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PIJV@SWJKNK [ÊGIJGN K@ LSPSL FNGPE[NK INGJLINE K@ JIA@IJ@SÍN JIA@IJ@SÍN @EÊG[SJGN ‗ @E@G[S×IJGN
ENCLSN[LSJL I´ 7 @E[ ‗ 7634 JIW[NENGJLI@W JIW[NENGJ LI@W @EÊG[SJGNW JJ
NSSNI^P@W GLI [@IWJLI S@KPGJKN @W[PKJNI[@
2 2
MNMNIJ [LSS@R MNSJEPR.
IPM@SL K@ G.J.
2
177:706 Lr.
KLG@I[@ K@ ENC.
2
JIA. SNMJSL H@SS@SN VNSANW.
F@GHN
2 2
31/>4/343>.
LSPSL ‗ CLEJVJN
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NSSNI^P@W GLI [@IWJLI S@KPGJKN >.
LCB@[JVLW. ....................................................................................................... ..................................................... .................................................................................... .................................. 7
3.
FPIKNM@I[L [@×SJGL. ................................................. ...................................................................................................... .................................................................... ............... 7 3.>. NSSNI^P@ GLI [@IWJLI S@KPGJKN. .......................................................................................... ................................................ .......................................... 7 3.3.
NSSNI^P@ TLS NP[L[SNIWFLSMNKLS .................................................................................... .................................................... ................................ 7
3.7.
NSSNI^P@ @W[S@EEN-[SJNIAPEL @W[S@EEN-[SJNIAPEL ............................................................................................... ..................................................... .......................................... ;
3.;.
TLS NSSNIGNKLS WPNV@ ................................................. .................................................................................................... .......................................................... ....... 6
3.0.
VNSJNKLS K@ FS@GP@IGJNW ................................................................................................. .............................................. .......................................................... ....... 6
3.6.
NSSNI^P@ K@ @W[S@EEN @W[S@EEN ‗ [SJNIAPEL ........................................................................................ .............................................. .......................................... 1 ‗ [SJNIAPEL
3.1.
NSSNI^P@ @W[S@EEN ‗ @W[S@EEN ‗ [SJNIAPEL [SJNIAPEL CÎWJGL................................................................................. 1
3.8.
NSSNI^P@ @W[S@EEN ‗ @W[S@EEN ‗ [SJNIAPEL [SJNIAPEL [@MTLSJRNKL ..................................................................... ...................................................... ............... 8
3.:. NSSNI^P@ @W[S@EEN ‗ [SJNIAPEL [@MTLSJRNKL Z GLI TNSL NP[LMN[JGL........................... : 3.>4. NSSNI^P@ @W[S@EEN ‗ @W[S@EEN ‗ [SJNIAPEL [SJNIAPEL GLI JIV@SWJLI K@ AJSL .................................................. : 7.
K@WNSSLEEL..................................................................................................... .................................................. .................................................................................. ................................ >4 7.>.
NINEJRNS ELW NSSNI^P@W K@ [@IGJLI S@KPGJKN2 .................................................................. ..................................................... ............. >4
7.3.
KJW@ÞL K@E GJSGPJ[L K@ FP@SRN Z MNIKL K@ [LKLW ELW NSSNI^P@W ................................... >3
7.7. TNSN @E WJW[@MN MLW[SNKL @I [NCENW S@NEJRNS @E KJM@IGJLINMJ@I[L Z WW@E@GGJ×I @E@GGJ×I K@ [LKLW ELW @E@M@I[LW K@ PI NSSNI^P@ @W[S@EEN [SJIAPEL Z PI NSSNI^P@ TLS NP[L[SNIWFLSMNKLS. ...................................................................................................................... >6 7.;. NINEJWJW K@ TS@GJLW TS@GJLW PIJ[NSJLW K@E KJW@ÞL Z MLI[NB@ MLI[NB@ K@ PI [NCE@SL TNSN PI NSSNI^P@ @W[S@EEN [SJNIAPEL Z PI NSSNI^P@ TLS NP[L[SINWFLSMNKLS. ................................................. >1 ;.
GLIGEPWJLI@W Z S@GLM@IKNGJLI@W. ......................................................................................... ................................................. ........................................ 34
0.
S@F@S@IGJN CJCEJLASÎFJGN. .................................................................................................... ................................................. ........................................................ ..... 3>
JIW[NENGJLI@W @EÊG[SJGNW JJ ‗ @E[ @E[ 7634
ENCLSN[LSJL Il. 7
NSSNI^P@W GLI [@IWJLI S@KPGJKN >. >. LCB@[JVLW. Ninejznr els nrrniqu`s gli t`isj÷i r`kugjkn Kjs`þnr els `squ`mns `eêgtrjgls k` els nrrniqu`s gli t`isj÷i r`kugjkn y sjmuenr su fuigjlinmj`itl. Kjm`isjlinmj`itl k` els `e`m`itls k` els gjrgujtls k` nrrniqu` gli t`isj÷i r`kugjkn. Niîejsjs k` glstls plr en glistruggj÷i k` ui tnce`rl gli nrrniqu` gli t`isj÷i r`kugjkn.
3. 3.
FPIKNM@I[L [@×SJGL.
3.>. NSSNI^P@ GLI [@IWJLI S@KPGJKN. 3.>. Pil k` els jigliv`ij`it`s qu` pr`s`itni els mltlr`s k` jikuggj÷i `s en `e`vnkn jit`isjknk qu` ncslrc`i `i `e mlm`itl k` nrrniqu`, h`ghl qu` pu`k` prlkugjr p`rturcngjli`s `i en mnrghn k` ltrls npnrntls gli`gtnkls `i en mjsmn r`k ` jigeusl s`r jinkmjsjce` knkns ens glikjgjli`s k` en jistnengj÷i. 3.3. NSSNI^P@ TLS NP[L[SNIWFLSMN 3.3. NP[L[SNIWFLSMNKLS KLS @st` sjst`mn k` nrrniqu` glisjst` `i nejm`itnr `e mltlr n t`isj÷i r`kugjkn n trnvês k` ui nutltrnisflrmnklr, k` flrmn qu` ens sug`sjvns t`isjli`s npejgnkns `i clri`s k`e mltlr t`iani ui vnelr gr`gj`it` kurnit` `e p`rjlkl k` nrrniqu`, hnstn negniznr `e vnelr k` en t`isj÷i ilmjine k` eíi`n, lct`ijêikls` k` `stn flrmn uin r`kuggj÷i k` en glrrj`it` k` nrrniqu` y k`e pnr mltlr, `i en mjsmn prlplrgj÷i. Gjrgujtl k` mnikl mnikl
JIW[NENGJLI@W @EÊG[SJGNW JJ ‗ @E[ @E[ 7634
Gjrgujtl k` fu`rzn fu`rzn
3.7. NSSNI^P@ @W[S@EEN-[SJNIAPEL 3.7. @W[S@EEN-[SJNIAPEL Gli `e nrrniqu` `str`een trjîiauel p`rs`aujmls r`kugjr en glrrj`it` `i `e mlm`itl k`e nrrniqu` ne nejm`itnr n uin t`isj÷i m`ilr gli en gli`xj÷i `str`een.Gli `eel s` glisjau` qu` en jit`isjknk cnb` n en t`rg`rn pnrt` k` en jit`isjknk qu` s` prlkugjrín `i ui nrrniqu` kjr`gtl. [nmcjêi `e pnr k` nrrniqu` s` r`kug` n m`ils k` en mjtnk, el qu` hng` jmplsjce` `st` sjst`mn `i mltlr`s k` m`kjn plt`igjn qu` nrrniqu`i gli mughn gnran. Ltrl jigliv`ij`it` `s `e glrt` k` t`isj÷i qu` s` prlkug` ne pnsnr k` `str`een n trjîiauel.
JIW[NENGJLI@W @EÊG[SJGNW JJ ‗ @E[ @E[ 7634
GJSGPJ[L K@ MNIKL @W[S@EEN ‗ [SJNIAPEL
GJSGPJ[L K@ MNIKL @W[S@EEN ‗ [SJNIAPEL
JIW[NENGJLI@W @EÊG[SJGNW JJ ‗ @E[ @E[ 7634
3.;. TLS NSSNIGNKLS WPNV@ 3.;. Pi nrrnignklr sunv` `s ui kjsplsjtjvl `e`gtr÷ijgl qu` p`rmjt` glitrlenr `e nrrniqu` y pnrnkn k` mltlr`s k` jikuggj÷i, nyuknikl n prlt`a`r `e mltlr y glitrjcuy`ikl ne nhlrrl k` `i`raín. Els nrrnignklr`s sunv`s ejmjtni en glrrj`it` y `e pnr k` nrrniqu` p`rmjtj`ikl `b`rg`r ui glitrle glitr le k` en t`isj÷i k`sk` 4 hnstn en ilmjine pnrn `e nrrniqu` y ne r`vês pnrn en pnrnkn. S`auen `e vletnb` vle tnb` k` mlkl qu` `e mltlr r`gjc` prjm`rl uin le`nkn k` cnbn t`isj÷i, qu` vn nsg`ikj`ikl hnstn qu` `e mltlr `mpj`zn n ajrnr, `e`gtr÷ijgls kur`inhlrrnikl mîs tj`mpl`i `e k`sanst` y n m`iukl glenclrnikl n qu` els glmpli`it`s
M`kjnit` `e glitrle prlar`sjvl k` en t`isj÷i k` nejm`itngj÷i, s` elarn en nknptngj÷i k`e mltlr ne glmplrtnmj`itl k` en gnran k` en mîqujin nggjlinkn.@e nrrniqu` y pnrnkn sunv` gujkn k` els kjsplsjtjvls y mîqujins nglpenkns y prlplrgjlin ui prlg`sl prlkugtjvl sji jigjk`igjns 3.0. VNSJNKLS K@ FS@GP@IGJNW 3.0. `s ui sjst`mn pnrn `e glitrle k` en v`elgjknk rltngjline k` ui mltlr k` glrrj`it` net`rin (NG) plr m`kjl k`e glitrle k` en fr`gu`igjn k` nejm`itngj÷i sumjijstrnkn ne mltlr. Pi vnrjnklr k` fr`gu`igjn `s ui gnsl `sp`gjne k` ui vnrjnklr k` v`elgjknk. Els vnrjnklr`s k` fr`gu`igjn sli tnmcjêi glilgjkls glml krjv`rs k` fr`gu`igjn nbustnce` (NFK), krjv`rs k` GN l mjgrl krjv`rs. Knkl qu` en t`isj÷i (l vletnb`) s` hng` vnrjnr n en v`z qu` en fr`gu`igjn, n v`g`s sli eenmnkls krjv`rs VVVF (vnrjnklr k` vletnb` vnrjnklr k` fr`gu`igjn).
JIW[NENGJLI@W @EÊG[SJGNW JJ ‗ @E[ @E[ 7634
3.6. NSSNI^P@ K@ @W[S@EEN ‗ 3.6. @W[S@EEN ‗ [SJNIAPEL [SJNIAPEL @st` nrrniqu` s÷el pu`k` s`r npejgnkl n els mltlr`s klik` els kls `xtr`mls k` els tr`s k`vninkls k`e `stntlr t`iani snejkns slcr` en pengn k` clri`s y klik` `e nglpenmj`itl `i trjîiauel glrr`splikn n en t`isj÷i k` en r`k (`b`mpel2 pnrn r`k 784V, `s pr`gjsl ui mltlr 784V∆ /664V Π). @st` prlg`kjmj`itl glisjst` `i nrrnignr `e mltlr gli`gtnikl sus k`vninkls `i `str`een. @stls s` `igu`itrni nejm`itnkls nejm`itnkls gli uin t` t`isj÷i isj÷i jaune n en t` t`isj÷i isj÷i k` en r`k kjvjkjkn plr 7 l s`n ui 08% k` en t`isj÷i @e pnr s`ilmjine. r`kug` gli r`engj÷i ne gunkrnkl k` en t`isj÷i k` nejm`itngj÷i y `s jaune n ui t`rgjl k`e pnr prlplrgjlinkl plr ui mltlr k` nrrniqu` kjr`gtl. En glrrj`it` `i en eíi`n s` r`kug` `i en mjsmn prlplrgj÷i. @i `e s`auikl tj`mpl, s` suprjm` `e ` e nglpenmj`itl `i `str`een y s` nglpeni els k`vninkls `i trjîiauel. Gnkn k`vninkl `stî nejm`itnkl gli en t`isj÷i k` en r`k? `e mltlr r`gup`rn sus gnrngt`rístjgns inturne`s. Fuigjlinmj`itl Fuigjlinmj`itl @e puesnklr W>N nggjlin `e t`mplrjznklr O;[ y `e glitngtlr `str`een O3M. O3M s` `xgjtn y npejgn t`isj÷i ne glitngtlr k` r`k O>M n trnvês k` su glitngtl nuxjejnr O3M/>7>;. O>M s` `igenvn n trnvês k` sus glitngtls nuxjejnr`s O>M/>7->; y ;7-;;.
O>M gli`gtn ne mltlr M>`e`i `str`een. K`spuês k` trnisgurrjkl tj`mpl nbustnkl `i O;[, s` ncr` `e gjrgujtl k` O3M. nbustnkl N els 04 ms s` gj`rrn `e gjrgujtl O7M. @e glitngtlr O3M s` k`s`xgjtn. O7M s` `xgjtn y gli`gtn ne mltlr M> n en t`isj÷i pe`in k` en r`k. Wjmuetîi`nm`it`, `e glitngtl IG O7M/3>-33 s`ggjlin `e gjrgujtl O3M, `vjtnikl en r`gli`xj÷i `i `str`een. Wlenm`it` s`rî plsjce` ui iu`vl nrrniqu` sj s` hn prlkugjkl en k`sgli`xj÷i2 gli `e puesnklr W4N l plr slcr`gnran, n trnvês k`e glitngtl IG k`e r`eê têrmjgl F3F/:0-:6.
3.1. 3.1.
GJSGPJ[LW S@ENGJLINKLW GLI @W[S@EEN ‗ @W[S@EEN ‗ [SJNIAPEL [SJNIAPEL NSSNI^P@ @W[S@EEN ‗ @W[S@EEN ‗ [SJNIAPEL [SJNIAPEL CÎWJGL CÎWJGL
Els nrrniqu`s `str`een-trjîiauel s` glmpli`i ilrmnem`it` k` tr`s glitngtlr`s, ui r`eê k` slcr`gnran y ui t`mplrjznklr. Òijgnm`it` pu`k` utjejznrs` `st` mêtlkl `i mltlr`s qu` p`rmjtni ngg`k`r n els s`js clri`s k` `xtr`ml k` els e ls clcjinkls y qu` ne `stnr `i rêajm`i trncnb`i gli`gtnkls `i trjîiauel. Cîsjgnm`it` ui nrrniqu` `str`een-trjîiauel glisjst` `i qu` kurnit` en prjm`rn `tnpn k` ng`e`rngj÷i `e mltlr s` gli`gtn `i `str`een tlmnikl uin glrrj`it` r`kugjkn, y eu`al k` ui tj`mpl pr``stnce`gjkl s` hng` en glimutngj÷i n trjîiauel, klik` `e mltlr ncslrc` tlkn en glrrj`it` k` en r`k y `e tlrqu` `s mîxjml.
JIW[NENGJLI@W @EÊG[SJGNW JJ ‗ @E[ @E[ 7634
3.8. NSSNI^P@ @W[S@EEN ‗ 3.8. @W[S@EEN ‗ [SJNIAPEL [SJNIAPEL [@MTLSJRNKL [@MTLSJRNKL @e t`mplrjznklr `s ui t`mplrjznklr n en gli`xj÷i. @i `st` gnsl `e t`mplrjznklr `s ui `e`m`itl n pnrt`, p`rl `e fuigjlinmj`itl `s muy sjmjenr. Fíbnt` qu` `e t`mplrjznklr s` k`sgli`gtn gunikl s` ngtjvn OM7 (trjîiauel) y qu`kn tltnem`it` k`sgli`gtnkl k` en r`k gunikl fuigjlin `e mltlr `i su `stnkl ilrmne k` trjîiauel. OM> y OM3 `stnrî `i `str`een y OM> y OM7 `i trjîiauel.
NSSNI^P@ @W[S@EEN ‗ [SJNIAPEL [@MTLSJRNKL
JIW[NENGJLI@W @EÊG[SJGNW JJ ‗ @E[ @E[ 7634
3.:. NSSNI^P@ @W[S@EEN ‗ 3.:. @W[S@EEN ‗ [SJNIAPEL [SJNIAPEL [@MTLSJRNKL Z GLI TNSL NP[LMN[JGL NP[LMN[JGL K` flrmn nutlmîtjgn sjaijfjgn qu` ne puesnr ui puesnklr k` mnrghn s` pli` `e mltlr `i `str`een y pnsnkl ui tj`mpl, r`auenkl plr ui glitngtlr-t`mplrjznklr, k` flrmn nutlmîtjgn pnsn n trjîiauel qu`knikl `e mltlr fuigjlinikl `i `st` `stnkl. V`nmls `e `squ`mn y su `xpejgngj÷i pnsl n pnsl. Wj il kjspli`mls k` ui glitngtlr-t`mplrjznklr i`g`sjtnr`mls ui t`mplrjznklr y `e `squ`mn s`rî `e sjauj`it`, il `st`.
3.>4. NSSNI^P@ @W[S@EEN ‗ 3.>4. @W[S@EEN ‗ [SJNIAPEL [SJNIAPEL GLI JIV@SWJLI K@ AJSL AJSL @e mltlr nrrnign `i `str`een y k`spuês pnsn n trjîiauel `i s`itjkl hlrnrjl l nitjhlrnrjl, s`aòi ens ÷rk`i`s nsjainkns plr els puesnklr`s. Gli W3 hng`mls `e `str`een-trjîiauel `i ui s`itjkl y gli W7 el hng`mls `i `e s`itjkl glitrnrjl. OM> `s `i ui s`itjkl y OM3 gnmcjn `e s`itjkl (gnmcjnmls ens fns`s). OM7 `s `i trjîiauel y OM; `i `str`een.
JIW[NENGJLI@W @EÊG[SJGNW JJ ‗ @E[ @E[ 7634
7. 7. K@WNSSLEEL. 7.>. NINEJRNS ELW NSSNI^P@W K@ [@IGJLI S@KPGJKN2
NSSNI^P@ @W[S@EEN [SJNIAPEL.
@e nrrniqu`k``str`een-trjniauel, tjpl k` nrrniqu` qu` s`@ee`fuigjlinmj`itl npejgn ne mltlrk`pnrn en jit`isjknk pjgl qu` npnr`g` `s `i ui `e mlm`itl k` nrrnignrel. `st`r`kugjr nrrniqu` glisjst` `i sucmjijstrnr glrrj`it` ne mltlr m`kjnit` uin gli`xj÷i `i `str`een y k`spuês k` uils s`auikls pnsnr en gli`xj÷i n trjniauel. Tnrn hng`rel s` usni tr`s glitngtlr`s, uil k` eíi`n, qu` `stî gli`gtnkl sj`mpr`, ltrl qu` hng` en gli`xj÷i `i `str`een y ltrl qu` hnan en gli`xj÷i `i trjniauel. @e gnmcjl k` `str`een n trjniauel s` hng` yn qu` els clcjinkls k`e mltlr ne `stnr gli`gtnkls `i `str`een glisum`i rníz k` 7 en t`isj÷i ilmjine qu` e` ee`an. @stl r`kug` `e pnr k` nrrniqu` n ui t`rgjl y plr ltrn pnrt` en jit`isjknk qu` pnsn plr gnkn clcjin tnmcjêi s`r r`kug` ui t`rgjl. K` `st` mlkl s` `vjtn qu` en jit`isjknk k` nrrniqu` s`n tni arnik` glml `i `e gnsl k` ui nrrniqu` kjr`gtl `i trjniauel.
JIW[NENGJLI@W @EÊG[SJGNW JJ ‗ @E[ @E[ 7634
[SNIWFLSMNKLS.. SSNI^P@ TLS NP[L [SNIWFLSMNKLS
@st` sjst`mn k` nrrniqu` glisjst` `i nejm`itnr `e mltlr n t`isj÷i r`kugjkn n trnvês k` ui nutltrnisflrmnklr, nutltrnisfl rmnklr, k` flrmn qu` ens sug`sjvns t`isjli`s npejgnkns npejgnkns `i clri`s k`e mltlr t`iani ui vnelr gr`gj`it` kurnit` `e p`rjlkl k` nrrniqu`, hnstn negniznr `e vnelr k` en t`isj÷i ilmjine k` eíi`n, lct`ijêikls` k` `stn flrmn uin r`kuggj÷i k` en glrrj`it` k` nrrniqu` y k`e pnr mltlr, `i en mjsmn prlplrgj÷i.
NSSNI^P@ TLS S@WJW[@IGJNW @W[N[LSJGNW.
Glelgnikl r`sjst`igjns `i s`rj` gli `e `stntlr, s` pu`k` `e`ajr en t`isj÷i k` nrrniqu` y plr tnitl en jit`isjknk k` nrrniqu`. @e mltlr nrrnign `i kls l mîs `tnpns, gli`gtnikl uin r`sjst`igjn `i s`rj` gli gnkn clcjin k`e `stntlr. @e vnelr k` en r`sjst`igjn s` r`kug` `i gnkn `tnpn Gnkn `tnpn i`g`sjtn ui glitngtlr `igenvnkl y uin t`mplrjzngj÷i Wu Npejgngj÷i2 Mîqujins k` fu`rt` ji`rgjn, Glmpr`slr`s k` r`frja`rngj÷i, mîqujins t`islrns, nsg`islr`s, `sgne`rns nutlmîtjgns, `tg.
JIW[NENGJLI@W @EÊG[SJGNW JJ ‗ @E[ @E[ 7634
NSSNI^P@ TLS S@NG[NIGJN @I @E @W[N[LS.
Ens r`ngtnigjns k` nrrniqu` s` su`e`i glistrujr pnrn ui nggjlinmj`itl k`t`rmjinkl, ilrmnem`it` glilgjkl, glml clmcns, v`itjenklr`s, sj`rrns… y k` uin plt`igjn gligr`tn. Nòi nsí, `s plsjce` su
utjejzngj÷i gli ui nmpejl mnra`i k` plt`igjns.
73
KJW@ÞL K@E GJSGPJ[L K@ FP@SRN Z MNIKL K@ [LKLW ELW NSSNI^P@W
JIW[NENGJLI@W @EÊG[SJGNW JJ ‗ @E[ @E[ 7634
NSSNI^P@ @W[S@EEN [SJNIAPEL (GNK@\WJMP)
JIW[NENGJLI@W @EÊG[SJGNW JJ ‗ @E[ @E[ 7634
(GNK@\WJMP).. NSSNI^P@ TLS NP[L [SNIWFLSMNKLS (GNK@\WJMP)
JIW[NENGJLI@W @EÊG[SJGNW JJ ‗ @E[ @E[ 7634
NSSNI^P@ TLS S@WJW[@IGJNW @W[N[LSJGNW (GNK@\WJMP).
JIW[NENGJLI@W @EÊG[SJGNW JJ ‗ @E[ @E[ 7634
7.7. 7.7.
I´ M>M M3M M7M M;M M0M
TNSN @E WJW[@MN MLW[SNKL @I [NCENW S@NEJRNS @E KJM@IGJLINMJ@I[L Z W@E@GGJ×I K@ [LKLW ELW @E@M@I[LW K@ PI NSSNI^P@ @W[S@EEN [SJIAPEL Z PI NSSNI^P@ TLS NP[L[SNIWFLSMN NP[L[SNIWFLSMNKLS. KLS.
Tlt`igjn (Q) I´ Tlels Nrrniqu` Njse.Glik. 04 3 ZN-jiv`rsjli TVG 71 3 S`ngtnigjn `stntlr TVG 10 3 S`sjst`igjn `stntlr TVG 304 3 ZN TVG >04 3 Nutltrnisflrmnklr TVG Wuc`stngjli-Nejm`itngjli Wuc`stngjli-Nejm`itngjl i XET@ NS@N K@ EN TENI[N 04x:4 m3
X,y (m) ;4,>0 >4,30 >4,74 34,74 30,34 -64,4
JIW[NENGJLI@W @EÊG[SJGNW JJ ‗ @E[ @E[ 7634
7.;. 7.;.
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