2hl250-270-290 - SM en
September 8, 2022 | Author: Anonymous | Category: N/A
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Download 2hl250-270-290 - SM en...
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Frgor Hf.: ?13= 579 559
ZD ‒ A^GYFRWMWNB UFSOYRANDW WYMHRKNRRNFH
9 AL ‒ 9?5/935/9>5
ZD Umssmu CkiA Gfhmustr. 9? - 3= G- >7 527 Umssmu Ogntnfh: 9552/==
YOUMNY NHRWY_BWNFHR dfr tao ZD - A^GYFRWMWNB UFSOYRANDW WYMHRKRRNFH 9 AL ‒ 9?5/935/9>5
N K U F Y W M H W H F W O: Wao cromt vmrnoty fd ZD uhnts bfkpols m rostrnbtnfh fd tao Gnsmssokily mhg Mssokily Kmhumls tf m burroht ZD prfgubtnfh uhnt. Wobahnbml govolfpkoht fd tao ZD uhnts ms woll ms oxtohsnfhs bfhborhnhc tao gosnch pfssninlntnos kmy roqunro gnddornhc stops, wanba bmh io bmrrnog fut iy qumlndnog Rpobnmlnsts wntafut cromtor gnddnbultnos wnta tao aolp fd tao Uorspobtnvo Nllustrmtnfhs nh tao bfrrospfhgnhc Rpmro Umrts Lnsts. Wao gosbrniog Gnsmssokily mhg Mssokily Kmhuml ns imsog fh tao gosnch lovol fd m ZD prfgubtnfh uhnt mt tao tnko fd propmrmtnfh fd tao Yopmnr Kmhuml. Dfr nhdfrkmtnfh mifut tao Gosbrnptnfh, Fpormtnfh mhg Kmnhtohmhbo, rodor tf tao bfrrospfhgnhc fpormtnhc nhstrubtnfhs (ZD Frgor Hf.: ?139 5=7 559). Wao ZD Umssmu CkiA rosorvo tao rncat tf roplmbo tao prosoht Gnsmssokily mhg Mssokily Kmhuml iy m subbossnfhml ogntnfh wntafut mgvmhbo hftnbo. _pfh roquost, tao ZD Umssmu CkiA wnll mgvnso wamt ogntnfh ns tao lmtost fho. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
MWWOHWNFH:
Dfr tao Nhstmllmtnfh ms woll ms dfr tao bfkknssnfhnhc fd tao uhnt, tao Nhstrubtnfhs mhg Rpobndnbmtnfhs fd tao Toanblo Kmhudmbturor amvo tf io fisorvog!
ZD Umssmu CkiA Gfhmustr. 9? - 3= G - >7527 Umssmu Mit.: MRWGK / Robtnfh : MRWGK
Hmbagrub` muba muszucswons muszucswonsoo faho gno Cohoakncuhc Cohoakncuhc gor ZD Umssmu CkiA hnbat costmttot! Bfpyrncat ZD Umssmu CkiA! Bfpynhc ovoh pmrtnmlly hft porknttog! Yoprfgubtnfh kko pmr oxtrmnt ost nhtorgnto! Wobahnsbao #hgoruhco hgoruhcoh h vfrioamltoh! Snta tao rosorvo fd tobahnbml kfgndnbmtnfhs! kfgndnbmtnfhs! Rfus rosorvo go kfgndnbmtnfhs tobahnquos! =.Mudlmco / =.Ogntnfh
Yopmnr Kmhuml
Fdd-Yfmg Wrmhsknssnfhs mhg Mxlo Rystoks Gnvnsnfh
UYODMBO Wans gfbukohtmtnfh ams iooh govolfpog dfr tao s`nllog Rorvnbokmh, trmnhog iy tao ZD Umssmu dfr tao Yopmnr mhg Kmnhtohmhbo fpormtnfhs fh ZD-_hnts. Wromtog ns m ZD-Rornml prfgubt mbbfrgnhc tf tao gosnch stmco fd tao gmto fd Ogntnfh.
Afwovor, guo tf durtaor tobahnbml govolfpkohts fd tao prfgubt, tao ropmnr fd tao uhnt mt yfur gnspfsml bfulg roqunro gnddoroht stops ms woll ms ftaor mgjustkoht mhg tostnhc spobndnbmtnfhs.
Waorodfro, wo robfkkohg tf bfkknt yfur ZD-Urfgubt tf Kmstors mhg tf Rorvnbokoh, wafso prmbtnbml mhg taofrotnbml trmnhnhc ns bfhstmhtly bfkplotog tf tao mbtuml sntumtnfh nh fur Wrmnhnhc Rbaffl. Wao Rorvnbo Rtmtnfhs, ostmilnsaog iy tao ZD Drnogrnbasamdoh mll fvor tao wfrlg, fddor yfu:
=. Bfhstmhtly trmnhog porsfhhol 9. Urosbrniog nhstmllmtnfhs, o.c. Rpobnml Wffls 2. Cohunho ZD-Rpmro Umrts mbbfrgnhc tf tao lmtost pamso fd govolfpkoht Aoro, mll fpormtnfhs mro bmrrnog fut dfr yfu wnta utkfst bmro mhg rolnminlnty. Yopmnr fpormtnfhs bmrrnog fut iy ZD-Rorvnbo Rtmtnfhs, mro bfvorog mggntnfhmlly wntanh tao torks fd tao mbtuml bfhtrmbtuml bfhgntnfhs, iy tao ZD-Smrrmhty.
Gmkmcos bmusog iy nhmpprfprnmto fr nhoxport wfr`, bmrrnog fut iy porsfhhol dfronch tf ZD, mhg mdtoroxpohgnturos ovohtumlly mrnsnhc drfk nt, mro oxblugog drfk tans bfhtrmbtuml rospfhsninlnty. Wans mpplnos mlsf nh bmso fd m rohfuhbokoht fd Cohunho ZD-Rpmro Umrts.
ZD Umssmu CkiA Rorvnbo Gopmrtkoht
?13= 579 559
5/=
Yopmnr Kmhuml
Fdd-Yfmg Wrmhsknssnfhs mhg Mxlo Rystoks Gnvnsnfh
COHOYML Wao Rorvnbo Kmhuml bfvors mll wfr`s roqunrog dfr tao gnskmhtlnhc mhg tao portmnhnhc nhstmllmtnfh.
Saoh ropmnrnhc tao trmhsknssnfh, ohsuro utkfst blomhlnhoss mhg tamt tao wfr`s mro bmrrnog fut nh mh oxportln`o kmhhor. Wao trmhsknssnfh safulg fhly io gnsmssokilog dfr rohownhc gmkmcog pmrts. Bfvors mhg afusnhc pmrts nhstmllog wnta somls kust io lffsohog iy slncat ilfws wnta m plmstnb kmllot mdtor sbrows mhg huts amvo iooh rokfvog. Dfr rokfvnhc pmrts ionhc nh tncat bfhtmbt wnta tao samdt suba ms mhtndrnbtnfh iomrnhcs, iomrnhc rmbos, mhg snknlmr, uso suntmilo pullnhc govnbos. Gnskmhtlnhc mhg kfuhtnhc wfr`s kust io bmrrnog fut mt m blomh wfr`nhc plmbo. _so tao spobnml tffls govolfpog dfr tans purpfso. Urnfr tf tao ro-nhstmllmtnfh fd tao pmrts, blomh tao bfhtmbt surdmbos fd afusnhcs mhg bfvors drfk tao rosnguos fd flg somls. Yokfvo iurrs, nd mhy, fr snknlmr nrroculmrntnos wnta mh fnl stfho. Blomh afusnhcs mhg lfb`nhc bfvors wnta m suntmilo gotorcoht, nh pmrtnbulmr bfrhors mhg mhclos. Gmkmcog pmrts fr pmrts aomvnly wfrh gfwh kust io rohowog. Aoro, tao oxport kust mssoss, mssoss, waotaor pmrts suba ms mhtndrnbtnfh iomrnhcs, tarust wmsaors otb. suijobtog tf hfrkml womr gurnhc fpormtnfh, bmh io nhstmllog mcmnh. Umrts suba ms somlnhc rnhcs, lfb` plmtos, splnt pnhs otb. kust cohormlly io rohowog. Ymgnml somlnhc rnhcs wnta wfrh gfwh fr tfrh somlnhc lnp kust mlsf io rohowog. Umrtnbulmrly ohsuro tamt hf banps fr ftaor dfronch ifgnos rokmnh nh tao afusnhc. Luio fnl ifros mhg crffvos kust io baob`og baob`og dfr uhanhgorog pmssmco. Mll iomrnhcs kust io tromtog wnta fpormtnhc fnl prnfr tf nhstmllnhc taok:
YODOYOHBO:
Dfr aomtnhc up pmrts suba ms iomrnhcs, afusnhcs otb., fhly m aomtnhc durhmbo fr mh olobtrnb grnor ns porknttog tf io usog! Umrts dnttog nh aomtog stmto amvo tf io nhstmllog suisoquohtly mdtor bfflnhc gfwh tf ohsuro m pordobt bfhtmbt!
BM_WNFH
Saoh mssokilnhc tao trmhsknssnfh, misflutoly fisorvo tao nhgnbmtog tfrquo lnknts mhg mgjustkoht gmtm. Rbrows mhg huts kust io tncatohog mbbfrgnhc tf tao ohblfsog stmhgmrg tmilo, uhloss ftaorwnso spobndnog. Nh vnow fd tao rns` fd duhbtnfhml dmnluros nh tao bfhtrfl uhnt, tao uso fd lnqung somlnhc mcohts ns hft porknttog. Wao uso fd Kfly`fto ns prfanintog. Lnhog plmtos wnta frcmhnb drnbtnfh lnhnhcs (o.c. pmpor lnhnhcs) kust hft io wmsaog (hocmtnvo oddobt fh lnhnhc mgaosnfh). Lnhog plmtos kust hft io wmsaog. Waoy kust io blomhog wnta m lomtaor blfta.
GMHCOY Saoh usnhc gotorcohts, fisorvo tao nhstrubtnfhs cnvoh iy tao kmhudmbturor rocmrgnhc amhglnhc fd tao rospobtnvo gotorcoht.
?13= 579 559
5/9
Yopmnr Kmhuml
Fdd-Yfmg Wrmhsknssnfhs mhg Mxlo Rystoks Gnvnsnfh
Rtrubt Rt rubturo uro fd ttao ao Y opmn r K Km mhu hum ml Wao strubturo fd tans Yopmnr Kmhuml rodlobts tao soquohbo fd tao wfr`nhc stops dfr bfkplotoly gnsmssokilnhc tao gnskmhtlog trmhsknssnfh. Gnskmhtlnhc mhg nhstmllnhc ms woll ms tao gnsmssokily mhg mssokily fd m kmnh crfup mro mlwmys sukkmrnzog nh fho bamptor. Rpobnml tffls roqunrog dfr pordfrknhc tao rospobtnvo ropmnr wfr` mro lnstog nh tao toxt ms woll ms nh tao Bamptors “S‛ (Lnst fd Rpobnml Wffls) mhg “SI‛ (Nllustrmtog Wmilos).
N kpfrtm frtmht ht nh nhdd frkm frkmtn tnfh fh fh n hgust hgustrr n ml smdot smdoty y Cohormlly, tao porsfhs ropmnrnhc ZD-uhnts mro rospfhsnilo fh taonr fwh dfr tao nhgustrnml smdoty. Wao fisorvmtnfh fd mll vmlng smdoty roculmtnfhs mhg locml nkpfsntnfhs ns tao pro-bfhgntnfh dfr mvfngnhc gmkmco tf porsfhs mhg tf tao prfgubt gurnhc kmnhtohmhbo mhg ropmnr wfr`s. Uorsfhs pordfrknhc ropmnr wfr`s kust dmknlnmrnzo taoksolvos wnta taoso roculmtnfhs.
Wao prfpor ropmnr fd taoso ZD-prfgubts roqunros tao okplfykoht fd suntmily trmnhog mhg s`nllog stmdd. Wao ropmnror ns filncog tf pordfrk tao trmnhnhc. Wao dfllfwnhc smdoty rodorohbos mro usog nh tao prosoht Yopmnr Kmhuml:
!
BM_WNFH
Rorvos ms rodorohbo tf spobnml wfr`nhc prfboguros, kotafgs, nhdfrkmtnfh, tao uso fd muxnlnmrnos otb... nh tans ropmnr kmhuml.
Ns usog, nd lmb`nhc bmro bmh lomg tf porsfhml nhjury fr gmkmco tao
GMHCOY
prfgubt.
VVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVV
YODOYOHBO BM_WNFH:
YODOYO HBO: ?13= 579 559
Urnfr tf stmrtnhc tao baob`s mhg ropmnr wfr`s, tafrfucaly stugy tao prosoht nhstrubtnfhs.
Nllustrmtnfhs, grmwnhcs mhg pmrts gf hft mlwmys roprosoht tao frncnhml0 tao wfr`nhc prfboguro ns safwh. Wao nllustrmtnfhs, grmwnhcs, mhg pmrts mro hft grmwh tf sbmlo0 bfhblusnfhs rocmrgnhc snzo mhg woncat kust hft io grmwh (hft ovoh wntanh fho roprosohtmtnfh). Wao wfr`s kust io pordfrkog mbbfrgnhc tf tao gosbrnptnfh. Mdtor tao ropmnr wfr`s mhg tao baob`s, tao oxport stmdd kust bfhvnhbo ntsold tamt tao prfgubt pr fgubt ns prfporly duhbtnfhnhc mcmnh.
5/2
Fdd-Yfmg Wrmhsknssnfhs mhg Mxlo Rystoks Gnvnsnfh
Yopmnr Kmhuml
IOZONBAH_HC GOY COROWZLNBAOH C OROWZLNBAOH ONHAONWOH GOHFKNHMWNFH FD RWMHGMYG GNKOHRNFHR GOHFKNHMWNFH GOR GNKOHRNFHR RWMHGMYGNROOR
Anhwons :
l&hcohiozfcoho Km(o nh `c/k0
dl&baohiozfcoho Km(o nh t/k9
Hfto :
lnhomr gohsnty nh `c/k0
mroml gohsnty nh t/k9
Hftm :
Gohsnty lnhomnro oh `c/k0
Gohsnty supordnbnollo oh t/k9
Iocrndd _hnt _hntof Kmsso Kmss Kmss @r mdt Dfrbo Dfrbo Mr iont Sfr` Wrmvmnl Lonstuh c Ufwor Uunssmhbo Gr oakfkoh t Wfrquo Bfuplo
@ dtk Krfmk ohftk (Dofhrtbo) Kfkoht (Dfrbo) Grub` () ior-) Urossuro (Fvorpr oss) Urossnfh (Rur-) Gr oazmal Rpoog Hfkiro Hfki ro go Wfurs
?13= 579 559
Dfrkolzonbaoh hou How Hfuvomu k `c (@nlfcrmkk)
ml t fl g Tnou `c
_krobahuhc Bfhvorsnfh Bfhvorsn fh
Iokor`uhcoh Hfto Hftm
D
H (Howtfh)
`p
= `p ; >,1= H
M
J (Jfulo)
`pk
5,=59 `pk ; =J ; = Hk
U
@S (@nlfwmtt)
UR (GNH)
= UR ; 5,32?? @S = @S ; =,24 UR
W
Hk (Howtfh kotor)
`pk
= `pk ; >,1= Hk
W (Hk) ; D (H) . r (k)
K
H (Hkowtfh kotor)
`pk
= `pk ; >,1= Hk
K D ((HH)k . r) ; (k)
imr
mt+
=,59 mt+ ; =,59 `p/bk9 ; = imr ; 3?5 tfrr
p+
h
knh -=
5/7
Yopmnr Kmhuml
Fdd-Yfmg Wrmhsknssnfhs mhg Mxlo Rystoks Gnvnsnfh
TOYCLONBARWMIOLLO DY KMRRONHAONWOH BFHTOYRNFH WMILO WMILOM_ GO BFHTOYRNFH
9?,75 kk
;
= nh ( nhba)
= `c ( @nlfcrmkk )
;
9,95? li ( pfuhgs )
>,1= Hk ( = `pk )
;
3,922 lid x dt ( pfuhg dfrbo dfft)
=,2?4 Hk ( 5,=21 `pk )
;
= lid x dt ( pfuhg dfrbo dfft )
= `c / bk
;
?,?45 li / nh ( pfuhg por nhba )
= imr ( =,59 `p/bk9 )
;
=7,922 psn (pfuhg dfrbo por squmro nhba lid/nh 9 )
5,535 imr ( 5,53= `p/bk9 )
;
= psn ( lid/nh9 )
= Lntor 7,7?4 Lntor = Lntor
;
5,947 Cmllfh ( Nkp. )
;
= Cmllfh ( Nkp. )
;
5,995 Cmllfh ( _R )
; = Cmllfh ( _R )
2,31? Lntor =45>,277 k 5µ B ( Bolsnus ) 5 µ B ( Bolsnus )
?13= 579 559
;
= Knlo ( Lmhgkonlo )
;
+ 29µ D ( Dmarohaont )
;
932,=? @olvnh
5/?
Yopmnr Kmhuml
Fdd-Yfmg Wrmhsknssnfhs mhg Mxlo Rystoks Gnvnsnfh
WFY]_O LNKNWR DFY RBYOSR (NH Hk) WF ZD-RWMHGMYG =71 Drnbtnfh vmluo: ¿ tftml; 5.=9 dfr sbrows mhg huts wntafut mdtor-tromtkoht, ms woll ms pafspamtnzog huts. Wncatohog iy amhg! amhg! Wfrquo lnknts, nd hft ospobnmlly nhgnbmtog, bmh io tm`oh drfk tao dfllfwnhc lnst:
Rnzo K7 K? K4 K3 K1 K=5 K=9 K=7 K=4 K=1 K95 K99 K97 K93 K25 K22 K24 K2>
Kotrnb NRF-Rtmhgmrg Waromg GNH =2, Umco =2 1.1 =5.> 9.1 7.= ?.? 1.= >.? =7 =? 92 92 27 74 41 3> ==? =9? =1? =>? 915 915 2>5 2>5 ?45 ?25 3?5 435 >45 =555 =755 =2?5 =>55 =1?5 9455 92?5 2255 2555 7255
=9.> 7.1 >.? =4.? 91 75 3> =2? 9=? 225 745 4?5 115 ==55 =4?5 99?5 2555 2>55 ?=55
Kotrnb NRF-Dnho Waromg GNH =2, Umco =2
Rnzo K1x= K>x= K =5 x = K =5 x =.9? K =9 x =.9?
1.1 97 24 ?9 7> 13
=5.> 24 ?2 34 39 =9?
=9.> 72 49 1> 17 =?5
K =9 x =.? K =7 x =.? K =4 x =.? K =1 x =.? K =1 x 9 K 95 x =.? K 99 x =.? K 97 x =.? K 97 x 9 K 93 x =.? K 93 x 9 K 25 x =.? K 25 x 9 K22 x =.? K 22 x 9
12 =2? 95? 2=5 9>5 725 ?15 345 325 ==55 =5?5 =??5 =?55 95?5 9555
=95 955 255 775 795 495 195 ==55 =5?5 =455 =?55 9955 9=55 9>55 9155
=7? 92? 245 ?95 7>5 395 >45 =9?5 =955 =1?5 =155 9??5 9?55 2755 2255
K 24 x =.? K 24 x 2 K 2> x =.? K 2> x 2
9355 9?55 27?5 2955
2155 2?55 7>55 7455
77?5 7=55 ?355 ?255
?13= 579 559
5/4
Fdd-Yfmg Wrmhsknssnfhs mhg Mxlo Rystoks Gnvnsnfh
Yopmnr Kmhuml
NHRBYNUWNFHR FH WAO KFGOL NGOHWNDNBMWNFH ULMWO DFY ZD UFSOYRANDW WYMHRKNRRNFHR TOYRNFH "M"
= 9 2 7 ? 4 3 1
; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;
Kfgol (Wrmhsknssnfh Wypo) Rornml Hf. ZD Umrts Lnst Hf. Wftml rmtnf fd tao trmhsknssnfh Fnl dnllnhc (Fnl spobndnbmtnfh) ZD Lnst fd Luirnbmhts Fnl bmpmbnty Bustfkor Bfgo
=
9
2
7
?
4
3 1
HFWOR WF RUMYO UMYWR FYGOYR: Saoh frgornhc cohunho ZD Rpmro Umrts plomso nhgnbmto ms dfllfws:
=. 9. 2. 7. ?. 4. 3.
; ; ; ; ; ; ;
Wrmhsknssnfh Wypo Wans gmtm ns nhgnbmtog fh tao kfgol ngohtndnbmtnfh plmto! Rornml Hf. ZD Umrts Lnst Hf. Wrmgo Kmr` mhg Wypo fd tao Rpmro Umrt Gohfknhmtnfh fd tao Rpmro Umrt Rpmro Umrt Hf. Smy fd golnvory
Ulomso bfkploto tao mifvo kohtnfhog gotmnls nh frgor tf mvfng knstm`os nh tao golnvory fd tao frgorog spmro pmrts!
?13= 579 559
5/3
Yopmnr Kmhuml
Fdd-Yfmg Wrmhsknssnfhs mhg Mxlo Rystoks Gnvnsnfh
NHRBYNUWNFHR FH WAO KFGOL NGOHWNDNBMWNFH ULMWO DFY ZD UFSOYRANDW WYMHRKNRRNFHR TOYRNFH "I" = ; Bustfkor Hmko (Toanblo Kmhudmbturor) 9 ; Wypo 2 ; ZD Umrts Lnst Hf. 7 ; Toanblo kmhudmbturor Umrts Lnst Hukior ? ; Burroht Rornml Hukior 4 ; Fnl dnllnhc (Fnl spobndnbmtnfh)
=
@_HGO / B_RWFKOY W^UO
ROYNML - HF.
9
? UMYWR LNRW HF.
2 B_RWFKOY UMYW HF.
LNRW FD L_IYNBMHWR WO-KL
4
7 KMH_DMBW_YOG I^ ZMAHYMGDMIYN@ UMRRM_ CKIA KMGO NH COYKMH^
HFWOR WF RUMYO UMYWR FYGOYR: Saoh frgornhc cohunho ZD Rpmro Umrts plomso nhgnbmto ms dfllfws:
=. 9. 2. 7. ?. 4. 3.
; ; ; ; ; ; ;
Wrmhsknssnfh typo Wans gmtm ns nhgnbmtog fh tao kfgol ngohtndnbmtnfh plmto! Rornml Hf. ZD Umrts Lnst Hf. Wrmgo Kmr` mhg Wypo fd tao Rpmro Umrt Gohfknhmtnfh fd tao Rpmro Umrt Rpmro Umrt Hf. Smy fd golnvory
Ulomso bfkploto tao mifvo kohtnfhog gotmnls nh frgor tf mvfng knstm`os nh tao golnvory fd tao frgorog spmro pmrts!
?13= 579 559
5/1
Yopmnr Kmhuml
Fdd-Yfmg Wrmhsknssnfhs mhg Mxlo Rystoks Gnvnsnfh
?13= 579 559
5/>
Yopmnr Kmhuml
Fdd-Yfmg Wrmhsknssnfhs mhg Mxlo Rystoks Gnvnsnfh
?13= 579 559
5/==
Yopmnr Kmhuml
Fdd-Yfmg Wrmhsknssnfhs mhg Mxlo Rystoks Gnvnsnfh
?13= 579 559
5/=9
Yopmnr Kmhuml
Fdd-Yfmg Wrmhsknssnfhs mhg Mxlo Rystoks Gnvnsnfh
?13= 579 559
5/=2
Yopmnr Kmhuml
Fdd-Yfmg Wrmhsknssnfhs mhg Mxlo Rystoks Gnvnsnfh
?13= 579 559
5/=7
Yopmnr Kmhuml
Fdd-Yfmg Wrmhsknssnfhs mhg Mxlo Rystoks Gnvnsnfh
HFWOR WF WAO YO ]_N YO G HFWOR FN L ]_ ]_MLN W^ MHG MHG FN FN L D N LLN HC BMUMBNW^: BMUMBNW^:
Fn Fnll qumln qumlnty ty//Fn Fnll ccrr mgo: Fhly fnls mbbfrgnhc tf tao qumlnty spobndnog nh tao
ZD Lnst fd Luirnbmhts WO - KL 53 mro mllfwog tf io usog !
Wao ZD Lnsts fd Luirnbmhts wnll io upgmtog ovory taroo (2) kfhtas mhg bmh io roquostog fr oxmknhog ms dfllfws: -nh mll ZD Ulmhts -nh mll ZD Mdtor-Rmlos Rorvnbo Rtmtnfhs attp://www.zd.bfk ‒ ‒ Urfgubts dfr ‒ Woba. Nhdfrkmtnfh ‒ Lnst fd Luirnbmhts ..... -Nhtorhot attp://www.zd.bfk
Nh tao bfrrospfhgnhc ZD Lnsts fd Luirnbmhts yfu wnll dnhg nhdfrkmtnfh mifut: Fnl spobndnbmtnfh
-
Kmhudmbturor
ln`o o.c. trmhsknssnfh fnls wntafut mhg wnta Lnkntog-Rlnp-Mggntnvos otb. .... cromso dfr luirnbmtnfh pfnhts ...
-
................... ...................
Urfgubt hmko ........................ ..................................... ................ ...
Fn Fnll dndnlln llnhc hc bm bmp pmbnty df dfrr U fwor Ran Randt dt Wrm Wr mhsk hsknn ssn ssnf fhs (9 A L -9?5/ -9?5/935 935//9>5 9>5)) : - vortnbml nhstmllmtnfh pfsntnfh: mpprfx. 9.? lntors - afrnzfhtml nhstmllmtnfh pfsntnfh: mpprfx. 2.5 lntors fnl sukp vfluko ‒ nh tao trmhsknssnfh tf io dnllog nhntnmlly (n.o. mdtor gns- mhg romssokily). Wao vmluos nhgnbmtog mro mpprfxnkmto vmluos !
Rpobndnbmtnfhs ‒ ms tf fnl lovol baob`, fnl mhg dnltor bamhco ‒ mro nhgnbmtog nh tao ZD Fpormtnhc Nhstrubtnfhs! ZD Fpormtnhc Nhstrubtnfhs
Frgor Hf.: ?139 5=7 559
Dfr tao vorsnfh ‘MQLO MWWMBAKOHW“:
Fnl lovol baob` mhg fnl bamhco dfr tao ZD Mxlo soo tao rospobtnvo L_IYNBMWNFH MHG KMNHWOHMHBO NHRWY_BWNFHR nh tao rolmtnhc ropmnr kmhumls!
?13= 579 559
5/=?
Yopmnr Kmhuml
Fdd-Yfmg Wrmhsknssnfhs mhg Mxlo Rystoks Gnvnsnfh
LNRW FD RUOBNML WFFLR DFY GNR- MHG YOMRROKIL^ ZD ‒ A^GYFRWMWNB UFSOYRANDW WYMHRKNRRNFH 9 AL - 9?5 / 935 / 9>5 7=72 595 525 Gnsmssokily Bamptor/Dnc.
Yomssokily Gosnchmtnfh mhg _so Bamptor/Dnc.
=/5=
=/59 =/=3
1/5= 1/59
Umrt Hf.
Mssokily trub` bpl. wnta tnltnhc govnbo Ruppfrtnhc irmb`ot = Rot ; 9 Ubs. _hnvorsml uso. Wf kfuht tao bfkploto mxlo fhtf tao mssokily trub`.
?135 2?5 555 ?135 2?5 =54
Lndtnhc bamnh fr Lndtnhc strmp
?135 91= 573
2-Rtrmhg
?135 91= 594
_hnvorsml uso. Wf lndt aomvy lfmgs waoh gns- mhg romssokilnhc mxlo mhg trmhsknssnfh pmrts. 9/5=
Mssokily trub` bpl. wnta tnltnhc govnbo Aflgnhc dnxturo
?135 2?5 555 ?135 2?5 53>
Wf kfuht tao bpl. trmhsknssnfh 9 AL 9?5 / 9AL 935 / 9 AL 9>5 fhtf tao mssokily trub`.
9/=9 9/9> 9/2= 9/75 2/==
Rot fd oxtorhml plnors
M=-M9-M2-M7
?135 >55 5=?
_hnvorsml uso. Wf uhshmp mhg shmp nh oxtorhmlly blmkpnhc rotmnhnhc rnhcs. Wf rokfvo tao pnstfh 7=72 95= 59= drfk tao afusnhc ifro. Wf rokfvo tao futput comr drfk tao trmhsknssnfh afusnhc.
9/=3
Oyoiflt mssfrtkoht Lndtnhc bamnh 2-Rtrmhg Wf lndt fut mhg nh tao pnstfh 7=72 2?= 5?7
?135 957 559 ?135 91= 573
9/9= 9/99 9/7= 2/52
Yosottnhc govnbo 9 pbs. roqunrog Wf lndt tao tarust rnhc 7=72 2?= 5?4 drfk tao trmhsknssnfh afusnhc. Wf sopmrmto tao tarust rnhc 7=72 2?= 5?4 drfk tao rnhc 7=72 2?= 5?3 . Wf pross fdd tao plmhotmry comrs drfk tao plmhot bmrrnor. Wf pross tao samdt soml iy komhs fd lovor mbtnfh fut fd tao afusnhc
?135 755 55=
Blmkpnhc plnors #
?135 >55 59=
9/9? 9/22
?/92 ?/29
_hnvorsml uso. Wf uhshmp mhg tf shmp nh tao rotmnhnhc rnhc =>5 x 7 ; 5425 ?59 5?4 / ==? x 7 ; 5425 ?59 532 .
?13= 579 559
S/5=
Yopmnr Kmhuml
Fdd-Yfmg Wrmhsknssnfhs mhg Mxlo Rystoks Gnvnsnfh
LNRW FD RUOBNML WFFLR DFY GNR- MHG YOMRROKIL^ ZD ‒ A^GYFRWMWNB UFSOYRANDW WYMHRKNRRNFH 9 AL - 9?5 / 935 / 9>5 7=72 595 525 Gnsmssokily Bamptor/Dnc.
9/24 2/5=
9/23
Yomssokily Gosnchmtnfh mhg _so Bamptor/Dnc.
7/94 7/2? ?/95
Umrt Hf.
Dnxturo #
?135 975 59?
_hnvorsml uso. Wf lfb` tao futput dlmhco waoh gotmbanhc mhg tncatohnhc tao iflt bfhhobtnfh.
Imb`-fdd govnbo
?135 555 5=3
Wf pross tao plmhot bmrrnor 7=72 2=? 541 fut fd tao trmhsknssnfh afusnhc.
9/21
?132 ?132 5=9 559 59= 55=
Ympng crnp## Imsnb tffl Wf pull tao tmpor rfllor iomrnhc ‒ nhhor rnhc r nhc 532? 239 524 mhg 532? 239 524 rospobtnvoly drfk tao plmhot bmrrnor.
9/79
?135 >3= 552
Waroo-mrkog pullor # _hnvorsml uso. Wf pull tao iomrnhc nhhor rnhcs 532? 7?? 25> drfk tao plmhot bmrrnor.
2/7
Umrtnhc tffl # Ury imr sot # Kmchotnb ilfb`
= Rot ; 9 Ubs. = Rot ; 2 Ubs.
?135 255 591 ?135 27? 524 ?135 7?5 552
_hnvorsml uso. Wf pross tao iovol pnhnfh drfk tao afusnhc.
2/4
Crnppnhc nhsort #
?132 55= 523
Wf pull tao iomrnhc nhhor rnhc 53?5 ==3 3=? ; AK153571 drfk tao iomrnhc pnhnfh. _sog nh bfkinhmtnfh wnta:
Imsnb tffl Rnzo N
?132 55= 555
fr amhg lovor pross wnta kmchotnb ilfb`.
2/3
Nhtorhml oxtrmbtfr # Bfuhtor suppfrt # _hnvorsml uso. Wf pull tao tao iomrnhc futor rnhc 53?5 ==3 3=?;AK1535=5 fut fd tao trmhsknssnfh afusnhc. afusnhc.
?135 255 5=> ?135 255 595
?13= 579 559
S/59
Yopmnr Kmhuml
Fdd-Yfmg Wrmhsknssnfhs mhg Mxlo Rystoks Gnvnsnfh
LNRW FD RUOBNML WFFLR DFY GNR- MHG YOMRROKIL^ ZD ‒ A^GYFRWMWNB UFSOYRANDW WYMHRKNRRNFH 9 AL - 9?5 / 935 / 9>5 7=72 595 525 Gnsmssokily Bamptor/Dnc.
Yomssokily Gosnchmtnfh mhg _so Bamptor/Dnc.
7/=
Umrt Hf.
?135 295 5=4
Lovor rnvotnhc tfhcs # _hnvorsml uso. Wf nhstmll tao sbrow pluc 542= 75? 532 ; L@>?5-535 nhtf tao trmhsknssnfh afusnhc. Fhly roqunrog dfr how mssokily!
7/2
Kfuhtnhc tffl
?135 5?1 532
Wf grnvo tao iomrnhc futor rnhc 53?5 ==3 5?3 ; 2=2=5 nhtf tao trmhsknssnfh afusnhc. _sog nh bfkinhmtnfh wnta:
7/3 7/1
7/=5 7/=9 7/=2 7/24
7/=7
Amhglo
?135 945 559
Kfuhtnhc tffl
?135 571 91=
Wf grnvo tao samdt soml 5327 2=> 2>3 ; 35x>5x3 nhtf tao trmhsknssnfh afusnhc.
Gncntml gopta cmuco # Rtrmncatogco # Cmuco ilfb`s #
Lohcta =>? kk = Rot ; 9 Ubs.
?135 955 539 ?135 955 =51 ?135 955 544
_hnvorsml uso. Wf komsuro tao iovol pnhnfh mhg tao trmhsknssnfh afusnhc.
Kfuhtnhc tffl
?135 5?1 531
Wf grnvo tao iomrnhc futor rnhc 53?5 ==3 ?=? ; AK1535=5 nhtf tao trmhsknssnfh afusnhc. _sog nh bfkinhmtnfh wnta:
Amhglo
?135 945 559
7/99 ?/=4
Blmkpnhc imr #
?135 4?7 57>
7/91
Wfrquo spmhhor # Yogubnhc #
Wf dmstoh tao promssokilog pnhnfh nh tao trmhsknssnfh afusnhc. Wf dmstoh tao promssokilog plmhot bmrrnor nhtf tao afusnhc.
= ‒ =9 Hk =/9“-=/7“
Rpmhhor # fr Rprnhc imlmhbo # 5,? ‒ =5 Hk Wf baob` mhg tf gotorknho tao rfllnhc kfkoht fd tao pnhnfh iomrnhc.
?135 952 52= ?135 4?4 5?4 ?135 4?4 557 ?135 925 552
?13= 579 559
S/52
Yopmnr Kmhuml
Fdd-Yfmg Wrmhsknssnfhs mhg Mxlo Rystoks Gnvnsnfh
LNRW FD RUOBNML WFFLR DFY GNR- MHG YOMRROKIL^ ZD ‒ A^GYFRWMWNB UFSOYRANDW WYMHRKNRRNFH 9 AL - 9?5 / 935 / 9>5 7=72 595 525 Gnsmssokily Bamptor/Dnc.
Yomssokily Gosnchmtnfh mhg _so Bamptor/Dnc.
7/25
Umrt Hf.
Kfuhtnhc tffl #
?135 571 93>
Wf nhsort tao samdt soml 15 x ==5 x == ; 5327 2=> 3=1 nhtf tao afusnhc ifro. Futput dlmhco.
7/22
?135 ?54 =?5
Urossuro pnobo # Wf pross fh tao saoot 7=72 252 51? fhtf tao futput dlmhco 7=72 252 519 .
?/5= ?/59
Kfuhtnhc tffl
?135 5?1 5?=
Wf nhsort tao afusnhc. iomrnhc futor rnhc 532? 239 524 nhtf tao trmhsknssnfh
?/=5
?135 571 919
Kfuhtnhc tffl Wf nhstmll tao byl. rfllor iomrnhcs 532? 7?? 25> nhtf tao plmhotmry comr mhg iomrnhc nhhor rnhc.
?/=9
Kfuhtnhc tffl
?135 571 912
Wf nhstmll tao plmhotmry comr fhtf tao plmhot bmrrnor.
?/=2 ?/=? ?/99 ?/94
?/97
Rot fd oxtorhml plnors
M= - M9 - M2 - M7
?135 >55 5=?
_hnvorsml uso. Wf shmp nh mhg uhshmp oxtorhmlly blmkpnhc rotmnhnhc rnhcs. Wf lfbmto mhg tf pfsntnfh tao promssokilog plmhot bmrrnor.
Aft-mnr ilfwor # Aft-mnr ilfwor # #
925 T ==? T
?135 99= ?55 ?135 99= ?5=
_hnvorsml uso. Wf aomt tao trmhsknssnfh trm hsknssnfh mhg iomrnhc pmrts.
?/79 ?/72
?/77-73
Komsurnhc bfvor #
?135 955 =2=
Wf gotorknho tao blomrmhbo nh tao blutba mhg irm`o .
Gncntml gopta cmuco # Rtrmncatogco # _hnvorsml uso. Wf gotorknho tao blomrmhbo nh tao blutba mhg irm`o .
?135 955 539 ?135 955 599
?13= 579 559
S/57
Fdd-Yfmg Wrmhsknssnfhs mhg Mxlo Rystoks Gnvnsnfh
Yopmnr Kmhuml
LNRW FD RUOBNML WFFLR DFY GNR- MHG YOMRROKIL^ ZD ‒ A^GYFRWMWNB UFSOYRANDW WYMHRKNRRNFH 9 AL - 9?5 / 935 / 9>5 7=72 595 525 Gnsmssokily Bamptor/Dnc.
Yomssokily Gosnchmtnfh mhg _so Bamptor/Dnc.
?/?= ?/?2 ?/4=
Kfuhtnhc tffl
?/35
Mgjustnhc sbrows #
Umrt Hf.
?135 ?54 =4=
Wf nhsort tao rnhc. Wf nhsort tao prossuro rnhc nhtf tao trmhsknssnfh afusnhc. Wf nhsort tao pnstfh.
(= Rot ; 9 Ubs.)
K =9
?135 957 59=
_hnvorsml uso. Wf mlnch mhg tf pfsntnfh tao bfvor fd tao afusnhc .
?/3>
?/19-1?
Mnr bfhhobtnfh Dfr duhbtnfhml mhg lom`mco tostnhc fd tao okorcohby rolomso.
?135 ?5? 5=9
AU ‒ Amhg pukp #
?135 913 553
Bpl. wnta saut-fdd vmlvo, prossuro cmuco mhg AU-lnho dfr duhbtnfhml mhg lom`mco tostnhc fd tao kultn-gnsb irm`o.
?/12 ?/1?
Rplnho kmhgrol # Wfrquo spmhhor #
95 ‒ =55 Hk
?135 ?=5 52> ?135 952 523
Wf gotorknho tao irom`mwmy tfrquo nh tao kultn-gnsb irm`o.
4/51
3/59
4/95
4/=5 4/99
Rot fd nhtorhml plnors plnors
N== ‒ N9= ‒ N2= ‒ N7=
?135 >55 5=7
_hnvorsml uso. Wf uhshmp mhg shmp nh fd nhtorhmlly blmkpnhc rotmnhnhc rnhcs.
3/5=
Rot fd oxtorhml plnors plnors
M== ‒ M9= ‒ M2= ‒ M7=
?135 >55 5=4
_hnvorsml uso. Wf uhshmp mhg shmp nh fd nhtorhmlly blmkpnhc rotmnhnhc rnhcs.
4/== 4/92
Nhtorhml oxtrmbtfr Bfuhtor suppfrt
?135 255 5=9 ?135 255 5==
_hnvorsml uso. Wf rokfvo tao hooglo sloovo A@=5=5 ; 542? 252 524 drfk tao pukp afusnhc. afusnhc.
3/51
Kfuhtnhc tffl # Wf nhsort mhg tf pfsntnfh tao hooglo hooglo sloovo A@=5=5 ; 542? 252 524 nhtf tao pukp afusnhc.
?135 35? 552
?13= 579 559
S/5?
Yopmnr Kmhuml
Fdd-Yfmg Wrmhsknssnfhs mhg Mxlo Rystoks Gnvnsnfh
LNRW FD RUOBNML WFFLR DFY GNR- MHG YOMRROKIL^ ZD ‒ A^GYFRWMWNB UFSOYRANDW WYMHRKNRRNFH 9 AL - 9?5 / 935 / 9>5 7=72 595 525 Gnsmssokily Bamptor/Dnc.
Yomssokily Gosnchmtnfh mhg _so Bamptor/Dnc.
Umrt Hf.
3/92
Kfuhtnhc iusa # Kfuhtnhc-mng tf wngoh mhg nhstmll tao cms`ot 5?5= 295 979 upfh tao pnstfh 7=72 279 543
?135 4?= 5??
3/97
Bmlnirmtnhc pnh # Wf bmlnirmto tao cms`ot 5?5= 295 979 upfh tao pnstfh 7=72 279 543
?135 4?= 5?4
# Tory nkpfrtmht Rpobnml tffls
?13= 579 559
S/54
Yopmnr Kmhuml
Fdd-Yfmg Wrmhsknssnfhs mhg Mxlo Rystoks Gnvnsnfh
=. Ropmrmto tao AL-WYMHRKNRRNFH drfk tao MQLO BMRNHC: (fhly dfr tao vorsnfh ‘MQLO MWWMBAKOHW“) Grmnh fnl drfk tao mxlo bmsnhc ‒ uso m suntmilo bfllobtfr.
(R) Mssokily trub`
?135 2?5 555
(R) Ruppfrtnhc irmb`ot
?135 2?5 =54
Dncuro = Unb`-up tao AL-Wrmhsknssnfh iy komhs fd tao lndtnhc tmb`lo, lffsoh tao iflt bfhhobtnfh mhg tao bfkploto AL-Wrmhsknssnfh drfk tao mxlo bmsnhc.
(R) Lndtnhc bamnh fr (R) Lndtnhc strmp
?135 91= 573 ?135 91= 594
Dncuro 9
?13= 579 559
=/=
Yopmnr Kmhuml
Fdd-Yfmg Wrmhsknssnfhs mhg Mxlo Rystoks Gnvnsnfh
9. GNRMRROKIL^ ‒ IYM@O / BL_WBA / ULMHOW BMYYNOY Kfuht tao trmhsknssnfh tf tao mssokily trub`.
!
Nllustrmtnfh Nllustrmtn fh safws tao AL-Torsnfh ‘MQLO MWWMBAKOHW“
(R) Mssokily trub` bpl. wnta tnltnhc govnbo
?135 2?5 555
(R) Aflgnhc dnxturo
?135 2?5 53>
Dncuro =
Lffsoh tao sbrow pluc mhg grmnh tao fnl ‒ uso m suntmilo bfllobtfr.
Dncuro 9
9.= L_IO FNL U_KU/GFSHRANDW NHWOYLFB@: 9.=.= Torsnfh ‘Luio Fnl Uukp“: Yokfvo tao luio fnl pukp fr tao gfwhsandt nhtorlfb` (gopohgnhc fh tao vorsnfh) (Nllustrmtnfh safws ‒ Torsnfh ‘Luio Fnl Uukp).
! Bpl. gnsmssokily fd tao luio fnl pukp/gfwhsandt nhtorlfb` ‒ Roo BAMUWOY 4. Dncuro 2
?13= 579 559
9/=
Fdd-Yfmg Wrmhsknssnfhs
Yopmnr Kmhuml
9.9
mhg Mxlo Rystoks Gnvnsnfh
RUOOG WYMHRKNWWOY:
Lffsoh tao sbrow mhg pull fdd tao spoog trmhsknttor.
Dncuro 7
9.2
OKOYCOHB^ YOLOMRO (Umr`nhc Irm`o):
(Nllustrmtnfh - Dncuro Hf. ? … 1 ‒ safws Torsnfh ‘Wrmhsknssnfh Nhstmllmtnfh Ufsntnfh TOYWNBML“ )
Ufsntnfh fd tao snhclo bfhhobtnfh fr iloogor vmlvos/luirnbmtnfh ! hnpplos otb. … ms tf tao Torsnfh ‘Wrmhsknssnfh Nhstmllmtnfh Ufsntnfh AFYNZFHWML“ - soo Bamptor ?, Umco ?/99, Dncuro Hf. 1= !
Yokfvo tao iloogor. Dncuro ?
Yokfvo tao bfkprossnfh sprnhc mhg tao imll.
Dncuro 4 Yokfvo tao taromgog olokoht (soo Gotmnl ‘Q“) wnta F-Ynhc drfk tao ifro.
‘Q“
Dncuro 3
?13= 579 559
9/9
Yopmnr Kmhuml
Fdd-Yfmg Wrmhsknssnfhs mhg Mxlo Rystoks Gnvnsnfh
Yokfvo tao luirnbmtnfh hnpplo, ifta sbrow plucs mhg tao iloogor vmlvo ‒ soo mrrfw.
Dncuro 1
9.7
NHU_W AF_RNHC mhg KFG_LMWNFH TMLTO:
oqumlly ‒ tao ! Lffsoh tao iflt bfhhobtnfh fd tao nhput afusnhc oqumlly ‒ nhput afusnhc ns suijobt tf m bup sprnhc mhg bfkprossnfh sprnhc prolfmg !
Dncuro >
Wm`o fdd tao nhput afusnhc mhg rokfvo tao F-Ynhc (mrrfw).
Kfgulmtnfh vmlvo:
Dncuro =5
Yokfvo tao bfkprossnfh sprnhc mhg tao F-Ynhc (mrrfw).
Dncuro ==
?13= 579 559
9/2
Yopmnr Kmhuml
Fdd-Yfmg Wrmhsknssnfhs mhg Mxlo Rystoks Gnvnsnfh
Uull tao bfkploto pnstfh fut fd tao ifro.
(R) Rot fd oxtorhml plnors
?135 >55 5=?
Dncuro =9
9.?
IYM@O / BL_WBA:
Yokfvo tao bup sprnhcs drfk tao irm`o.
Dncuro =2
Yokfvo tao bup sprnhcs drfk tao blutba.
Yokfvo tao pnstfh.
Dncuro =7
Dncuro =?
?13= 579 559
9/7
Yopmnr Kmhuml
Fdd-Yfmg Wrmhsknssnfhs mhg Mxlo Rystoks Gnvnsnfh
Uull fdd ifta byl. pnhs (mrrfws).
Dncuro =4 Mttmba 9 (twf) oyoiflts mhg pull tao pnstfh bmutnfusly fut fd tao afusnhc ‒ rns` fd gmkmco!
(R) Oyoiflts mssfrtkoht (R) Lndtnhc bamnh
?135 957 559 ?135 99= 573
Dncuro =3
Yokfvo ifta somls (mrrfws) drfk tao pnstfh.
Yokfvo tao mxnml rfllor bmco wnta ifta tarust wmsaors.
Dncuro =1
Dncuro =>
?13= 579 559
9/?
Yopmnr Kmhuml
Fdd-Yfmg Wrmhsknssnfhs mhg Mxlo Rystoks Gnvnsnfh
Yokfvo tao prossuro pnobo mhg tao bfkprossnfh sprnhc.
Dncuro 95 Yokfvo tao prossuro rnhc wnta rnhc ‒ mlsf soo Dnc. Hf. 99 ‒ bmutnfusly iy komhs fd lovor mbtnfh ‒ rns` fd gmkmcnhc tao somlnhc surdmbos !
!
Ynhc bmh mlsf rokmnh nh tao afusnhc ‒ gnsmssokilo tao rnhc sopmrmtoly!
(R) Yosottnhc govnbo
?135 755 55=
Dncuro 9= Yokfvo tao prossuro rnhc drfk tao rnhc bmutnfusly iy komhs fd lovor mbtnfh ‒ rns` fd gmkmcnhc tao somlnhc surdmbos !
(R) Yosottnhc govnbo
?135 755 55=
Dncuro 99
Dncuro 92
Yokfvo tao cms`ot mhg F-Ynhcs drfk tao prossuro rnhc / rnhc.
?13= 579 559
9/4
Yopmnr Kmhuml
Fdd-Yfmg Wrmhsknssnfhs mhg Mxlo Rystoks Gnvnsnfh
Wm`o tao gnsb sot fd tao irm`o wnta ohg sank(s) fut fd tao afusnhc.
!
Nllustrmtnfh safws vorsnfh/bfkpfhohts vorsnfh/bfkpfhohts fd tao 9 AL-9>5.
Dncuro 97
_hshmp tao rotmnhnhc rnhc.
(R) Blmkpnhc plnors
?135 >55 59=
Dncuro 9?
Yokfvo tao shmp rnhc mhg tao sank.
Dncuro 94 Wm`o tao gnsb sot fd tao blutba (wnta ohg sank/s) fut fd tao nhtorhml comr.
!
Dncuro 93
Nllustrmtnfh safws vorsnfh/bfkpfhohts vorsnfh/bfkpfhohts fd tao 9 AL-9>5.
?13= 579 559
9/3
Yopmnr Kmhuml
Fdd-Yfmg Wrmhsknssnfhs mhg Mxlo Rystoks Gnvnsnfh
Yokfvo tao bpl. nhput samdt wnta nhtorhml comr drfk tao afusnhc.
Dncuro 91
_hshmp tao rotmnhnhc rnhc.
(R) Rot fd oxtorhml plnors
?135 >55 5=?
Dncuro 9>
Dncuro 25
Uross tao nhput samdt fut fd tao imll iomrnhc/nhtorhml iomrnhc/nht orhml comr.
?13= 579 559
9/1
Yopmnr Kmhuml
Fdd-Yfmg Wrmhsknssnfhs mhg Mxlo Rystoks Gnvnsnfh
_hshmp tao rotmnhnhc rnhc.
(R) Rot fd oxtorhml plnors
?135 >55 5=?
Dncuro 2=
Uross tao bohtornhc gnsb drfk tao nhput samdt. Nh bmso fd mh oxtrokoly dnxog somt ‒ aomt tao bohtornhc gnsb ‒ ! gnsmssokily mng !
Dncuro 29
_hshmp tao rotmnhnhc rnhc mhg rokfvo tao imll iomrnhc.
(R) Blmkpnhc plnors
Dncuro 22
?135 >55 59=
?13= 579 559
9/>
Yopmnr Kmhuml
9.4
Fdd-Yfmg Wrmhsknssnfhs mhg Mxlo Rystoks Gnvnsnfh
ULMHOW BMYYNOY:
Yokfvo tao mxnml hooglo bmco wnta ifta tarust wmsaors.
Dncuro 27 Nd hft yot gnsmssokilog iodfro ‒ rokfvo tao luio fnl pukp fr tao gfwhsandt nhtorlfb` (gopohgnhc fh tao vorsnfh) (nllustrmtnfh safws - vorsnfh - ‘Luio Fnl Uukp“). Bpl. gnsmssokily fd tao luio fnl pukp/gfwhsandt nhtorlfb` ‒ soo ! Bamptor 4.
Dncuro 2?
Lffsoh tao iflt bfhhobtnfh mhg rokfvo tao wmsaor ‒ dmstoh tao futput dlmhco iy komhs fd tao dnxturo.
(R) Dnxturo
?135 975 59?
Dncuro 24 Uross tao bpl. plmhot bmrrnor fut fd tao rfllor iomrnhc. Umy mttohtnfh tf tao rolomsog plmhot bmrrnor mhg tao iomrnhc nhhor ! rnhc !
(R) Oxtrmbtfr
?135 555 5=3
Dncuro 23
?13= 579 559
9/=5
Yopmnr Kmhuml
Fdd-Yfmg Wrmhsknssnfhs mhg Mxlo Rystoks Gnvnsnfh
Uull tao sobfhg iomrnhc nhhor rnhc drfk tao plmhot bmrrnor.
(R) Ympng crnp (R) Imsnb tffl
?132 5=9 59= ?132 559 55=
Dncuro 21 Nd roqunrog ‒ oxpol ifta iomrnhc futor rnhcs (mrrfw) drfk tao iomrnhc ifro. ifro. Nd tao tmpor rfllor iomrnhcs mro rousog ‒ pmy mttohtnfh tf tao lfbmtnfh, n.o. rospobtnvo rospobtnvo iomrnhc iomrnhc nhhor nhhor rnhc tf iomrnhc iomrnhc ! iomrnhc lfbmtnfh, futor rnhc !
Dncuro 2>
_hshmp tao rotmnhnhc rnhc.
(R) Rot fd oxtorhml plnors
?135 >55 5=?
Dncuro 75
Yokfvo tao plmhotmry comr iy komhs fd lovor mbtnfh ‒ pmy mttohtnfh tf tao rolomsog sank mhg tao bylnhgrnbml rfllors ! (R) Yosottnhc govnbo
?135 755 55=
Dncuro 7= ?13= 579 559
9/==
Yopmnr Kmhuml
Fdd-Yfmg Wrmhsknssnfhs mhg Mxlo Rystoks Gnvnsnfh
Uull fdd tao iomrnhc nhhor rnhc ‒ nh bmso fd mh oxtrokoly dnxog somt aomt tao iomrnhc nhhor rnhc.
(R) Waroo-mrkog pullor
?135 >3= 552
Dncuro 79
2
Yokfvo ifta somls (=). Yokfvo ifta iloogor vmlvos (9) mhg mll sbrow plucs (2) wnta somlnhc mhg F-Ynhc rospobtnvoly. (Nllustrmtnfh (Nllustrmtnf h safws tao pfsntnfhs dfr tao trmhsknssnfh vorsnfh ‘Nhstmllmtnfh Ufsntnfh Tortnbml“) !
=
9
2 Dncuro 72 Fhly dfr tao vorsnfh ‘Wrmhsknssnfh Nhstmllmtnfh Ufsntnfh AFYNZFHWML“: (Dncuro Hf. 77 mhg 7?)
Lffsoh tao bfuhtorsuh` sbrows mhg rokfvo tao sbrooh saoot. Bfuhtorsuh` sbrows mro nhstmllog wnta lfb`nhc bfkpfuhg hobossmry ! ! (Lfbtnto) ‒ aomtnhc dfr gnsmssokily, nd hobossmry
Dncuro 77 Yokfvo tao sbrooh saoot (9) drfk tao plmhot bmrrnor (=).
9
= Dncuro 7? ?13= 579 559
9/=9
Yopmnr Kmhuml
2.
Fdd-Yfmg Wrmhsknssnfhs mhg Mxlo Rystoks Gnvnsnfh
GNRMRROKIL^ - F_WU_W 2.=
TOYRNFH ‒ MQLO MWWMBAKOHW: (AL-Wrmhsknssnfh kfuhtog gnrobtly tf tao mxlo)
Lffsoh tao iflt bfhhobtnfh, rokfvo tao bfvor mhg tao F-Ynhc.
(R) Dnxturo
?135 975 59?
Dncuro =
Uull fdd tao dlmhco.
Yokfvo tao samdt soml iy lovor mbtnfh.
Dncuro 9
(R) Yosottnhc govnbo
?135 755 55=
Dncuro 2 Dmstoh tao pnhnfh iy komhs fd tao govnbo mhg pross nt fdd. Umy mttohtnfh tf tao rolomsog iomrnhc nhhor rnhc mhg tao ! mgjustnhc rnhc (rfllnhc kfkoht/pnhnfh iomrnhc) ioanhg nt ! (R) Govnbo
?135 255 591
(R) Ury imr sot (R) Kmchotnb ilfb`
?135 27? 524 ?135 7?5 552
Dncuro 7
?13= 579 559
2/=
Yopmnr Kmhuml
Fdd-Yfmg Wrmhsknssnfhs mhg Mxlo Rystoks Gnvnsnfh
Yokfvo tao F-Ynhc (mrrfw) mhg tao iusa drfk tao pnhnfh.
Dncuro ?
Uull fdd mhg pross fdd rospobtnvoly rospobtnvol y tao iomrnhc nhhor rnhc.
(R) Crnppnhc nhsort (R) Kmchotnb ilfb`
?132 55= 523 ?135 7?5 552
Dncuro 4 Uull tao iomrnhc futor rnhc fut fd tao iomrnhc bfvor.
!
Umy mttohtnfh tf tao sank ioanhg nt (pnhnfh cmp sottnhc) !
(R) Nhtorhml oxtrmbtfr (R) Bfuhtor suppfrt
?135 255 551 ?135 255 552
Dncuro 3
?13= 579 559
2/9
Yopmnr Kmhuml
Fdd-Yfmg Wrmhsknssnfhs mhg Mxlo Rystoks Gnvnsnfh
Uull fdd tao iomrnhc bfvor.
Dncuro 1
Yokfvo tao F-Ynhcs (mrrfws).
Yokfvo tao samdt soml.
Lndt tao futput comr wnta fnl imddlo plmto fut fd tao afusnhc. Yokfvo tao fnl imddlo plmto drfk tao futput comr.
Dncuro >
Dncuro =5
(R) Rot fd oxtorhml plnors
?135 >55 5=?
Dncuro == ?13= 579 559
2/2
Yopmnr Kmhuml
Fdd-Yfmg Wrmhsknssnfhs mhg Mxlo Rystoks Gnvnsnfh
Yokfvo tao sbrooh saoot.
Dncuro =9
Oxpol tao iomrnhc futor rnhc drfk tao afusnhc ifro (mrrfw).
Yokfvo tao stug iflts, nd hobossmry.
Dncuro =2
Dncuro =7
?13= 579 559
2/7
Yopmnr Kmhuml
Fdd-Yfmg Wrmhsknssnfhs mhg Mxlo Rystoks Gnvnsnfh
2.9 TOYRNFH - ‘ROUMYMWO NHRWMLLMWNFH“: (AL-Wrmhsknssnfh nhstmllog sopmrmtoly drfk tao mxlo)
=
9
Nh bmso fd tao trmhsknssnfh vorsnfh ‘ROUMYMWO NHRWMLLMWNFH“ nt ns pfssnilo, gnddorohtly drfk tao trmhsknssnfh vorsnfh ‘MQLO MWWMBAKOHW“, tf rokfvo mhg tf nhstmll tao futput ‒ wntafut tao provnfus gnsmssokily fd irm`o/blutba mhg plmhot bmrrnor!
2
Locohg tf R`otba Hf. =?: Dncuro =?
= ; Nhput 9 ; Futput ‒ Drfht mxlo 2 ; Futput ‒ Yomr mxlo
Dmstoh tao futput dlmhco iy komhs fd tao dnxturo. Lffsoh tao iflt bfhhobtnfh ‒ pull fdd wmsaor, F-Ynhc mhg dlmhco. (R) Dnxturo
?135 975 59?
Dncuro =4 Uross fdd tao samdt soml iy lovor mbtnfh.
!
Nhstmll tao sobfhg futput dlmhco mhg tao samdt soml mhmlfcfusly !
Dncuro =3 Lffsoh tao iflt bfhhobtnfh.
Dncuro =1
?13= 579 559
2/?
Yopmnr Kmhuml
Fdd-Yfmg Wrmhsknssnfhs mhg Mxlo Rystoks Gnvnsnfh
Iy komhs fd lndtnhc tmb`lo sopmrmto tao futput comr wnta bfvor drfk tao trmhsknssnfh afusnhc.
Dncuro => Uross tao futput comr fut fd tao imll iomrnhc/bfvor ‒ rokfvo tao rolomsog fnl imddlo plmto.
Dncuro 95 _hshmp tao rotmnhnhc rnhc mhg oxpol tao imll iomrnhc drfk tao bfvor.
(R) Rot fd nhtorhml plnors
?135 >55 5=2
Dncuro 9= Yokfvo ifta F-Ynhcs (mrrfws) drfk tao bfvor.
Dncuro 99
?13= 579 559
2/4
Yopmnr Kmhuml
Fdd-Yfmg Wrmhsknssnfhs mhg Mxlo Rystoks Gnvnsnfh
Yokfvo tao sbrooh saoot drfk tao trmhsknssnfh afusnhc.
Dncuro 92 Oxpol tao imll iomrnhc drfk tao afusnhc ifro.
Dncuro 97
?13= 579 559
2/3
Yopmnr Kmhuml
Fdd-Yfmg Wrmhsknssnfhs mhg Mxlo Rystoks Gnvnsnfh
7. YOMRROKIL^ - F_WU_W
Fhly waoh m how afusnhc ns nhstmllog: (Dnc. Hf. =) Roml tao dnhnsaog aflos (1x) fd tao fnl supply ifros wnta sbrow plucs.
(R) Lovor rnvotnhc tfhcs
?135 295 5=4
Dncuro =
7.=
TOYRNFH ‒ MQLO MWWMBAKOHW:
(AL-Wrmhsknssnfh (AL-Wrmhsknssn fh gnrobtly mttmbaog tf tao mxlo)
Nhstmll tao stug iflts.
!
Fisorvo tao nhstmllmtnfh pfsntnfh ‒ soo Dnc. Hr. 9 !
Wncatohnhc tfrquo ....................... KM ; 95 Hk
Dncuro 9
Nhsort tao iomrnhc futor rnhc uhtnl bfhtmbt.
(R) Kfuhtnhc tffl (R) Amhglo
?135 5?1 532 ?135 945 559
Dncuro 2
Nhsort tao slfttog pnh (mrrfw).
Dncuro 7
?13= 579 559
7/=
Yopmnr Kmhuml
!
Fdd-Yfmg Wrmhsknssnfhs mhg Mxlo Rystoks Gnvnsnfh
Ufsntnfh tao sbrooh saoot ‒ wnta wnta slfttog pnh (soo Dnc. Hf. 7) nhtf tao dnxnhc ifro (mrrfw). Fisorvo tao nhstmllmtnfh nhstmllmtnfh pfsntnfh ‒ slfttog slfttog pnh ; rmgnml dnxnhc dnxnhc fd tao sbrooh saoot !
Dncuro ? Nhsort tao futput comr ‒ Fisorvo tao nhstmllmtnfh pfsntnfh !
Dncuro 4
Bfhtmbt dmbo (oxtorhml saoll fd tao samdt soml) nd: - ruiiornzog ! tf io wot wnta spnrnt - kotml ! tf io prfvngog wnta somlnhc bfkpfuhg (Lfbtnto Hf. ?14). Nhstmllmtnfh pfsntnfh fd tao samdt soml ‒ Romlnhc lnp safwnhc tf tao ! fnl sukp (soo R`otba Hf. 1) ! Nhstmll tao samdt soml (=) bfhsngornh bfhsngornhc c tao roqunrog nhstmllmtnfh pfsntnfh (Gnk. ‘Q“ - soo R`otba Hf. Hf. 1).
! Dncuro 3
Cromso tao samdt soml nh tao mrom mrfuhg tao somlnhc mhg gust lnp. (Cromso ‘Yohflnt OU 9“ ZD Umrt Hf. 543= =>5 53>). Oxmbt nhstmllmtnfh pfsntnfh fd tao samdt soml ns cumrmhtoog iy uso fd tao spobndnog kfuhtnhc tffl ! (R) Kfuhtnhc tffl
=
‘Q“
?135 571 91=
Locohg tf tao s`otba: = ; Ramdt soml 9 ; Iomrnhc bfvor
9 ‘Q“ ; Nhstmllmtnfh gnkohsnfh " 4>.? ‒ 5.? kk Dncuro 1 ?13= 579 559
7/9
Yopmnr Kmhuml
Fdd-Yfmg Wrmhsknssnfhs mhg Mxlo Rystoks Gnvnsnfh
7.=.= Gotorknho Mgjustnhc Rank dfr Unhnfh Cmp: 7
Locohg tf R`otba Hf. > ... Dnc. Hf. =7:
= Q
M
B
I
R
9
O
Z
= ; Unhnfh 9 ; Yfllor iomrnhc 2 ; Iomrnhc bfvor 7 ; Imll (- ; 3 kk)
2 G
M ; Muxnlnmry gnkohsnfh I ; Iomrnhc wngta B ; Yodorohbo gnkohsnfh G ; Bfhtmbt surdmbo/iomrnhc bfvor tf bfhtmbt/iomrnhc ifro O ; 32.5 kk (bfhstmht vmluo) Q ; Unhnfh gnkohsnfh (ohcrmvog (ohcrmvog fh tao pnhnfh) Z ; =1>.5 kk (Bfhtmbt surdmbo/iomrnhc bfvor tf bohtor/mxlo bmsnhc)
!
Dfr m bfrrobt nhstmllmtnfh mhg pfsntnfhnhc fd tao pnhnfh, tao dfllfwnhc stops mro tf io bmrrnog fut ms oxmbtly ms pfssnilo !
Dncuro > Gotorknho tao muxnlnmry gnkohsnfh ‘M“. Ufsntnfh tao imll (- ; 3 kk) nhtf tao bohtornhc ifro fd tao pnhnfh mhg gotorknho Gnk. ‘M“, drfk tao bfhtmbt surdmbo/pnhnfh safulgor tf tao imll. Muxnlnmry gnkohsnfh ‘M“ ; o.c. 79.?4 kk Muxnlnmry gnkohsnfh ‘M“ ns filncmtfry tf gotorknho tao ! rodorohbo gnkohsnfh ‘B“ ‒ fh tao nhstmllog pnhnfh (Dnc. Hf. 24).
(R) Ilfb` cmucos (R) Rtrmncatogco Rtrmncatogco (R) Gncntml gopta cmuco
?135 955 544 ?135 955 =51 ?135 955 539
Dncuro =5
Yomg pnhnfh gnk. ‘Q“ fh tao pnhnfh (soo mrrfw) fr komsuro nt nh bmso fd kmhudmbturnhc-spobndnb + fr ‒ govnmtnfh drfk tao pnhnfh gnk. (rolmtnhc vmluo ns kmr`og iy amhg fh tao pnhnfh o.c. + 5.=). Unhnfh gnk. “Q“ (wntafut + fr ‒ govnmtnfh) ; ==4.5 kk + 5.= ; ==4.= kk Unhnfh gnk. ‘Q“ wnta mh nhgnbmtog govnmtnfh Unhnfh gnk. ‘Q“ wnta mh nhgnbmtog govnmtnfh - 5.= ; ==?.> kk
+ 5,=
==4 Dncuro == ?13= 579 559
7/2
Yopmnr Kmhuml
Fdd-Yfmg Wrmhsknssnfhs mhg Mxlo Rystoks Gnvnsnfh
Gotorknho Gnk. ‘I“ iomrnhc wngta, pmynhc mttohtnfh tamt tao rfllors mro somtog wntafut blomrmhbo (mlnchnhc fd rfllors ‒ rftmto tao iomrnhc nhhor rnhc nh ifta gnrobtnfhs sovorml tnkos) ! Rnhbo tao nhstmllog rfllor iomrnhc ns suijobt tf m prolfmg, ! gogubtnhc mh okpnrnbml vmluo fd ‒ 5.= kk ns tf io bfhsngorog ! Gnk. ‘I“ ; o.c. 24.4? kk - 5.= kk " 24.?? kk (R) Gncntml gopta cmuco (R) Ilfb` cmucos
?135 955 539 ?135 955 544
Dncuro =9 Gotorknho Gnk. ‘G“ (bfhtmbt surdmbo/iomrnhc bfvor tf bfhtmbt/iomrnhc ifro ). Gnk. ‘G“ ; o.c. 27.?5 kk (R) Ilfb` cmucos (9 sots) (R) Rtrmncatogco (R) Gncntml gopta cmuco
?135 955 544 ?135 955 =51 ?135 955 539
OQMKULO: Dncuro =2
Gnk. ‘Z“ ........................................ .............................................. ...... =1>.55 kk Gnk. ‘Q“ z.I. .................................... .................................... - ==4.55 kk Yosult " Gnk. ‘O“ .......................... ............................ .. ; 32.55 kk Gnk. ‘O“ ............................... ............................................... ................ 32.55 kk Gnk. ‘I+G“ (o.c. (o.c. 24.?? + 27.?5) ....... - 3=.5? kk "
Yosult
ro roqunrog qunrog sank ‘R“ ‘R“ ............... ............... ; =.>? kk
Nhsort tao gotorknhog sank(s) ‘R“ ; o.c. =.>? kk mhg nhstmll tao iomrnhc futor rnhc suisoquohtly uhtnl bfhtmbt ns fitmnhog.
(R) Kfuhtnhc tffl (R) Amhglo
?135 5?1 531 ?135 945 559
Dncuro =7 Fnl tao F-Ynhcs (mrrfws) mhg nhsort taok nhtf tao rnhc crffvos fd tao iomrnhc bfvor.
Dncuro =?
?13= 579 559
7/7
Yopmnr Kmhuml
Fdd-Yfmg Wrmhsknssnfhs mhg Mxlo Rystoks Gnvnsnfh
Iohg tao ogcos fd tao dnxnhc strmps fd tao fnl imddlo plmto slncatly ‒ mssokily mng (saoot ns dnxog tf tao iomrnhc bfvor ‒ soo Dnc. Hf. =3).
Dncuro =4 Kfuht tao fnl imddlo plmto fh tao iomrnhc bfvor. Fisorvo tao nhstmllmtnfh pfsntnfh ‒ lfbmto tao dnxnhc luc fd tao fnl
! imddlo plmto nhtf tao roboss roboss fd tao iomrnhc bfvor bfvor (soo mrrfw) !
Dncuro =3
Fnl tao bfhtmbt dmbo/fnl imddlo plmto/afusnhc plmto/afusn hc (mssokily mng). Kfuht tao promssokilog iomrnhc bfvor mhg iy komhs fd aoxmcfh huts (uso wmsaors) lfbmto nt oqumlly uhtnl bfhtmbt. Waoh rokfvo tao aoxmcfh huts mcmnh.
Dncuro =1
Kfuht tao aomtog iomrnhc nhhor rnhc uhtnl bfhtmbt mhg mdtor bfflnhc-gfwh bfflnhc-gfw h nhstmll nt suisoquohtly uhtnl bfhtmbt ns fitmnhog.
Dncuro => ?13= 579 559
7/?
Yopmnr Kmhuml
Fdd-Yfmg Wrmhsknssnfhs mhg Mxlo Rystoks Gnvnsnfh
Kfuht tao iusa, fnl tao F-Ynhc (mrrfw) mhg put nt nhtf tao rnhc crffvo.
Dncuro 95
Kfuht tao promssokilog pnhnfh.
Dncuro 9=
Dmstoh tao pnhnfh iy komhs fd tao blmkpnhc imr.
(R) Blmkpnhc imr
?135 4?7 57>
Dncuro 99
?13= 579 559
7/4
Yopmnr Kmhuml
Fdd-Yfmg Wrmhsknssnfhs mhg Mxlo Rystoks Gnvnsnfh
7.=.9 Gotorknho tao Mgjustnhc Ynhc dfr Yfllnhc Kfkoht/Unhnfh Iomrnhc:
Yftmto tao trmhsknssnfh iy =15µ. Kfuht tao mgjustnhc rnhc (s ; fptnfhml).
Dncuro 92
! Nt ns robfkkohgog tf ronhstmll tao mgjustnhc rnhc (o.c. s ; =.2? kk) drfk tao gnsmssokily, nd afwovor tao roqunrog rfllnhc kfkoht fd =.? ... 2.5 Hk (wntafut samdt soml) ns hft fitmnhog ‒ soo iomrnhc rfllnhc kfkoht baob` Dnc. Hf. 91 ‒ tao iomrnhc rfllnhc kfkoht ns tf io bfrrobtog wnta mh mgoqumto mgjustnhc rnhc! Kfuht tao aomtog iomrnhc nhhor rnhc mhg nhstmll nt suisoquohtly uhtnl bfhtmbt.
Dncuro 97
Kfuht tao dlmhco.
Dncuro 9? Uut fh tao wmsaor mhg dmstoh tao dlmhco wnta aoxmcfh sbrows.
!
Yftmto tao pnhnfh ‒ waoh tncatohnhc ‒ nh ifta gnrobtnfhs (mlnchnhc fd rfllors) sovorml tnkos !
Wncatohnhc tfrquo (K =5/1.1) ................. KM ; 74 Hk
(R) Dnxturo
?135 975 59?
Dncuro 94
?13= 579 559
7/3
Yopmnr Kmhuml
Fdd-Yfmg Wrmhsknssnfhs mhg Mxlo Rystoks Gnvnsnfh
Wurh imb` tao pnhnfh dmstohnhc mhg rokfvo tao blmkpnhc imr rospobtnvoly.
Dncuro 93
7.=.2 Baob` tao Yfllnhc Kfkoht fd ttao ao Unhnfh Iomrnhc: Iomrnhc rfllnhc kfkoht (wntafut samdt soml) =.? ... 2.5 Hk (Saoh usnhc how rfllor iomrnhcs ‒ uppor vmluo safulg io mbanovog)
! Nd tao roqunrog rfllnhc kfkoht govnmtos, nt ns tf io bfrrobtog wnta mh mgoqumto mgjustnhc rnhc (soo Dnc. Hf. 92) !
(R) Wfrquo spmhhor .“ (R) Yogubnhc /“ -.“
?135 952 52= ?135 4?4 5?4
(R) Rpmhhor fr (R) Rprnhc imlmhbo
?135 4?4 557 ?135 925 554
Dncuro 91
Yokfvo tao dlmhco mcmnh.
Dncuro 9>
?13= 579 559
7/1
Yopmnr Kmhuml
Fdd-Yfmg Wrmhsknssnfhs mhg Mxlo Rystoks Gnvnsnfh
7.=.7 Ramdt Roml/Futput Dlmhco: Bfhtmbt dmbo (oxtorhml saoll fd tao samdt soml) nd: - ruiiornzog ! tf io wot wnta spnrnt - kotml ! tf io prfvngog wnta somlnhc bfkpfuhg (Lfbtnto Hf. ?14). Nhstmllmtnfh pfsntnfh fd tao samdt soml ‒ Romlnhc lnp safwnhc tf tao ! fnl sukp (soo R`otba Hf. 2=) ! Nhstmll tao samdt soml (=) bfhsngornh bfhsngornhc c tao roqunrog nhstmllmtnfh pfsntnfh (Gnk. (Gnk. ‘K“ - soo soo R`otba Hf. Hf. 2=). Cromso tao samdt soml nh tao mrom mrfuhg tao somlnhc mhg gust lnp. (Cromso ‘Yohflnt OU 9“ ZD Umrt Hf. 543= =>5 53>). Oxmbt nhstmllmtnfh pfsntnfh fd tao samdt soml ns cumrmhtoog iy uso fd tao spobndnog kfuhtnhc tffl !
Dncuro 25
(R) Kfuhtnhc tffl
Locohg tf tao s`otba:
7 =
K
H 9 2
Dncuro 2=
?135 571 93>
?
= ; Ramdt soml 9 ; Rbrooh saoot 2 ; Dlmhco 7 ; Yfllor iomrnhc ? ; Iomrnhc bfvor ‘K“ ; Nhstmllmtnfh gnkohsnfh " =3.4 ‒ 5.? kk
‘H“ ; Nhstmllmtnfh gnkohsnfh " 93.? + 5.2 kk
Fhly dfr nhstmllmtnfh fd m how dlmhco fr nd stug iflts woro rokfvog : (Dnc. Hf. 29) Nhstmll tao stug iflts Nhstmllmtnfh pfsntnfh ‒Rtug iflts wnta safrt taromg lohcta nhtf dlmhco! Wncatohnhc tfrquo (K=5x=) ................. KM ; 95 Hk Dncuro 29 Fhly dfr nhstmllmtnfh fd m how dlmhco/sbrooh saoot fr nd rokfvog : (Dnc. Hf. 22) Nhstmll tao sbrooh saoot (9), bfhsngornhc tao roqunrog nhstmllmtnfh pfsntnfh (Gnk. ‘H“ - soo R`otba Hf. 2=). Oxmbt nhstmllmtnfh pfsntnfh fd tao sbrooh saoot ns cumrmhtoog iy uso fd tao spobndnog kfuhtnhc tffl! (R) Urossuro pnobo
?135 ?54 =?5
Dncuro 22 ?13= 579 559
7/>
Yopmnr Kmhuml
Fdd-Yfmg Wrmhsknssnfhs mhg Mxlo Rystoks Gnvnsnfh
Kfuht tao promssokilog dlmhco mhg put tao F-Ynhc nhtf tao roboss.
Dncuro 27
Ulmbo tao wmsaor mhg dmstoh nt iy komhs fd aoxmcfh sbrows.
Wncatohnhc tfrquo (K =5/1.1) ................. KM ; 74 Hk
(R) Dnxturo
Dncuro 2?
7.=.?
?135 975 59?
Baob` tao Unhnfh Cmp:
Ufsntnfh tao imll Puso - ; 3 kk " imll - ln`o dfr tao gotorknhmtnfh fd muxnlnmry gnkohsnfh ‘M“[ nhtf tao bohtornhc
ifro fd tao pnhnfh mhg gotorknho gotorknho Gnk. Gnk. ‘B“ (soo R`otba Hf.>), Hf.>), drfk tao bfhtmbt surdmbo/iomrnhc bfvor tf tao imll. OQMKULO: Yodorohbo gnkohsnfh ‘B“ o.c. ....... ==?.?1 kk Muxnlnmry gnkohsnfh ‘M“ o.c. ...... - 79.?4 kk (soo Dnc. Hf. =5) Yosult (Gnk. ‘O“) ...................... ........................ .. ; 32.59 kk Nd tao bfhstmht vmluo fd Gnk. ‘O“ ; 32.55 ½ 5.5? kk ns hft mbanovog, nt ns tf io bfrrobtog wnta mh mgoqumto sank/pnhnfh cmp (soo Dnc. Hf. =7) !
Dncuro 24
Dfr m bfrrobtnfh fd tao sank/pnhnfh cmp, m bfuhtorbfrrobtnfh fd tao mgjustnhc rnhc fd tao rfllnhc kfkoht/ pnhnfh cmp ‒ Dnc. Hf. 92 ns mlsf tf io bfhsngorog !
(R) Ilfb` cmucos (9 sots) (R) Rtrmncatogco (R) Gncntml gopta cmuco
?13= 579 559
?135 955 544 ?135 955 =51 ?135 955 539
7/=5
Yopmnr Kmhuml
7.9 TOYRNFH ROUMYMWO NHRWMLLMWNFH“: (AL-Wrmhsknssnfh nhstmllog sopmrmtoly drfk tao mxlo)
9
=5
==
=2
==
Fdd-Yfmg Wrmhsknssnfhs mhg Mxlo Rystoks Gnvnsnfh
Nh bmso fd tao trmhsknssnfh vorsnfh ‘ROUMYMWO NHRWMLLMWNFH“ nt ns pfssnilo, gnddorohtly drfk tao trmhsknssnfh vorsnfh ‘MQLO MWWMBAKOHW“, tf rokfvo mhg tf nhstmll tao futput ‒ wntafut tao provnfus gnsmssokily fd irm`o/blutba mhg plmhot bmrrnor!
Locohg tf R`otba Hf. 23 …. Dnc. Hf. ??:
=7
=7 =4
=4
=?
=?
=9 =2
4 ?
=5
1
Dncuro 23
7 =
2
>
3
=9
= ; Wrmhsknssnfh Wrmhsknssnfh afusnhc 9 ; Imll iomrnhc 2 ; Rbrooh saoot 7 ; Bfvor ? ; Imll iomrnhc 4 ; Yotmnhnhc rnhc 3 ; F-Ynhc 1 ; Fnl imddlo plmto > ; Futput comr =5 ; Ramdt soml == ; Futput dlmhco =9 ; Rtug iflt =2 ; Gnrt godlobtfr =7 ; F-Ynhc =? ; Smsaor =4 ; Aoxmcfh sbrow
Nhsort imll iomrnhc (9) uhtnl bfhtmbt ns fitmnhog.
Dncuro 21 Yftmto tao trmhsknssnfh iy =15µ. Nhsort tao slfttog pnh (mrrfw).
Dncuro 2>
?13= 579 559
7/==
Yopmnr Kmhuml
Fdd-Yfmg Wrmhsknssnfhs mhg Mxlo Rystoks Gnvnsnfh
Ufsntnfh tao sbrooh saoot ‒ wnta slfttog pnh (soo Dnc. Hf. 2>) nhtf tao dnxnhc ifro (mrrfw). Fisorvo tao nhstmllmtnfh nhstmllmtnfh pfsntnfh ‒ slfttog slfttog pnh ; rmgnml dnxnhc dnxnhc fd ! tao sbrooh !
Dncuro 75 Nhsort tao imll iomrnhc nhtf tao bfvor mhg dmstoh nt iy komhs fd tao rotmnhnhc rnhc.
Dncuro 7=
Fnl ifta F-Ynhcs (mrrfws) mhg put nt nhtf tao rnhc crffvos fd tao plmhot bmrrnor. bmrrnor.
Dncuro 79 Iohg tao ogcos fd tao dnxnhc strmps fd tao fnl imddlo plmto slncatly ‒ mssokily mng (saoot ns dnxog tf tao iomrnhc bfvor ‒ soo Dnc. Hf. 77).
Dncuro 72
?13= 579 559
7/=9
Yopmnr Kmhuml
Fdd-Yfmg Wrmhsknssnfhs mhg Mxlo Rystoks Gnvnsnfh
Kfuht tao fnl imddlo plmto fh tao iomrnhc bfvor. Fisorvo tao nhstmllmtnfh pfsntnfh ‒ lfbmto tao dnxnhc luc (mrrfw) nhtf tao roboss fd tao iomrnhc bfvor (rmgnml dnxnhc !. !
Dncuro 77
Uross tao futput comr nhtf tao imll iomrnhc/iomrnhc bfvor.
!
Yost tao imll iomrnhc mcmnhst tao iomrnhc nhhor rnhc !
Dncuro 7? Aomt tao iomrnhc nhhor rnhc fd tao imll iomrnhc.
(R) Aft-mnr ilfwor 925 T (R) Aft-mnr ilfwor ==? T
Dncuro 74
?135 99= ?55 ?135 99= ?5=
Mttmba twf mgjustnhc sbrows (K=9) mhg kfuht tao promssokilog iomrnhc bfvor/futput bfvor/futput comr comr uhtnl bfhtmbt bfhtmbt ns fitmnhog. fitmnhog. (R) Mgjustnhc sbrows (K=9)
?135 957 59=
Fisorvo tao nhstmllmtnfh pfsntnfh fd tao iomrnhc bfvor (9) nh tao trmhsknssnfh (=) ‒ Wrmhsknssnfh Nhstmllmtnfh ! ‘TOYWNBML“ fr ‘AFYNZFHWML“ - soo gotmnlog gotmnlog s`otbaos iolfw:
‘TOYWNBML“
‘AFYNZFHWML“
=
= 9
Dncuro 73
9
?13= 579 559
7/=2
Yopmnr Kmhuml
Fdd-Yfmg Wrmhsknssnfhs mhg Mxlo Rystoks Gnvnsnfh
Dmstoh tao iomrnhc bfvor iy komhs fd aoxmcfh sbrows.
Wncatohnhc tfrquo (K =9/1.1) ……. KM ; 15 Hk
Dncuro 71
H
7.9.= Ramdt Roml/Futput Dlmhco:
2
K
?
9 = 7
Locohg tf tao s`otba: = ; Ramdt soml 9 ; Rbrooh saoot 2 ; Dlmhco 7 ; Imll iomrnhc ? ; Iomrnhc bfvor ‘K“ ; Nhstmllmtnfh gnkohsnfh " =3.4 ‒ 5.? kk
‘H“ ; Nhstmllmtnfh gnkohsnfh " 93.? + 5.2 kk
Dncuro 7>
Bfhtmbt dmbo (oxtorhml saoll fd tao samdt soml) nd: - ruiiornzog ! tf io wot wnta spnrnt - kotml ! tf io prfvngog wnta somlnhc bfkpfuhg (Lfbtnto Hf. ?14). Nhstmllmtnfh pfsntnfh fd tao samdt soml ‒ Romlnhc lnp safwnhc tf tao ! fnl sukp (soo R`otba Hf. 7>) !
! Dncuro ?5
Nhstmll tao samdt soml (=) bfhsngornhc tao roqunrog nhstmllmtnfh pfsntnfh (Gnk. (Gnk. ‘K“ - soo soo R`otba Hf. Hf. 7>). Cromso tao samdt soml nh tao mrom mrfuhg tao somlnhc mhg gust lnp. (Cromso ‘Yohflnt OU 9“ ZD Umrt Hf. 543= =>5 53>).
Oxmbt nhstmllmtnfh pfsntnfh fd tao samdt soml ns cumrmhtoog iy uso ! fd tao spobndnog kfuhtnhc tffl ! (R) Kfuhtnhc tffl
?135 571 93>
Fhly dfr nhstmllmtnfh fd m how dlmhco fr nd stug iflts woro rokfvog : (Dnc. Hf. ?=) Nhstmll tao stug iflts Nhstmllmtnfh pfsntnfh ‒Rtug iflts wnta safrt taromg lohcta nhtf ! dlmhco! Dncuro ?=
?13= 579 559
Wncatohnhc tfrquo (K=5x=) ................. KM ; 95 Hk
7/=7
Yopmnr Kmhuml
Fdd-Yfmg Wrmhsknssnfhs mhg Mxlo Rystoks Gnvnsnfh
Fhly dfr nhstmllmtnfh fd m how dlmhco/sbrooh saoot fr nd rokfvog : (Dnc. Hf. ?9) Nhstmll tao sbrooh saoot (9), bfhsngornhc tao roqunrog nhstmllmtnfh pfsntnfh (Gnk. ‘H“ - soo R`otba Hf. ?5). Oxmbt nhstmllmtnfh pfsntnfh fd tao sbrooh saoot ns cumrmhtoog iy ! uso fd tao spobndnog kfuhtnhc tffl! (R) Kfuhtnhc tffl
?135 ?54 =?5
Dncuro ?9 Kfuht tao promssokilog futput dlmhco.
Dncuro ?2 Nhsort tao F-Ynhc.
Dncuro ?7 Ufsntnfh tao wmsaor mhg dmstoh tao futput dlmhco iy komhs fd aoxmcfh sbrows.
Nhstmll tao sobfhg samdt soml/futput dlmhco (drfht mxlo futput) ! mhmlfcfusly !
Dncuro ??
?13= 579 559
7/=?
Yopmnr Kmhuml
Fdd-Yfmg Wrmhsknssnfhs mhg Mxlo Rystoks Gnvnsnfh
Urnfr tf put tao uhnt nhtf fpormtnfh tao spobndnbmtnfhs mhg roculmtnfhs rospobtnvoly ms woll ms tao nhstrubtnfhs fd tao ZD fpormtnhc mhg kmnhtohmhbo nhstrubtnfhs ms woll ms tao spobndnbmtnfhs mhg nhstrubtnfhs fd tao voanblo kmhudmbturor amvo tf io fisorvog !
?13= 579 559
7/=4
Fdd-Yfmg Wrmhsknssnfhs mhg Mxlo Rystoks Gnvnsnfh
Yopmnr Kmhuml
?. YOMRROKIL^ - IYM@O IYM@O / BL_WBA / ULMHOW ULMHOW BMYYNOY ?.=
ULMHOW BMYYNOY:
Nllustrmtnfh safws tao AL-Torsnfh ‘MQLO MWWMBAKOHW“ Nhstmll tao iomrnhc futor rnhc uhtnl bfhtmbt. Fisorvo tao iomrnhc lfbmtnfh ‒ iomrnhc nhhor rnhc tf iomrnhc ! futor rnhc ‒ mlsf soo nhstrubtnfhs dfr gnsmssokily Umco 9/==, Dnc. Hf. 2> ! (R) Kfuhtnhc tffl Amhglo
?135 5?1 5?= ?135 945 559
Dncuro = Yftmto trmhsknssnfh iy =15µ. Nhstmll tao sobfhg iomrnhc futor rnhc uhtnl bfhtmbt.
Fisorvo tao iomrnhc lfbmtnfh ‒ iomrnhc nhhor rnhc tf iomrnhc ! futor rnhc ‒ mlsf soo nhstrubtnfhs dfr gnsmssokily Umco 9/==, Dnc. Hf. 2> ! (R) Kfuhtnhc tffl Amhglo
?135 5?1 5?= ?135 945 559
Dncuro 9
Fhly dfr tao Torsnfh ‘Wrmhsknssnfh Nhstmllmtnfh Ufsntnfh AFYNZFHWML“
(Dnc. Hf. 2 mhg 7)
Nhsort tao sbrooh saoot mhg dmstoh nt wnta bfuhtorsuh` sbrows.
!
Roburo tao bfuhtorsuh` sbrows wnta lfb`nhc bfkpfuhg (Lfbtnto Hf. 972) !
Dncuro 2 GOWMNL
9
=
!
2
9
Q
Locohg tf gotmnl s`otba: = ; Ulmhot bmrrnor 9 ; Rbrooh saoot 2 ; Bfhtmbt surdmbo - Mxnml hooglo bmco/mxnml wmsaor Q ; Nhstmll. gnk. =.? ‒ 5.? kk
2
= Nhstmll tao sbrooh saoot (9) bfhsngornhc tao nhstmllmtnfh gnkohsnfh ‘Q“ (soo gotmnl s`otba) fhtf tao plmhot bmrrnor (=). Dncuro 7
?13= 579 559
?/=
Yopmnr Kmhuml
Fdd-Yfmg Wrmhsknssnfhs mhg Mxlo Rystoks Gnvnsnfh
Nhsort tao slfttog pnhs (4x), bfhsngornhc tao nhstmllmtnfh gnkohsnfh ‘Q“ ; 91.5 ‒ =.5 kk mhg tao nhstmllmtnfh pfsntnfh ‒ soo R`otba Hf. 4 (slft ns safwnhc tf tao bohtor).
!
Urnfr tf nhstmllmtnfh cromso tao slfttog pnh ‒ mssokily mng !
Q
Dncuro ?
=
Locohg tf tao s`otba: = ; Ulmhot bmrrnor
9
9 Rlfttog pnhs (4x) 2 ; Bohtor (Ulmhot bmrrnor)
2
Dncuro 4 Locohg tf Dnc. Hf. 3 ... Dnc. Hf. =2:
=m
= ; Iomrnhc nhhor rnhc wnta byl. rfllors =m ; Umb`nhc sloovo + mssokily mng 9 ; Ulmhotmry comr 2 ; Byl. rfllors 2m ; Umb`nhc sloovo + mssokily mng 7 ; Rank
2m = 9 2 7 Dncuro 3
Ufsntnfh tao plmhotmry comr (9) ‒ wnta tao kmr`nhc safwnhc gfwhwmrgs. Uut tao iomrnhc nhhor rnhc (=) fhtf tao plmhotmry comr (9) mhg pross nt uhtnl bfhtmbt bfhtmbt ns fitmnhog. fitmnhog. Waoh rokfvo tao lffso pmb`nhc sloovo (=m). @oop tao iomrnhc nhhor rnhc tf bfhtmbt mhg rftmto tao plmhotmry comr iy =15µ.
Dncuro 1
?13= 579 559
?/9
Yopmnr Kmhuml
Fdd-Yfmg Wrmhsknssnfhs mhg Mxlo Rystoks Gnvnsnfh
Ufsntnfh tao byl. rfllors (2) fhtf tao plmhotmry comr (9).
Dncuro > Iy komhs fd tao kfuhtnhc tffl pross tao byl. rfllors (9) nhtf tao plmhotmry comr (9). (9). Waoh rokfvo tao twf lffso pmb`nhc sloovos (2m).
(R) Kfuhtnhc tffl
?135 571 919
Dncuro =5 @oop tao iomrnhc nhhor rnhc wnta byl. rfllors tf bfhtmbt ‒ ! mhg kfuht tao promssokilog tao plmhotmry comr tf tao plmhot bmrrnor pnh.
Dncuro == Uross tao plmhotmry comr (iomrnhc nhhor rnhc) uhtnl bfhtmbt.
(R) Kfuhtnhc tffl
?135 571 919
Dncuro =9 ?13= 579 559
?/2
Yopmnr Kmhuml
Fdd-Yfmg Wrmhsknssnfhs mhg Mxlo Rystoks Gnvnsnfh
Kfuht tao sank (7) ‒ kmr`nhc safwnhc upwmrgs ‒ mhg shmp nh tao rotmnhnhc rnhc. Nhstmll tao rotmnhnhc rnhc suisoquohtly uhtnl bfhtmbt mt tao crffvo ! imso ns fitmnhog. fitmnhog.
Nhstmll tao rokmnhnhc plmhotmry comrs mhmlfcfusly.
(R) Rot fd oxtorhml plnors
?135 >55 5=?
Dncuro =2 Uross tao iomrnhc nhhor rnhc fhtf tao plmhot bmrrnor uhtnl bfhtmbt nst fitmnhog.
Dncuro =7
Nhsort tao promssokilog plmhot bmrrnor.
(R) Rot fd oxtorhml plnors
?135 >55 5=?
Dncuro =?
?13= 579 559
?/7
Yopmnr Kmhuml
Fdd-Yfmg Wrmhsknssnfhs mhg Mxlo Rystoks Gnvnsnfh
Dmstoh tao plmhot bmrrnor iy komhs fd prossuro plmto mhg blmkpnhc imr.
(R) Blmkpnhc imr
Dncuro =4
Yftmto tao trmhsknssnfh iy =15µ.
?135 4?7 57>
Baob` lfbmtnhc fd tao iomrnhc futor rnhc (mrrfw) ‒ nhstmllmtnfh fd tao iomrnhc futor rnhc ‒ soo Dnc. Hf. =.
Dncuro =3
Kfuht tao aomtog iomrnhc nhhor rnhc uhtnl bfhtmbt.
Dncuro =1
?13= 579 559
?/?
Yopmnr Kmhuml
Fdd-Yfmg Wrmhsknssnfhs mhg Mxlo Rystoks Gnvnsnfh
Ufsntnfh tao sank mhg mttmba tao aoxmcfh sbrows iy amhg (dnxnhc fd tao plmhot bmrrnor). Waoh rokfvo tao blmkpnhc imr ‒ soo Dnc. Hf. =4.
Dncuro =>
Dmstoh tao dnxturo tf tao futput dlmhco. Wncatoh tao aoxmcfh sbrows oqumlly ‒ rns` fd gnstfrtnfh !
!
Wncatohnhc tfrquo (K =5/1.1) ................... KM ; 74 Hk Saoh tncatohnhc tao aoxmcfh iflts rftmto tao plmhot bmrrnors ‒ nhtf ifta gnrobtnfhs gnrobtnfhs ‒ sovor sovorml ml tnkos tnkos (mlnchnhc fd fd rfllors) !
(R) Dnxturo
?135 975 59?
Dncuro 95
?13= 579 559
?/4
Yopmnr Kmhuml ?.9
Fdd-Yfmg Wrmhsknssnfhs mhg Mxlo Rystoks Gnvnsnfh
IYM@O/BL_WBA:
Kfuht tao aomtog bohtornhc gnsb mhg pross nt uhtnl bfhtmbt ns fitmnhog.
Dncuro 9= Dmstoh tao bohtornhc gnsb iy komhs fd tao rotmnhnhc rnhc.
(R) Rot fd oxtorhml plnors
?135 >55 5=?
Dncuro 99 Nhsort tao imll iomrnhc nhtf tao nhtorhml comr mhg dmstoh nt iy komhs fd tao rotmnhnhc rnhc.
(R) Blmkpnhc plnors
?135 >55 59=
Dncuro 92 Aomt tao iomrnhc nhhor rnhc fd tao imll iomrnhc.
(R) Aft-mnr ilfwor (R) Aft-mnr ilfwor
(925 T) (==? T)
?135 99= ?55 ?135 99= ?5=
Dncuro 97 ?13= 579 559
?/3
Fdd-Yfmg Wrmhsknssnfhs
Yopmnr Kmhuml
mhg Mxlo Gnvnsnfh Rystoks
Kfuht tao promssokilog nhtorhml comr tf tao nhput samdt uhtnl bfhtmbt ns fitmnhog.
Dncuro 9? Rhmp nh tao rotmnhnhc rnhc.
(R) Rot fd oxtorhml plnors
?135 >55 5=?
Dncuro 94 Yftmto tao trmhsknssnfh iy =15µ. Ufsntnfh tao mxnml hooglo bmco wnta ifta tarust wmsaors (=x omba, uhgorhomta mhg fhtf tao mxlo hooglo bmco rosp. ‒ soo Dncuro). Dnx tao mxnml hooglo bmco mhg tao tarust wmsaors iy komhs fd ! cromso bohtrnbmlly ‒ mssokily mng !
Dncuro 93 Kfuht tao promssokilog nhput samdt (wnta nhtorhml comr).
Dncuro 91 ?13= 579 559
?/1
Fdd-Yfmg Wrmhsknssnfhs
Yopmnr Kmhuml Torsnfh ‘9 AL-9>5“
1
4
?.9.= GNRB BFKUFHOHWR IYM@O MHG BL_WBA:
3
7 2
?
mhg Mxlo Rystoks Gnvnsnfh
Yomssokily fd ifta gnsb sots nh tao Torsnfh ‘9 AL-9>5“ ‒ soo R`otba Hf. 9> mhg Dnc. Hf. 29 .... Dnc. Hf. 23 ‒ ns safwh iolfw! Yomssokily ms tf tao Torsnfhs ‘9 AL-935“ mhg ‘9 AL-9?5“ ns tf io kmgo ms safwh nh tao R`otbaos Hf. 25 mhg 2= rospobtnvoly! Dfr nhdfrkmtnfh mifut hukior mhg mrrmhcokoht fd tao gnsbs ‒ mlsf soo tao porspobtnvo porspobtnvo nllustrmtnfh nh nh tao rospobtnvo rospobtnvo spmro
I pmrts lnst!
M
9
Dncuro 9>
?.9.=.=
Locohg tf R`otba Hf.9>:
=
M ; lfwor rnhc crffvo (9 AL-9>5, Ntok Yotmnhnhc rnhc -=) I ; uppor rnhc crffvo (9 AL-9?5/935, Ntok Yotmnh. rnhc -=) = ; Yotmnhnhc rnhc 9 ; Ohg sank/Irm`o (= Ub.) 2 ; Futor gnsb/Irm`o (> Ubs.) 7 ; Nhhor gnsb/Irm`o (1 Ubs.) ? ; Nhhor gnsb/Blutba (=9 Ubs.) 4 ; Nhhor gnsb/Blutba (== Ubs.) 3 ; Wrmhsknssnfh afusnhc 1 ; Gnsb bmrrnor/Nhtorhml comr
Torsnfh ‘9 AL-935“ >
1
3
7
4
2
?.9.=.9
TOYRNFH ‘9 AL-935“:
Locohg tf R`otba Hf. 25:
?
M ; lfwor rnhc crffvo (9 AL-9>5, Ntok Yotmnhnhc rnhc -=) I ; uppor rnhc crffvo (9 AL-9?5/935, Ntok Yotmnh. rnhc -=) = ; Yotmnhnhc rnhc 9 ; Ohg sank/Irm`o (= Ub.) 2 ; Futor gnsb/Irm`o (4 Ubs.) 7 ; Nhhor gnsb/Irm`o (4 Ubs.) ? ; Ohg sank/Blutba (= Ub.) 4 ; Nhhor gnsb/Blutba (=5 Ubs.) 3 ; Nhhor gnsb/Blutba (> Ubs.) 1 ; Wrmhsknssnfh afusnhc > ; Gnsb bmrrnor/Nhtorhml comr
I M
9
=
Dncuro 25 Torsnfh ‘9 AL-9?5“
>
1
?.9.=.2
?
9
3
7
4
M ; lfwor rnhc crffvo (9 AL-9>5, Ntok Yotmnhnhc rnhc -=) I ; uppor rnhc crffvo (9 AL-9?5/935, Ntok Yotmnh. rnhc -=) = ; Yotmnhnhc rnhc 9 ; Ohg sank/Irm`o (9 Ubs.) 2 ; Futor gnsb/Irm`o (? Ubs.) 7 ; Nhhor gnsb/Irm`o (7 Ubs.) ? ; Ohg sank/Blutba (9 Ubs.) 4 ; Nhhor gnsb/Blutba (1 Ubs.) 3 ; Nhhor gnsb/Blutba (3 Ubs.) 1 ; Wrmhsknssnfh afusnhc > ; Gnsb bmrrnor/Nhtorhml comr
I M 9
TOYRNFH ‘9 AL-9?5“:
Locohg tf R`otba Hf. 2=:
2
?
TOYRNFH ‘9 AL-9>5“:
=
Dncuro 2=
?13= 579 559
?/>
Yopmnr Kmhuml
Fdd-Yfmg Wrmhsknssnfhs mhg Mxlo Rystoks Gnvnsnfh
Irm`o: Rhmp tao rotmnhnhc rnhc (=) nhtf tao rnhc crffvo (M). Fisorvo tao nhstmllmtnfh pfsntnfh fd tao rotmnhnhc rotmnhnhc rnhc (=) ‒ rnhc ! crffvo (M) fhly dfr Torsnfh ‘9 AL-9>5“! (R) Blmkpnhc plnors
?135 >55 59=
Dncuro 29 Nhsort tao ohg sank (9).
Dncuro 22 Nhsort tao gnsb sot (futor/nhhor gnsbs) ‒ iocnhhnhc wnta mh futor gnsb - mltorhmtoly. Ufsntnfh tao futor gnsb (= Ub.) s ; vmrnmilo 9.1 ..... 2.3 kk, nh tao ! gnsb sot fh tao tfp (pnstfh-sngo) ! Snta futor gnsb s ; vmrnmilo, tao gnsb blomrmhbo/pnstfh strf`o wnll io mgjustog ‒ soo Dnc. 73 !
Dncuro 27 Blutba: Nhsort tao gnsb sot (futor/nhhor gnsbs) ‒ iocnhhnhc wnta mh futor gnsb - mltorhmtoly. Ufsntnfh tao futor gnsb (= Ub.) s ; vmrnmilo =.9 ..... =.4 kk, nh tao gnsb sot fh tao tfp (pnstfh sngo) ! ! Snta futor gnsb s ; vmrnmilo, tao gnsb blomrmhbo/pnstfh strf`o wnll io mgjustog ‒ soo Dnc. 74 !
Dncuro 2?
?13= 579 559
?/=5
Yopmnr Kmhuml
Fdd-Yfmg Wrmhsknssnfhs mhg Mxlo Rystoks Gnvnsnfh
?.9.9 Mgjust mhg baob` tao GNRB BLOMYMHBO/UNRWFH RWYF@O fd IYM@O mhg BL_WBA:
Kfuht tao prossuro pnobo (wntafut bfkprossnfh sprnhc).
Dncuro 24 Fnl tao mxnml rfllor bmco mhg kfuht nt wnta ifta tarust wmsaors (=x omba, pfsntnfhog uhgorhomta mhg fhtf tao mxnml hooglo bmco rospobtnvoly ‒ soo Dncuro).
Dncuro 23 Nhsort tao pnstfh (irm`o) ‒ wntafut somlnhc olokohts nhstmllog.
Dncuro 21 Nhsort tao pnstfh (blutba) ‒ wntafut somlnhc olokohts nhstmllog.
Dncuro 2>
?13= 579 559
?/==
Yopmnr Kmhuml
Fdd-Yfmg Wrmhsknssnfhs mhg Mxlo Rystoks Gnvnsnfh
Nhsort ifta bup sprnhcs/blutba. sprnhcs/blutba. Dnx tao bup sprnhcs iy komhs fd cromso mhg pfsntnfh taok bohtrnbmlly ‒ mssokily mng.
!
Fisorvo tao nhstmllmtnfh pfsntnfh ‒ mlsf soo R`otba Hf. 79 !
Dncuro 75 Nhsort ifta bup sprnhcs/irm`o. Dnx tao bup sprnhcs iy komhs fd cromso mhg pfsntnfh taok bohtrnbmlly ‒ mssokily mng.
!
Fisorvo tao nhstmllmtnfh pfsntnfh ‒ mlsf soo R`otba Hf. 79 !
Locohg tf R`otba Hf. 79 ... Dnc. Hf. 73:
Dncuro 7=
N
2
?
9
NN
= ; Komsurnhc dnxturo 9 ; Unstfh/Blutba 2 ; Bup sprnhcs/Blutba sprnhcs/Blutba 7 ; Unstfh/Irm`o ? ; Bup sprnhcs/Irm`o sprnhcs/Irm`o 4 ; Wrmhsknssnfh Wrmhsknssnfh afusnhc
= I M
GB
N ; Komsurnhc Komsurnhc ifro (Gnsb blomrmhbo/Blutba) blomrmhbo/Blutba) NN ; Komsurnhc ifro (Gnsb blomrmhbo/Irm`o)
Q
^
7 4
M ; Kfuhtnhc dmbo/Afusnhc ‒ Dmbo/Unstfh I ; Kfuhtnhc dmbo/Afusnhc dmbo/Afusnhc ‒ Unstfh bfhtmbt/Afusnhc bfhtmbt/Afusnhc B ; Kfuhtnhc dmbo/Afusnhc ‒ Dmbo/Unstfh G ; Kfuhtnhc dmbo/Afusnhc ‒ Unstfh bfhtmbt/Afusnhc ^ ; Gnsb blomrmhbo/Blutba ! 9.7 +5.2 kk (Unstfh strf`o) + 5.2 Q ; Gnsb blomrmhbo/Irm`o ! =.1 kk (Unstfh strf`o)
Dncuro 79
Lfbmto tao komsurnhc dnxturo wnta aoxmcfh sbrows oqumlly (rns` fd irom`mco) uhtnl bfhtmbt ns fitmnhog. Wncatohnhc tfrquo (K =9/1.1) ................... KM ; 15 Hk
(R) Komsurnhc dnxturo
?135 955 =2=
Dncuro 72 ?13= 579 559
?/=9
Yopmnr Kmhuml
Fdd-Yfmg Wrmhsknssnfhs mhg Mxlo Rystoks Gnvnsnfh
Gotorknho Gnk. ‘M“ (Komsurnhc ifro ‘N“) drfk kfuhtnhc dmbo/afusnhc tf tao dmbo/pnstfh (blutba). Gnk. ‘M“ o.c. ................................. ................................. ; 99.7? kk
(R) Gncntml gopta cmuco (R) Rtrmncatogco
?135 955 539 ?135 955 599
Dncuro 77 Gotorknho Gnk. ‘B“ (Komsurnhc ifro ‘NN“) drfk kfuhtnhc dmbo/afusnhc tf tao dmbo/pnstfh (irm`o). Gnk. ‘B“ o.c. ................................. ................................. ; ==.1? kk kk
Dncuro 7? Gotorknho Gnk. ‘I“ drfk kfuhtnhc dmbo/afusnhc tf blutba pnstfh bfhtmbt/afusnhc. bfhtmbt/afusnhc. Gnk. ‘I“ o.c. ................................. ................................. ; =>.>? kk kk OQMKULO: Gnk. ‘M“ o.c. .................................. .................................. 99.7? kk Gnk. ‘I“ ‘I“ o.c. o.c. ................................. ................................. - =>.>? kk Yosult ......................................... .............................................. ..... ; 9.?5 kk Blutba gnsb blomrmhbo (pnstfh strf`o) ; 9.7
+ 5.2
kk
Nd tao roqunrog gnsb blomrmhbo (pnstfh strf`o) ns hft fitmnhog,
Dncuro 74
tans bfrrobtog wnta m suntmilo futor futor gnsb ‒ soo Dnc. Dnc. Hf. 2?! ns tf io bfrrobtog
Gotorknho Gnk. ‘G“ drfk kfuhtnhc dmbo/afusnhc tf irm`o pnstfh bfhtmbt/afusnhc. bfhtmbt/afusnhc. Gnk. ‘G“ ‘G“ o.c. ................................. ................................. ; >.>?kk OQMKULO: Gnk. ‘B“ o.c. ................................... ................................... ==.1? kk Gnk. ‘G“ o.c. ................................. ................................. - >.>? kk Yosult ......................................... .............................................. ..... ; =.>5 kk Gnsb blomrmhbo(pnstfh strf`o) Irm`o ; =.1
Dncuro 73
?13= 579 559
+ 5.2
kk
Nd tao roqunrog gnsb blomrmhbo (pnstfh strf`o) ns hft fitmnhog, tans ns tf io bfrrobtog wnta m suntmilo futor gnsb ‒ soo Dn c. Hf. 27!
?/=2
Yopmnr Kmhuml
Fdd-Yfmg Wrmhsknssnfhs mhg Mxlo Rystoks Gnvnsnfh
Yokfvo tao komsurnhc dnxturo mcmnh ‒ lffsoh tao sbrows . oqumlly . oqumlly Yokfvo mll bup sprnhcs, ifta pnstfhs, mxnml rfllor bmco wnta tarust wmsaors mhg prossuro pnobo.
Dncuro 71 Nhsort tao fnl imddlo plmto nhtf tao gnsb bmrrnor mhg dnx nt wnta tao shmp rnhc.
Dncuro 7> Fnl tao somlnhc dmbos mhg tao F-Ynhc. Nhsort tao F-Ynhc (mrrfw) nhtf tao crffvo mhg nhsort tao rnhc.
!
Fisorvo tao nhstmllmtnfh pfsntnfh ‒ soo Dnc. Hf. ?5!
Dncuro ?5 Iy komhs fd tao kfuhtnhc tffl lfbmto tao rnhc uhtnl bfhtmbt ns fitmnhog.
(R) Kfuhtnhc tffl
?135 ?54 =4=
Dncuro ?= ?13= 579 559
?/=7
Yopmnr Kmhuml
Fdd-Yfmg Wrmhsknssnfhs mhg Mxlo Rystoks Gnvnsnfh
Fnl tao somlnhc dmbos mhg tao somlnhc olokohts. Nhsort tao soml (=) wnta tao somlnhc lnp safwnhc tf tao fnl
=
sukp ‒ mlsf soo gotmnl s`otba.
= 2
9
Dncuro ?9
9 Uut ifta F-Ynhcs (9) nhtf tao rnhc crffvos fd tao prossuro rnhc (2) mhg nhsort tao promssokilog prossuro rnhc - fisorvo tao nhstmllmtnfh pfsntnfh. Iy komhs fd tao kfuhtnhc tffl lfbmto tao prossuro rnhc uhtnl bfhtmbt.
(R) Kfuhtnhc tffl
?135 ?54 =4=
Dncuro ?2 Nhsort tao bfkprossnfh sprnhc.
Dncuro ?7 Nhsort tao prossuro pnobo.
Dncuro ?? ?13= 579 559
?/=?
Yopmnr Kmhuml
Fdd-Yfmg Wrmhsknssnfhs mhg Mxlo Rystoks Gnvnsnfh
Fnl tao mxnml rfllor bmco mhg kfuht nt wnta ifta tarust wmsaors (=x omba tf io pfsntnfhog uhgorhomta mhg fhtf tao mxnml hooglo
(=x omba tf io pfsntnfhog uhgorhomta mhg fhtf tao mxnml hooglo bmco rospobtnvoly ‒ soo Dncuro).
Dncuro ?4 Fnl tao somlnhc dmbos mhg tao somlnhc olokohts.
9
Nhsort tao soml (9, wnta tao somlnhc lnp safwnhc tf tao fnl sukp) mhg tao soml (2) ‒ soo R`otba Hf. ?1 - nhtf tao afusnhc (=).
2
Dncuro ?3 Locohg tf R`otba Hf.?1 ms woll ms Dnc. Hf. ?3 mhg Dnc. Hf. ?>:
= 9
3
7
4
2
?
= ; Afusnhc 9 ; Roml (wnta somlnhc lnp) 2 ; Roml 7 ; Unstfh/Irm`o ? ; Roml (wnta somlnhc lnp) 4 ; Roml (wnta somlnhc lnp) 3 ; Unstfh/Blutba
Dncuro ?1 Fnl tao somlnhc dmbos mhg tao somlnhc olokohts.
4 ?
Nhsort tao somls (? mhg 4, soo R`otba Hf. ?1), wnta tao somlnhc lnp safwnhc tf tao fnl sukp, nhtf tao pnstfh/irm`o (7).
Dncuro ?>
?13= 579 559
?/=4
Yopmnr Kmhuml
Fdd-Yfmg Wrmhsknssnfhs mhg Mxlo Rystoks Gnvnsnfh
Nhsort tao promssokilog pnstfh/irm`o uhtnl bfhtmbt ns fitmnhog.
!
Unstfh ns tf io pfsntnfhog tamt tao fnl supply ifro (mrrfw) ‒ wnta tao AL-Wrmhsknssnfh nhstmllog nhtf tao voanblo ‒ ns mt =9.55 f„blfb` pfsntnfh ! Fisorvo tao vorsnfh ms tf tao trmhsknssnfh nhstmllmtnfh pfsntnfh ‘AFYNZFHWML ‒ TOYWNBML“ !
Dncuro 45 Iy komhs fd tao kfuhtnhc tffl lfbmto tao pnstfh uhtnl bfhtmbt.
(R) Kfuhtnhc tffl
?135 ?54 =4=
Dncuro 4= Nhsort ifta byl. pnhs (mrrfw).
Dncuro 49 Nhsort tao pnstfh/blutba.
Dncuro 42 ?13= 579 559
?/=3
Yopmnr Kmhuml
Fdd-Yfmg Wrmhsknssnfhs mhg Mxlo Rystoks Gnvnsnfh
Uross tao pnstfh mxnmlly, bfhtrmry tf tao bfkprossnfh sprnhc prolfmg, mhg mhg soml tao prossuro fnl supply ifro iy komhs fd sbrow pluc/somlnhc rnhc rnhc (mrrfw) (mrrfw) ‒ taus tao pnstfh ns `opt nh mxnml pfsntnfh ‒ mssokily mssokily mng dfr nhput afusnhc mssokily (Dnc. Hf. 35+3=).
Dncuro 47 Nhsort ifta bup sprnhcs/blutba. sprnhcs/blutba. Fisorvo tao nhstmllmtnfh pfsntnfh ‒ soo Dnc. Hf. 4? mhg mlsf ! R`otba Hf. 79 rospobtnvoly!
Dncuro 4? Nhsort ifta bup sprnhcs/irm`o. Fisorvo tao nhstmllmtnfh pfsntnfh pfsntn fh - soo Dncuro Dncuro Hf. 44 mhg mlsf tao ! R`otba Hf. 79!
Dncuro 44
?.2
Kfgulmtnfh Tmlvo mhg Nhput afusnhc:
Nhsort tao kfgulmtnfh vmlvo (bpl. ‒ bmh fhly io roplmbog ms uhnt).
Dncuro 43
?13= 579 559
?/=1
Yopmnr Kmhuml
Fdd-Yfmg Wrmhsknssnfhs mhg Mxlo Rystoks Gnvnsnfh
Ulmbo tao F-Ynhc (mrrfw) mhg nhsort tao bfkprossnfh sprnhc.
Dncuro 41 Nhput afusnhc: Fnl tao F-Ynhc mhg put nt nhtf tao rnhc crffvo fd tao nhput afusnhc.
Dncuro 4> Ufsntnfh tao bup sprnhcs bohtrnbmlly ‒ mssokily mng. Nhsort twf mgjustnhc sbrows (K =9), kfuht tao nhput afusnhc mhg dmstoh nt wnta aoxmcfh sbrows.
(R) Mgjustnhc sbrows (K=9)
?135 957 59=
Dncuro 35 Lfbmto tao nhput afusnhc wnta aoxmcfh sbrows oqumlly (rns` fd irom`mco)) uhtnl bfhtmbt irom`mco bfhtmbt ns fitmnhog ! Wncatohnhc tfrquo (K =9/1.1) ................... KM ; 15 Hk
Dncuro 3=
?13= 579 559
?/=>
Yopmnr Kmhuml
Fdd-Yfmg Wrmhsknssnfhs mhg Mxlo Rystoks
Gnvnsnfh
?.7
1 3 = 9
Locohg tf R`otba R`otba Hf. 39 ... Inlg-Hr. 3?: 3?:
>
= ; Nhput afusnhc 9 ; Afusnhc 2 ; F-Ynhc 7 ; Waromgog olokoht (frndnbo)
4
? 2
7
Dncuro 39
Okorcohby Yolomso (Umr`nhc Irm`o):
? ; Imll 4 ; Bfkprossnfh sprnhc 3 ; F-Ynhc 1 ; Iloogor > ; Ufsntnfh fd luirnbmtnfh hnpplo dfr tao vorsnfh ‘Wrmhsknssnfh Nhstmllmtnfh Ufsntnfh TOYWNBML“ - Ufsntnfh fd luirnbmtnfh hnpplo dfr tao vorsnfh ‘Wrmhsknssnfh Nhstmllmtnfh Ufsntnfh AFYNZFHWML“ ‒ soo R`otba R`otba Hf. 33
Nhstmll tao taromgog olokoht (7) wnta F-Ynhc (2).
Wncatohnhc tfrquo tfrquo (K =5x=)................... =5x=)................... KM ; 97 Hk Dncuro 32 Nhsort tao imll (?).
Dncuro 37 Nhsort tao bfkprossnfh sprnhc (4).
Dncuro 3?
?13= 579 559
?/95
Yopmnr Kmhuml
Fdd-Yfmg Wrmhsknssnfhs mhg Mxlo Rystoks Gnvnsnfh
?.7.= Baob` tao Okorcohby Yolomso dfr Lom` Wncathoss:
9
! Nllustrmtnfh safws tao Torsnfh ‘Wrmhsknssnfh Nhstmllmtnfh Ufsntnfh TOYWNBML“ (Dnc. Hf. 34)
=
‘Wrmhsknssnfh Nhstmllmtnfh Ufsntnfh ! Dfr tao vorsnfh ‘Wrmhsknssnfh AFYNZFHWML“ tao bfhhobtnfh mhg pfsntnfhs rospobtnvoly fd tao iloogor vmlvos/luirnbmtnfh hnpplo otb. ... mro tf io bfhsngorog mbbfrgnhc tf tao nllustrmtnfh nh R`otba Hf. 33 !
Nhstmll ifta iloogor vmlvos (=), sbrow plucs (9) wnta somlnhc rnhc mhg sbrow plucs (2) wnta F-Ynhc.
2
Wncatohnhc tfrquo Iloogor vmlvo (K =5x=) ...................................... ...................................... KM ; 99 Hk Rbrow pluc (K =5x= wnta somlnhc rnhc) .............. KM ; =? Hk Rbrow pluc (K =5x= wnta F-Ynhc) ..................... KM ; 9? Hk
2
Dncuro 34
? 4
Locohg tf R`otba Hf. 33:
3 1
= ; Iloogor/prossuro-rolnod vmlvo (Okorc. rolomso ‒ pmr`. irm`o) 9 ; Rbrow pluc 2 ; Iloogor vmlvo (Okorcohby rolomso ‒ pmr`nhc irm`o) 7 ; Luirnbmtnfh hnpplo (Okorcohby rolomso - pmr`nhc irm`o) ? ; Iloogor vmlvo (Kultn-gnsb blutba) 4 ; Iloogor vmlvo (Kultn-gnsb irm`o) 3 ; Urossuro fnl bfhhobtnfh ‒ Kultn-gnsb irm`o 1 ; Urossuro fnl bfhhobtnfh ‒ Kultn-gnsb blutba
= 9 2 7 Dncuro 33
Nhstmll tao iloogor vmlvo (=), sbrow plucs (9) wnta F-Ynhc sbrow pluc (2) wnta F-Ynhc mhg bfkprossog mnr bfhhobtnfh pnobo (7). (7).
7 Wncatohnhc tfrquo Iloogor vmlvo (K =5x=) ...................... .......................................... .................... KM ; 99 Hk Rbrow pluc (K =5x= wnta F-Ynhc) ......................... ......................... KM ; 9? Hk Rbrow pluc (K =1x=.? wnta F-Ynhc) F-Ynhc) ...................... ...................... KM ; 2? Hk Bfkpr.mnr bfhhobt. pnobo (K =5x=) w. soml. rnhc).... KM ; =? Hk
2 9 Dncuro 31
=
Urossurnzo tao okorcohby rolomso wnta bfkprossog mnr p ; ? + =imr mhg blfso tao saut-fdd vmlvo. Gurnhc m tost gurmtnfh fd 2 knhutos hf prossuro grfp ns mllfwog !
(R) Mnr bfhhobtnfh
Dncuro 3> ?13= 579 559
?/9=
?135 ?5? 5=9
Yopmnr Kmhuml
Fdd-Yfmg Wrmhsknssnfhs mhg Mxlo Rystoks Gnvnsnfh
Yokfvo tao sbrow pluc mhg tao bfkprossog mnr bfhhobtnfh pnobo (soo Dnc. Hf. 31). 31). Nhstmll tao iloogor (2) wnta F-Ynhc mhg luirnbmtnfh hnpplo (7).
7
Wncatohnhc tfrquo Luirnbmtnfh hnpplo hnpplo (K =5x=) ............................. ............................. KM ; 99 Hk Iloogor (K =1x=.?) ............................................ ............................................ KM ; 99 Hk
2
Dncuro 15
?.7.9 Baob` tao Kultn-Gnsb Irm`o mhg Kultn-Gnsb Blutba dfr Lom` Wncathoss ms woll ms Blfsnhc Urossuro:
MI M@
OI O@
Locohg tf R`otba Hf. 1=: = ; Wrmhsknssnfh Wrmhsknssnfh afusnhc 9 ; Nhput afusnhc
= 9
MI ; Urossuro fnl bfhhobtnfh ‒ Kultn-gnsb irm`o M@ ; Urossuro fnl bfhhobtnfh ‒ Kultn-gnsb blutba OI ; Iloogor I loogor vmlvo ‒ Kultn-gnsb irm`o O@ ; Iloogor vmlvo ‒ Kultn-gnsb blutba Nllustrmtnfh safws tao vorsnfh ! ‘Wrmhsknssnfh Nhstmllmtnfh Ufsntnfh TOYWNBML“
Dncuro 1=
! Dfr tao vorsnfh ‘Wrmhsknssnfh Nhstmllmtnfh Ufsntnfh AFYNZFHWML“ tao bfhhobtnfhs mhg pfsntnfhs rospobtnvoly fd tao iloogor vmlvos/luirnbmtnfh hnpplo otb. ... mro tf io bfhsngorog mbbfrgnhc tf tao nllustrmtnfh nh R`otba Hf. 33 ! Kultn-gnsb irm`o:
Bfhhobt tao AU-Uukp (“MI“ ‒ soo R`otba Hf. 1= mhg R`otba Hf. 33), Iunlg up m prossuro fd p ; 25 ... kmx. 2? imr - Iloog tao prossuro bamkior (sovorml tnkos). Blfso saut-fdd vmlvo. Gurnhctao m tost gurmtnfh fd 2 knhutos hf komsurmilo prossuro grfp ns mllfwog ! (R) AU-Uukp Dncuro 19
?135 913 553
Wost kognuk: Mbbfrgnhc tf ZD Lnst fd Luirnbmhts WO-KL 53 Blfsnhc prossuro tost (Bup sprnhc prolfmgnhc dfrbo): Saoh komsurnhc tao blfsnhc prossuro tao vmlvo ilfb` ns hft mllfwog tf io mttmbaog tf tao trmhsknssnfh guo tf tao iy-pmss duhbtnfh iotwooh irm`o mhg blutba. Bfhhobtnfh ‘M@“ (soo R`otba Hf. 1= mhg R`otba Hf. 33 rospobtnvoly) fpoh (hft blfsog mhg tmh` bfhhobtnfh rospobtnvoly).
Yogubo tao prossuro slfwly, waoh prossuro rmhco == ... > imr (blfsnhc prossuro) ns rombaog, tao nhput samdt ams tf io lfb`og mt m tncatohnhc tfrquo fd ?5 ½ ? Hk! Dncuro 12
?13= 579 559
(R) Rplnho kmhgrol Wfrquo spmhhor ?/99
?135 ?=5 52> ?135 952 523
Yopmnr Kmhuml
Fdd-Yfmg Wrmhsknssnfhs mhg Mxlo Rystoks Gnvnsnfh
Kultn-gnsb blutba:
Bfhhobt tao AU-Uukp (“M@“ ‒ soo R`otba Hf. 1= mhg R`otba Hf. 33), Iunlg up m prossuro fd p ; 25 ... kmx. 2? imr - Iloog tao prossuro bamkior (sovorml tnkos). Blfso tao saut-fdd vmlvo. Gurnhc m tost ns mllfwog ! gurmtnfh fd 2 knhutos hf komsurmilo prossuro grfp
(R) AU-Uukp
?135 913 553
Dncuro 17 Wost kognuk: Mbb. tf Lnst fd Luirnbmhts WO-KL 53
Blfsnhc prossuro tost (Bup sprnhc prolfmgnhc dfrbo):
Saoh komsurnhc tao blfsnhc prossuro tao vmlvo ilfb` (fhly dfr tao vorsnfh ‘wnta“ kfuhtog olobtr. gfwhsandt nhtorlfb`) ns hft mllfwog tf io mttmbaog tf tao trmhsknssnfh guo tf tao iy-pmss duhbtnfh iotwooh irm`o mhg blutba. Bfhhobtnfh ‘MI“ (soo R`otba Hf. 1= mhg R`otba Hf. 33 rospobtnvoly) fpoh (hft blfsog mhg tmh` bfhhobtnfh rospobtnvoly). Dncuro 1?
Yogubo tao prossuro slfwly, waoh prossuro rmhco =?.? ... =2.? imr (blfsnhc (blfsnhc prossuro) ns rombaog, rombaog, tao nhput samdt ams tf io lfb`og mt m tncatohnhc tfrquo fd ?5 ½ ? Hk! (R) Rplnho kmhgrol
?.?
?135 ?=5 52>
RUOOG WYMHRKNWWOY:
Nhstmll tao spoog trmhsknttor wnta F-Ynhc.
Wncatohnhc tfrquo tfrquo (K 1/1.1)................... 1/1.1)................... KM ; 92 Hk
Dncuro 14 ?.4
L_IO FNL U_KU/GFSHRANDW NHWOYLFB@:
Nhstmll tao luio fnl pukp (wnta F-Ynhcs) fr tao gfwhsandt nhtorlfb` ‒ gopohgnhc fh tao vorsnfh ‒ (Nllustrmtnfh safws ‒ Torsnfh ‘Luio Fnl Uukp“). Bpl. mssokily fd tao luio fnl pukp/gfwhsandt pukp/gfwhsan dt nhtorlfb` - soo ! BAMUWOY 3 !
Wncatohnhc tfrquo tfrquo (K 1/=5.>)................. 1/=5.>)................. KM ; 92 Hk Dncuro 13
?13= 579 559
?/92
Yopmnr Kmhuml
Fdd-Yfmg Wrmhsknssnfhs mhg Mxlo Rystoks Gnvnsnfh
Urnfr tf put tao uhnt nhtf fpormtnfh tao spobndnbmtnfhs mhg roculmtnfhs rospobtnvoly ms woll ms tao nhstrubtnfhs fd tao ZD fpormtnhc mhg kmnhtohmhbo nhstrubtnfhs ms woll ms tao spobndnbmtnfhs mhg nhstrubtnfhs fd tao voanblo kmhudmbturor amvo tf io fisorvog !
?13= 579 559
?/97
Yopmnr Kmhuml
Fdd-Yfmg Wrmhsknssnfhs mhg Mxlo Rystoks Gnvnsnfh
4. GNRMRROKIL^ - L_IO FNL U_KU/GFSHRANDW NHWOYLFB@: 4.=
Torsnfh ‘wnta “ Luio Fnl Uukp:
Lffsoh tao iflt bfhhobtnfh mhg pull fdd tao bpl. luio fnl pukp.
Dncuro =
Lffsoh tao bfvor iflt bfhhobtnfh, rokfvo tao bfvor (=) wnta cms`ot (9) mhg tao dnltor (2) drfk tao afusnhc (7).
Yokfvo tao bpl. prossuro lnkntnhc vmlvo mhg ifta F-Ynhcs (mrrfws).
Lffsoh tao pukp bfvor iflt bfhhobtnfh, `oop tao afusnhc nh vortnbml pfsntnfh ‒ gnsmssokily mng (mlsf soo Dnc. Hf. ?).
7 2 =
9
Dncuro 9
Dncuro 2
Dncuro 7
?13= 579 559
4/=
Yopmnr Kmhuml
Fdd-Yfmg Wrmhsknssnfhs mhg Mxlo Rystoks Gnvnsnfh
@oop pukp tf bfhtmbt mhg rftmto nt iy =15µ ‒ gnsmssokily ! mng!
Waoh pull tao pukp nh vortnbml pfsntnfh fut fd tao afusnhc ‒ pmy mttohtnfh mttohtnfh tf pfssnily rolomsog rolomsog imlls/bfkprossn imlls/bfkprossnfh fh sprnhcs (soo (soo Dnc. Hf. ? mhg 3).
Dncuro ? Yokfvo tao futor (=) mhg nhtorhml rftfr (9) mhg tm`o tao rolomsog imll P(2) grnvor[ grnvor[ fut fd tao bfhtrfl afusnhc (7).
7
=
9
!
Futor, nhtorhml rftfr mhg bfhtrfl afusnhc ; rftfr sot
2
Dncuro 4 Yokfvo tao bfhtrfl afusnhc mhg tao rolomsog imlls mhg bfkprossnfh sprnhcs (2 pbs. omba).
Dncuro 3 _hshmp tao rotmnhnhc rnhc.
(R) Rot fd nhtorhml plnors
Dncuro 1
?135 >55 5=7
?13= 579 559
4/9
Yopmnr Kmhuml
Fdd-Yfmg Wrmhsknssnfhs mhg Mxlo Rystoks Gnvnsnfh
Uull tao bpl. pukp samdt fut fd tao pukp bfvor.
Dncuro > _hshmp tao rotmnhnhc rnhc mhg pross tao imll iomrnhc drfk tao samdt.
(R) Rot fd oxtorhml plnors
?135 >55 5=4
Dncuro =5 Uull tao hooglo sloovo fut fd tao afusnhc ifro.
(R) Nhtorhml oxtrmbtfr (R) Bfuhtor suppfrt
Dncuro ==
?135 255 5=9 ?135 255 5==
?13= 579 559
4/2
Yopmnr Kmhuml
4.9
Fdd-Yfmg Wrmhsknssnfhs mhg Mxlo Rystoks Gnvnsnfh
Torsnfh ‘wnta“ aygr. Gfwhsandt Nhtorlfb`:
Gnsmssokilo Gnsmssok ilo ifta fnl tuios.
Dncuro =9 Lffsoh tao iflt bfhhobtnfh fd tao sandt nhtorlfb` (2 x bmp sbrows) mhg rokfvo tao bpl. sandt nhtorlfb`.
Dncuro =2 Lffsoh tao bfvor iflt bfhhobtnfh, rokfvo tao bfvor mhg dlmt cms`ot (mlsf soo Dnc. Hf. =?).
Dncuro =7 Wm`o tao dnltor fut fd tao afusnhc.
Dncuro =?
?13= 579 559
4/7
Yopmnr Kmhuml
Fdd-Yfmg Wrmhsknssnfhs mhg Mxlo Rystoks Gnvnsnfh
Lffsoh pukp bfvor iflt bfhhobtnfh.
Dncuro =4 @oop pukp tf bfhtmbt mhg rftmto nt iy =15µ ‒ gnsmssokily ! mng!
Waoh pull tao pukp nh vortnbml pfsntnfh fut fd tao afusnhc ‒ pmy mttohtnfh mttohtnfh tf pfssnily rolomsog rolomsog imlls/bfkprossn imlls/bfkprossnfh fh sprnhcs (soo (soo Dnc. Hf. =1 mhg =>).
Dncuro =3 Yokfvo tao futor (=) mhg nhtorhml rftfr (9) mhg tm`o tao rolomsog imll P(2) grnvor[ grnvor[ fut fd tao bfhtrfl afusnhc (7).
7
=
9
Futor, nhtorhml rftfr mhg bfhtrfl afusnhc ; rftfr sot
2
Dncuro =1 Yokfvo tao bfhtrfl afusnhc mhg tao rolomsog imlls mhg bfkprossnfh sprnhcs (2 pbs. omba).
Dncuro =>
?13= 579 559
4/?
Yopmnr Kmhuml
Fdd-Yfmg Wrmhsknssnfhs mhg Mxlo Rystoks Gnvnsnfh
_hshmp tao rotmnhnhc rnhc.
(R) Rot fd nhtorhml plnors
?135 >55 5=7
Dncuro 95 Uull tao bpl. pukp samdt fut fd tao pukp bfvor.
Dncuro 9= _hshmp tao rotmnhnhc rnhc mhg pross tao imll iomrnhc drfk tao samdt.
(R) Rot fd oxtorhml plnors
?135 >55 5=4
Dncuro 99 Uull tao hooglo sloovo fut fd tao afusnhc ifro.
(R) Nhtorhml oxtrmbtfr (R) Bfuhtor suppfrt
?135 255 5=9 ?135 255 5==
Dncuro 92
?13= 579 559
4/4
Yopmnr Kmhuml
Fdd-Yfmg Wrmhsknssnfhs mhg Mxlo Rystoks Gnvnsnfh
Locohg tf tao R`otba Hf. 97: 9
=
= ; Afusnhc 2 ; Baob` vmlvo (5=5) ? ; Baob` vmlvo (55>)
9 ; F-Ynhcs 7 ; C.sandt pnstfh 4 ; Baob` vmlvo (551)
3 ; Urossuro lnkntnhc vmlvo 2 7
? 4
3
Yokfvo tao F-Ynhcs mhg mll snhclo pmrts/vmlvos.
Dncuro 97
4.2
Torsnfh ‘wnta“ olobtr. Gfwhsandt Nhtorlfb`‒ kfuhtog tf Wrmhsknssnfh:
Lffsoh tao dnxnhc iflts mhg rokfvo tao bpl. gfwhsandt nhtorlfb`.
Dncuro 9? Yokfvo ifta F-Ynhcs (mrrfw). Km`o hf durtaor gnsmssokily ‒ olobtr. gfwhsandt nhtorlfb` bmh ! fhly io roplmbog ms bfkploto pmrt!
Dncuro 94
?13= 579 559
4/3
Yopmnr Kmhuml
Fdd-Yfmg Wrmhsknssnfhs mhg Mxlo Rystoks Gnvnsnfh
3. YOMRROKIL^ ‒ L_IO FNL U_KU/GFSHRAND U_KU/GFSHRANDW W NHWOYLFB@: 3.=
Torsnfh ‘wnta“ Luio Fnl Uukp:
Kfuht tao imll iomrnhc fhtf tao samdt mhg dmstoh nt iy komhs fd tao rotmnhnhc rnhc.
(R) Rot fd oxtorhml plnors
?135 >55 5=4
Dncuro = Uross tao promssokilog pukp samdt nhtf tao pukp bfvor mhg dmstoh nt iy komhs fd tao rotmnhnhc rnhc.
(R) Rot fd nhtorhml plnors
?135 >55 5=7
Dncuro 9 Nhsort tao bfkprossnfh sprnhcs (=) mhg imll (9) nhtf tao ifros (soo mrrfws - 2x).
9 =
Urnfr tf nhstmllmtnfh fnl snhclo pmrts fd tao pukp/rftfr sot (bfhtrfl afusnhc, nhtorhml mhg futor rftfr) ‒ uso fnl mbb. tf tao ZD Lnst fd Luirnbmhts WO-KL 53 !
!
@oop tao pukp samdt/bfvor nh ‘vortnbml“ pfsntnfh ‒ pmy mttohtnfh tf tao pfsntnfh fd tao nhsortog imlls/bfkprossnfh sprnhcs - soo stops Dnc. Hf. 2 .... Dnc. Hf. >) !
Dncuro 2 Kfuht tao bfhtrfl afusnhc.
Bfhtrfl afusnhc/nhtorhml afusnhc/nhtorhml mhg futor rftfr ; rftfr sot
Dncuro 7
?13= 579 559
3/=
Yopmnr Kmhuml
Fdd-Yfmg Wrmhsknssnfhs mhg Mxlo Rystoks Gnvnsnfh
Ufsntnfh tao imll ‒ soo mrrfw -(grnvo dfr nhtorhml rftfr) wnta cromso (mssokily mng) nhtf tao roboss fd tao pukp samdt.
Dncuro ? Kfuht tao nhtorhml rftfr Ulmbo tao crffvo fd tao nhtorhml rftfr fvor tao grnvnhc imll ! (soo mrrfws)!
Dncuro 4 Mssokilo tao futor rftfr.
Dncuro 3
! Baob` pmssmco fd tao frndnbo/fnl ifro nh tao afusnhc ifttfk ! Nhsort tao hooglo sloovo tf nhstmllmtnfh gnkohsnfh ‘Q“. ‘Q“ ; 5.9 .... 5.3 kk iolfw plmho dmbo/afusnhc
!
Wao oxmbt nhstmllmtnfh pfsntnfh ns ohsurog iy uso fd tao spobndnog kfuhtnhc tffl ! (R) Kfuhtnhc tffl
Dncuro 1
?13= 579 559
!
?135 35? 552
Nhsort tao hooglo sloovo wnta kmr`og dmbo safwnhc upwmrgs!
3/9
Yopmnr Kmhuml
Fdd-Yfmg Wrmhsknssnfhs mhg Mxlo Rystoks Gnvnsnfh
@oop tao promssokilog pukp nh ‘vortnbml“ pfsntnfh (soo Hfto Dnc. Hf. 2) mhg put fh tao afusnhc.
Dncuro >
!
@oop tao mssokilog pukp tf bfhtmbt!
Yftmto tao afusnhc iy =15µ mhg dmstoh tao pukp wnta aoxmcfh sbrows.
Dncuro =5
Dmstoh tao pukp dnhmlly.
Wncatohnhc tfrquo (K4/1.1) .............. KM ; >.? Hk
Dncuro ==
Duhbtnfhml Duhbtnfhml tost fd tao luio fnl pukp: Snta bfuhtor-turhnhc kftnfhs fh tao pukp samdt, tao swnvollnhc fd tao bfhtrfl afusnhc (stfp LA/YA nh tao pukp
bfvor) ns mugnilo!
Dncuro =9
?13= 579 559
3/2
Yopmnr Kmhuml
Fdd-Yfmg Wrmhsknssnfhs mhg Mxlo Rystoks Gnvnsnfh
Fnl ifta F-Ynhcs (mrrfws) mhg put taok nhtf tao rnhc crffvo fd tao afusnhc.
Dncuro =2
Baob` tao F-Ynhcs (mrrfws) fd tao prossuro lnkntnhc vmlvo mhg roplmbo taok, nd hobossmry.
Nhsort tao prossuro lnkntnhc vmlvo.
Dncuro =7
Wncatohnhc tfrquo ............................... KM ; 95 Hk
Dncuro =?
Roburo tao prossuro lnkntnhc vmlvo iy ilfws wnta tao bohtor puhba (9x). (9x).
Dncuro =4 ?13= 579 559
3/7
Yopmnr Kmhuml
Fdd-Yfmg Wrmhsknssnfhs mhg Mxlo Rystoks Gnvnsnfh
Nhsort tao dnltor ‒ Fisorvo tao nhstmllmtnfh pfsntnfh!
Dncuro =3
Ulmbo tao cms`ot.
Ulmbo tao bfvor mhg dmstoh nt wnta aoxmcfh sbrows mhg wmsaors.
Dncuro =1
Wncatohnhc tfrquo (K1/1.1) .............. KM ; 92 Hk
Dncuro =>
Nhsort tao sbrow pluc wnta F-Ynhc.
Wncatohnhc tfrquo (K=5x=) .............. KM ; =? Hk
Dncuro 95
?13= 579 559
3/?
Yopmnr Kmhuml
Fdd-Yfmg Wrmhsknssnfhs mhg Mxlo Rystoks Gnvnsnfh
Kfuht tao bpl. luio fnl pukp mhg dmstoh nt wnta bmp sbrows mhg wmsaors.
Wncatohnhc tfrquo (K1/=5.>) .............. KM ; 92 Hk
Dncuro 9=
2
7 ?
3.9
9
Torsnfh ‘wnta“ aygr. Gfwhsandt Nhtorlfb`:
Locohg tf R`otba Hf. 99:
4
=
3 Dncuro 99
= ; Afusnhc 2 ; Urossuro lnkntnhc vmlvo ? ; Baob` vmlvo (55>) 3 ; Dnltor
9 ; C.sandt pnstfh 7 ; Baob` vmlvo (551) 4 ; Baob` vmlvo (5=5) 1 ; Luio fnl pukp
1
Nhstmll tao cms`ot (bfhsnstnhc fd plmstnb mhg F-Ynhc (Dnc. Hf. 92 mhg 97):
Uut tao F-Ynhc (soo mrrfw) nhtf tao rnhc crffvo fd tao pnstfh. Lomg tao plmstnb rnhc iy komhs fd tao kfuhtnhc iusa (R) fvor tao pnstfh mhg pfsntnfh pfsntnfh nt mt tao F-Ynhc. F-Ynhc. (R) Kfuhtnhc iusa
Dncuro 92
?135 4?= 5??
Bmlnirmto tao plmstnb rnhc iy komhs fd tao iusa.
(R) Bmlnirmtnhc pnh
?135 4?= 5?4
Dncuro 97
?13= 579 559
3/4
Yopmnr Kmhuml
Fdd-Yfmg Wrmhsknssnfhs mhg Mxlo Rystoks Gnvnsnfh
Nhsort tao bfkprossnfh sprnhc, fnl mhg kfuht tao promssokilog pnstfh.
Dncuro 9? Dnx tao pnstfh wnta sbrow pluc (=- wnta F-Ynhc). Nhstmll tao sbrow pluc (9 ‒ wnta somlnhc rnhc).
9 =
Wncatohnhc tfrquo: Rbrow pluc (K97x=.?)..................... (K97x=.?)..................... KM ; ?5 Hk Rbrow pluc pluc (K=5x=) ...................... ...................... KM ; =? Hk
Nhstmll tao snhclo pmrts mbbfrgnhc tf tao nllustrmtnfh fh tao lodt.
Dncuro 94
!
=
7
Dncuro 93
2
9
Fisorvo tao nhstmllmtnfh pfsntnfh fd tao gnddoroht baob` vmlvos! Fnl tao snhclo pmrts mbb. tf Lnst fd Luirnbmhts WO-KL 53! = ; Urossuro lnkntnhc vmlvo (bpl.) .......... KM ; =5 Hk 9 ; Baob` vmlvo (bpl.) ............................ ............................ KM ; =5 Hk ZD Hf.: 7=72 979 551 2 ; Baob` vmlvo (bpl.) ............................ ............................ KM ; =5 Hk ZD Hf.: 7=72 979 55> 7 ; Baob` vmlvo (bpl.) ........................... ........................... KM ; =5 Hk ZD Hf.: 7=72 979 5=5
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