Electronic Control Electronic Control Unit(E Unit(ECU) CU) - Webina Webinarr Basics of Automotive ECU
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ETAS Embedded Systems Consulting Embedded Software, AUTOSAR and Safety Consulting
Chandrashekara N (ETAS/ESC) Lead Lead Consu Consulta ltant nt – Embedde Embedded d Sys System temss
[email protected] Phone+91 80 67836240 Mobile +91 9742399577
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Basics of Automotive ECU Agenda
− Basics of Automotive ECU − Importance of electronics and software within vehicles
− Hardware architecture of a typical ECU.
− Software Architecture , functions and implementation
− Sample application of ECU within the vehicle.
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Basics of Automotive ECU Agenda
− Basics of Automotive ECU − Importance of electronics and software within vehicles
− Hardware architecture of a typical ECU
− Software Architecture , functions and implementation
− Sample application of ECU within the vehicle.
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Basics of Automotive ECU Importance of electronics and software within vehicles
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Basics of Automotive ECU Importance of electronics and software within vehicles
Major Systems in Automobiles − ENGINE − DRIVETRAIN − INSTRUMENTATION − SUSPENSION − STEERING − BRAKES − INFOTAINMENT
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Basics of Automotive ECU Importance of electronics and software within vehicles
Electronics growing Forecast about “Automotive Electronics” in 2010 35% of the vehicle value will be electronics 5 to 8 Million Milli on lines of software code Close to 70 ECUs in Cars Almost Every subsystem will have electronic controls • Powertrain (Engine, Transmission, Transmission, Hybrid Hybrid etc.) etc.) • Chassis (Brakes, Steering, Roll Stability, Stability, etc.) • Body (Crash (Crash - Passive Passive and and in the future future Active) Active) • Body (Lightin (Lighting, g, Windows Windows,, Locks) • Climate Control Control (Multi Zone, Instant Instant Heat/Cool Heat/Cool etc.) etc.) • Instru Instrume menta ntatio tion n • Infotainment (connecting both driver driver and passenger to any available information ,Multi-media, Navigation etc.)
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Basics of Automotive ECU Importance of electronics and software within vehicles
≈ 100,000 ���C ≈ 6,500,000 ���C > 20,000,000 ���C
− Estimates of 100-200 million source lines of code (SLOC) − To put this into perspective − There are ≈ 10,000 lines in a novel
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Basics of Automotive ECU Importance of electronics and software within vehicles
Need for an ECU
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−
Emission Legislation
−
Higher Power and Torque
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Fuel Efficient
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Smoother drivability
−
Cost effective
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Basics of Automotive ECU Importance of electronics and software within vehicles
Engine management ECU �������� E����� C������ ����� ������� ����� ���� ���������� �� ���� ���� ��������� ��� �������� ������ ���� �������������� ������������ ������������ ������� ������ ����������� ��� ������� ���� �����������.
C������� B������� �������� ����������� ��������������� ������� ������� ������� ���� � ��� ������� B����� B����� ������ ����������
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Basics of Automotive ECU Importance of electronics and software within vehicles
Advantages of an ECU
− − − − − − − −
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Reduced exhaust emission Increased fuel efficiency Improved drive-ability Smoother and/or quieter engine operation Safety functions Comfort functions Interactions with other systems Diagnostics
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Basics of Automotive ECU Agenda
− Basics of Automotive ECU − Importance of electronics and software within vehicles
− Hardware architecture of a typical ECU
− Software Architecture , functions and implementation
− Sample application of ECU within the vehicle.
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Basics of Automotive ECU Hardware architecture of a typical ECU Automobile without ECU
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Driver’s demand
Fuel-injection pump +Governor +Timer
Gear lever
Gear box
Mechanical coupling
Engine
Wheels
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Basics of Automotive ECU Hardware architecture of a typical ECU Automobile with ECU
Driver’s demand
Electronic Control Unit
Sensors
Fuelinjection pump
Mechanical coupling Electrical coupling
Engine
Communication Interface (CAN)
Wheels
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Basics of Automotive ECU Hardware architecture of a typical ECU
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Basics of Automotive ECU Hardware architecture of a typical ECU EC� �������� ECU Connector Regulated Power Supply Module (RPS)
Input and Output ( I / O ) Interface
System Clock (Oscillator)
Micro-processor
Read only only Memory Memory (ROM) (ROM) – FLASH
(or) Micro-controller (CPU)
Random Access Memory (RAM) Electrically Erasable and Programmab Programmable le Memory (EEPROM) Non-volatile RAM (NVRAM)
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Basics of Automotive ECU Hardware architecture of a typical ECU ECU system blocks
− Microprocessor/ Microcontroller Executes the instructions instructions as coded and generates output signals by processing the information using specified control algorithms.
− Input Output interface operating conditions conditions and the desired values. values. • Sensors - Registers the operating • Actuators - Convert the electrical output from ECU to mechanical
parameters.
− Memory Unit • Boot Memory (ROM/Flash) • Program memory (Flash) • Calibration memory (Flash) • Data memory (Flash, EEPROM, SRAM/Battery backed RAM) 17
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Basics of Automotive ECU Agenda
− Basics of Automotive ECU − Importance of electronics and software within vehicles
− Hardware architecture of a typical ECU.
− Software Architecture , functions and implementation
− Sample application of ECU within the vehicle.
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Basics of Automotive ECU Software Architecture , functions and implementation ECUs, contribut contributing ing to Standardize the software architecture of ECUs, improved performance, safety and environmental friendliness. friendliness. − Increasing amount of networked functionality and software − CO2 reduction (Hybrids, E-Motors), − Safety enhancements (active, passive), …
Software Hardware
− Because there was no common standard … − Every company invented its own solutions − Integration of 3rd-party software creating prohibitive efforts − Who is responsible (for what), how to test (Methodology), − Implementation efficiency (e.g. Wrapper software, Interface components) − Several tool chains required (own, plus those of 3 rd parties) − Situation without AUTOSAR − OEM 'Standard Cores' to ensure correct network behavior − But Tier-1 had to integrate different SW for each OEM … − … integration problems difficult to identify and costly to debug
Application Software (ASW) Basic Software (BSW) Proprietary Hardware
Application Software AUTOSAR RTE Services
ECU ECU Abstraction and ComplexDrivers
MicrocontrollerAbstraction
Hardware
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Basics of Automotive ECU Software Architecture , functions and implementation
Objectives:
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Basic SW: Decoupling of Hardware and Application Software Application SW: Relocation / Reuse of SW-Components between ECUs
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Basics of Automotive ECU Software Architecture , functions and implementation ��� ���� ������������ ����������� �����������
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Basics of Automotive ECU Software Architecture , functions and implementation Example Software Function / Task − Read the Accelerator Pedal value and calculate the required Torque to be generated from the Engine. − This function has to be b e repeated every 20 milliseconds. milliseconds. − Steps:
Converter (ADC) − Read the data captured by the Analog-to-Digital Converter on the Channel to which the Accelerator Pedal is Connected. − Using this data, look-up the value from a 3D Table (Map), which also contains the Engine RPM (Rotations per Minute), as another input axis. − Take the output value from the Map, multiply it by a correction factor (depending on, for e.g. Performance or Economy Mode). − The output of this calculation is the Torque to be generated by the Engine. − Repeat this sequence every 20 milliseconds.
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Basics of Automotive ECU Agenda
− Basics of Automotive ECU − Importance of electronics and software within vehicles
− Hardware architecture of a typical ECU
− Software Architecture , functions and implementation
− Sample application of ECU within the vehicle
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Basics of Automotive ECU Sample application of ECU within the vehicle
Chassis Systems ECU �������� ��� ������ ������� ������� ���� ������ �������� ������� ���� � ���� ����� �� ����������� ����������. �� �� ����� �� ����� ����� ����� �� �������, �������, �������� ��� ���������� ������������ �� ������� ������� ������� ��� ���� ���� ��� ����� ���������� �����. ������ ����������� ��� ����������� ������� ������� ���� AB� �� E�� E� �.
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Basics of Automotive ECU Sample application of ECU within the vehicle
Body Control ECU �������� ��� BC� ������� ������� ������ ������, �A� ����, ��� �������������� ��� ������� ������� ����� ������� �� � ������������ ������. (����� ���� E��������� C������ ����, A��������� ����� ������ E��������� C������ ����) ��� ���� ����� ���������.
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Basics of Automotive ECU Sample application of ECU within the vehicle
Safety systems ������� ������ �������
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B���� ������� D����� A����� ������� �������� C������ ������� & ����������
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Software and Safety Consulting Service Portfolio
Competencies Embedded Software Development Optimized Software Architectures
Services
Software Development and Rapid Prototyping Operative Support and Project Management
Systems Engineering Training and Coaching Functional Safety Organizational Change Management Process Improvement
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ETAS AUTOSAR Solutions Overview of ET ETAS’ AS’ AUTOSAR Solutions
*.arxml
�������� C�������� �������������� (�����������, ���� C���)
ECU 1 SWC.c
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A����A� ������ ������������� (����A��A)
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ECU 2
RTE.c
ECU n OS.c
BSW.c
����A� E�E Virtual Validation Platform (based on RT-Linux)
Importers of non-AR formats dbc/fibex/ldf
C��������� ��� E���������� �������� (��������, C�������, �� D���������� ��� �����������, ������� �������) *) AUTOSAR
4.0 Basic software modules developed and provided by Bosch. Bosch. Developed to meet ASIL-D requirements. Roadmap details defined by Bosch.
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ETAS AUTOSAR Solutions Third-Party Tools
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ETAS Support for Automotive Embedded Systems & Software Any Questions? Questions?
有難うございました
감사합니다.
谢 谢 ������ �����
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