2020 Ii Pintura Iv

 

 

LAPMDDAÔH BDBLÁGADB 

^AH\]PB AU TÇCB@F

A.  LB\FT IMHMPBCMT; ^rfirbgb \apf lm Bsaihbturb Dbrâdtmr Dôlaif Pmquasatf Tmgmstrm bdblágadf Dadcf Drálatfs Ofrbs smgbhbcms ^rfemsfr rmspfhsb` rmspfhsb`cm cm

AA. 

; Brtms ^câstadbs y Uasubcms ; ^ahturb AU  ; F@CAIB\FPAF ; B^U-^442 ; ^ahturb AAA ; 0>0> - AA  ; AU ; >? ; 9->1-0>0> BC 4>-20-0>0>  

UA. 

]halbl A

H» lm Tmgbhb / smsafhms

GA\FT M ALMH\ALBL A LMH\ALBL Lasmòb prfymdtfs qum ahvfcudrbh cbs ahvmstaibdafhms drçtadbs, mstátadbs, oastôradbs dfhsalmrbhlf mc bhâcasas lm rmemrmhtms vasubcms y `a`cafirâeadfs, rmcbdafhblbs dfh cb eaiurb ougbhb y mc lmshulf: bpcadbhlf mc dfhdmptf lm gatfs y cmymhlbs mh cb hbrrbtavb lm su prfpumstb padtôradb \mgbs

2

Tmsaôh 2

0

4

Tmsaôh 0 

Tmsaôh 4

Tmsaôh <

Bdtavalblms Tmdumhdab GAB

Ahtrfluddaôh bc dursf sb`mrms prmvafs (\rb`bkfs, brdoavfs y dbrpmtb lm ahvmstaibdaôh lmc

^^\ lm su DA y @amhvmhalb y prmsmhtbdaôh. prfludtf brtçstadf lmc Bdumrlf lm dfhvavmhdab. ^rmsmhtbdaôh lmc sacb`f, cb uhalbl lm smgmstrm bhtmrafr.

dursf bhtmrafr) Dfhdmptfs fpmrbtavfs; Hbrrbtavb vasubc Tahtbxas vasubc Tmgâhtadb vasubc Gatfs; Lmeahadaôh dbrbdtmrçstadbs, vbrabhtms y rmemrmhtms vasubcms Gatfs; prmdfcfg`ahfs, iramifs, rfgbhfs y ftrfs.

bprmhlazbkmpbrb y cfs uhb dbhbcmsdfguhadbdaôh vartubcms b utacazbr sahdrôhadb y bdrôhadb.

Bhâcasas dfhtmxtubc lm cb eaiurb ougbhb mh cb trbladaôh padtôradb y mh cbs prâdtadbs brtçstadbs dfhtmgpfrâhmbs. Cb rmprmsmhtbdaôh lm cb eaiurb mh dfgpfsadaôh dfgpcmkb (hbrrbhlf uh dfhdmptf) Pmcbdaôh lm efhlf eaiurb mcmgmhtfs adfhfirâeadfs pbrb cb tmgâtadb suimrmhtm b cb dfgpfsadaôh lm cb eaiurb.

Mc dumrpf dfgf mcmgmhtf dfhefrgblfr lm cb f`rb.

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^rfludtf(s) Mhtrmib`cm (s)

Mxpcfrbdaôh; ^rmsmhtb cbs mvalmhdabs lm cfs sb`mrms prmvafs b trbvás lm su dbrpmtb y sus prfludtfs brtçstadfs, rmecmxafhbhlf lm sus cfirfs y cagatbdafhms. Pmbcazb dbtmifrçbs fpmrbdafhbcms bdmrdb lm; Hbrrbtavb vasubc, sahtbxas, smgâhtadb y gatfs. Tmcmddafhb ahefrgbdaôh sf`rm cfs gatfs y rmemrmhtms vasubcms. Gumstrb ahtmrás mh mc tmgb.

Dbrpmtb lm ahvmstaibdaôh; Dfhdmptubcazbdaôh lm cfs tárgahfs; Hbrrbtavb vasubc, Tahtbxas vasubc, Tmgâhtadb vasubc y gatfs.

Pmiastrf lmc prfdmsf drmbtavf. Pmiastrf lm cfs rmemrmhtms y cçhmbs lm ahtmrás. Bhâcasas drçtadf y Ahvmstaibdaôh iuablb; lm Pmecmxafhb y sm prmiuhtb; ¶Dôgf pumlf `a`cafirâeadf rmprmsmhtbr uh gatf b trbvás lm ga rmemrmhtms pahturb qum smb dfhvahdmhtm pbrb mc mspmdtblfr: gfstrbhlf uhb mstátadb @fdmtf dfgpfsatavf lmc tmgb –Gatfs‗  pmrsfhbc y brtçstadb bc gasgf tamgpf6 Mstb`cmdm f`kmtavfs sf`rm su tmgb padtôradf.

^rfludtf lm tbccmr; Tçhtmsas; Tmcmddafhb y prmpbrb mc sfpfrtm pbrb mc Mstulaf padtôradf. prfdmsf tádhadf padtôradf Pmbcazb uhb smcmddaôh lm `fdmtfs. Lasmòb, la`ukb y pahtb su prfymdtf brtçstadf dfh mc tmgb lm gatfs

 

 

smsaôh =

=

5

smsaôh 5

9

smsaôh 9

? smsaôh ?

Cmymhlbs; dfhdmptfs fpmrbtavfs, lmeahadaôh lmeahadaôh pfr cb Pbm y ftrfs, dbrbdtmrçstadbs y tapfs. Cmymhlbs pmrubhbs y rmemrmhtms vasubcms. Dfgpfsadafhms oastôradbs y bcmifrçbs sag`ôcadbs (bhâcasas mstátadf vasubc).

Dfhdmptfs lm sag`fcfiçb m adfhfirbeçb.

Gátflfs lm mvbcubdaôh mstátadb lm pahturb mstátadbs y bcmiôradbs  bcmiôradbs 

Mxpcfrbdaôh; Bhbcazb, almhtaeadb y dfhdmptubcazb mc tmrgahf lm cmymhlb, rmdfpacb y smcmddafhb tapfs lm cmymhlbs pmrubhbs. Tmcmddafhb rmemrmhtms vasubcms bdmrdb lm cmymhlbs pmrubhbs.

^ragmrb dfhtahub, rmvasaôh lm dbrpmtb lm ahvmstaibdaôh

Ahvmstaibdaôh iuablb; Bhbcazb cb prmiuhtb; ¶Dôgf rmprmsmhtbr uhb cmymhlb pmrubhb qum smb dfhvahdmhtm gfstrbhlf, uhb mstátadb pmrsfhbc y brtçstadb6 @ûsqumlb lm cmymhlbs pmrubhbs ^cbhaeadb mc drfhfirbgb lm cb pahturb b rmbcazbr.

Dfhdmptubcazbdaôh lmc tárgahf; cmymhlb. Pmiastrf vasubc, `afirâeadf y drçtadf lm cfs rmemrmhtms.

Tçhtmsas; B trbvás lm cbs cmymhlbs, cfs bcughfs mstulabh dfgpfsadafhms oastôradbs, sag`fcfiçb m adfhfirbeçb pmrubhb. Pmbcazb `fdmtfs y smcmddafhb cb dfgpfsadaôh pbrb su prfymdtf lm cmymhlb.

Dbrpmtb ahvmstaibdaôh;

lm

Pmiastrf lmc prfdmsf drmbtavf lmc smiuhlf prfludtf padtôradf. @fdmtf lmc smiuhlf prfludtf.

^rfludtf lm tbccmr; prfludtf padtôradf dfh

Lasmòb, prfymdtf mc tmgb lm –cmymhlbs‗.  padtôradf la`ukb dfh mcy rmbcazb tmgb lmuh cmymhlbs pmrubhbs 

.

MUBC]BDAFH DFH\AH]B 2 (0> %) Lmc = bc 2> lm fdtu`rm Lmcfdtu`rm = bc 1  lm

Tmgbhb lm pbrtadapbdaôh mh bdtavalblms mh mc gbrdf lmc bhavmrsbraf lm cb MHTB@B^  

PMEMPMHDABT @A@CAFIPÂEADBT DFG^CMGMH\BPABT LM CB ]HALBL A  Cagb; Ahstatutf lm Mstulafs   Dbhsmdf, G. P. (0>>9). Mstrudturbs bhlahbs lmc pflmr ; almfcfi aa  b rmcaiafsb y pfc aa tadb.   pmrubhfs. pâi. 02-0?. ottps;//www.brtrmhmwbc.fri/     ottps;//www.brtrmhmwbc.fri/   ottps;//www.gmbg.ms/  ottps;//www.gmbg.ms/  •

  

  

̂

̂

•

•

]halbl AA H» lm Tmgbhb H» lm Tmgbhb / Emdobs

BPR]M\A^FT Q ]HAUMPTBCALBL Lmsbrrfccb prfymdtfs brtçstadfs dfhsalmrbhlf mc mstulaf lmc dumrpf ougbhf y mc lmshulf dfgf lasdursf: bpcadbhlf mc dfhdmptf lm brqumtapf y uhavmrsbcalbl mh cb mcb`frbdaôh lm su prfpumstb padtôradb.

^rfludtf(s) Mhtrmib`cm (s) 

 

 

\mgbs

Tmsaôh 1 1

Bdtavalblms Tmdumhdab GAB

MUBC]BDAÔH ^BPDABC Mxpcfrbdaôh; Dfhdmptubcazb cfs tárgahfs lm brqumtapf, adfhfirbeçb y sag`fcfiçb. Bhbcazb y smcmddafhb mcmgmhtfs lm cb adfhfirbeçb y sag`fcfiçb prmdfcfg`ahb. Lm`btm sf`rm brqumtapfs. Ahvmstaibdaôh iuablb;  ¶Bhbcazb cb prmiuhtb Dôgf drmbr uh brqumtapf dfh cb rmprmsmhtbdaôh lmc dumrpf ougbhf y mcmgmhtfs adfhfirâeadfs b trbvás lm uhb pahturb brtçstadb6

smsaôh 2>

sag`fcfiçb my Brqumtapfs adfhfirbeçb; ,Lmeahadafhms dfhdmptf fpmrbtavf. Pmemrmhtms vasubcms.

22

smsaôh 22

Hbrrbtavb y bhâcasas vasubc mh cb pahturb.

Almhtaeadbdaôh lm brqumtapfs qum cm pmrgatmh uhb hbrrbtavb b trbvás lm

20

smsaôh 20

prfymdtf pmrsfhbc.

padtôradfs. Lasmòb, la`ukb y pahtb su prfymdtf brtçstadf dfh mc tmgb lm brqumtapfs

2>

24

smsaôh 24

Dbrpmtb lm ahvmstaibdaôh; Dfhdmptubcazbdaôh lm cfs tárgahfs lm brqumtapf, sag`fcfiçb, adfhfirbeçb. Pmiastrb cfs rmemrmhtms brtçstadfs qum obybh trbtblf mc tmgb lm brqumtapfs lm gbhmrb `afirâeadb, drçtadb y vasubc.

Pmiastrf y bhâcasas lmc prfdmsf drmbtavf lmc tmrdmr prfludtf cb padtôradf. pahturb. ^cbhaeadb mc drfhfirbgb pmrsfhbc @fdmtf lmc tmrdmr prfludtf. lmc tmrdmr prfymdtf padtôradf. Almbdaôh m ahvmstaibdaôh ^rfludtf lm tbccmr; vasubc, dfhtmxtubc, drçtadb lmc Tçhtmsas; Pmbcazb `fdmtfs prfludtf padtôradf dfh mc tmgb lm   –Brqumtapf‗

 

 

2<

smsaôh 2<

MUBC]BDAÔH DFH\AH]B 0 Dfhdmptubcazbdaôh; Almhtalbl ]havmrsbcalbl Icf`bcazbdaôh ^fstprfluddaôh Gusmfcfiçb Gusmfirbeçb

smsaôh 2= Hbrrbtavb bhâcasas mhlmsdraptavb, tfrhf bc tmgb m ahtmrprmtbdaôh (mhsbyf)

2=

25

smsaôh 25

^fstprfluddaôh (@rfdourm, pfstmr, dbtbcfif) Gfhtbkm gusmfirâeadf(vartubc)

MUBC]BDAÔH EAHBC

Mxpcfrbdaôh;  Dfhdmptubcazb cbs dbtmifrçbs lm almhtalbl, icf`bcazbdaôh uhavmrsbcalbl, pfst prfluddaôh, gusmfcfiçb y gusmfirbeçb. Almbdaôh m ahvmstaibdaôh vasubc y dfhtmxtubc pbrb mc prfymdtf padtôradf.

Dbrpmtb lm ahvmstaibdaôh; Dfhdmptubcazbdaôh lm cbs dbtmifrçbs lm almhtalbl, ]havmrsbcalbl y Icf`bcazbdaôh, gusmfcfiçb, gusmfirbeçb, pfstprfluddaôh

Ahvmstaibdaôh iuablb;  Bhbcazb cb prmiuhtb; ¶Dôgf rmprmsmhtbr brtçstadbgmhtm mc dfhdmptf lm almhtalbl y/f uhavmrsbcalbl b trbvás lm uhb pahturb6 Mstb`cmdm f`kmtavfs mh `bsm b su prfymdtf padtôradf

Pmiastrf y bhâcasas lmc prfdmsf drmbtavf lmc dubrtf prfludtf padtôradf. Mhsbyf eahbc ^rmsmhtbdaôh lm dbtbcfif, Tçhtmsas; Lasmòb, la`ukb y pahtb dfh ^pt; mc tmgb lm almhtalbl y/f beadom. uhavmrsbcalbl. Mcb`frb uh dbtâcfif, uh mhsbyf y gusmfcfiçb lm mxpfsadaôh vartubc. ^rmsmhtbdaôh eahbc

^rfludtf lm tbccmr; prfludtf padtôradf

M_BGMH EAHBC

PMEMPMHDABT @A@CAFIPÂEADBT DFG^CMGMH\BPABT LM CB ]HALBL AA Pfdb, B. D. D . (0>2 %) Tmg. 25

Mc prfgmlaf eahbc (^E) sm f`tamhm lm cb saiuamhtm gbhmrb; ^E 7 >.. >.0= 0= (M^) + >.4 (ME)

A_.  @A@CAFIPBEÇB  @a`cafirbeçb `âsadb

^rfemsfr lm \bccmr y Kurblf mxtmrhf (^rfemsfrms lm dursfs tmôradfs y lm laemrmhtms mspmdabcalblms) 

 

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Briumlbs, K. G. (0>20). Lafsms L afsms y ofg`rms lm Oubrfdoarç; hbrrbdaôh qumdoub rmdfialb rmdfialb pfr Erbhdasdf lm Bvcab ¶2=1?6 . Cagb; Ahstatutf lm Mstulafs ^mrubhfs. Brtour L. Mecbhl, J. E. (0>>4). Cb mludbdaôh mh mc brtm pfsgflmrhf. @brdmcfhb; ^balôs. Brávbcf Kmsûs (0>>5) Cfs gatfs lmc irbh tamgpf y mc smhtalf lm cb valb Gblral. @a`caftmdb Humvb. @bz, G. (2115). Gmtâefrbs lmc dumrpf; ]h mstulaf sf`rm cb gukmr y cb lbhzb. ]havmrsalbl Hbdafh Hbdafhbc bc Butôhfgb lm Gáxadf. Dbhsmdf, G. P. (0>>9). Mstrudturbs bhlahbs lmc pflmr; almfcfiab rmcaiafsb y pfcatadb. Cagb; Ahstatutf lm Mstulafs pmrubhfs. Dcbulm Cáva, Ttrbuss (0>2>) Gatf y saihaeadblf. Gblral Mspbòb; Bcabhzb Lmsaihas (0>2>) Gatfs y ratfs mh cbs sfdamlblms dfhtmgpfrâhmbs. @brdmcfhb; Imlassb Mcablm Gardmb (0>>?) Mc gatf lmc mtmrhf rmtfrhf — brqumtapfs y rmpmtadaôh. Gblral; Bcabhzb Mdf Oug`mrtf (0>>9) Oastfrab lm cb Embclbl Pfgb Ml Cugmh Msdf`br, \adaf (21?5) Mc gatf lmc brtm y mc gatf lmc pum`cf. Tbhtabif-Doacm; Gmtbcms pmsblfs. Ibcahlf, B. E. (21?9). @usdbhlf uh ahdb; Almhtalbl y utfpçb mh cfs bhlms. Cagb; Ahstatutf lm Bpfyf Birbraf. Omrhâhlmz, P. T. (0>2=). Gatfs, cmymhlbs y rmcbtfs bhdbsoahfs. Bhdbso; Jaccb Mlatfrabc. Cbumr Garjf (2195) Ahtrfluddaôh ^ahturb ^mrubhb lmc saicf __ Cagb Gfsdb Bzuc Gfhtbcvf, D. \. (0>225). Gatfs y Cmymhlbs lmc ^mrû - Tamrrb. Cagb; Efhlf Mlatfrabc Ducturb ^mrubhb. Gbymr Pbcpo (21?2) Gbtmrabcms y tádhadbs lmc brtm. Gblral. Ml @cugm Frtaz Bcmkbhlrf (0>>1). DFGF GM[DCBP DFCFPMT (Bprmhlmr obdamhlf). @brdmcfhb; ^brrbgôh. ^brrbgôh. Padobrl, H. (0>24). Erbdturbs lm cb gmgfrab. Brtm y pmhsbgamhtf drçtadf. @umhfs Barms; Taicf Umahtauhf. Pfdb, B. D. (0>2>5) Tfdafcfiçb lm Cagb. Cagb; ]HGTG        

               

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Uado UçdtfrDoâvmz, (0>24) Ufdms lm cf^fst sag`ôcadf. Cagb; humvbs E.D.M vasafhms brtm drçtadf mh Cagb (21?>-0>>5 Uaccbdfrtb Kfrim ygâs ftrfsbccâ(0>>5) (21?>-0>>5).). ^mrû;  — acusafhms, Euhlbdaôh Buiustf H. Yammsm. [aiguht @buggbh (0>>9) Brtm (¶caqualf6). (¶caqualf6). Gblral; Tmquatur

@a`cafirbeçb dfgpcmgmht dfgpcmgmhtbrab brab @udocfo, @mhkbgah O. L. (0>>>2) Mc rmtfrhf lm cf rmbc. Mspbòb; Mladafhms Bjbc Euraô, Uahdmhé (0>>0) Almbs y efrgbs mh cb rmprmsmhtbdaôh ^adtôradb. Mspbòb; ]havmrsalbl lm @brdmcfhb.

Eumhtms Mcmdtrôhadbs ottp;//cbsfdamlbleaiiurbtavb.`cfispft.dfg urbtavb.`cfispft.dfg / ottp;//www.pahturbyb ottp;//www.pahturbybrtastbs.dfg/brtm-y-m rtastbs.dfg/brtm-y-mstacfs-prfpaf stacfs-prfpaf-cbalmhtalbl -cbalmhtalbl-lmc-brtastb -lmc-brtastb ottps;//ms.sdra`l.dfg/lfdugmht/0 ottps;//ms.sdra`l.dfg /lfdugmht/0592>==2< -01-45-0>224/2>/dbrc-k /0>24/2>/dbrc-kuhi-brqu uhi-brqumtapfs-gastadb mtapfs-gastadb-m.otgc -m.otgc www.brtmhmwbc.fri ottp;//ibhmxb.mlu.pb/wpdfhtmht/upcfbls/0>22