331 ThermoDynamics ThermoDynamics
September 20, 2022 | Author: Anonymous | Category: N/A
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2>5
BHJG_RSLHA
VBENY. >2
Seo rntlh h` teo pnrtlnd prossuro th teo thtnd prossuro (>99 fYn) oqunds teo jhdo rntlh, sh tent A v : A
Y v Y
:
;
ù5;392 3;=0 + A v Ñ
> 02= >99
hr
A v : 9;000 fjhd:fjhd `uod
]o sljpdy ncc A v th onbe slco h` teo ronbtlha oquntlha; B3 E>9 + 5;392ùH7 + 2;=0A7 Ñ + 9;000E7 H ! 3BH 7 + ?;000E7 H + >;;0A7 Seo pnrtlnd prossuro h` wntor vnphr la teo prhcubts ls Y v : YyE7 H : ù>99Ñù?;000:32;>=Ñ : >2;> fYn. fYn. @rhj @rhj
Sngdo B-7 wo ac teo cow-phlat tojpornturo th go S c;p; : ?> B, welbe bhjpnros wlte 3< B uslam cry nlr ns la Oxnjpdo >2.>. Hgvlhusdy teo jhlsturo la teo bhjgustlha nlr chos aht slmalbnatdy lauoabo teo prhcubts. Bhasoquoatdy, wo usunddy aomdobt teo jhlsturo.
>2.3 Jotenao ls guraoc guraoc wlte cry nlr, nac vhdujotrlb vhdujotrlb nandysls nandysls h` teo prhcubt prhcubtss ha n cry gnsls ml mlvos vos >9% BH7 , >% BH, >.5% H 7 , nac 5=.7% A7 . Bndbudnto (n) teo nlr-`uod rntlh, (g) teo porboat oxboss nlr, nac (b) teo porboatnmo h` wntor vnphr tent bhacoasos l` teo prhcubts nro bhhdoc th 29 B. Nssujo >99 jhd cry prhcubts. Seo ronbtlha oquntlha ls nBE3 + gùH7 + 2;=0A7 Ñ ! >9BH7 + BH
+
>;5H7 + 5=;7A7 + bE7 H
N gndnabo ha teo nthjlb jnssos prhvlcos teo `hddhwlam; B; n : >9 + > E; 3n : 7b ;
:
+
∳ ∳
+
b
n
:
:
>>
77
+
:
∳
H 7g 79 > 2;0 b Clvlclam teo ronbtlha oquntlha gy n sh tent wo envo > jhd `uod;
g
72;2
BE3 + 7;>7ùH7 + 2;=0A7 Ñ ! 9 ;0Ñ
:
>5;7< fm nlr:fm `uod
(g) Seo sthlbelh sthlbelhjotr jotrlb lb ronbtlha ronbtlha ls BE3 + 7ùH7 + 2;=0A7 Ñ ! BH7 + 7E7 H + =;?7A7 . Sels mlvos teo oxboss nlr ns % oxboss nlr :
;
7 >7 ∗ 7 ù>99%Ñ : 0% 7
(b) Seoro nro 7 jhd wntor vnphr la teo bhjgustlha bhjgustlha prhcubts prhcubts go`hro bhacoasntlha. bhacoasntlha. L` A A w roprosoats jhdos h` h` wntor vnphr wntor vnphr tent bhacoaso weoa teo prhcubts ronbe 29 B, teoa 7 ∗ A w ls teo aujgor jhdos nac >>;9< ∗ A w ls teo thtnd aujgor h` jhdos la teo bhjgustlha prhcubts nt 29 B. ]o ac A w ns `hddhws; A v A
:
Y v Y
7 ∗ A w >>;9< ∗ A w
:
3;730 >99
∳
A w : >;? ?99Ñ : =2.? Na uafahwa eycrhbnrgha `uod bhjgusts wlte cry nlr6 teo rosudtlam pr cry vhdujotrlb nandysls; >7% BH 7 , >?% BH, 2% H 7 , nac 52.?% A7 . Bndbudnto teo porboat oxboss nlr. Seo ronbtlha oquntlha `hr >99 jhd cry prhcubts ls Bn Eg + bùH7 + 2;=0A7 Ñ ! >7BH7 + >;?BH + 2H7 + 52;?A7 + c E7 H
BENY. >2Z
BHJG_RSLHA
2><
N gndnabo ha onbe odojoat prhvlcos teo `hddhwlam; B; n : >7 + >;?
A; 2;=0b : 52;? H; 7b : 73
+
E; g : 7c
n
:
>2;?
b
:
77;7
∳
∳
>;? + 0 + c
∳
g
∳
c : >7;<
7?;5
:
Seo `uod jlxturo ls roprosoatoc gy B>2;? E7?;5 . @hr teohrotlbnd nlr wlte tels `uod, wo envo B>2;? E7?;5 + >S Y ]o shdvo `hr S Y gy trlnd nac orrhr; 8
?=< 999 999 : ù7Ñù>2=399Ñ S Y : 7099 F; > ?=< 8
?=< 999 999 : ù7Ñù>39Ñ S Y : 7599 F; > ?=< 8
?=< 999 999 : ù7Ñù>07729Ñ S Y : 2999 F; > ?=<
+
ù2Ñù>>3299Ñ + ù>2;>0Ñù505?9Ñ ∗ ù>?>Ñù7099Ñ : >20?999
+
ù2Ñù>7?799Ñ + ù>2;>0Ñù9Ñ ∗ ù>?>Ñù7599Ñ : >39> 3>9 3>9Ñ ∗ ù>?>Ñù2999Ñ : >0>?999 ù2Ñù>20709Ñ + ù>2;>0Ñù>9>
Latorphdntlha prhvlcos n tojpornturo gotwooa 7599 F nac 2999 F; S Y : 700= fjhd6 teoro`hro, A prhc : ù>5;>0Ñù9;99>00=Ñ : 9;9297= fjhd. Seo prossuro la teo prhcubts ls teoa Y prhc :
A prhc Wu S prhc P
:
ù9;9297=Ñù5;2>3Ñù79?5 fYn
Ruppdojoatn Ruppd ojoatnry ry Yrhgdojs Yrhgdojs >2.>7 Seo `hddhwlam `hddhwlam `uods bhjgla bhjglaoo wlte sthlbelhjotrlb sthlbelhjotrlb nlr; (n) B7 E3 , (g) B2 E0 , (b) B3 E>9 , (c ) B? E>7 , (o) B5 E>5 , nac (` ) BE2 HE. Yrhvlco teo bhrrobt vnduos `hr x6 y6 z la teo ronbtlha oquntlha
Bn Eg + wùH7 + 2;=0A7 Ñ ! x BH7 + yE7 H + zA7
>2.>2 Jotenao Jotenao (BE3 ) ls guraoc wlte sthlbelhjotrlb nlr nac teo prhcubts nro bhhdoc th 79 B nssujlam bhjpdoto bhjgustlha nt >99 fYn. Bndbudnto (n) teo nlr-`uod rntlh, ( g) teo porboatnmo h` BH 7 gy wolmet h` teo prhcubts, (b) teo cow-phlat tojpornturo h` teo prhcubts, nac (c ) teo porboatnmo h` wntor vnphr bhacoasoc. >2.>3 Wopont Yrhg. >2.>2 >2.>2 `hr otenao otenao (B7 E0 ).
Yrhg. >2.> >2.>2 2 `hr prhpnao prhpnao (B2 E5 ). >2.>? Wopont Yrhg. >2.>0 Wopont Yrhg. Yrhg. >2.> >2.>2 2 `hr gutnao gutnao (B3 E>9 ). >2.>= Wopont Yrhg. Yrhg. >2.> >2.>2 2 `hr hbtnao hbtnao (B3 E>5 ). >2.>5 Otenao (B7 E0 ) uacormhos bhjpdoto bhjgustlha nt
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