2.Fraction Pmr

Topic 2: Fraction. 1.1 Fraction Example: 1. Addition and Subtraction

2 3

+

3 4

=

Change the denominator Addition or Subtraction :

o o

Numerator : add /  subtra subtract  ct  Denomi Denominato natorr : Copy

5. Calculate the value of fraction below and express the answer as a fraction in its lowest term. (a)

1 2 3 (1 − ) ÷ 1 2 3 4

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Multiplication

1 8  x = 4 9 o

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Simplyfy

nume numera rato torr × nume numera rato torr

o

……………………………………………

deno denomi mina nato torr × deno denomi mina nato torr

(b) 1

1 2

−

2 3

÷1

3 4

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3.

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Division 2

o

o o

2 3

÷

5 6

=

Change mixed number to improper fraction Change the singn ÷ to × Solve

…………………………………………… …………………………………………… …………………………………………… 4. Combined Operation. o o

o

Bracket Division/multiplication Division/multiplication : Left to right Addition/subtraction: Addition/subtraction: Left to right

…………………………………………… …………………………………………… …………………………………………… …………………………………………… Example 5 ⎛  1 1 ⎞ 1 Calculate the value of  ⎜1 − ⎟ ÷ 1 and ⎝  4 8 ⎠ 2 express the answer as a fraction in its lowest term. [2 marks] …………………………………………… …………………………………………… …………………………………………… ……………………………………………

Exercise: 1. PMR 2004:

(b)

3 ⎛ 1 2⎞ − ⎟÷2 ⎝ 3 5⎠ 5

Calculate the value of  ⎜ 2

3 2m

+

m−2

6m

2

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and express the answer as a fraction in its lowest term.

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Note: Simplify until simplest term a + 4b = o

…………………………………………… 5. PMR 2006 1 ⎛ 4 2 ⎞ Calculate the value of  1 × ⎜ − ⎟ and 8 ⎝ 5 3 ⎠ express the answer as a fraction in its lowest term. [2 marks]

a o

o

(1 −  x )

1.2 Algebraic Fraction Example: 1. Addition

(a)

1 2

+

2

=

a + 2b o

…………………………………………… …………………………………………… …………………………………………… ……………………………………………

=

4a ( x − 1)

2. (a)

a + 2a 2

=

Subtraction

1 2

−

2 a

…………………………………………… …………………………………………… ……………………………………………

a

…………………………………………… …………………………………………… …………………………………………… …………………………………………… REMEMBER: Add the bracket first

…………………………………………… (b)

3 2m

−

2−m 6m

2

REMEMBER: Add the bracket first

…………………………………………… ……………………………………………

3.

 p

Ungkapkan

m

−

 p 2 − 6

4 pm

sebagai

satu

2. Fraction 4. PMR 2004

3 ⎛  1 2 ⎞ − ⎟ ÷ 2 and 5 ⎝  2 5 ⎠

pecahan tunggal dalam sebutan terendah.

Calculate the value of  ⎜ 2

……………………………………………

express the answer as a fraction in its lowest term. [2 marks]

…………………………………………… …………………………………………… …………………………………………… (factorise numerator and denominator) …………………………………………… …………………………………………… (simplify) …………………………………………… Exercise: 3. PMR 2004

⎛ 1 ⎞ 1 −  p ⎟ 3 ⎜ Express the − ⎜ 2 ⎟ as a single fraction 2m ⎜ mp ⎟ ⎝ ⎠ in its simplest term …………………………………………… …………………………………………… …………………………………………… …………………………………………… …………………………………………… …………………………………………… …………………………………………… …………………………………………… …………………………………………… 4.

PMR 2004

Express the

1 2m

−

m+2

6m 2

as a single fraction in

its simplest term …………………………………………… ……………………………………………

…………………………………………… …………………………………………… …………………………………………… …………………………………………… 5. PMR 2006

1 ⎛ 4 2 ⎞ Calculate the value of  1 × ⎜ − ⎟ and 8 ⎝ 5 3 ⎠ express the answer as a fraction in its lowest term. [2 marks] …………………………………………… …………………………………………… …………………………………………… ……………………………………………