbssbfkha afhs kft cgvh g dfnnbssbfkbk` lbdhksh.

Tthp 8 Dlbdi FI FI.. Qch Xplfga Dfnnbssbfkbk` Lbdhksh abglf` Lbdhksh abglf` mfx bs dlfsha, gka tch uplfga stgrts. KFQ KF Q

Bj tch KH typh shlhdtha jfr tch lbdhksh lh lh bs  bs bkdfrrhdt, afumlh-dlbdi tch KH typh fj tch lbdhksh lh gka dfrrhdt bt.

Qch Jblh Qrgksjhr Qgsi tgm Qgsi tgm pg`h gt tch mfttfn fj tch Gutf tch Gutf Ahplfynhkt wbkafw Ahplfynhkt wbkafw absplgys ahtgblha fphrgtbfk bkjfrngtbfk, bkdluabk` Fphrgtbfk Fphrgtbfk,, Ttgtus Ttgtus,, Fmehdt Fmehdt,, _rf`rhss,, Ttgrt Qbnh, _rf`rhss Qbnh, Hka Qbnh, Qbnh, gka Bkjfrngtbfk Bkjfrngtbfk.. Pchk _rf`rhss _rf`rhss bs  bs 7??% 7??%,, tch uplfga bs dfnplhth. ----Hka

7.8.7.=.1 _rhpgrbk` g Agtg Dfk`urgtbfk Dfk`urgtbfk Jblh  Jblh gka g Ahplfynhkt Lbst Qcbs shdtbfk ahsdrbmhs cfw tf hxpfrt g agtg dfk`urgtbfk dfk`urgtbfk  lh lh gka  gka ahplfynhkt lbst jrfn tch NGH-Ahplfynhkt gka cfw tf uplfga tchn tf tch NGH shrvhr.

_rhrhqubsbths Agtg dfk`urgtbfk dfk`urgtbfk cgs  cgs mhhk dfnplhtha fk tch NGH-Ahplfynhkt. KFQ KF Q

Bk KTG khtwfribk` nfah, yfu khha tf dfk`urh dfk`urh tch  tch kh`ftbgtbfk agtg fk tch hKfahM sbah mhjfrh ahplfybk` g `KfahM. Bj tch hKfahM cgs mhhk ahplfyha, tch kh`ftbgtha agtg fk tch hKfahM sbah dgk mh ahlbvhrha my usbk` tch NGH-Ahplfynhkt bk bkdrhnhktgl dfk`urgtbfk nfah fr my usbk` tch K] gutf-ahplfynhkt tgsi. Bj tch hKfahM bs tf mh ahplfyha, yfu khha tf prhpgrh tch agtg dfk`urgtbfk dfk`urgtbfk  lh lh gka  gka ahplfynhkt lbst fj tch hKfahM.

Dfkthxt Qch sgvh pgtcs jfr agtg dfk`urgtbfk dfk`urgtbfk  lhs lhs gka  gka ahplfynhkt lbsts fk tch NGH shrvhr grh ahjgult pgtcs gka af kft khha tf mh sht. KFQ KF Q

Qchrh bs kf agtg dfk`urgtbfk dfk`urgtbfk  lh lh jfr  jfr tch @MQT, gka yfu grh fkly rhqubrha tf uplfga tch ahplfynhkt lbst tf tch NGH shrvhr.

_rfdhaurh Tthp 7 Hxpfrt agtg dfk`urgtbfk dfk`urgtbfk  lhs lhs gka  gka ahplfynhkt lbsts jrfn tch NGH-Ahplfynhkt. Jfr ahtgbls, shh 7.3.1 Hxpfrtbk` Ahplfynhkt Lbsts gka Dfk`urgtbfk Dfk`urgtbfk Jblhs  Jblhs fj  Mgsh Ttgtbfks. Ttgtbfks. Bk tch 8@ KTG sbth ahplfynhkt sdhkgrbf, wchk ushrs upagth LQH Bssuh ?7 (=?=?-?1-?0)

Dfpyrb`ct © Cugwhb Qhdckflf`bhs Df., Lta.

=7

 

42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

7 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

kh`ftbgtbfk agtg fklbkh usbk` tch K] gutf-ahplfynhkt tgsi, tch agtg dfk`urgtbfk  lh, dfk`urgtbfk lh, ahplfynhkt  ahplfynhkt lbst, gka KTG pgrgnhthr lbst grh hxpfrtha. KFQ KF Q

Agtg dfk`urgtbfk dfk`urgtbfk  lhs lhs gka  gka ahplfynhkt lbsts hxpfrtha jrfn tch NGH-Ahplfynhkt grh sgvha bk tch jfllfwbk` pgtcs. Af kft dcgk`h gky lh fr lh fr abrhdtfry strudturh. ◆

Agtg dfk`urgtbfk dfk`urgtbfk  lhs5 lhs5  hxpfrt abrhdtfry \Dj`Agtg\mgsh \Dj`Agtg\mgsh stgtbfk kgnh \

◆

Ahplfynhkt lbst5 hxpfrt abrhdtfry \GALbst\ \GALbst\

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KTG p pg grgnhthr lb lbst5 hxpfrt abrhdtfry \_grgLbst\mgsh \_grgLbst\mgsh stgtbfk lbst \ Qcbs jukdtbfk bs fptbfkgl. Bt bs suppfrtha bk 8@ KTG sbth ahplfynhkt sdhkgrbfs. Mgsha fk tch pgrgnhthr tgmlh, tch K] gutf-ahplfynhkt tgsi dgk upagth LQH kh`ftbgtbfk agtg fklbkh.

◆

Af kft dfpy tch .xnl lhs lhs jrfn  jrfn g rhnfth ahsitfp tf g lfdgl _D. Ftchrwbsh, mgsh stgtbfk ahplfynhkt wbll jgbl. Rfu grh gavbsha tf dfnprhss tch rhqubrha lhs lhs bktf  bktf g .rgr fr .zbp lh jfr lh jfr lh lh trgksjh  trgksjhrr.

Tthp = Gjthr hxpfrtbk` agtg dfk`urgtbfk dfk`urgtbfk  lhs lhs gka  gka ahplfynhkt lbsts jrfn tch NGHAhplfynhkt, phrjfrn tch dfrrhspfkabk` fphrgtbfk gs jfllfws5 Bj Rfu Khha tf...

Qchk...

Thlhdt Af kft swbtdc tf tch Gutf Ahplfynhkt wbkafw

4 tf  tf Tthp 8 tf 8 tf uplfga _hrjfrn Tthp 4 tch agtg dfk`urgtbfk dfk`urgtbfk  lh lh gka  gka ahplfynhkt lbst tf tch NGH shrvhr.

(]hdfnnhkaha) Thlhdt Twbtdc tf tch  Gutf Ahplfynhkt wbkafw. wbkafw.

Qch systhn gutfngtbdglly swbtdchs tf tch Gutf tch  Gutf Ahplfynhkt wbkafw Ahplfynhkt wbkafw gka drhgths gk KH dfnnbssbfkbk` tgsi. Bk tcbs sbtugtbfk, kf jurtchr fphrgtbfks grh rhqubrha.

Thlhdt Twbtdc tf tch Gutf Ahplfynhkt wbkafw gka stgrt Gutf Ahplfynhkt tgsi. tgsi.

Qch systhn gutfngtbdglly swbtdchs tf tch Gutf tch  Gutf Ahplfynhkt wbkafw Ahplfynhkt wbkafw gka stgrts gk KH dfnnbssbfkbk` tgsi. Bk tcbs sbtugtbfk, kf jurtchr fphrgtbfks grh rhqubrha.

  Tthp 4 Fk tch NGH dlbhkt, dcffsh TFK TFK ;  ; Gutf  Gutf Ahplfynhkt tf Ahplfynhkt tf fphk tch Gutf tch Gutf Ahplfynhkt wbkafw. Ahplfynhkt  wbkafw. Tthp 1 Xplfga agtg dfk`urgtbfk dfk`urgtbfk  lhs lhs tf  tf tch NGH shrvhr. 7.

Dcffsh Tbth Dfk`urgtbfk Dfk`urgtbfk Agtg  Agtg ;  ; _rhpgrh Jblh & Agtg. Agtg. Jb`urh 7-3  7-3 _rhpgrh Jblh & Agtg tgm Agtg tgm pg`h

Bssuh ?7 (=?=?-?1-?0)

Dfpyrb`ct © Cugwhb Qhdckflf`bhs Df., Lta.

==

 

42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

=.

7 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

Dlbdi Qrgksjhr Qrgksjhr gka  gka dcffsh Jrfn FTT Dlbhkt tf FTT Thrvhr jrfn Thrvhr jrfn tch scfrtdut nhku. Qch Xplfga Tbth Dfk`urgtbfk Dfk`urgtbfk Agtg  Agtg abglf`  abglf` mfx bs absplgyha. Jb`urh 7-2  7-2 Xplfga Tbth Dfk`urgtbfk Dfk`urgtbfk Agtg  Agtg abglf`  abglf` mfx

4.

Dlbdi bk tch Tfurdh _gtc grhg. _gtc grhg. Qch Fphk Fphk abglf`  abglf` mfx bs absplgyha. Thlhdt tch jflahr tcgt dfktgbks tch agtg dfk`urgtbfk dfk`urgtbfk  lh lh tf  tf mh uplfgaha, gka dlbdi Thlhdt Thlhdt.. Qch Xplfga Tbth Dfk`urgtbfk Dfk`urgtbfk Agtg  Agtg abglf`  abglf` mfx bs absplgyha.

1.

Dlbdi FI FI.. Qch Xplfga Tbth Dfk`urgtbfk Dfk`urgtbfk Agtg  Agtg abglf`  abglf` mfx bs dlfsha, gka tch uplfga stgrts. Qch Jblh Qrgksjhr Qgsi tgm Qgsi tgm pg`h gt tch mfttfn fj tch Gutf tch Gutf Ahplfynhkt wbkafw absplgys ahtgblha fphrgtbfk bkjfrngtbfk, bkdluabk` Fphrgtbfk Fphrgtbfk,, Ttgtus Ttgtus,, Fmehdt,, _rf`rhss Fmehdt _rf`rhss,, Ttgrt Qbnh, Qbnh, Hka Qbnh, Qbnh, gka Bkjfrngtbfk Bkjfrngtbfk.. Pchk _rf`rhss _rf`rhss bs  bs 7??%,, tch uplfga bs dfnplhth. 7??%

Tthp 8 Xplfga tch ahplfynhkt lbst tf tch NGH shrvhr. shrvhr. 7.

Dcffsh Ahplfynhkt Lbst ; Lbst ; _rhpgrh Jblh & Agtg. Agtg. Jb`urh 7-7?  7-7? _rhpgrh Jblh & Agtg tgm Agtg tgm pg`h

Bssuh ?7 (=?=?-?1-?0)

Dfpyrb`ct © Cugwhb Qhdckflf`bhs Df., Lta.

=4

 

42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

=.

7 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

Dlbdi Qrgksjhr Qrgksjhr,, gka dcffsh Jrfn FTT Dlbhkt tf FTT Thrvhr jrfn Thrvhr jrfn tch scfrtdut nhku. Qch Xplfga Ahplfynhkt Lbst abglf` Lbst abglf` mfx bs absplgyha. Jb`urh 7-77  7-77 Xplfga Ahplfynhkt Lbst abglf` Lbst abglf` mfx

4.

Dlbdi bk tch Tfurdh _gtc grhg. _gtc grhg. Qch Fphk Fphk abglf`  abglf` mfx bs absplgyha. Thlhdt tch ahplfynhkt lbst (.xnl) tf mh uplfgaha, gka dlbdi Fphk Fphk.. Qch Xplfga Ahplfynhkt Lbst abglf` Lbst abglf` mfx bs absplgyha.

1.

Dlbdi FI FI.. Qch Xplfga Ahplfynhkt Lbst abglf` Lbst abglf` mfx bs dlfsha, gka tch uplfga stgrts. Qch Jblh Qrgksjhr Qgsi tgm Qgsi tgm pg`h gt tch mfttfn fj tch Gutf tch Gutf Ahplfynhkt wbkafw absplgys ahtgblha fphrgtbfk bkjfrngtbfk, bkdluabk` Fphrgtbfk Fphrgtbfk,, Ttgtus Ttgtus,, Fmehdt,, _rf`rhss Fmehdt _rf`rhss,, Ttgrt Qbnh, Qbnh, Hka Qbnh, Qbnh, gka Bkjfrngtbfk Bkjfrngtbfk.. Pchk _rf`rhss _rf`rhss bs  bs 7??%,, tch uplfga bs dfnplhth. 7??%

Tthp : (Fptbfkgl) Xplfga tch KTG pgrgnhthr lbst tf tch NGH shrvhr. 7.

Dcffsh KTG _grgnhthr ; _grgnhthr ; _rhpgrh Jblh & Agtg. Agtg. Jb`urh 7-7=  7-7= _rhpgrh Jblh & Agtg tgm Agtg tgm pg`h

Bssuh ?7 (=?=?-?1-?0)

Dfpyrb`ct © Cugwhb Qhdckflf`bhs Df., Lta.

=1

 

42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

=.

7 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

Dlbdi Qrgksjhr Qrgksjhr,, gka dcffsh Jrfn FTT Dlbhkt tf FTT Thrvhr jrfn Thrvhr jrfn tch scfrtdut nhku. Qch Xplfga KTG _grgnhthr abglf` _grgnhthr abglf` mfx bs absplgyha. Jb`urh 7-74  7-74 Xplfga KTG _grgnhthr abglf` _grgnhthr abglf` mfx

4.

Dlbdi bk tch Tfurdh _gtc grhg. _gtc grhg. Qch Fphk Fphk abglf`  abglf` mfx bs absplgyha. Thlhdt tch ahplfynhkt lbst (.xnl) tf mh uplfgaha, gka dlbdi Fphk Fphk.. Qch Xplfga KTG _grgnhthr Lbst abglf` Lbst abglf` mfx bs absplgyha.

1.

Dlbdi FI FI.. Qch Xplfga KTG _grgnhthr Lbst abglf` Lbst abglf` mfx bs dlfsha, gka tch uplfga stgrts. Qch Jblh Qrgksjhr Qgsi tgm Qgsi tgm pg`h gt tch mfttfn fj tch Gutf tch Gutf Ahplfynhkt wbkafw absplgys ahtgblha fphrgtbfk bkjfrngtbfk, bkdluabk` Fphrgtbfk Fphrgtbfk,, Ttgtus Ttgtus,, Fmehdt,, _rf`rhss Fmehdt _rf`rhss,, Ttgrt Qbnh, Qbnh, Hka Qbnh, Qbnh, gka Bkjfrngtbfk Bkjfrngtbfk.. Pchk _rf`rhss _rf`rhss bs  bs 7??%,, tch uplfga bs dfnplhth. 7??%

----Hka

7.8.7.=.8 _rhpgrbk` ]]X HTK Dfllhdtbfk Agtg Qcbs sthp bs rhdfnnhkaha bj yfu wgkt tf dchdi wchtchr tch D_]B dgmlh dfkkhdtbfks grh dfksbsthkt wbtc tch dfk`urgtbfk dfk`urgtbfk plgk  plgk (fkly jfr tch LQH/K]). Ftchrwbsh, sibp tcbs sthp.

_rhrhqubsbths Rfu cgvh dfktgdtha Cugwhb thdckbdgl suppfrt tf fmtgbk tch plgkkha ]]X HTK agtg. Bssuh ?7 (=?=?-?1-?0)

Dfpyrb`ct © Cugwhb Qhdckflf`bhs Df., Lta.

=8

 

42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

7 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

Mgdi`rfuka Qch sgvh pgtc fj tch dfllhdtha ]]X HTK agtg fk tch NGH shrvhr bs tch ahjgult pgtc. Rfu af kft khha tf sht tch sgvh pgtc.

_rfdhaurh 7.

Ttgr Ttgrtt tc tch h NGH NGH dlbh dlbhkt kt gka gka dcff dcffsh sh TFK TFK ;  ; Gutf  Gutf Ahplfynhkt. Ahplfynhkt. Qch Gutf Qch Gutf Ahplfynhkt wbkafw bs absplgyha. Ahplfynhkt wbkafw

=.

Xplfga Xplfga tch dfl dfllhdt lhdtha ha ]]X ]]X HTK HTK agtg agtg tf tf tch tch NGH shrvhr shrvhr.. g.

Dcffsh ]]X HTK Dfllhdtbfk Agtg ; Agtg ; _rhpgrh Jblh & Agtg. Agtg. Jb`urh 7-71  7-71 _rhpgrh Jblh & Agtg tgm Agtg tgm pg`h

m.

Dlbdi Qrgksjhr Qrgksjhr gka  gka dcffsh Jrfn FTT Dlbhkt tf FTT Thrvhr jrfn Thrvhr jrfn tch scfrtdut nhku. Qch Xplfga ]]X HTK Dfllhdtbfk Agtg abglf` Agtg abglf` mfx bs absplgyha. Jb`urh 7-78  7-78 Xplfga ]]X HTK Dfllhdtbfk Agtg abglf` Agtg abglf` mfx

Bssuh ?7 (=?=?-?1-?0)

Dfpyrb`ct © Cugwhb Qhdckflf`bhs Df., Lta.

=:

 

42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

7 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

d.

Dlbdi bk tch Tfurdh _gtc grhg. _gtc grhg. Qch Fphk Fphk abglf`  abglf` mfx bs absplgyha. Thlhdt tch ]]X HTK agtg lh lh (.xnl)  (.xnl) tf mh uplfgaha, gka dlbdi Fphk Fphk.. Qch Xplfga KTG _grgnhthr Lbst abglf` Lbst abglf` mfx bs absplgyha.

a.

Dlbdi FI FI tf  tf dlfsh tch Xplfga ]]X HTK Dfllhdtbfk Agtg abglf` Agtg abglf` mfx. Qch systhn stgrts tf uplfga tch lh. lh. Qch  Qch Jblh Qrgksjhr Qgsi tgm Qgsi tgm pg`h gt tch mfttfn fj tch Gutf tch Gutf Ahplfynhkt wbkafw Ahplfynhkt wbkafw absplgys ahtgblha fphrgtbfk bkjfrngtbfk, bkdluabk` Fphrgtbfk Fphrgtbfk,, Ttgtus Ttgtus,, Fmehdt Fmehdt,, _rf`rhss _rf`rhss,, Ttgrt Qbnh, Qbnh, Hka Qbnh, Qbnh, gka Bkjfrngtbfk Bkjfrngtbfk.. Pchk _rf`rhss _rf`rhss bs  bs 7??%, tch uplfga bs dfnplhth.

7.8.7.=.: Fmtgbkbk` g Ahvbdh _gkhl Argwbk` Qf jgdblbtgth tch dfnnbssbfkbk`, hla hla hk`bkhhrs  hk`bkhhrs nust fmtgbk tch bkstgllgtbfk bkjfrngtbfk gmfut tch mfgras gka nfaulhs fj g mgsh stgtbfk. Bj hla hla hk`bkhhrs  hk`bkhhrs dgkkft fmtgbk gddurgth bkstgllgtbfk bkjfrngtbfk gmfut tch mfgras gka nfaulhs fj  g mgsh stgtbfk, dfktgdt Cugwhb thdckbdgl suppfrt tf fmtgbk tch ahvbdh pgkhl argwbk`. Qch ahvbdh pgkhl argwbk` scfws tch bkstgllgtbfk pfsbtbfk gka dgmlh d gmlh dfkkhdtbfks fj hgdc mfgra gka nfaulh bk g mgsh stgtbfk.

7.8.7.=.0 Dchdibk` g Qrgkspfrt Khtwfri Qcbs shdtbfk ahsdrbmhs cfw tf dchdi tch trgkspfrt khtwfri. Qch Gutfngtbd FNDC Hstgmlbscnhkt jhgturh bs ghdtha ghdtha my  my wchtchr trgkspfrt khtwfri dfk`urgtbfks nhht tch rhqubrhnhkts. Qchrhjfrh, mhjfrh dfnnbssbfkbk` g mgsh stgtbfk, rhnfth F&N hk`bkhhrs khha tf dchdi wchtchr tch FNDC khtwfribk` gka tch khtwfri hqubpnhkt nhht tch dfk`urgtbfk dfk`urgtbfk rhqubrhnhkts  rhqubrhnhkts fj tch dfrrhspfkabk` sdhkgrbf.

Dfk`urgtbfk ]hqubrhnhkts Dfk`urgtbfk  ]hqubrhnhkts jfr FNDC Khtwfribk` gka Khtwfri Hqubpnhkt Qch Gutfngtbd FNDC Hstgmlbscnhkt jhgturh rhqubrhs abhrhkt abhrhkt FNDC  FNDC khtwfribk` gka khtwfri hqubpnhkt wchk abhrhkt abhrhkt mgsh  mgsh stgtbfks gka trgkspfrt khtwfri plgks grh usha. Jfr hxgnplh, bk B_v: khtwfribk`, bj tch rhnfth _k_ sbth ahplfynhkt wbtcfut guxblbgry ahvbdhs bs usha, tch prhdfk`urha prhdfk`urha vhrsbfk  vhrsbfk fj tch ngbk dfktrfl mfgra nust mh T]GK78.7 fr lgthr. Jfr ahtgblha dfk`urgtbfk dfk`urgtbfk rhqubrhnhkts,  rhqubrhnhkts, shh tch jfllfwbk` tgmlh.

Bssuh ?7 (=?=?-?1-?0)

Dfpyrb`ct © Cugwhb Qhdckflf`bhs Df., Lta.

=0

 

42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

7 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

Qgmlh 7-=  7-= Dfk`urgtbfk Dfk`urgtbfk rhqubrhnhkts  rhqubrhnhkts jfr FNDC khtwfribk` gka khtwfri hqubpnhkt Mgsh Ttgtbfk Qyph

Dfk`urgtbfk ]hqubrhnhkts Dfk`urgtbfk ]hqubrhnhkts jfr FNDC Khtwfribk`

Dfk`urgtbfk ]hqubrhnhkts Dfk`urgtbfk ]hqubrhnhkts jfr Khtwfri Hqubpnhkt

Tbk`lhnfah mgsh stgtbfks gka dfN_Q nultbnfa h mgsh stgtbfks

Abhrhkt khtwfribk` sdhkgrbfs Abhrhkt khtwfribk` rhqubrh abhrhkt abhrhkt FNDC  FNDC khtwfribk`. Jfr ahtgbls, shh tch dfrrhspfkabk` khtwfribk` sdhkgrbf bk tch shdtbfk "Gutfngtbd FNDC Hstgmlbscnhkt jfr Tbk`lh-nfah Mgsh Ttgtbfks gka Df-N_Q Nultbnfah Mgsh Ttgtbfks" fj  Gutfngtbd FNDC Hstgmlbscnhkt Jhgturh _grgnhthr Ahsdrbptbfk.

Abhrhkt khtwfribk` sdhkgrbfs Abhrhkt khtwfribk` rhqubrh abhrhkt abhrhkt khtwfri  khtwfri hqubpnhkt. Jfr ahtgbls, shh "Dfk`urgtbfk ]hqubrhnhkts "Dfk`urgtbfk  ]hqubrhnhkts jfr Khtwfri Hqubpnhkt" fj tch dfrrhspfkabk` khtwfribk` sdhkgrbf bk tch shdtbfk "Gutfngtbd FNDC Hstgmlbscnhkt jfr Tbk`lh-nfah Mgsh Ttgtbfks gka Df-N_Q Nultbnfah Mgsh Ttgtbfks" fj  Gutfngtbd FNDC Hstgmlbscnhkt Jhgturh _grgnhthr Ahsdrbptbfk.

ThpgrgthN_Q nultbnfa h mgsh stgtbfks

Thh "FNDC Khtwfribk`" bk "Gutfngtbd FNDC Hstgmlbscnhkt my tch ThpgrgthN_Q Nultbnfah Mgsh Ttgtbfk" fj Gutfngtbd FNDC Hstgmlbscnhkt Jhgturh _grgnhthr Ahsdrbptbfk.

Thh "Dfk`urgtbfk "Dfk`urgtbfk ]hqubrhnhkts  ]hqubrhnhkts jfr Khtwfri Hqubpnhkt" bk "Gutfngtbd FNDC Hstgmlbscnhkt my tch ThpgrgthN_Q Nultbnfah Mgsh Ttgtbfk" fj  Gutfngtbd FNDC Hstgmlbscnhkt Jhgturh _grgnhthr Ahsdrbptbfk.

 

Dchdibk` Pchtchr tch Qrgkspfrt Khtwfri Nhhts tch Dfk`urgtbfk ]hqubrhnhkts fj tch Gutfngtbd FNDC Hstgmlbscnhkt Jhgturh ]hnfth F&N hk`bkhhrs dgk dchdi wchtchr tch trgkspfrt khtwfri nhhts tch dfk`urgtbfk rhqubrhnhkts dfk`urgtbfk  rhqubrhnhkts fj tch Gutfngtbd FNDC Hstgmlbscnhkt jhgturh my usbk` hbtchr fj tch jfllfwbk` nhtcfas5 ◆

Nhtcfa Nhtcfa 75 75 Dfktgdt Dfktgdt tch ahpg ahpgrtn rtnhkt hkt bk bk dcgr` dcgr`h h fj tch tch trgks trgkspfr pfrtt khtwfri khtwfri tf tf dchdi wchtchr tch trgkspfrt khtwfri nhhts tch dfk`urgtbfk dfk`urgtbfk rhqubrhnhkts  rhqubrhnhkts fj  tch Gutfngtbd FNDC Hstgmlbscnhkt jhgturh.

◆

Nhtcfa Nhtcfa =5 Dchdi Dchdi tch tch khtwfr khtwfri i dfkkh dfkkhdtbv dtbvbty bty gka khtwfr khtwfri i dfk`urgtbfks dfk`urgtbfks fj   fj  hgdc kfah.

Bssuh ?7 (=?=?-?1-?0)

—

Dchdi Dchdi tch tch khtwfri khtwfri dfkk dfkkhdtb hdtbvbty vbty.. Bj kfahs kfahs bbk k tch ttrg rgksp kspfrt frt khtw khtwfri fri dgk dgk mh pbk`ha suddhssjully, suddhssjully, pbk` tch pfrt dfrrhspfkabk` tf hgdc kfah tf dchdi wchtchr tch trgksnbssbfk dcgkkhl gt hgdc kfah bs rhgay. rhgay.

—

Dchd Dchdi i wcht wchtch chrr tch tch khtwf khtwfri ri hqu hqubp bpnh nhkt kt gt gt hgdc hgdc kfa kfah h bs dfk`urha dfk`urha gs  gs rhqubrha tf hksurh tcgt g mgsh stgtbfk dgk gutfngtbdglly hstgmlbsc tch FNDC. Jfr ahtgbls gmfut tch dfk`urgtbfk dfk`urgtbfk rhqubrhnhkts,  rhqubrhnhkts, shh Qgmlh 7-= 7-=..

Dfpyrb`ct © Cugwhb Qhdckflf`bhs Df., Lta.

=3

 

42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

7 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

KFQ KF Q

Aurbk` gutfngtbd FNDC hstgmlbscnhkt, tchrh bs g prfmgmblbty tcgt fkly tch gkfkynfus TTL dbpchr subth bs gvgblgmlh, wcbdc mrbk`s shdurbty rbsis. Bj tch dustfnhr khhas tf gvfba tcbs rbsi, tch dustfnhr khhas tf dfk`urh dfk`urh tch  tch TTL fj tch NGH tf gutchktbdgth tch phhr hka. Bj tch mgsh stgtbfk trgksnbssbfk pfrt ushs tch 7? @mbt/s fptbdgl nfaulh, tch pfrt rgth nust mh sht tf 7? @mbt/s gka dgkkft mh ahdrhgsha tf 7 @mbt/s fr 7?? Nmbt/s. Bj tch mgsh stgtbfk trgksnbssbfk pfrt ushs tch =8 @mbt/s fptbdgl nfaulh, tch pfrt rgth nust mh sht tf =8 @mbt/s gka dgkkft mh ahdrhgsha tf 7? @mbt/s, 7 @mbt/s, fr 7?? Nmbt/s. Bj tch hhdtbvh hhdtbvh rgth  rgth bs abhrhkt abhrhkt jrfn  jrfn tch rgth fj  tch fptbdgl nfaulh, tch lbki ngy mh absdfkkhdtha hvhk bj tch pfrt bkthrdfkkhdtbfk bs suddhssjul. Gjthr tch mgsh stgtbfk bs stgrtha kfrnglly, yfu dgk ruk tch AT_ HQC_F]Q dfnngka HQC_F]Q dfnngka tf quhry tch hhdtbvh hhdtbvh  Lfdgl Tphha fj Tphha fj tch pfrt, gka ruk tch AT_ TJ_ dfnngka TJ_ dfnngka tf quhry tch Qrgksnbssbfk Qrgksnbssbfk Dfah ]gth ]gth fj  fj tch fptbdgl nfaulh. nfa ulh. Pchk tch lfdgl rgth fj tch trgksnbssbfk fptbdgl pfrt bs 7? @mbt/s, tch trgksnbssbfk dfah rgth fj tch fptbdgl nfaulh rgk`hs jrfn 23 tf 774. Pchk tch lfdgl rgth fj tch trgksnbssbfk fptbdgl pfrt bs =8 @mbt/s, tch trgksnbssbfk dfah rgth fj tch fptbdgl nfaulh rgk`hs jrfn =1? tf =:?.

7.8.7.=.3 Thttbk` g Jblh Thrvhr jfr KHs (Fkly Pchk tch KH Dgkkft Hstgmlbsc Abrhdt JQ_ Dfkkhdtbfks wbtc tch NGH Thrvhr) G rhwgll rhwgll bs  bs usuglly ahplfyha mhtwhhk KHs gka tch NGH shrvhr. Qchy dgkkft abrhdtly dfnnukbdgth wbtc hgdc ftchr. ftchr. Qchrhjfrh, g rhlgy shrvhr bs rhqubrha.

Dfkthxt G lh lh shrvhr  shrvhr sgvhs tch sfjtwgrh pgdig`h fj gk KH gka prfvbahs JQ_ shrvbdhs jfr KHs tf mh up`rgaha. Aurbk` g sfjtwgrh up`rgah, tch KHs afwklfga tch rhqubrha sfjtwgrh pgdig`h jrfn g sphdbha sphdbha  lh lh shrvhr.  shrvhr. G rhlgy shrvhr bs kft suppfrtha my tch @MQT mut bs suppfrtha my tch KfahM/ hKfahM/`KfahM/MQT42??/MQT82??. hKfahM/`KfahM/M QT42??/MQT82??. Qch rhlgy shrvhr fj tch KfahM dgk mh tch NGH shrvhr, bts dfktrfllhr, dfktrfllhr, fr g tcbra-pgrty JQ_ shrvhr. Qch rhlgy shrvhr fj tch hKfahM/`KfahM/MQT42??/MQT82?? hKfahM/`KfahM/M QT42??/MQT82?? bs tch NGH shrvhr fr g tcbra-pgrty JQ_ shrvhr. shrvhr. Bt bs tch NGH shrvhr my ahjgult.

_rfdhaurh Tthp 7 Ttgrt tch NGH dlbhkt, gka tchk dcffsh Tfjtwgrh Tfjtwgrh ;  ; Jblh Thrvhr Thttbk`s. Thttbk`s. Qch Jblh Thrvhr Thttbk`s wbkafw Thttbk`s wbkafw bs absplgyha.

Bssuh ?7 (=?=?-?1-?0)

Dfpyrb`ct © Cugwhb Qhdckflf`bhs Df., Lta.

=2

 

42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

7 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

Jb`urh 7-7:  7-7: Jblh Thrvhr Thttbk`s abglf` Thttbk`s abglf` mfx

  Tthp = Thlhdt gk KH typh jrfn tch kgvb`gtbfk trhh. Qchk, shlhdt gk KH bk tch KH Kgnh lbst tf sht g lh lh shrvhr  shrvhr jfr tcbs KH. KFQ KF Q

Rfu dgk cfla afwk tch Tcbjt Tcbjt fr  fr Dtrl Dtrl ihy  ihy tf shlhdt nultbplh KHs. Qchk, rb`ct-dlbdi tch KHs gka dcffsh Tht Tht jrfn  jrfn tch scfrtdut nhku tf sht lh lh shrvhrs  shrvhrs jfr tchsh KHs bk mgtdchs.

Tthp 4 Dlbdi tch Jblh Thrvhr Kgnh dflunk, Kgnh dflunk, shlhdt gk KH jrfn tch arfp-afwk lbst, gka sht tch KH gs tch lh lh shrvhr  shrvhr jfr trgksnbttbk` lhs. Qch jfllfwbk` tgmlh prfvbahs su``hstbfks fk shttbk` g lh lh shrvhr.  shrvhr. Qgmlh 7-4 Tu``hstbfks 7-4 Tu``hstbfks fk shttbk` g lh lh shrvhr  shrvhr Tdhkgrbf

]hdfnnhkaha Jblh Thrvhr

Gk bkahphkahkt lh lh shrvhr  shrvhr bs usha jfr dhktrglbzha lh ngkg`hnhkt.

G tcbra-pgrty JQ_ shrvhr

Qch ]KD _ffl gka MTD _ffl jhgturhs grh usha.

Qch ahjgult lh lh shrvhr  shrvhr (tch NGH shrvhr) bs g usha.

Ftchr dgshs

Qch ahjgult lh lh shrvhr  shrvhr (tch NGH shrvhr) bs m usha.

Bssuh ?7 (=?=?-?1-?0)

Dfpyrb`ct © Cugwhb Qhdckflf`bhs Df., Lta.

4?

 

42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

7 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

Tdhkgrbf

]hdfnnhkaha Jblh Thrvhr

g5 Rfu grh gavbsha tf ush g tcbra-pgrty JQ_ shrvhr gs g lh lh shrvhr  shrvhr bj tchrh grh strbdt shdurbty pflbdbhs mhtwhhk tch KH gka tch HNT, jfr hxgnplh, fkly g lbnbtha kunmhr fj lh lh shrvhrs  shrvhrs dgk mh sht fk tch KH sbah. m5 Rfu grh gavbsha tf sht tch dfktrfllhr tf wcbdc tch mgsh stgtbfk mhlfk`s gs tch lh shrvhr lh  shrvhr bj dustfnhrs d ustfnhrs cgvh cb`c rhqubrhnhkts fk trgksnbssbfk hdbhkdy. hdbhkdy. Qch  Qch rhgsfk bs tcgt nultbplh dfktrfllhrs bkdrhgsh tch lh lh abstrbmutbfk  abstrbmutbfk hdbhkdy.  

KFQ KF Q

Rfu dgk dcgk`h tch pgsswfra fj gk JQ_ shrvhr wchk tch jfllfwbk` dfktrfllhr vhrsbfks grh usha5 ◆

MT MTD: D:2? 2?? ? Z2?? Z2??]? ]?7= 7=D? D?7T 7T_C _C84 84= = gk gka a lgth lgthrr v vhr hrsb sbfks fks

◆

MT MTD: D:2? 2?? ? Z2?? Z2??]? ]?74 74D? D??T ?T_C _C88 88= = gk gka a lgth lgthrr v vhr hrsb sbfks fks

◆

MT MTD: D:27 27? ? Z2 Z2?? ??]? ]?71 71D? D?7 7 gka gka lgth lgthrr vhrs vhrsbfk bfkss

Dlbdi

ukahr KH Kgnh gka Kgnh gka dcgk`h tch pgsswfra fj gk JQ_ shrvhr

Tthp 1 Dlbdi Dlbdi Gpply  Gpply tf  tf gdtbvgth tch shttbk`s. ----Hka

7.8.7.=.2 Thttbk` Hkvbrfknhktgl Glgrn _grgnhthrs Qcbs shdtbfk ahsdrbmhs cfw tf sht hkvbrfknhktgl glgrn pgrgnhthrs wbtcbk tch phrnbssbmlh rgk`h jfr g ushr-ahkha ushr-ahkha glgrn.  glgrn.

_rhrhqubsbths Hksurh tcgt dgmlhs mhtwhhk tch mgsh stgtbfk gka hxthrkgl glgrn ahvbdhs cgvh mhhk bkstgllha gka ushr-ahkha ushr-ahkha glgrns  glgrns cgvh mhhk plgkkha. Jfr ahtgbls gmfut tch bkstgllgtbfk, shh tch bkstgllgtbfk `ubah fj tch dfrrhspfkabk` mgsh stgtbfk.

_rfdhaurh Tthp 7 Dcffsh Nfkbtfr Nfkbtfr ;  ; Glgrns  Glgrns ;  ; KH Glgrn Thttbk`s jrfn Thttbk`s jrfn tch ngbk nhku. Tthp = Dcffsh Xshr-Ahkha Xshr-Ahkha Glgrn  Glgrn bk  bk tch kgvb`gtbfk trhh bk tch lhjt pgkh. Qchk shlhdt tch Glgrn tch  Glgrn Mbkabk` tgm Mbkabk` tgm bk tch rb`ct pgkh. Tthp 4 Bk tch kgvb`gtbfk trhh bk tch Gaa tch  Gaa Xshr-Ahkha Xshr-Ahkha Glgrn  Glgrn abglf`  abglf` mfx, dcffsh KH Qyph.. Bk tch rb`ct pgkh, sht Kgnh Qyph Kgnh,, BA BA,, gka Thvhrbty Thvhrbty gs  gs plgkkha. KFQ KF Q

◆ Hgdc ty typ ph fj ushr-ahkha ushr-ahkha glgrn  glgrn dgk cgvh fkly fkh ukbquh glgrn BA. Qch vgluh rgk`h fj BA BA bs  bs absplgyha fk tch bkthrjgdh. Tht tch glgrn BA tf gk gpprfprbgth vgluh mgsha fk tch absplgyha nhssg`h. ◆ Glgr Glgrns ns fj tch sgnh sgnh typh nust nust ush tch sgnh sgnh glgrn glgrn BA jfr gll mgsh mgsh stgtbfks. stgtbfks. Bj tch gddhss gddhss dfktrfl glgrn BA fj g mgsh stgtbfk bs :8?48, tch gddhss dfktrfl glgrn BA fj gky ftchr mgsh stgtbfks nust glsf mh :8?48.

Bssuh ?7 (=?=?-?1-?0)

Dfpyrb`ct © Cugwhb Qhdckflf`bhs Df., Lta.

47

 

42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

7 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

Tthp 1 Dlbdi FI FI.. Qch Glgrn Qch Glgrn Ahkbtbfk Ahkbtbfk tgm  tgm pg`h absplgys tch khw ushr-ahkha ushr-ahkha glgrn.  glgrn. Tthp 8 Dlbdi Dlbdi Gpply  Gpply tf  tf sgvh tch ushr-ahkha ushr-ahkha glgrn.  glgrn. Qch ]hsult ]hsult abglf`  abglf` mfx bs absplgyha, bkabdgtbk` bkabdgtb k` wchtchr tch fphrgtbfk bs suddhssjul. Bj tch fphrgtbfk bs suddhssjul, dlbdi FI FI.. Qch ]hsult ]hsult abglf`  abglf` mfx bs dlfsha, gka tch  bdfk absgpphgrs. Bj tch fphrgtbfk jgbls, dlbdi Ahtgbls Ahtgbls tf  tf vbhw tch jgblurh dgushs gka tchk gaa tch ushr-ahkha ushr-ahkha glgrn  glgrn g`gbk. Jfr dfnnbssbfkbk` bkjfrngtbfk gmfut hkvbrfknhktgl glgrns, shh 7.8.7.:.8 Dchdibk` Hkvbrfknhktgl Glgrn Thttbk`s Thttbk`s.. ----Hka

7.8.7.=.7? _rhpgrbk` Abglbk` Qhst Qffls Qcbs shdtbfk ahsdrbmhs cfw tf ush g thst thrnbkgl tf dchdi wchtchr tch mgsh stgtbfk dgk phrjfrn shrvbdhs prfphrly. Dfnnfkly usha tffls grh thst thrnbkgls (sudc gs TG@HN fr _CX), dfnnfk thrnbkgls wbtc tch jrhquhkdy lfdibk` jukdtbfk, fr dfnnhrdbgl thrnbkgls rhqubrha my tch ushr. Hksurh Hksurh tcgt tch pcfkh dgra, sudc gs TBN dgra, tf mh thstha cgs rh`bsthrha gt tch CL] fr CTT.

7.8.7.=.77 Drhgtbk` gk KH Dfnnbssbfkbk` Qgsi Qcbs shdtbfk ahsdrbmhs cfw tf drhgth gk KH dfnnbssbfkbk` tgsi my bnpfrtbk` g ahplfynhkt lbst tf tch NGH shrvhr.

Dfkthxt Bj yfu shlhdt Twbtdc tf tch Gutf Ahplfynhkt wbkafw fr wbkafw  fr Twbtdc tf tch Gutf Ahplfynhkt wbkafw gka wbkafw gka stgrt gk gutfngtbd ahplfynhkt tgsi gjthr hxpfrtbk` tch agtg dfk`urgtbfk dfk`urgtbfk  lh lh gka  gka tch ahplfynhkt lbst jrfn tch NGH-Ahplfynhkt, tch NGH gutfngtbdglly drhgths gk KH dfnnbssbfkbk` tgsi.

_rfdhaurh Tthp 7 Fk tch NGH dlbhkt, dcffsh TFK TFK ;  ; Gutf  Gutf Ahplfynhkt tf Ahplfynhkt tf fphk tch Gutf tch Gutf Ahplfynhkt wbkafw. Ahplfynhkt  wbkafw. Tthp = Drhgth gk KH dfnnbssbfkbk` tgsi, gs scfwk bk tch jfllfwbk` `urh.

Bssuh ?7 (=?=?-?1-?0)

Dfpyrb`ct © Cugwhb Qhdckflf`bhs Df., Lta.

4=

 

42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

7 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

Jb`urh 7-70 Drhgtbk` 7-70 Drhgtbk` gk KH dfnnbssbfkbk` tgsi

KFQ KF Q

◆ phrjfrn Bj sbth ahplfynhkt ahplf rhdfras grhahlhtbfk mhbk` mhbk` ahlhtha mhjfr mhjfrh h tch ahplfynhkt ahplfynhkt lbst lbst bs bnpfrtha, bnpfrtha, tchynhkt bnpfrtrhdfr gjthrastch bs dfnplhth. ◆ Pchk yfu bnpfrt bnpfrt tch ahplfyn ahplfynhkt hkt lbst, lbst, bj kf sumgrhg sumgrhg cgs mhhk mhhk gllfdgtha gllfdgtha tf tch K KH, H, tch NGH gutfngtbdglly gllfdgths g sumgrhg tf tch KH gddfrabk` tf tch lfga mglgkdbk` pflbdy9 bj g sumgrhg cgs mhhk dfk`urha dfk`urha jfr  jfr tch KH, tch dfk`urha dfk`urha sumgrhg  sumgrhg bs usha. ◆ Gjthr gk KH dfnnbs dfnnbssbfkbk` sbfkbk` tgsi bs drhgtha, drhgtha, tch NGH NGH vhrbhs vhrbhs tch  tch vglbabty fj ngkagtfry pgrgnhthrs bk tch ahplfynhkt lbst gka bkjfrngtbfk gmfut tch bnpfrt rhsult bkabdgtbk` g jgblurh fr suddhss wbll mh absplgyha fk tch Fphrgtbfk Bkjf tgm Bkjf tgm pg`h. ◆ Bj tch lbdhksh lbdhksh dgpg dgpgdbty dbty dfksunha dfksunha my tc tch h systh systhn n hxdhh hxdhhas as tch dgpg dgpgdbty dbty gutcfrbzha gutcfrbzha,, KHs dgkkft mh ahplfyha. Rfu khha tf hxpgka tch lbdhksh dgpgdbty gs sffk gs pf pfssbmlh. ssbmlh. Jfr thnpfrgry ush, gpply jfr sphdbgl gutcfrbzgtbfk. Jfr cfw tf gpply jfr sphdbgl gutcfrbzgtbfk, shh Gpplybk` jfr Tphdbgl Gutcfrbzgtbfk.

7.

Dlbdi

. Qch Bnpfrt Ahplfynhkt Lbst wbkafw Lbst wbkafw bs absplgyha.

=.

Thlhdt Thlhdt tch tch ahplf ahplfynh ynhkt kt lbst lbst fj ttch ch KH tf mh dfnn dfnnbss bssbfk bfkha ha gka gka dlbdi dlbdi FI FI.. Qch  Gutf Ahplfynhkt Ahplfynhkt wbkafw  wbkafw bs rhturkha. suddhssjully drhgtha dfnnbssbfkbk` tgsis grh absplgyha bk tch Gutf tchQch  Gutf Ahplfynhkt Ahplfynhkt wbkafw.  wbkafw.

Tthp 4 (Fptbfkgl) Nfabjy agtg bk tch bnpfrtha ahplfynhkt lbst gs rhqubrha. Fkly HTK HTK gka  gka Tfjtwgrh Zhrsbfk dgk Zhrsbfk dgk mh nfabha nfabha bk  bk tch Gutf tch Gutf Ahplfynhkt wbkafw. Qgmlh 7-1 ahsdrbmhs 7-1 ahsdrbmhs tch nfabdgtbfk nfabdgtbfk nhtcfas.  nhtcfas. Ftchr agtg nust mh nfabha fk nfabha  fk tch NGH-Ahplfynhkt. Gjthr tch nfabdgtbfk, nfabdgtbfk, yfu  yfu nust hxpfrt tch ahplfynhkt lbst gka agtg dfk`urgtbfk dfk`urgtbfk  lh lh tf  tf tch shrvhr, gka rh-drhgth gk KH dfnnbssbfkbk` tgsi.

Bssuh ?7 (=?=?-?1-?0)

Dfpyrb`ct © Cugwhb Qhdckflf`bhs Df., Lta.

44

 

42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

7 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

Qgmlh 7-1 _grgnhthrs 7-1 _grgnhthrs tcgt dgk mh nfabha nfabha bk  bk tch ahplfynhkt lbst _grgnhthr

Nhtcfa

HTK

Dcgk`h HTK HTK usbk`  usbk` hbtchr fj tch jfllfwbk` nhtcfas5 ◆ Afu Afumlh mlh-dlb -dlbdi di g dhll dhll dfktgb dfktgbkbk kbk` ` tch HTK HTK  yfu wgkt tf dcgk`h. ◆ Xsh ttch ch mb mbkab kabk` k` nhtcf nhtcfa a my phrj phrjfrn frnbk` bk` tch jfllfwbk` fphrgtbfks5 7. Afumlh-dlbdi Afumlh-dlbdi g dhll dfktgbkbk` dfktgbkbk` tch HTK HTK  yfu wgkt tf dcgk`h. Dlbdi dhll.

bk tch

=. Bk tch tch abs abspl plgy gyha ha Mbka HTKg abglf` mfx, shlhdt tch HTK fj g mgsh stgtbfk tf mh ahplfyha. Dlbdi FI FI.. Qch dfnnbssbfkbk` tgsi lbst bs absplgyha. Tfjtwgrh Zhrsbfk

Dcgk`h Tfjtwgrh Zhrsbfk my Zhrsbfk my afumlhdlbdibk` tch dhlls dfktgbkbk` sfjtwgrh vhrsbfk bkjfrngtbfk. Dchdi wchtchr tch plgkkha tgr`ht vhrsbfk bs dfksbsthkt wbtc tcgt bk tch ahplfynhkt lbst mhjfrh stgrtbk` g drhgtha KH dfnnbssbfkbk` tgsi5 ◆ Bj tc tch h vhrsbfk vhrsbfkss grh dfks dfksbst bsthkt, hkt, ush ush tc tcbs bs ahplfynhkt lbst tf prfdhha wbtc tch ahplfynhkt. ◆ Bj tc tch h vhrsbfk vhrsbfkss grh bkdfk bkdfksbs sbsthk thkt, t, dcgk`h dcgk`h tch vhrsbfk bk tch lbst bk gddfragkdh wbtc tch ahplfynhkt plgk.

g5 Rfu dgk dcgk`h tch HTK mhjfrh tch FN lbki mhtwhhk tch KH gka tch NGH bs sht up.   ----Hka

7.8.7.=.7= _rbktbk` tch Mgr Dfah fk tch NGH (Fkly Pchk tch Ahplfynhkt BA Bs Xsha tf Mbka g Mgsh Ttgtbfk) Qcbs shdtbfk ahsdrbmhs cfw tf prbkt mgr dfahs fk tch NGH. Qf ahplfy mgsh stgtbfks usbk` ahplfynhkt BAs, yfu nust plgk tch ahplfynhkt BAs bk gavgkdh gka prbkt tch mgr dfahs dfktgbkbk` tch ahplfynhkt BAs sf tcgt fksbth hk`bkhhrs dgk ush g mgr dfah sdgkkhr tf sdgk tch mgr dfahs bktf KHs.

_rhrhqubsbths ◆

Qc Qch h ahp ahplf lfyn ynhk hktt BA BA cgs cgs mhhk hhk dfk`urha dfk`urha bk  bk tch KH dfk`urgtbfk dfk`urgtbfk agtg  agtg gka cgs mhhk dfktgbkha bk tch ahplfynhkt lbst bnpfrtha tf tch NGH.

◆

Qch Qch KH KH dfnn dfnnbs bssb sbfk fkbk bk` ` tgsi tgsi cgs cgs m mhh hhk k dr drhg hgth tha. a.

◆

Rfu cgvh cgvh fmtgbkha fmtgbkha g mgr dfah prbkthr prbkthr.. G prfjhs prfjhssbfkgl sbfkgl mgr dfah dfah prbkthr prbkthr fr g dfnnfk lgshr prbkthr bs prhjhrrha jfr prbktbk` mgr dfahs fj cb`c rhsflutbfk

Bssuh ?7 (=?=?-?1-?0)

Dfpyrb`ct © Cugwhb Qhdckflf`bhs Df., Lta.

41

 

42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

7 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

(7=?? A_B fr cb`chr). Qch cb`c rhsflutbfk hksurhs gddurgth mgr dfah rhgabk` mhdgush mgr dfahs grh bahktbha bahktbha my  my tch wbatc fj mlgdi gka wcbth mgrs. ◆

Qch prbk prbkthr thr u usha sha tf tf prbkt prbkt mgr mgr dfahs dfahs bs prf prfphr phrly ly dfnnu dfnnukbd kbdgtbk gtbk` ` wbtc wbtc tch NGH NGH dlbhkt.

◆ ◆

Qch Qch NGH NGH sup suppf pfrt rtss Dfa Dfah h 7= 7=3 3 prbk prbktb tbk` k`.. G ahplfy ahplfynhk nhktt BA scfu scfula la dfksb dfksbst st fj kf kf nfrh nfrh tcgk tcgk 8? dcgr dcgrgdt gdthrs hrs,, fr tch tch mgr dfah dgkkft mh rhlbgmly sdgkkha. Bt dgk dfktgbk dcgrgdthrs G-U, g-z, ?-2, ukahrsdfrh (V), gka cypchk (-).

Dfkthxt

_rfdhaurh Tthp 7 Fk tch NGH dlbhkt, dcffsh TFK TFK ;  ; Gutf  Gutf Ahplfynhkt tf Ahplfynhkt tf fphk tch Gutf tch Gutf Ahplfynhkt wbkafw. Ahplfynhkt  wbkafw. Tthp = _rbkt tch mgr dfahs fk tch NGH, gs scfwk bk Jb`urh 7-73. 7-73.

Bssuh ?7 (=?=?-?1-?0)

Dfpyrb`ct © Cugwhb Qhdckflf`bhs Df., Lta.

48

 

42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

7 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

Jb`urh 7-73 _rbktbk` 7-73 _rbktbk` g mgr dfah fk tch NGH

KFQ KF Q

◆ Rfu dgk prbkt prbkt fkly fkly fkh ahplfynhkt ahplfynhkt BA BA fk g mgr dfah dfah lgmhl. lgmhl. ◆ Bj tch dfnnukbdgtb dfnnukbdgtbfk fk mhtwhh mhtwhhk k tch prbk prbkthr thr gka NGH NGH dlbhkt bs gmkfrng gmkfrngl, l, sgvh ttch ch mgr dfah bkjfrngtbfk bk gk S_T lh gka lh gka dfpy tch lh lh tf  tf g _D tcgt prfphrly dfnnukbdgths wbtc tch prbkthr. _rbkt tch mgr dfah my phrjfrnbk` tch jfllfwbk` fphrgtbfks5 7. Fk tc tch @hkhrgl @hkhrgl pg`h  pg`h fj tch _rbkt _rbkt abglf`  abglf` mfx, sht Kgnh Kgnh bk  bk tch _rbkt Thrvbdh grhg Thrvbdh grhg tf Nbdrfsfjt S_T Afdunhkt Prbthr. Prbthr. Qchk dlbdi _rbkt _rbkt.. =. Bk tc tch h absp absplgy lgyha ha abglf` abglf` mf mfx, x, sgvh sgvh tch lh lh gs  gs gk S_T lh. 4. Df Dfpy py tc tch h ssgv gvha ha S_T S_T lh lh tf  tf g _D tcgt dfnnukbdgths prfphrly wbtc tch prbkthr gka prbkt tch mgr dfah.

----Hka

Bssuh ?7 (=?=?-?1-?0)

Dfpyrb`ct © Cugwhb Qhdckflf`bhs Df., Lta.

4:

 

42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

7 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

7.8.7.=.74 _rhshttbk` g Mgr Dfah Tdgkkhr (Fkly Pchk Ahplfynhkt BA bs Xsha tf Mbka g Mgsh Ttgtbfk) Qcbs shdtbfk ahsdrbmhs cfw tf prhsht g mgr dfah sdgkkhr mhjfrh yfu ush g mgr dfah sdgkkhr tf mbka tch mgsh stgtbfk jfr tch rst rst tbnh.  tbnh.

_rhrhqubsbths

◆

G phr phrsf sfkg kgll dfnp dfnput uthr hr (_ (_D) D) bs gvgb gvgblg lgml mlh. h.

◆

G Cfkhy Cfkhywh whll ll 43??@ 43??@ (XT (XTM-t M-typ yph) h) mgr mgr dfah dfah sdgk sdgkkh khrr wbtc wbtc dfk`urgtbfks dfk`urgtbfks mhjfrh  mhjfrh scbpnhkt bs gvgblgmlh. Qch prhshttbk` nhtcfa fj g mgr dfah sdgkkhr vgrbhs wbtc bts nfahl. Jfr ahtgbls, shh tch rhlgtha fphrgtbfk `ubah. Qch jfllfwbk` prfdhaurh ushs g Cfkhywhll 43??@ (XTM-typh) mgr dfah sdgkkhr gs gk hxgnplh.

◆

Gk hlhdtr hlhdtrfkb fkbdd fphrg fphrgtbf tbfk k `ubah `ubah tf tch tch mgr mgr dfah dfah sdgkkh sdgkkhrr bs gvgbl gvgblgml gmlh. h.

Dfkthxt Qch mgr dfah sdgkkhr nust nhht tch jfllfwbk` rhqubrhnhkts5 ◆

Tupp Tuppfr frts ts Dfa fah7 h7=3 =3 mgr mgr df dfah ahs. s.

◆

Tuppfr Tuppfrts ts g XTM pfrt pfrt gka lfw lfw-sp -sphha hha bkthr bkthrrup ruptt trgksn trgksnbss bssbfk bfk nf nfah ah gka dfnpl dfnplbhs bhs wbtc `hkhrgl XTM ihymfgra sphdbdgtbfks.

◆

Tupp Tuppfr frts ts plu plu` `-g -gk kaa-pl plgy gy..

◆

Tupp Tuppfr frts ts lgshr gshr sdgk dgkkbk kbk`.

◆

Dfnplb Dfnplbhs hs wbtc wbtc ]hstrb ]hstrbdtbf dtbfk k fj Cgzgr Cgzgrafu afuss Tumst Tumstgkd gkdhs hs (]fC (]fCT). T).

Cfkhywhll 43??@ (XTM pfrt) mgr dfah sdgkkhr bs rhdfnnhkaha. G Cfkhywhll 43??@ (XTM typh) mgrdfah sdgkkhr usbk` dfah 7=3 jgbls tf sdgk tch ahplfynhkt BA tcgt dfktgbks sphdbgl dcgrgdthrs. Bj tch lhk`tc fj tch ahplfynhkt BA hxdhhas 8? dcgrgdthrs, tch sdgk suddhss rgth ahdrhgshs kftbdhgmly. G mgrdfah sdgkkhr fkly khhas tf mh prhdfk`urha prhdfk`urha jfr  jfr fkdh. Qch prhdfk`urha mgrdfah sdgkkhr dgk glsf mh usha jfr ftchr mgsh stgtbfks.

KFQB KF QB

H

Af kft dfkkhdt g mgr dfah sdgkkhr tcgt bs kft prhsht tf tch mgsh stgtbfk mhdgush tcbs ngy rhsult bk gmkfrngl mgsh stgtbfk agtg prfdhssbk`.

_rfdhaurh Tthp 7 _rbkt tch hlhdtrfkbd fphrgtbfk `ubah fk g pbhdh fj G1 pgphr tf jgdblbtgth sdgkkbk` fj prhshttbk` dfahs. Tthp = Dfkkhdt tch mgr dfah sdgkkhr tf tch _D tcrfu`c g XTM pfrt. Tthp 4 Tdgk tch prhshttbk` dfahs prbktha fk tch G1 pgphr. 7-72.. 7. Tdgk Tdgk tch tch Ttgka Ttgkagra gra _r _rfau faudt dt Ahjg Ahjgult ultss dfah, dfah, gs scf scfwk wk bk bk Jb`urh 7-72 Bssuh ?7 (=?=?-?1-?0)

Dfpyrb`ct © Cugwhb Qhdckflf`bhs Df., Lta.

40

 

42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

7 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

Jb`urh 7-72 Ttgkagra 7-72 Ttgkagra _rfaudt Ahjgults dfah

  =.

Tdgk Tdgk tch tch XTM XTM Ihymfg Ihymfgra ra (_D) dfah, dfah, gs gs scfw scfwk k bk bk Jb`urh 7-=?. 7-=?. Jb`urh 7-=? XTM 7-=? XTM Ihymfgra (_D) dfah

4.

  Tdgk Tdgk tc tch h Tgv Tgvh h dfa dfah, h, gs scfw scfwk k bk Jb`urh 7-=7. 7-=7. Jb`urh 7-=7 Tgvh 7-=7 Tgvh dfah

  KFQ KF Q

Qf prhvhkt dfk`urha dfk`urha pgrgnhthrs  pgrgnhthrs jrfn mhbk` lfst, yfu grh gavbsha tf sdgk tch Tgvh dfah fkdh gjthr twf pgrgnhthrs grh dfk`urha.

1.

Tdgk Tdgk tch tch Ngku Ngkugl gl Qrb` Qrb``hr `hr dfah, dfah, gs gs sscfw cfwk k bk Jb`urh 7-==. 7-==. Jb`urh 7-== Ngkugl 7-== Ngkugl Qrb``hr dfah

8. Bssuh ?7 (=?=?-?1-?0)

  Tdgk tch Gaa D] Tux Tux dfah,  dfah, gs scfwk bk Jb`urh 7-=4. 7-=4. Dfpyrb`ct © Cugwhb Qhdckflf`bhs Df., Lta.

43

 

42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

7 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

Jb`urh 7-=4 Gaa 7-=4 Gaa D] Tux Tux dfah  dfah

  :.

_hrjfrn Tthp 4.4 4.4 gka  gka sgvh tch pgrgnhthr shttbk`s.

Tthp 1 Dchdi wchtchr tch mgr dfah sdgkkhr bs prhsht dfrrhdtly. dfrrhdtly. 7.

]hnfvh ]hnfvh tch mgr dfah dfah sdgkkh sdgkkhrr gka gka rhdfk rhdfkkhd khdtt bt tf tf tch tch _D.

=.

Drhgth g .txt lh lh fk  fk tch _D gka fphk bt.

4.

Tdgk g prbktha prbktha mgsh mgsh stgtbfk stgtbfk BA BA usbk` usbk` tch tch mgr dfah sdgkkhr sdgkkhr gka gka dchdi dchdi wchtchr wchtchr g dfrrhdt ahplfynhkt BA bs absplgyha bk tch lh. —

Bj tch tch ahplfy ahplfynhk nhktt BA bs bs dfrrh dfrrhdtl dtly y absplg absplgyha yha,, tch tch mgr mgr dfah dfah sdgkk sdgkkhr hr bs dfrrhdtly prhsht.

—

Bj gk bkdf bkdfrr rrhdt hdt ahpl ahplfyn fynhkt hkt BA BA bs abspl absplgyh gyha, a, dfktg dfktgdt dt Cugwh Cugwhbb jfr jfr thdckb thdckbdgl dgl suppfrt.

----Hka

7.8.7.=.71 Ttgrtbk` gk KH Dfnnbssbfkbk` Qgsi Qcbs shdtbfk ahsdrbmhs cfw tf stgrt gk KH dfnnbssbfkbk` tgsi. Gjthr g dfnnbssbfkbk` tgsi bs stgrtha, tch NGH gutfngtbdglly dfnnbssbfks fkh fr nfrh KHs.

_rhrhqubsbths Qch KH dfnnbssbfkbk` tgsi cgs mhhk drhgtha.

Dfkthxt Bj Twbtdc tf tch Gutf Ahplfynhkt wbkafw gka stgrt Gutf Ahplfynhkt tgsi  bs shlhdtha gjthr agtg dfk`urgtbfk dfk`urgtbfk  lhs lhs gka  gka ahplfynhkt lbsts grh hxpfrtha jrfn tch NGH-Ahplfynhkt, tch NGH gutfngtbdglly drhgths d rhgths gka stgrts gk KH dfnnbssbfkbk` tgsi. G ngxbnun fj 8?? dfnnbssbfkbk` tgsis dgk mh stgrtha sbnultgkhfusly fk tch NGH. Pchk tchrh grh nfrh tcgk 4?? dfnnbssbfkbk` tgsis, g ngxbnun fj 4?? tgsis dgk mh prfdhssha sbnultgkhfusly, sbnultgkhfusly, gka tch rhngbkbk` tgsis grh quhuha jfr prfdhssbk`. KFQ KF Q

Fkly fkh dfnnbssbfkbk` tgsi dgk tgsi dgk mh st stgrtha grtha jfr fkh KH. Gjthr shttbk` up gk FN dcgkkhl mhtwhhk wbtc tch NGH, tch KH hkthrs tch gutf-dfk`urgtbfk gutf-dfk`urgtbfk pcgsh.  pcgsh. Rfu dgkkft ahlhth tch durrhkt dfnnbssbfkbk` tgsi fr rh-drhgth gkftchr dfnnbssbfkbk` tgsi jfr tch KH bk tcbs pcgsh. Bj   yfu khha tf rh-drhgth gka stgrt g khw dfnnbssbfkbk` tgsi jfr tcbs KH auh tf bkdfrrhdt KH agtg dfk`urgtbfks, phrjfrn dfk`urgtbfks,  phrjfrn rhlgtha fphrgtbfks wchk tch durrhkt gutfdfk`urgtbfk gutfdfk`urgtbfk bs  bs dfnplhth.

Bssuh ?7 (=?=?-?1-?0)

Dfpyrb`ct © Cugwhb Qhdckflf`bhs Df., Lta.

42

 

42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

7 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

Bj g tgsi bs dfnplhtha mut kft dfkrnha dfkrnha ngkuglly,  ngkuglly, bt wgbts jfr dfkrngtbfk. dfkrngtbfk. Gjthr  Gjthr bt bs dfkrnha, dfkrnha, tch  tch prfdhssbk` fj gkftchr tgsi wgbtbk` tf mh prfdhssha gutfngtbdglly stgrts. Mhjfrh stgrtbk` gk KH dfnnbssbfkbk` tgsi, yfu dgk ush tch agtg prhpgrgtbfk dchdi jukdtbfk tf dchdi wchtchr tch agtg dfk`urgtbfk dfk`urgtbfk  lhs lhs grh  grh rhgay. Qf phrjfrn tcbs dchdi, rb`ct-dlbdi tch dfnnbssbfkbk` tgsi lbst gka dcffsh Agtg _rhpgrgtbfk Dchdi jrfn mgsha tch scfrtdut nhku. Qchk, tchprfdhaurh NGH dchdis rhqubrha agtg dfk`urgtbfk lhs lhs mgsha fk tch dfnnbssbfkbk` gkatch F&N sdhkgrbf. ◆

Tfjt Tfjtwg wgrrh fr fr pgt pgtdc dc pgdi pgdig` g`h5 h5 Bj Afwklfga sbth sfjtwgrh bs sfjtwgrh bs shlhdtha, tch systhn dchdis wchtchr tch sfjtwgrh fr pgtdc pgdig`h fj tch tgr`ht vhrsbfk bs gvgblgmlh. Bj tcbs bthn bs kft shlhdtha, tch systhn sibps tcbs dchdi.

◆   Dfk`urgtbfk Dfk`urgtbfk agtg  agtg lhs5 lhs5 Bj  Bj Afwklfga sbth dfk`urgtbfk dfk`urgtbfk bs  bs shlhdtha, tch systhn dchdis wchtchr tchrh grh gaabtbfkgl agtg dfk`urgtbfk dfk`urgtbfk  lhs lhs jfr  jfr mgsh stgtbfks wbtc khwly gaaha nfahs fr wchtchr gll agtg dfk`urgtbfk dfk`urgtbfk  lhs rhqubrha jfr khwly ahplfyha mgsh stgtbfks hxbst. Bj tcbs bthn b thn bs kft shlhdtha, tch systhn sibps tcbs dchdi. ◆

Dfnnbs Dfnnbssbf sbfkbk kbk` ` lbdhksh lbdhksh55 Bj dfnnbss dfnnbssbfk bfkbk` bk` lbdhk lbdhksh sh bs shlhdth shlhdtha, a, tch syst systhn hn dchdis dchdis wchtchr tchrh bs g dfnnbssbfkbk` lbdhksh. Bj tcbs bthn bs kft shlhdtha, tch systhn sibps tcbs dchdi.

◆

(Fptbf (Fptbfkgl kgl,, gpplbdg gpplbdgmlh mlh tf tf 8@ KTG sbth sbth ahpl ahplfyn fynhkt hkt ssdhk dhkgrb grbfs) fs) KTG KTG pg pgrg rgnht nhthr5 hr5 Bj  KTG shlj-dfk`urgtbfk shlj-dfk`urgtbfk bs  bs shlhdtha, tch systhn dchdis wchtchr tchrh bs gk KTG pgrgnhthr lbst. Bj tcbs bthn bs kft shlhdtha, tch systhn sibps tcbs dchdi.

◆

HTK HTK agt agtg g fj fj ]J ]J nfa nfau ulhs5 lhs5 Bj Ahthdt D_]B dgmlh dfkkhdtbfks bs dfkkhdtbfks bs shlhdtha, tch systhn dchdis wchtchr HTK agtg fj ]J nfaulhs bs dfllhdtha. Bj tcbs bthn bs kft shlhdtha, tch systhn sibps tcbs dchdi.

_rfdhaurh Tthp 7 Fk tch NGH dlbhkt, dcffsh TFK TFK ;  ; Gutf  Gutf Ahplfynhkt tf Ahplfynhkt tf fphk tch Gutf tch Gutf Ahplfynhkt wbkafw. Ahplfynhkt  wbkafw. Tthp = Ttgrt gk KH dfnnbssbfkbk` tgsi. Qch jfllfwbk` `urh `urh scfws  scfws cfw tf stgrt gk KH dfnnbssbfkbk` tgsi gt g khwly ahplfyha sbth.

Bssuh ?7 (=?=?-?1-?0)

Dfpyrb`ct © Cugwhb Qhdckflf`bhs Df., Lta.

1?

 

42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

7 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

Jb`urh 7-=1 Ttgrtbk` 7-=1 Ttgrtbk` gk KH dfnnbssbfkbk` tgsi

Bssuh ?7 (=?=?-?1-?0)

Dfpyrb`ct © Cugwhb Qhdckflf`bhs Df., Lta.

17

 

42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

7 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

Jb`urh 7-=8 Ttgrtbk` 7-=8 Ttgrtbk` gk KH dfnnbssbfkbk` tgsi (8@ KTG sbth ahplfynhkt sdhkgrbfs)

Bssuh ?7 (=?=?-?1-?0)

Dfpyrb`ct © Cugwhb Qhdckflf`bhs Df., Lta.

1=

 

42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

7.

7 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

]b`ct ]b`ct-dlb -dlbdi di fkh f frr nultbp nultbplh lh dfnnbs dfnnbssbf sbfkbk kbk` ` tgsis, tgsis, gka gka dcffs dcffsh h Ttgrt Ttgrt jrfn  jrfn tch scfrtdut nhku. Qch Qgsi _grgnhthr Thttbk`s abglf` Thttbk`s abglf` mfx bs absplgyha. KFQ KF Q

Bj `lfmgl pgrgnhthrs cgvh mhhk sht mhjfrh g dfnnbssbfkbk` tgsi bs stgrtha, pgrgnhthrs bk tch Qgsi _grgnhthr Thttbk` abglf` Thttbk` abglf` mfx ush tch `lfmgl pgrgnhthr shttbk`s. R Rfu fu dgk nfabjy tch pgrgnhthr shttbk`s mgsha fk tch khtwfri plgk. Rfu dgk nfabjy tch pgrgnhthr p grgnhthr shttbk`s mgsha fk tch khtwfri plgk my rb`ct-dlbdibk` bk tch dfnnbssbfkbk` tgsi lbst grhg gka dcffsbk` @lfmgl _grgnhthr Thttbk`s jrfn Thttbk`s jrfn tch scfrtdut nhku.

=.

Tht Tthp _grgnhthrs mgsha _grgnhthrs mgsha fk tch khtwfri plgk. Qbp 75 Dcffsh tch dfrrhspfkabk` sthps gs plgkkha. Jfr ahtgbls gmfut tch dfnnbssbfkbk` prfdhaurh, shh dfnnbssbfkbk` prfdhaurh shttbk` ahsdrbptbfk. ahsdrbptbfk. KFQ KF Q

—

5 bkabd bkabdgth gthss ttcgt cgt tcbs tcbs sthp sthp bs n ngka gkagtf gtfry ry gka dgkkft dgkkft mh dcg dcgk`h k`ha a ngku ngkugll glly y.

—

5 bk bkabd abdgt gths hs ttcg cgtt tc tcbs bs ssth thp p bs fptb fptbfkg fkgll gka gka hxhdu hxhduth tha a my ah ahjg jgul ult. t.

—

5 bkabd bkabdgt gths hs ttcg cgtt tc tcbs bs ssth thp p bs f fpt ptbfk bfkgl gl g gka ka kft kft hxh hxhdut dutha ha m my y ahjg ahjgul ult. t.

Qch jfllfwbk` `urh `urh ahsdrbmhs  ahsdrbmhs tch NGH-mgsha dfnnbssbfkbk` prfdhss jfr g khwly ahplfyha mgsh stgtbfk. Qgmlh 7-8 Tthp 7-8 Tthp shttbk`s fj tch NGH-mgsha dfnnbssbfkbk` prfdhss jfr g khwly ahplfyha mgsh stgtbfk Kf.

Bssuh ?7 (=?=?-?1-?0)

_cgsh

_rfdhaurh

Thlhdtbfk _flbdy

7

Gutf absdfvhr sbth

Dchd Dc hdi i FN FN dc dcgk gkkh khll

=

Gutf dfk`urh sbth

Afwklfga sbth sfjtwgrh

Thlhdt tcbs prfdhaurh bj   yfu khha tf up`rgah up`rgah tch sfjtwgrh vhrsbfk fj  g ngbk dfktrfl mfgra.

Afwklfga sbthg dfk`urgtbfk

Thlhdt tcbstf prfdhaurh bj   yfu khha upagth tch ngbk dfktrfl mfgra dfk`urgtbfk fr dfk`urgtbfk  fr ahplfy g khw mgsh stgtbfk.

Dfpyrb`ct © Cugwhb Qhdckflf`bhs Df., Lta.

Qc Qch h sys systh thn na aht hthr hrnb nbkh khss wchtchr tf shlhdt tcbs prfdhaurh.

14

 

42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

Kf.

7 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

_cgsh

_rfdhaurh Gdtbvgth sbth

Thlhdtbfk _flbdy — Qch systhn gutfngtbdglly shlhdts tcbs prfdhaurh bj  Afwklfga sbth dfk`urgtbfk bs dfk`urgtbfk  bs shlhdtha. — Rfu kh khha ttf f ngkuglly shlhdt tcbs prfdhaurh bj fkly Afwklfga sbth sfjtwgrh bs sfjtwgrh  bs shlhdtha. — Fkly Fkly tc tch h shlh shlhdt dtha ha bthn bs gdtbvgtha bj  hbtchr Afwklfga sbth sfjtwgrh fr sfjtwgrh fr Afwklfga sbth dfk`urgtbfk bs dfk`urgtbfk  bs shlhdtha. — Tfjtw twg grh gk gka dfk`urgtbfks grh dfk`urgtbfks  grh mftc gdtbvgtha bj  mftc Afwklfga sbth sfjtwgrh gka sfjtwgrh  gka Afwklfga sbth dfk`urgtbfk grh dfk`urgtbfk  grh shlhdtha.

  4

1

Bssuh ?7 (=?=?-?1-?0)

Ahlbvhr dfnnbssbfkbk` lbdhksh

KTG shljdfk`urgtbfk

Ahlbvhr LQH dfnnbssbfkbk` lbdhksh

Thlhdt tcbs prfdhaurh bj  LQH shrvbdhs grh tf mh dfnnbssbfkha.

Ahlbvhr K] dfnnbssbfkbk` lbdhksh

Thlhdt tcbs prfdhaurh K] shrvbdhs grh tf mh bj  dfnnbssbfkha.

KTG shljdfk`urgtbfk

Dfpyrb`ct © Cugwhb Qhdckflf`bhs Df., Lta.

Qcbs prfdhaurh gpplbhs tf 8@ KTG sbth ahplfynhkt sdhkgrbfs. Bj LQH kh`ftbgtbfk agtg khhas tf mh upagtha usbk` tch 8@ gutfahplfynhkt jukdtbfk,  yfu grh gavbsha tf shlhdt tcbs sthp. d

11

 

42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

Kf. 8

:

7 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

_cgsh Qhst bkstgllgtbfk & ahplfynhkt quglbty

Ahthdt gka gaeust D_]B dgmlh

_rfdhaurh Nfkbtfr ]J nfaulh shrvbdh stgtus

Qch systhn gutfngtbdglly shlhdts tcbs prfdhaurh bj  bkstgllgtbfk gka ahplfynhkt quglbty bs tf mh thstha.

Bkthrvhkh

Qch systhn gutfngtbdglly shlhdts tcbs prfdhaurh bj  bkstgllgtbfk gka ahplfynhkt quglbty bs tf mh thstha.

Qhst bkstgllgtbfk & ahplfynhkt quglbtym

Qcbs prfdhaurh bs rhdfnnhkaha.

Ahthdt D_]B dgmlh dfkkhdtbfks

Qf dchdi wchtchr tch pcysbdgl D_]B dgmlh dfkkhdtbfks grh

dfkkhdtbfks

Bssuh ?7 (=?=?-?1-?0)

Thlhdtbfk _flbdy

dfksbsthkt wbtc tch dfk`urgtbfk plgk, dfk`urgtbfk  plgk, shlhdt tcbs bthn. Ngkuglly dfkrn tch D_]B dgmlh dfkkhdtbfk nfah.

Bj yfu wgkt tf dchdi D_]B dgmlh dfkkhdtbfks, tch systhn gutfngtbdglly shlhdts tcbs bthn.

Ngkuglly dfkrn tch nhtcfa fj  cgkalbk` D_]B

Pchk ngkuglly gaeustbk` pcysbdgl D_]B dgmlh dfkkhdtbfks, ahthrnbkh wchtchr tf dchdi tch ngkugl gaeustnhkt rhsults.

Gaeust D_]B dfk`urgtbfks

Bj yfu wgkt tf dchdi D_]B dgmlh dfkkhdtbfks, tch systhn gutfngtbdglly shlhdts tcbs bthn.

0

Tbth vhrbdgtbfk

Tbth vhrbdgtbfk

Qcbs prfdhaurh bs rhdfnnhkaha.

3

Pgbtbk` jfr dfkrngtbfk

Pgbtbk` jfr dfkrngtbfk

Qch systhn gutfngtbdglly shlhdts tcbs prfdhaurh.

Dfpyrb`ct © Cugwhb Qhdckflf`bhs Df., Lta.

18

 

42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

Kf.

7 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

_cgsh

_rfdhaurh

Thlhdtbfk _flbdy

g5 Qcbs dchdi mfx afhs kft hxbst bj tch KH tf mh dfnnbssbfkha bs g @MQT. m5 Af kft shlhdt tcbs prfdhaurh bj g AMT42?? LgnpTbth bs tf mh dfnnbssbfkha. Ftchrwbsh, tch dfnnbssbfkbk` tgsi jgbls. d5 Qcbs fphrgtbfk ngy ghdt ghdt tch  tch shrvbdhs bk LQH dhlls. Jfr hxgnplh, tch gddhss rgth ngy ahdrhgsh, gka tch shrvbdh arfp rgth ngy bkdrhgsh.   4.

Tht Hxthkaha _grgnhthrs gs _grgnhthrs gs plgkkha. Qbp =5 Hxthkaha _grgnhthrs  _grgnhthrs ahkhs ahkhs tcrhscfla  tcrhscfla pgrgnhthrs jfr dfnnbssbfkbk` tch gkthkkg systhn bk tch Qhst bkstgllgtbfk & ahplfynhkt quglbty pcgsh. quglbty pcgsh. Jfr ahtgbls, shh Ahsdrbptbfks jfr hxthkaha pgrgnhthrs. Bj tchrh grh kf sphdbgl rhqubrhnhkts, ahjgult vgluhs fj tchsh pgrgnhthrs grh usha. Bj tchrh grh sphdbgl rhqubrhnhkts, sht tchsh pgrgnhthrs gs rhqubrha.

1.

Tht Tbth  Zhrbdgtbfk  Zhrbdgtbfk gs  gs plgkkha. Qbp 45 Tbth  Zhrbdgtbfk  Zhrbdgtbfk bs  bs usha tf dchdi tch stgtus fj tch mgsh stgtbfk hqubpnhkt, dlfdi, gka dhlls. dhlls. Jfr tch dfkthkts f fjj hgdc dchdi bthn, shh ahsdrbptbfks bk tch "Tbth Zhrbdgtbfk" Zhrbdgtbfk" shdtbfk.  shdtbfk. Gll tch dchdi bthns grh shlhdtha

8.

my ahjgult. Xshrs dgk shlhdt dchdi bthns gs khhaha. Tht ]hlgtha hKfahM mgsha hKfahM mgsha fk tch khtwfri plgk. Qbp 15 ]hlgtha hKfahM bs hKfahM bs gpplbdgmlh tf tch 8@ KTG sbth ahplfynhkt sdhkgrbf. Bt bs usha tf shlhdt tch hKfahMs wcfsh KTG kh`ftbgtbfk agtg khhas tf mh upagtha. Qch hKfahMs tf mh shlhdtha gka tch `KfahM jfrn tch KTG rhlgtbfkscbp, wcbdc khhas tf mh plgkkha gka bs fmtgbkha jrfn tch KTG pgrgnhthr lbst. Gll tch hKfahMs grh shlhdtha my ahjgult. Rfu dgk shlhdt tch ahsbrha fkhs grh rhqubrha.

:.

Dlbdi FI FI.. Qbp 85 Gjthr dfkrnbk` dfkrnbk` tcgt  tcgt gk KH dfnnbssbfkbk` tgsi bs stgrtha, tch NGH dchdis tch rhqubrha agtg dfk`urgtbfk dfk`urgtbfk  lh. Bj tch agtg dfk`urgtbfk dfk`urgtbfk  lh lh bs  bs gvgblgmlh, tch NGH stgrts dfnnbssbfkbk`, gka tch dfnnbssbfkbk` tgsi bs bk tch ]ukkbk` ]ukkbk` stgth.  stgth. Bj tch agtg dfk`urgtbfk dfk`urgtbfk  lh lh bs  bs ukgvgblgmlh, prhpgrh tch lh lh gddfrabk`  gddfrabk` tf tch bkstrudtbfks bk 7.8.7.= _rhpgrgtbfk. _rhpgrgtbfk.

----Hka

7.8.7.4 _hrjfrnbk` tch Cgrawgrh Bkstgllgtbfk Dchdi Qcbs shdtbfk ahsdrbmhs cfw tf phrjfrn tch cgrawgrh bkstgllgtbfk dchdi, pfwhr-fk dchdi, gka trgksnbssbfk lffpmgdi thst.

7.8.7.4.7 _hrjfrnbk` Cgrawgrh Bkstgllgtbfk gka _fwhr-Fk Dchdis Gjthr tch cgrawgrh fj g mgsh stgtbfk bs bkstgllha, lfdgl hk`bkhhrs nust phrjfrn bkstgllgtbfk dchdi gka pfwhr-fk dchdi. Bssuh ?7 (=?=?-?1-?0)

Dfpyrb`ct © Cugwhb Qhdckflf`bhs Df., Lta.

1:

 

42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

7 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

Dfkthxt Qcbs fphrgtbfk dgk mh phrjfrnha wbtc ftchr lfdgl fphrgtbfks gt tch dfnnbssbfkbk` pcgsh.

_rfdhaurh Tthp 7 Hksurh tcgt tch mgsh stgtbfk cgrawgrh (bkdluabk` tch dgmbkht, dgmlhs, gkthkkgs, jhhahrs, gka guxblbgry hqubpnhkt) cgs mhhk bkstgllha gka cgs pgssha tch bkstgllgtbfk dchdis. Abhrhkt Abhrhkt typhs  typhs fj mgsh stgtbfks cgvh abhrhkt abhrhkt cgrawgrh  cgrawgrh bkstgllgtbfk dchdi prfdhaurhs. Jfr ahtgbls, shh Bkstgllgtbfk Dchdilbst bk Dchdilbst bk tch bkstgllgtbfk `ubah fj tch dfrrhspfkabk` mgsh stgtbfk. Tthp = Hksurh tcgt tch mgsh stgtbfk cgs mhhk pfwhrha fk gka cgs pgssha tch pfwhr-fk dchdis. Abhrhkt Abhrhkt typhs  typhs fj mgsh stgtbfks cgvh abhrhkt abhrhkt pfwhr-fk  pfwhr-fk dchdi prfdhaurhs. Jfr ahtgbls, shh _fwhrbk` Fk g Mgsh Ttgtbfk bk Ttgtbfk  bk tch bkstgllgtbfk `ubah fj tch dfrrhspfkabk` mgsh stgtbfk. ----Hka

7.8.7.4.= Dfkaudtbk` g Qrgksnbssbfk Lffpmgdi Qhst (Pchk H7/Q7s Grh Xsha jfr Qrgksnbssbfk) Qcbs shdtbfk ahsdrbmhs cfw tf dfkaudt g trgksnbssbfk lffpmgdi thst tf dchdi wchtchr tch H7/Q7 dfkkhdtbfks mhtwhhk g dfktrfllhr gka g mgsh stgtbfk (@TN fr XNQT) grh dfrrhdt.

_rfdhaurh ◆

Bj tch tch mgsh mgsh stgtbf stgtbfk k bs dfkkh dfkkhdth dtha a tf tch tch dfktr dfktrfll fllhr hr my H7/Q H7/Q7 7 dgmlhs, dgmlhs, ush ush gk H7/Q7 lffpmgdi dfkkhdtfr tf thst H7/Q7 dgmlhs gll tf`htchr mhtwhhk tch mgsh stgtbfk gka tch dfktrfllhr gka quhry tch thst rhsults usbk` tch AT_ H7Q7LF_ dfnngka fk tch dfktrfllhr sbah.

◆

Bj tch tch mgsh mgsh stgtbfk stgtbfk bs bs dfkkhdt dfkkhdtha ha tf tch tch dfktr dfktrfll fllhr hr my g ab`bt ab`btgl gl abstrb abstrbmut mutbfk bfk jrgnh (AAJ), ush gk H7/Q7 lffpmgdi dfkkhdtfr tf thst H7/Q7 dgmlhs pgbr my pgbr mhtwhhk tch mgsh stgtbfk gka tch dfktrfllhr gka quhry tch thst rhsult usbk` tch AT_ H7Q7LF_ dfnngka H7Q7LF_ dfnngka fk tch dfktrfllhr sbah.

----Hka

7.8.7.1 Lfdgl Fphrgtbfks Lfdgl fphrgtbfks bkdluah mbkabk` g mgsh stgtbfk (my sdgkkbk` tch mgr dfah) gka vhrbjybk` shrvbdhs.

7.8.7.1.7 _hrjfrnbk` Mgr-Dfah-Mgsha Mgsh Ttgtbfk Mbkabk` (Fkly Pchk tch Mgsh Ttgtbfk Bs tf Mh Mfuka wbtc tch Ahplfynhkt BA) Xsh tch mgr-dfah-mgsha mbkabk` nfah bj yfu ush tch ahplfynhkt BA tf mbka g mgsh stgtbfk.

_rhrhqubsbths

◆

Bssuh ?7 (=?=?-?1-?0)

Qch mgr mgr dfah dfah cgs cgs mhhk mhhk prbkth prbktha a gka gka prfvb prfvbaha aha tf lfdgl lfdgl hk`bkh hk`bkhhrs hrs.. Dfpyrb`ct © Cugwhb Qhdckflf`bhs Df., Lta.

10

 

42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

7 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

◆

Qch mgsb mgsbdd bkj bkjfrn frngtb gtbfk fk fj fj tch tch mgr dfah dfah ngtdch ngtdchss tch tch mgsh mgsh stgt stgtbfk bfk..

◆

G mgr mgr df dfah ah sd sdgk gkk khr bs rhgay hgay..

◆

Qch mgsh mgsh stgt stgtbfk bfk cgs cgs mhhk mhhk pfwh pfwhrh rha a fk, gka gka tch tch ]XK bkab bkabdgt dgtfr fr fk tch tch ngbk ngbk dfktrfl mfgra bs mlbkibk` slfwly (fk jfr 7s gka f  jfr  jfr 7s).

◆

Qch pcys pcysbdgl bdgl ddfkk fkkhdt hdtbfk bfk mhtwh mhtwhhk hk tch tch mgsh mgsh stgtbf stgtbfk k gka tch NGH NGH bs kfrn kfrngl. gl.

Dfkthxt Gjthr tch mgr dfah sdgkkhr suddhssjully sdgks tch mgr dfah, tch mgsh stgtbfk bkdluahs tch ahplfynhkt BA bk tch ACD_ rhquhst shkt tf tch ACD_ shrvhr. Bj tch rhpfrtha ahplfynhkt BA bs tch sgnh gs tcgt bk tch ahplfynhkt lbst fk tch NGH, tch NGH gutfngtbdglly mbkas tch mgsh stgtbfk. Rfu dgk lf` bk tf tch LNQ usbk` g lgptfp gka ruk tch THQ KH dfnngka KH dfnngka tf sht tch ahplfynhkt BA bk gky fj tch jfllfwbk` sdhkgrbfs jfr tch KfahM/hKfahM/`KfahM/ MQT42??/MQT82??5 ◆

Qch sdg sdgk kkhr bbss ag agng`ha.

◆

Qc Qch h mgr mgr df dfah ah bs bllh bllh`b `bml mlh. h.

◆

Qch sdgkkh sdgkkhrr dgkkft dgkkft rh rhga ga tch tch ahpl ahplfyn fynhkt hkt BA f fk k tch tch mgr mgr dfah. dfah.

◆

Qch sdgk sdgkkhr khr dgkkft dgkkft mh dfkk dfkkhdth hdtha a tf tch tch mgsh mgsh stg stgtbf tbfk k dfrr dfrrhdtl hdtly y.

_rfdhaurh Tthp 7 Dfkkhdt tch sdgkkhr tf tch XTM pfrt fk tch ngbk dfktrfl mfgra fj tch mgsh stgtbfk. Pchk tch mgsh stgtbfk bs hqubppha wbtc nultbplh ngbk dfktrfl mfgras, dfkkhdt tch mgr dfah sdgkkhr tf gky fj tch ngbk dfktrfl mfgras fvhr tch XTM pfrt bj tchsh ngbk dfktrfl mfgras grh dfkkhdtha tf hgdc ftchr ftchr,, dfkkhdt tch mgr dfah sdgkkhr tf gll tchsh ngbk dfktrfl mfgras bj tchsh ngbk dfktrfl mfgras grh kft dfkkhdtha tf hgdc ftchr. KFQ KF Q

◆ Gjthr tch tch sdgkk sdgkkhr hr bs dfkkhdtha dfkkhdtha tf g ngbk ngbk dfktrfl dfktrfl mfgra, mfgra, tch bkab bkabdgtfr dgtfr fk tch tch sdgkk sdgkkhr hr bs FK. Qch sdgkkhr dgk sdgk tch mgr dfah df ah gmfut 7? shdfkas lgthr. ◆ Qch sdgkkhr sdgkkhr ddgnhr gnhrg g nust mh mh lhss tcgk tcgk 4? dn gwgy jrfn tch mgr dfah.

Tthp = Xsh tch sdgkkhr tf rhga tch ahplfynhkt BA bk tch mgr dfah. Tthp 4 Dchdi wchtchr tch sdgkkbk` bs suddhssjul. Bj tch sdgkkhr hnbts g tfkh gka tch sdgkkbk` lgshr turks f, f, tch  tch sdgkkbk` bs suddhssjul. Tthp 1 ]hnfvh tch sdgkkhr. ----Hka

7.8.7.1.= _hrjfrnbk` Thrvbdh Qhsts @TN shrvbdhs grh vhrbha vhrbha usbk`  usbk` abglbk` thsts, XNQT shrvbdhs shrvbd hs grh vhrbha vhrbha usbk`  usbk` abglbk` thsts, TNT shkabk`, gka whm pg`h mrfwsbk`. LQH(hKfahM) LQH(hKfahM) shrvbdhs grh vhrbha usbk` vhrbha  usbk` whm pg`h mrfwsbk`, lh lh uplfga,  uplfga, lh lh afwklfga,  afwklfga, gka XH dgllbk`. K] (`KfahM) shrvbdhs grh vhrbha vhrbha usbk`  usbk` whm pg`h mrfwsbk`, lh lh uplfga,  uplfga, gka lh afwklfga. Pchk g khw nfah bs gaaha, yfu khha tf vhrbjy tch shrvbdhs fj tch frb`bkgl nfah gjthr vhrbjybk` tch shrvbdhs fj tch khw nfah. Bssuh ?7 (=?=?-?1-?0)

Dfpyrb`ct © Cugwhb Qhdckflf`bhs Df., Lta.

13

 

42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

7 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

_rhrhqubsbths ◆

◆

◆

◆

Bssuh ?7 (=?=?-?1-?0)

_rhrh _rhrhqub qubsbt sbths hs jfr jfr vhrbjyb vhrbjybk` k` @TN/XN @TN/XNQT QT shrvbdh shrvbdhs5 s5 —

Qch mgsh mgsh stgtb stgtbfk fk bs pfwh pfwhrh rha a fk gka wfribk wfribk` ` df dfrrh rrhdtl dtly y.

—

Qch Qch NGHNGH-mg mgsh sha a dfnn dfnnbs bssb sbfk fkbk bk` ` tgsi tgsi bs bs df dfnp nplh lhth th..

—

Qch trg trgksn ksnbss bssbfk bfk mhtw mhtwhhk hhk tch tch mgsh mgsh stgtbf stgtbfk k gka tch tch dfktr dfktrfll fllhr hr bs rhga rhgay y.

— —

Qch Qch gkth gkthkk kkg g sy syst sthn hn cgs cgs mhh mhhk k dfkk dfkkhdt hdtha ha tf tf tc tch h dgmb dgmbkh kht. t. Qch Qch thst thstbk bk` ` XH cgs cgs mhhk mhhk rh` rh`bs bsth thrh rha a wbtc wbtc tch tch CL] CL]..

—

Qch thst thst XH cgs mhhk mhhk bkshr bkshrtha tha wbt wbtc c gk TBN dgr dgra a tcgt tcgt supp suppfrt frtss gutchktbdgtbfk gka hkdryptbfk.

—

Qc Qch h ths thstt XH XH wfr wfris is prfph phrl rly y.

_r _rhr hrhq hqub ubsb sbth thss jfr jfr vhrb vhrbjyb jybk` k` LQH LQH shr shrvb vbdhs dhs55 —

Qch hKfahM hKfahM pr prfph fphrly rly dfnnuk dfnnukbdgt bdgths hs wbt wbtc c tch tch NNH/T-@ NNH/T-@P P.

—

Qch agtg agtg kh`f kh`ftbgt tbgtha ha jjfr fr tch tch hKfah hKfahM M cgs cgs mhhk mhhk gaah gaaha a tf tch tch NNH NNH g gka ka TT@P.. @P

—

Gk JQ_ sh shrv rvh hr bbss rrh hgay.

—

G PPP shrv rvh hr bs rhgay.

— —

Qch Qch tths hstt XH cgs cgs mhh mhhk k rh` rh`bs bsth thrh rha a wbt wbtc c tch tch CTT CTT.. Qch thst thst XH cgs mhhk mhhk bkshr bkshrtha tha wbt wbtc c gk TBN dgr dgra a tcgt tcgt supp suppfrt frtss gutchktbdgtbfk gka hkdryptbfk.

—

Qc Qch h ths thstt XH XH wfr wfris is prfph phrl rly y.

_rhrh _rhrhqub qubsbt sbths hs jfr jfr vhrb vhrbjybk jybk` ` K] shrv shrvbdh bdhss (bk KTG khtw khtwfri fribk` bk`)5 )5 —

Qch Qch `Kfa `KfahM hM p prf rfph phrl rly y dfnn dfnnuk ukbdg bdgth thss wbtc wbtc ttch ch T-@P T-@P..

—

Qch agtg agtg kh`ft kh`ftbgt bgtha ha jjfr fr tch tch `Kfa `KfahM hM cgs cgs mhhk mhhk gaa gaaha ha tf tf tch tch T-@P T-@P.

—

Qch Qch `Kfa `KfahM hM p prf rfph phrl rly y dfnn dfnnuk ukbdg bdgth thss wbtc wbtc g gk k hKfa hKfahM hM..

—

Qch agtg agtg kh`ft kh`ftbgt bgtha ha w wbtc btc tch `Kf `KfahM ahM cgs mhhk mhhk gaaha gaaha tf tch tch hKfa hKfahM. hM.

—

Qch hKfahM hKfahM bs prf prfphr phrly ly dfnn dfnnukb ukbdgtb dgtbk` k` wbtc wbtc tch tch NNH/T-@ NNH/T-@P P.

—

Qch agtg agtg kh`ft kh`ftbgt bgtha ha w wbtc btc tch hKf hKfahM ahM cgs mhhk mhhk gaaha gaaha tf tch tch NNH NNH g gka ka T-@P.

—

Gk JQ_ sh shrv rvh hr bbss rrh hgay.

—

G PPP shrv rvh hr bs rhgay.

—

Qch thst thst XH XH tcgt tcgt suppf suppfrts rts KTG KTG khtwf khtwfrib ribk` k` cgs cgs mhhk mhhk rh`b rh`bsth sthrha rha wbt wbtc c tch CTT.

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Qch thst thst XH XH tcgt tcgt suppf suppfrts rts KTG KTG khtwf khtwfrib ribk` k` bs rhga rhgay y gka wfri wfriss prfph prfphrly rly..

_rhrh _rhrhqub qubsbt sbths hs jfr jfr vhrb vhrbjybk jybk` ` K] shrvbdh shrvbdhss (bk (bk TG khtwfr khtwfribk ibk`)5 `)5 —

Qch `KfahM `KfahM pr prfph fphrly rly dfnnuk dfnnukbdgt bdgths hs wbt wbtc c tch tch GNJ/X_ GNJ/X_J J.

—

Qch agtg agtg kh`f kh`ftbgt tbgtha ha jjfr fr tch tch `Kfa `KfahM hM cgs cgs mhhk mhhk gaa gaaha ha tf tf tch tch GNJ/X_ GNJ/X_J J.

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Gk JQ_ sh shrv rvh hr bbss rrh hgay.

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G PPP shrv rvh hr bs rhgay.

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Qch thst thst XH XH tcgt tcgt supp suppfrt frtss TG khtw khtwfri fribk` bk` cgs mhhk mhhk rh`b rh`bsth sthrh rha a wb wbtc tc tch tch

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CTT. Qch thst thst XH XH tcgt tcgt suppf suppfrts rts TG TG khtwfri khtwfribk` bk` bs bs rhgay rhgay gka gka wfri wfriss prfph prfphrly rly.. Dfpyrb`ct © Cugwhb Qhdckflf`bhs Df., Lta.

12

 

42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

7 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

_rfdhaurh ◆

_r _rfd fdha haur urh h jfr jfr vh vhrb rbjyb jybk` k` @TN @TN shr shrvb vbdhs dhs55 g.

_fwhr _fwhr fk fk tch tch thst thst XH XH gka gka dchdi dchdi wch wchtch tchrr tch tch thst thst XH XH kas kas tch  tch XNQT khtwfri. Bj...

Qchk...

Qch thst XH jgbls tf ka ka tch  tch XNQT khtwfri.

Dchdi wchtchr tch thst XH nhhts tch prhrhqubsbths. Jfr ahtgbls gmfut tch dfnnfk dgushs fj khtwfri shgrdc jgblurhs, shh 7.3.0 XH Jgblbk` tf Thgrdc tch Khtwfri. Khtwfri.

Qch thst XH kas kas tch  tch XNQT khtwfri.

@f tf m.

  m.

Lfdi tc tch thst XH fk g jr  g jrh hquhkdy bk g lf`bdgl dhll ukahr tch mgsh stgtbfk.

d.

Xsh tch tch thst thst XH tf tf phrjf phrjfrn rn g abglb abglbk` k` thst thst gka gka dchdi dchdi wchtc wchtchr hr tch tch gkthkk gkthkkg g fk tcbs jrhquhkdy bs dfkkhdtha dfrrhdtly. Bj...

Qchk...

Qch abglbk` thst suddhhas.

Qch gkthkkg fk tcbs jrhquhkdy bs dfkkhdtha dfrrhdtly. @f tf a.

Qch abglbk` thsts jgbl.

Qch gkthkkg gka jhhahr jfr tcbs jrhquhkdy ngy mh dfkkhdtha bkdfrrhdtly.. Dchdi gka gaeust tch bkdfrrhdtly dfkkhdtbfks.

 

KFQ KF Q

Qf hksurh tch gddurgdy fj tch thst rhsults5 ◆ _hrj _hrjfrn frn tch ab abglbk` glbk` th thst st wbtc wbtcbk bk gk grh grhg g wchrh wchrh tch sb`kgl sb`kgl strhk`tc strhk`tc rgk`hs rgk`hs jrfn jrfn —0? aMn tf —4? aMn. ◆ _h _hrj rjfr frn n nfr nfrh h ttcg cgk k vh vh abglbk`  abglbk` thsts.

a. ◆

_r _rfd fdha haur urh h jfr jfr vh vhrb rbjyb jybk` k` XNQT XNQT shrv shrvbdh bdhs5 s5 g.

Bssuh ?7 (=?=?-?1-?0)

]hphgt m tf d tf dchdi tch gkthkkg dfkkhdtbfks fj gll tch jrhquhkdbhs fj  tch sbth. _fwhr _fwhr fk fk tch tch thst thst XH XH gka gka dchdi dchdi wch wchtch tchrr tch tch thst thst XH XH kas kas tch  tch XNQT khtwfri. Bj...

Qchk...

Qch thst XH jgbls tf ka ka tch  tch XNQT khtwfri.

Dchdi wchtchr tch thst XH nhhts tch prhrhqubsbths.

Qch thst XH kas kas tch  tch XNQT khtwfri.

@f tf m.

Dfpyrb`ct © Cugwhb Qhdckflf`bhs Df., Lta.

8?

 

42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

7 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

  m.

Lfdi Lfdi tch thst thst XH bk bk g lf`bd lf`bdgl gl dhll dhll ukah ukahrr tch tch mgsh mgsh stgtbf stgtbfk. k.

d.

Xsh tch tch thst thst XH tf tf phrjf phrjfrn rn g abglb abglbk` k` thst thst gka gka dchdi dchdi wchtc wchtchr hr tch tch gkthkk gkthkkg g shrvbk` tcbs dhll bs dfkkhdtha dfrrhdtly dfrrhdtly.. Bj...

Qchk...

Qch abglbk` thst suddhhas.

Qch gkthkkg shrvbk` tcbs dhll bs dfkkhdtha dfrrhdtly. @f tf a.

Qch abglbk` thsts jgbl.

Qch gkthkkg shrvbk` tcbs dhll bs dfkkhdtha bkdfrrhdtly. Dchdi gka dfrrhdt tch gkthkkg dfkkhdtbfk.

 

KFQ KF Q

Qf hksurh tch gddurgdy fj tch thst rhsults5 ◆ _hrj _hrjfrn frn tch ab abglbk` glbk` th thst st wbtc wbtcbk bk gk grh grhg g wchrh wchrh tch sb`kgl sb`kgl strhk`tc strhk`tc rgk`hs rgk`hs jrfn jrfn —0? aMn tf —4? aMn. ◆ _h _hrj rjfr frn n nfr nfrh h ttcg cgk k vh vh abglbk`  abglbk` thsts.

◆

a.

Xsh tch tch thst thst XH tf tf shka shka TNT nhssg` nhssg`hs hs gka gka mrfws mrfwsh h whm pg`hs pg`hs tf dchd dchdi i wchtchr pgdiht swbtdcha (_T) shrvbdhs dgk d gk mh prfdhssha dfrrhdtly bk tch dhll.

h.

]hphgt m tf a tf dchdi tch gkthkkgs gka jhhahrs jfr gll ftchr jrhquhkdbhs.

_r _rfd fdha haur urh h jjfr fr vh vhrb rbjyb jybk` k` LQH shrvb shrvbdh dhs5 s5 g.

Qf thst thst tch whm pg`h pg`h mrfwsbk mrfwsbk` ` shrvbdh, shrvbdh, ush ush tc tch h ths thstt XH tf tf vbsbt vbsbt tch PPP shrvhr gka mrfwsh whm pg`hs. _hrjfrn tcbs thst =? = ? tbnhs. Hxphdtha rhsult5 Qch suddhss rgth bs `rhgthr tcgk 28%, gka whm pg`h mrfwsbk` bs kfrngl. kfrngl.

m.

Qf thst tch lh lh uplfga  uplfga shrvbdh, ush tch thst XH tf vbsbt tch JQ_ shrvhr gka uplfga lhs. lhs. _hrjfrn  _hrjfrn tcbs thst 7? tbnhs. Hxphdtha rhsult5 Qch suddhss rgth bs `rhgthr tcgk 2?%, gka tch uplfga rgths grh stgmlh.

d.

Qf thst tch lh lh afwklfga  afwklfga shrvbdh, ush tch thst XH tf vbsbt tch JQ_ shrvhr gka afwklfga lhs. lhs. _hrjfrn  _hrjfrn tcbs thst 7? tbnhs. Hxphdtha rhsult5 Qch suddhss rgth bs `rhgthr tcgk 2?%, gka tch afwklfga rgths grh stgmlh.

a.

Qf ths thstt tch vfbdh fvhr B_ (ZfB_) (ZfB_) shrvbdh, shrvbdh, ush tch tthst hst XH XH tf dgll gkftc gkftchr hr XH. _hrjfrn tcbs thst =? tbnhs. Hxphdtha rhsult5 Qch dgll suddhss rgth bs `rhgthr tcgk 28%, dglls grh kft gmkfrnglly arfppha, gka tchrh bs kft fmvbfus kfbsh.

◆

_r _rfd fdha haur urh h jfr jfr vh vhrb rbjyb jybk` k` K] shrv shrvbdh bdhs5 s5 g.

Qf thst thst tch whm pg`h pg`h mrfwsbk mrfwsbk` ` shrvbdh, shrvbdh, ush ush tc tch h ths thstt XH tf tf vbsbt vbsbt tch PPP shrvhr gka mrfwsh whm pg`hs. _hrjfrn tcbs thst =? = ? tbnhs. Hxphdtha rhsult5 Qch suddhss rgth bs `rhgthr tcgk 28%, gka whm pg`h mrfwsbk` bs kfrngl.

Bssuh ?7 (=?=?-?1-?0)

Dfpyrb`ct © Cugwhb Qhdckflf`bhs Df., Lta.

87

 

42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

7 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

m.

Qf thst tch lh lh uplfga  uplfga shrvbdh, ush tch thst XH tf vbsbt tch JQ_ shrvhr gka uplfga lhs. lhs. _hrjfrn  _hrjfrn tcbs thst 7? tbnhs. Hxphdtha rhsult5 Qch suddhss rgth bs `rhgthr tcgk 2?%, gka tch uplfga rgths grh stgmlh.

d.

Qf thst tch lh lh afwklfga  afwklfga shrvbdh, ush tch thst XH tf vbsbt tch JQ_ shrvhr gka afwklfga lhs. lhs. _hrjfrn  _hrjfrn tcbs thst 7? tbnhs. Hxphdtha rhsult5 Qch suddhss rgth bs `rhgthr tcgk 2?%, gka tch afwklfga rgths grh stgmlh.

----Hka

7.8.7.8 ]hnfth Fphrgtbfks Qcbs shdtbfk ahsdrbmhs rhnfth fphrgtbfks, bkdluabk` tch dfnnbssbfkbk` tgsi nfkbtfrbk`, KH dfnnbssbfkbk` vhrbdgtbfk vhrbdgtbfk rhpfrt  rhpfrt gdqubsbtbfk, dfkrngtbfk dfkrngtbfk gmfut  gmfut wchtchr tch KH dfnnbssbfkbk` bs dfnplhth, shttbk` fj tch ngxbnun futput pfwhr jfr ]J nfaulhs, gka KH stgtus rhstfrgtbfk.

7.8.7.8.7 Nfkbtfrbk` gk KH Dfnnbssbfkbk` Qgsi Gjthr g dfnnbssbfkbk` tgsi bs stgrtha, yfu dgk nfkbtfr bt gka trfumlhscfft jgults mgsha fk tch absplgyha bkjfrngtbfk.

Dfkthxt Jfr ahtgbls gmfut tch ngbk wbkafw fj KH dfnnbssbfkbk` fk tch NGH, shh 7.3.7 Bkthrjgdh Ahsdrbptbfk5 KH Dfnnbssbfkbk` Pbkafw. Pbkafw. Qch Ttgtus Ttgtus gka  gka Durrhkt _cgsh dflunks _cgsh  dflunks absplgy tch stgtus gka pcgsh fj g dfnnbssbfkbk` tgsi, rhsphdtbvhly rhsphdtbvhly..

_rfdhaurh Tthp 7 Dchdi Ttgtu Ttgtuss. Bj Ttgtus Ttgtus bs  bs ]ukkbk` ]ukkbk`,, tch dfnnbssbfkbk` tgsi bs rukkbk`. rukkbk`. Tthp = Dchdi tch Durrhkt _cgsh dflunk _cgsh dflunk tf vbhw tch pcgsh fj tch dfnnbssbfkbk` tgsi. 7.

Bk tch tch gutf gutf absdfvhry absdfvhry pcgsh5 pcgsh5 Hksurh Hksurh tcgt ttch ch mgsh mgsh stgtbfk stgtbfk gutfngtbdgll gutfngtbdglly y shts shts up gk FN dcgkkhl wbtc tch NGH gjthr tch mgsh stgtbfk bbss suddhssjully mfuka. Gjthr tch FN dcgkkhl bs suddhssjully hstgmlbscha, FN dcgkkhl dfkkhdtha bs dfkkhdtha bs absplgyha bk tch Ahsdrbptbfk Ahsdrbptbfk dflunk.  dflunk. Bj tch durrhkt dfnnbssbfkbk` tgsi rhngbks bk tch gutf absdfvhry pcgsh jfr g lfk` phrbfa, tch FN dcgkkhl mhtwhhk tch mgsh stgtbfk gka NGH jgbls tf mh sht up. Bk tcbs dgsh, dchdi d chdi jfr hrrfrs bk tch HTK/ABA mbkabk` dfk`urgtbfks, trgkspfrt khtwfri dfk`urgtbfks, dfk`urgtbfks, gka  gka trgkspfrt khtwfri dfkkhdtbfks bk shquhkdh. Gjthr tch jgults grh rhdtbha, rhdtbha, rb`ct-dlbdi  rb`ct-dlbdi tch dfnnbssbfkbk` tgsi gka dcffsh ]hstgrt ]hstgrt jrfn  jrfn tch scfrtdut nhku tf rhstgrt tcbs dfnnbssbfkbk` tgsi. KFQ KF Q

Bj g dfnnbssbfkbk` tgsi rhngbks bk tch ]ukkbk` ]ukkbk` stgtus  stgtus jfr g lfk` phrbfa, dchdi tch stgth gka ahsdrbptbfk fj ACD_ gka QD_&TTL aurbk` FNDC hstgmlbscnhkt gka phrjfrn trfumlhscfftbk` mgsha fk tch prhdhabk` bkjfrngtbfk.

=.

Bssuh ?7 (=?=?-?1-?0)

Bk tch gutfdfk`urgtbfk gutfdfk`urgtbfk pcgsh5  pcgsh5 Hksurh tcgt tch mgsh stgtbfk gutfngtbdglly afwklfgas tch sfjtwgrh pgdig`hs, agtg dfk`urgtbfk dfk`urgtbfk  lhs, lhs, gka  gka tch dfnnbssbfkbk` lbdhksh (fptbfkgl) jrfn tch NGH, rhstgrts, gka gdtbvgths gdtb vgths tch Dfpyrb`ct © Cugwhb Qhdckflf`bhs Df., Lta.

8=

 

42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

7 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

afwklfgaha lhs. lhs. KTG  KTG shlj-dfk`urgtbfk shlj-dfk`urgtbfk bs  bs fptbfkgl. Bj tcbs sthp bs shlhdtha, tch systhn gutfngtbdglly `hkhrgths gka bssuhs KTG bkdrhnhktgl b kdrhnhktgl dfk`urgtbfks tf dfk`urgtbfks  tf shlhdtha hKfahMs mgsha fk tch plgkkha agtg. Bj tch mgsh stgtbfk hkdfukthrs hxdhptbfks, Gmkfrngl hxdhptbfks,  Gmkfrngl bs  bs absplgyha bk tch Ttgtus dflunk. Ttgtus  dflunk. Bk tcbs dgsh, dchdi tch Ahsdrbptbfk Ahsdrbptbfk dflunk  dflunk tf bahktbjy tch dgushs jfr tch hxdhptbfks, gka tchk rhdtbjy tchn. KFQ KF Q

Bk sfnh sdhkgrbfs, tch sfjtwgrh pgdig`h afwklfga gka gdtbvgtbfk ngy tgih gk ukhxphdthaly lfk` phrbfa auh tf tch pffr trgksnbssbfk dfkabtbfk mhtwhhk tch mgsh stgtbfk gka NGH. Bk tcbs dgsh, ruk NNL dfnngkas tf quhry tch mgsh stgtbfk sfjtwgrh vhrsbfk gka dfk`urgtbfk gka dfk`urgtbfk  gka trfumlhscfft tch jgult. —

Jfr ttc ch @ @M MQT, ru ruk ttc ch AT_ MQTM]A dfnngka. MQTM]A dfnngka.

—

Jfr tch Kfah KfahM/h M/hKfa KfahM/ hM/`Kfa `KfahM/ hM/MQ MQT42 T42??/ ??/MQ MQT82 T82??, ??, ruk tch AT_ M]A gka M]A gka LTQ TFJQPG]H dfnngkas. TFJQPG]H dfnngkas.

Qch mgsh stgtbfk sfjtwgrh dgk mh afwklfgaha fkly fkdh bk fkh dfnnbssbfkbk` tgsi. Qf afwklfga tch mgsh stgtbfk mgsh stgtbfk sfjtwgrh g`gbk, drhgth gkftchr dfnnbssbfkbk` dfnnbssbfkbk` tgsi.

4.

Bk tch tch bkstgll bkstgllgtbfk gtbfk gka ahplfynhkt ahplfynhkt quglbty quglbty thst thst pc pcgsh5 gsh5 Hksurh Hksurh tcgt tch jfllfwbk` sthps grh phrjfrnha bk shquhkdh5 ]J nfaulh nfkbtfrbk`, ngkugl bkthrvhktbfk, gka bkstgllgtbfk gka ahplfynhkt quglbty thst. g.

]J nfaul nfaulh h nfkbtf nfk btfrbk rbk`5 `5 Qc Qch h NGH phrj phrjfrn frns s sdchau sdc haulha lhabkthrvhktbfk dchd dchdis is fk ]J nfaulhs bk tch mgsh stgtbfk tf jgdblbtgth tch ngkugl gka bkstgllgtbfk gka ahplfynhkt quglbty thst. Bj kft gll ]J nfaulhs grh rhgay bk :? nbkuths, tch dfnnbssbfkbk` tgsi stgtus mhdfnhs Gmkfrngl mhdfnhs Gmkfrngl.. Bk tcbs dgsh, ruk NNL dfnngkas tf quhry tch ]J nfaulh stgtus gka trfumlhscfft tch jgult. Gjthr tch jgults grh rhdtbha, rhdtbha, rb`ct-dlbdi  rb`ct-dlbdi tch dfnnbssbfkbk` tgsi gka dcffsh ]hstgrt ]hstgrt jrfn  jrfn tch scfrtdut nhku tf rhstgrt tcbs dfnnbssbfkbk` tgsi. KFQ KF Q

Bk nfst sdhkgrbfs, ]J nfaulhs dgk d gk mh gdtbvgtha wbtcbk :? nbkuths. Bk rgrh dgshs, ]J nfaulhs ngy jgbl tf mh gdtbvgtha wbtcbk :? nbkuths. Jfr hxgnplh, wchk tch mgkawbatc fj tch trgkspfrt khtwfri bs vhry sngll, tch sfjtwgrh sfjt wgrh afwklfga lgsts jfr g lfk` phrbfa fj tbnh. Bk tcbs dgsh, tch dfnnbssbfkbk` mhdfnhs gmkfrngl. Bt bs `ffa prgdtbdh tf dchdi tch mgsh stgtbfk stgtus gka rhstgrt tch dfnnbssbfkbk` tgsi gjthr gll ]J nfaulhs grh gdtbvgtha, gka tchk phrjfrn bkstgllgtbfk gka ahplfynhkt quglbty thst. thst .

1.

m.

Ngkugl Ngkugl bkthrvhk bkthrvhktbfk5 tbfk5 Gjthr tch ]J nfaulh nfaulh nfkbtfr nfkbtfrbk` bk` bs dfnplh dfnplhth, th, tch dfnnbssbfkbk` tgsi fk tch NGH hkthrs tch ngkugl bkthrvhktbfk pcgsh. Rfu khha tf dfkrn dfkrn tcgt  tcgt tch mgsh stgtbfk pgsshs tch ]J nfaulh dchdis gka tchk stgrt tch bkstgllgtbfk gka ahplfynhkt quglbty thst.

d.

Bkstgl Bkstgllgt lgtbfk bfk gka ahplfy ahplfynhk nhktt quglb quglbty ty thst5 thst5 J Jfr fr ahtg ahtgbls bls,, shh 7.8.7.:.= Qhstbk` tch Bkstgllgtbfk gka Ahplfynhkt Wuglbty. Wuglbty .

Ahthdt gka gaeust gaeust D_]B dgmlh dfkkhdtbfks dfkkhdtbfks55 _hrjfrn _hrjfrn tch tch jfllfw jfllfwbk` bk` tcrhh tcrhh sthps bk shquhkdh5 D_]B dgmlh dfkkhdtbfk ahthdtbfk, ngkugl dfkrngtbfk dfkrngtbfk fj  fj tch D_]B dgmlh dfkkhdtbfk prfdhssbk` nfah, gka D_]B dfk`urgtbfk dfk`urgtbfk gaeustnhkt.  gaeustnhkt. Qcbs pcgsh ahphkas fk tch NGH-Ahplfynhkt. Rfu khha tf hksurh tcgt tch fklbkh NGH-Ahplfynhkt bs rukkbk` prfphrly. prfphrly. g.

Bssuh ?7 (=?=?-?1-?0)

Ahthdt D_]B dgmlh dfkkhdtbfks dfkkhdtbfks55 Mgsha Mgsha fk fk tch tch ushr ushr-uplf -uplfgaha gaha HTKs fj ]J ]J nfaulhs (plgkkha agtg), tch dfnnbssbfkbk` tgsi gutfngtbdglly dchdis wchtchr tch D_]B dgmlh dfkkhdtbfks fk tch lbvh khtwfri grh dfksbsthkt wbtc tch plgkkha D_]B dgmlh dfkkhdtbfks. Dfpyrb`ct © Cugwhb Qhdckflf`bhs Df., Lta.

84

 

42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

8.

7 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

m.

Ngkuglly dfkrn dfkrn tch  tch D_]B dgmlh dfkkhdtbfk nfah5 Gjthr tch D_]B dgmlh dfkkhdtbfk dchdi bs pgssha, tch NGH wgbts jfr tch ushr tf dfkrn wchtchr tf ngkuglly gaeust tch D_]B pcysbdgl dfkkhdtbfk fr lht tch NGH gutfngtbdglly gaeust tch dfk`urgtbfk.

d.

Gaeust D_]B dfk`urgtbfks5 dfk`urgtbfks5 Bj  Bj yfu dcffsh tf lht tch systhn gutfngtbdglly gaeust tch dfk`urgtbfks, dfk`urgtbfks, tch  tch dfnnbssbfkbk` tgsi wbll upagth tch D_]B

dfk`urgtbfks mgsha dfk`urgtbfks  mgsha fk tch pcysbdgl dfkkhdtbfks. Tbth vhrbdgtbfk vhrbdgtbfk pcgsh5  pcgsh5 Dchdi tch rukkbk` stgtus fj tch sbth. Jfr ahtgbls, shh 7.8.7.:.4 _hrjfrnbk` Tbth  Zhrbdgtbfk  Zhrbdgtbfk..

----Hka

7.8.7.8.= Fmtgbkbk` gk KH Dfnnbssbfkbk`  Zhrbdgtbf  Zhrbdgtbfk k ]hpfrt Qcbs shdtbfk ahsdrbmhs cfw tf gdqubrh gk KH dfnnbssbfkbk` vhrbdgtbfk vhrbdgtbfk rhpfrt,  rhpfrt, wcbdc khhas tf mh sumnbttha tf tch dustfnhr. dustfnhr.

_rhrhqubsbths ◆

Bkstgl Bkstgllgt lgtbfk bfk gka ahplfy ahplfynhk nhktt qugl quglbty bty thst thst bs bs ddfnp fnplht lhth. h.

◆

Gll Gll gdtb gdtbvh vh g glg lgrn rnss cgvh cgvh mhh mhhk k dlhg dlhgrrha. ha.

_rfdhaurh Tthp 7 Fmtgbk tch KH dfnnbssbfkbk` rhpfrt gddfrabk` tf tch bkstrudtbfks bk 7.3.8 Fmtgbkbk` KH Dfnnbssbfkbk` ]hpfrts. ]hpfrts. Tthp = Hksurh tcgt tch KH cgs pgssha tch bkstgllgtbfk gka ahplfynhkt quglbty thst, tch mgsh stgtbfk bs wfribk` prfphrly, gka tchrh grh kf gdtbvh glgrns. Tthp 4 Tgvh tch KH dfnnbssbfkbk` rhpfrt gka sumnbt bt tf tch dustfnhr gs tch KH dfnnbssbfkbk` gddhptgkdh rhpfrt. ----Hka

7.8.7.8.4 Dfkrnbk` Dfkrnbk` tcgt  tcgt Gutf Ahplfynhkt Qgsis Grh Dfnplhtha Dfkrn tch dfnplhtbfk fj KH dfnnbssbfkbk`. Gjthr tch prfehdt quglbty dchdi fj gk Dfkrn tch KH bs dfnplhth, tch dfnnbssbfkbk` tgsis hkthr tch Pgbtbk` jfr Dfkrngtbfk stgth. Ngkuglly dfkrn dfkrn tcgt  tcgt tch dfnnbssbfkbk` bs dfnplhth.

_rhrhqubsbths KH dfnnbssbfkbk` tgsis grh bk tch Pgbtbk` jfr Dfkrngtbfk Dfkrngtbfk stgth.  stgth.

_rfdhaurh Tthp 7 Fk tch NGH dlbhkt, dcffsh TFK TFK ;  ; Gutf  Gutf Ahplfynhkt tf Ahplfynhkt tf fphk tch Gutf tch Gutf Ahplfynhkt wbkafw. Ahplfynhkt  wbkafw. Tthp = Bk tch dfnnbssbfkbk` dfnnbssbfkbk` tgsi lbst, shlhdt fkh fr nultbplh df dfnnbssbfkbk` nnbssbfkbk` tgsis jfr wcbdc yfu wgkt tf dfkrn dfkrn dfnplhtbfk.  dfnplhtbfk. ]b`ct-dlbdi tch tgsis gka dcffsh Dfkrn Dfnplhtbfk jrfn Dfnplhtbfk  jrfn tch scfrtdut nhku tf dfkrn dfkrn tch  tch dfnplhtbfk. Bssuh ?7 (=?=?-?1-?0)

Dfpyrb`ct © Cugwhb Qhdckflf`bhs Df., Lta.

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7 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

Rfu dgk fphk tch dfnnbssbfkbk` rhpfrt fj g dfnplhtha tgsi tf vbhw tch ahtgbls. Jfr ahtgbls gmfut cfw tf fmtgbk tch dfnnbssbfkbk` rhpfrt, shh 7.3.8 Fmtgbkbk` KH Dfnnbssbfkbk` ]hpfrts. ]hpfrts. ----Hka

7.8.7.8.1 Thttbk` tch Ngxbnun Futput _fwhr jfr ]J Nfaulhs (Fkly Pchk ]hqubrha my tch Lfdgl ]h`ulgtbfk Ahpgrtnhkt) Qcbs shdtbfk ahsdrbmhs cfw tf sht tch ngxbnun futput pfwhr jfr ]J nfaulhs. Rfu dgk sht tch ngxbnun futput pfwhr jfr ]J nfaulhs gddfrabk` tf tch pfwhr rhstrbdtbfks ngah my tch lfdgl rh`ulgtbfk ahpgrtnhkt.

_rhrhqubsbths ◆

]J nfa nfaul ulhs hs cgvh cgvh m mhh hhk k prf prfph phrl rly y dfkk dfkkhd hdth tha. a.

◆

Qch NGH dfnnuk dfnnukbdgt bdgths hs wbtc wbtc tch mgs mgsh h stgtb stgtbfk fk prfph prfphrly rly..

◆

Rfu nust nust lf` lf` bk tf tch NGH gs gk ganbkb ganbkbstr strgtf gtfrr.

Dfkthxt Bk LgnpTbth mgsh stgtbfks, tch ngxbnun trgksnbt pfwhr fj p]]Xs dgkkft mh dfk`urha. Qch ngxbnun futput pfwhr fj ]J nfaulhs bs prfvbaha my dustfnhrs. dfk`urha. Qch Gjthr shttbk` fr rhnfvbk` tch ngxbnun futput pfwhr fj gk ]J nfaulh, rhsht tcbs ]J nfaulh tf vglbagth tch shttbk`s. Bj g mgsh stgtbfk bs dfk`urha dfk`urha wbtc  wbtc nultbplh ]J nfaulhs, yfu nust ruk NNL dfnngkas tf ngkuglly rhsht tchn fkh my fkh. Bj  tch ]J nfaulhs grh dgsdgaha, phrjfrn tch fphrgtbfks jfr tch ]J nfaulhs jrfn tch lfwhst-lhvhl ]J nfaulh tf tch cb`chst-lhvhl ]J nfaulh tf nbkbnbzh tch bnpgdt fk tch shrvbdhs dgrrbha fk tchsh dgsdgaha ]J nfaulhs. Bj tch ngxbnun futput pfwhr rhqubrha my gk ]J nfaulh bs fut fj tch suppfrtha futput pfwhr rgk`h fj tcbs ]J nfaulh, yfu af kft cgvh tf sht tch ngxbnun futput pfwhr jfr tcbs ]J nfaulh. Bj g jukdtbfkgl ]J nfaulh bs tf mh rhturkha tf tch spgrh pgrt bkvhktfry, rhnf rhnfvh vh tch ngxbnun futput pfwhr dfk`urha dfk`urha jfr  jfr tcbs ]J nfaulh. Rfu grh kft rhqubrha tf rhnfvh tch ngxbnun futput pfwhr jfr g jgulty ]J nfaulh. _hrjfrn tch jfllfwbk` sthps tf rhnfvh tch ngxbnun futput pfwhr jfr gk ]J nfaulh5 ◆

@MQT5 ]uk tch LFD MQT]SXQD dfnngka MQT]SXQD dfnngka wbtc Ngxbnun Futput _fwhr fj  tch QS Dcgkkhl sht Dcgkkhl sht tf ? gka rhsht tcbs ]J nfaulh tf vglbagth tch prhvbfus shttbk`s.

◆

KfahM/ KfahM/hKf hKfahM ahM/`K /`Kfah fahM/M M/MQT4 QT42??/ 2??/MQ MQT82 T82??5 ??5 ]uk tch LFD ]]XQD dfnngka ]]XQD dfnngka wbtc Ngxbnun Futput _fwhr Tuppfrt Thttbk` fj tch QS Dcgkkhl sht Dcgkkhl  sht tf ? gka rhsht tcbs ]J nfaulh tf vglbagth tch prhvbfus shttbk`s.

◆

@MQT5

_rfdhaurh g.

Wuhr Wuhry y wch wchtc tchr hr gk ]J nfau nfaulh lh bs dfk`urha dfk`urha wbtc  wbtc tch ngxbnun futput pfwhr. b. ]uk tch AT_ MQTM]A dfnngka MQTM]A dfnngka gka dlbdi Gssbst dlbdi Gssbst..

Bssuh ?7 (=?=?-?1-?0)

Dfpyrb`ct © Cugwhb Qhdckflf`bhs Df., Lta.

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bb.

7 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

Tht Bkjfrngtbfk Qyph tf Qyph tf ]XK_G]G(]ukkbk` _grgnhthr), _grgnhthr), Bkahx Qyph tf Qyph  tf MRBA(My Bkahx) fr Bkahx) fr MRKGNH(My Kgnh), Kgnh), Mfgra Qyph tf Qyph tf ]SX(]SX Mfgra), Mfgra), ]SX Mfgra Bkahx Qyph tf Qyph tf gk gpprfprbgth vgluh, gka dlbdi Hxhd Hxhd..

bbb. Bk tch tch dfnng dfnngka ka futp futput, ut, quhr quhry y tc tch h vgluh vgluhss fj Cgrawgrh Ngxbnun Futput _fwhr fj tch QS Dcgkkhl gka Dcgkkhl gka Ngxbnun Futput _fwhr fj  tch QS Dcgkkhl. Dcgkkhl . Bjpfwhr, gk ]J, tch nfaulh bs kft futput dfk`urha wbtc dfk`urha  wbtc ngxbnun futput pfwhr ngxbnun pfwhr fj tch tch QS dcgkkhl bs tch sgnh gs tch cgrawgrh cgrawgrh ngxbnun futput pfwhr. pfwhr. bv. bv. m.

◆

]h ]hdf dfra ra tc tch h quhr quhrbh bha a rhs rhsul ults ts..

Tht tch ngx ngxbnu bnun n trgks trgksnbt nbt pfwhr pfwhr jfr jfr ] ]J J nfaul nfaulhs. hs. b.

]uk tch LFD MQT]SXQD dfnngka MQT]SXQD dfnngka gka dlbdi Gssbst dlbdi Gssbst..

bb.

Tphdbjy Tphdbjy tch rh rhqub qubrha rha pgrgnh pgrgnhthr thrss gka dlbdi dlbdi Hxhd Hxhd..

d.

]hsht ]hsht tch tch ]J nfaul nfaulh h tf vglba vglbagth gth tch tch prhvb prhvbfus fus shtt shttbk` bk`s5 s5 ]uk ]uk tch ]TQ MQTM]A dfnngka MQTM]A  dfnngka wbtc ]hsht Qyph sht Qyph sht tf TFJQPG]H(Tfjtwgrh ]hsht). ]hsht). Tphdbjy tch rhqubrha pgrgnhthrs gka dlbdi Hxhd Hxhd..

a.

Gjth Gjthrr tc tch h rhs rhsht ht,, rh rhph phgt gt g tf dchdi wchtchr tch shttbk`s tgih hhdt.

Kfah KfahM/ M/hK hKfa fahM hM/` /`Kf Kfah ahM/ M/M MQT42? QT42??/ ?/M MQT82? QT82??5 ?5 g.

]uk tch AT_ ]]X dfnngka ]]X dfnngka tf quhry tch dgmbkht d gmbkht kunmhr, kunmhr, sumrgdi kunmhr, slft kunmhr, gka QS dcgkkhl kunmhr fj gk ]J nfaulh.

m.

]uk tch AT_ QSM]GKDC dfnngka QSM]GKDC dfnngka tf quhry tch vgluh fj Cgrawgrh Ngxbnun Futput _fwhr fj tch QS Dcgkkhl jfr Dcgkkhl jfr tcbs ]J nfaulh mgsha fk tch bkjfrngtbfk fmtgbkha bk sthp g.

d.

]uk tch LFD ]]XQD dfnngka ]]XQD dfnngka tf sht tch ngxbnun futput pfwhr jfr tcbs ]J nfaulh.

a.

]uk tch ]TQ M]A dfnngka M]A dfnngka tf rhsht tch ]J nfaulh. KFQ KF Q

Bj tchrh grh nultbplh ]J nfaulhs, ruk tcbs dfnngka jfr hgdc ]J nfaulh yfu wgkt tf rhsht.

h.

]uk tch AT_ QSM]GKDC dfnngka QSM]GKDC dfnngka tf dchdi wchtchr tch ngxbnun futput pfwhr jfr gll ]J nfaulhs bs suddhssjully sht. sht .

Bj...

Qchk...

Qch dfk`urgtbfk dfk`urgtbfk bs  bs suddhssjul.

Kf jurtchr gd gdtbfk bs bs rhqubrha.

Qch dfk`urgtbfk dfk`urgtbfk j  jg gbls.

Dchdi wchtchr tch ngxbnun futput pfwhr bs fut fj tch suppfrtha futput pfwhr rgk`h. Bj yhs, rhdfk`urh tch rhdfk`urh  tch ngxbnun futput pfwhr. Bj tch dfk`urgtbfk dfk`urgtbfk jgbls  jgbls g`gbk, dfktgdt Cugwhb thdckbdgl suppfrt.

  ----Hka

Bssuh ?7 (=?=?-?1-?0)

Dfpyrb`ct © Cugwhb Qhdckflf`bhs Df., Lta.

8:

 

42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

7 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

7.8.7.8.8 Thttbk` gk KH tf tch KF]NGL Nfah Qcbs shdtbfk ahsdrbmhs cfw tf rhstfrh tch KH ngbkthkgkdh nfah. Gjthr tch KH dfnnbssbfkbk` bs dfnplhth, ngkuglly rhstfrh tch KH tf tch KF]NGL KF]NGL stgth  stgth tf rhsunh kfrngl khtwfri nfkbtfrbk`.

Dfkthxt Jfr ahtgbls gmfut tch KH ngbkthkgkdh nfah, shh Bktrfaudtbfk tf Ngbkthkgkdh Nfah Ngkg`hnhkt.

_rfdhaurh Tthp 7 Gjthr KH dfnnbssbfkbk`, rhstfrh tch KH tf tch KF]NGL KF]NGL stgth  stgth tf rhsunh kfrngl khtwfri nfkbtfrbk`. Jfr ahtgblha fphrgtbfks, shh ]hstfrbk` gk KH tf tch KF]NGL Nfah. ----Hka

7.8.7.: Lfdgl gka ]hnfth Dffrabkgtbfk Qcbs shdtbfk ahsdrbmhs tch fphrgtbfks tcgt rhqubrh dffrabkgtbfk mhtwhhk lfdgl gka rhnfth hk`bkhhrs, bkdluabk` HTK-mgsha mgsh stgtbfk mbkabk`, bkstgllgtbfk gka ahplfynhkt quglbty thst, hkvbrfknhkt glgrn dfnnbssbfkbk`, sbth vhrbdgtbfk, vhrbdgtbfk, gka  gka glgrn cgkalbk`.

7.8.7.:.7 _hrjfrnbk` HTK-mgsha Mgsh Ttgtbfk Mbkabk` (Fkly Pchk tch Mgsh Ttgtbfk Bs tf Mh Mfuka wbtc tch HTK) Bj gk HTK bs usha tf mbka g mgsh stgtbfk, hla hla hk`bkhhrs  hk`bkhhrs rhpfrt tch HTK fj tch mgsh stgtbfk tf hk`bkhhrs gt tch FND, gka hk`bkhhrs gt tch FND mbka tch mgsh stgtbfk mgsha fk tch HTK.

Dfkthxt Gk HTK ukbquhly bahktbhs bahktbhs gk  gk KH. Qch HTK bs gttgdcha tf tch MMX mhjfrh ahlbvhry. ◆

Bssuh ?7 (=?=?-?1-?0)

Bj tchr tchrh h bs kf lgmh lgmhll fk tc tch h jgk nfaulh nfaulh bk bk tc tch h MMX, MMX, tch HTK bs bs prbkth prbktha a fk tch tch nfuktbk` hgr fj tch MMX, gs scfwk bk tch jfllfwbk` `urh. `urh. G  G hla hla hk`bkhhr  hk`bkhhr nust rhdfra tch HTK gka sbth bkjfrngtbfk, gka rhpfrt tch bkjfrngtbfk tf gk hk`bkhhr gt tch FND.

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7 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

Jb`urh 7-=: HTK 7-=: HTK pfsbtbfk (7)

  ◆

Bj tchr tchrh h bs g lgmhl lgmhl fk fk tch tch jgk nfau nfaulh lh bk tch tch mg mgsh sh stgtb stgtbfk, fk, ttch ch HTK HTK bs prbkt prbktha ha fk mftc tch lgmhl gka tch nfuktbk` hgr fj tch MMX, gs scfwk bk tch jfllfwbk` `urh. Qch `urh.  Qch hla hla hk`bkhhr  hk`bkhhr nust rhnfvh tch lgmhl, rhdfra tch sbth bkjfrngtbfk bk tch "Tbth" grhg fk tch lgmhl, gka rhpfrt tch bkjfrngtbfk tf tch hk`bkhhr gt tch FND. Jb`urh 7-=0 HTK 7-=0 HTK pfsbtbfk (=)

◆

Bssuh ?7 (=?=?-?1-?0)

  Qch Qch HTK HTK bs prb prbkt ktha ha fk g lgmh lgmhl. l. Qch Qch jfll jfllfw fwbk bk` ` `urh `urh scfws  scfws tch pfsbtbfk fj tch lgmhl fk g MMX427?G.

Dfpyrb`ct © Cugwhb Qhdckflf`bhs Df., Lta.

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7 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

Jb`urh 7-=3 HTK 7-=3 HTK pfsbtbfk (4)

 

_rfdhaurh Tthp 7 Qch hla hla hk`bkhhr  hk`bkhhr rhpfrts tch sbth pfsbtbfk gka HTK fj hgdc mgsh stgtbfk tf tch hk`bkhhr gt tch FND. Bj tchrh grh nultbplh MMXs bk g mgsh stgtbfk, ka ka tch  tch mgsh stgtbfk tcgt cfushs tch ngbk dfktrfl mfgra fj tch KH tf mh ahplfyha gddfrabk` tf tch ahvbdh pgkhl argwbk`, rhdfra tch HTK fj tcbs MMX, gka rhpfrt bt tf tch hk`bkhhr gt tch FND. Tthp = Qch hk`bkhhr gt tch FND phrjfrns tch jfllfwbk` tgsis5 7.

Fk tc tch h NGH NGH dlb dlbhk hkt, t, dcff dcffsh sh TFK TFK ;  ; Gutf  Gutf Ahplfynhkt tf Ahplfynhkt tf fphk tch Gutf tch Gutf Ahplfynhkt wbkafw. Ahplfynhkt  wbkafw.

=.

Thlhdt tch dfnnbs dfnnbssbfkb sbfkbk` k` tgsi tgsi fk fk tch tch ahplfynhk ahplfynhktt lbst lbst gk gka a afumlh-dl afumlh-dlbdi bdi tch tch HTK dhll HTK  dhll tf dcgk`h tch vgluh tf tch HTK rhpfrtha my tch hla hla hk`bkhhr.  hk`bkhhr. KFQ KF Q

Bj tch mgsh stgtbfk cgs pgssha tch pfwhr-fk dchdi, yfu dgk glsf dcgk`h tch HTK bk tch jfllfwbk` wgy5 7. Afuml Afumlh-d h-dlb lbdi di tc tch h HTK HTK  dhll, gka dlbdi bs absplgyha.

khxt tf tch dhll. Qch Mlbkabk` HTK abglf` HTK abglf` mfx

=. Thl Thlhdt hdt ttch ch HTK HTK rhpfr rhpfrtha tha my my tch hla hla hk`bkhhr  hk`bkhhr jfr mbkabk`, gka dlbdi FI FI..

----Hka

7.8.7.:.= Qhstbk` tch Bkstgllgtbfk gka Ahplfynhkt Wuglbty Qcbs shdtbfk ahsdrbmhs cfw tf thst tch bkstgllgtbfk gka ahplfynhkt quglbty tf ka tcrhh ngefr prfmlhns fj tch gkthkkg systhn5 gmkfrngl ZTP], drfssha pgbr dfkkhdtbfks, gka bkthrnfaulgtbfk bkthrjhrhkdh. Qcbs thstbk` prfdhaurh bs fptbfkgl. Bj bt bs shlhdtha wchk tch pgrgnhthrs jfr stgrtbk` gk KH dfnnbssbfkbk` tgsi grh sht, tch NGH gutfngtbdglly stgrts tf thst tch quglbty gka bkdluahs tch thst rhsults bk tch KH dfnnbssbfkbk` rhpfrt.

Bssuh ?7 (=?=?-?1-?0)

Dfpyrb`ct © Cugwhb Qhdckflf`bhs Df., Lta.

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7 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

_rhrhqubsbths ◆

Qch Bkstgllgtbfk gka ahplfynhkt quglbty thst bthn thst bthn bs shlhdtha wchk tch NGH stgrts tch dfnnbssbfkbk` tgsi.

◆

Qch Qch dfn dfnnb nbss ssbf bfkb kbk` k` tgsi tgsi cgs cgs h hkt kthr hrha ha tc tch h Bkthrvhkh Bkthrvhkh pcgsh.  pcgsh.

◆

Qch dhll dhll tf mh mh thstha thstha bs fphr fphrgtb gtbfkg fkgl, l, gka gka hvhry hvhry dgrrbh dgrrbhrr gka dcgkk dcgkkhl hl grh grh wfribk wfribk` ` prfphrly.

Dfkthxt LgnpTbth mgsh stgtbfks af kft suppfrt bkstgllgtbfk gka ahplfynhkt quglbty thsts. Qch NGH stgrts ]J nfaulh stgtus nfkbtfrbk` mhjfrh phrjfrnbk` phrjfrnbk` tch Bkstgllgtbfk gka ahplfynhkt quglbty thst prfdhaurh thst prfdhaurh gka absplgys g nhssg`h fk tch @XB. Bj  tch ]J nfaulh bs gvgblgmlh, bt stgrts tf thst tch bkstgllgtbfk gka ahplfynhkt quglbty. Bj tch mgsh stgtbfk afhs kft nhht gky fj tch rhqubrhnhkts jfr tch ZTP] thst, drfssha pgbr ahthdtbfk, fr gkthkkg bkthrnfaulgtbfk ahthdtbfk, tch bkstgllgtbfk gka ahplfynhkt quglbty thstbk` dgkkft mh dfkaudtha fk tch NGH. Bk tcbs sbtugtbfk, ruk tch NNL dfnngkas tf ngkuglly phrjfrn tch thsts tcgt dgk mh dfkaudtha fk tch mgsh stgtbfk. Jfr ahtgbls gmfut tch ZTP] thst, drfssha pgbr ahthdtbfk, gka gkthkkg bkthrnfaulgtbfk ahthdtbfk, shh 7.3.3 ZTP] Qhst Qhst,, 7.3.2 Ahthdtbk` Drfssha _gbrs, _gbrs, Bkthrjhrhkdh,, rhsphdtbvhly. Bj thsts tcgt gka 7.3.7? Ahthdtbk` Bkthrnfaulgtbfk Bkthrjhrhkdh dgkkft mh dfkaudtha fk tch mgsh stgtbfk grh phrjfrnha fk tch NGH, tchsh thsts wbll jgbl. Bj tch gutcfrbzha afwklbki jrhquhkdy mgka cgs mhhk sphdbha, sphdbha, tch  tch mgsh stgtbfk dcffshs g jrhquhkdy jrfn tch bkthrshdtbfk fj tcbs gutcfrbzha afwklbki jrhquhkdy mgka gka tch jrhquhkdy mgka suppfrtha my tch ]J nfaulh tf phrjfrn tch thst. Qch GAA Qch  GAA GXQCALJ]HW]GK@H dfnngka GXQCALJ]HW]GK@H dfnngka dgk mh usha tf gaa tch gutcfrbzha afwklbki jrhquhkdy mgka. Bj tch gutcfrbzha afwklbki jrhquhkdy mgka cgs kft mhhk sphdbha, tch sphdbha,  tch mgsh stgtbfk dcffshs d cffshs g jrhquhkdy tf phrjfrn tch thst mgsha fk tch ]J nfaulh dgpgmblbty. Cfwhvhr, Cfwhvhr, tch mgsh stgtbfk ngy shka sb`kgls fut fj tch gutcfrbzha afwklbki jrhquhkdy mgka fj tch fphrgtfr. fphrgtfr.

Bssuh ?7 (=?=?-?1-?0)

Dfpyrb`ct © Cugwhb Qhdckflf`bhs Df., Lta.

:?

 

42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

7 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

KFQ KF Q

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Lgnp LgnpTb Tbth th mg mgsh sh stgt stgtbf bfks ks dg dgkk kkft ft mh dfk`urha dfk`urha wbtc  wbtc gutcfrbzha afwklbki jrhquhkdy mgkas fj  p]]Xs.

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Bj tch jrhq jrhquhkdy uhkdy rgk`h rgk`h suppfrtha suppfrtha my tc tch h ]J nfaulh nfaulh bs `rhgthr `rhgthr tcgk tcgk ttcgt cgt suppfrt suppfrtha ha my tch gkthkkg systhn dfnpfkhkts (sudc gs tch gkthkkg, jhhahr, eunphr eunphr,, dfnmbkhr-abvbahr, lthr, QNG, gka _FB), yfu grh gavbsha tf dfk`urh dfk`urh tch  tch gutcfrbzha jrhquhkdy mgka mhjfrh phrjfrnbk` tch bkstgllgtbfk gka ahplfynhkt quglbty thst. Ftchrwbsh, sfnh ngbkthkgkdh gka thst jukdtbfks (sudc gs ZTP] thst, drfssha pgbr dfkkhdtbfk ahthdtbfk, gka bkthrnfaulgtbfk bkthrjhrhkdh ahthdtbfk) ngy mh gmkfrngl, gka jglsh ZTP] glgrns ngy mh rhpfrtha.

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Bj tch jrhq jrhquhkdy uhkdy rgk`h rgk`h suppfrtha suppfrtha my tc tch h ]J nfaulh nfaulh bs `rhgthr `rhgthr tcgk tcgk ttcgt cgt suppfrt suppfrtha ha my tch gkthkkg systhn dfnpfkhkts, tch gutcfrbzha jrhquhkdy mgkas grh tch bkthrshdtbfk fj f j tch jrhquhkdy rgk`h suppfrtha my tch ]J nfaulh, tch jrhquhkdy mgka gutcfrbzha my tch fphrgtfr,, gka tch jrhquhkdy rgk`h suppfrtha my tch gkthkkg systhn dfnpfkhkts. Jfr fphrgtfr hxgnplh, bj tch jrhquhkdy rgk`h suppfrtha my tch ]J nfaulh bs =12: NCz tf =:2? NCz, tch jrhquhkdy rgk`h suppfrtha my tch gkthkkg systhn dfnpfkhkts bs =8?? NCz tf =88? NCz, gka tch jrhquhkdy mgka gutcfrbzha my tch fphrgtfr bs =87? NCz tf =8:? NCz, tch gutcfrbzha jrhquhkdy mgka scfula mh =87? NCz tf =88? NCz. Qch bkthrshdtbfk nust mh `rhgthr tcgk fr hqugl tf 8 NCz. Pchk tch bkthrshdtbfk bs lhss tcgk 8 NCz, sfnh ]J nfaulhs af kft suppfrt tch ZTP] thst.

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Bj tch jjrh rhquh quhkdy kdy rgk` rgk`h h suppfr suppfrtha tha my my tch ]J ]J nfaulh nfaulh bs kft kft `rhgt `rhgthr hr tc tcgk gk tcgt tcgt su suppfr ppfrtha tha m my y tch gkthkkg systhn dfnpfkhkts, dfk`urh dfk`urh tch  tch gutcfrbzha jrhquhkdy mgka mgsha fk tch afwklbki gutcfrbzha jrhquhkdy mgka fj tch fphrgtfr fp hrgtfr.. Bj tch fphrgtfr afhs kft cgvh rhqubrhnhkts jfr tch gutcfrbzha afwklbki jrhquhkdy mgka, sht tch gutcfrbzha jrhquhkdy mgka tf tch jrhquhkdy mgka rgk`h suppfrtha my tch ]J nfaulh.

Bj tch jrhquhkdy rgk`h suppfrtha my tch ]J nfaulh bs b s `rhgthr tcgk tcgt suppfrtha my tch gkthkkg systhn dfnpfkhkts (sudc gs tch gkthkkg, jhhahr, jhhahr, eunphr, dfnmbkhr-abvbahr, dfnmbkhr-ab vbahr, lthr, lthr, QNG,  QNG, gka _FB) _FB) gka gka tch gutcfrbzha jrhquhkdy mgka bs kft dfk`urha gs dfk`urha  gs rhqubrha, tch bkstgllgtbfk gka ahplfynhkt quglbty thst thst rhsult fj tch gutfngtbd ahplfynhkt jukdtbfk fk tch NGH bs ukrhlbgmlh gka bs kft rhdfnnhkaha. Bk tcbs sdhkgrbf, yfu grh gavbsha tf ngkuglly ruk NNL dfnngkas tf dchdi tch hk`bkhhrbk` quglbty fj tch ZTP] thst, drfssha pgbr dfkkhdtbfk thst, gka bkthrnfaulgtbfk bkthrjhrhkdh thst. Jfr ahtgbls, shh 7.3.3 ZTP] Qhst, Qhst, 7.3.2 Ahthdtbk` Drfssha _gbrs, _gbrs, gka 7.3.7? Ahthdtbk` Bkthrnfaulgtbfk Bkthrjhrhkdh Bkthrjhrhkdh.. Bk tch NNL dfnngkas, sht tch stgrt gka hka jrhquhkdbhs mgsha fk tch pgssmgka shttbk`s fj tch hxthrkgl lthrs. lthrs. ZTP]  ZTP] thsts gka bkthrnfaulgtbfk bkthrjhrhkdh thsts dgk glsf mh phrjfrnha my usbk` tch NGH ngbkthkgkdh jukdtbfk. Jfr ahtgbls, shh ]GK Ngbkthkgkdh bk Ngbkthkgkdh bk NGH _rfaudt Afdunhktgtbfk .

Bssuh ?7 (=?=?-?1-?0)

Dfpyrb`ct © Cugwhb Qhdckflf`bhs Df., Lta.

:7

 

42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

KFQB KF QB

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7 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

H

Pchk Pchk tch ]J ]J nfaulh nfaulh bkstg bkstgllg llgtbfk tbfk g gka ka ahplf ahplfynh ynhkt kt qu quglb glbty ty thst thst bs phr phrjf jfrnh rnha a fk fkh nfah, shrvbdhs fj gll nfahs dgrrbha fk tcbs nultbnfah ]J nfaulh wbll mh bkthrruptha. Bk tcbs dgsh, tch hk`bkhhrbk` quglbty dchdi stgrtha my gkftchr nfah fj tch ]J nfaulh wbll jgbl. Qchrhjfrh, af kft phrjfrn tch hk`bkhhrbk` quglbty dchdi fk nultbplh nfahs sbnultgkhfusly. sbnultgkhfusly. Pchk Pchk tch ]J ]J nfaulh nfaulh bkstg bkstgllg llgtbfk tbfk g gka ka ahplf ahplfynh ynhkt kt qu quglb glbty ty thst thst bs phr phrjf jfrnh rnha, a, KH dfk`urgtbfk dfk`urgtbfk agtg  agtg dgkkft mh nfabha. nfabha. Ftchrwbsh,  Ftchrwbsh, tch thst jgbls fr tch thst rhsults grh bkdfrrhdt. Gnfk` Gnfk` LQH LQH QAA QAA ]J nfaul nfaulhs, hs, fkly fkly tch tch ]]X4= ]]X4=03s 03s gka gka ]]X4=0 ]]X4=02s 2s ssupp ssuppfrt frt bkthrnfaulgtbfk bkthrjhrhkdh ahthdtbfk. Jfr nfaulhs tcgt af kft suppfrt drfssha pgbr ahthdtbfk fr bkthrnfaulgtbfk bkthrjhrhkdh ahthdtbfk, aurbk` tch bkstgllgtbfk gka ahplfynhkt quglbty dchdi, tch NGH sibps tchsh dchdi bthns. Qch sibppha bkjfrngtbfk bs kft bkdluaha bk tch ahplfynhkt rhpfrt. Ftchr ]J nfaulhs ngy kft suppfrt fkh fr nfrh jukdtbfks bk tch bkstgllgtbfk gka ahplfynhkt quglbty dchdi. Jfr tchsh nfaulhs, aurbk` tch bkstgllgtbfk gka ahplfynhkt quglbty dchdi, tch NGH sibps tchsh dchdi bthns. Qch sibppha bkjfrngtbfk bs lbstha bk tch ahplfynhkt rhpfrt.

_rfdhaurh Tthp 7 Gk hk`bkhhr gt tch FND dfkrns dfkrns tcgt  tcgt tch hk`bkhhrs fksbth cgvh hkthrha g sgjh grhg wbtcfut rgabgtbfk. Tthp = Qch hk`bkhhr gt tch FND ruks NNL dfnngkas tf ukmlfdi gll dhlls shrvha my khwly ahplfyha KHs. ◆

Jf Jfrr @TN @TN h@M h@MQT dhll dhlls, s, ru ruk k tch tch NNL NNL dfnn dfnngk gka a XML @LFDHLL. @LFDHLL.

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Jf Jfrr @TN @TN @MQT @MQT dhll dhlls, s, ru ruk k tch tch NNL NNL dfn dfnng ngka ka THQ @DHLLGANTQGQ. @DHLLGANTQGQ.

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Jfr Jfr XNQ XNQT T dhl dhlls ls,, rruk uk tc tch h NNL NNL dfn dfnng ngka ka XML XLFDHLL. XLFDHLL.

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Jf Jfrr LQH LQH dhlls dhlls,, rruk uk tc tch h NNL NNL dfnn dfnngk gka a XML DHLL. DHLL.

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Jfr Jfr K] K] dhl dhlls ls,, rruk uk tc tch h NNL NNL dfnn dfnngk gka a XML K]AXDHLL. K]AXDHLL.

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Jfr Jfr ]J ]JG dhll dhlls, s, rruk uk tc tch h NNL NNL dfnn dfnngk gka a XML ]JGLFDHLL. ]JGLFDHLL.

Tthp 4 Fk tch NGH dlbhkt, tch hk`bkhhr gt tch FND dcffshs TFK TFK ;  ; Gutf  Gutf Ahplfynhkt tf Ahplfynhkt tf fphk tch Gutf tch Gutf Ahplfynhkt wbkafw. Ahplfynhkt wbkafw. Tthp 1 Qch hk`bkhhr gt tch FND rb`ct-dlbdis tch bthn tf mh ngkuglly dfkrnha, dfkrnha, dcffshs  dcffshs Ngkugl dfkrn dfkrn jrfn  jrfn tch scfrtdut nhku, gka dlbdis FI FI.. Tthp 8 Qch NGH dchdis jfr gmkfrngl ZTP], drfssha pgbr dfkkhdtbfks, gka bkthrnfaulgtbfk bkthrjhrhkdh. KFQ KF Q

Qch thst tgihs gmfut 4? nbkuths.

Tthp : Gjthr tch NGH dfnplhths tch thsts, tch hk`bkhhr gt tch FND dchdis tch stgtus fj  tch dfnnbssbfkbk` tgsi. Bj tch stgtus bs Pgbtbk` jfr dfkrngtbfk dfkrngtbfk,, tch mgsh stgtbfk cgs pgssha tch thst. Bj tch stgtus bs Gmkfrngl bs Gmkfrngl,, tch hk`bkhhr gt tch FND dchdis tch dfnnbssbfkbk` rhpfrt tf bahktbjy bahktbj y prfmlhn ]J pfrts gka dfktgdts tch hk`bkhhr fksbth jfr trfumlhscfftbk`. Bssuh ?7 (=?=?-?1-?0)

Dfpyrb`ct © Cugwhb Qhdckflf`bhs Df., Lta.

:=

 

42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

7 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

Tthp 0 Qch hk`bkhhr fksbth dchdis tch ]J pfrts gka rhdtbhs rhdtbhs tch  tch prfmlhns. Gjthr trfumlhscfftbk` tch jgults, tch hk`bkhhr fksbth bkstrudts tch hk`bkhhr gt tch FND tf rhsunh tch dfnnbssbfkbk` tgsi. Tthp 3 Qch hk`bkhhr gt tch FND rhsunhs tch dfnnbssbfkbk` tgsi. tgsi . Gjthr tch dfnnbssbfkbk` tgsi bs dfnplhtha, tch hk`bkhhr gt tch FND phrjfrns Tthp : :.. Bj mgsh stgtbfk afhs kft pgss bkstgllgtbfk ahplfynhkt quglbty thst auh tftch ukquglbha sbth ukquglbha  sbth dfkabtbfks, tchtch hk`bkhhr gt tchgka FND nust ahshlhdt Qhst bkstgllgtbfk & ahplfynhkt quglbty wchk quglbty wchk dfktbkubk` wbtc tch dfnnbssbfkbk` tgsi. ----Hka

7.8.7.:.4 _hrjfrnbk` Tbth  Zhrbdgtb  Zhrbdgtbfk fk Tbth vhrbdgtbfk vhrbdgtbfk bs  bs usha tf dchdi wchtchr tch mgsh stgtbfk stgtus bs kfrngl aurbk` sbth ahplfynhkt. Qch dchdi bthns bkdluah tch sfjtwgrh gka cgrawgrh rukkbk` stgtus, fptbdgl pfwhr, pfwhr, mfgra stgtus, @_T, dlfdi, glgrn, mgr dfah bkjfrngtbfk, vhrsbfk bkjfrngtbfk, T7 bkthrjgdh stgtus, lbdhksh stgtus, gka dhll rukkbk` stgtus. Tbth vhrbdgtbfk bs vhrbdgtbfk  bs fptbfkgl. Bj yfu shlhdt tcbs jukdtbfk wchk stgrtbk` gk KH dfnnbssbfkbk` tgsi, tch NGH gutfngtbdglly stgrts sbth vhrbdgtbfk vhrbdgtbfk gka  gka absplgys tch vhrbdgtbfk rhsult vhrbdgtbfk  rhsult bk tch KH dfnnbssbfkbk` rhpfrt.

_rhrhqubsbths Tbth  Zhrbdgtbfk  Zhrbdgtbfk cgs  cgs mhhk shlhdtha wchk yfu stgrt tch dfnnbssbfkbk` tgsi fk tch NGH.

Dfkthxt Qch rhsults fj tch sbth vhrbdgtbfk vhrbdgtbfk dchdi  dchdi bthns grh rhdfraha bk tch sbth vhrbdgtbfk rhpfrt gka bkdluaha bk tch dfnnbssbfkbk` rhpfrt.

KFQB KF QB

H

Af kft nfabjy KH dfk`urgtbfks dfk`urgtbfks bk  bk tch sbth vhrbdgtbfk vhrbdgtbfk pcgsh.  pcgsh. Ftchrwbsh, sbth vhrbdgtbfk ngy vhrbdgtbfk  ngy jgbl fr tch rhsults ngy mh bkdfrrhdt.

_rfdhaurh Tthp 7 Pchk tch NGH hkthrs tch sbth vhrbdgtbfk vhrbdgtbfk pcgsh,  pcgsh, bt gutfngtbdglly hxhduths tch dchdi bthns gka kftbhs kftbhs ushrs  ushrs fj tch dchdi d chdi rhsults. Qgmlh 7-: Tbth 7-: Tbth vhrbdgtbfk vhrbdgtbfk dchdi  dchdi bthns Tbth  Zhrbdgtbfk  Zhrbdgtbfk D  Dc chdi Bthn

Gdtbfk

Mgsh Ttgtbfk Ttgtus Dchdi

Qf quhry tch fphrgtbk` stgtus fj tch mgsh stgtbfk sfjtwgrh gka tch ]J dcgkkhl stgtus

Bssuh ?7 (=?=?-?1-?0)

Dfpyrb`ct © Cugwhb Qhdckflf`bhs Df., Lta.

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42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

7 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

Tbth  Zhrbdgtbfk  Zhrbdgtbfk D  Dc chdi Bthn

Gdtbfk

Fptbdgl _fwhr Dchdi

Qf quhry tch aykgnbd bkjfrngtbfk gmfut fptbdgl nfaulhs fj gll mfgras bk tch mgsh stgtbfk

Mfgra Ttgtus Dchdi

Qf quhry tch mfgra stgtus

@_T Dchdi

Qf quhry tch @_T stgtus

Dlfdi Ttgtus Dchdi

Qf quhry tch dlfdi stgtus

Gdtbvh Glgrn Dchdi

Qf quhry gdtbvh glgrns fj tch mgsh stgtbfk

Mgr Dfah Tdgk

Qf dfllhdt tch mgr dfahs fj mgsh stgtbfk cgrawgrh, jfr hxgnplh, tch GLA ahvbdhs

Zhrsbfk

Qf quhry tch sfjtwgrh vhrsbfk

@TN Dhll Ttgth Dchdi

Qf quhry tch rukkbk` stgtus fj tch @TN dhll

XNQT Dhll Ttgth Dchdi

Qf quhry tch rukkbk` stgtus fj tch XNQT dhll

LQH Dhll Ttgth Dchdi

Qf quhry tch rukkbk` stgtus fj tch LQH dhll

LQH T7 _frt Ttgth Dchdi

Qf quhry tch LQH T7 bkthrjgdh stgtus

LQH Lbdhksh Ttgth Dchdi

Qf quhry tch LQH lbdhksh stgtus

K] Dhll Ttgth Dchdi

Qf quhry tch rukkbk` stgtus fj tch K] dhll

K] Lbdhksh Ttgth Dchdi

Qf quhry tch K] lbdhksh stgtus

K] S= Ttgth Dchdi

Qf quhry tch K] S= bkthrjgdh stgtus

K] K@ Bkthrjgdh Ttgth Dchdi

Qf quhry tch K] K@ bkthrjgdh stgtus

 

KFQ KF Q

Qch sbth vhrbdgtbfk vhrbdgtbfk prfdhss  prfdhss tgihs lhss tcgk fr hqugl tf 4? nbkuths. Bk gaabtbfk, tch sbth vhrbdgtbfk rhsults vhrbdgtbfk  rhsults af kft ghdt ghdt tch  tch kgl kgl ahplfynhkt  ahplfynhkt rhsults.

----Hka

7.8.7.:.1 Cgkalbk` Glgrns Qcbs shdtbfk ahsdrbmhs cfw tf cgkalh gdtbvh glgrns `hkhrgtha my g khwly ahplfyha KH. Gll tch gdtbvh glgrns nust mh dlhgrha aurbk` tch dfnnbssbfkbk`.

Bssuh ?7 (=?=?-?1-?0)

Dfpyrb`ct © Cugwhb Qhdckflf`bhs Df., Lta.

:1

 

42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

7 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

_rhrhqubsbths Bkstgllgtbfk gka ahplfynhkt quglbty thst bs dfnplhth.

_rfdhaurh Tthp 7 Gk hk`bkhhr gt tch FND . Fk tch dlbhkt, vbhw tch gdtbvh glgrns. Fphk tch Durrhkt  Glgrns tgm  Glgrns  tgm pg`h. Qch Jblthr Jblthr abglf`  abglf` mfx bs absplgyha. Tthp = Bk tch Jblthr Jblthr abglf`  abglf` mfx, dlbdi tch Glgrn tch Glgrn Tfurdh tgm Tfurdh tgm pg`h gka shlhdt Dustfn Dustfn.. Qchk, dcffsh Gaa dcffsh Gaa ;  ; KH KH gt  gt tch mfttfn fj tcbs tgm pg`h. Qch KH KH abglf`  abglf` mfx bs absplgyha. Tthp 4 Bk tch Gvgblgmlh tch Gvgblgmlh Fmehdts grhg Fmehdts grhg fk tch lhjt, shlhdt KHs tcgt grh mhbk` dfnnbssbfkha bk tch kgvb`gtbfk trhh. Bj tch KH suppfrts @TN fr XNQT, yfu glsf khha tf shlhdt tch dfrrhspfkabk` mgsh stgtbfk dfktrfllhr. dfktrfllhr. Dlbdi tf gaa gll tch shlhdtha fmehdts tf tch Thlhdtha Fmehdts grhg Fmehdts grhg fk tch rb`ct. Qchk, dlbdi FI tf FI tf rhturk tf tch Jblthr abglf` Jblthr  abglf` mfx. Tthp 1 Bk tch Jblthr Jblthr abglf`  abglf` mfx, dlbdi FI FI tf  tf rhturk tf tch Durrhkt Glgrns tgm Glgrns tgm pg`h. Gll glgrns rhpfrtha my tch shlhdtha KHs grh absplgyha bk b k tch Durrhkt Glgrn wbkafw. Glgrn wbkafw. Tthp 8 Dchdi wchtchr tch glgrns absplgyha fk tch Mrfwsh Durrhkt Glgrns tgm Glgrns tgm pg`h grh rhlgtha tf tch khwly ahplfyha KH. Bj yhs, cgkalh tch glgrns. Jfr ahtgbls gmfut cfw tf cgkalh tch glgrns, shh tch glgrn rhjhrhkdh. Tthp : Gk hk`bkhhr gt tch FND fmtgbks tch KH dfnnbssbfkbk` rhpfrt gddfrabk` tf tch bkstrudtbfks bk 7.3.8 Fmtgbkbk` KH Dfnnbssbfkbk` ]hpfrts. ]hpfrts. Tthp 0 Qch hk`bkhhr dchdis wchtchr tch dfnnbssbfkbk` rhpfrt dfktgbks gky gdtbvh glgrns. Bj gdtbvh glgrns hxbst, cgkalh tch glgrns gs bkstrudtha bk Glgrn ]hjhrhkdh  gka dfktgdt hla hla hk`bkhhrs  hk`bkhhrs jfr glgrn cgkalbk` bj khdhssgry.

KFQB KF QB

H

Bj tch GLN bkabdgtfr fk g mfgra bs sthgay fk gka tch ]XK bkabdgtfr bs fk jfr ?.7=8s gka f  jfr  jfr ?.7=8s, af kft rhplgdh tch mfgra. Qcbs bs mhdgush tch mfgra bs lfgabk` tch sfjtwgrh pgdig`h fr agtg dfk`urgtbfk dfk`urgtbfk  lhs. lhs. Pchk  Pchk tch ]XK bkabdgtfr bs kft mlbkibk` jgst, dchdi wchtchr tch GLN bkabdgtfr bs sthgay fk. Bj yhs, rhplgdh tch mfgra. ----Hka

7.8.7.:.8 Dchdibk` Hkvbrfknhktgl Glgrn Thttbk`s Qcbs shdtbfk prfvbahs `ubahlbkhs tf chlp hk`bkhhrs gt tch rhnfth FN dhkthr (FND) mbka ushr-ahkha ushr-ahkha glgrns  glgrns tf tch mgsh stgtbfk gka tf chlp hk`bkhhrs fk sbth dchdi tch dfk`urgtbfk dfk`urgtbfk fj  fj tch hkvbrfknhkt nfkbtfrbk` hqubpnhkt wbtc tch gssbstgkdh fj  hk`bkhhrs gt tch FND.

_rhrhqubsbths

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Bssuh ?7 (=?=?-?1-?0)

Qch hkvbr hkvbrfkn fknhkt hktgl gl glgrn glgrn pgrgnh pgrgnhthr thrss cgvh cgvh mhhk mhhk ssht. ht. Dfpyrb`ct © Cugwhb Qhdckflf`bhs Df., Lta.

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42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

7 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

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Qch dfnn dfnnukb ukbdgt dgtbfk bfk m mhtw htwhhk hhk tch mgs mgsh h stgtbf stgtbfk k gka gka tch tch NGH bs kfrn kfrngl. gl.

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Qch Qch hkvb hkvbrf rfkn knhk hktt nfkbt nfkbtfr frbk bk` ` hqub hqubpn pnhk hktt cgs cgs mhhk mhhk dfk`urha.

◆

Qch augl augl bk-lbk bk-lbkh h pgdi pgdig`h g`h (AB_) (AB_) swbt swbtdch dchss cgvh cgvh mhhk mhhk sht jfr jfr tch tch hkvbr hkvbrfkn fknhkt hkt nfkbtfrbk` hqubpnhkt. Jfr ahtgbls gmfut tch AB_ swbtdchs fk tch hkvbrfknhkt nfkbtfrbk` hqubpnhkt, shh tch dfrrhspfkabk` cgrawgrh ahsdrbptbfk fr ushr `ubah.

_rfdhaurh Tthp 7 Mbka hkvbrfknhktgl glgrns tf gk KH. 7.

Dcffsh Nfkbtfr Nfkbtfr ;  ; Glgrns  Glgrns ;  ; KH Glgrn Thttbk`s jrfn Thttbk`s jrfn tch ngbk nhku.

=.

Dlbdi tch Xshr-Ahkha Xshr-Ahkha Glgrn  Glgrn tgm  tgm gka tchk tch Glgrn tch Glgrn Mbkabk` tgm. Mbkabk` tgm. Bj...

Qchk...

Bj yfu grh mbkabk` g sbk`lh glgrn,

7. Dlbdi Habt Habt,, gka dcffsh Gaa dcffsh Gaa jrfn  jrfn tch scfrtdut nhku. Qch Gaa Qch Gaa Glgrn Mbkabk` bs Mbkabk` bs absplgyha. =. Bk tch KH KH kgvb`gtbfk  kgvb`gtbfk trhh, dlbdi tch KH typh. Glthrkgtbvhly, hkthr tch KH typh bk tch Thgrdc mfx. 4. Bk tch Thlhdt Glgrn kgvb`gtbfk Glgrn kgvb`gtbfk trhh, shlhdt gk glgrn. Glthrkgtbvhly, hkthr tch glgrn kgnh bk tch Thgrdc mfx. Thgrdc  mfx. 1. Thlhdt tch glgrn glgrn fr hvhkt BA mgsha mgsha fk tch tch KH typh gka sht mbkabk` pgrgnhthrs gs plgkkha, bkdluabk` tch pfrt typhg, dgmbkht kunmhr, sumrgdi kunmhr, slft kunmhr, glgrn vfltg`h, glgrn upphr lbnbt, gka glgrn lfwhr lbnbt. 8. Dlbdi FI FI.. Qch KH Glgrn Thttbk`s abglf` Thttbk`s abglf` mfx scfws tch khw mbkabk` rhdfra.

Bj yfu grh mbkabk` nultbplh glgrns,

7. Dlbdi Bnpfrt/Hxpfrt Bnpfrt/Hxpfrt,, gka dcffsh Hxpfrt Qhnplgth jrfn Qhnplgth  jrfn tch scfrtdut nhku. Qch Hxpfrt  Glgrn Mbkabk` Qhnplgth Qhnplgth abglf`  abglf` mfx bs absplgyha. Glthrkgtbvhly, Bnpfrt/Hxpfrt, Bnpfrt/Hxpfrt , gka dcffsh Hxpfrt Hxpfrt jrfn  jrfn tch dlbdi scfrtdut nhku tf hxpfrt tch rhdfras fk tch Glgrn tch Glgrn Mbkabk`m pg`h mgsha fk tch KH typh. =. Bk tch Hxpfrt Glgrn Mbkabk` Qhnplgth abglf` hnplgth abglf` mfx, shlhdt gk KH typh gka sphdbjy tch sgvh pgtc gka lh lh kgnh  kgnh jfr tch hxpfrtha lh. 4. Fphk tch tch sgvha thnplg thnplgth, th, gka habt habt tch thnplg thnplgth th gddfrabk` tf tch bkstrudtbfks bk tch hxgnplhs bk tch thnplgth gka tch gdtugl rhqubrhnhkts. 1. Dlbdi Bnpfrt/Hxpfrt Bnpfrt/Hxpfrt,, gka dcffsh Bnpfrt Bnpfrt jrfn  jrfn tch scfrtdut nhku tf bnpfrt tch habtha thnplgth tf tch NGH, gka tchk dlbdi FI FI..

Bssuh ?7 (=?=?-?1-?0)

Dfpyrb`ct © Cugwhb Qhdckflf`bhs Df., Lta.

::

 

42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

Bj...

7 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

Qchk...

g5 Bj tch nfkbtfrbk` pfrt bs g ab`btgl pfrt, sht Glgrn sht  Glgrn Zfltg`h. Zfltg`h. Bj tch nfkbtfrbk` pfrt bs gk gkglf` pfrt, sht Glgrn sht Glgrn Xpphr Lbnbt gka Lbnbt gka Glgrn  Glgrn Lfwhr Lbnbt. Lbnbt. m5 Qch Glgrn Qch Glgrn Mbkabk`  Mbkabk` tgm pg`h scfws tch mbkabk` rhdfras, wbtc

mhjfrh

hgdc rhdfra.   4.

Thlh Thlhdt dt g mbk mbkab abk` k` rh rhdf dfra ra,, gka gka dlbdi dlbdi Gpply  Gpply tf  tf gpply tch mbkabk` rhlgtbfkscbp tf tch KH.

1.

Qch systhn systhn prfvbahs prfvbahs g suddhss suddhss fr fr jgblurh jgblurh prfnpt. prfnpt. Bj tch fphrg fphrgtbfk tbfk bs suddhssj suddhssjul, ul, dlbdi FI FI.. Qch abglf` mfx bs dlfsha, gka tch bdfk absgpphgrs. Bj tch fphrgtbfk jgbls, dlbdi Ahtgbls Ahtgbls tf  tf quhry tch jgblurh dgushs, rhdtbjy tch prfmlhns, gka tchk try tf mbka tch glgrns tf tch KH g`gbk.

Tthp = Dchdi hkvbrfknhktgl glgrns gs jfllfws5 (Ngkuglly trb``hr gk hxthrkgl hkvbrfknhkt glgrn. Bj tch glgrn bs rhpfrtha kfrnglly, tch dfk`urgtbfk dfk`urgtbfk fj  fj hxthrkgl hkvbrfknhkt nfkbtfrbk` ahvbdhs bs dfrrhdt.) 7.

Qch lfdgl lfdgl hk`bkhhr hk`bkhhr phrjf phrjfrns rns g lffpmgdi lffpmgdi thst fk gk gk glgrn glgrn pfrt pfrt fj tch tch X_HX X_HX usbk` g twbstha pgbr. Qch rhnfth hk`bkhhr dchdis wchtchr tch NGH rhdhbvhs gk hkvbrfknhktgl glgrn jrfn tch glgrn pfrt.

=.

Qch lfdgl lfdgl hk`bk hk`bkhhr hhr stfps stfps tch tch lffpmgd lffpmgdi i thst. Qch Qch rhnfth rhnfth hk`bk hk`bkhhr hhr dchdis dchdis wchtchr tch glgrn fk tch NGH bs dlhgrha.

4.

Mftc lfdgl gka rhnfth rhnfth hk`bkhhrs hk`bkhhrs rhphgt rhphgt tch prhdh prhdhabk` abk` sthps uktbl gll tch tch hb`ct hb`ct glgrn pfrts fk tch X_HX pgss tch thsts.

----Hka

7.8.7.:.: Dchdibk` KH Chgltc Rfu dgk drhgth g tgsi tf phrjfrn g chgltc dchdi fk gk KH fr tch khtwfri.

_rhrhqubsbths ◆

Rfu cg cgvh ph phrnbss bssbfk KH Chgltc Dchdi tf Dchdi tf fphrgth tch KCD. Jfr ahtgbls, shh Wuhrybk` Gutcfrbzgtbfk bk Gutcfrbzgtbfk bk Thdurbty Ngkg`hnhkt. Ngkg`hnhkt.

◆

Qch KHs KHs cgvh cgvh mhhk mhhk ga gaaha aha gka yfu cgv cgvh h tch tch ng ngkg` kg`hnh hnhkt kt p phrn hrnbss bssbfk bfk jjfr fr bkvflvha KHs. Jfr ahtgbls, shh Wuhrybk` Gutcfrbzgtbfk bk Gutcfrbzgtbfk bk Thdurbty Ngkg`hnhkt.. Ngkg`hnhkt

Dfkthxt KFQ KF Q

Gjthr gk KH bs gaaha, yfu nust dlbdi fk tch KH chgltc dchdi bkthrjgdh tf upagth tch KH bkjfrngtbfk. Ftchrwbsh, tch KH bkjfrngtbfk jfr tch chgltc dchdi dgkkft tgih hhdt.

Fk tch KH chgltc dchdi bkthrjgdh, gjthr yfu dlbdi 5 ◆ Bj tch tch rhjr rhjrhsc hscbk` bk` bs bs suddh suddhssj ssjul, ul, kf bkjf bkjfrng rngtbf tbfk k bs absp absplgy lgyha. ha. Bssuh ?7 (=?=?-?1-?0)

Dfpyrb`ct © Cugwhb Qhdckflf`bhs Df., Lta.

:0

 

42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

◆

7 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

Bj tch tch rhjr rhjrhsc hscbk` bk` jgbl jgbls, s, ttch ch systh systhn n abspl absplgys gys g jgbl jgblur urh h nhssg nhssg`h. `h.

Tgvh tch ahjgult sdhkgrbf fr dustfnbzha d ustfnbzha sdhkgrbf gs g khw sdhkgrbf. KFQ KF Q

Mhjfrh hxpfrtbk` gk KCD rhpfrt, yfu dgk sht tch rhpfrt prfphrtbhs (sudc gs Dustfnhr Dustfnhr,, Dfktgdt _hrsfk, Dustfnhr _cfkh Kunmhr, _hrsfk, Kunmhr, Fdh Fdh,, Fdh Fdh Qyph  Qyph,, Bksphdtfr Bksphdtfr,, Ngbktgbkhr Ngbktgbkhr,, Bksphdtfr _cfkh Kunmhr, Kunmhr, gka Ngbktgbkhr _cfkh Kunmhr). Kunmhr). Gjthr tch rhpfrt bs hxpfrtha, tch bkjfrngtbfk bs sgvha fk tch shrvhr bk plgbkthxt. Gjthr usbk` tch rhpfrt, ahlhth tch lh lh gs  gs sffk gs pfssbmlh. Rfu grh fmlb`gtha tf tgih dfksbahrgmlh nhgsurhs, bk dfnplbgkdh wbtc tch lgws fj tch dfuktrbhs gka rh`bfks dfkdhrkha gka tch ushr prbvgdy pflbdbhs fj yfur dfnpgky, tf hksurh tcgt tch phrsfkgl agtg fj ushrs bs jully prfthdtha.

_rfdhaurh Tthp 7 Dcffsh Ngbkthkgkdh Ngbkthkgkdh ;  ; Khtwfri Chgltc Dchdi ; Dchdi ; KH Chgltc Dchdi jrfn Dchdi jrfn tch ngbk nhku. KFQ KF Q

Jfr g wbrhlhss khtwfri KH tcgt suppfrts KCD, rb`ct-dlbdi tch KH bk tch tfpflf`y vbhw gka dcffsh KH Chgltc Dchdi jrfn Dchdi jrfn tch scfrtdut nhku.

Tthp = Fk tch KH Chgltc Dchdi  Dchdi tgm pg`h, dlbdi . Tthp 4 Thlhdt g sdhkgrbf jrfn tch Tdhkgrbf Tdhkgrbf arfp-afwk  arfp-afwk lbst bk tch Drhgth Qgsi abglf` Qgsi abglf` mfx. 7-=2.. Thh Jb`urh 7-=2 Jb`urh 7-=2 Thlhdtbk` 7-=2 Thlhdtbk` g sdhkgrbf

Qch vgluh fj Qgsi kgnh dfksbsts kgnh dfksbsts fj tch kgnh fj tch sdhkgrbf gka tch drhgtbfk tbnh fj tch tgsi gka bs `hkhrgtha gutfngtbdglly. Rfu Rfu dgk dcgk`h tch vgluh gs rhqubrha. Tth Tthp 1 Fptb Fptbfk fkgl gl55 Dcgk`h tch kgnh fj tch tgsi bk Qgsi kgnh gs kgnh gs rhqubrha. KFQ KF Q

Qch kgnh fj g tgsi nust kft mh tch sgnh gs gk hxbstbk` tgsi.

Tthp 8 Bk Bk Gvgblgmlh  Gvgblgmlh KHs, KHs, nfvh KHs tf Thlhdtha KHs. KHs. Thh Jb`urh 7-4?. 7-4?.

Bssuh ?7 (=?=?-?1-?0)

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:3

 

42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

7 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

Jb`urh 7-4? Thlhdtbk` 7-4? Thlhdtbk` KHs

7-47.. Tthp : Bk Hxhdutbfk Qyph, Qyph, shlhdt g tgsi hxhdutbfk nfah. Thh Jb`urh 7-47 Jb`urh 7-47 Thlhdtbk` 7-47 Thlhdtbk` g tgsi hxhdutbfk typh

Fptbfk

Ahsdrbptbfk

Bnnhabgth

Qch tgsi bs hxhdutha bnnhabgthly gjthr mhbk` drhgtha. Dlbdi Khxt Khxt tf  tf sht g tbnh phrbfa. Thh Jb`urh 7-4= 7-4=..

Tdchaulha

Qch tgsi bs hxhdutha gt tch sphdbha tbnh wbtcbk tch prhsht phrbfa. 7. Bk tch Tdchaulha Tdchaulha spbk  spbk mfx, sht tch stgrt tbnh fj tch tgsi. Rfu dgk sht tch stgrt tbnh fj tch tgsi bk gky fj  tch jfllfwbk` wgys5 — Hkth Hkthrr g vgl vgluh uh bk bk tc tch h spbk spbk m mfx fx khxt tf tch Tdchaulha Tdchaulha muttfk.  muttfk. — Dlbd bdi i tbnh.

fr

tf kh-tukh kh-tukh tch  tch

— Dlbdi Dlbdi , gka gka tc tchk hk sht sht tc tch h stgr stgrtt tbnh bk tch Thlhdt Qbnh abglf` Qbnh abglf` mfx. =. Dlbdi Khxt Khxt tf  tf sht g tbnh phrbfa.

Bssuh ?7 (=?=?-?1-?0)

Dfpyrb`ct © Cugwhb Qhdckflf`bhs Df., Lta.

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42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

7 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

Fptbfk

Ahsdrbptbfk

_hrbfabd

Qch tgsi bs hxhdutha mgsha fk tch prhsht stgrt tbnh fr phrbfa. Qch `hkhrgtha rhpfrts grh gutfngtbdglly shkt tf g prhsht hngbl gaarhss. Dlbdi Khxt Khxt.. Thh Jb`urh 7-44. 7-44. 7. Tht ttch ch tbnh tbnh gt wcbdc wcbdc g phrbfa phrbfabd bd tgsi stgrts. Qch stgrt tbnh nhgks tch tbnh wchk tch tgsi stgrts. Jfr hxgnplh, bj tch stgrt tbnh bs sht tf =?7?-?4-?8 ?25??5??, tch tgsi stgrts tf mh hxhdutha fk =?7?-?4-?8 ?25??5??. Bj tch phrbfa `rgkulgrbty bs sht tf Phhily Phhily,, tch tgsi wbll tchk mh hxhdutha fk =?7?-?4-7= ?25??5?? khxt tbnh. =. Tht Tht tch tch phrb phrbfa fa.. Jrhquhkdy5 Bkabdgths tch phrbfabd Jrhquhkdy5 `rgkulgrbty fj tch tgsi. Qcrhh `rgkulgrbtbhs, agbly, whhily, gka nfktcly, grh suppfrtha. Hxhdutbfk tbnhs5 tbnhs5 Bkabdgths tch kunmhr fj hxhdutbfk tbnhs fj tch tgsi. Pchk tch ngxbnun kunmhr bs rhgdcha, tch tgsi wbll kf lfk`hr mh hxhdutha. Hka tbnh5 tbnh5 Bkabdgths tch hka tbnh fj  tch tgsi. Pchk tch prhsht hka tbnh bs rhgdcha, tch tgsi wbll kf lfk`hr mh hxhdutha. 4. Tht ttch ch tbnh tbnh phrbfa phrbfa fj tch agtg agtg jfr jfr dchdi. Tht tch tbnh phrbfa fj tch agtg jfr wcbdc KCD bs tf mh phrjfrnha. KCD wbll trb``hr g phrbfabd tgsi tf dchdi tch chgltc fj tch agtg fj tch prhvbfus phrbfa gt tch sphdbha hxhdutbfk tbnh. — Bj tch tch phrb phrbfa fa ` `rg rgkul kulgrb grbty ty bs sht tf g Nfktcly , tch tbnh phrbfa rgk`hs wbtcbk g dglhkagr nfktc. Jfr hxgnplh, bj tch stgrt agth fj  agtg tf mh dchdiha bs 78tc, tch tbnh phrbfa rgk`hs jrfn 78tc fj  tch prhvbfus nfktc tf 71tc fj  tch durrhkt nfktc.

Bssuh ?7 (=?=?-?1-?0)

Dfpyrb`ct © Cugwhb Qhdckflf`bhs Df., Lta.

0?

 

42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

Fptbfk

7 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

Ahsdrbptbfk — Bj tch tch phrb phrbfa fa ` `rg rgkul kulgrb grbty ty bs sht tf Phhily,, tch tbnh phrbfa rgk`hs Phhily wbtcbk g whhi. Jfr hxgnplh, bj  tch stgrt agth fj agtg tf mh dchdiha bs Quhsagy, tch tbnh phrbfa rgk`hs jrfn lgst Quhs Quhsagy agy tf tcbs Nfkagy. — Bj tch tch phrb phrbfa fa ` `rg rgkul kulgrb grbty ty bs sht tf Agbly,, tch tbnh phrbfa rgk`hs Agbly jrfn ??5??5?? tf =4582582. Jfr hxgnplh, bj tch durrhkt agth bs tch 7=tc agy fj g nfktc, tch agtg `hkhrgtha fk 77tc fj tch durrhkt nfktc bs dchdiha. Gaeust tch tbnh phrbfa mgsha fk gdtugl rhqubrhnhkts. 1. Tht ttch ch rhdbpbhk rhdbpbhktt hngbl hngbl pgrgnhthr pgrgnhthrssm fj chgltc dchdi rhpfrts. Mhjfrh shttbk` tch hngbl gaarhss, ngih surh tcgt tch dfnnukbdgtbfks pgrgnhthrs fj tch ngblmfx ahvbdh grh sht bk tch rhnfth kftbdgtbfk gka tcgt dfnnukbdgtbfks grh kfrngl. Jfr ahtgbls, shh _grgnhthrs jfr Thttbk` Kftbdgtbfk Kftbdgtbfk my  my Hngbl bk Jgult Ngkg`hnhkt. Ngkg`hnhkt.

g5 Qch kunmhr fj agys agy s fj g dglhkagr nfktc vgrbhs gddfrabk` tf tch durrhkt nfktc. Bj g nfktc cgs lhss tcgk 47 agys, tch vgluh 47 bkabdgths tch lgst agy fj  tch nfktc. m5 Bj tch sbzh fj gk .ctnl rhpfrt hxdhhas = NM, tch rhpfrt wbll kft mh shkt tf tch sphdbha hngbl sphdbha  hngbl gaarhss gs gk gttgdcnhkt. _rbvgth hngbls grh phrsfkgl agtg. Pchk prbvgth hngbls grh usha jfr kftbdgtbfk, kftbdgtbfk, gaabk`,  gaabk`, nfabjybk`, gka ahlhtbk` tchsh hngbls nust dfkjfrn tf lfdgl lgws gka rh`ulgtbfks fk phrsfkgl agtg.   Jb`urh 7-4= Thttbk` 7-4= Thttbk` tch chgltc dchdi phrbfa

Bssuh ?7 (=?=?-?1-?0)

Dfpyrb`ct © Cugwhb Qhdckflf`bhs Df., Lta.

07

 

42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

7 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

Jb`urh 7-44 Thttbk` 7-44 Thttbk` g phrbfabd tgsi

Tthp 0 Dlbdi Khxt Khxt.. KFQ KF Q

Bj KH hxthksbfk pgrgnhthrs af kft khha tf mh sht jfr tch rhqubrha KH, sibp tcbs sthp.

Tthp 3 Bk tch KH Lbst kgvb`gtbfk Lbst kgvb`gtbfk trhh, dlbdi gk KH kfah, gka sht KH hxthksbfk pgrgnhthrs bk tch rb`ct pgkh. Thh Jb`urh 7-41. 7-41. KFQ KF Q

◆ Bj KH hxthksbfk hxthksbfk pgr pgrgnhth gnhthrs rs af kft khha khha tf mh sht jfr jfr tch rhqubr rhqubrha ha KH, sibp tcbs tcbs sthp. sthp. ◆ Qch pgr pgrgnh gnhthr thrss vgry vgry g gddfr ddfrabk` abk` tf KH dfk`urgtbfks. ◆ Qch Qch N@ N@P P rhq rhqubr ubrhs hs g u ush shrr kgnh kgnh gka  gka g pgsswf pgsswfra. ra.

Bssuh ?7 (=?=?-?1-?0)

Dfpyrb`ct © Cugwhb Qhdckflf`bhs Df., Lta.

0=

 

42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

7 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

Jb`urh 7-41 Tht 7-41 Tht KH hxthksbfk pgrgnhthrs

Tthp 2 Dlbdi Jbkbsc Jbkbsc.. KFQ KF Q

Bj g dchdi bthn jgbls tf mh hxhdutha aurbk` g phrbfabd tgsi, bt bs rhtrbha tcrhh tbnhs my ahjgult gka hgdc tbnh lgsts 7? nbkuths.

----Hka

Jfllfw-up _rfdhaurh ◆

Gjthr Gjthr g ch chglt gltc c dchdi dchdi tgsi tgsi bs ddrhg rhgtha tha, , tch KCD KCD hxhdu hxhduths ths tch tch tgsi tgsi mgsha mgsha fk fk tch shttbk`s gka `hkhrgths g chgltc dchdi rhpfrt.

◆

Rfu dgk dgk drhgth drhgth gka gka ruk g chglt chgltc c dchdi dchdi tgsi mhj mhjfr frh h gka gjthr gjthr gk KH KH up`rg up`rgah, ah, dfnpgrh tch tgsi rhpfrts, dchdi tch rukkbk` stgtus fj tch KHs gka khtwfri, gka hksurh tcgt tch khtwfri wfris prfphrly gjthr tch up`rgah.

7.8.= LNQ+NGH-mgsha Dfnnbssbfkbk` Qcbs shdtbfk ahsdrbmhs tch LNQ+NGH-mgsha dfnnbssbfkbk` nfah. Bk tcbs nfah, hla hk`bkhhrs hla  hk`bkhhrs up`rgah tch mgsh stgtbfk sfjtwgrh gka lfga tch agtg dfk`urgtbfk lh usbk` lh  usbk` tch LNQ. LNQ. Gjthr tch trgkspfrt khtwfri bs wfribk` dfrrhdtly, rhnfth hk`bkhhrs (wcf wfri bk tch FND) phrjfrn ftchr dfnnbssbfkbk` tgsis fk tch NGH gka wfri wbtc lfdgl hk`bkhhrs tf phrjfrn khdhssgry dchdis gka vhrbdgtbfk vhrbdgtbfk tgsis.  tgsis.

7.8.=.7 _rfdhss

Qcbs shdtbfk ahsdrbmhs tch LNQ+NGH-mgsha dfnnbssbfkbk` prfdhss jfr g khw XTX.

Bssuh ?7 (=?=?-?1-?0)

Dfpyrb`ct © Cugwhb Qhdckflf`bhs Df., Lta.

04

 

42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

7 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

Jb`urh 7-48 LNQ+NGH-mgsha 7-48 LNQ+NGH-mgsha dfnnbssbfkbk` prfdhss jfr g khwly ahplfyha mgsh stgtbfk

7.8.=.= _rhpgrgtbfk Qcbs shdtbfk ahsdrbmhs cfw tf prhpgrh jfr dfnnbssbfkbk`, bkdluabk` cfw tf prhpgrh g sfjtwgrh pgdig`h, dfnnbssbfkbk` lbdhksh, dfk`urgtbfk dfk`urgtbfk  lh, lh, ahplfynhkt  ahplfynhkt lbst, gka ahvbdh pgkhl argwbk`, cfw tf prhpgrh abglbk` thst tffls, cfw tf dchdi wchtchr tch trgkspfrt khtwfri bs rhgay, cfw tf dfk`urh dfk`urh rhqubrha  rhqubrha shrvhrs, ahvbdhs, gka pgrgnhthrs, cfw tf phrjfrn cgrawgrh bkstgllgtbfk gka pfwhr-fk dchdis, gka cfw tf drhgth gka stgrt gk KH dfnnbssbfkbk` tgsi fk tch NGH. Hksurh tcgt tch gagptgtbfk jfr tch NGH-sbah KHs cgs mhhk bkstgllha gka bs jukdtbfkbk` prfphrly.

7.8.=.=.7 Ngibk` _rhpgrgtbfks fk tch Dfktrfllhr Tbah (Pchk Khwly Gaaha KHs Tuppfrt tch @TN gka XNQT Nfahs) Bj tch KHs tf mh ahplfyha suppfrt tch @TN fr XNQT nfah, yfu khha tf hxpfrt tch bkdrhnhktgl sdrbpts fj tch mgsh stgtbfk dfktrfllhr (MTD fr ]KD) usbk` tch NGHAhplfynhkt.

_rhrhqubsbths Qch cgrawgrh bkstgllgtbfk gka dfnnbssbfkbk` cgvh mhhk dfnplhtha fk tch dfktrfllhr sbah, gka tch dfktrfllhr bs wfribk` dfrrhdtly. Bssuh ?7 (=?=?-?1-?0)

Dfpyrb`ct © Cugwhb Qhdckflf`bhs Df., Lta.

01

 

42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

7 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

_rfdhaurh Tthp 7 MTD/]KD5 Hxpfrt MTD fr ]KD bkdrhnhktgl sdrbpts jrfn tch NGH-Ahplfynhkt gka tchk gdtbvgth tchn. Tthp = MTD5 Bj tch KH tf mh dfnnbssbfkha bs tch @MQT, ruk tch AT_ MQTTQGQ dfnngka MQTTQGQ dfnngka tf dchdi wchtchr tch mgsh stgtbfk agtg cgs mhhk gdtbvgtha. Bj kft, ruk tch GDQ tch  GDQ MQT dfnngka MQT  dfnngka tf gdtbvgth tch mgsh stgtbfk. ----Hka

7.8.=.=.= _rhpgrbk` g Tfjtwgrh _gdig`h, Agtg Dfk`urgtbfk Dfk`urgtbfk Jblhs,  Jblhs, gka Ahplfynhkt Lbsts Qcbs shdtbfk ahsdrbmhs cfw tf fmtgbk g sfjtwgrh pgdig`h, agtg dfk`urgtbfk dfk`urgtbfk  lhs, gka ahplfynhkt lbsts, gka cfw tf uplfga tch ahplfynhkt lbsts tf tch NGH. Qch sfjtwgrh pgdig`h gka agtg dfk`urgtbfk dfk`urgtbfk  lhs lhs grh  grh stfrha fk g lfdgl _D jfr tch lfdgl hk`bkhhrs tf up`rgah tch sfjtwgrh pgdig`h gka lfga agtg dfk`urgtbfk dfk`urgtbfk  lhs usbk` tch LNQ.

_rhrhqubsbths Agtg dfk`urgtbfk dfk`urgtbfk cgs  cgs mhhk dfnplhtha fk tch NGH-Ahplfynhkt. KFQ KF Q

Bk KTG khtwfribk` nfah, yfu khha tf dfk`urh dfk`urh tch  tch kh`ftbgtbfk agtg fk tch hKfahM sbah mhjfrh ahplfybk` g `KfahM. Bj tch hKfahM cgs mhhk ahplfyha, tch kh`ftbgtha agtg fk tch hKfahM sbah dgk mh ahlbvhrha my usbk` tch NGH-Ahplfynhkt bk bkdrhnhktgl dfk`urgtbfk nfah fr my usbk` tch K] gutf-ahplfynhkt tgsi. Bj tch hKfahM bs tf mh ahplfyha, yfu khha tf prhpgrh tch agtg dfk`urgtbfk dfk`urgtbfk  lh lh gka  gka ahplfynhkt lbst fj tch hKfahM.

Dfkthxt Qch ahjgult sgvh pgtcs jfr tch ahplfynhkt lbsts fk tch NGH shrvhr nust mh rhtgbkha.

_rfdhaurh Tthp 7 Fmtgbk tch tgr`ht sfjtwgrh pgdig`h jrfn Cugwhb hk`bkhhrs gka ahdfnprhss bt fk tch lfdgl _D.

Bssuh ?7 (=?=?-?1-?0)

Dfpyrb`ct © Cugwhb Qhdckflf`bhs Df., Lta.

08

 

42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

KFQB KF QB

7 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

H

Qf prhvhkt g sfjtwgrh pgdig`h jrfn mhbk` nglbdbfusly tgnphrha wbtc aurbk` trgksnbssbfk fr stfrg`h, afwklfga tch dfrrhspfkabk` ab`btgl sb`kgturh lh lh jfr  jfr bkth`rbty vhrbdgtbfk vhrbdgtbfk wchk  wchk afwklfgabk` tch sfjtwgrh pgdig`h. Gjthr tch sfjtwgrh pgdig`h bs afwklfgaha, vhrbjy bts _@_ ab`btgl sb`kgturh gddfrabk` tf tch Fphk_@_ Tb`kgturh Zhrbjdgtbfk  @ubah   @ubah . Bj tch sfjtwgrh pgdig`h jgbls tch vhrbdgtbfk, vhrbdgtbfk, af  af kft ush tch sfjtwgrh pgdig`h, gka dfktgdt Cugwhb thdckbdgl suppfrt hk`bkhhrs. Mhjfrh g sfjtwgrh pgdig`h bs usha bk bkstgllgtbfk fr up`rgah, bts ab`btgl sb`kgturh glsf khhas tf mh vhrbha vhrbha gddfrabk`  gddfrabk` tf tch Fphk_@_ Tb`kgturh Zhrbjdgtbfk  @ubah   @ubah  tf hksurh tcgt tch sfjtwgrh pgdig`h bs kft tgnphrha wbtc. Zbsbt hbtchr fj tch jfllfwbk` whmsbths tf fmtgbk tch Fphk_@_ Tb`kgturh Zhrbjdgtbfk  @ubah   @ubah 5 ◆ Dg Dgrr rrbh bhrr dust dustfn fnhr hrs5 s5 cttps5//suppfrt.cugwhb.dfn/dgrrbhr/ ab`btglTb`kgturhGdtbfk ◆ Hkth Hkthrp rprb rbsh sh dust dustfn fnhr hrs5 s5 cttps5//suppfrt.cugwhb.dfn/hkthrprbsh/hk/tffl/p`pvhrbjy-QL7???????81 KFQ KF Q

◆

Bj tch prhdfk`urha prhdfk`urha vhrsbfk  vhrsbfk fj tch ngbk dfktrfl mfgra tf mh ahplfyha bs T]GK3.? fr lgthr, fmtgbk tch sfjtwgrh pgdig`h MQT42??V82?? lgthr,  Z7??]?7:D7?T_SSSVGLL(Tfjtwgrh).0z.. Tbk`lh-nfah sfjtwgrh pgdig`hs grh kft  Z7??]?7:D7?T_SSSVGLL(Tfjtwgrh).0z rhdfnnhkaha. Bj tch KH typh fj gk KH tf mh ahplfyha bs MQT42?? gka g @QNXm/ @QNXd @QN Xd shrvhs gs tch ngbk tch ngbk dfktrfl mfgra, yfu glsf khha tf fmtgbk f mtgbk tch sfjtwgrh pgdig`h MQT42??Z2? MQT42??Z2??]?7:D7?T_SSS.zbp ?]?7:D7?T_SSS.zbp,, wcbdc bs tch @QNXm/@QNXd Tbk`lhFN sfjtwgrh pgdig`h.

◆

Bj tch prhdfk`urha prhdfk`urha sfjtwgrh  sfjtwgrh fj tch ngbk dfktrfl mfgra fj tch mgsh stgtbfk tf mh ahplfyha bs hgrlbhr tcgk T]GK3.?, up`rgah tch sfjtwgrh tf g vhrsbfk jrfn T]GK3.? tf T]GK74.7 gka tchk fmtgbk tch sfjtwgrh pgdig`h MQT42??V82??  Z7??]?7:D7?T_SSSVGLL(Tfjtwgrh).0z..  Z7??]?7:D7?T_SSSVGLL(Tfjtwgrh).0z

Tthp = Hxpfrt agtg dfk`urgtbfk dfk`urgtbfk  lhs lhs gka  gka ahplfynhkt lbsts jrfn tch NGH-Ahplfynhkt. Dfk`urgtbfk Jblhs  Jblhs fj  Jfr ahtgbls, shh 7.3.1 Hxpfrtbk` Ahplfynhkt Lbsts gka Dfk`urgtbfk Mgsh Ttgtbfks. Ttgtbfks.

KFQB KF QB

H

Thlhdt Af kft swbtdc tf tch Gutf Ahplfynhkt wbkafw gjthr wbkafw  gjthr hxpfrtbk` agtg dfk`urgtbfk  lhs dfk`urgtbfk lhs gka  gka ahplfynhkt lbsts jrfn tch NGH-Ahplfynhkt. Agtg dfk`urgtbfk dfk`urgtbfk  lhs lhs gka  gka ahplfynhkt lbsts hxpfrtha jrfn tch NGH-Ahplfynhkt grh sgvha bk tch tch jfllfwbk` pgtcs. Af kft dcgk`h gky lh lh fr  fr abrhdtfry strudturh. ◆

Agtg dfk`urgtbfk dfk`urgtbfk  lhs5 lhs5  hxpfrt abrhdtfry \Dj`Agtg\mgsh \Dj`Agtg\mgsh stgtbfk kgnh \

◆

Ahplfynhkt lbst5 hxpfrt abrhdtfry \GALbst\ \GALbst\

◆

KTG pgrgnhthr lbst5 hxpfrt abrhdtfry \_grgLbst\mgsh \_grgLbst\mgsh stgtbfk lbst \ Qcbs jukdtbfk bs fptbfkgl. Bt bs suppfrtha bk 8@ KTG sbth ahplfynhkt sdhkgrbfs. Mgsha fk tch pgrgnhthr tgmlh, tch K] gutf-ahplfynhkt gutf- ahplfynhkt tgsi dgk upagth LQH kh`ftbgtbfk agtg fklbkh.

◆

Af kf kft df dfpy tc tch ..xxnl lhs lhs jrfn  jrfn g rhnfth ahsitfp tf g lfdgl _D. Ftchrwbsh, mgsh bktf stgtbfk ahplfynhkt wbll lh jgbl. trgksjhr. Rfu grh gavbsha tf dfnprhss tch rhqubrha lhs lhs bktf g .rgr fr .zbp lh lh jfr  jfr lh trgksjhr.

Bssuh ?7 (=?=?-?1-?0)

Dfpyrb`ct © Cugwhb Qhdckflf`bhs Df., Lta.

0:

 

42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

7 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

Tthp 4 Tgvh tch agtg dfk`urgtbfk dfk`urgtbfk  lh lh fk  fk tch lfdgl _D. Qchk, phrjfrn tch jfllfwbk` sthps tf uplfga tch ahplfynhkt lbst tf tch NGH5 7.

Fk tc tch h NGH NGH dlb dlbhk hkt, t, dcff dcffsh sh TFK TFK ;  ; Gutf  Gutf Ahplfynhkt tf Ahplfynhkt tf fphk tch Gutf tch Gutf Ahplfynhkt wbkafw. Ahplfynhkt  wbkafw.

=.

Dlbdi tch _rhpgrh Jblh & Agtg tgm Agtg tgm gka tchk tch Ahplfynhkt Lbst tgm. Lbst tgm. Jb`urh 7-4:  7-4: _rhpgrh Jblh & Agtg ; Agtg ; Ahplfynhkt Lbst tgm Lbst tgm

4.

Dlbdi Qrgksjhr Qrgksjhr,, gka dcffsh Jrfn FTT Dlbhkt tf FTT Thrvhr jrfn Thrvhr jrfn tch scfrtdut nhku. Qch Xplfga Ahplfynhkt Lbst abglf` Lbst abglf` mfx bs absplgyha. Jb`urh 7-40 Xplfgabk` 7-40 Xplfgabk` tch ahplfynhkt lbst

1.

Dlbdi bk tch Tfurdh _gtc grhg. _gtc grhg. Qch Fphk Fphk abglf`  abglf` mfx bs absplgyha. Thlhdt tch ahplfynhkt lbst (.xnl) tf mh uplfgaha, gka dlbdi Fphk Fphk.. Qch Xplfga Ahplfynhkt Lbst abglf` Lbst abglf` mfx bs absplgyha.

8.

Dlbdi FI FI.. Qch Xplfga Ahplfynhkt Lbst abglf` Lbst abglf` mfx bs dlfsha, gka tch uplfga stgrts.

Bssuh ?7 (=?=?-?1-?0)

Dfpyrb`ct © Cugwhb Qhdckflf`bhs Df., Lta.

00

 

42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

7 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

Qch Jblh Qrgksjhr Qgsi tgm Qgsi tgm pg`h gt tch mfttfn fj tch Gutf tch Gutf Ahplfynhkt wbkafw absplgys ahtgblha fphrgtbfk bkjfrngtbfk, bkdluabk` Fphrgtbfk Fphrgtbfk,, Ttgtus Ttgtus,, Fmehdt,, _rf`rhss Fmehdt _rf`rhss,, Ttgrt Qbnh, Qbnh, Hka Qbnh, Qbnh, gka Bkjfrngtbfk Bkjfrngtbfk.. Pchk _rf`rhss _rf`rhss bs  bs 7??%,, tch uplfga bs dfnplhth. 7??% ----Hka

7.8.=.=.4 Xplfgabk` g Dfnnbssbfkbk` Lbdhksh (Pchk LQH/K] Thrvbdhs grh tf mh Hkgmlha) Qch prfdhaurh jfr LNQ+NGH-mgsha dfnnbssbfkbk` bs tch sgnh gs tcgt jfr NGHmgsha dfnnbssbfkbk`. Jfr ahtgbls, shh 7.8.7.=.4 Xplfgabk` g Dfnnbssbfkbk` Dfnnbss bfkbk` Lbdhksh (Pchk LQH/K] Thrvbdhs Grh tf Mh Hkgmlha). Hkgmlha).

7.8.=.=.1 _rhpgrbk` ]]X HTK Dfllhdtbfk Agtg Qcbs sthp bs rhdfnnhkaha bj yfu wgkt tf dchdi wchtchr tch D_]B dgmlh dfkkhdtbfks grh dfksbsthkt wbtc tch dfk`urgtbfk dfk`urgtbfk plgk  plgk (fkly jfr tch LQH/K]). Ftchrwbsh, sibp tcbs sthp.

_rhrhqubsbths Rfu cgvh dfktgdtha Cugwhb thdckbdgl suppfrt tf fmtgbk tch plgkkha ]]X HTK agtg.

Mgdi`rfuka Qch sgvh pgtc fj tch dfllhdtha ]]X HTK agtg fk tch NGH shrvhr bs tch ahjgult pgtc. Rfu af kft khha tf sht tch sgvh pgtc.

_rfdhaurh 7.

Ttgr Ttgrtt tc tch h NGH NGH dlbh dlbhkt kt gka gka dcff dcffsh sh TFK TFK ;  ; Gutf  Gutf Ahplfynhkt. Ahplfynhkt. Qch Gutf Qch Gutf Ahplfynhkt wbkafw Ahplfynhkt  wbkafw bs absplgyha.

=.

Xplfga Xplfga tch dfl dfllhd lhdtha tha ]]X ]]X HTK HTK agtg agtg tf tf tch tch NGH shrvhr shrvhr.. g.

Dcffsh ]]X HTK Dfllhdtbfk Agtg ; Agtg ; _rhpgrh Jblh & Agtg. Agtg. Jb`urh 7-43  7-43 _rhpgrh Jblh & Agtg tgm Agtg tgm pg`h

m.

Bssuh ?7 (=?=?-?1-?0)

Dlbdi Qrgksjhr Qrgksjhr gka  gka dcffsh Jrfn FTT Dlbhkt tf FTT Thrvhr jrfn Thrvhr jrfn tch scfrtdut nhku. Qch Xplfga ]]X HTK Dfllhdtbfk Agtg abglf` Agtg abglf` mfx bs absplgyha. Dfpyrb`ct © Cugwhb Qhdckflf`bhs Df., Lta.

03

 

42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

7 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

Jb`urh 7-42  7-42 Xplfga ]]X HTK Dfllhdtbfk Agtg abglf` Agtg abglf` mfx

d.

Dlbdi bk tch Tfurdh _gtc grhg. _gtc grhg. Qch Fphk Fphk abglf`  abglf` mfx bs absplgyha. Thlhdt tch ]]X HTK agtg lh lh (.xnl)  (.xnl) tf mh uplfgaha, gka dlbdi Fphk Fphk.. Qch Xplfga KTG _grgnhthr Lbst abglf` Lbst abglf` mfx bs absplgyha.

a.

Dlbdi FI FI tf  tf dlfsh tch Xplfga ]]X HTK Dfllhdtbfk Agtg abglf` Agtg abglf` mfx. Qch systhn stgrts tf uplfga tch lh. lh. Qch  Qch Jblh Qrgksjhr Qgsi tgm Qgsi tgm pg`h gt tch mfttfn fj tch Gutf tch Gutf Ahplfynhkt wbkafw Ahplfynhkt wbkafw absplgys ahtgblha fphrgtbfk bkjfrngtbfk, bkdluabk` Fphrgtbfk Fphrgtbfk,, Ttgtus Ttgtus,, Fmehdt Fmehdt,, _rf`rhss _rf`rhss,, Ttgrt Qbnh, Qbnh, Hka Qbnh, Qbnh, gka Bkjfrngtbfk Bkjfrngtbfk.. Pchk _rf`rhss _rf`rhss bs  bs 7??%, tch uplfga bs dfnplhth.

7.8.=.=.8 Fmtgbkbk` g Ahvbdh _gkhl Argwbk` Qf jgdblbtgth tch dfnnbssbfkbk`, hla hla hk`bkhhrs  hk`bkhhrs nust fmtgbk tch bkstgllgtbfk bkjfrngtbfk gmfut tch mfgras gka nfaulhs fj g mgsh stgtbfk. Bj hla hla hk`bkhhrs  hk`bkhhrs dgkkft fmtgbk gddurgth bkstgllgtbfk bkjfrngtbfk gmfut tch mfgras gka nfaulhs fj  g mgsh stgtbfk, dfktgdt Cugwhb thdckbdgl suppfrt tf fmtgbk tch ahvbdh pgkhl argwbk`. Qch ahvbdh pgkhl argwbk` scfws tch bkstgllgtbfk pfsbtbfk gka dgmlh d gmlh dfkkhdtbfks fj hgdc mfgra gka nfaulh bk g mgsh stgtbfk.

7.8.=.=.: Dchdibk` g Qrgkspfrt Khtwfri Qcbs shdtbfk ahsdrbmhs cfw tf dchdi wchtchr tch FNDC khtwfribk` gka tch khtwfri hqubpnhkt nhht tch dfk`urgtbfk dfk`urgtbfk rhqubrhnhkts  rhqubrhnhkts fj tch dfrrhspfkabk` d frrhspfkabk` sdhkgrbfs mhjfrh dfnnbssbfkbk` g mgsh stgtbfk. ◆

Bssuh ?7 (=?=?-?1-?0)

Bj kfahs kfahs bk bk tch trgks trgkspfr pfrtt khtwfri khtwfri gllfw gllfw pbk` pbk` pgdi pgdihts hts tf tf pgss, pgss, dchdi dchdi wchtc wchtchr hr tch B_ gaarhss fj tch `gthwgy fr tch khtwfri sh`nhkt tf wcbdc tch mgsh Dfpyrb`ct © Cugwhb Qhdckflf`bhs Df., Lta.

02

 

42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

7 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

stgtbfk bkthrjgdh B_ gaarhss mhlfk`s dgk mh pbk`ha my tch khtwfri sh`nhkt tf wcbdc tch B_ gaarhss fj tch NGH shrvhr mhlfk`s. ◆

Bj kfahs kfahs fk fk tch tr trgks gkspfr pfrtt khtwfri khtwfri dgkk dgkkft ft mh pbk` pbk`ha, ha, dchd dchdi i wchtch wchtchrr tch khtwfri hqubpnhkt gt hgdc kfah bs dfk`urha dfk`urha gs  gs rhqubrha. Jfr ahtgblha bkjfrngtbfk gka tch agtg plgk gmfut tch trgkspfrt khtwfri, dfktgdt tch ahpgrtnhkt bk dcgr`h fj tch trgkspfrt khtwfri.

Qch mgsh stgtbfk shts up gk FNDC wbtc tch NGH mgsha fk tch agtg dfk`urgtbfk lh. Bj lh.  Bj shdurbty gutchktbdgtbfk bs rhqubrha, tch mgsh stgtbfk ushs gk fphrgtfr-bssuha dhrtbdgth tf dhrtbdgth  tf phrjfrn shdurbty gutchktbdgtbfk. Jfr ahtgblha bkjfrngtbfk, shh _IB Jhgturh _grgnhthr Ahsdrbptbfk. KFQ KF Q

Aurbk` gutfngtbd FNDC hstgmlbscnhkt, tchrh bs g prfmgmblbty tcgt fkly tch gkfkynfus TTL dbpchr subth bs gvgblgmlh, wcbdc mrbk`s shdurbty rbsis. Bj tch dustfnhr khhas tf gvfba tcbs rbsi, tch dustfnhr khhas tf dfk`urh dfk`urh tch  tch TTL fj tch NGH tf gutchktbdgth tch phhr hka. Bj tch mgsh stgtbfk trgksnbssbfk pfrt ushs tch 7? @mbt/s fptbdgl nfaulh, tch pfrt rgth nust mh sht tf 7? @mbt/s gka dgkkft mh ahdrhgsha tf 7 @mbt/s fr 7?? Nmbt/s. Bj tch mgsh stgtbfk trgksnbssbfk pfrt ushs tch =8 @mbt/s fptbdgl nfaulh, tch pfrt rgth nust mh sht tf =8 @mbt/s gka dgkkft mh ahdrhgsha tf 7? @mbt/s, 7 @mbt/s, fr 7?? Nmbt/s. Bj tch hhdtbvh hhdtbvh rgth  rgth bs abhrhkt abhrhkt jrfn  jrfn tch rgth fj  tch fptbdgl nfaulh, tch lbki ngy mh absdfkkhdtha hvhk bj tch pfrt bkthrdfkkhdtbfk bs suddhssjul. Gjthr tch mgsh stgtbfk bs stgrtha kfrnglly, yfu dgk ruk tch AT_ HQC_F]Q dfnngka HQC_F]Q dfnngka tf quhry tch hhdtbvh hhdtbvh  Lfdgl Tphha fj Tphha fj tch pfrt, gka ruk tch AT_ TJ_ dfnngka TJ_ dfnngka tf quhry tch Qrgksnbssbfk Qrgksnbssbfk Dfah ]gth ]gth fj  fj tch fptbdgl nfaulh. nfa ulh. Pchk tch lfdgl rgth fj tch trgksnbssbfk fptbdgl pfrt bs 7? @mbt/s, tch trgksnbssbfk dfah rgth fj tch fptbdgl nfaulh rgk`hs jrfn 23 tf 774. Pchk tch lfdgl rgth fj tch trgksnbssbfk fptbdgl pfrt bs =8 @mbt/s, tch trgksnbssbfk dfah rgth fj tch fptbdgl nfaulh rgk`hs jrfn =1? tf =:?.

7.8.=.=.0 Thttbk` Hkvbrfknhktgl Glgrn _grgnhthrs Qch prfdhaurh jfr LNQ+NGH-mgsha dfnnbssbfkbk` bs tch sgnh gs tcgt jfr NGHmgsha dfnnbssbfkbk`. _grgnhthrs.. Jfr ahtgbls, shh 7.8.7.=.2 Thttbk` Hkvbrfknhktgl Glgrn _grgnhthrs

7.8.=.=.3 _rhpgrbk` Abglbk` Qhst Qffls Qcbs shdtbfk ahsdrbmhs cfw tf ush g thst thrnbkgl tf dchdi wchtchr tch mgsh stgtbfk dgk phrjfrn shrvbdhs prfphrly. Dfnnfkly usha tffls grh thst thrnbkgls (sudc gs TG@HN fr _CX), dfnnfk thrnbkgls wbtc tch jrhquhkdy lfdibk` jukdtbfk, fr dfnnhrdbgl thrnbkgls rhqubrha my tch ushr. Hksurh Hksurh tcgt tch pcfkh dgra, sudc gs TBN dgra, tf mh thstha cgs rh`bsthrha gt tch CL] fr CTT.

7.8.=.=.2 Drhgtbk` KH Dfnnbssbfkbk` Qgsis Qch prfdhaurh jfr LNQ+NGH-mgsha dfnnbssbfkbk` bs gs jfllfws5

_rfdhaurh 7.

Fk tc tch h NGH NGH dlb dlbhk hkt, t, dcff dcffsh sh TFK TFK ;  ; Gutf  Gutf Ahplfynhkt tf Ahplfynhkt tf fphk tch Gutf tch Gutf

=.

Ahplfynhkt wbkafw. Ahplfynhkt  wbkafw. Dr Drhgt hgth h gk KH dfnnbs dfnnbssbf sbfkbk kbk` ` tgsi, tgsi, gs scfw scfwk k bk tch tch jfllf jfllfwbk wbk` ` `urh.

Bssuh ?7 (=?=?-?1-?0)

Dfpyrb`ct © Cugwhb Qhdckflf`bhs Df., Lta.

3?

 

42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

7 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

Jb`urh 7-1? Drhgtbk` 7-1? Drhgtbk` gk KH dfnnbssbfkbk` tgsi

KFQ KF Q

◆ Bj sbth ahpl ahplfynhk fynhktt rhdfr rhdfras as grh mhbk mhbk` ` ahlhtha mhjfrh mhjfrh tch ahplfynh ahplfynhkt kt lbst bs bnpf bnpfrtha, rtha, phrjfrn tch bnpfrt gjthr tch ahlhtbfk bs dfnplhth. ◆ Pchk yf yfu u bnpfrt tch tch ahplf ahplfynhkt ynhkt llbst, bst, bj kf sumg sumgrhg rhg cgs cgs mhhk gllfdgtha gllfdgtha tf tf tch KH, tch NGH gutfngtbdglly gllfdgths g sumgrhg tf tch KH gddfrabk` tf tch lfga mglgkdbk` pflbdy9 bj g sumgrhg cgs mhhk dfk`urha dfk`urha jfr  jfr tch KH, tch dfk`urha sumgrhg bs usha. ◆ Gjth Gjthrr gk KH dfnnbssbf dfnnbssbfkbk` kbk` ttgsi gsi bs drhgtha, drhgtha, tch NGH NGH vhrbhs vhrbhs tch  tch vglbabty fj  ngkagtfry pgrgnhthrs bk tch ahplfynhkt lbst gka bkjfrngtbfk gmfut tch bnpfrt rhsult bkabdgtbk` g jgblurh fr suddhss wbll mh absplgyha fk tch Fphrgtbfk Bkjf tgm Bkjf tgm pg`h. ◆ Bj tch lbd lbdhksh hksh dgpgdbty dgpgdbty dfksunha dfksunha my ttch ch systh systhn n hxdhhas hxdhhas tch dgpg dgpgdbty dbty gutcfrbzha gutcfrbzha,, KHs dgkkft mh ahplfyha. Rfu khha tf hxpgka tch lbdhksh dgpgdbty gs sffk gs pfssbmlh. Jfr thnpfrgry ush, gpply jfr sphdbgl gutcfrbzgtbfk. Jfr cfw tf gpply jfr sphdbgl gutcfrbzgtbfk, shh Gpplybk` jfr Tphdbgl Gutcfrbzgtbfk.

4.

g.

Dlbdi

. Qch Bnpfrt Ahplfynhkt Lbst wbkafw Lbst wbkafw bs absplgyha.

m.

Thlhdt Thlhdt tch tch ahplfy ahplfynhk nhktt lbst fj fj tch KH tf tf mh dfnnbs dfnnbssbf sbfkha kha g gka ka dlbdi dlbdi FI FI.. Qch Gutf Qch  Gutf Ahplfynhkt wbkafw Ahplfynhkt wbkafw bs rhturkha. Qch suddhssjully drhgtha dfnnbssbfkbk` tgsis grh absplgyha bk tch Gutf tch  Gutf Ahplfynhkt wbkafw. Ahplfynhkt wbkafw.

Nfabjy agtg bk tch tch a ahplfy hplfynhkt nhkt lbst mgsha fk sbth sbth rhqubr rhqubrhnhkt hnhkts. s. Fkly Fkly HTK HTK gka  gka Tfjtwgrh Zhrsbfk dgk Zhrsbfk dgk mh nfabha nfabha bk  bk tch Gutf tch Gutf Ahplfynhkt wbkafw. Ahplfynhkt wbkafw. Qgmlh 7-0 ahsdrbmhs 7-0  ahsdrbmhs tch nfabdgtbfk nfabdgtbfk nhtcfas.  nhtcfas. Ftchr agtg nust mh nfabha nfabha fk  fk tch NGH-Ahplfynhkt. Gjthr tch nfabdgtbfk, nfabdgtbfk, yfu  yfu nust hxpfrt tch ahplfynhkt lbst gka agtg dfk`urgtbfk dfk`urgtbfk   lh lh tf  tf tch shrvhr, gka rh-drhgth gk KH dfnnbssbfkbk` tgsi.

Bssuh ?7 (=?=? ?1 ?0)

Dfpyrb`ct © Cugwhb Qhdckflf`bhs Df., Lta.

37

 

42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

7 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

Qgmlh 7-0 _grgnhthrs 7-0 _grgnhthrs tcgt dgk mh nfabha nfabha bk  bk tch ahplfynhkt lbst _grgnhthr

Nhtcfa

HTK

Dcgk`h HTK HTK usbk`  usbk` hbtchr fj tch jfllfwbk` nhtcfas5 ◆ Afu Afumlh mlh-dlb -dlbdi di g dhll dhll dfktgb dfktgbkbk kbk` ` tch HTK HTK  yfu wgkt tf dcgk`h. ◆ Xsh ttch ch mb mbkab kabk` k` nhtcf nhtcfa a my phrj phrjfrn frnbk` bk` tch jfllfwbk` fphrgtbfks5 7. Afumlh-dlbdi Afumlh-dlbdi g dhll dhll dfktgbkbk` dfktgbkbk` tch HTK yfu wgkt tf dcgk`h. Dlbdi bk tch dhll. =. Bk tch tch abs abspl plgy gyha ha Mbka HTKg abglf` mfx, shlhdt tch HTK fj g mgsh stgtbfk tf mh ahplfyha. Dlbdi FI FI.. Qch dfnnbssbfkbk` tgsi lbst bs absplgyha.

Tfjtwgrh Zhrsbfk

Dcgk`h Tfjtwgrh Zhrsbfk my Zhrsbfk my afumlhdlbdibk` tch dhlls dfktgbkbk` sfjtwgrhtch vhrsbfk bkjfrngtbfk. Dchdi wchtchr plgkkha tgr`ht vhrsbfk bs dfksbsthkt wbtc tcgt bk tch ahplfynhkt lbst mhjfrh stgrtbk` g drhgtha KH dfnnbssbfkbk` tgsi5 ◆ Bj tc tch h vhrsbfk vhrsbfkss grh dfks dfksbst bsthkt, hkt, ush ush tc tcbs bs ahplfynhkt lbst tf prfdhha wbtc tch ahplfynhkt. ◆ Bj tc tch h vhrsbfk vhrsbfkss grh bkdfk bkdfksbs sbsthk thkt, t, dcgk`h dcgk`h tch vhrsbfk bk tch lbst bk gddfragkdh wbtc tch ahplfynhkt plgk.

g5 Rfu dgk dcgk`h tch HTK mhjfrh tch FN lbki mhtwhhk tch KH gka tch NGH bs sht up.  

7.8.=.=.7? Ttgrtbk` gk KH Dfnnbssbfkbk` Qgsi Qcbs shdtbfk ahsdrbmhs cfw tf stgrt gk KH dfnnbssbfkbk` tgsi. Gjthr g dfnnbssbfkbk` tgsi bs stgrtha, tch NGH gutfngtbdglly dfnnbssbfks fkh fr nfrh KHs.

_rhrhqubsbths Qch KH dfnnbssbfkbk` tgsi cgs mhhk drhgtha.

Dfkthxt G ngxbnun fj 8?? dfnnbssbfkbk` tgsis dgk mh stgrtha sbnultgkhfusly fk tch NGH. Pchk tchrh grh nfrh tcgk 4?? dfnnbssbfkbk` tgsis, g ngxbnun fj 4?? tgsis dgk mh prfdhssha sbnultgkhfusly, sbnultgkhfusly, gka tch rhngbkbk` tgsis grh quhuha jfr prfdhssbk`.

Bssuh ?7 (=?=? ?1 ?0)

Dfpyrb`ct © Cugwhb Qhdckflf`bhs Df., Lta.

3=

 

42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

7 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

KFQ KF Q

Fkly fkh dfnnbssbfkbk` tgsi dgk mh stgrtha jfr fkh KH. Gjthr shttbk` up gk FN dcgkkhl mhtwhhk wbtc tch NGH, tch KH hkthrs tch gutf-dfk`urgtbfk gutf-dfk`urgtbfk pcgsh.  pcgsh. Rfu dgkkft ahlhth tch durrhkt dfnnbssbfkbk` tgsi fr rh-drhgth gkftchr dfnnbssbfkbk` tgsi jfr tch KH bk tcbs pcgsh. Bj   yfu khha tf rh-drhgth gka stgrt g khw dfnnbssbfkbk` tgsi jfr tcbs KH auh tf bkdfrrhdt KH agtg dfk`urgtbfks, phrjfrn dfk`urgtbfks,  phrjfrn rhlgtha fphrgtbfks wchk tch durrhkt gutfdfk`urgtbfk gutfdfk`urgtbfk bs  bs dfnplhth.

Bj g tgsi bs dfnplhtha mut kft dfkrnha dfkrnha ngkuglly,  ngkuglly, bt wgbts jfr dfkrngtbfk. dfkrngtbfk. Gjthr  Gjthr bt bs dfkrnha, dfkrnha, tch  tch prfdhssbk` fj gkftchr tgsi wgbtbk` tf mh prfdhssha gutfngtbdglly stgrts. Mhjfrh stgrtbk` gk KH dfnnbssbfkbk` tgsi, yfu dgk ush tch agtg prhpgrgtbfk dchdi jukdtbfk tf dchdi wchtchr tch agtg dfk`urgtbfk dfk`urgtbfk  lhs lhs grh  grh rhgay. Qf phrjfrn tcbs dchdi, rb`ct-dlbdi tch dfnnbssbfkbk` tgsi lbst gka dcffsh Agtg _rhpgrgtbfk Dchdi jrfn tch scfrtdut nhku. Qchk, tch NGH dchdis tch rhqubrha agtg dfk`urgtbfk lhs mgsha lhs  mgsha fk tch dfnnbssbfkbk` prfdhaurh gka F&N sdhkgrbf. ◆

Tfjt Tfjtwg wgrrh fr fr pgt pgtdc dc pgdi pgdig` g`h5 h5 Bj Afwklfga sbth sfjtwgrh bs sfjtwgrh bs shlhdtha, tch systhn dchdis wchtchr tch sfjtwgrh fr pgtdc pgdig`h fj tch tgr`ht vhrsbfk bs gvgblgmlh. Bj tcbs bthn bs kft shlhdtha, tch systhn sibps tcbs dchdi.

◆   Dfk`urgtbfk Dfk`urgtbfk agtg  agtg lhs5 lhs5 Bj  Bj Afwklfga sbth dfk`urgtbfk dfk`urgtbfk bs  bs shlhdtha, tch systhn dchdis wchtchr tchrh grh gaabtbfkgl agtg dfk`urgtbfk dfk`urgtbfk  lhs lhs jfr  jfr mgsh stgtbfks wbtc khwly gaaha nfahs fr wchtchr gll agtg dfk`urgtbfk dfk`urgtbfk  lhs rhqubrha jfr khwly ahplfyha mgsh stgtbfks hxbst. Bj tcbs bthn b thn bs kft shlhdtha, tch systhn sibps tcbs dchdi. ◆

Dfnnbs Dfnnbssbf sbfkbk kbk` ` lbdhksh lbdhksh55 Bj dfnnbss dfnnbssbfk bfkbk` bk` lbdhk lbdhksh sh bs shlhdth shlhdtha, a, tch syst systhn hn dchdis dchdis wchtchr tchrh bs g dfnnbssbfkbk` lbdhksh. Bj tcbs bthn bs kft shlhdtha, tch systhn sibps tcbs dchdi.

◆

HTK HTK agt agtg g fj fj ]J ]J nfa nfau ulhs5 lhs5 Bj Ahthdt D_]B dgmlh dfkkhdtbfks bs dfkkhdtbfks bs shlhdtha, tch systhn dchdis wchtchr HTK agtg fj ]J nfaulhs bs dfllhdtha. Bj tcbs bthn bs kft shlhdtha, tch systhn sibps tcbs dchdi.

_rfdhaurh Tthp 7 Fk tch NGH dlbhkt, dcffsh TFK TFK ;  ; Gutf  Gutf Ahplfynhkt tf Ahplfynhkt tf fphk tch Gutf tch Gutf Ahplfynhkt wbkafw. Ahplfynhkt  wbkafw. Tthp = Ttgrt gk KH dfnnbssbfkbk` tgsi.

Bssuh ?7 (=?=? ?1 ?0)

Dfpyrb`ct © Cugwhb Qhdckflf`bhs Df., Lta.

34

 

42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

7 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

Jb`urh 7-17 Ttgrtbk` 7-17 Ttgrtbk` gk KH dfnnbssbfkbk` tgsi

7.

]b`ct ]b`ct-dlb -dlbdi di fkh f frr nultbp nultbplh lh dfnnbs dfnnbssbf sbfkbk kbk` ` tgsis, tgsis, gka gka dcffs dcffsh h Ttgrt Ttgrt jrfn  jrfn tch scfrtdut nhku. Qch Qgsi _grgnhthr Thttbk`s abglf` Thttbk`s abglf` mfx bs absplgyha.

Bssuh ?7 (=?=? ?1 ?0)

Dfpyrb`ct © Cugwhb Qhdckflf`bhs Df., Lta.

31

 

42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

7 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

KFQ KF Q

Bj `lfmgl pgrgnhthrs cgvh mhhk sht mhjfrh g dfnnbssbfkbk` tgsi bs stgrtha, pgrgnhthrs bk tch Qgsi _grgnhthr Thttbk` abglf` Thttbk` abglf` mfx ush tch `lfmgl pgrgnhthr shttbk`s. R Rfu fu dgk nfabjy tch pgrgnhthr shttbk`s mgsha fk tch khtwfri plgk. Rfu dgk nfabjy tch pgrgnhthr p grgnhthr shttbk`s mgsha fk tch khtwfri plgk my rb`ct-dlbdibk` bk tch dfnnbssbfkbk` tgsi lbst grhg gka dcffsbk` @lfmgl _grgnhthr Thttbk`s jrfn Thttbk`s jrfn tch scfrtdut nhku.

=.

Tht Tthp _grgnhthrs mgsha _grgnhthrs mgsha fk tch khtwfri plgk. Qbp 75 Dcffsh tch dfrrhspfkabk` sthps gs plgkkha. Jfr ahtgbls gmfut tch dfnnbssbfkbk` prfdhaurh, shh dfnnbssbfkbk` prfdhaurh shttbk` ahsdrbptbfk. ahsdrbptbfk. KFQ KF Q

—

5 bkabd bkabdgth gthss ttcgt cgt tcbs tcbs sthp sthp bs n ngka gkagtf gtfry ry gka dgkkft dgkkft mh dcg dcgk`h k`ha a ngku ngkugll glly y.

—

5 bk bkabd abdgt gths hs ttcg cgtt tc tcbs bs ssth thp p bs fptb fptbfkg fkgll gka gka hxhdu hxhduth tha a my ah ahjg jgul ult. t.

—

5 bkabd bkabdgt gths hs ttcg cgtt tc tcbs bs ssth thp p bs f fpt ptbfk bfkgl gl g gka ka kft kft hxh hxhdut dutha ha m my y ahjg ahjgul ult. t.

Jfr ahtgbls gmfut tch LNQ+NGH-mgsha dfnnbssbfkbk` prfdhss jfr g khwly ahplfyha mgsh stgtbfk, shh tch jfllfwbk` tgmlh. Qgmlh 7-3 LNQ+NGH-mgsha 7-3 LNQ+NGH-mgsha dfnnbssbfkbk` prfdhss jfr g khwly ahplfyha mgsh stgtbfk Kf.

_cgsh

_rfdhaurh

Thlhdtbfk _flbdy

7

Gutf absdfvhr sbth

Dchd Dc hdi i FN FN dc dcgk gkkh khll

Qc Qch h sys systh thn na aht hthr hrnb nbkh khss wchtchr tf shlhdt tcbs prfdhaurh gddfrabk` tf tch sdhkgrbf fj tch dfnnbssbfkbk` tgsi.

=

Gutf dfk`urh sbth

Afwklfga sbth sfjtwgrh

Qcbs prfdhaurh bs kft shlhdtha.

Afwklfga sbth dfk`urgtbfkg

Qcbs prfdhaurh bs kft shlhdtha.

Gdtbvgth sbth

Qcbs prfdhaurh bs kft shlhdtha.

  4

Ahlbvhr lbdhksh

Ahlbvhr LQH dfnnbssbfkbk` lbdhksh

Qcbs prfdhaurh bs kft shlhdtha.

Ahlbvhr K] dfnnbssbfkbk` lbdhksh

Qcbs prfdhaurh bs kft shlhdtha.

Bssuh ?7 (=?=?-?1-?0)

Dfpyrb`ct © Cugwhb Qhdckflf`bhs Df., Lta.

38

 

42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

Kf. 1

7 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

_cgsh Qhst bkstgllgtbfk & ahplfynhkt quglbty

_rfdhaurh Nfkbtfr ]J nfaulh shrvbdh stgtus

Thlhdtbfk _flbdy Qch systhn gutfngtbdglly shlhdts tcbs prfdhaurh bj  bkstgllgtbfk gka ahplfynhkt tf mh thstha. quglbty bs

8

Ahthdt gka gaeust D_]B dgmlh

Bkthrvhkh

Qch systhn gutfngtbdglly shlhdts tcbs prfdhaurh bj  bkstgllgtbfk gka ahplfynhkt quglbty bs tf mh thstha.

Qhst bkstgllgtbfk & ahplfynhkt quglbty

Qcbs prfdhaurh bs rhdfnnhkaha.

Ahthdt D_]B dgmlh dfkkhdtbfks

Qf dchdi wchtchr tch pcysbdgl D_]B dgmlh dfkkhdtbfks grh

dfkkhdtbfks

dfksbsthkt wbtc tch dfk`urgtbfk plgk, dfk`urgtbfk  plgk, shlhdt tcbs bthn. Ngkuglly dfkrn tch D_]B dgmlh dfkkhdtbfk nfah

Bj yfu wgkt tf dchdi D_]B dgmlh dfkkhdtbfks, tch systhn gutfngtbdglly shlhdts tcbs bthn.

Gaeust D_]B dfk`urgtbfks

Bj yfu wgkt tf dchdi D_]B dgmlh dfkkhdtbfks, tch systhn gutfngtbdglly shlhdts tcbs bthn.

:

Tbth vhrbdgtbfk

Tbth vhrbdgtbfk

Qcbs prfdhaurh bs rhdfnnhkaha.

0

Pgbtbk` jfr dfkrngtbfk

Pgbtbk` jfr dfkrngtbfk

Qch systhn gutfngtbdglly shlhdts tcbs prfdhaurh.

g5 Qcbs dchdi mfx afhs kft hxbst bj tch KH tf mh dfnnbssbfkha bs g @MQT.   4.

Tht Hxthkaha _grgnhthrs gs _grgnhthrs gs plgkkha. Qbp =5 Hxthkaha _grgnhthrs  _grgnhthrs ahkhs ahkhs tcrhscfla  tcrhscfla pgrgnhthrs jfr dfnnbssbfkbk` tch gkthkkg systhn bk tch Qhst bkstgllgtbfk & ahplfynhkt quglbty pcgsh. quglbty pcgsh. Jfr ahtgbls, shh Ahsdrbptbfks jfr hxthkaha pgrgnhthrs. Bj tchrh grh kf sphdbgl rhqubrhnhkts, ahjgult vgluhs fj tchsh pgrgnhthrs grh usha. Bj tchrh grh sphdbgl rhqubrhnhkts, sht tchsh pgrgnhthrs gs rhqubrha.

Bssuh ?7 (=?=?-?1-?0)

Dfpyrb`ct © Cugwhb Qhdckflf`bhs Df., Lta.

3:

 

42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

1.

7 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

Tht Tbth  Zhrbdgtbfk  Zhrbdgtbfk gs  gs plgkkha. Qbp 45 Tbth  Zhrbdgtbfk  Zhrbdgtbfk bs  bs usha tf dchdi tch stgtus fj tch mgsh stgtbfk hqubpnhkt, dlfdi, gka dhlls. Jfr tch dfkthkts fj hgdc dchdi bthn, shh ahsdrbptbfks bk tch "Tbth Zhrbdgtbfk" Zhrbdgtbfk" shdtbfk.  shdtbfk. Gll tch dchdi bthns grh ngkagtfry.

8.

Dlbdi FI FI.. Qbp 15 Gjthr dfkrnbk` dfkrnbk` tcgt  tcgt gk KH dfnnbssbfkbk` tgsi bs stgrtha, tch NGH dchdis tch rhqubrha agtg dfk`urgtbfk dfk`urgtbfk  lh. Bj tch agtg dfk`urgtbfk dfk`urgtbfk  lh lh bs  bs gvgblgmlh, tch NGH stgrts dfnnbssbfkbk`, gka tch dfnnbssbfkbk` tgsi bs bk tch ]ukkbk` ]ukkbk` stgth.  stgth. Bj tch agtg dfk`urgtbfk dfk`urgtbfk  lh lh bs  bs ukgvgblgmlh, prhpgrh tch lh lh gddfrabk`  gddfrabk` tf tch bkstrudtbfks bk 7.8.=.= _rhpgrgtbfk. _rhpgrgtbfk.

----Hka

7.8.=.4 Cgrawgrh Bkstgllgtbfk Dchdi Qcbs shdtbfk ahsdrbmhs cfw tf phrjfrn tch cgrawgrh bkstgllgtbfk dchdi, pfwhr-fk dchdi, gka trgksnbssbfk lffpmgdi thst.

7.8.=.4.7 _hrjfrnbk` Cgrawgrh Bkstgllgtbfk gka _fwhr-Fk Dchdis Gjthr tch cgrawgrh fj g mgsh stgtbfk bs bkstgllha, lfdgl hk`bkhhrs nust phrjfrn bkstgllgtbfk dchdi gka pfwhr-fk dchdi.

Dfkthxt Qcbs fphrgtbfk dgk mh phrjfrnha wbtc ftchr lfdgl fphrgtbfks gt tch dfnnbssbfkbk` pcgsh.

_rfdhaurh Tthp 7 Hksurh tcgt tch mgsh stgtbfk cgrawgrh (bkdluabk` tch dgmbkht, dgmlhs, gkthkkgs, jhhahrs, gka guxblbgry hqubpnhkt) cgs mhhk bkstgllha gka cgs pgssha tch bkstgllgtbfk dchdis. Abhrhkt Abhrhkt typhs  typhs fj mgsh stgtbfks cgvh abhrhkt abhrhkt cgrawgrh  cgrawgrh bkstgllgtbfk dchdi prfdhaurhs. Jfr ahtgbls, shh Bkstgllgtbfk Dchdilbst bk Dchdilbst bk tch bkstgllgtbfk `ubah fj tch dfrrhspfkabk` mgsh stgtbfk. Tthp = Hksurh tcgt tch mgsh stgtbfk cgs mhhk pfwhrha fk gka cgs pgssha tch pfwhr-fk dchdis. Abhrhkt Abhrhkt typhs  typhs fj mgsh stgtbfks cgvh abhrhkt abhrhkt pfwhr-fk  pfwhr-fk dchdi prfdhaurhs. Jfr ahtgbls, shh _fwhrbk` Fk g Mgsh Ttgtbfk bk Ttgtbfk  bk tch bkstgllgtbfk `ubah fj tch dfrrhspfkabk` mgsh stgtbfk. ----Hka

7.8.=.4.= Dfkaudtbk` g Qrgksnbssbfk Lffpmgdi Qhst (Pchk H7/Q7s Grh Xsha jfr Qrgksnbssbfk) Qcbs shdtbfk ahsdrbmhs cfw tf dfkaudt g trgksnbssbfk lffpmgdi thst tf dchdi wchtchr tch H7/Q7 dfkkhdtbfks mhtwhhk g dfktrfllhr gka g mgsh stgtbfk (@TN fr XNQT) grh dfrrhdt.

Bssuh ?7 (=?=?-?1-?0)

Dfpyrb`ct © Cugwhb Qhdckflf`bhs Df., Lta.

30

 

42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

7 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

_rfdhaurh ◆

Bj tch tch mgsh mgsh stgtbf stgtbfk k bs dfkkh dfkkhdth dtha a tf tch tch dfktr dfktrfll fllhr hr my H7/Q H7/Q7 7 dgmlhs, dgmlhs, ush ush gk H7/Q7 lffpmgdi dfkkhdtfr fr ruk tch THQ H7Q7LF_ dfnngka H7Q7LF_ dfnngka tf thst H7/Q7 dgmlhs fkh my fkh mhtwhhk tch mgsh stgtbfk gka tch dfktrfllhr gka quhry tch thst rhsults usbk` tch AT_ H7Q7LF_ dfnngka H7Q7LF_ dfnngka fk tch dfktrfllhr sbah. Bj tch thst jgbls, dchdi pcysbdgl dgmlh dfkkhdtbfks.

◆

Bj tch tch mgsh mgsh stgtbfk stgtbfk bs bs dfkkhdt dfkkhdtha ha tf tch tch dfktr dfktrfll fllhr hr my g ab`bt ab`btgl gl abstrb abstrbmut mutbfk bfk jrgnh (AAJ), ush gk H7/Q7 lffpmgdi dfkkhdtfr d fkkhdtfr fr ruk tch THQ H7Q7LF_ dfnngka tf thst H7/Q7 dgmlhs pgbr my pgbr mhtwhhk tch mgsh stgtbfk gka tch dfktrfllhr gka quhry tch thst rhsult usbk` tch AT_ H7Q7LF_ dfnngka H7Q7LF_ dfnngka fk tch dfktrfllhr sbah. Bj tch thst jgbls, dchdi pcysbdgl dgmlh dfkkhdtbfks.

----Hka

7.8.=.1 Lfdgl Fphrgtbfks Qcbs shdtbfk ahsdrbmhs fphrgtbfks tf mh phrjfrnha gt tch sbth wchrh tch mgsh stgtbfk bs lfdgtha, bkdluabk` absgmlbk` tch ACD_ jukdtbfk, dfk`urbk` dfk`urbk` gk  gk JQ_ shrvhr,, lfgabk` tch sfjtwgrh, agtg dfk`urgtbfk shrvhr dfk`urgtbfk  lh, lh, gka  gka dfnnbssbfkbk` lbdhksh my usbk` tch LNQ, LNQ, gka vhrbjybk` vhrbj ybk` shrvbdhs.

7.8.=.1.7 Lf``bk` Bk tf tch LNQ gka Absgmlbk` tch ACD_ Jukdtbfk Qcbs shdtbfk ahsdrbmhs cfw tf lf` bk tf tch mgsh stgtbfk LNQ gka absgmlh tch ACD_ jukdtbfk.

_rhrhqubsbths ◆

Mhjfr Mhjfrh h lf``bk lf``bk` ` bk tf tch tch LNQ bk Nbdr Nbdrfsf fsfjt jt Pbkafw Pbkafwss Thrvhr Thrvhr =??3, =??3, Nbdrf Nbdrfsfj sfjtt Pbkafws Thrvhr =?7=, fr Nbdrfsfjt Pbkafws 0, bkstgll tch dbpchr subth pgtdc. Jfr ahtgbls, shh Cfw tf Bkstgll tch Dbpchr Tubth _gtdc.

◆

Mhjfrh Mhjfrh usbk` tch LNQ, LNQ, bkstgll bkstgll tch EEGZG GZG _lgtjfrn _lgtjfrn Ttgkag Ttgkagra ra Habtbfk Habtbfk ]uktbnh ]uktbnh Hkvbrfknhkt (E]H) plu`-bk fk tch LNQ _D. — —

Qch Qch E]H E]H plu` plu`-bk -bk dgk dgk mh afwk afwklf lfga gaha ha jrf jrfn n tch tch Egvg Egvg fdbgl fdbgl whmsbth.  whmsbth. Bj tch tch E]H plu` plu`-bk -bk bs kft bkst bkstgll gllha ha fk tch _D _D fr tch tch bkstgl bkstgllha lha E]H E]H plu`plu`-bk bk bs kft tch dfnpgtbmlh vhrsbfk, tch Egvg dlbhkt wbkafw dgkkft mh fphkha fr sfnh jukdtbfks fj tch LNQ dgkkft wfri prfphrly. prfphrly. KFQ KF Q

Jfr prfmlhns gmfut bkstgllbk` fr usbk` tch Egvg plu`-bk, jfllfw bkstrudtbfks prfvbaha bk Chlp jfr Bkstgllbk` gka Xsbk` tch Egvg _lu`-bk.

—

Gjthr Gjthr g ssudd uddhss hssjul jul lf` lf`bk bk tf tf tc tch h LNQ LNQ ngbk ngbk pg`h, pg`h, wch wchk k yfu yfu dlb dlbdi di tch tch mgtdc mgtdc prfdhssbk`, trgdbk`, nfkbtfrbk`, fr ahvbdh ngbkthkgkdh jukdtbfk, tch Lfdgl Ngbkthkgkdh Qhrnbkgl wbkafw hrnbkgl wbkafw bs fphkha jfr yfu tf hxhduth dfnngkas fr vbhw agtg gka rhsults. Jfr ahtgbls gmfut cfw tf fphk tch Lfdgl Ngbkthkgkdh Qhrnbkgl, hrnbkgl, shh Cfw tf Fphk tch Lfdgl Ngbkthkgkdh Qhrnbkgl.

—

Bj yfu yfu dgkkf dgkkftt lf` lf` bk ttf f tch tch LNQ gjthr gjthr tch tch E]H E]H plu` plu`-bk -bk bs bs up up`r `rgah gaha a tf tch tch lgthst vhrsbfk, rhstgrt tch mrfwshr gka lf` bk g`gbk.

Bssuh ?7 (=?=?-?1-?0)

Dfpyrb`ct © Cugwhb Qhdckflf`bhs Df., Lta.

33

 

42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

7 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

Dfkthxt ◆

LNQ ushr ushrss grh dgth dgth`fr `frbzha bzha bktf bktf lfdg lfdgll ushrs ushrs gk gka a HNT ushr ushrs. s. Jfr Jfr ahtgbl ahtgbls, s, shh shh Dfkdhpts ]hlgtha tf ]b`cts Ngkg`hnhkt.

◆

My ahjgu ahjgult, lt, fkly fkly fk fkh h lfdgl lfdgl ushr ushr fr HNT HNT ushr ushr dg dgk k lf` bk bk tf tch tch LNQ. LNQ. (Bj tch tch mgsh mgsh stgtbfk bs prfphrly dfkkhdtha tf tch FTT, lfdgl ushrs dgkkft lf` bk tf tch LNQ lfdglly my ahjgult. Jfr ahtgbls, shh kfth "Pchk yfu try tf dfkkhdt tch LNQ _D tf tch mgsh stgtbfk tcrfu`c tch lfdgl ngbkthkgkdh pfrt" bk "_rfdhaurh" fj tcbs shdtbfk.) Bj nfrh ushrs khha tf lf` bk tf tch systhn gt tch sgnh tbnh, ruk tch THQ XT]NGSFKLBKH dfnngka XT]NGSFKLBKH dfnngka tf dcgk`h tch ahjgult vgluh. KFQ KF Q

◆ G ngxb ngxbnun nun fj ssbx bx lfdgl lfdgl ushrs gka HNT ushrs dgk lf` bk bk tf tch LNQ gt ttch ch sgn sgnh h tbnh. ◆ Pc Pchk hk tch tch M MMX MX42 42??/ ??/MM MMX4 X427 27? ? bs dfk`urha dfk`urha wbtc  wbtc tch LN_Q, LN_Q, g ngxbnun fj f j jfur lfdgl ushrs gka HNT ushrs dgk lf` bk tf tch LNQ gt tch sgnh tbnh.

◆

My ahjgu ahjgult, lt, tch tch CQQ_T CQQ_T fr PTT PTT bs usha usha jfr jfr dfkkh dfkkhdtbk dtbk` ` tf tch tch LNQ. LNQ. Bj yfu yfu hkthr hkthr gk CQQ_ X]L bk g whm mrfwshr tf dfkkhdt tf tch LNQ, LNQ, tch CQQ_ rhquhst gutfngtbdglly dcgk`hs tf gk CQQ_T rhquhst.

◆

Dfkkhd Dfkkhdtbf tbfk k tf tch LNQ fvhr fvhr CQQ_T CQQ_T fr PTT PTT rrhqu hqubr brhs hs ab`b ab`btgl tgl dhrtbdgths. dhrtbdgths. Bj  Bj tch mgsh stgtbfk bs kft dfk`urha dfk`urha wbtc  wbtc g ab`btgl dhrtbdgth dhrtbdgth fr  fr tch ab`btgl dhrtbdgth stgtus bs gmkfrngl (yfu dgk ruk tch AT_ G__DH]Q dfnngka G__DH]Q dfnngka tf quhry tch ab`btgl dhrtbdgth dhrtbdgth stgtus),  stgtus), yfu dgkkft gddhss tch LNQ LNQ.. —

Qch fp fphrgtfr-bssuha dhrtbdgth dhrtbdgth gka  gka ahvbdh dhrtbdgth dhrtbdgth fj  fj g mgsh stgtbfk fk tch LNQ grh bk g ahsdhkabk` frahr fj prbfrbtbhs.

—

Bj gk fphr fphrgtf gtfrr cgs ahplfy ahplfyha ha g _IB _IB systhn systhn,, shd shdur urh h mgsh mgsh stgtbf stgtbfk k ahplfy ahplfynhk nhktt my _k_ bs rhdfnnhkaha gka tch fphrgtfr fphrgtfr-bssuha -bssuha dhrtbdgth dhrtbdgth nust  nust mh fmtgbkha prbfr tf gddhss.

◆

Gjthr tch GDQ DJ@JBLH dfnngka DJ@JBLH dfnngka bs hxhdutha tf gdtbvgth tch nbkbnun dfk`urgtbfk, yfu dfk`urgtbfk,  yfu dgk gddhss tch LNQ fkly bk CQQ_T nfah. Hksurh tcgt tch ab`btgl dhrtbdgth dhrtbdgth bs  bs kfrngl mhjfrh gdtbvgtbk` tch nbkbnun dfk`urgtbfk.

◆

Pchk Pchk tch LNQ bs bs rukkbk rukkbk`, `, af kft kft dcgk` dcgk`h h tch syst systhn hn tbnh tbnh fr ttbnh bnh zfkh zfkh fj fj tch LNQ _D. Ftchrwbsh, g drbtbdgl jgult ngy fddur bk tch systhn. Bj tch systhn tbnh fr tbnh zfkh cgs tf mh dcgk`ha, phrjfrn tch fphrgtbfk gjthr tch LNQ hxbts.

◆

Qch rhjrh rhjrhsc sc jukdtbfk jukdtbfk fj tch tch mrfwshr mrfwshr dgkkft mh usha usha fk tch LNQ LNQ.. Bj yfu ush ush tch tch rhjrhsc jukdtbfk bk tch LNQ ngbk wbkafw, tch LNQ bs lf``ha fut. Bj yfu ush tch rhjrhsc jukdtbfk fk tch nfkbtfr wbkafw, gk hrrfr fddurs bk tch sdrbpt.

◆

Mhjfr Mhjfrh h yfu up`r up`rgah gah fr fr rfll rfll mgdi mgdi tch LNQ LNQ vhrsbf vhrsbfk, k, dl dlhgr hgr tch tch mrfwsh mrfwshr's r's dgdch dgdch gka dffibhs.

◆

Bj yfu prhss GL  GLQ+< Q+GGNX|GG]X|GG]XV@L|DDX20|HNX?0| GLL>GGNX|GG]X|GG]X V@L|DDX20|HNX?0|HNX?3|HNX7?| HNX?3|HNX7?|JGKVC|J JGKVC|JGKVL|JNX??| GKVL|JNX??| JNX?7|JNX?4|JNX?3|@QNX| LNMM-N_Q@|L]]X|N_]X|N_Q LNMM-N_Q@ |L]]X|N_]X|N_Q@|N]JXVZ7|N]JXV @|N]JXVZ7|N]JXVZ=|N]]XZ7V73??|N]]XZ Z=|N]]XZ7V73??|N]]XZ:| :| N]]XVZ7|N]]XVZ=|N]SXVZ:|_LX@ N]]XVZ7|N]]XVZ=|N ]SXVZ:|_LX@VZMFG]A|_NX?=| VZMFG]A|_NX?=|_NX?1| _NX?1| _NX?3|_NX72|_NX=7|_]]X|]CXM| _NX?3|_NX72|_ NX=7|_]]X|]CXM|]]X4243|]]XZ4|]]XZ4VL ]]X4243|]]XZ4|]]XZ4VLD|]]XZ4VT|]SX?:| D|]]XZ4VT|]SX?:| QDX?7|QDX?=|QD|N QDX?7|Q DX?=|QD|NBD]F|N]]XV1?P|T]]X|T]]X BD]F|N]]XV1?P|T]]X|T]]XVLD| VLD| XMM_|XNAX|XN_Qm|XQ]_D|P XMM_|XNAX|X N_Qm|XQ]_D|PMM_g|PMM_g MM_g|PMM_gVFla|PMM_m|PMM_ VFla|PMM_m|PMM_mVKhw|PMM_a|PMM_ mVKhw|PMM_a|PMM_j| j| PMM_jVJ7J=|PMM_jVJ4|PN_Q|nrru73??VXF| CMMBJAA|CMMBJAAVH_LA|CMMBQAA|CMMBQAAHKCGK CMMBJAA|CMMBJAAVH_LA|CMM BQAA|CMMBQAAHKCGKDH|CMMBQAAHKCGKDH DH|CMMBQAAHKCGKDHVH_LA| VH_LA| CMMBQAAVH_LA|LMM_AJAA|LMM_AQAA|LNMM-M| N_QD|]]C|]]X478S|]]X478Sh|]]X47:7AQ N_QD|]]C|]]X 478S|]]X478Sh|]]X47:7AQD|]]X47:3H|]]X470=J D|]]X47:3H|]]X470=JGAVB]|]]X4=4=| GAVB]|]]X4=4=| ]]X4=48|]]X4=87VB]|]]X4=84| ]]X4=84VB]|]]X4=8S|]]X4=0:|]]X4=0:VB]|]]X4:?:|]]XVPL40?=|XN_Qm YPHMLNQ^ PHMLNQ>KF

◆  GLL> SS  bs  bs usha tf sphdbjy tch kgnhs fj mfgra sfjtwgrh tf mh lfgaha. Xsh g vhrtbdgl lbkh (|), kft g khwlbkh dcgrgdthr, dcgrgdthr, tf shpgrgth twf kgnhs. Bj mfgras fj fkh typh cgvh nultbplh typhs fj sfjtwgrh pgdig`hs, gll sfjtwgrh pgdig`hs nust mh wrbtthk bktf tch _rhdj`.bkb lh. lh. Qch  Qch mgsh stgtbfk lfgas tch sfjtwgrh pgdig`h mgsha fk tch mfgra cgrawgrh. Jfr hxgnplh, XMM_ mfgras cgvh tcrhh typhs fj sfjtwgrh pgdig`hs5 XMM_V78??, XMM_V78?7, gka XMM_. XMM_. Qchrhjfrh, "XMM_V78??|XMM_V78?7|XMM_" nust mh wrbtthk bktf tch _rhdj`.bkb _rhdj`.bkb  lh. lh. Qch  Qch jfllfwbk` lbsts tcrhh typhs fj XMM_ mfgras gs gk hxgnplh5 9XMM_V78??5XMM_ 9XMM_V78?75XMM_ 9XMM_5XMM_

Qch prh-dfk`urgtbfk prh-dfk`urgtbfk sdrbpt  sdrbpt thnplgth, _rhdj`.bkb _rhdj`.bkb,, bs dfktgbkha bk g nultbnfah mgsh stgtbfk sfjtwgrh pgdig`h. Qch sfjtwgrh pgdig`h kgnh fj hgdc mfgra typh bs dfktgbkha bk dfnnhkts bk tch thnplgth. Qch jfrngt bs 9mfgra sfjtwgrh pgdig`h kgnh5mfgra typh. typh. Jfr hxgnplh, 9N_Q@5XN_Q 9N_Q@5XN_Q bkabdgths  bkabdgths tcgt tch sfjtwgrh pgdig`h kgnh jfr tch XN_Q bs tch N_Q@ N_Q@..

Bssuh ?7 (=?=?-?1-?0)

Dfpyrb`ct © Cugwhb Qhdckflf`bhs Df., Lta.

708

 

42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

7 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

Fptbfk

Ahsdrbptbfk

@MQT

Tdrbpt hxgnplh5 Y_]HDFKJB@^ GLL>@QNX|XM]B|XDBX|N]JX|N]]X |]SXT_HD>]]X42?3VZ7&N]JXVZ7&N]JXa&]]X42=:

 GLL> SS   bs bs usha tf sphdbjy tch typhs fj mfgras jfr wcbdc tch sfjtwgrh bs tf mh lfgaha. Qch mfgra typhs nust mh upphrdgsh. Xsh g vhrtbdgl lbkh (|), kft g khwlbkh dcgrgdthr, dcgrgdthr, tf shpgrgth twf mfgra typhs. Jfr mfgras fj tch sgnh typh, tch mfgra vhrsbfk bs kft abstbk`ubscha. Jfr hxgnplh, @QNXm/@QNXd bs wrbtthk gs @QNX. @]JX Z7/@]JX Z=/@]JX Z=g bs wrbtthk gs @]JX. ]]X42?3/ ]]X42=3/]]X42=2 bs wrbtthk gs N]]X. ]SXT_HD>SS bs usha tf sphdbjy tch typh fj ]J nfaulhs. Tphdbjy ]SXT_HD>SS bs tcbs pgrgnhthr mgsha fk tch typh fj tch ]J nfaulhs bk ush. Qch vgluh rgk`h fj tcbs pgrgnhthr nust mh dfksbsthkt wbtc tcgt fj tch ]SXT_HD pgrgnhthr ]SXT_HD  pgrgnhthr bk tch GAA tch GAA MQT]SXM]A dfnngka. MQT]SXM]A dfnngka. KFQH Bj tch ahplfynhkt lbst cgs mhhk hxpfrtha usbk` tch NGH-Ahplfynhkt, tch NGH-Ahplfynhkt gutfngtbdglly hxpfrts tch @MQT prh-dfk`urgtbfk prh-dfk`urgtbfk sdrbpt  sdrbpt tf hxpfrt abrhdtfry \GutfAhplfynhkt\***. \GutfAhplfynhkt\***.

Tthp 4 Tgvh tch lh lh wbtc  wbtc tch hkdfabk` jfrngt gs GKTB, gka kgnh tch lh lh  _rhdj`.bkb _rhdj`.bkb.. ----Hka

7.3.0 XH Jgblbk` tf Thgrdc tch Khtwfri Qcbs ahsdrbmhs tch pfssbmlh dgushs fj tch jgblurh fj g XH tf shgrdc tch khtwfri.

Tynptfn G XH jgbls tf ka ka tch  tch khtwfri.

Dgush Gkglysbs Qch pfssbmlh dgushs grh gs jfllfws5 ◆

Dhll Dhll pgrgnh pgrgnhthr thrss sudc sudc gs tch tch D@B, D@B, MDDC, MDDC, QG, QG, gk gka a MTBD MTBD grh grh bnprf bnprfphr phrly ly dfk`urha.

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Qch XH XH afhs afhs kft kft suppf suppfrt rt tch tch jrhqu jrhquhkdy hkdy mgka mgka fj tcbs tcbs mgsh mgsh stgtb stgtbfk. fk.

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Qch afwk afwklbk lbki i sb`k sb`kgls gls grh grh whgi. whgi. Qchrh Qchrhjf jfrh rh,, tch XH bs bs ukg ukgmlh mlh tf tf lfdgth lfdgth tch tch dhll. dhll.

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Qch afwk afwklbk lbki i bkth bkthrj rjhr hrhkd hkdh h bs strfk` strfk`.. Qch XH dgkk dgkkft ft lfdgt lfdgth h tch dhll dhll fr rhdh rhdhbvh bvh tch dfrrhdt afwklbki systhn bkjfrngtbfk.

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Qc Qch h dhl dhlll rgabu gabuss bbss ssng ngll ll.. KFQ KF Q

Pchk tch XH jgbls tf ka ka tch  tch khtwfri, pgy gtthktbfk tf tch futput pfwhr fj tch lfdgl dhll fj tch MQT gka tch rgabf khtwfri dfvhrg`h.

Bssuh ?7 (=?=?-?1-?0)

Dfpyrb`ct © Cugwhb Qhdckflf`bhs Df., Lta.

70:

 

42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

7 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

7.3.3 ZTP] Qhst Qch ZTP] thst bs usha tf dchdi wchtchr tch gkthkkg systhn bs bkstgllha prfphrly gka tf prhvhkt mgsh stgtbfk gka gkthkkg jgblurhs jrfn ghdtbk` ghdtbk` juturh  juturh khtwfri fptbnbzgtbfk.

_rhrhqubsbths GGXs gka LgnpTbth p]]Xs af kft suppfrt ZTP] thsts.

Dfkthxt ◆

Ttgkabk` wgvh5 wgvh5 Bk tch gkthkkg systhn fj tch nfmblh dfnnukbdgtbfk systhn, tch ZTP] nhgsurhs tch ah`rhh tf wcbdc tch bkput bnphagkdh gka dcgrgdthrbstbd bnphagkdh fj tch jhhahr ngtdc hgdc hgd c ftchr. ftchr. Bj tch bkput bnphagkdh bs abhrhkt abhrhkt jrfn  jrfn tch dcgrgdthrbstbd bnphagkdh, tch `hkhrgtha hnbssbfk wgvh gka bkdbahkt wgvh fvhrlgp fk tch jhhahr, jhhahr, jfrnbk` tch stgkabk` wgvh. Gk hxdhssbvh ZTP] ghdts ghdts tch  tch uplbki gka afwklbki dfvhrg`h fj g dgrrbhr.. Bk gaabtbfk, dgrrbhr gaabtb fk, bj tch rhhdtha rhhdtha pfwhr  pfwhr rhturks tf tch pfwhr gnplbhr gnplbhr fj   fj  tch trgksnbtthr, tch pfwhr gnplbhr gnplbhr tumh  tumh wbll mh agng`ha gka tch dgrrbhr

ngy jgbl tf wfri prfphrly. ◆   Fbkh ZTP] Fbkh ZTP] thst5 thst5 —

Qch fbkh fbkh ZTP]  ZTP] thst bs phrjfrnha fk g sbk`lh dcgkkhl gka ushs sphdbd sb`kgls bk tch afwklbki. Qf hksurh cb`c pfwhr sgnplbk` prhdbsbfk, lgr`h trgksnbt pfwhr nust mh usha aurbk` tch fbkh fbkh ZTP]  ZTP] thst.

—

Aurb Aurbk` k` tc tch h ahp ahplf lfyn ynhk hktt qug quglb lbty ty thst thstbk bk`, `, abhrhkt abhrhkt jrhquhkdbhs  jrhquhkdbhs grh usha tf phrjfrn ZTP] thsts jfr abhrhkt abhrhkt nfahs.  nfahs. Jfr @TN, tch dfk`urha jrhquhkdbhs grh thstha. Jfr tch XNQT gka LQH nfahs, tch systhn my ahjgult shlhdts jrhquhkdbhs jrfn tch jrhquhkdy mgka tcgt ushs tch dfk`urha jrhquhkdy dfk`urha  jrhquhkdy gs tch dhkthr jrhquhkdy tf dfkaudt ZTP] thsts. Qch thstha jrhquhkdbhs grh absplgyha bk tch thst rhsults. Jfr mgdiup dcgkkhls fr dcgkkhls tcgt grh kft dfk`urha dfk`urha wbtc  wbtc jrhquhkdbhs, ZTP] thsts grh phrjfrnha bk gll jrhquhkdbhs. Ahabdgtha bkstrunhkts dgk mh usha tf lfdgth tch prfmlhn bj tch thstha vgluh hxdhhas tch sphdbha sphdbha tcrhscfla.  tcrhscfla. Qcbs tcrhscfla bs sht tf 7.8 my ahjgult jfr Cugwhb hqubpnhkt, gka tch hk`bkhhr dgk sht tch ZTP] tcrhscfla tf g lgr`hr vgluh gddfrabk` tf tch rhqubrhnhkts fj tch dustfnhr.

KFQB KF QB

H

Qch typbdgl ZTP] fj gk gkthkkg ahvbdh bs usuglly 7.8. 7.8 . Cfwhvhr, Cfwhvhr, auh tf tch lbnbtha prhdbsbfk fj tch ]J nfaulh ZTP] ahthdtbfk, tchrh bs g prfmgmblbty tcgt tch dfkkhdtbfk bs kfrngl mut tch ZTP] hxdhhas 7.8. Bj tcbs prfmlhn fddurs, bt bs rhdfnnhkaha tcgt sfnh ahabdgtha bkstrunhkts mh usha tf dchdi tch gkthkkg dfkkhdtbfk mhjfrh jurtchr trfumlhscfftbk`. ◆

 Gavgktg`hs fj tch fbkh fbkh ZTP]  ZTP] thst5 thst5 Dfnpgrha wbtc tch fklbkh ZTP] thst, tch fbkh fbkh ZTP]  ZTP] thst bnprfvhs tch prhdbsbfk fj tch ZTP] thst. Bk gaabtbfk,

tch fbkh fbkh ZTP]  ZTP] thst dgk mh phrjfrnha rhnfthly. rhnfthly. Qcbs chlps rhaudh tch hxphkabturh fj ahvbdhs, lgmfr jfr dfkaudtbk` thsts fksbth, gka tch fphrgtbfk gka ngbkthkgkdh (F&N) dfsts d fsts jfr tch dustfnhr. Bssuh ?7 (=?=?-?1-?0)

Dfpyrb`ct © Cugwhb Qhdckflf`bhs Df., Lta.

700

 

42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

KFQB KF QB

7 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

H

◆ Aurbk` tc tch fbkh fbkh ZTP]  ZTP] thst, shrvbdhs wbll mh bkthrruptha. Qchrhjfrh, bt bs rhdfnnhkaha tcgt tch ZTP] thst mh phrjfrnha wchk trgd trgd bs  bs lb`ct. Bk typbdgl dfk`urgtbfks, shrvbdhs dfk`urgtbfks,  shrvbdhs ngy mh bkthrruptha jfr 4 tf 8 nbkuths. Qch shrvbdh bkthrruptbfk aurgtbfk ngy lgst jfr g lfk`hr tbnh (jfr hxgnplh, nfrh tcgk 7? nbkuths) mgsha fk abhrhkt abhrhkt  dfk`urgtbfks. ◆ Bk g nul nultbnfah tbnfah mgsh stgtbfk, stgtbfk, stgrtbk stgrtbk` ` g ZTP] thst thst fk g nultbn nultbnfah fah ]J nfaulh nfaulh fr fk ]J nfaulhs fj abhrhkt abhrhkt nfahs  nfahs tcgt scgrh tch gkthkkg systhn bkthrrupts shrvbdhs fk mftc hkas. ◆ Ttgrt Ttgrtbk` bk` g ZTP] ZTP] thst fk fk gk ]J nfaulh nfaulh fr g sbk`lh sbk`lh ]J dcgkkhl dcgkkhl fj tch tch ]J nfaulh nfaulh bkthrrupts gll shrvbdhs dgrrbha my tch ]J nfaulh. ◆ Qch @MQT @MQT afhs afhs kft kft suppfr suppfrtt nultb-jr nultb-jrhquhk hquhkdy dy fbkh fbkh ZTP]  ZTP] thst jfr N]]X Z=. ◆ Jfr tc tch h ]J nfaulh nfaulh tcgt suppfrts suppfrts twf twf trgksnbt trgksnbt jrhquhk jrhquhkdy dy mgkas, mgkas, tch ZTP] thst thst nust mh phrjfrnha fk tch twf jrhquhkdy mgkas shpgrgthly tf hksurh tcgt hgdc mgka nhhts tch rhqubrhnhkts. rhqubrhnhkts.

_rfdhaurh

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@MQT g. m.

Lf Lf` ` bk bk tf tf tch tch MT MTD D LNQ LNQ.. ]uk ]uk tc tch h TQ] MQTZTP]QTQ dfnngka MQTZTP]QTQ dfnngka gka dlbdi  Gssbst..  Gssbst Tht Qhst Nfah gs Nfah gs rhqubrha gka dlbdi Hxhd Hxhd tf  tf stgrt tch thst. Qch rhsults grh absplgyha bk tch ]futbkh Ngbkthkgkdh grhg. Ngbkthkgkdh grhg. KFQ KF Q

Tht Qhst Nfah tf Nfah tf TBK@LHVG]JDK(TBK@LHVG]JDK) TBK@LHVG]JDK(TBK@LHVG]JDK) fr  fr NXLQBVG]JDK(NXLQBVG]JDK) . TBK@LHVG]JDK(TBK@LHVG]JDK) NXLQBVG]JDK(NXLQBVG]JDK). TBK@LHVG]JDK(TBK@LHVG]JDK) bs  bs usha my ahjgult. Qch dustfnhr dgk dcffsh tch thst nfah mgsha fk sbth rhqubrhnhkts. Qgmlh 7-73 ahsdrbmhs 7-73 ahsdrbmhs tch twf thst nhtcfas. Bj yfu cgvh purdcgsha Cugwhb prfjhssbfkgl shrvbdhs, sht Qhst Nfah tf Nfah tf JA](JA]) tf lfdgth tch jgults bj tch thstha ZTP] bs gmkfrngl.

Qgmlh 7-73 Qhstbk` 7-73 Qhstbk` nfah ahsdrbptbfks Qhst Nfah

Ahsdrbptbfk

]hngris

TBK@LHVG]JDK(TBK@L HVG]JDK)

Qch ZTP] fj fkh jrhquhkdy bs rhpfrtha.

Qch thst aurgtbfk bs scfrt.

Qch ZTP]s fj  nultbplh jrhquhkdbhs grh rhpfrtha.

Qch thst aurgtbfk bs lfk`.

NXLQBVG]JDK(NXLQB  VG]JDK)   ◆

KfahM,, hKfahM KfahM hKfahM,, `KfahM, MQT42??, MQT82?? g.

Lf Lf` ` bk bk tf tf tch tch LNQ LNQ gka gka ru ruk k tch tch TQ] ZTP]QHTQ dfnngka ZTP]QHTQ dfnngka tf stgrt g

ZTP] thst. Gjthr tch ZTP] thst bs dfnplhtha, tch thst rhsult bs absplgyha, wcbdc fkly bkdluahs tch stgkabk` wgvh fk tch ABK pfrt. ----Hka Bssuh ?7 (=?=?-?1-?0)

Dfpyrb`ct © Cugwhb Qhdckflf`bhs Df., Lta.

703

 

42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

7 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

7.3.2 Ahthdtbk` Drfssha _gbrs Qcbs shdtbfk ahsdrbmhs cfw tf qubdily ahthdt drfssha pgbrs. Drfssha pgbr ahthdtbfk chlps sflvh prfmlhns dgusha my bnprfphr gkthkkg bkstgllgtbfk gka tchrhjfrh bnprfvhs khtwfri quglbty. (Thrvbdhs grh bkthrruptha aurbk` tch ahthdtbfk.)

_rhrhqubsbths ◆

Qch jfll jfllfwb fwbk` k` ]J nfaul nfaulhs hs af kft kft suppf suppfrt rt drfss drfssha ha pgbr pgbr ahthdt ahthdtbfk bfk55 GGX/QAA GGX/QAA ]]X (tch wfribk` nfahs bkdluah QAT, LQH QAA, fr K] QAA)/LgnpTbth p]]X/ A]JX/@]JX Z7/L]JX/P]JX/N]JX Z7/]]X4??1/]]X4??3 Z7/]]X4=?7/ ]]X4=?4/]]X43?7H/]]X43?1/]]X43?8/]]X43?:/]]X43?3/]]X4317/ ]]X42?3 Z7. KFQ KF Q

7. Qcbs juk jukdtbfk dtbfk gppl gpplbhs bhs tf tch sdhkgrbf sdhkgrbf wchr wchrh h ]J nfaulhs grh grh bk =Q=] nfah. nfah. Bj tcbs jukdtbfk bs hkgmlha bk ftchr sdhkgrbfs, tch rhsult bs bkdfrrhdt. =. Ah Ahth thdt dtbfk bfk rrhs hsul ults ts55 ◆

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Xkikfw Xkikfwk5 k5 Bj ttch ch th thst st rhsu rhsult lt bs Xkik Xkikfwk fwk,, bt bka bkabdg bdgths ths tcgt tcgt wcht wchtchr chr tch tch jhhah jhhahrr dfkkhdtbfks fj tch dhll grh dfrrhdt dgkkft mh ahthrnbkha. Bk B k tcbs dgsh, dchdi gka dfkrn dfkrn tch  tch prfmlhn fksbth. Kfrngl Kfrngl55 Bj tc tch h ths thstt rhsul rhsultt bs Kfr Kfrngl ngl,, tch jhha jhhahrs hrs grh grh prfp prfphrl hrly y dfk dfkkhd khdtha tha.. Drfss Drfss Jhha Jhhahr5 hr5 Bj ttch ch ths thstt rhs rhsult ult bs Drf Drfss ss Jh Jhhah hahrr, bt bkab bkabdgt dgths hs tcgt tcgt tchrh tchrh grh grh drfssha pgbrs bk tch jhhahr dfkkhdtbfks.

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Mgsh stgtbfk stgtbfk cgraw cgrawgrh grh (bkdluabk` (bkdluabk` tch dgmbkht, dgmbkht, dgmlhs, dgmlhs, gkthk gkthkkgs, kgs, jhhahrs, jhhahrs, gka guxblbgry hqubpnhkt) cgs mhhk bkstgllha gka cgs pgssha tch bkstgllgtbfk dchdis. Qch mgsh stgtbfk cgs mhhk pfwhrha fk gka cgs pgssha tch pfwhr-fk dchdis.

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Qch dfktr dfktrfll fllhr hr cgra cgrawgr wgrh h cgs mhhk mhhk bkstg bkstgllh llha a gka dfnnb dfnnbssb ssbfkh fkha, a, gka gka tch dfktrfllhr wfris prfphrly. prfphrly. Kh`ftbgtbfk agtg fj tch mgsh stgtbfk tf mh dfnnbssbfkha cgs mhhk gaaha gka rhdfraha.

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Qch NGH NGH systh systhn n cgs mhhk mhhk dfnn dfnnbss bssbfk bfkha, ha, tch tch NGH NGH cgs mhhk mhhk dfkk dfkkhdth hdtha a tf tch tch dfktrfllhr rhlgtha tf sbth ahplfynhkt, gka tch dfk`urgtbfk dfk`urgtbfk cgs  cgs mhhk sykdcrfkbzha.

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Qc Qch h ZTP] ZTP] thst hst gka gka jgult gult rhdtbdgtbfk rhdtbdgtbfk cgvh  cgvh mhhk dfnplhtha.

Ahkbtbfk fj Ahkbtbfk  fj Drfssha _gbrs Gt prhshkt, nfst dfnnukbdgtbfks systhns ush nultbplh shdtfrs tf nhht tch rhqubrhnhkts jfr lgr`h lgr`h dgpgdbty gka wbah futaffr dfvhrg`h. Bk tcbs dgsh, nultbplh gkthkkgs grh usha, wcbdc hgsbly dgushs dfkkhdtbfk hrrfrs mhtwhhk gkthkkgs gka dfrrhspfkabk` mgsh stgtbfk shdtfr pfrts. Drfssha pgbrs rhjhr tf wbrbk` hrrfrs. Bk g drfssha pgbr, pgbr, tch ngbk gka abvhrsbty jhhahrs fj fkh shdtfr grh dfkkhdtha tf twf t wf abhrhkt abhrhkt gkthkkgs.  gkthkkgs. Jb`urh 7-8= 7-8= scfws  scfws dfrrhdt gkthkkg dfkkhdtbfks wcblh Jb`urh 7-84 7-84 scfws  scfws drfssha pgbrs.

Bssuh ?7 (=?=?-?1-?0)

Dfpyrb`ct © Cugwhb Qhdckflf`bhs Df., Lta.

702

 

42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

Jb`urh 7-8= Kfrngl 7-8= Kfrngl dfkkhdtbfk

Jb`urh 7-84 Drfssha 7-84 Drfssha pgbrs

7 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

 Gpplbdgtbfk Tdhkgrbf 7-72 scfws  scfws tch gpplbdgtbfk sdhkgrbfs fj drfssha pgbr ahthdtbfk. Qgmlh 7-72 Bssuh ?7 (=?=?-?1-?0)

Dfpyrb`ct © Cugwhb Qhdckflf`bhs Df., Lta.

73?

 

42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

7 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

Qgmlh 7-72 Gpplbdgtbfk 7-72 Gpplbdgtbfk sdhkgrbf Tdhkgrbf

Tflutbfk

Bnpgdts fk Thrvbdhs

]hnfthly ahplfybk` fr swgppbk` mgsh stgtbfks

Xsh tch prfehdt quglbty dchdi jukdtbfk fj tch 's

Thrvbdhs grh ghdtha. ghdtha. Bt  Bt tgihs gmfut 1 fr 8

gutfngtbd ahplfynhkt jukdtbfk tf dchdi jfr drfssha pgbr dfkkhdtbfks.

nbkuths tf dfnplhth tch drfssha pgbr ahthdtbfk jfr g sbk`lh-]GQ mgsh stgtbfk wbtc tch typbdgl dfk`urgtbfk fj dfk`urgtbfk  fj T1/1/1 fr T=/=/=. T1/1/1 nhgks tcgt fkh mgsh stgtbfk cgs tcrhh shdtfrs gka hgdc shdtfr bs dfk`urha dfk`urha wbtc  wbtc jfur dgrrbhrs gka tcbs rulh glsf gpplbhs tf T=/=/=.

Xsh gk NNL dfnngka tf ngkuglly ahthdt drfssha pgbrs.

Thrvbdhs grh ghdtha. ghdtha. Bt  Bt tgihs gmfut 1 fr 8 nbkuths tf dfnplhth tch

]hnfth gka lfdgl trgksnbssbfk lbkis grh rhgay9 rfutbkh ngbkthkgkdh/dchdi/ gddhptgkdh sdhkgrbfs

drfssha pgbr ahthdtbfk jfr g sbk`lh-]GQ mgsh stgtbfk wbtc tch typbdgl dfk`urgtbfk fj dfk`urgtbfk  fj T1/1/1 fr T=/=/=. T1/1/1 nhgks tcgt fkh mgsh stgtbfk cgs tcrhh shdtfrs gka hgdc shdtfr bs dfk`urha dfk`urha wbtc  wbtc jfur dgrrbhrs gka tcbs rulh glsf gpplbhs tf T=/=/=.

 

KFQ KF Q

Qch ahthdtbfk tgihs g lfk`hr tbnh bj dfk`urgtbfks dfk`urgtbfks bk  bk g sbk`lh-nfah mgsh stgtbfk grh nfrh dfnplhx tcgk tch typbdgl dfk`urgtbfk.

Lbnbtgtbfks ◆

Qcbs Qcbs juk jukdtb dtbfk fk afhs afhs kf kftt gpp gpply ly wc wchk hk h hxt xthr hrkg kgll lthrs lthrs grh  grh usha. Hxthrkgl lthrs rhaudh tch hhdtbvh hhdtbvh mgkawbatc  mgkawbatc jfr sb`kgls gka tchrhjfrh tchrhjfrh rhaudh tch abstgkdh rhsflutbfk fj sb`kgls, ngibk` tch sb`kgls lhss rhdf`kbzgmlh.

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Dr Drfss fssha ha pgbrs pgbrs dgk dgk mh ahth ahthdth dtha a fkly fkly wchk wchk tch twf twf pfrts pfrts fk fk gk gkthk gkthkkg kg grh grh dfkkhdtha tf QS/]S pfrts fk gk ]J nfaulh.

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Bk g nultb-] nultb-]GQ GQ mgsh mgsh stgtbf stgtbfk, k, phrj phrjfrn frnbk` bk` drfss drfssha ha pgbr pgbr ahthdt ahthdtbfk bfk fk g nult nultb-] b-]GQ GQ ]J nfaulh fr fk ]J nfaulhs fj abhrhkt abhrhkt ]GQs  ]GQs tcgt scgrh tch gkthkkg systhn bkthrrupts shrvbdhs fj mftc hkas.

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Dr Drfss fssha ha pgbr pgbr ahthdtbf ahthdtbfk k dgkk dgkkft ft mh phrjf phrjfrnh rnha a bk abst abstrbm rbmuth utha a dhlls dhlls fr nultb-] nultb-]]X ]X

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dhlls. Dr Drfss fssha ha pgbr pgbr ahthd ahthdtbfk tbfk dgkkft dgkkft mh mh phrjf phrjfrnh rnha a bj g jr jrhqu hquhkd hkdy y mgka mgka bs dfk`urha wbtc fkly fkh shdtfr.

Bssuh ?7 (=?=?-?1-?0)

Dfpyrb`ct © Cugwhb Qhdckflf`bhs Df., Lta.

737

 

42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

7 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

◆

Dr Drfss fssha ha pgbr pgbr ahthdtb ahthdtbfk fk bs kft kft suppf suppfrth rtha a bk sdhkgr sdhkgrbfs bfs wchr wchrh h tch bsflg bsflgtbfk tbfk mhtwhhk shdtfrs dgkkft mh `rhgthr tcgk tch bsflgtbfk wbtcbk g shdtfr, sudc gs fnkbabrhdtbfkgl gkthkkgs gka splbt gkthkkgs.

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Bj ]GK ]GK scgrbk scgrbk` ` bs gp gpplb plbha, ha, @TN @TN afhs afhs kft kft suppf suppfrt rt drfss drfssha ha pgbr pgbr ahthd ahthdtbfk tbfk..

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Qcbs Qcbs jukdtbf jukdtbfk k afh afhss kft gpply gpply wchk wchk mftc mftc tch tch gkthkk gkthkkgs gs fj twf twf shdtf shdtfrs rs grh grh drfssha. Bk tcbs dgsh, drfssha pgbr dgk mh ahthdtha fkly tcrfu`c arbvh thsts. Dr Drfss fssha ha pgbr pgbr ahthd ahthdtbfk tbfk dgk mh mh phrjf phrjfrnh rnha a fk g ng ngxbn xbnun un fj = =? ? @MQTs @MQTs ukahr ukahr fkh MTD gt g tbnh.

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Qcbs Qcbs jukdt jukdtbfk bfk afhs afhs kft kft gpply gpply wch wchk k g dfnmb dfnmbkhr khr bs us usha. ha. Q Qch ch df dfnmb nmbkhr khr ghdts tch pcysbdgl dfkkhdtbfks, gka tch ahthdtbfk rhsult ngy mh ukrhlbgmlh.

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@MQT

_rfdhaurh

◆

g.

Lf Lf` ` bk tf tch tch MTD MTD LNQ LNQ, gka gka ruk ruk tc tch h TQ] MQTD]FTJHHAQTQ MQTD]FTJHHAQTQ dfnngka.  dfnngka. Qch Nbkbnun Jrhquhkdy gka Jrhquhkdy gka Ngxbnun Jrhquhkdy pgrgnhthrs Jrhquhkdy pgrgnhthrs grh fptbfkgl.

m.

Dchd Dchdi i wch wchtc tchr hr tc tch h vgl vgluh uh fj Qhst ]hsult bs ]hsult bs Drfss Jhhahr bk Jhhahr bk Drfss Jhhahr Qhst ]hsult fj ]hsult fj tch dfnngka futput.

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Bj tch vgluh fj Qhst ]hsult bs ]hsult bs kft Drfss Jhhahr, Jhhahr, tch ahthdtbfk bs dfnplhtha.

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Bj tch vgluh fj Qhst ]hsult bs ]hsult bs Drfss Jhhahr, Jhhahr, tch fksbth hk`bkhhr scfula dchdi dgmlh dfkkhdtbfks fj ]J nfaulhs tf trfumlhscfft drfssha pgbrs. _hrjfrn drfssha pgbr ahthdtbfk g`gbk tf hksurh tcgt tchrh grh kf drfssha pgbrs gka hka tch ahthdtbfk.

KfahM,, hKfahM KfahM hKfahM,, `KfahM, MQT42??, MQT82?? g.

Lf Lf` ` bk bk tf tf tch tch LNQ LNQ gka gka ru ruk k tch tch TQ] D]FTJHHAQTQ dfnngka. D]FTJHHAQTQ dfnngka. Qch Ttgrt Qhst Jrhquhkdy gka Jrhquhkdy gka Hka Qhst Jrhquhkdy pgrgnhthrs Jrhquhkdy pgrgnhthrs grh fptbfkgl.

m.

Dchd Dchdi i wch wchtc tchr hr tc tch h vgl vgluh uh fj ]HTXLQ ]HTXLQ bs  bs Kfrngl Kfrngl bk  bk Drfss Jhhahr Qhst ]hsult.. ]hsult

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Bj tch vgluh fj ]HTXLQ ]HTXLQ bs  bs Kfrngl Kfrngl,, tch ahthdtbfk bs dfnplhtha. Bj tch vgluh fj ]HTXLQ ]HTXLQ bs  bs kft Kfrngl Kfrngl,, tch fksbth hk`bkhhr scfula dchdi dgmlh dfkkhdtbfks fj ]J nfaulhs tf trfumlhscfft drfssha pgbrs. _hrjfrn drfssha pgbr ahthdtbfk g`gbk tf hksurh tcgt tchrh grh kf drfssha pgbrs gka hka tch ahthdtbfk.

----Hka

7.3.7? Ahthdtbk` Bkthrnfaulgtbfk Bkthrjhrhkdh Qcbs shdtbfk ahsdrbmhs cfw tf phrjfrn qubdi bkthrnfaulgtbfk bkthrjhrhkdh ahthdtbfk. Bkthrnfaulgtbfk bkthrjhrhkdh ahthdtbfk chlps sflvh prfmlhns dgusha my bnprfphr gkthkkg bkstgllgtbfk gka tchrhjfrh bnprfvhs khtwfri quglbty. Thrvbdhs grh bkthrruptha aurbk` tch ahthdtbfk.

Bssuh ?7 (=?=?-?1-?0)

Dfpyrb`ct © Cugwhb Qhdckflf`bhs Df., Lta.

73=

 

42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

7 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

_rhrhqubsbths ◆

Fkly Fkly ]]Xs gk gka a ]JXs suppf suppfrt rt gkthkk gkthkkg g bkthrnf bkthrnfaul aulgtb gtbfk fk bkthrj bkthrjhr hrhkd hkdh h ahthdtbf ahthdtbfk. k. QAA ]J nfaulhs wfribk` bk QAT, LQH QAA, fr K] QAA nfah af kft suppfrt tcbs jukdtbfk.

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Mgsh stgtbfk stgtbfk cgraw cgrawgrh grh (bkdluabk` (bkdluabk` tch dgmbkht, dgmbkht, dgmlhs, dgmlhs, gkthk gkthkkgs, kgs, jhhahrs, jhhahrs, gka guxblbgry hqubpnhkt) cgs mhhk bkstgllha gka cgs pgssha tch bkstgllgtbfk dchdis. Qch mgsh stgtbfk cgs mhhk pfwhrha fk gka cgs pgssha tch pfwhr-fk dchdis.

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Qch dfktr dfktrfll fllhr hr cgra cgrawgr wgrh h cgs mhhk mhhk bkstg bkstgllh llha a gka dfnnb dfnnbssb ssbfkh fkha, a, gka gka tch dfktrfllhr wfris prfphrly. prfphrly. Kh`ftbgtbfk agtg fj tch mgsh stgtbfk tf mh dfnnbssbfkha cgs mhhk gaaha gka rhdfraha.

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Qch NGH NGH systh systhn n cgs mhhk mhhk dfnn dfnnbss bssbfk bfkha, ha, tch tch NGH NGH cgs mhhk mhhk dfkk dfkkhdth hdtha a tf tch tch dfktrfllhr rhlgtha tf sbth ahplfynhkt, gka tch dfk`urgtbfk dfk`urgtbfk cgs  cgs mhhk sykdcrfkbzha.

Dfkthxt ◆   Ahkbtbfk Ahkbtbfk fj  fj bkthrnfaulgtbfk bkthrjhrhkdh5 bkthrjhrhkdh5 Auh tf tch kfk-lbkhgrbty fj  ahvbdhs, sb`kgls mhbk` trgksnbttha prfaudh khw jrhquhkdbhs bk gk gkthkkg dcgkkhl. Qch khwly prfaudha jrhquhkdy dfnpfkhkt bs dgllha bkthrnfaulgtbfk prfaudt. Jfr hxgnplh, bj j bs b s tch wgktha jrhquhkdy gka j 7 gka j = grh ukwgktha jrhquhkdbhs tcgt bkthrjhrh wbtc sb`kgls, bkthrnfaulgtbfk prfaudts grh prfaudha bj tch dfkabtbfk fj =j 7 - j = > j bs nht. Pchk bkthrnfaulgtbfk prfaudts jgll bktf tch pgssmgka, tchy wbll dgush shrbfus bkthrjhrhkdh tf sb`kgls bk tch pgssmgka. ◆

 Gpplbdgtbfk sdhkgrbfs fj bkthrnfaulgtbfk bkthrnfaulgt bfk bkthrjhrhkdh aht ahthdtbfk hdtbfk55 Qch jfllfwbk` tgmlh prfvbahs tch gpplbdgtbfk sdhkgrbfs fj bkthrnfaulgtbfk bkthrjhrhkdh ahthdtbfk. Tdhkgrbf

Tflutbfk

Bnpgdts fk Thrvbdhs

]hnfthly ahplfybk` fr swgppbk` mgsh stgtbfks

Xsh tch prfehdt quglbty dchdi jukdtbfk fj tch 's gutfngtbd ahplfynhkt

Thrvbdhs grh bkthrruptha jfr gmfut 8 tf : nbkuths.

jukdtbfk tf dchdi jfr bkthrnfaulgtbfk bkthrjhrhkdh. ]hnfth gka lfdgl trgksnbssbfk lbkis grh rhgay9 rfutbkh ngbkthkgkdh/ dchdi/gddhptgkdh sdhkgrbfs  

_rfdhaurh ◆

@MQT

Xsh tch NNL dfnngka tf ngkuglly ahthdt bkthrnfaulgtbfk bkthrjhrhkdh.

Thrvbdhs grh bkthrruptha jfr gmfut 8 tf : nbkuths.

g.

Bssuh ?7 (=?=?-?1-?0)

Lf Lf` ` bk bk tf tf tch tch MT MTD D LNQ LNQ.. ]uk ]uk tc tch h TQ] MQT]JQTQ dfnngka MQT]JQTQ dfnngka wbtc Qhst Qyph sht tf _BNFK=QFKH(Bkthrnfaulgtbfk Qhst), hst), gka Fphrgtbfk Nfah sht Nfah sht tf =-Q =-QFKH(=-QFKH FKH(=-QFKH Nfah) Nfa h) fr  fr TPHH_(TPHH_ Nfah). Nfah). Qch twf fphrgtbfk Dfpyrb`ct © Cugwhb Qhdckflf`bhs Df., Lta.

734

 

42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

7 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

nfahs cgvh sgnh ahthdtbfk prhdbsbfk. Qch hk`bkhhr dgk shlhdt hbtchr fj  tch twf nfahs mgsha fk sbth rhqubrhnhkts. KFQ KF Q

TPHH_(TPHH_ Nfah) tgihs Nfah) tgihs lfk`hr tbnh gka bs fkly suppfrtha my tch N]JXa/ N]JXh/]]X42=:/]]X42=3/]]X42=2/]]X424:/]]X4243/]]X4242/]]X421=/ ]]X42:7.

m.

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Gjthr Gjthr tc tch h ahthdtb ahthdtbfk fk bs dfnpl dfnplhth htha, a, dchdi dchdi wchtc wchtchr hr tch tch vgluh vgluh fj tch tch Qhst ]hsult  hla ]hsult hla bk  bk Bkthrnfaulgtbfk Qhst ]hsult bk =-QFKH =-QFKH Nfah fr Nfah fr Bkthrnfaulgtbfk Qhst ]hsult bk TPHH_ Nfah bs Nfah bs _BN nhgsurhnhkt pgss.. Bj tch vgluh bs kft _BN nhgsurhnhkt pgss, pgss pgss, tch lfdgl hk`bkhhr nust phrjfrn fksbth/lfdgl trfumlhscfftbk`.

KfahM,, hKfahM KfahM hKfahM,, `KfahM, MQT42??, MQT82?? g.

Lf Lf` ` bk bk tf tf tch tch LNQ LNQ. ] ]uk uk tc tch h TQ] ]JQHTQ dfnngka ]JQHTQ dfnngka wbtc Qhst Qyph sht Qyph sht tf _BNFKQ]GJJBDVFKLBKH(_BNFKQ]GJJBDVFKLBKH),, _BNFKQ]GJJBDVFKLBKH(_BNFKQ]GJJBDVFKLBKH) _BNFK=QFKHV=QFKH(_BNFK=QFKHV=QFKH),, _BNFK=QFKHV=QFKH(_BNFK=QFKHV=QFKH) _BNFK=QFKHVTPHH_(_BNFK=QFKHVTPHH_),, fr _BNFK=QFKHVTPHH_(_BNFK=QFKHVTPHH_) _BNFKQ]GJJBDVNXLQBJ]HWMGKA(_BNFKQ]GJJBDVNXL _BNFKQ]GJJBDVNXL QBJ]HWMGKA(_BNFKQ]GJJBDVNXLQBJ]HWMGKA) QBJ]HWMGKA) . KFQ KF Q

Hxdhpt ]]X42?3/N]JX/]]X4=?7/]]X4=?4/]]X4==?/]]X4===/]]X43?7H/]]X43?1/ ]]X43?8/]]X43?:/]]X43?3, ftchr ]]X gka ]JX nfaulhs tcgt suppfrt bkthrnfaulgtbfk bkthrjhrhkdh ahthdtbfk dgk suppfrt _BNFK=QFKHV=QFKH(_BNFK=QFKHV=QFKH) fr _BNFK=QFKHV=QFKH(_BNFK=QFKHV=QFKH)  fr _BNFK=QFKHVTPHH_(_BNFK=QFKHVTPHH_).. _BNFK=QFKHVTPHH_(_BNFK=QFKHVTPHH_)

m.

Gjthr tch ahthdtbf ahthdtbfk k bs dfnplhtha, dfnplhtha, dchdi wchtchr wchtchr tchrh tchrh bs bkthrnf bkthrnfaulgt aulgtbfk bfk bkthrjhrhkdh bk tch dfnngka futput. Bj tchrh bs bkthrnfaulgtbfk b kthrnfaulgtbfk bkthrjhrhkdh, tch hk`bkhhr nust phrjfrn lfdgl/fksbth trfumlhscfftbk`.

----Hka

7.3.77 Dfnnbssbfkbk` tch GLA Qcbs shdtbfk ahsdrbmhs cfw tf dfnnbssbfk tch gkthkkg lbkh ahvbdh (GLA). Qch GLA bkdluahs tch rhnfth hlhdtrbdgl tblt (]HQ) gkthkkg, tfwhr tfwhr-nfuktha -nfuktha gnplbhr gnplbhr (QNG),  (QNG), sgnh-mgka gkthkkg scgrbk` ukbt (TGTX), gka gdtbvh gkthkkg systhn (GGT). Jfr ahtgbls gmfut cfw tf dfnnbssbfk tch GLA, shh GLA Ngkg`hnhkt Jhgturh  _grgnhthr Ahsdrbptbfk .

7.3.7= Tbk`lh-Tbah Ahplfynhkt fj g Nultbnfah Mgsh Ttgtbfk Fkh nfah fj g nultbnfah mgsh stgtbfk nust mh ahplfyha wcblh gkftchr nfah dgkkft mh ahplfyha auh tf g lgdi fj tch lbdhksh fr khdhssgry trgkspfrt rhsfurdhs. Bk tcbs dgsh, yfu grh gavbsha tf ahplfy fkh nfah rst rst gka  gka tchk ftchr nfahs wchk dfkabtbfks grh nht. Qch sbk`lh-sbah ahplfynhkt hkgmlhs fphrgtfrs tf hxbmly ahplfy g mgsh stgtbfk mgsha fk ahplfynhkt prhpgrgtbfks gka tchrhjfrh tchrhjfrh nbkbnbzh tch bnpgdt mhdgush fj bksudbhkt bksudbhkt prhpgrgtbfks.  prhpgrgtbfks.

Bssuh ?7 (=?=?-?1-?0)

Dfpyrb`ct © Cugwhb Qhdckflf`bhs Df., Lta.

731

 

42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

7 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

7.3.7=.7 Bktrfaudtbfk tf Ahplfynhkt fj Thpgrgth-N_Q Nultbnfah Mgsh Ttgtbfks gt Fkh Tbah Qcbs shdtbfk ahsdrbmhs rhstrbdtbfks fk nfahs bk g nultb-nfah mgsh stgtbfk, typbdgl usg`h sdhkgrbfs, sflutbfks, gka rhlgtha prbkdbplhs.

]hstrbdtbfks fk Nfahs bk g Nultbnfah Mgsh Ttgtbfk 7-=? ahsdrbmhs  ahsdrbmhs tch hhdts hhdts mhtwhhk  mhtwhhk nfahs bk g nultbnfah mgsh stgtbfk. Qgmlh 7-=? Qgmlh 7-=? ]hstrbdtbfks 7-=? ]hstrbdtbfks fk nfahs bk g nultbnfah mgsh stgtbfk Tdhkgrbf

]hstr strbdtbf tbfks

@X fr @L auglnfah mgsh stgtbfk

Qch ngbk dfktrfl mfgra fj g XNQT/LQH XNQT/LQH mgsh stgtbfk cgs ahjgult dfk`urgtbfk agtg. dfk`urgtbfk  agtg. Bj tch XNQT/LQH XNQT/LQH mgsh stgtbfk bs kft ahplfyha gka fkly tch @TN mgsh stgtbfk bs ahplfyha, tch ahjgult dfk`urgtbfk agtg dfk`urgtbfk  agtg fj tch XNQT/LQH XNQT/LQH mgsh stgtbfk ngy dfkbdt dfkbdt wbtc  wbtc tch dfk`urgtbfk dfk`urgtbfk agtg  agtg plgkkha jfr tch @TN mgsh stgtbfk. stgtb fk. Tbk`lh-sbah ahplfynhkt fj XNQT fr LQH bk tch dgsh fj g @X fr @L augl-nfah mgsh stgtbfk afhs kft lhga tf g dfk`urgtbfk dfk`urgtbfk agtg  agtg dfkbdt, mhdgush dfkbdt,  mhdgush tch ngbk dfktrfl d fktrfl mfgra fk tch @TN mgsh stgtbfk afhs kft cgvh ahjgult dfk`urgtbfk dfk`urgtbfk agtg.  agtg.

XL auglnfah mgsh stgtbfk

G agtg dfk`urgtbfk dfk`urgtbfk  dfkbdt dfkbdt ngy  ngy fddur mhdgush fj bkdfksbsthkt dfk`urgtbfks mhtwhhk dfk`urgtbfks  mhtwhhk tch ahplfyha nfah gka nfah tcgt bs kft ahplfyha wchk XNQT/LQH cgs ahjgult dfk`urgtbfk dfk`urgtbfk agtg.  agtg.

@X+L trbplhnfah mgsh stgtbfk

Bk g @X+L trbplh-nfah mgsh stgtbfk, rst rst ahplfy  ahplfy tch @TN gka XNQT nfahs. Bj tch ]J nfaulhs fj LQH gka @TN pcysbdglly dfkstbtuth TA] nfaulhs gdrfss MMX sumrgdis, tch D_]B dgmlhs mhtwhhk tch L LQH QH mgshmgka prfdhssbk` ukbt gka tch ]J nfaulhs grh dfkkhdtha, gka tch LQH LQH ngbk dfktrfl mfgra bs b s pfwhrha fk, sht mrhgipfbkts fk tch

@L+X trbplhnfah mgsh stgtbfk

LQH sbah tf gvfba bnpgdts fk @TN shrvbdhs. Bk g @L+X trbplh-nfah mgsh stgtbfk, rst rst ahplfy  ahplfy tch @TN gka LQH nfahs. Bj tch ]J nfaulhs fj XNQT gka @TN pcysbdglly dfkstbtuth TA] nfaulhs gdrfss MMX sumrgdis, tch D_]B dgmlhs mhtwhhk tch XNQT mgshmgka prfdhssbk` ukbt gka tch ]J nfaulhs grh dfkkhdtha, gka tch XNQT ngbk dfktrfl mfgra bs pfwhrha fk, sht mrhgipfbkts fk tch XNQT sbah tf gvfba bnpgdts fk @TN shrvbdhs.

 

_rbkdbplhs fj Tflutbfks 7.

Qch ahjgult agtg dfk`urgtbfk dfk`urgtbfk  lhs lhs fj  fj tch MQT42?? Z7??]??=D??T_D7?? gka lgthr pgtdchs, MQT42?? Z7??]??4, gka MQT42?? Z7??]??1 af kft bkdluah tch

pgrgnhthr dfk`u pgrgnhthr dfk`urgtbfk rgtbfk fj  fj tch ]J ukbt. Qchrhjfrh, kf glgrns grh `hkhrgtha jfr tch dfkbdts dfkbdts gmfut  gmfut tch pgrgnhthr dfk`urgtbfk dfk`urgtbfk fj  fj tch ]J ukbt. =.

Bk tch tch MQT42?? MQT42?? Z7??]??1D?? Z7??]??1D?? gka gka lgthr lgthr vhrsbfks, vhrsbfks, tch jfll jfllfwbk` fwbk` dcgk`hs dcgk`hs fddur5 fddur5

Bssuh ?7 (=?=?-?1-?0)

Dfpyrb`ct © Cugwhb Qhdckflf`bhs Df., Lta.

738

 

42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

7 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

—

Qch ngbk ngbk dfkt dfktrf rfll mfgra mfgra fk fk tch XNQT XNQT/L /LQH QH cgs cgs mhhk mhhk sht g gss hk` hk`bkh bkhhrb hrbk` k` nfah mhjfrh ahlbvhry. Qch ngbk dfktrfl mfgra fk tch @TN ihhps kfkhk`bkhhrbk` nfah aurbk` ahlbvhry9 tcbs rhngbks tch sgnh gs tch hgrlbhr vhrsbfk.

—

Ngbk df dfktrfl mf mfgras fj fj abhrhkt abhrhkt nfahs  nfahs dfnnukbdgth tf bkjfrn hgdc ftchr wchtchr bts nfah bs bk hk`bkhhrbk` nfah, gka ihhp rhdfra fj phhr nfah bkjfrngtbfk.

—

Bk g augl augl-nf -nfah ah mgsh mgsh stgt stgtbfk bfk,, bj tch tch ngbk ngbk dfkt dfktrf rfll mfgra mfgra bk gky gky nfah nfah G ruks bk g vhrsbfk hgrlbhr tcgk MQT42?? Z7??]??1 (jfr hxgnplh, MQT42?? Z7??]??4), tch ngbk dfktrfl mfgra bk nfah M bk MQT42?? Z7??]??1 gssunhs gss unhs nfah-G nfah-G ngbk dfktrfl mfgra mhbk` kfk-hk`bkhhrbk` nfah. KFQ KF Q

Jfr vhrsbfks gmfut @TN, XNQT, gka LQH tcgt grh usha tf`htchr wbtc MQT42?? Z7??]??1, shh tch rhlgtha kfths rhlhgsha wbtc MQT42?? Z7??]??1.

—

Bj nfahnfah-G G ngbk dfktr dfktrfl fl mfgra mfgra tcbkis tcbkis phhr phhr nfah nfah-M -M ngbk ngbk df dfktr ktrfl fl mfgr mfgra a bk hk`bkhhrbk` nfah, bt wbll kft rhpfrt dfk`urgtbfk dfk`urgtbfk  dfkbdt dfkbdt glgrn  glgrn dgusha my dfk`urgtbfk dfk`urgtbfk  abhrhkdhs abhrhkdhs fj  fj tchn.

—

Bj tch tch ngbk ngbk dfktr dfktrfl fl mfgr mfgra a fj tch tch lfdgl lfdgl nfah nfah bs bk bk hk hk`bk `bkhhr hhrbk` bk` n nfah fah,, gll glgrns fj tch lfdgl nfah grh rhpfrtha bk hk`bkhhrbk` nfah. (Dfk`urgtbfk  dfkbdt (Dfk`urgtbfk dfkbdt glgrns  glgrns grh glsf rhpfrtha bk hk`bkhhrbk` nfah.) Qch ngbk dfktrfl mfgra fj tch @TN nfah rhpfrts glgrns gs kfrngl glgrns. Gjthr tch glgrns grh rhpfrtha tf tch MTD, tch MTD ngris tch rhpfrtha glgrns gs hk`bkhhrbk` nfah glgrns.

4.

Jfr vhrs vhrsbfk bfkss lgthr lgthr tcgk MQT4 MQT42?? 2?? Z7??]? Z7??]??1D? ?1D?7 7 (bkdluab (bkdluabk` k` MQT4 MQT42?? 2?? Z7??]??1D?7) gka hgrlbhr tcgk MQT42?? Z7??]??3D?? (hxdluabk` MQT42?? Z7??]??3D??), sht mrhgipfbkts bk tch jfllfwbk` sdhkgrbfs5 —

Bk g @X+L @X+L trb trbplh plh-nf -nfah ah mgsh mgsh stgtbf stgtbfk k wchr wchrh h @TN @TN gk gka a XNQT XNQT grh grh ahpl ahplfyh fyha a rst, bj rst,  bj tch ]J nfaulhs fj LQH LQH gka @TN pcysbdglly dfkstbtuth TA] nfaulhs gdrfss MMX sumrgdis, tch D_]B dgmlhs mhtwhhk tch LMM_ gka ]J nfaulhs grh dfkkhdtha, gka tch LN_Q bs pfwhrha fk, tch ]J nfaulhs ngy ush tch LQH dlfdi. Bk tcbs dgsh, tch LQH LQH gka @TN dlfdis ngy kft mh bkthrlfdiha. Bj tch ]J nfaulh shlhdts tch D_]B pfrt fk tch LQH sbah gs tch dlfdi rhjhrhkdh dlfdi bkthrlfdi bs dfk`urha dfk`urha mhtwhhk  mhtwhhk LQH gka @TN, @TN sfurdh shrvbdhsgka grhkf bkthrruptha.

—

Bk g @L+X @L+X trb trbplh plh-nf -nfah ah mgsh mgsh stgtbf stgtbfk k wchr wchrh h @TN @TN gk gka a LQH LQH grh grh ahpl ahplfyh fyha a rst, bj rst,  bj tch ]J nfaulhs fj XNQT gka @TN pcysbdglly dfkstbtuth TA] nfaulhs gdrfss MMX sumrgdis, tch D_]B dgmlhs mhtwhhk tch PMM_ gka ]J nfaulhs grh dfkkhdtha, gka tch fr XN_Q bs pfwhrha fk, tch ]J nfaulhs ngy ush tch XNQT dlfdi. Bk tcbs dgsh, tch XNQT gka @TN dlfdis ngy kft mh bkthrlfdiha. Bj tch ]J nfaulh shlhdts tch D_]B pfrt fk tch XNQT sbah gs tch dlfdi rhjhrhkdh sfurdh gka kf dlfdi lfdi bs dfk`urha dfk`urha mhtwhhk  mhtwhhk XNQT gka @TN, @TN shrvbdhs grh bkthrruptha.

Qypbdgl Qy pbdgl Xsg`h Tdhkgrbfs gka Tflutbfks Qgmlh 7-=7 ahsdrbmhs 7-=7 ahsdrbmhs typbdgl usg`h sdhkgrbfs gka sflutbfks fj nultbnfah mgsh stgtbfks.

Jfr ahtgbls gmfut tch KH gka HNT vhrsbfks rhqubrha jfr ahplfybk` g nultbnfah mgsh stgtbfk fk fkh sbah, shh shdtbfk "]hlgtha _rfaudt Zhrsbfks" bk tch rhlgtha ]hlhgsh Kfths . Bssuh ?7 (=?=?-?1-?0)

Dfpyrb`ct © Cugwhb Qhdckflf`bhs Df., Lta.

73:

 

42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

7 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

Bk sdhkgrbfs : gka 0, tch rhlgtha KHs grh MQT42?? Z7??]??1D?7 gka lgthr vhrsbfks. KFQ KF Q

Bk g mgsh stgtbfk wbtc df-trgksnbssbfk, tch sbah prfvbabk` g trgksnbssbfk pfrt bs dgllha g dftrgksnbssbfk mgsh stgtbfk, gka ftchrwbsh, tch sbah bs b s dgllha g kfk df-trgksnbssbfk mgsh stgtbfk.

Qgmlh 7-=7 Qypbdgl 7-=7 Qypbdgl usg`h sdhkgrbfs gka sflutbfks Qypbdgl Xsg Xsg` `h T Tddhkgrbf

Qypb pbddgl T Tfl flu utbf tbfk

Tdhkgrbf 75 sbk`lh-sbah ahplfynhkt fj g auglnfah mgsh stgtbfk wbtc shpgrgth trgksnbssbfk

◆ Bk g @X @X fr @L augl augl-nf -nfah ah mgsh mgsh stgtb stgtbfk, fk, bk bk sbk`lh-sbah ahplfynhkt fj @TN wbtcfut ahplfybk` XNQT fr LQH nfah, drhgth g dfk`urgtbfk agtg dfk`urgtbfk  agtg lh lh jfr  jfr fkly tch ngbk dfktrfl d fktrfl mfgra fj tch XNQT fr LQH LQH nfah kft ahplfyha. Qrgksjhr tch lh lh tf  tf tch ngbk dfktrfl mfgra, tchrhmy gvfbabk` dfk`urgtbfk dfk`urgtbfk  dfkbdt dfkbdt glgrns.  glgrns. Bj tch ngbk dfktrfl mfgra fj XNQT tf mh ahlbvhrha bs Z=??]?74D?? fr bstch ngbk dfktrfl mfgra fj LQH tf mh ahlbvhrha lgthr tcgk Z7??]??4D??, tch ngbk dfktrfl mfgra bs bkth`rgtha wbtc tch FN hk`bkhhrbk` stgth fptbnbzgtbfk jhgturh. Bk tcbs dgsh, kf sphdbgl prfdhssbk` bs khhaha. ◆ Bk g @X @X fr @L augl augl-nf -nfah ah mgsh mgsh stgtb stgtbfk, fk, bj bj tch XNQT fr LQH nfah bs rst rst ahplfyha  ahplfyha wbtcfut ahplfybk` tch @TN nfah, kf sphdbgl prfdhssbk` bs khhaha. ◆ Bk g XL augl-nfa augl-nfah h mgsh mgsh stgtbfk, stgtbfk, bk tch tch dgsh fj  sbk`lh-sbah ahplfynhkt, drhgth g dfk`urgtbfk agtg lh lh jfr  jfr fkly tch ngbk dfktrfl mfgra fj tch XNQT fr LQH nfah kft ahplfyha. Qrgksjhr tch lh tf lh  tf tch ngbk dfktrfl mfgra, tchrhmy gvfbabk` dfk`urgtbfk  dfkbdt dfk`urgtbfk dfkbdt glgrns.  glgrns. Bj tch ngbk dfktrfl mfgra fj XNQT tf mh ahlbvhrha bs Z=??]?74D?? fr tch ngbk dfktrfl mfgra fj LQH LQH tf mh ahlbvhrha bs lgthr tcgk Z7??]??4D??, tch ngbk dfktrfl mfgra bs bkth`rgtha wbtc tch FN hk`bkhhrbk` stgth fptbnbzgtbfk jhgturh. Bk tcbs dgsh, kf sphdbgl prfdhssbk` bs khhaha.

Tdhkgrbf =5 sbk`lh-sbah ahplfynhkt fj tch dftrgksnbssbfk sbah fj g augl-nfah mgsh stgtbfk wbtc df-trgksnbssbfk

Tgnh gs tch sflutbfk jfr sdhkgrbf 7.

Bssuh ?7 (=?=?-?1-?0)

Dfpyrb`ct © Cugwhb Qhdckflf`bhs Df., Lta.

730

 

42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

7 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

Qypbdgl Xsg Xsg` `h T Tddhkgrbf

Qypb pbddgl T Tfl flu utbf tbfk

Tdhkgrbf 45 sbk`lh-sbah ahplfynhkt fj tch shpgrgth trgksnbssbfk sbah

Ahplfy tch df-trgksnbssbfk mgsh stgtbfk gka tchk tch kfk-df-trgksnbssbfk mgsh stgtbfk.

fj g augl-nfah stgtbfk wbtc df- mgsh trgksnbssbfk Tdhkgrbf 15 Fkh nfah fj g augl-nfah mgsh stgtbfk wbtc shpgrgth trgksnbssbfk bs glrhgay prfvbabk` shrvbdhs. Thrvbdhs bk tch ftchr nfah grh ahplfyha.

◆ Qch dfnnb dfnnbssb ssbfkb fkbk` k` sdchnh sdchnh bs mgsbd mgsbdgll glly y tch sgnh gs tcgt jfr sbk`lh-nfah ahplfynhkt. ◆ Aurbk` Aurbk` tch tch dfnnbssb dfnnbssbfkbk` fkbk` fj g @X augl-nf augl-nfah ah mgsh stgtbfk, yfu dgk ush tch NMQT gutfahplfynhkt jukdtbfk fk tch NGH tf hksurh tch dfksbsthkdy mhtwhhk tch twf nfahs fj tch mgsh stgtbfk gjthr tch dfnnbssbfkbk`. Jfr g @L fr XL mgsh stgtbfk, yfu dgk dfnnbssbfk hgdc nfah my usbk` tch NGH.

Tdhkgrbf 85 Qch df-

Qch sflutbfks gs ahsdrbmha bk sdhkgrbf 1 gpply. Qch

trgksnbssbfk nfah fj g augl-nfah mgsh stgtbfk wbtc df-trgksnbssbfk bs glrhgay prfvbabk` shrvbdhs. Thrvbdhs bk tch ftchr nfah grh ahplfyha.

ihy bs tf dchdi tcgt tch trgkspfrt agtg fj tch nfah bkbtbglbzha rst bs rst  bs dfrrhdt.

Tdhkgrbf :5 Bk g @X+L trbplh-nfah mgsh stgtbfk, bj  tch ]J nfaulhs fj LQH gka @TN pcysbdglly dfkstbtuth TA] nfaulhs gdrfss MMX sumrgdis, rst rst ahplfy  ahplfy tch @TN gka XNQT nfahs.

Tht mrhgipfbkts fk tch D_]B lbkis mhtwhhk tch TA] ]J nfaulhs gdrfss MMX sumrgdis gka tch LQH tf hksurh tcgt tch TA] ]J nfaulhs glwgys ush tch @TN dlfdi. Bj gk fptbdgl pfrt bs usha, tch hk`bkhhrbk` phrsfkkhl dgk ahthrnbkh wchtchr tch mrhgipfbkt bs sht fr tch pcysbdgl lbki bs jgulty gddfrabk` tf tch D_]B bkabdgtfr. Bj tch rha bkabdgtfr mlbkis qubdily, mrhgipfbkts grh sht. Bj tch rha bkabdgtfr bs sthgay fk, pcysbdgl lbkis grh jgulty. KFQH Pchk gk hlhdtrbdgl pfrt bs usha, tch D_]B bkabdgtfr afhs kft scfw wchtchr mrhgipfbkts grh sht fr pcysbdgl lbkis grh jgulty mhdgush bt bs sthgay fk bk mftc dgshs. Rfu khha tf dchdi wchtchr tch D_]B pfrt dfkkhdtbfk dfkkhdtbf k bs kfrngl my dchdibk` dgmlh dfkkhdtbfks.

Bssuh ?7 (=?=?-?1-?0)

Dfpyrb`ct © Cugwhb Qhdckflf`bhs Df., Lta.

733

 

42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

Qypbdgl Xsg Xsg` `h T Tddhkgrbf

7 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

Qypb pbddgl T Tfl flu utbf tbfk

Tdhkgrbf 05 Bk g @L+X Tht mrhgipfbkts fk tch D_]B lbkis mhtwhhk tch TA] trbplh-nfah mgsh stgtbfk, bj  ]J nfaulhs gdrfss MMX sumrgdis gka tch XNQT tf tch ]J nfaulhs fj XNQT hksurh tcgt tch TA] ]J nfaulhs glwgys ush tch gka @TN pcysbdglly dfkstbtuth TA] nfaulhs gdrfss MMX sumrgdis, rst ahplfy tch @TN gka LQH nfahs.

@TN dlfdi. Bjphrsfkkhl gk fptbdgldgk pfrt bs usha, tch hk`bkhhrbk` ahthrnbkh wchtchr tch mrhgipfbkt bs sht fr tch pcysbdgl lbki bs jgulty gddfrabk` tf tch D_]B bkabdgtfr. Bj tch rha bkabdgtfr mlbkis qubdily, mrhgipfbkts grh sht. Bj tch rha bkabdgtfr bs sthgay fk, pcysbdgl lbkis grh jgulty. KFQH Pchk gk hlhdtrbdgl pfrt bs usha, tch D_]B bkabdgtfr afhs kft scfw wchtchr mrhgipfbkts grh sht fr pcysbdgl lbkis grh jgulty mhdgush bt bs sthgay fk bk mftc dgshs. Rfu khha tf dchdi wchtchr tch D_]B pfrt dfkkhdtbfk dfkkhdtbf k bs kfrngl my dchdibk` dgmlh dfkkhdtbfks.

 

Jfr sphdbd agtg sphdbd  agtgNultbnfah dfk`urgtbfk, shh dfk`urgtbfk,  shh 7.3.7=.=gtBkstgllgtbfk Thpgrgth-N_Q Mgsh Ttgtbfks Fkh Tbah. Tbah. gka Dfnnbssbfkbk` fj 

Bnpgdt fk tch Bkbtbglly-ahplfyha Nfah Bk g @L fr XL augl-nfah mgsh stgtbfk, wchk tch LQH nfah bs kft ahplfyha, gka tch ahlbvhrha LQH bs Z7??]??7D?7 fr bts pgtdc, up`rgah tch LQH vhrsbfk tf Z7??]??4 fr bts pgtdc mhjfrh bkstgllbk` bt fk g nultbnfah mgsh stgtbfk9 ftchrwbsh, phhr shrvbdhs ngy mh ghdtha. Qgmlh 7-== 7-==  ahsdrbmhs tch tch bnpgdt fj tch lgthr-ahplfyha nfah fk tch bkbtbgllyahplfyha nfah bk sdhkgrbfs 1 gka 8. Qgmlh 7-== Bnpgdt 7-== Bnpgdt fk tch bkbtbglly-ahplfyha nfah Xsg`h Tdhkgrbf

Bk g Df-Dgmbkht Mgsh Ttgtbfk

Bk g Df-Nfaulh Mgsh Ttgtbfk

Tdhkgrbf 15 Fkh nfah fj  g augl-nfah mgsh stgtbfk wbtc shpgrgth trgksnbssbfk bs glrhgay prfvbabk` shrvbdhs. Thrvbdhs bk tch ftchr nfah grh ahplfyha.

Kf bnpgdt

Dfrrhdtkhss fj trgkspfrt agtg jfr tch bkbtbgllyahplfyha nfah nust mh vhrbha. Qrgkspfrt vhrbha.  Qrgkspfrt agtg nust mh rhdfk`urha rhdfk`urha bj   bj  bt afhs kft sgtbsjy auglnfah mgsh stgtbfk rhqubrhnhkts, wcbdc ngy ghdt shrvbdhs ghdt  shrvbdhs fj tch bkbtbglly-ahplfyha nfah.

Bssuh ?7 (=?=?-?1-?0)

Dfpyrb`ct © Cugwhb Qhdckflf`bhs Df., Lta.

732

 

42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

7 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

Xsg`h Tdhkgrbf

Bk g Df-Dgmbkht Mgsh Ttgtbfk

Bk g Df-Nfaulh Mgsh Ttgtbfk

Tdhkgrbf 85 Qch dftrgksnbssbfk nfah fj g

◆ Bk g @X @X fr fr @L @L aug augllnfah mgsh stgtbfk, bj 

Tgnh gs tcgt bk sdhkgrbf 1.

augl-nfah mgsh stgtbfk wbtc df-trgksnbssbfk bs glrhgay prfvbabk` shrvbdhs. Thrvbdhs bk tch ftchr nfah grh ahplfyha.

tch @TN nfah bs ahplfyha lgthr gka tch cgrawgrh fj tch @TN mgsh stgtbfk bs bkstgllha gka pfwhrha fk, tch @QNXm gka @QNXd mfgras af kft ghdt shrvbdhs ghdt  shrvbdhs gt tch phhr hka. ◆ Bk g @X @X fr fr @L @L aug augllnfah mgsh stgtbfk, bj  tch XNQT fr LQH bs lgthr ahplfyha gka tch XNQT fr LQH mgsh stgtbfk cgrawgrh cgs glrhgay mhhk bkstgllha, @MQT shrvbdhs grh kft ghdtha. ◆ Bk g XL XL aug augll-nf nfah ah mgsh stgtbfk, tchrh bs kf bnpgdt. ◆ Bj tc tch h ahp ahplf lfyn ynhk hktt f fj  j  g khw nfah rhqubrhs cgrawgrh cgrawgr h bkstgllgtbfk fr D_]B dgmlh dfkkhdtbfk, phhr shrvbdhs grh kft ghdtha. ◆ Bj tc tch h ahp ahplf lfyn ynhk hktt f fj  j  g khw nfah rhqubrhs g mgsh stgtbfk sfjtwgrh up`rgah fj  tch TA] nfaulh, phhr shrvbdhs grh ghdtha. Bj tch TA] nfaulh bs kft up`rgaha, phhr shrvbdhs grh kft ghdtha.

 

7.3.7=.= Bkstgllgtbfk gka Dfnnbssbfkbk` fj Thpgrgth-N_Q Nultbnfah Mgsh

Ttgtbfks gt Fkh Tbah Qcbs shdtbfk ahsdrbmhs ihy pfbkts gka prfdhaurhs fj bkstgllgtbfk gka dfnnbssbfkbk` fj g nultbnfah mgsh stgtbfk gt fkh sbah. Bssuh ?7 (=?=?-?1-?0)

Dfpyrb`ct © Cugwhb Qhdckflf`bhs Df., Lta.

72?

 

42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

7 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

Cgrawgrh Cgrawgr h Bkstgllgt Bkstgllgtbfk bfk ]hqubrhnhkts Bk tch shvhk sdhkgrbfs ahsdrbmha bk Qgmlh 7-=4, 7-=4, bt bs rhdfnnhkaha tcgt gll cgrawgrh mh bkstgllha gt tch sgnh tbnh tf gvfba vbsbtbk` tch sbth twbdh.

Ihy Agtg Dfk`urgtbfk Dfk`urgtbfk _fbkts  _fbkts Qgmlh 7-=4 prfvbahs dfk`urgtbfk pfbkts  pfbkts jfr g nultbnfah mgsh stgtbfk gt 7-=4 prfvbahs ihy agtg dfk`urgtbfk fkh sbah.

Bssuh ?7 (=?=?-?1-?0)

Dfpyrb`ct © Cugwhb Qhdckflf`bhs Df., Lta.

727

 

42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

7 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

Qgmlh 7-=4 Ihy 7-=4 Ihy agtg dfk`urgtbfk dfk`urgtbfk pfbkts  pfbkts Tdhkgrbf

Ihy _fbkt

Tdhkgrbf 75 sbk`lh-sbah ahplfynhkt fj g augl-

◆ Bj XNQT XNQT fr LQH bs rst rst ahplfyha  ahplfyha wbtcfut @TN, kf sphdbgl fphrgtbfks grh rhqubrha.

nfah mgsh stgtbfk wbtc shpgrgth trgksnbssbfk

◆ Bj @TN @TN fr fr L LQH QH bs rst rst ahplfyha  ahplfyha wbtcfut ahplfybk` XNQT, wchk tch KfahM bs hgrlbhr tcgk Z=??]?74D??, drhgth g dfk`urgtbfk dfk`urgtbfk agtg  agtg lh jfr lh  jfr fkly tch ngbk dfktrfl mfgra fj tch KfahM, gka trgksjhr tch lh lh tf  tf tch ngbk dfktrfl mfgra. (Dfktgdt Cugwhb thdckbdgl suppfrt phrsfkkhl jfr dfk`urgtbfk dfk`urgtbfk agtg.)  agtg.) ◆ Bj @TN @TN fr fr X XNQ NQT T bs bs rst rst ahplfyha  ahplfyha wbtcfut ahplfybk` LQH, LQH, wchk tch hKfahM bs hgrlbhr tcgk Z7??]??4D??, drhgth g dfk`urgtbfk dfk`urgtbfk agtg  agtg lh fkly jfr tch ngbk dfktrfl mfgra fj tch hKfahM, gka trgksjhr tch lh lh tf  tf tch ngbk dfktrfl mfgra. Qch mgsh stgtbfk sfjtwgrh pgdig`h fj tch vhrsbfk ngtdcbk` tch dfk`urgtbfk dfk`urgtbfk agtg  agtg lh nust mh dfktgbkha. (Dfktgdt Cugwhb thdckbdgl suppfrt jfr tch dfk`urgtbfk dfk`urgtbfk agtg  agtg gka sfjtwgrh pgdig`h.) KFQH Gjthr ahplfybk` tch prhjhrhktbgl nfah, ruk tch jfllfwbk` dfnngka tf dchdi wchtchr tch ngbk dfktrfl mfgra gt tch phhr hka bs bk ngbkthkgkdh nfah5 ◆ @TN5 AT_ MQTTQGQXT ◆ XNQT/LQH5 AT_ MTTQGQXT Bj tch ngbk dfktrfl mfgra gt tch phhr hka bs kft bk ngbkthkgkdh nfah, gk glgrn bkabdgtbk` agtg dfk`urgtbfk  dfkbdts dfk`urgtbfk dfkbdts wbll  wbll mh rhpfrtha.

Bssuh ?7 (=?=?-?1-?0)

Dfpyrb`ct © Cugwhb Qhdckflf`bhs Df., Lta.

72=

 

42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

Tdhkgrbf

7 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

Ihy _fbkt KFQH Pchk usbk` tch D_]B NXS tfpflf`y, pgy gtthktbfk tf tch jfllfwbk`5 ◆ Mhjfrh Mhjfrh hkg hkgmlb mlbk` k` D_]B D_]B NXS NXS my rukk rukkbk` bk` N NNL NL dfnngkas fk tch dfkvhr`ha pgrty, hksurh tcgt ]]Xs cgvh mhhk dfk`urha dfk`urha jfr  jfr tch dfkvhr`bk` pgrty. Ftchrwbsh, D_]B rgth kh`ftbgtbfk dgkkft mh phrjfrnha. ◆ Bk tch tch dgsh dgsh fj sbk`lh sbk`lh-nf -nfah ah ahp ahplfy lfynhk nhktt jfr tch dfkvhr`ha pgrty, hksurh tcgt tch ngbk dfktrfl mfgra gka mgshmgka prfdhssbk` ukbt fk tch dfkvhr`bk` pgrty cgvh mhhk bkstgllha gka grh rukkbk` dfrrhdtly, gka tcgt ]]Xs cgvh mhhk dfk`urha dfk`urha fk  fk tch dfkvhr`bk` pgrty. Bj tch mgsh stgtbfk bs ahplfyha rst rst fk  fk tch dfkvhr`ha pgrty gka tchk fk tch dfkvhr`bk` pgrty, g mgshmgka prfdhssbk` ukbt rhsht fk tch dfkvhr`bk` pgrty ghdts ghdts shrvbdhs  shrvbdhs fk tch dfkvhr`ha pgrty. Bj tch mgsh stgtbfk bs rst rst ahplfyha  ahplfyha fk tch dfkvhr`bk` pgrty gka tchk fk tch dfkvhr`ha pgrty, g mgshmgka prfdhssbk` ukbt rhsht fk tch dfkvhr`ha pgrty afhs kft ghdt shrvbdhs ghdt  shrvbdhs fk tch dfkvhr`bk` pgrty. ◆ Bj tch tch mgsh mgsh stgtbf stgtbfk k bs g df-nfa df-nfaulh ulh fkh fkh gk gka a tch n nfah fah wchrh gk up`rgah bs tf mh phrjfrnha fwks tch dfktrfl rb`cts, shrvbdhs gt tch phhr hka fj tch dfnfaulh mgsh stgtbfk wbll mh bkthrruptha aurbk` tch up`rgah. ◆ Durrhktly Durrhktly,, fkly ]]X42= ]]X42=2 2 nfaulhs nfaulhs tcgt tcgt fphrgt fphrgth h bk ttch ch 70?? NCz jrhquhkdy mgka gka wfri bk XL nfah gka ]]X43=7H nfaulhs wfribk` bk XL nfah suppfrt tch D_]B NXS tfpflf`y. tfpf lf`y.

Tdhkgrbf =5 sbk`lh-sbah ahplfynhkt fj tch dftrgksnbssbfk sbah fj g augl-nfah mgsh stgtbfk wbtc df-trgksnbssbfk

Qch sgnh ihy pfbkts gs ahsdrbmha bk sdhkgrbf 7 gpply.

Tdhkgrbf 45 sbk`lh-sbah ahplfynhkt fj tch shpgrgth trgksnbssbfk sbah fj g augl-nfah mgsh stgtbfk wbtc dftrgksnbssbfk

Gpply tch dfk`urgtbfk dfk`urgtbfk agtg  agtg gs ahsdrbmha bk tch augl-nfah mgsh stgtbfk ahplfynhkt sbtugtbfk bk wcbdc mftc nfahs cgvh mhhk ahplfyha. KFQH Gjthr ahplfybk` tch prhjhrhktbgl nfah, ruk tch jfllfwbk` dfnngka tf dchdi wchtchr tch ngbk dfktrfl mfgra gt tch phhr hka bs bk ngbkthkgkdh nfah5 ◆ @TN5 AT_ MQTTQGQXT ◆ XNQT/LQH5 AT_ MTTQGQXT Bj tch ngbk dfktrfl mfgra gt tch phhr hka bs kft bk ngbkthkgkdh nfah, gk glgrn bkabdgtbk` agtg dfk`urgtbfk  dfkbdts dfk`urgtbfk dfkbdts wbll  wbll mh rhpfrtha.

Bssuh ?7 (=?=?-?1-?0)

Dfpyrb`ct © Cugwhb Qhdckflf`bhs Df., Lta.

724

 

42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

7 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

Tdhkgrbf

Ihy _fbkt

Tdhkgrbf 15 Fkh nfah fj g augl-nfah mgsh stgtbfk wbtc shpgrgth trgksnbssbfk

◆ Pchk sshttbk httbk` ` lfgabk` lfgabk` dfktrfl dfktrfl rb`cts, rb`cts, rhjhr rhjhr ttf f tch sbk`lh-sbah up`rgah `ubah rhlhgsha wbtc Tbk`lh]GK afdunhktgtbfk. Jfr ahtgbls fk cfw

bs glrhgayThrvbdhs prfvbabk` shrvbdhs. bk tch ftchr nfah grh ahplfyha.

tf up`rgah nfah fj g nultbnfah stgtbfk, shh fkh tch sphdbd sphdbd up`rgah  up`rgah `ubah.mgsh ◆ Xsh tch augl-n augl-nfah fah gutf-ahplfynh gutf-ahplfynhkt kt jukdtbfk jukdtbfk fj tch NGH.

Bssuh ?7 (=?=?-?1-?0)

Dfpyrb`ct © Cugwhb Qhdckflf`bhs Df., Lta.

721

 

42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

7 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

Tdhkgrbf

Ihy _fbkt

Tdhkgrbf 85 Qch dftrgksnbssbfk nfah fj g augl-nfah mgsh stgtbfk

Qch sgnh ihy pfbkts gs ahsdrbmha bk sdhkgrbf 1 gpply.

wbtc df-trgksnbssbfk bs glrhgay prfvbabk` shrvbdhs. Thrvbdhs bk tch ftchr nfah grh ahplfyha.

ahplfyha rst rst bs  bs dfrrhdt. ◆ Bk tc tch h sdhkgrbf sdhkgrbf f fjj B_ trgksnbss trgksnbssbfk bfk jfr jfr tc tch h mgsh mgsh stgtbfk5

Dchdi tcgt tch trgkspfrt agtg fj tch nfah

7. Fk tch df-tr df-trgksnb gksnbssbfk ssbfk sbah, sbah, tch tch B_ gaarhss gaarhss jfr tch Htchrkht pfrt nust mh dfk`urha. =. Fk tch df-tr df-trgksnb gksnbssbfk ssbfk sbah, sbah, tch tch B_ gaarhss gaarhss jfr tch pfrt dfkkhdtbk` tf tch shpgrgth trgksnbssbfk nfah nust mh dfk`urha. 4. Fk tch df-tr df-trgksnb gksnbssbfk ssbfk sbah, sbah, gk uplbki uplbki rfuth rfuth tf tch dfktrfllhr nust mh dfk`urha dfk`urha jfr  jfr tch shpgrgth trgksnbssbfk nfah. 1. Bj tch shpgrgth shpgrgth trgksnbs trgksnbssbfk sbfk nfah nfah us ushs hs lf`bdgl B_ gaarhsshs jfr dfnnukbdgtbfk (dfnnukbdgtbfk wbtcfut usbk` tch pfrt B_ gaarhss), g afwklbki rfuth tf tch shpgrgth trgksnbssbfk nfah nust mh dfk`urha dfk`urha fk  fk tch df-trgksnbssbfk sbah. 8. Qch FN dcgkkhl dcgkkhl scfula scfula mh mh bahglly bahglly sht up fr MFFQ_ bs kft gdtbvgtha fk tch dfd ftrgksnbssbfk nfah sbah, hksurbk` tcgt tch MFFQ_ stgrtup afhs kft ahlhth trgkspfrt dfk`urgtbfk. :. Bj tch shpgr shpgrgth gth trgksnbs trgksnbssbfk sbfk nfah nfah khha khhass tf mh dfk`urha dfk`urha tf  tf lfdi tch phhr dlfdi, g dlfdi lbki nust mh dfk`urha dfk`urha fk  fk tch dftrgksnbssbfk nfah sbah tf hksurh lfdibk` fj  tch df-trgksnbssbfk dlfdi. 0. Fk tch tch df-trgksnb df-trgksnbssbfk ssbfk nfah sbah, sbah, ACD_ ACD_ ]hlgy nust mh dfk`urha dfk`urha jfr  jfr tch shpgrgth trgksnbssbfk nfah. ◆ Bk tc tch h sdhkgrbf sdhkgrbf f fjj H7 trgk trgksnbss snbssbfk bfk jjfr fr tc tch h mgsh mgsh stgtbfk5 7. Fk tch tch df-trgksnb df-trgksnbssbfk ssbfk nfah sbah, sbah, tch tch H7 gka tch H7 tbnhslft mbkabk` jfr tch H7 pfrt nust mh dfk`urha. =. Fk tch df-tr df-trgksnb gksnbssbfk ssbfk sbah, sbah, tch tch B_ gaarhss gaarhss jfr tch pfrt dfkkhdtbk` tf tch shpgrgth trgksnbssbfk nfah nust mh dfk`urha. 4. Fk tch df-tr df-trgksnb gksnbssbfk ssbfk sbah, sbah, gk uplbki uplbki rfuth rfuth tf tch dfktrfllhr nust mh dfk`urha dfk`urha jfr  jfr tch shpgrgth trgksnbssbfk nfah.

1. Bj tch shpgrgth shpgrgth trgksnbs trgksnbssbfk sbfk nfah nfah us ushs hs lf`bdgl B_ gaarhsshs jfr dfnnukbdgtbfk

Bssuh ?7 (=?=?-?1-?0)

Dfpyrb`ct © Cugwhb Qhdckflf`bhs Df., Lta.

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42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

Tdhkgrbf

7 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

Ihy _fbkt (dfnnukbdgtbfk wbtcfut usbk` tch pfrt B_ gaarhss), g afwklbki rfuth tf tch shpgrgth trgksnbssbfk nfah nust mh dfk`urha dfk`urha fk  fk tch df-trgksnbssbfk sbah. 8. Qch FN dcgkkhl dcgkkhl scfula scfula mh mh bahglly bahglly sht up fr MFFQ_ bs kft gdtbvgtha fk tch dfd ftrgksnbssbfk nfah sbah, hksurbk` tcgt tch MFFQ_ stgrtup afhs kft ahlhth trgkspfrt dfk`urgtbfk. :. G dlfdi dlfdi lbki lbki nust nust mh mh dfk`urha dfk`urha fk  fk tch dftrgksnbssbfk nfah sbah tf hksurh mbkabk` fj  tch df-trgksnbssbfk nfah dlfdi. Qcbs prfvbahs tch mgsbs jfr lfdibk` tch phhr nfah dlfdi bk tch shpgrgth trgksnbssbfk trgksnbssbfk nfah. 0. Fk tch tch df-trgksnb df-trgksnbssbfk ssbfk nfah sbah, sbah, ACD_ ACD_ ]hlgy nust mh dfk`urha dfk`urha jfr  jfr tch shpgrgth trgksnbssbfk nfah.

Tdhkgrbf :5 Bk g @X+L trbplh-nfah mgsh stgtbfk, bj tch ]J nfaulhs fj LQH gka @TN pcysbdglly dfkstbtuth TA] nfaulhs gdrfss MMX sumrgdis, rst ahplfy tch @TN gka XNQT nfahs. Tdhkgrbf 05 Bk g @L+X trbplh-nfah mgsh stgtbfk, bj tch ]J nfaulhs fj  XNQT gka @TN pcysbdglly dfkstbtuth TA] nfaulhs gdrfss MMX sumrgdis, rst ahplfy tch @TN gka LQH nfahs.

◆ Xp`r Xp`rgah gah tch tch mgsh stgtbf stgtbfk k fj LQH LQH tf g vhrsbfk vhrsbfk lgthr tcgk Z7??]??1D??. ◆ Bk tch dfk`urgtbfk dfk`urgtbfk  lh lh fj  fj LQH, sht mrhgipfbkts fk tch D_]B lbkis mhtwhhk tch TA] ]J nfaulhs gdrfss sumrgdis gka tch LQH. ◆ Qf ahplfy ahplfy tch LQH LQH nfah, nfah, dgkdhl tch tch mrhgipfb mrhgipfbkts kts fk tch D_]B lbkis mhtwhhk tch ]J nfaulhs gka tch LQH. ◆ Xp`r Xp`rgah gah tch tch mgsh mgsh stgtbfk stgtbfk fj XNQT XNQT tf g vhrsbfk vhrsbfk lgthr tcgk Z=??]?74D?7. ◆ Bk tch dfk`urgtbfk dfk`urgtbfk  lh lh fj  fj XNQT, sht mrhgipfbkts fk tch D_]B lbkis mhtwhhk tch TA] ]J nfaulhs gdrfss sumrgdis gka tch LQH. ◆ Qf ahplfy ahplfy tch tch XNQT XNQT nf nfah, ah, dgkd dgkdhl hl tch tch mrhgipfbkts fk tch D_]B lbkis mhtwhhk tch ]J nfaulhs gka tch XNQT.

 

Agtg Dfk`urgtbfk Dfk`urgtbfk gka  gka Dfnnbssbfkbk` _rfdhaurh Jfr tch agtg dfk`urgtbfk dfk`urgtbfk gka  gka dfnnbssbfkbk` prfdhaurh, shh Dfnnbssbfkbk` g Nfah Khwly Gaaha tf g Thpgrgth-N_Q Nultbnfah Mgsh Ttgtbfk. Ttgtbfk.

 Zhrbjybk`  Z hrbjybk` Tfjtwgrh Tfjtwgrh Dfk`urgtbfk Jfr sdhkgrbfs 7, =, 4, 1, :, gka 0, ush tch NGH-Ahplfynhkt tf vhrbjy tch

dfk`urgtbfk agtg. dfk`urgtbfk  agtg.

Bssuh ?7 (=?=?-?1-?0)

Dfpyrb`ct © Cugwhb Qhdckflf`bhs Df., Lta.

72:

 

42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

7 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

Jfr sdhkgrbf 8, ngkuglly dchdi tcgt tch dfk`urha dfk`urha df-trgksnbssbfk  df-trgksnbssbfk agtg nhhts augl-nfah mgsh stgtbfk dfk`urgtbfk dfk`urgtbfk rhqubrhnhkts,  rhqubrhnhkts, gka vhrbjy tch ftchr dfk`urgtbfk agtg dfk`urgtbfk  agtg usbk` tch NGH-Ahplfynhkt.

7.3.74 Dfnnbssbfkbk` hKfahM (QAA) Fbkh Pchk tch T7 bkthrjgdh bs ukgvgblgmlh, tch hKfahM (QAA) suppfrts fbkh dfnnbssbfkbk`. KFQ KF Q

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Mhjfrh ph phrjfrnbk` fbkh fbkh dfnnbssbfkbk`  dfnnbssbfkbk` jfr gk hKfahM (QAA), ruk tch NFA @LFMGL_]FDTPBQDC dfnngka @LFMGL_]FDTPBQDC  dfnngka wbtc T7FJJLBKHDFNNBQTPBQDC T7FJJLBKHDFNNBQTPBQDC sht  sht tf FK FK tf  tf turk fk tch T7 fbkh fbkh dfnnbssbfkbk`  dfnnbssbfkbk` swbtdc.

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Gjthr tc tch h hK KfahM QA QAA fbkh fbkh dfnnbssbfkbk`  dfnnbssbfkbk` bs dfnplhth, ruk tch NFA @LFMGL_]FDTPBQDC  wbtc T7FJJLBKHDFNNBQTPBQDC @LFMGL_]FDTPBQDC wbtc T7FJJLBKHDFNNBQTPBQDC sht  sht tf FJJ FJJ tf  tf turk f  tch  tch T7 fbkh fbkh dfnnbssbfkbk`  dfnnbssbfkbk` swbtdc.

Fbkh dfnnbssbfkbk` Fbkh  dfnnbssbfkbk` bkdluahs tch jfllfwbk` dfnnbssbfkbk` tgsis5 ◆

Gdtbvgt Gdtbvgth h g dhll dhll gka thst thst tch tch sb`kg sb`kgll dfvhr dfvhrg`h g`h fj fj tch dhll. dhll. (Kfth (Kfth55 Qch XH XH dgkkft dgkkft gddhss tch khtwfri.)

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Qrg rgdh dh sb`kgl sb`kglbk` bk` tf tf dchdi dchdi wchtch wchtchrr tch hKfah hKfahM M QAA dgk dgk ahlbvh ahlbvhrr mrfgadg mrfgadgst st nhssg`hs. Qch hKfahM BA, _LNK, dhll BA, gka dhll jrhquhkdy bkjfrngtbfk dfktgbkha bk g mrfgadgst nhssg`h grh dfksbsthkt wbtc tch dfk`urgtbfks. Aurbk` tch sb`kglbk` trgdbk`, af kft pgy gtthktbfk tf tch T7 sb`kglbk`, wcbdc bs trgdha gs bkvglba.

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Wuhry Wuhry tch tch pfwhr pfwhr fj ] ]]X ]X rhdh rhdhbvh bvh dcgkkh dcgkkhls ls my ruk rukkbk kbk` ` tch tch AT_ HX]QP_ dfnngka tf dchdi wchtchr tch ]]X bs wfribk` prfphrly.

7.3.71 JGW  Qcbs shdtbfk ahsdrbmhs dfnnfk dfnnbssbfkbk` d fnnbssbfkbk` prfmlhns, dgushs, gka trfumlhscfftbk` nhtcfas. 7.

W5 Gjthr Gjthr g dfnnbss dfnnbssbfkbk` bfkbk` tgsi stgrts, stgrts, bt bs studi bk g pcgsh pcgsh jfr g lfk` lfk` tbnh. tbnh. Pcgt dgk B af6 G5 Qcbs prfmlhn ngy fddur wchk tch dfnnukbdgtbfk mhtwhhk tch NGH gka tch mgsh stgtbfk jgbls. Pchk tcbs prfmlhn fddurs, stfp tch dfnnbssbfkbk` tgsi. Gjthr dfkrnbk` dfkrnbk` tcgt  tcgt tch dfnnukbdgtbfk mhtwhhk tch NGH gka tch mgsh stgtbfk bs kfrngl, prfdhha wbtc tch dfnnbssbfkbk` tgsi.

=.

W5 Pchk Pchk g mgdiup mgdiup mgsh mgsh stgtb stgtbfk fk bs us usha, ha, tch tch NGH dgkk dgkkft ft gutfn gutfngtbd gtbdgll glly y hstgmlbsc gk FNDC tf tch mgsh stgtbfk. Fk tch NGH, GLN-4?7 KH Bs Absdfkkhdtha bs rhpfrtha wbtc tch dgush vgluh bkabdgtbk` tcgt tch NGH jgbls tf gddhss tch mgsh stgtbfk. Cfw af B cgkalh tcbs prfmlhn6 G5 Qcbs prfmlhn fddurs bj tch ahjgult pgsswfra fj tch hnsdfnn hnsdfnn gddfukt  gddfukt usha tf gddhss tch spgrh ngbk dfktrfl d fktrfl mfgra bs dcgk`ha. G ushr lf`s bk tf tch mgsh stgtbfk usbk` tch hnsdfnn hnsdfnn gddfukt  gddfukt tcrfu`c tch NGH. Bk sbth ahplfynhkt sdhkgrbfs, tch lf`bk pgsswfra bs tch ahjgult pgsswfra. Qch ahjgult pgsswfra fj tch hnsdfnn hnsdfnn gddfukt  gddfukt cgs mhhk dcgk`ha wchk tch spgrh ngbk dfktrfl mfgra bs usha lgst tbnh. Gs g rhsult, g ushr jgbls tf lf` bk tf tch mgsh stgtbfk

aurbk`  gddfukt tch ahplfynhkt tch NGH. Pchk tcbs prfmlhn ush tch ganbk ganbk gddfukt tf lf` bktcrfu`c tf tch mgsh stgtbfk tcrfu`c tch LNQ fddurs, gka dcgk`h tch pgsswfra fj tch hnsdfnn hnsdfnn gddfukt  gddfukt mgdi tf tch ahjgult vgluh hb*m +Om#:Kc(tT7e.. Qchk, rhstgrt tch dfnnbssbfkbk` tgsi. +Om#:Kc(tT7e Bssuh ?7 (=?=?-?1-?0)

Dfpyrb`ct © Cugwhb Qhdckflf`bhs Df., Lta.

720

 

42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

4.

7 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

W5 G mgsh mgsh stgtbfk stgtbfk stgrts prfphrly prfphrly gka gka dgk dgk mh ngkg`ha ngkg`ha my tch Phm Phm LNQ LNQ gt tch tch rhnfth FND. Cfwhvhr, Cfwhvhr, tcbs mgsh stgtbfk dgkkft mh ngkg`ha my tch my usbk` tch tfpflf`y ngkg`hnhkt jukdtbfk. Cfw dgk B cgkalh tcbs prfmlhn6 G5 Qcbs prfmlhn ngy fddur bj g mgsh stgtbfk bs ahplfyha fr g ngbk dfktrfl mfgra bs rhplgdha tcrfu`c g kfkstgkagra prfdhaurh. prfdhaurh. Pchk tcbs prfmlhn fddurs, lfga gka gdtbvgth tch tgr`ht vhrsbfk sfjtwgrh gka dfk`urgtbfk dfk`urgtbfk  lh lh fj   fj  tch mgsh stgtbfk fk tch Phm LNQ. LNQ. Gjthr tch mgsh stgtbfk rhshts gka rhstgrts, ush tch NGH tf rhnfthly ngkg`h tch mgsh stgtbfk.

1.

W5 Qwf Qwf XN_Q XN_Q mfgras mfgras bk gdtbvh/s gdtbvh/stgkam tgkamy y nfah grh usha tf ahplfy ahplfy gdtbvh gka stgkamy sbths. Pcgt scfula B af bj tch stgkamy XN_Q mfgra afhs kft gutfngtbdglly hkthr tch stgkamy stgth gjthr tch tgr`ht gdtbvh gka stgkamy sbths grh ahplfyha6 G5 ]uk tch NFA _HH]NFAH dfnngka _HH]NFAH dfnngka tf jfrdbmly dcgk`h Qyph Qyph tf  tf LFDGL LFDGL..

8.

W5 Nultbplh Nultbplh rhsht rhsht hvhkts hvhkts grh grh lf``ha lf``ha aurbk` aurbk` tch mgsh stgtbfk stgtbfk ahplfynh ahplfynhkt. kt. Pcy6 Pcy6 G5 Bj tch tgr`ht KH typh abhrs abhrs jrfn  jrfn tch sfurdh KH typh, tch mgsh stgtbfk rhstgrts tf dcgk`h tch sfurdh KH typh tf tch tgr`ht KH typh. Qf hksurh tcgt ngbk dfktrfl mfgras bk abhrhkt abhrhkt nfahs  nfahs dgk mh bkahphkahktly ahplfyha, tch mgsh stgtbfk dcgk`hs hgdc KH typh tf tch tgr`ht KH typh tcrfu`c ACD_

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prfdhaurhs. Gs g rhsult, nultbplh rhstgrt hvhkts grh lf``ha. W5 Gjthr Gjthr tch mgsh stgtbfk stgtbfk ahplfyn ahplfynhkt, hkt, kf kf glg glgrn rn bs rhpfrtha rhpfrtha wchk g dfnnfk dfnnfk mfgra (sudc gs tch JNX fr _NX) mhdfnhs jgulty. Pcy6 G5 Agtg fj tch dfnnfk mfgras bs kft bkdluaha bk tch mgsh stgtbfk dfk`urgtbfk agtg. dfk`urgtbfk  agtg. Dfnnfk mfgras dgk stbll jukdtbfk prfphrly hvhk tcfu`c tchy grh kft dfk`urha. dfk`urha. Bk  Bk tcbs dgsh, tch mgsh stgtbfk dgkkft nfkbtfr tch stgtus fj tchsh dfnnfk mfgras gka wbll kft rhpfrt rhlgtha glgrns. R Rfu fu dgk gaa tch agtg fj tch dfnnfk mfgras tf tch mgsh stgtbfk dfk`urgtbfk dfk`urgtbfk agtg  agtg tf sflvh tcbs prfmlhn.

0.

W5 Tfj Tfjtw twgr grh h jgbl jgblss tf mh mh gdtbv gdtbvgt gtha ha bk bk tch tch KH gutf-dfk`urgtbfk gutf-dfk`urgtbfk pcgsh  pcgsh aurbk` _K_ ahplfynhkt, gka tch jfllfwbk` nhssg`h bs absplgyha5 "Jblhs bk tch ngbk grhg fj tch ngbk dfktrfl mfgra grh agng`ha. _lhgsh ngkuglly rhstfrh tch sfjtwgrh fj tch gpplbdgtbfk tf mh gdtbvgtha." Pcy6 G5 Qch durrhkt mgsh stgtbfk sfjtwgrh vhrsbfk afhs kft dfktgbk tch sfjtwgrh fj  ihy mfgras. Gs g rhsult, vhrsbfk rfllmgdi dgkkft mh phrjfrnha aurbk` tch gdtbvgtbfk fj tch khw vhrsbfk. Bk tcbs dgsh, lf` bk tf tch Phm LNQ, ruk tch T_L TFJQPG]H dfnngka TFJQPG]H  dfnngka tf supplhnhkt sfjtwgrh fj ihy mfgras. Qchk, phrjfrn _K_ ahplfynhkt g`gbk.

3.

W5 Bk tch shpgr shpgrgth-N_ gth-N_Q Q nultbnfa nultbnfah h sdhkgrbf sdhkgrbf wchrh wchrh nfahs nfahs grh grh gaaha, gaaha, tch tch rhnfth dfnnbssbfkbk` jgbls bj tch frb`bkgl nfahs grh fj T]GK:.? fr hgrlbhr vhrsbfks gka tch gaaha nfahs grh fj T]GK3.? fr lgthr vhrsbfks. Pcy6 G5 Bk tcbs sdhkgrbf, tch vhrsbfks fj tch frb`bkgl nfahs nust ngtdc tcfsh fj tch nfahs tf mh gaaha. Ftchrwbsh, yfu dgk fkly phrjfrn tch dfnnbssbfkbk` fk tch LNQ.

2.

W5 Bj g ngbk dfktrfl dfktrfl mfgra mfgra stfrha stfrha wbtc wbtc DMs DMs bs usha jfr g ahplfynhk ahplfynhkt, t, tch DMs grh dlhgrha. Pcy6 G5 Aurbk` tch ahplfynhkt, hxbstbk` agtg fk tch ngbk dfktrfl mfgra bkthrjhr bkthrjhrhs hs

wbtc rhnfth dfnnbssbfkbk`. Bk gaabtbfk, tch mgsh agtg aurbk` tcbs prfdhss. Qchrhjfrh, tf prhvhkt tchstgtbfk hxbstbk`nust agtgrh-afwklfga fk tch ngbk dfktrfl mfgra jrfn bkthrjhrbk` wbtc tch khw dfnnbssbfkbk` prfdhss, gll zhrfdfk`urgtbfk agtg dfk`urgtbfk  agtg gka DMs fk tch ngbk dfktrfl mfgra ngy mh dlhgrha. Bssuh ?7 (=?=?-?1-?0)

Dfpyrb`ct © Cugwhb Qhdckflf`bhs Df., Lta.

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42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

7 42?? & 82?? Thrbhs Mgsh Ttgtbfk Dfnnbssbfkbk` @ubah

7?. W5 Aurbk` Aurbk` sbth ahplfy ahplfynhkt, nhkt, tch tch mgsh stgtbfk stgtbfk jgbls jgbls tf gpply gpply jfr jfr g dhrtbdgth jrfn tch fphrgtfr's DG. G5 Qch pfssbmlh dgushs bkdluah5 —

Qch gl`frb gl`frbtcn tcn subth subth kh`f kh`ftbgt tbgtha ha mhtw mhtwhhk hhk tch mgsh mgsh stgtbf stgtbfk k gka gka tch tch fphrgtfr's DG afhs kft ngtdc. Bk tcbs dgsh, sht tch DG shdurbty gl`frbtcn swbtdc tf FJJ fk tch ACD_ shrvhr. shrvhr.

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My ahj ahjgu gult, lt, tch tch mgs mgsh h stgt stgtbf bfk k gppl gpplbhs bhs jfr jfr gk HDA HDATG TG dhrtbdgth, dhrtbdgth, wcbdc  wcbdc bs kft suppfrtha my tch fphrgtfr's DG. Pchk tcbs prfmlhn fddurs5

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Bk shdfkagry ACD_-mgsha sbth ahplfynhkt my _k_, _k_, dcgk`h tch vgluh fj sumfptbfk 18 Dhrtbdgth Dhrtbdgth Ihy  Ihy Qyph bk Qyph bk Fptbfk 14 tf ?, gka tch vgluhs fj DG. DG.IHRQR_H  IHRQR_H  gka  gka DH]Q]HW. DH]Q]HW.IHRQR_H  IHRQR_H  tf  tf ]TG ]TG fk  fk tch NGHAhplfynhkt.

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Bk tch fkh-tbnh _k_ ahplfynhkt sdhkgrbf, dcgk`h tch vgluhs fj  DG.IHRQR_H  DG. IHRQR_H  gka  gka DH]Q]HW. DH]Q]HW.IHRQR_H  IHRQR_H  tf  tf ]TG ]TG fk  fk tch NGHAhplfynhkt.

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Bk ngkugl fr PAQ ahplfynhkt sdhkgrbfs, ruk tch NFA DG gka DG gka NFA DH]QH]W  dfnngkas  dfnngkas tf dcgk`h tch vgluhs fj DG. DG.IHRQR_H  IHRQR_H  gka  gka DH]Q]HW.IHRQR_H  DH]Q]HW. IHRQR_H  tf  tf ]TG ]TG..