3 Especificaciones Técnicas - Instalaciones Sanitarias
July 19, 2022 | Author: Anonymous | Category: N/A
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Lxplmoljtl ]ïnjon`3 ‒Klc`rhkoljt` y Hkpbohnoþj ml b`s ^lrvono`s Mlp`rtov`s mlb Y`bomlp`rtov` Torrly ]`blm` lj lb Mostrot` ml Nlrnhm` ml Bokh, Yr`vojnoh ml Bokh „ O Lthph
L^YLNODONHNO@JL^ ]ÏNJONH^ OJ^]HBHNO@JL^ ^HJO]HWOH^ b
FLJLWHBOMHML^ Lb prlsljt prlsljtll nhpëtub`, nhpëtub`, mljtr` mljtr` ml bhs lsplnod lsplnodnhn nhno`jl o`jlss ml `grh, `grh,
n`rrls n`rrlsp`j p`jml ml hb
YW@_LN YW@_LN]@ ]@ ML
OJ^]HBHNO@JL^ ^HJO]HWOH^, lb kosk` qul n`kprljml3 h. Ybhj`s g. Ls Lspl plno nodn dnhn hno` o`jl jlss n. Kltrhm`s B`s qul slrvorèj phrh bh lbhg`rhnoþj mlb prlsupulst` y mlb pr`nlmokoljt` ml n`jstrunnoþj, sl n`kpblkljth ljtrl lbb`s lj bh `rkh qul kès hmlbhjtl sl mlthbbhj. bb
N@JMONO@JL^ FLJ FLJLWHBL^ h. Lstl nhpëtub` nhpëtub` lstè lstè n``rmojhm` n``rmojhm` y sl n`kpblkljth n`kpblkljth n`j n`j bhs n`jmono`jls n`jmono`jls fljlrhb fljlrhbls ls ml n`jstrunnoþ n`jstrunnoþj j ml bh `grh g. Hqulbb`s Hqulbb`s Ëtlks ml bhs n`jmono`jl n`jmono`jlss fljlrhbls fljlrhbls ` lsplnohbls lsplnohbls qul sl rlpothj rlpothj lj lstl nhpëtub` nhpëtub` ml bhs lsplnodnhno`jls, ljlj n`k` djhbomhm htrhlr s`grl lbb`s su htljnoþj phrnubhr, ojsosïjm`sl h ml lvothr bh `kosoþj ml nuhbquolr ` lsplnohb. n. dj M`jml lj nuhbquolr nuhb quolr lsplno lsplnodnhnoþj dnhnoþj,, n`jmonoþj pr`nls` pr`nls` `fljlrhb kltrhm` kltrhm` ml n`jstru n`jstrunnoþj nnoþj ` khtlrohb khtlrohb sl eh mhm` mhm` j`kgrl ml hgronhjtl ` jóklr` ml nhtèb`f`, nhtè b`f`, sl ljljml qul ls sokpbl rllrljnoh. m. Nuhbqu Nuhbquolr olr trhgh trhghc`, c`, khtlrohb khtlrohb ` lquop` lquop` qul j` sl kulstrh kulstrh lj bhs lsp lsplno lnodnh dnhno`j no`jls, ls, plr` qul hphrlznh lj b`s pbhj`s ` kltrhm`s y vonlvlrsh y qul sl jlnlsoth phrh n`kpblthr bhs ojsthbhno`jls shjothrohs, slrèj sukojostrhmhs sukojostrhmhs l ojsthbhmhs. l. Mlt Mlthbbl hbblss klj`rl klj`rlss ml trhghc trhghc`s `s j` usu usuhbkl hbkljtl jtl k`strhm`s k`strhm`s lj b`s pbhj`s, pbhj`s, lsplnodn lsplnodnhno hno`jl `jlss ` kltrhm`s, plr` jlnlshro`s phrh bh ojsthbhnoþj, mlglj slr ojnbuom`s lj lb trhghc`, ml ofuhb khjlrh qul so sl eugolrh k`strhm` lj b`s m`nukljt`s kljno`jhm`s.
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@GCL]@ 8. B`s pbhj`s, pbhj`s, lsplnodnhno` lsplnodnhno`jls jls y kltrhm`s kltrhm`s mlglj hnobothr hnobothr bh rlhbozhnoþj rlhbozhnoþj mlb trhghc trhghc` ` mljtr` ml bhs j`rkhs ml ujh guljh `grh. 7. Y`r klmo` ml ml ïsth sl mlgl mlgl n`jnbuor n`jnbuor y mlchr bost` bost` phrh ujno`jhr ujno`jhr,, pr`ghr y ushr t`m`s t`m`s b`s sostlkhs sostlkhs ml hfuh, mlshfòl y lb lquophkoljt` shjothro` mlb lsthgblnokoljt`.
OT
HYW@GHNO@JL^ 8. Lj bh pr`puls pr`pulsth th sl mlgl mlgl ojmonhr ojmonhr bhs nhrhntlrës nhrhntlrësnhs nhs ml b`s b`s khtlr khtlrohbls ohbls h lkpbl lkpblhrsl, hrsl, th thbls bls n`k` j`kgrl mlb hgronhjtl, p`, thkhø`, k`mlb`, ltn. 7. Bhs lsplnodnhno` lsplnodnhno`jls jls mlb hgronhjtl hgronhjtl rllrljtl rllrljtl h bh ojsthbh ojsthbhnoþj noþj ml b`s khtlrohbls, khtlrohbls, mlglj slf slfuorsl uorsl lstronthkljtl y phshrèj h `rkhr phrtl ml lsths lsplnodnhno`jls. lsplnodnhno`jls.
Lsplnodnhno`jls ]ïnjonhs „ Ojsthbhno`jls ^hjothrohs „ Yèf. 8
Lxplmoljtl ]ïnjon`3 ‒Klc`rhkoljt` y Hkpbohnoþj ml b`s ^lrvono`s Mlp`rtov`s mlb Y`bomlp`rtov` Torrly ]`blm` lj lb Mostrot` ml Nlrnhm` ml Bokh, Yr`vojnoh ml Bokh „ O Lthph
L^YLNODONHNO@JL^ ]ÏNJONH^ OJ^]HBHNO@JL^ ^HJO]HWOH^ 8. 8.8 8.8
HYHW YHWH] H]@^ @^ ^H ^HJO JO]H ]HWO WO@ @^ OJ@M OJ@M@W @W@ @ N@J N@J DB\U DB\UÞKL ÞKL]W ]W@ @ OJN OJNB\ B\OM@ OM@ HNNL HNNL^@ ^@WO WO@^ @^ Mlsnropnoþj3 N`kprljml lb sukojostr` ml b`s oj`m`r`s n`j uxþkltr` ojmorlnt` phrh oj`m`r`, b`s qul sl ojmonhj lj b`s pbhj`s y t`m`s b`s hnnls`ro`s jlnlshro`s phrh su ojsthbhnoþj. ^u k`jthcl ls dchm` hb pos` tlrkojhm` s`grl hjobb` ml nlrh n`j m`s plrj`s ml hjnbhcl y nhpune`jls thph plrj`. Lsth phrmh n`jsomlrh3 Oj`m`r` sokobhr lj nhbomhm hb k`mlb` ‒^o`j Clt‛ n`j Dbuxþkltr` ojmorlnt` phrh oj`m`r`.
N`b`r @plr @plrhn hnoþ oþj j Hn Hnnl nls` s`ro ro`s `s N`jl N`jlxo xo`j `jls ls
3 3 3 3
Gbhjn`. Mlsn Mlsnhr hrfh fh p`r p`r hhnn nnoþ oþj jm mll ux uxþk þklt ltr` r` oj ojmo morl rlnt nt` `p phr hrhh oj` oj`m` m`r` r` =. =.5B 5B Hs Hsol oljt jt` ` ml rlj rljtl tl hg hgol olrt rt` ` y thph thph ml pb pbès èsn n` ` plsh plshm` m`.. ]ug` ]ug` ml hg hghs hst` t` ml hnlr hnlr` ` oj` oj`xo xomh mhgb gbll phr phrhh oj` oj`m` m`r` r`
Kït`m` ml klmonoþj3 Lb nþkput` sl llntuhrè p`r bh nhjmhm sukojostrhmh l ojsthbhmh lj `grh lj ujnoþj hb qul dfurh lj bh phrmh y sl klmorè p`r polzh (pzh). Ghsl ml phf`3 Lb phf` sl ehrè p`r ujomhm ml klmomh y prlno` ujothro` mldjom` lj lb prlsupulst`, prlvoh hpr`ghnoþj mlb ^uplrv ^uplrvos` os`rr quolj quolj vlbhrè vlbhrè p`r su n`rrln n`rrlnth th lclnun lclnunoþj oþj lj `grh. `grh. Bh koskh koskh qul rlprlslj rlprlsljth th bh n`kpljshnoþ n`kplj shnoþj j ojtlfrhb ojtlfrhb phrh t`mhs bhs `plrhno`jls ml trhjsp`rtl, trhjsp`rtl, hbkhnljhcl, khjopubl` khjopubl` ml b`s khtlrohbls, khj` ml `grh, elrrhkoljths, lquop`s, ltn.
8.7
OJ@M@W@ N@J ]H ]HJ JX\L Mlsnropnoþj3 N`kprljml lb sukojostr` ml b`s oj`m`r`s ml thjqul qul sl ojmonhj lj b`s pbhj`s y t`m`s b`s hnnls`ro`s jlnlshro`s phrh su ojsthbhnoþj. ^u k`jthcl ls dchm` hb pos` tlrkojhm` s`grl hjobb` ml nlrh n`j m`s plrj`s ml hjnbhcl y nhpune`jls thph plrj`. Lsth phrmh n`jsomlrh3 Oj`m`r` ml thjqul, sokobhr lj nhbomhm hb k`mlb` ‒^o`j Clt‛
N`b`r @plrhnoþj
3 3
Hn Hnnl nls` s`ro ro`s `s
3
N`jl N`jlxo xo`j `jls ls 3
Gbhjn`. Mlsnhrfh p`r hnnoþj ml phbhj bhjnh mlb lsthjqul, ml hnnoþj soþ oþjonh y mlsnhrfh sobljno`sh n`j trhkph ojn`rp`rhmh. Hs Hsol oljt jt` ` ml r rlj ljtl tl hgo hgolr lrt` t` y thph thph ml ml pbès pbèsn n` ` pl plsh shm` m`.. Hnnl Hnnls` s`ro ro`s `s ojt ojtlr lro` o`rl rlss ml gr`jnl n`j ml rlfubhgbl y m`r` sostlkh ]ug` ]ug` ml hg hghs hst` t`vèbvubh ml hnlr hnlr` ` n`jtr`b oj` oj`xo xomh mhgb gbl l phr phrhh oj` oj`m` r` ml mlsnhrfh HG^. Lsplnodnhno`jls ]ïnjonhs „ Ojsthbhno`jls ^hjothrohs „ Yèf. 7
Lxplmoljtl ]ïnjon`3 ‒Klc`rhkoljt` y Hkpbohnoþj ml b`s ^lrvono`s Mlp`rtov`s mlb Y`bomlp`rtov` Torrly ]`blm` lj lb Mostrot` ml Nlrnhm` ml Bokh, Yr`vojnoh ml Bokh „ O Lthph
Kït`m` ml klmonoþj3 Lb nþkput` sl llntuhrè p`r bh nhjmhm sukojostrhmh l ojsthbhmh lj `grh lj ujnoþj hb qul dfurh lj bh phrmh y sl klmorè p`r ujomhm (ujm). Ghsl ml phf`3 Lb phf` sl ehrè p`r ujomhm ml klmomh y prlno` ujothro` mldjom` lj lb prlsupulst`, prlvoh hpr`ghnoþj mlb ^uplrv ^uplrvos` os`rr quolj quolj vlbhrè vlbhrè p`r su n`rrln n`rrlnth th lclnun lclnunoþj oþj lj `grh. `grh. Bh koskh koskh qul rlprlslj rlprlsljth th bh n`kpljshnoþ n`kplj shnoþj j ojtlfrhb ojtlfrhb phrh t`mhs bhs `plrhno`jls ml trhjsp`rtl, trhjsp`rtl, hbkhnljhcl, khjopubl` khjopubl` ml b`s khtlrohbls, khj` ml `grh, elrrhkoljths, lquop`s, ltn.
8.>
BHTH]@WO@ - @THBOJ Mlsnropnoþj3 N`kprljml N`kprl jml b`s trhghc`s trhghc`s ml sukojostr` sukojostr` l ojsthbhnoþj ojsthbhnoþj mlb Bhvht`ro` @vhbëj, n`j`rkl sl ojmonhj lj b`s pbhj`s3
Bhvht`ro` ml s`grlp`jlr ml moslø` `vhbhm`, slrè ml nlrèkonh votrodnhmh p`r pr`nls` ml e`rj` ml hbth tlkplrhturh, hnhghm` p`rnlbhjozhm` n`j dj` grobb`, lskhbtl ml hbth rlsostljnoh, k`mlb` ^`jjlt ml ]rlg`b ` sokobhr. Ojnbuyl nhmljh thpþj. ]rhkph "Y" ml YTN n`kpblth n`j thph ojlro`r ojtlfrhmh. N`b`r Mokljso`jls N` N`jl jlxo xo`j `jls ls33
3 ^lrè ml n`b`r gbhjn`. 3 85 º‛ x 84 »‛ »‛. ]u ]ug` g` ml hghs hghst` t` m mll hnlr hnlr` ` oj` oj`xo xomh mhgb gbll p phrh hrh bhvht bhvht`r `ro` o`
Kït`m` ml klmonoþj3
Lb nþkput` sl llntuhrè p`r bh nhjmhm sukojostrhmh l ojsthbhmh lj `grh lj ujnoþj hb qul dfurh lj bh phrmh y sl klmorè p`r polzh (pzh). Ghsl ml phf`3
Lb phf` sl ehrè p`r ujomhm ml klmomh y prlno` ujothro` mldjom` lj lb prlsupulst`, y prlvoh hpr`ghnoþj mlb suplrvos`r quolj vlbhrè p`r su n`rrlnth lclnunoþj lj `grh
8.= 8.=
BHTH BHTH]@ ]@WO WO@ @M MLL YHW YHWLM LM GBHJ GBHJN@ N@ „ 8 BBHT BBHTLL Mlsnropnoþj3 N`kprljml b`s trhghc`s ml sukojostr` l ojsthbhnoþj mlb hphrht` shjothro` n`j su frolrëh, hnnls`ro`s ml mlsnhrfh y dchnoþj, n`j`rkl sl ojmonhj lj b`s pbhj`s3
Bhvht`ro` ml b`sh votrodnhmh hgronhnoþj jhno`jhb, p` ]rïg`b ` sokobhr, n`j pr`nls` ml hgronhnoþj hb e`rj` ml hbth tlkplrhturh, hnhghm` ml p`rnlbhjh n`j dj` grobb` ml proklrh n`j nhmljh. ]rhkph "Y" ml YTN n`kpblth n`j thph ojlro`r ojtlfrhmh. N`b`r 3 ^lrè ml n`b`r gbhjn`. Mokl Mo kljs jso` o`jl jlss 38 88 8> >/5 /5"" x 86 86"" nn`k `k` ` këj këjok ok` ` N`jl N`jlxo xo`j `jls ls 3 ]ug` ]ug` ml ml hghs hghst` t` ml ml hnlr hnlr` ` oj`x oj`xom omhg hgbl bl phr phrhh bhvh bhvht` t`ro ro` `
Kït`m` ml Klmonoþj3 Lb nþkput` sl llntuhrè p`r bh nhjmhm sukojostrhmh l ojsthbhmh lj `grh lj ujnoþj h b`s mlthbbls y sl klmorè p`r polzh (pzh). Lsplnodnhno`jls ]ïnjonhs „ Ojsthbhno`jls ^hjothrohs „ Yèf. >
Lxplmoljtl ]ïnjon`3 ‒Klc`rhkoljt` y Hkpbohnoþj ml b`s ^lrvono`s Mlp`rtov`s mlb Y`bomlp`rtov` Torrly ]`blm` lj lb Mostrot` ml Nlrnhm` ml Bokh, Yr`vojnoh ml Bokh „ O Lthph
Ghsl ml phf`3 Lb phf` sl ehrè p`r ujomhm ml klmomh y prlno` ujothro` mldjom` lj lb prlsupulst`, y prlvoh hpr`ghnoþj mlb suplrvos`r quolj vlbhrè p`r su n`rrlnth lclnunoþj lj `grh.
8.<
\WOJHWO@ Mlsnropnoþj N`kprljml lb sukojostr` y n`b`nhnoþj ml uj \rojhro` phrh phrlm ml b`sh votrodnhmh n`b`r gbhjn` n`j Dbuxþkltr` ojmorlnt` phrh \rojhro`. Yr`nlmokoljt` N`jstrunv` Lb N`jtrhsth rlhbozhrè b`s trhghc`s ml n`b`nhnoþj ml b`s urojhro`s, n`j b`s hnnls`ro`s rlsplnv`s phrh su u ujn jno` o`jhk jhkol oljt jt`, `, ml hn hnul ulrm rm` ` n`k` n`k` sl ojmo ojmonh nh lj b`s pb pbhj hj`s `s11 n`jt n`jtrht rhthrè hrè bh kh khj` j` ml `g `grh rh lsplnohbozhmh phrh lst`s trhghc`s, n`j bh djhbomhm ml fhrhjzhr lb gulj ujno`jhkoljt`. Yhrh bh ojsthbhnoþj ml b`s urojhro`s sl n`b`nhrèj b`s plrj`s ml hjnbhcl y uj hjobb` ml nlrh lj bh shbomh ml mlshfòl, qul lsthrè h = »‛ ml nhjhsbbh rlk`vogbl, n`j neon`tls ml 8 »‛, trhkphs ‒p‛ ml 8 »‛ n`j rlfostr` r`snhm` y lsnum` h bh phrlm nr`khm`. Kït`m` ml klmonoþj3 Bh ujomhm ml klmomh ls p`r ujomhm (ujm). Ghsl ml Yhf` Bh nhjmhm mltlrkojhmh slfój lb kït`m` ml klmonoþj, slrè phfhmh hb prlno` ujothro` mlb n`jtrht`, y mon mone` e` phf phf` ` n`jst n`jstuorè uorè n`kpl n`kpljsh jshnoþ noþj j t`thb t`thb p`r lb n`st` n`st` ml khtlro khtlrohb, hb, lqu lquop` op`,, khj khj` ` ml `grh `grh l okprlvost`s jlnlshro`s phrh su n`rrlnth lclnunoþj.
9>.
K@TOKOLJ]@ ML ]OLWWH^
9>.98. LUNHTHNOÞJ LUNHTHNOÞJ ML SHJCH^ SHJCH^ ML^NWOYNOÞJ3 Lsth phrmh n`kprljml t`m`s b`s trhghc`s ml lxnhvhnoþj lj tlrrlj` j`rkhb, phrh bh hplrturh ml zhjchs m`jml sl hb`chrhj bhs tuglrëhs ml hfuh ml ujh rlm ugonhmh lj lb proklr pos`, slfój sl ojmonh lj b`s pbhj`s mlb pr`ylnt`. Bhs zhjchs p`mrèj ehnlrsl n`j bhs phrlmls vlrnhbls vlr nhbls solkprl qul lb tlrrlj` b` plrkoth ` sl bls mhrè thbumls hmlnuhm`s h bh jhturhblzh mlb kosk`. Lb hjne` ml bh zhjch lj lb `jm` mlglrè slr n`k` këjok` ml 9.49 k. Kït`m` ml klmonoþj3 Bh ujomhm ml klmonoþj ls p`r kltr` bojlhb (k) ml khtlrohb lxnhvhm`. Ghsl ml Yhf` Bh nhjmhm mltlrkojhmh slfój lb kït`m` ml klmonoþj, slrè phfhmh hb prlno` ujothro` mlb n`jtrht`, y mone` phf` n`jstuorè n`kpljshnoþj t`thb p`r lb n`st` ml khtlrohb, lquop`, khj` ml `grh l okprlvost`s jlnlshro`s phrh n`kpblthr bh phrmh.
Lsplnodnhno`jls ]ïnjonhs „ Ojsthbhno`jls ^hjothrohs „ Yèf. <
Lxplmoljtl ]ïnjon`3 ‒Klc`rhkoljt` y Hkpbohnoþj ml b`s ^lrvono`s Mlp`rtov`s mlb Y`bomlp`rtov` Torrly ]`blm` lj lb Mostrot` ml Nlrnhm` ml Bokh, Yr`vojnoh ml Bokh „ O Lthph
9>.97. WLDOJL _ JOTLBHNO JOTLBHNOÞJ ÞJ ML SHJCH Mlsnropnoþj3 Yhrh pr`nlmlr h bh ojsthbhnoþj ojsthbhnoþj ml bhs bëjlhs ml mlshfòl, mlshfòl, prlvohkljtl prlvohkljtl bhs zhjchs lxnhvhmhs mlglrèj mlglrèj lsthr rldjhmhs y jovlbhmhs. Lb rldjl n`jsostl lj lb plrdbhkoljt` thjt` ml bhs phrlmls n`k` mlb `jm`, tljoljm` lsplnohb nuomhm` qul j` qulmlj pr`tuglrhjnohs r`n`shs qul ehfhj n`jthnt` n`j lb nulrp` mlb tug`. Bh jovlbhnoþj sl llntuhrè lj lb `jm` ml bh zhjch, n`j lb p` ml nhkh ml hp`y` hpr`ghmh y lsplnodnhmh lj b`s pbhj`s. Kït`m` ml klmonoþj3 Bh ujomhm ml klmonoþj ls p`r kltr` bojlhb (k). Ghsl ml Yhf` Bh nhjmhm mltlrkojhmh slfój lb kït`m` ml klmonoþj, slrè phfhmh hb prlno` ujothro` mlb n`jtrht`, y mone` phf` n`jstuorè n`kpljshnoþj t`thb p`r lb n`st` ml khtlrohb, lquop`, khj` ml `grh l okprlvost`s jlnlshro`s phrh n`kpblthr bh phrmh.
9>.9>. NHKH ML HWLJH HWLJH E;9.89k E;9.89k Mlsnropnoþj3 Lsth phrmh n`kprljml t`m`s b`s trhghc`s y khtlrohbls jlnlshro`s phrh n`j`rkhr bh nhkh ml hp`y` ml bhs tuglrëhs lj lb `jm` ml bh zhjch ml ujh rlm ml hfuh. Lb khtlrohb h ubozhr phrh bh nhkh ml hp`y` ls hrljh frulsh n`j uj lspls`r ml 89 nk. ^l lclnuthrè lj b`s bufhrls m`jml sl sløhbhj lj b`s pbhj`s ml pr`ylnt`. Kït`m` ml klmonoþj3 Bh ujomhm ml klmonoþj ls p`r kltr` bojlhb (k) ml khtlrohb n`b`nhm`. Ghsl ml Yhf` Bh nhjmhm mltlrkojhmh slfój lb kït`m` ml klmonoþj, slrè phfhmh hb prlno` ujothro` mlb n`jtrht`, y mon mone` e` phf phf` ` n`jst n`jstuorè uorè n`kpl n`kpljsh jshnoþ noþj j t`thb t`thb p`r lb n`st` n`st` ml khtlro khtlrohb, hb, lqu lquop` op`,, khj khj` ` ml `grh `grh l okprlvost`s jlnlshro`s phrh n`kpblthr bh phrmh.
9>.9=. WLBBLJ@ WLBBLJ@ _ N@KYHN]HNOÞJ ML SHJCH^ SHJCH^ Mlsnropnoþj Lb rlbblj` sl ehrè n`j lb khtlrohb lxtrhëm`, bogrl ml polmrhs polmrhs,, rhënls y tlrr`jl tlrr`jlss frhjmls y hpos`jhm`s hpos`jhm`s ehsth hbnhjzhr ujh hbturh ml 9.>9k., s`grl bh tuglrëh. ^l n`kpblkljthrè lb rlbblj` vhnohjm` lb khtlrohb ml lxnhvhnoþj lj nhphs sunlsovhs ml 9.79 k, ml lspls`r kèxok`, rlfhmhs, hpos`jhmhs y golj n`kphnthmhs, ehsth hbnhjzhr n`k` këjok` lb ?9% mlb Yrþnt`r K`modnhm`.
Lsplnodnhno`jls ]ïnjonhs „ Ojsthbhno`jls ^hjothrohs „ Yèf. 4
Lxplmoljtl ]ïnjon`3 ‒Klc`rhkoljt` y Hkpbohnoþj ml b`s ^lrvono`s Mlp`rtov`s mlb Y`bomlp`rtov` Torrly ]`blm` lj lb Mostrot` ml Nlrnhm` ml Bokh, Yr`vojnoh ml Bokh „ O Lthph
Kït`m` ml Klmonoþj Bh ujomhm ml klmonoþj ls p`r kltr` bojlhb (k) ml khtlrohb rlbbljhm`. Ghsl ml Yhf` Lb phf` ml lsth phrmh slrè llntuhm` slfój bh nhjmhm lclnuthmh y hpr`ghmh. Lb prlno` ujothro` ojnbuyl lb phf` p`r lb khtlrohb, khj` ml `grh, lquop` y elrrhkoljths h ubozhr. Lb rlbblj` ml bhs zhjchs sl ehrè mlspuïs ml ehglrsl llntuhm` bh prulgh eomrèubonh lj bh tuglrëh ojsthbhmh.
9>.9). Ghsl ml Yhf` Bh nhjmhm mltlrkojhmh slfój lb kït`m` ml klmonoþj, slrè phfhmh hb prlno` ujothro` mlb n`jtrht`, y mone` prlno` n`jstuorè n`kpljshnoþj t`thb p`r lb n`st` ml khtlrohb, lquop`, khj` ml `grh l okprlvost`s jlnlshro`s phrh n`kpblthr bh phrmh.
9>.94 LBOKOJHNOÞJ ML KH]LWOHB LUNLMLJ]L MK;8). Ghsl ml Yhf` Bh nhjmhm mltlrkojhmh slfój lb kït`m` ml klmonoþj, slrè phfhmh hb prlno` ujothro` mlb n`jtrht`, y mone` phf` n`jstuorè n`kpljshnoþj t`thb p`r lb n`st` ml lquop`, khj` ml `grh l okprlvost`s jlnlshro`s phrh su n`rrlnth lclnunoþj.
9=.
^O^]LKH ML HF\H DWËH
9=.98.
^HBOMH^
9=.98.98 9=.98.97 9=.98.9> 9=.98.9=
^HBOMH ML HF\H DWËH ]\GLWËH YTN N-89 õ8/7‛ ^HBOMH ML HF\H DWËH ]\GLWËH YTN N-89 õ8‛ ^HBOMH ML HF\H DWËH ]\GLWËH YTN N-89 õ8 8/=‛ ^HBOMH ML HF\H DWËH ]\GLWËH YTN N-89 õ7‛ Mlsnropnoþj ^l ljljml hsë hb sukojostr` l ojsthbhnoþj ml bhs tuglrëhs ml 8/7‛ h 7‛ n`j sus hnnls`ro`s (tlls, n`m`s, rlmunno`jls, ltn.) ml nhmh pujt` ml hfuh mlsjhm` h hghstlnlr uj hphrht` shjothro`, fro` ` shbomh lsplnohb, mlsml bh n`jlxoþj mlb hphrht` ehsth su ljnuljtr` n`j bh tuglrëh ml hbokljthnoþj projnophb ` rhkhb ml hbokljthnoþj slnujmhro`, slfój slh lb nhs`. Bhs tuglrëhs mlb pujt` ml hfuh y b`s hnnls`ro`s (tlls, n`m`s, rlmunno`jls, ltn.), slrèj ml moèkltr`s ml >/=‛ y 8/7‛, ml khtlrohb YTN ^HY Nbhsl 89 ml p`bo nb`rur` ml vojob` pbhsdnhm` (YTN), n`j ujh prlsoþj këjokh ml trhghc` ml 89 af/nk7 ` 89 Ghrls (8=< Y^O), hgronhm`s lj n`jn`rmhjnoh n`j b`s rlquosot`s lsthgblnom`s lj bh J]J >??.97, >??.98? y J]L 997, mlb p` r`snhm`, soljm` prllrljtlkljtl ml hgronhnoþj jhno`jhb y ml rln`j`nomh nhbomhm. Bh ujoþj ljtrl hnnls`ro`s r`snhm`s slrè lkpblhjm` n`k` okplrklhgobozhjtl bh nojth tlþj, j` hmkoïjm`sl lb us` ml pojturh lj bh ujoþj, jo lb us` ml phgob` y jo lb lkpbl` ml jojfój p` ml plfhkljt`. ^l pr`nlmlrè h bh ojsthbhnoþj ml rlmls ml hfuh rëh ojtlro`r prlvo` uj trhzhm` ml hnulrm` h pbhj`s ml ojsthbhno`jls ml hfuh rëh, p`stlro`r h bh hpr`ghnoþj mlb suplrvos`r quolj vlrodnhrè lb dlb nukpbokoljt` ml j`rkhs y nhbomhm ml b`s khtlrohbls h ubozhrsl. Bhs tuglrëhs pulmlj or p`r lb pos` ` p`r bh phrlm. Nuhjm` bhs tuglrëhs vhj p`r lb pos` lsths mlglj ugonhrsl lj lb n`jtrhpos`. Lj b`s m`s nhs`s ehy qul slfuor b`s lcls ml bh n`jstrunnoþj. Ml prllrljnoh j` mlglj htrhvlshr p`r lb ojtlro`r ml hkgoljtls, mlglj slr bblvhmhs p`r phshmoz`s. B`s nhkgo`s ml morlnnoþj sl ehrèj jlnlshrohkljtl n`j n`m`s y b`s nhkgo`s ml moèkltr` n`j rlmunno`jls. Bhs tuglrëhs qul htrhvolshj cujths mlglrèj lsthr pr`vosths lj b`s bufhrls ml phs` ml n`jlxo`jls lxogbls ` ujo`jls ml lxphjsoþj.
Lsplnodnhno`jls ]ïnjonhs „ Ojsthbhno`jls ^hjothrohs „ Yèf. 5
Lxplmoljtl ]ïnjon`3 ‒Klc`rhkoljt` y Hkpbohnoþj ml b`s ^lrvono`s Mlp`rtov`s mlb Y`bomlp`rtov` Torrly ]`blm` lj lb Mostrot` ml Nlrnhm` ml Bokh, Yr`vojnoh ml Bokh „ O Lthph
Bhs shbomhs qulmhrèj lkp`trhmhs lj bh phrlm, mlgoljm` n`jthr lj su lxtrlk` djhb n`j ujh ujoþj prlsoþj r`snh ml YTN, uj jopbl ml 9.89 k. y uj n`m` ?9¹ ` tll r`snhmh (lb jopbl y lb hnnls`ro` n`m` ` tll mlglrèj slr ml eolrr` khblhgbl nbhsl 8.5
Ojhkhgobomhm
JY] >??.96
Hut`lxjfuogbl
N`ldnoljtl ml Dronnoþj
---
]ljsoþj ml Moslø`
---
Wlsostljnoh h bh ]rhnnoþj
H^]K M-4>5
j;9.99? Khjjojf1 N;8.98. 9=.9>.9 8. ^\KOJO^]W@ ^\KOJO^]W@ _ N@B@NHNOÞJ N@B@NHNOÞJ ML N@M@^ N@M@^ YTN 9=.9>.97. ^\KOJO^]W@ 9=.9>.97. ^\KOJO^]W@ _ N@B@NHNOÞJ N@B@NHNOÞJ ML ]LL^ ]LL^ YTN Mlsnropnoþj3 ^l ljljml hsë hb sukojostr` l ojsthbhnoþj ml hnnls`ro`s phrh lb nhkgo` ml morlnnoþj y moèkltr` ml 8/7‒, >/=‛, 8‛, 8 8/=‛, 8 8/7‛, 7‛ y 7 8/7‛ lj bh rlm ml hbokljthnoþj lxtlro`r ml hfuh p`thgbl phrr mlb bëkotl lxtlro`r lsthgblnom` p`r b`s kur`s qul n`jljl lb hkgoljtl (ghø`, n`nojh, bhvhjmlrëh, ltn.), b`s nuhbls slrèj ml khtlrohb YTN NY Nbhsl 89 ml p`bo nb`rur` ml vojob` pbhsdnhm` (YTN), n`j ujh prlsoþj këjokh ml trhghc` ml 8??.97, >??.98? y J]L 997, mlb p` ujoþj lxogbl, soljm` prllrljtlkljtl ml hgronhnoþj jhno`jhb y ml rln`j`nomh nhbomhm. Bh ujoþj ljtrl hnnls`ro`s lkg`jhm`s slrè lkpblhjm` plfhkljt` phrh YTN ml proklrh nhbomhm. B`s nhkgo`s ml morlnnoþj morlnnoþj sl ehrèj jlnlshrohkljt jlnlshrohkljtll n`j tlls y n`m`s n`m`s11 y b`s nhkgo`s ml moèkltr`
Lsplnodnhno`jls ]ïnjonhs „ Ojsthbhno`jls ^hjothrohs „ Yèf. 89
Lxplmoljtl ]ïnjon`3 ‒Klc`rhkoljt` y Hkpbohnoþj ml b`s ^lrvono`s Mlp`rtov`s mlb Y`bomlp`rtov` Torrly ]`blm` lj lb Mostrot` ml Nlrnhm` ml Bokh, Yr`vojnoh ml Bokh „ O Lthph
n`j rlmunno`jls. Bhs tuglrëhs qul htrhvolshj cujths mlglrèj lsthr pr`vosths lj b`s bufhrls ml phs` ml n`jlxo`jls lxogbls ` ujo`jls ml lxphjsoþj. N`jtr`b Lb n`jtr`b gèson` n`jsostl lj bh vlrodnhnoþj qul lb n`jtrhsth nukpbh n`j bhs nhrhntlrësnhs tïnjonhs y nhbomhm ml b`s khtlrohbls h ubozhr, qul b`s hnnls`ro`s ml bhs rlmls lxtlro`rls lstïj hmlnuhmhkljt hmlnu hmhkljtll ojsthbhm`s ojsthbhm`s y lj b`s bufhrls lsplnodnhm`s lsplnodnhm`s lj b`s pbhj`s ghc` rlsp`jshgobomhm rlsp`jshgobomhm mlb rlsomljtl ml `grh, vlrodnhr qul sl fhrhjnl su ojtlfromhm o jtlfromhm sonh phrh su þpk` ujno`jhko ujno`jhkoljt`. ljt`. Kït`m` ml klmonoþj3 Bh ujomhm ml klmomh slrè p`r \jomhm (\jm). Ghsl ml phf`3 Lb phf` sl ehrè p`r ujomhm ml klmomh y prlno` ujothro` mldjom` lj lb prlsupulst`, prlvoh hpr`ghn hpr `ghnoþj oþj mlb suplrvos suplrvos`r `r quolj quolj vlbh vlbhrè rè p`r su n`rrln n`rrlnth th lclnun lclnunoþj oþj lj `gr `grh. h. Bh koskh koskh qul rlprls rlp rlsljt ljthh bh n`kplj n`kpljshn shnoþj oþj ojtlfrh ojtlfrhbb phrh t`mhs t`mhs bhs `pl `plrhn rhno`j o`jls ls ml trhjsp trhjsp`rtl `rtl,, hbkh hbkhnlj nljhcl hcl,, khjopubl` ml b`s khtlrohbls, khj` ml `grh, elrrhkoljths, lquop`s, ltn.
9=.9=.
TÈBT\BH^
9=.9=.98. 9=.9=.9 8. TÈBT\BH^ TÈBT\BH^ L^DÏWONH L^DÏWONH ML »‛ 9=.9=.97. TÈBT\BH^ 9=.9=.97. TÈBT\BH^ L^DÏWONH L^DÏWONH ML 8‛ 9=.9=.9>. 9=.9=.9 >. TÈBT\BH^ TÈBT\BH^ L^DÏWONH L^DÏWONH ML ML 8 8/=‛ Mlsnropnoþj N`kprljml lb sukojostr` l ojsthbhnoþj ml t`m`s b`s klnhjosk`s ` lblkljt`s qul rlfubhj lb phs` mlb hfuh lj bhs rlmls ml hbokljthnoþj lxtlro`rls. Bhs Tèbvubhs ml ojtlrrupnoþj slrèj mlb p` n`kpulrth y lsïronhs ml gr`jnl plshmh, n`j ujo`jls r`snhmhs ml dlrr` fhbvhjozhm`, ml 8
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