2nd Lec Mamaril sample quiz

LECTURE Test of Understanding: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

How does a population outlive its members? How do sea slugs copulate? Can a Hydra reproduce sexually? How do you explain the “twofold cost” of sexual reproduction? What are the reproductive adaptations of higher animals that evolved to ensure the survival of offspring?

2.

Which of the following is a form of sexual reproduction? A.) fragmentation B) budding C) hermaphroditism D) parthenogenesis E) fission

3.

The "reproductive handicap" for sexual reproduction refers to ___ A the need for maturation prior to reproduction B the difficulty of finding mates C the need to provide energy for the offspring D have only half the offspring are females E dependence on hormonal cycles

4.

One of the evolutionary "enigmas," or unsolved puzzles, of sexual reproduction is that

TRUE OR FALSE. Write True if the statement is true in all cases. Otherwise, write False. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

8. 9. 10.

11. 12.

13. 14. 15.

Animals pair up for reproduction Sea slugs can impregnate and be impregnated at the same time Most animals reproduce asexually The sea anemone reproduces via transverse fission Budding is an asexual reproduction that are found in invertebrates and vertebrates Obelia has an alternation of generations Animals undergo sexual reproduction in favourable conditions, and when the environment is not suitable, they undergo asexual reproduction Fragmentation must always be accompanied by regeneration Ants and komodo dragons can undergo parthenogenesis Amictic females produce diploid eggs that do not need to be fertilized, while mictic females produce haploid eggs. All the eggs produced by an amictic female will be females Asexual reproduction enhances the reproductive success of parents when environmental factors change relatively rapidly Ovulation is the release of mature eggs at the end of the female cycle Reproductive cycles are controlled by hormones and environmental cues Crepidula fornicata exhibit male to female sex reversals

MULTIPLE CHOICE 1.

Which of the following are possible advantages of asexual reproduction? A) It allows the species to endure periods of fluctuating or unstable environmental conditions. B) It enhances genetic variability in the species. C) It enables the species to colonize new regions rapidly. D) Both A and B are true. E) A, B, and C are true.

A. sexual reproduction allows for more rapid population growth than does asexual reproduction. B. asexual reproduction is better suited to environments with extremely varying conditions. C. sexual reproduction is completed more rapidly than asexual reproduction. D. sexual reproduction is maintained even in animal species that can also reproduce asexually. E. asexual reproduction produces offspring of greater genetic variety.

5.

Animals utilizing external fertilization are typically _____. A land animals B insects C aquatic animals D animals that reproduce asexually E mammals IDENTIFICATION

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Sexual eggs of Daphnia Organ for sperm storage in female fruit flies Dormant archaeocytes in the gemmule Type of copulation in Aspidoscelis The structural part of the Hydra which is involved in the redirection of cell alignment during regeneration after fragmentation