2001 Goodacre-Tooth Preparations For Complete Crowns An Art Form Based On Scientific Principles - En.es

 

Vrnpmrmboidns andtmjns pmrm biridms bilpjntms0 udm hirlm an mrtn emsmam nd prodbopois bondtìhobis

Bcmrjns @. Kiiambrn, AAR, LRA, udm [mydn X. Bmlpmkdo, ALA, so y Rtnvnd M. Mquojodi, AAR, LR  B Hmbujtma an Iaidtijikìm, ^dovnrsoama an Jilm Jodam, Jilm Jodam, Bmjohirdom, y Hmbujtma an Iaidtijikìm, ^dovnrsoama an Oiwm, Oiwm Boty, Oiwm

Vjmdtnmlondti anj priejnlm. Dodkudm jotnrmturm rnbondtn cm rnvosmai nj bidibolondti bondtìhobi mbtumj siern prnpmrmboidns andtmjns an bienrturm bilpjntm. Vripòsoti. Nstn mrtìbuji ansbroen jm nvijuboòd costòrobm an jms prnpmrmboidns andtmjns an bienrturm bilpjntm n oandtohobm jms pmutms pmrm jms prnpmrmboidns andtmjns bondtìhobms.

Lmtnromj y lïtiais. Rn rnvosò jm jotnrmturm qun buern 5>6 mýis an príbtobm bjìdobm bid ïdhmsos nd jis amtis bondtìhobis maquoroais aurmdtn jis ðjtolis >6 mýis. Rn utojozmrid tmdti udm eðsqunam nd LNAJODN bili udm eðsqunam lmdumj nxtndsm pmrm jibmjozmr mrtìbujis rnjnvmdtns nsbrotis nd odkjïs nd jis ðjtolis >6 mýis.

Unsujtmais. Jis aondtns anend prnpmrmrsn an lmdnrm qun prnsndtnd jms sokuondtns bmrmbtnrìstobms0 =6 m 56 krmais an bidvnrkndbom ibjusmj titmj, udm aolndsoòd ibjusibnrvobmj ibjusibnrvobmj lìdolm an 1 ll pmrm jis lijmrns y 2 ll pmrm itris aondtns, y udm rnjmboòd an aolndsoòd ibjusibnrvobmj m hmboijodkumj an 6,1 i lmyir . Ronlprn qun snm pisoejn, anend bidsnrvmrsn jis ídkujis an jms jìdnms hmboiprixolmj y jodkuiprixolmj. jodkuiprixolmj. Bumdai hmjtnd jms bmrmbtnrìstobms mdtnroirns, jis aondtns anend liaohobmrsn bid bmrmbtnrìstobms an rnsostndbom muxojomrns bili rmdurms mxomjns i bm`ms, prnhnroejnlndtn nd supnrhobons prixolmjns. Jm snjnbboòd an jm jìdnm an jjnkmam anen emsmrsn nd nj topi an biridm / rntndnair, jis rnquosotis nstïtobis, jm hmbojoama an hirlmboòd y jm nxpnrondbom pnrsidm pnrsidmj.j. Jms nxpnbtmtovms an ud m`ustn lmrkodmj ln`irmai bid bonrtms jìdnms an lntm di puaonrid snr vmjoamams pir odvnstokmboidns rnbondtns. Jis rnquosotis nstïtobis y jms bidaoboidns an jis aondtns antnrlodmd jms ueobmboidns an jm jìdnm an lntm nd rnjmboòd bid jm ndbìm, sondai lís mbnptmejn udm ueobmboòd suprmkodkovmj. Jis ídkujis an jms jìdnms anend rnaidanmrsn y sn ansnm ud krmai rmzidmejn an sumvoama nd jm supnrhobon.

Bidbjusoòd. Rn cmd ansmrrijjmai dunvn prodbopois bondtìhobis qun kmrmdtozmd nj ïxoti lnbídobi, eoijòkobi y nstïtobi pmrm jm prnpmrmboòd andtmj an rnstmurmboidns an bienrturm bilpjntm. (@ Vristcnt Andt 566=7 3>0 282-;8.)

OLVJOBMBOIDNR BJÌDOBMR Jis prodbopois oandtohobmais nd nstn mrtìbuji punand myuamr m jis andtostms m aosnýmr, nvmjumr y liaohobmr jms prnpmrmboidns andtmjns an bienrturm bilpjntm pmrm kmrmdtozmr nj ïxoti bjìdobi nd nj trmtmlondti an udm vmronama an aondtns prnpmrmais prnvomlndtn y sod prnpmrmboòd.

 Nd =;1;, Vonrrn Hmubcmra ansbroeoò nj pribnsi lnaomdtn nj bumj sn snjnbboidmrid jms rmìbns an jis aondtns mdtnroirns supnroirns pmrm jm rnstmurmboòd an aondtns odaovoaumjns y rnnlpjmzi an aondtns lðjtopjns. Jis povitns (pistns) an iri i pjmtm sn rntuvonrid nd jms rmìbns bid nj usi an ud

yi

an mpjobmr aondtns an povitn mtirdojjmdai nj povitn nd jm emsn an udm biridm, junki mkrmdamdai nj bidaubti rmaobujmr ji suhobondtn pmrm mermzmr horlnlndtn

macnsovi mejmdamai pir bmjir jjmlmai "lmsojjm", y sn bijibmrid rnnlpjmzis an biridm nd jis povitns. =

culnama codbcmrìm jm lmanrm y rntndarìm nj povitn.  5 Vistnroirlnd Vistnroirlndtn, tn, jms

jm pirboòd an jm rmìz anj povitn. 5 Jms prolnrms biridms an "povitn" nd jis Nstmais ^doais usmemd lmanrm an dikmj ejmdbi burmai pmrm povitns.  2 Jm biridms povitmdtns sn hmerobmrid bid udm bileodmboòd an lmanrm y lntmj y junki povitns aurmanris titmjlndtn lntíjobis. Jm rntndboòd anj povitn lntíjobi

Nd =;88, Maml Mdtid Eruddnr ansbroeoò ud lïtiai

sn jikrò bid risbms, pmsmairns, supnrhobons rukisms y aosnýis aovoaoais qun pripirboidmrid rntndboòd lnbídobm anj rnsirtn.  5

Vmrtns an nstn lmdusbroti sn prnsndtmrid mdtns an jm rnudoòd mdumj. an jm Mbmanlom Nstmaiudoandsn an Vristiaidbom Ho`m, Bcobmki, Ojjodios, =? an hnernri an =???, y jm rnudoòd mdumj anj Bijnkoi Nstmaiudoandsn an Vristiaidbostms, Irjmdai, Hjiroam, 8 an divonlern an =??;. udm Anbmdi

y Vrihnsir, Anpmrtmlndti an Iaidtijikìm Unstmurmairm, Hmbujtma an

Iaidtijikìm, ^dovnrsoama an Jilm Jodam. so Aornbtir an Viskrmai nd Vristiaidbom y Vrihnsir, Anpmrtmlndti an

Iaidtijikìm Unstmurmairm, Hmbujtma an Iaidtijikìm, ^dovnrsoama an Jilm Jodam. B Vrihnsir, @nhn y

aondtns an mdolmjns y biridms an aondtns dmturmjns smdis. 5 Nstms sustmdboms dmturmjns hunrid rnnlpjmzmams krmaumjlndtn pir pirbnjmdm. Jms biridms povitmdtns an pirbnjmdm hunrid ansbrotms nd =365 pir Aueios an Bcnlmdt y sn bidvortonrid nd nj lïtiai prnhnroai pmrm nj rnnlpjmzi an aondtns mrtohobomjns. 5

Aornbtir an Viskrmai, Anpmrtmlndti an

Vristiaidbom, Hmbujtma an Iaidtijikìm, ^dovnrsoama an Oiwm.

MEUOJ 566=

Bid nj usi an povitns, sn cobonrid biridms an rnnlpjmzi an cunsi, lmrhoj,

Vrnpmrmboidns bjìdobms andtmjns pmrm biridms povitmdtns ndhibmams

JM UNXORQM AN IAIDQIJIKÌM VUIQÏROBM 282

 

KIIAMBUN, BMLVMKDO _ M]^OJODI

JM UNXORQM AN IAIDQIJIKÌM VUIQÏROBM

Hokurm =. Aomkrmlm bid msibomai jìdnms vnrtobmjns qun rnprnsndtm jm bidvnrkndbom ibjusmj titmj (QIB) an jms pmrnans mxomjns bumdai sn prnpmrm bid QIB an >, =6, =>, 56 y 5> krmais.

mj rntormr jm nstrubturm rnsoaumj anj aondtn biridmj bid ci`ms an sonrrm, hòrbnps an

nstrubturm anj aondtn. Qiamvìm sn aorokoò udm mtndboòd bidsoanrmejn cmbom jm jìdnm

nsbosoòd y jolms, snkuoai an jm hirlmboòd an nspmbois pmrm jis pistns bid

an lntm lís mpripomam. Rn puejobmrid mrtìbujis prilivondai aohnrndtns

eribcms, hrnsms i eribms nd nspormj. 5,2

vmromboidns an jms jìdnms an lntm anj cileri.  ==-=1 Rn rnbilndamrid jms jìdnms an

Bumdai Bcmrjns Cndry Jmda ansmrrijjò su tïbdobm pmrm jm hmerobmboòd an

mbmemai anj cileri aneoai mj mulndti an jm rnsostndbom an jm rnstmurmboòd,  => lmsm

biridms bid rnvnstolondti an pirbnjmdm, sn rnquoroò ud bmleoi nd jms pmutms

an pirbnjmdm y rnsostndbom lmrkodmj,  =2,=8 y prnbosoòd an hmerobmboòd. =; Qmleoïd sn

pmrm prnpmrmr jis aondtns pirqun sn prnsnrvò jm nstrubturm biridmj anj aondtn

priliboidmrid jms prnpmrmboidns an aondtns sod cileris bid udm jìdnm an

pmrm jm rntndboòd an jm biridm y jm votmjoama pujpmr. Meikò pir jms biridms an

mbmemai mcusmam, mj okumj qun jis cileris bid ud eosnj lmrkodmj.  =3

bcmquntm an pirbnjmdm pirqun bidsnrvmemd jm nstrubturm anj aondtn,  1-8 nrmd lís nstïtobis qun jms biridms povitmdtns, 1 Riern jm emsn an nstm jotnrmturm andtmj tnlprmdm, nrm nvoandtn qun lubcms

y rnau`i nj dðlnri an hrmbturms andtmjns msibomams bid jms rnstmurmboidns bileodmams an biridm y pistn. ; Jmda odhirlò lndis podzmlondti siern jis tn`oais ejmdais. >,8 Qmleoïd oandtohobò jm olpirtmdbom an ud m`ustn lmrkodmj mbnptmejn 8

pnrsidms bidsoanrmemd qun jms prnpmrmboidns andtmjns y jms jìdnms an mbmemai

n odaobò qun jis pribnaolondtis bjìdobis nrmd lndis aijirisis pmrm nj pmbondtn y lndis hmtokmdtns pmrm nj andtostm.  1

òptolm y di sn aospidìm an amtis bondtìhobis. Jms loslms bidaoboidns

Msì, nd jms prolnrms puejobmboidns an Jmda, 1-? Vrolnri sn prnsndtmrid jms vndtm`ms eoijòkobms, lnbídobms, nstïtobms y psobijòkobms an

msibomams sn ansmrrijjmrid nd mýis pistnroirns. Di hun cmstm jms aïbmams an

prnsnrvmr jm nstrubturm biridmj anj aondtn y rnmjozmr udm rnaubboòd andtmj bidsnrvmairm. Rod nlemrki, nd nstms puejobmboidns di sn odbjuynrid antmjjns nspnbìhobis siern jm hirlm an ud aondtn prnpmrmai y jms pmutms nsbrotms siern jm prnpmrmboòd anj aondtn.

prnpmrmboidns andtmjns andtmjns n oandtohobmr jms bmrmbtnrìstobms qun nrmd nsndbomjns pmrm nj ïxoti.

Aurmdtn jis mýis sokuondtns, sn botmrid nd jm jotnrmturm vmrois mspnbtis anj aosnýi an jm prnpmrmboòd andtmj. Jm prolnrm bmrmbtnrìstobm qun s n aosbutoò mlpjomlndtn hun jm hirlm an jms jìdnms an lntm. Nj Ar. N awmra Rpmjaodk maiptò jis prodbopois anj Ar. Jmda y `udtis ansmrrijjmrid nj bidbnpti an udm jìdnm an mbmemai anj cileri bilpjntm qun pripirboidò m jm biridm an bnrílobm sod

nrmd hmbtirns olpirtmdtns qun mhnbtmemd jm

bjìdobi

jidknvoama

an

pirbnjmdm

bcmquntm

biridms. ==,=>,=8,=?-5= Rod nlemrki, nxostìmd aohnrndtns ipodoidns siern jm hirlm prnvmjnbonrid bumdai itris topis an rnstmurmboidns y prnpmrmboidns andtmjns =?>6 y =?86 qun jis nstuaois bondtìhobis bilndzmrid m mdmjozmr jms

Nstn mrtìbuji prnsndtm pmutms pmrm prnpmrmboidns andtmjns bilpjntms emsmams nd nvoandbom bondtìhobm mbtumj. Lnaomdtn udm rnvosoòd an jm jotnrmturm andtmj, sn cmd oandtohobmai vmrois mspnbtis brìtobis an jm prnpmrmboòd anj aondtn. Nstis pudtis brìtobis lnrnbnd aosbusoòd pmrm qun sn punamd ansmrrijjmr pmutms qun prilunvmd jm brnmboòd an prnpmrmboidns andtmjns lnbídobms, eoijòkobms y nstïtobmlndtn sòjoams.

lntmj ud nspnsir udohirln y hmbojotò jm mamptmboòd an jm lmtroz an jm jílodm an pjmtodi. Mrtìbuji an =?61 anj Ar. Rpmjaodk  =6 hun nj prolnri nd ansbroeor nj pribnsi an hmerobmboòd an jm biridm an bnrílobm sod lntmj nd antmjjn n ojustrmr bjmrmlndtn jm jìdnm an mbmemai anj cileri.

VM^QMR VMUM JM VUNVMUMBOÒD AN JIR AONDQNR

=0 bidvnrkndbom ibjusmj titmj Jm bidvnrkndbom ibjusmj titmj (QIB) (nj ídkuji an bidvnrkndbom ndtrn

nstms biridms an bcmquntm an pirbnjmdm rnjmtovmlndtn dunvms y nj aosnýi

5 supnrhobons mxomjns prnpmrmams ipunstms) hun udi an jis prolnris mspnbtis an jm prnpmrmboòd an jis aondtns pmrm biridms bilpjntms nd rnboeor rnbilndamboidns dulïrobms nspnbìhobms. Nd =?52, Vritcnri 5 odaobò

an prnpmrmboòd pmrm jm biridm

qun "nj

Nd jms aïbmams an =?56 y =?26, sn puejobmrid mrtìbujis bid rnspnbti m

281

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KIIAMBUN, BMLVMKDO _ M]^OJODI

^DM

JM UNXORQM AN IAIDQIJIKÌM VUIQÏROBM

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Hok. 5. M, Xostm ibjusmj an prnlijmr y lijmr supnroir prnpmrmai pmrm biridms an bienrturm pmrbomj. RO, Xostm jodkumj an prnlijmrns y lijmrns. Qndkm nd bundtm qun nj lijmr sn cm prnpmrmai bid ud QIB lubci lmyir (56 krmais) qun nj prnlijmr (; krmais). ^dm lmyir bidvnrkndbom anj lijmr ns lís híboj an nvmjumr bid nj usi an jm vostm jodkumj.

jm bidvnrkndbom an jms supnrhobons pnrohïrobms anenrìm isbojmr ndtrn 5 ¶ y > ¶ “, pnri pmsmrìmd lís an 26 mýis mdtns an qun nstm rnbilndamboòd

Mjmemlm, 5? Diidmd y Kijahiknj, 26 Icl y Rojdnss, 2= y Mddnrstnat nt mj 25 odhirlmrid

ídkujis an QIB lnaois qun isbojmrid ndtrn =5,5 y 5; krmais, nspnbìhobm hunrm silntoam m nsbrutodoi bondtìhobi. Nd =?>>, @irkndsid 55 prieò anpndaondai an so jms prnpmrmboidns andtmjns sn bilpjntmrid nd nj jmeirmtiroi prnbjìdobi i nd sotumboidns bjìdobms. Nd kndnrmj, sn prnpmrmrid jm rntndboòd an biridms nd vmrois ídkujis an QIB mpjobmdai udm hunrzm ídkujis an QIB lís em`is nd sotumboidns prnbjìdobms y aurmdtn jis an trmbboòd m udm biridm bnlndtmam. Jis vmjirns líxolis an rntndboòd nxílndns. Bumdai sn bilpmrmrid jms prnpmrmboidns andtmjns an jis an trmbboòd sn rnkostrmrid m > krmais QIB, ji qun rnspmjam jms

rnbilndamboidns mdtnroirns an 5 m > krmais. Manlís, itris mutirns  52-58 cmd nstuaomdtns bid jms an jis andtostms kndnrmjns, Mddnrstnat nt mj. 25 rnvnjò qun nj QIB lnaoi pmrm jis nstuaomdtns an iaidtijikìm (=?,1 krmais) hun rnbilndamai ídkujis an QIB lìdolis (ndtrn 5 krmais y 8 krmais). [ojsid y Bcmd 5; odhirlò nd =??1 qun jm rntndboòd líxolm an trmbboòd sn

lndir qun jm bidvnrkndbom brnmam pir jis andtostms (55,= krmais).

priaubìm ndtrn 8 y =5 krmais QIB.

Nstuaois solojmrns cmd odhirlmai an ídkujis an QIB lnaois qun vmd ansan

^d hmbtir brìtobi qun anen nvmjumrsn pmrm nj ansmrrijji an udm kuìm pmrm QIB ns nj ídkuji rnmj qun sn hirlm bumdai sn prnpmrmd jis aondtns. Lubcis andtostms cmd msuloai qun jis ídkujis an bidvnrkndbom qun

=1.2 m 56.= krmais pmrm andtostms sod rnjmboòd mpmrndtn bid su dovnj an naubmboòd i nxpnrondbom. 22-2; Jm jotnrmturm andtmj tmleoïd cm prnsndtmai amtis siern vmrois

nlemrki, ns olpirtmdtn nvmjumr ie`ntovmlndtn jis ídkujis an bidvnrkndbom

hmbtirns qun punand brnmr ud lmyir QIB y tmj vnz odbjusi rnquonrmd jm hirlmboòd an bmrmbtnrìstobms muxojomrns qun ln`irnd jm rnsostndbom mj

nstmejnboais tìpobmlndtn nd vmrois aondtns. Jm Hokurm = sn cm brnmai pmrm

anspjmzmlondti0

priaubnd bulpjnd bid nj ídkuji lìdoli rnbilndamai rnbilndamai an 5 m 8 krmais. Rod

myuamr nd nstn pribnsi an nvmjumboòd. Jm bijibmboòd an udm lmtroz an aondtn prnpmrmam nd udm pisoboòd nd jm qun jms pmrnans mxomjns an jm lmtroz

=. Jis aondtns pistnroirns sn prnpmrmrid bid lmyir QIB qun jis aondtns mdtnroirns 25,22,2; ( Hok. 2, ^DM lnaomdtn B).

punamd supnrpidnrsn supnrpidnrsn siern jms jìdnms prnsndtns nd jm h okurm pnrlotn

5. Jis aondtns lmdaoeujmrns sn prnpmrmrid bid lmyir bidvnrkndbom qun jis aondtns lmxojmrns. 5?,22,2;

mprixolmboidns bnrbmdms anj QIB.

2. Jis lijmrns lmdaoeujmrns sn prnpmrmrid bid nj lmyir QIB. 21,2; Jms priynbboidns ibjusmjns sn utojozmd tìpobmlndtn bjìdobmlndtn pmrm nvmjumr nj QIB, pnri tondnd ud vmjir jolotmai pmrm antnrlodmr nj ídkuji an

1. Jms supnrhobons hmboijodkúns tuvonrid lmyir bidvnrkndbom qun jms supnrhobons lnsoiaostmjns (Hok. 1). 25 Rod nlemrki, itri nstuaoi 2; antnrlodmrid

bidvnrkndbom rnmj hirlmai (Hok. 5). Vir tmdti, aurmdtn jm prnpmrmboòd bjìdobm

qun jm bidvnrkndbom lnsoiaostmj nrm lmyir qun jm bidvnrkndbom

anj aondtn, sn cm rnbilndamai nj usi an ud nspn`i pmrm qun sn nstmejnzbm

hmboijodkún.

udm vostm hmbomj i jodkumj an jis aondtns prnpmrmais. Jms vostms bjìdobms hmbomjns / jodkumjns sid nj lnaoi lís nhobmz an nvmjumr nj QIB pirqun jm bidvnrkndbom an jms supnrhobons lnsomj y aostmj ns híbojlndtn vosoejn.

Rn cm antnrlodmai qun jis nstuaomdtns an iaidtijikìm, jis rnsoandtns an lnaobodm kndnrmj, jis andtostms kndnrmjns y jis pristiaidbostms di brnmd an hirlm rutodmrom ídkujis lìdolis bili an 5 m > krmais. 53-2; ( Hok. 2). Nstuaois an

>. Jis pojmrns an andtmaurm pistozm pmrbomj ho`m (HVA) sn prnpmrmrid bid lmyir QIB qun jms biridms odaovoaumjns.  2>

8. Jm vosoòd lidibujmr (= i`i) kndnrò lmyir QIB qun jm vosoòd eodibujmr (mleis i`is). 2> Mudqun sn cm anlistrmai qun jm vosoòd eodibujmr, m aostmdboms luy birtms an aondtn m i`i (=>6 ll i mprixolmamlndtn 8 pujkmams), 2> cmbn qun jis aondtns sn rnbirtnd nd ud prilnaoi an > krmais, jis aondtns sn prnpmrmd bjìdobmlndtn m aostmdboms supnroirns m =>6 ll odbjusi

[nna nt mj, 53 Rlotc nt MEUOJ 566=

28>

 

KIIAMBUN, BMLVMKDO _ M]^OJODI

JM UNXORQM AN IAIDQIJIKÌM VUIQÏROBM

^DM

B

so

rn

lo

Hok. 2. M, Xostm hmbomj anj odbosovi bndtrmj supnroir prnpmrmai pmrm biridm an bnrílobm sod lntmj. Nj QIB ndtrn jms pmrnans lnsomj y aostmj ns an > krmais. Jis ídkujis an QIB lís pnqunýis kndnrmjlndtn sn priaubnd nd jis aondtns mdtnroirns aneoai m su mbbnsi y vosoeojoama. RO, vosoeojoama. RO, Lijan an lijmr lmdaoeujmr prnpmrmai bid ; krmais an QIB, rnprnsndtmtovi anj ídkuji an QIB lís pnqunýi priauboai pir jis mutirns nd aondtns pistnroirns. B, Xostm hmbomj an lijmr lmdaoeujmr bid =3 krmais an QIB, rnprnsndtmtovm an lubcis aondtns pistnroirns njmeirmam pir jis mutirns. UN, Lijans an prnlijmr y lijmr lmdaoeujmr. Rn brnò udm lmyir bidvnrkndbom nd jis aondtns (lijmrns) lndis mbbnsoejns qun nd jis prnlijmrns. Nj QIB prnlijmr ns an =5 krmais y nj QIB lijmr ns an 55 krmais. LO, krmais.  LO, Lijan an lijmr lmdaoeujmr odbjodmai lnsomjlndtn y prnpmrmboidns andtmjns rnsujtmdtns. Bumdai jis pojmrns nstmemd lmj mjodnmais an lianrmam m krmvn, bid hrnbundbom sn brnmemd ídkujis an QIB lmyirns. Nj prnlijmr tondn =3 krmais an QIB y nj lijmr tondn 51 krmais an QIB.

Jm rntndboòd m ji jmrki an jm rutm an odsnrboòd sn cm anhndaoai bili nj hmbtir antnrlodmdtn an jm rnsostndbom an udm biridm mj ansprndaolondti. 23-16 Mj priemr tmdti jm rntndboòd bili jm rnsostndbom an biridms bnlndtmams nd triqunjns lntíjobis, sn bidbjuyò qun jms prunems an rnsostndbom nrmd lís sndsoejns qun jms prunems an rntndboòd m jis bmleois nd nj ídkuji an bidvnrkndbom. 2? Vir ji tmdti, jms prunems an jmeirmtiroi sn cmd bndtrmai nd jms prunems an rnsostndbom lnaomdtn jm mpjobmboòd an hunrzms jmtnrmjns solujmams.

Hokurm 1. Xostm ibjusmj anj odbosovi bndtrmj supnroir, bmdodi y lijmr prnpmrmai pmrm pròtnsos an jmrki mjbmdbn. Jms supnrhobons hmbomj y jodkumj an jis aondtns tndìmd udm bidvnrkndbom bidsoanrmejn mdtns an jm prnpmrmboòd anj aondtn7 pir ji tmdti, jm bidvnrkndbom hmboijodkumj an jms prnpmrmboidns bilpjntmams hun lmyir qun jm bidvnrkndbom lnsoiaostmj.

bumdai sn utojozmd jupms an mulndti. Vir ji tmdti, jm vosoòd eodibujmr cm tndoai lís priemeojoamans qun jm vosoòd lidibujmr an brnmr udm

Aiakn y bij. 2? prieò jm rnsostndbom mj vunjbi an biridms mrtohobomjns bnlndtmams siern aondtns bid =6, =8 y 55 krmais QIB qun tndìmd 2,> ll an aolndsoòd ibjusibnrvobmj y =6 ll an aoílntri, solojmr m jis lijmrns prnpmrmais. Odhirlmrid qun 55 krmais an QIB priaubìmd udm rnsostndbom odmanbumam y qun di cmeìm udm aohnrndbom sokdohobmtovm ndtrn jm rnsostndbom an jms lunstrms an =6 y =8 krmais. Bidbjuynrid qun =8 krmais nrm nj ídkuji an bidvnrkndbom òptoli an jis 2 priemais pirqun =6 krmais an QIB di nrm híboj an brnmr bjìdobmlndtn. Rcojjodkeurk y bij. 1= Unbondtnlndtn sukoroò qun nj QIB anenrìm nstmr ndtrn =6 y 55 krmais. ^dm kuìm pmrm jm bidvnrkndbom ibjusmj titmj anen ndulnrmr vmjirns dulïrobis qun0 (=) sn punamd jikrmr nd ud jmeirmtiroi prnbjìdobi y aurmdtn jm rnaubboòd bjìdobm anj aondtn, y (5) pripirboidnd udm rnsostndbom manbumam mj anspjmzmlondti an jm rnstmurmboòd

bidvnrkndbom bjìdobm lìdolm. Lís rnbondtnlndtn, jm rnsostndbom m jms hunrzms jmtnrmjns y di 288

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JM UNXORQM AN IAIDQIJIKÌM VUIQÏROBM

boidns bumdai sn bileodm bid itrms pmutms an aosnýi an prnpmrmboòd an aondtns. Vir ji tmdti, sn pripidn qun nj QIB oanmjlndtn anenrìm isbojmr ndtrn =6 y 56 krmais.

50 Aolndsoòd ibjusibnrvobmj / odbosibnrvobmj Vmrgnr y bij. 15,12 bmjbujmrid "ídkujis brìtobis an bidvnrkndbom" lís mjjí an jis bumjns udm biridm tnòrobmlndtn di pisnnrìm udm rnsostndbom r nsostndbom manbumam mj anspjmzmlondti. Vir nj bidtrmroi, [osgitt nt mj  23,16 antnrlodò qun nxostn udm rnjmboòd jodnmj ndtrn jis ídkujis an bidvnrkndbom y jm rnsostndbom an udm biridm mj anspjmzmlondti7 anspjmzmlondti7 bunstoidmrid jm vmjoanz an ud ídkuji an bidvnrkndbom brìtobi lís mjjí anj bumj iburrn jm hmjjm. Unbondtnlndtn, Qronr nt mj 11 prieò nj bidbnpti an ud ídkuji an bidvnrkndbom jìlotn lnaomdtn lnaomdtn jm nvmjumboòd an jm hirlm an rnsostndbom an 11 luýidns bumdai jms rnstmurmboidns r nstmurmboidns cmeìmd hmjjmai bjìdobmlndtn bjìdobmlndtn pir mhji`mlondti mhji`mlondt i anj aondtn prnpmrmai. An jis 11 triqunjns, 15 bmrnbìmd an

Hokurm >. Aolndsoòd ibjusibnrvobmj ibjusibnrvobmj anj snkudai prnlijmr lmdaoeujmr y anj prolnr

hirlm an rnsostndbom, ji qun mpiymem udm rnjmboòd ndtrn nj ïxoti / hrmbmsi

lijmr lnaoais bid udm sidam pnroiaidtmj pmrm antnrlodmr so sn cm smtoshnbci jm

bjìdobi y nj bidbnpti an tiai i dmam an ud ídkuji an bidvnrkndbom

aolndsoòd lìdolm an 1 ll pmrm jis lijmrns. Qndkm nd bundtm qun jm pmrna prixolmj

jolotmdtn.

prnpmrmam tondn siji 5 ll an mjturm, mudqun jm supnrhobon hmbomj tondn udm aolndsoòd an QIB manbumam.

Jis bíjbujis an Vmrgnr nt mj  12 bid rnspnbti m jm bidvnrkndbom brìtobm, odaobò qun jm rnsostndbom mj anspjmzmlondti nrm manbumam bumdai udm prnpmrmboòd an ud lijmr an =6 ll an aoílntri pisnìm 2 ll an aolndsoòd ibjusibnr ibjusibnrvobmj vobmj (IB) y =;,1 krmais i lndis an QIB. Jms mjturms an prnpmrmboòd an = y 5 ll pmrm udm prnpmrmboòd andtmj an =6 ll an aoílntri rnquoronrid ídkujis QIB an >,3 y ==,8 krmais, rnspnbtovmlndtn. rnspnbtovmlndtn. Amais jis ídkujis an QIB tìpobis qun sn cmd lnaoai m pmrtor an prnpmrmboidns bjìdobms, nj QIB an =;,1 krmais pmrnbn snr ud ídkuji mjbmdzmejn7 pir ji tmdti, 2 ll snrìm udm aolndsoòd IB lìdolm mpripomam snkðd jis bíjbujis an Vmrgnr.

Jis aondtns qun di pisnnd nstms aolndsoidns lìdolms anend liaohobmrsn bid bmrmbtnrìstobms an rnsostndbom muxojomr bili rmdurms / bm`ms.

20 Unjmboòd ndtrn jm aolndsoòd ibjusibnrvobmj / odbosibnrvobmj y jm aolndsoòd hmboijodkumj Jis bilpidndtns cirozidtmjns an ud bobji lmstobmtiroi y jis cíeotis pmrmhudboidmjns ansmrrijjmd hunrzms siern jms biridms odaovoaumjns y jis HVA qun cmeotumjlndtn sid hmboijodkúns (HJ) nd aornbboòd. Nstm aolndsoòd anj aondtn prnpmrmai anen snr nj hibi prodbopmj an jis bíjbujis an

Lmxwnjj y bij. 1> priemrid jm rnsostndbom an biridms mrtohobomjns qun tndìmd =, 5, 2 y > ll nd jm aolndsoòd IB y tndìmd ud QIB lìdoli (8 krmais). Jjnkmrid

pripirboòd. Mj nvmjumr jm rnsostndbom an 5?1 biridms mrtohobomjns odaovoaumjns mj

m jm bidbjusoòd an qun 2 ll nrm jm aolndsoòd IB lìdolm rnqunroam pmrm

ansprndaolondti ansprndaolond ti an sus lmtrobns, sn antnrlodò qun nj ?8% an jms biridms an

pripirboidmr udm rnsostndbom manbumam pmrm jms biridms cnbcms pmrm

odbosovis, nj ?5% an jms biridms an bmdodis y nj 3=% an jms biridms an

mamptmrsn m aondtns anj tmlmýi an jis odbosovis supnroirns y prnlijmrns lmdaoeujmrns prnpmrmais bid ud QIB lìdoli.

prnlijmrns listrmrid udm rnsostndbom manbumam m pnsmr an jms vmromboidns nd nj aondtn prnpmrmai. hirlm y aolndsoidns. 1; ^d hmbtir brìtobi pmrm brnmr nstm rnsostndbom manbumam hunrid jms rnjmboidns rnjmboidns BI / HJ hmvirmejns an jis odbosovis,

[iijsny y Lmtobc 18 rnsostndbom rnkostrmam an jms biridms ansprndaoams

bmdodis y prnlijmrns aneoai m sus aolndsoidns mdmtòlobms tìpobms bumdai sn

an jis triqunjns. Rn ndbidtrò qun trns lojìlntris an aolndsoòd IB

prnpmrmrid (Hok. 8). Rod nlemrki, siji nj 18% an jis lijmrns pisnìmd udm

pripirboidmd udm rnsostndbom manbumam pnri siji m =6 krmais QIB. Rod

rnsostndbom manbumam. Jm aolndsoòd hmboijodkumj lís krmdan an jis lijmrns

nlemrki, 2 ll an aolndsoòd IB pripirboidmrid udm rnsostndbom

prnpmrmais nd bilpmrmboòd bid itris aondtns y jm aolndsoòd ibjusibnrvobmj lís

odmanbumam m 56 krmais QIB, ud ídkuji qun sn hirlm bid hrnbundbom nd

birtm an lubcis lijmrns prnpmrmais nd bilpmrmboòd bid jis aondtns mdtnroirns

lubcis lijmrns. Nstn nstuaoi mpiym jm hirlmboòd an udm aolndsoòd IB

y jis prnlijmrns priaubnd udm rnjmboòd lís em`m y udm lndir rnsostndbom mj

lmyir an 2 ll nd jis lijmrns.

anspjmzmlondti an udm biridm lijmr. Jm lmyir bidvnrkndbom ibjusmj titmj kndnrmjlndtn sn hirlm nd jis lijmrns. 25,22,2; tmleoïd mbndtðm nj priejnlm an

Vir ji tmdti, sn pripidn qun 2 ll ns jm aolndsoòd IB lìdolm pmrm

jms pripirboidns.

prnlijmrns y aondtns mdtnroirns qun sn prnpmrmd andtri anj rmdki rnbilndamai an QIB an =6 m 56 krmais. Aneoai m qun jis lijmrns kndnrmjlndtn sn prnpmrmd bid lmyir bidvnrkndbom qun jis aondtns mdtnroirns, tondnd ud aoílntri lmyir qun itris aondtns y nstíd ueobmais aidan jms hunrzms ibjusmjns sid lmyirns, sn pripidn 1 ll bili jm aolndsoòd IB lìdolm pmrm jis lijmrns prnpmrmais (Hok.>).

MEUOJ 566=

Bíjbujis tnòrobis 12 odaobmd qun sn punan jikrmr udm rnsostndbom manbumam bid udm rnjmboòd IB / HJ an 6,= bumdai nj QIB ns odhnroir m >,3 krmais. ^dm rnjmboòd an 6,5 rnquonrn qun nj QIB snm odhnroir m ==,8 krmais7 udm pripirboòd an 6,2 rnquonrn lndis an =;,1 krmais an QIB7 y ud 28;

 

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^DM

so

Hok. 8. M, Lmxojmr 8 aondtns mdtnroirns prnpmrmais pmrm biridms lntmjbnrílobms. Anspuïs an jm r naubboòd anj aondtn, jis aondtns tndìmd udm rnjmboòd hmvirmejn ndtrn jm aolndsoòd OB y jm aolndsoòd HJ aneoai m jms aolndsoidns dirlmjns an jis aondtns mdtns an jm rnaubboòd. rnaubboòd. RO,  RO, Vrnlijmrns y lijmrns lmxojmrns prnpmrmais pmrm biridms lntmjbnrílobms. Qndkm nd bundtm qun jis lijmrns nrmd ibjusibnrvobmjlndtn lís birtis qun jis prnlijmrns aneoai m jm aolndsoòd IB dmturmjlndtn lís birtm mdtns an jm rnaubboòd. ^dm aolndsoòd IB lís birtm an jis lijmrns `udti bid udm aolndsoòd HJ lís krmdan bid hrnbundbom brnm udm rnjmboòd an aolndsoòd IB / HJ anshmvirmejn.

bid aolndsoidns rnprnsndtmtovms an lubcis lijmrns prnpmrmais.

Vir ji tmdti, sn rnbilondam qun jm rnjmboòd IB / HJ snm an 6,1 i lís pmrm tiais jis aondtns.

10 Lirhijikìm borbudhnrndbomj Anspuïs an jm rnaubboòd mdmtòlobm, jm lmyirìm an jis aondtns tondnd hirlms knilïtrobms nspnbìhobms bumdai sn vnd ibjusmjlndtn. Vir n`nlpji, jis lijmrns lmdaoeujmrns prnpmrmais tondnd hirlm rnbtmdkujmr, jis lijmrns supnroirns sid rileioamjns y jis prnlijmrns y aondtns mdtnroirns bid hrnbundbom pisnnd udm hirlm ivmjmam. Nstms hirlms knilïtrobms cmd pripirboidmai trmaoboidmjlndtn rnsostndbom m jms hunrzms an ansmji`i nd biridms odaovoaumjns y HVA.

Cnkamcj y Rojdnss 1? bilpmrmrid jms írnms qun brnmrid hirlm an Hokurm ;. Qrns aondtns lmxojmrns y 2 lmdaoeujmrns prnpmrmais pmrm rnstmurmboidns an

rnsostndbom nd prnpmrmboidns an aondtns bòdobis y pormloamjns. Jms

bienrturm bilpjntm. Jms ‚nsquodms bidsnrvmams“ an jis aondtns sid pmrtobujmrlndtn

prnpmrmboidns an aondtns pormloamjns pripirboidmrid udm lmyir rnsostndbom

nvoandtns nd jms prnpmrmboidns an 2 aondtns supnroirns. Jms jìdnms an mbmemai anj cileri

pirqun pisnìmd "nsquodms" nd bilpmrmboòd bid jms prnpmrmboidns bòdobms.

sn utojozmrid pmrm jms biridms lmxojmrns an lntmj y bnrílobm y jms jìdnms an mbmemai nd eosnj pmrm jms biridms lmdaoeujmrns titmjlndtn lntíjobms.

Ns olpirtmdtn prnsnrvmr jms ‚nsquodms“ hmboiprixol hmboiprixolmj mj y jodkuiprixolmj jodkuiprixolmj an udm prnpmrmboòd andtmrom. Jis aondtns qun bmrnbnd an vmromboidns lirhijòkobms borbudhnrndbomjns dmturmjns anspuïs an jm prnpmrmboòd anj aondtn (aondtns rnaidais) anend liaohobmrsn bid jm brnmboòd an rmdurms i bm`ms nd jms supnrhobons mxomjns. Nstms bmrmbtnrìstobms punand pripirboidm pripirboidmrr rnsostndbom mj anspjmzmlondti londtrms sn ndkmdbcm hìsobmlndtn mj aondtn

Jm rnjmboòd an 6,1 pripirboidm udm rnsostndbom manbumam sonlprn qun nj ídkuji QIB snm an 52,8 krmais i lndis. 12

[nna y Emnz 13 prnsndtò ud aomkrmlm pmrm antnrlodmr nj bidi ( = ⁁   55 nj QIB) an udm prnpmrmboòd andtmj qun pripirboidm udm hirlm an rnsostndbom emsmam nd jm aolndsoòd an jm biridm ibjusibnrvobmj / odbosibnrvobmj (IB / OB) y su aoílntri. Vmrm prie priemr mr jm vmjoanz anj aomkrmlm, sn hmerobmrid >6 lmtrobns an lntmj bid > ídkujis an bidvnrkndbom aohnrndtns aohnrndtns y sn hudaonrid bihoms an iri pmrm bmam lmtroz. Rn prnsndtò udm rnsostndbom an biridm odmanbumam bid udm lmtroz an =6 ll an aoílntri y 2,> ll an aolndsoòd IB y qun pisnìm 55 krmais an QIB. Nsti odaobò qun udm pripirboòd an 6,2> nrm odmanbumam pmrm jis aondtns.

283

prnpmrmai (Hok. ;).

Gndt y bij. 2; antnrlodò qun jms rmdurms y bm`ms, bumdai sn bijibmemd nd supnrhobons mxomjns prnpmrmams, tndìmd sokdohobmtovmlndtn lndis QIB (;,2 krmais) qun jm bidvnrkndbom an jms pmrnans mxomjns (=1,2 krmais) y, pir ji tmdti, udm hirlm an r nsostndbom ln`irmam. Jis lijmrns sunjnd prnpmrmrsn bid lmyir bidvnrkndbom ibjusmj qun jis prnlijmrns y jis aondtns mdtnroirns. 22 y pisnnd udm aolndsoòd ibjusibnrvobmj lís birtm qun itris aondtns. Jis lijmrns tmleoïd tondnd udm rnjmboòd an aolndsoòd IB / HJ lndis hmvirmejn. Vir nstms rmzidns, piarìmd endnhobomrsn an jms prnpmrmboidns andtmjns muxojomrns. Vmrgnr nt

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Mjmemlm 1; odhirlò qun siji 3 an =6; luýidns lijmrns tndìmd rmdurms y, nd kndnrmj, nj >1% an jis lijans lijmrns tndìmd udm rnsostndbom odmanbumam. odmanbumam. Vir ji tmdti, bid hrnbundbom sn dnbnsotmd rmdurms mxomjns i bm`ms bid jis lijmrns pmrm mulndtmr su hirlm an rnsostndbom.

Manlís, jm odvnstokmboòd cm antnrlodmai qun jis lijmrns lmdaoeujmrns m vnbns sn prnpmrmd bid lmyir bidvnrkndbom qun jis lijmrns supnroirns. 22,2; y qun jis lijmrns lmdaoeujmrns sid jis aondtns prnpmrmais bid lmyirns ídkujis an bidvnrkndbom. 21-2; Nstis amtis sn cmd rnjmboidmai bid nj mulndti an jms hunrzms ibjusmjns y jm hjnxoòd lmdaoeujmr. Vir ji tmdti, sn rnbilondam qun jms rmdurms / bm`ms mxomjns sn utojobnd an hirlm rutodmrom bumdai sn prnpmrmd lijmrns lmdaoeujmrns pmrm HVA (Hok. 3). Jm rnsostndbom m jms hunrzms jmtnrmjns ns bilðdlndtn nj hmbtir antnrlodmdtn nd jm rnsostndbom an udm biridm mj ansprndaolondti.  23-16

Hokurm 3. Lijan an prnpmrmboòd anj aondtn rntndnair lijmr lmdaoeujmr qun odbirpirm bm`m lnsomj pmrm mulndtmr jm hirlm an rnsostndbom.

Cirozidtmj bilpidndtns an Jis bobjis lmstobmtirois y jis cíeotis pmrmhudboidmjns aoroknd jms hunrzms siern jms biridms udotmroms y jis HVA qun sid an bmríbtnr hmboijodkún. Vir ji tmdti, sn anen bidsoanrmr jm ueobmboòd lís mpripomam pmrm jms bmrmbtnrìstobms an rntndboòd muxojomrns. [iijsny y Lmtobc 18 antnrlodmrid qun jis surbis prixolmjns pripirboidmemd udm rnsostndbom bilpjntm m jms hunrzms hmboijodkumjns, londtrms qun jis surbis hmboijodkumjns pripirboidmemd siji udm rnsostndbom pmrbomj mj anspjmzmlondti hmboijodkumj. Lmbg 2> aovujkò qun jms supnrhobons lnsoiaostmjns sn prnpmrmd bid lndis QIB qun jms supnrhobons hmboijodkúns7 pir tmdti, ns lís priemejn qun jms j ms rmdurms muxojomrns nd jms supnrhobons prixolmjns nstïd mjodnmams bid jis ídkujis an bidvnrkndbom lís oanmjns an jms supnrhobons prixolmjns. Vir ji tmdti, jms rmdurms / bm`ms muxojomrns aosnýmams pmrm mulndtmr jm rnsostndbom anend ueobmrsn nd jms supnrhobons prixolmjns an jis pojmrns HVA. Hokurm ?. Jìdnm an mbmemai nd bcmhjíd hirlmam bid odstrulndti an aomlmdtn bòdobi an pudtm

>0 ^eobmboòd an jm jìdnm an lntm

rnaidam. Jms jìdnms an mbmemai nd bcmhjíd kndnrmjlndtn sn snjnbboidmd pmrm biridms titmjlndtn lntíjobms lntíjobms pirqun sid vosumjlndtn aostodtms y híbojns an hirlmr. Vmrm brnmr udm jìdnm

Lubcis nstuaois cmd mpiymai nj usi an jìdnms an lntm suprmkodkovmj sonlprn qun snm pisoejn pmrm msnkurmr jm smjua pnroiaidtmj. >6->3 Rod

an mbmemai nd bcmhjíd, prolnri sn nstmejnboò jm prihudaoama (nquovmjndtn m jm lotma anj aoílntri an jm pudtm anj odstrulndti) y nsm aolndsoòd sn lmdtuvi m lnaoam qun nj odstrulndti sn livìm mjrnanair an jms supnrhobons mxomjns. Rn ansnmem udm prihudaoama an bcmhjíd an 6,2

nlemrki, bid hrnbundbom sn rnquonrnd jìdnms an lntm suekodkovmjns pir jms sokuondtns rmzidns0 pmrm jikrmr udm aolndsoòd IB manbumam pmrm jm hirlm

ll, pir ji qun sn utojozò ud odstrulndti an aomlmdtn bid ud aoílntri an pudtm an 6,8 ll.

an rntndboòd y rnsostndbom7 pmrm nxtndanrsn lís mjjí an jm bmrons andtmj, hrmbturms i nrisoòd / mermsoòd i pmrm memrbmr udm vmronama an anhnbtis an jm nstrubturm andtmj7 pmrm priaubor udm hïrujm an biridm bnrvobmj nd aondtns trmtmais ndaiaòdtobmlndtn7 ndaiaòdtobmlndtn7 y pmrm ln`irmr jm nstïtobm an aondtns ansbijiroais y bonrtms rnstmurmboidn rnstmurmboidns. s. Nstuaois >?-8= cmd odaobmai qun jm smjua pnroiaidtmj sn punan rntndnr nd jis lírkndns odtrmbrnvobujmrns, odtrmbrnvobujmrns, pnri rnquonrn rnstmurmboidns bidtirdnmams manbumamlndtn bid lírkndns smtoshmbtirois y ud trmtmlondti buoamaisi an jis tn`oais auris y ejmdais msibomais bid jm prnpmrmboòd anj aondtn (Hok. 2, ^DM).

jms kodnerms nstmemd mj lndis 6,1 ll ibjusmjns m jm emsn an jm cndaoaurm kodkovmj. Dnwbile >; odhirlò qun bumdai jis lírkndns suekodkovmjns sn mbnrbmemd m jm emsn an jm cndaoaurm kodkovmj, sn priaubìm udm kodkovotos lís krmvn. Kmrkuoji nt mj 82

pripusi qun jm aolndsoòd an jm udoòd npotnjomj bileodmam bid jm aolndsoòd an jm udoòd anj tn`oai bidnbtovi ibjusmj / odbosmj mj cunsi anen snr an mprixolmamlndtn 5 ll. Bicnd y Uiss 81 aosbutoò nstm rnjmboòd y sukoroò nj tïrlodi mdbci eoijòkobi.

Bumdai sn rnquonrn udm jìdnm an lntm suekodkovmj, sn cm suknroai qun sn nvotn jm nxtndsoòd m jm odsnrboòd npotnjomj. [mnrcmuk,  85 emsmai nd mdíjosos an mutipsoms an mdolmjns (pnrris) y culmdis, odaobò qun jis lírkndns an jm biridm di bmusmrid prihudaozmboòd an jm eijsm so jis

Dnvods snsndtm y bodbi odaobò qun jm bijibmboòd an udm rnstmurmboòd nd nstm zidm piarìm bilprilntnr jm smjua pnroiaidtmj. Bmrdnvmjn nt mj  88 jis lírkndns an jm

lírkndns

an cunsi brnstmj.

MEUOJ 566=

biridm nxtndaoais cmstm jm brnstm òsnm nd pnrris y ditmrid pïraoam an =,6 ll

28?

 

KIIAMBUN, BMLVMKDO _ M]^OJODI

JM UNXORQM AN IAIDQIJIKÌM VUIQÏROBM

Qmrdiw y bij. 8; bijibò jìdnms an mbmemai suekodkovmjns y biridms privosoidmjns nd =2 aondtns nd 5 pmbondtns. Jis lírkndns sn ueobmrid m lnaoi bmlodi ndtrn jm brnstm kodkovmj hmbomj y jm brnstm òsnm. Rn iesnrvò rnbnsoòd kodkovmj bjìdobm (prilnaoi an 6,? ll bid rmdki an 6,1-=,5 ll) nd 5 snlmdms, y udm rnbnsoòd prilnaoi an

An nstms pmutms emsmams nd jm nxpnrondbom, sn loaoò jm aolndsoòd hmboijodkún an

Rn rnkostrò =,5 ll nd 3 snlmdms. Nj mdíjosos costijòkobi odaobò qun jis lnbmdoslis an rnbnsoòd sn mbtovmrid andtri an jis

ll an prihudaoama (Hok. ;), jm aolndsoòd lnaom anj pmtròd hmboijodkumj sn

prolnris ; aìms, qun sn priau`i jm rnhirlmboòd anj npotnjoi odtrmbrnvobujmr y an udoòd, qun nj npotnjoi an udoòd rnhirlmai sn jibmjozò mpobmj mj eosnj an jm jìdnm an lntm y qun cuei rnmesirboòd òsnm brnstmj. . Gios 83 pripusi udm vmromboòd an mdbci eoijòkobi qun andilodò aolndsoòd anj bilpjn`i andtikodkovmj pirqun odbjuìm jm odsnrboòd npotnjomj, jm odsnrboòd o dsnrboòd anj tn`oai bidnbtovi y jm prihudaoama anj surbi kodkovmj.

pjulm priau`nrid pmtridns qun nrmd ud prilnaoi an 6,8 ll lís krmdans qun nj aondtn di prnpmrmai. Vir ji tmdti, sn rnbilondam qun jms jìdnms an mbmemai

8; pmtridns an bnrm cnbcis nd lmtrobns bid udm jìdnm an mbmemai an eiran an pjulm i udm jìdnm an mbmemai an bcmhjíd an 6,2 ll an prihudaoama. Jis pmtridns hunrid hirlmais pir >; nstuaomdtns y =6 tïbdobis an jmeirmtiroi andtmj. Jms aolndsoidns an jis pmtridns an bnrm sn bilpmrmrid bid jms aolndsoidns an jis aondtns di prnpmrmais. Bumdai sn utojozò jm jìdnm an mbmemai nd eosnj an 6,2 mprixolò lubci mj aondtn di prnpmrmai. Jms jìdnms an mbmemai anj eiran an jm

nd eosnj pmrm biridms titmjlndtn lntíjobms pisnmd udm prihudaoama lìdolm an mprixolmamlndtn 6,2 ll.

Unstmurmboidns an lntmj-bnrílobm. Jis sokuondtns topis an jìdnms an

mbmemai sn cmd utojozmai costòrobmlndtn bid biridms an lntmj-bnrílobm0 bcmhjíd, bcmhjíd eosnjmai, cileri (Hok. =6) y cileri eosnjmai. Ais mrtìbujis Jms vmromboidns IB nd jms jìdnms an lntm iburrnd nd jm lmyirìm an jis aondtns

an odvnstokmboòd odobomjns ;=,;5 odaobò qun bumdai jm pirbnjmdm sn husoidm

prnpmrmais aneoai m bmleois dirlmjns nd jm pisoboòd an udm brnstm kodkovmj mjrnanair

siern nstrubturms lntíjobms, priaubn udm aostirsoòd lmrkodmj anj lntmj

an jm borbudhnrndbom an jis aondtns. Bid jms biridms an bnrílobm sod lntmj priemams nd

sokdohobmtovmlndtn lmyir bumdai sn utojozm udm jìdnm an mbmemai nd eosnj.

nj jmeirmtiroi, jms vmromboidns an IB nd jm ueobmboòd an jm jìdnm an lntm cmd rnauboai

Mudqun jms aohnrndboms an aostirsoòd hunrid nstmaìstobmlndtn sokdohobmtovms,

jm rnsostndbom an jm rnstmurmboò rnstmurmboòd. d. 8? Bumdai jm pisoboòd kodkovmj ji pnrlotn, jm ueobmboòd

jm rnjnvmdbom bjìdobm piarìm bunstoidmrsn pirqun jms lmkdotuans an

an jms jìdnms an mbmemai bnrbm an jms ueobmboidns IB oaïdtobms nd tiams jms

aostirsoòd hunrid tiams lndirns an >6 ¾ lntri. Manlís, jis nstuaois

supnrhobons mxomjns mulndtm jm rnsostndbom an jm biridm an bnrílobm sod lntmj. Cmbnr

pistnroirns di listrmrid sokdohobmboòd nstmaìstobm. Cmlmkubco Cmlmkubco y bij. ;2 di

jms jìdnms an lntm prixolmjns ji lís dovnjmams pisoejn hmboijodkumjlndtn hmboijodkumjlndtn tmleoïd

rnkostrmrid aohnrndboms sokdohobmtovms nd jm aostirsoòd lmrkodmj anj lntmj

rnaubn nj nstrïs. ;6

rnsujtmdtn an jm husoòd an jm pirbnjmdm bumdai bilpmrmrid jms jìdnms an mbmemai an cileri, cileri-eosnj, bcmhjíd y bcmhjíd-eosnj. Msolosli,

Rod nlemrki, nstms rnbilndamboidns anend snr rnnlpjmzmams pir jm

Uobctnr-Rdmpp nt mj ;1 ansbueroò qun jms jìdnms an mbmemai di mhnbtmrid

odtndboòd an lodolozmr jms nxtndsoidns suekodkovmjns an jms

sokdohobmtovmlndtn nj m`ustn an jms biridms an lntmj-bnrílobm anspuïs an jm

rnstmurmboidns andtmjns.

husoòd an pirbnjmdm. Ryu y bij.  ;> di odhirlmrid aohnrndboms sokdohobmtovms ndtrn nj m`ustn mxomj y lmrkodmj an jms prnpmrmboidns andtmjns bid jms jìdnms

Jms jìdnms an mbmemai anend ueobmrsn suprmkodkovmjlndtn bumdai jm hirlm an rntndboòd y rnsostndbom, nj nstmai an jis aondtns y jm nstïtobm ji

an mbmemai anj cileri, nj eosnj anj cileri y nj eosnj. Enjsnr y bij.  ;8 bilpmrò

pnrlotmd. Bumdai sn rnquonrnd jìdnms an lntm suekodkovmjns, di anend

nj m`ustn lmrkodmj an jms biridms bid ud cileri-eosnj an lntmj, ud cileri

nxtndanrsn m jms odsnrboidns npotnjomjns.

an lntmj y ud cileri an pirbnjmdm mdtns y anspuïs an jm bnlndtmboòd. Di sn ndbidtrmrid aohnrndboms aohnrndboms sokdohobmtovms ndtrn jms jìdnms an lntm do mdtns do anspuïs an jm bnlndtmboòd. Eyrdn ;; bijmeirò bid jis amtis rnjmtovis mj

80 Hirlm y prihudaoama an jm jìdnm an lntm

nhnbti an jm bnlndtmboòd y antnrlodò qun jm hirlm an jm jìdnm an lntm di

Unstmurmboidns titmjlndtn lntíjobms. Jms jìdnms an mbmemai an bcmhjíd sn cmd utojozmai bid hrnbundbom pmrm biridms titmjlndtn lntíjobms. Dodkðd nstuaoi

mhnbtmem nj m`ustn an jms biridms bnlndtmams. Riern jm emsn an jis nstuaois bilndtmais mdtnroirlndtn, sn punan bidbjuor qun jm snjnbboòd an

bondtìhobi cm mhorlmai qun jis bcmhjmdns snmd supnroirns m itrms jìdnms an lntm.

jms jìdnms an mbmemai utojozmams bid biridms an lntmj-bnrílobm di anen

Rod nlemrki, sn utojozmd bid biridms titmjlndtn lntíjobms pirqun sid híbojns an

emsmrsn nd nj m`ustn lmrkodmj sodi nd jms prnhnrndboms pnrsidmjns, jm

hirlmr bid ud odstrulndti an aomlmdtn mcusmai an pudtm rnaidam y pirqun sid

nstïtobm, jm hmbojoama an hirlmboòd y nj topi an lntmj. -Biridm an bnrílobm

aostodtms y sid híbojlndtn vosoejns nd nj aondtn prnpmrmai, jm olprnsoòd y nj luýòd

(bijjmr lmrkodmj an lntmj vs aosnýi sod bijjmr) nd hmerobmboòd.

(Hok. ?). Jis bcmhjmdns tmleoïd pisnnd ud vijulnd manbumai pmrm jm rokoanz rnstmurmairm y su prihudaoama ns suhobondtn pmrm pnrlotor nj ansmrrijji an bidtirdis mxomjns dirlmjns. Vir ji tmdti, jms jìdnms an mbmemai nd bcmhjíd sid manbumams pmrm biridms titmjlndtn lntíjobms.

Jms prihudaoamans rnbilndamams an jm jìdnm an mbmemai an bnrílobm siern

Jm prihudaoama anj bcmhjíd rnbilndamam nstí antnrlodmam pir nj nspnsir lìdoli anj lntmj pmrm jm rnsostndbom y nj nspmboi lìdoli rnqunroai pmrm

lntmj sn emsmd nd nj krisir lìdoli anj lmtnromj rnqunroai pmrm jm rnsostndbom y jm nstïtobm, msì bili nd nj nspmboi lìdoli rnqunroai pmrm ansmrrijjmr ud pnrhoj an

ansmrrijjmr ud pnrhoj an nlnrkndbom hosoijòkobi. Jis mutirns cmd rnbilndamai prihudaoamans an rnaubboòd an jm jìdnm an mbmemai anj bcmhjíd an 6,2 m 6,> ll. Nstms rnbilndamboidns sn emsmrid nd jm nxpnrondbom nd jm hmerobmboòd an jmeirmtiroi an biridms titmjlndtn lntíjobms. Vmrm priemr jm vmjoanz

2;6

 51,58

nlnrkndbom hosoijòkobi. Mutirns 52-58, 1=,;3 m lnduai tondnd nspnsirns rnbilndamais ndtrn =.6 y =.> ll pmrm nj írnm lmrkodmj rnbueonrtm an pirbnjmdm an udm biridm an bnrílobm siern lntmj. Rnlndtmj lðjtopjn

XIJ^LND 3> DÐLNUI 1

 

KIIAMBUN, BMLVMKDO _ M]^OJODI

JM UNXORQM AN IAIDQIJIKÌM VUIQÏROBM

ons ;?-3= cmd odaobmai qun sn rnquonrn mj lndis =,6 ll an pirbnjmdm trmdsjðboam (sod odbjuor lntmj y ipmbi) pmrm rnpriaubor nj bijir an udm kuìm an bijirns. Nstm odvnstokmboòd odaobm qun jms j ms rnaubboidns andtmjns supnroirns m Rn dnbnsotmd =,6 ll. ^d nstuaoi  3= antnrlodò qun sn dnbnsotm ud krisir an ndtrn =,1 ll y lís an 5,6 ll an pirbnjmdm trmdsjðboam pmrm qun jms biridms an bnrílobm siern lntmj biodboamd bid jm kuìm an bijirns. Nxostnd vmromboidns ndtrn jms prihudaoamans an rnaubboòd an aondtns rnbilndamams y jms rnmjlndtn brnmams. ^d nstuaoi 35 an jm prihudaoama rnmj an jm jìdnm an lntm prnpmrmam nd 51 aondtns culmdis nxtrmìais pir 2 andtostms ansbueroò udm prihudaoama lnaom anj cileri an 6,;> ll (½ 6,=; ll). Manlís, = odvnstokmair loaoò 21 lmtrobns bidsnbutovms ndvomams pir jis nstuaomdtns mj jmeirmtiroi andtmj odtnrdi pmrm jm hmerobmboòd an biridms an lntmj-bnrílobm.. Jm prihudaoama lnaom an jm jìdnm an lntm rnkostrmam hun an 6,? lntmj-bnrílobm

Hokurm =6. Bmdodi lmxojmr prnpmrmai pmrm HVA lntmjbnrílobi. Jìdnm an lntm anj

ll bid ud rmdki an 6,> m =,3 ll. Nstis amtis odaobmrid qun jms prihudaoamans

cileri bid prihudaoama an 6,? ll. Rn mkrnkò ud surbi prixolmj lnsomj m jm

an jm jìdnm an lntm supnroirns m

prnpmrmboòd anj aondtn pmrm ln`irmr jm hirlm an rnsostndbom aneoai m jm pmrna jodkumj rnjmtovmlndtn rnjmtovmlnd tn birtm.

=,6 ll di sn prnpmrmrid an hirlm rutodmrom (Hok. =6). Mudqun jms prihudaoamans an jm jìdnm an mbmemai an bnrílobm

Rn rnbilondamd =,6 ll i lís, di sn cm antnrlodmai jm prihudaoama bjìdobm òptolm qun sn punan mjbmdzmr an hirlm rutodmrom. Biridms an bnrílobm sod lntmj. Rn cmd odvnstokmai jms rnsostndboms an jms

biridms an bnrílobm sod lntmj nd rnjmboòd bid jm jìdnm an lntm. Hronajmdanr y bij. 32 y Aiyjn nt mj  31 loaoò jm rnsostndbom an jms biridms an bnrílobm sod lntmj hmerobmams pmrm prnlijmrns supnroirns prnpmrmais bid jìdnms an mbmemai nd eosnj, cileris bid ídkujis an jìdnm mxoikodkovmj mkuais y cileris bid ídkujis an jìdnm mxoikodkovmj rnaidanmais. Jis amtis an jmeirmtiroi bid biridms bnlndtmams siern triqunjns lntíjobis listrmrid qun jms biridms bid jìdnms an mbmemai nd eosnj nrmd sokdohobmtovmlndtn lís aïeojns, ji qun rnspmjam ud cmjjmzki an jmeirmtiroi solojmr an R`ikrnd y Enrklmd.  3> Rod nlemrki, bumdai jms biridms an bnrílobm sod lntmj sn krmemrid odtnrdmlndtn y sn bnlndtmrid nd aondtns dmturmjns bid ud bnlndti rnsodisi, di cuei udm rnaubboòd sokdohobmtovm an jm rnsostndbom nd ud nstuaoi an jmeirmtiroi.  38

Hokurm ==. Odbosovi bndtrmj supnroir prnpmrmai pmrm biridm an bnrílobm sod lntmj bid usi an jìdnm an mbmemai anj cileri bid ídkuji an jìdnm mxoikodkovmj mkuai. Jm prihudaoama an jm jìdnm an lntm hun an 6,3 ll.

i nd udm nvmjumboòd bjìdobm rntrispnbtovm jidkotuaodmj jidkotuaodmj 3;

an biridms an bnrílobm sod lntmj. Vir ji tmdti, sn rnbilondamd jms jìdnms an mbmemai anj cileri (Hok. ==) pmrm jms biridms an bnrílobm sod lntmj qun di nstíd krmemams do macnroams m jis aondtns. Rn punand snjnbboidmr jìdnms an mbmemai nd cileri i nd

= ll bid nj usi an ud lmtnromj bnrílobi sod lntmj snlotrmdsjðboai. snlotrmdsjðboai.

eosnj pmrm biridms an bnrílobm sod lntmj macnroams m aondtns prnpmrmais.

Jms prihudaoamans rnbilndamams an jm jìdnm an mbmemai pmrm jms biridms an bnrílobm sod lntmj vmrìmd an 6,> m =,6 ll 52-58,1=,;3

;0 Vrihudaoamans an rnaubboòd mxomj n odbosmj / ibjusmj Jm prihudaoama an rnaubboòd rnqunroam vmrìm bid jis aohnrndtns topis an

(Hokurm ==). Cm soai antnrlodmai 3= qun pmrm qun nj nspnsir an jm bnrílobm biodboam bid jms jndkúntms an bijir, cmy udm ln`irm jolotmam bumdai sn mulndtm nj nspnsir an jis sostnlms an bnrílobm sod lntmj snlotrmdsjðboais (Nlprnss, Ovibjmr / [ojjomls, Mlcnrst, D_ n OdBnrml Rpodmj, Xoandt, Ernm, Bmjoh.) lís mjjí an = ll. Rod nlemrki, bid ud sostnlm lís nspmboisi bili jm mjðlodm OdBnrml, ud mulndti anj nspnsir an jm bnrílobm qun nxbnaìm = ll njnvò nj pitndbomj an

biridms y jms aovnrsms supnrhobons an ud aondtn. Jm rnaubboòd tmleoïd sn vn

okumjmboòd an tidis. 3= Di cm soai vndtm`isi mulndtmr jm prihudaoama an jm jìdnm an mbmemai an jm biridm an bnrílobm sod lntmj lís mjjí

qun ud aondtn an hirlm bumarmam, qun tondn lndis bidvnrkndbom ndtrn nj eiran odbosmj y jm ndbìm. Odtnraokotmboòd ibjusmj prihudam an aondtns

mhnbtmam pir jm pisoboòd y mjodnmboòd an jis aondtns nd nj mrbi, jms rnjmboidns ibjusmjns, jm nstïtobm, jms bidsoanrmboidn bidsoanrmboidnss pnroiaidtmjns y jm lirhijikìm anj aondtn. Vir n`nlpji, ud odbosovi bndtrmj supnroir bid udm bidvnrkndbom bnrvobmj bidsoanrmejn bidsoanrmejn m jm biridm bjìdobm (vosti an hirlm hmbomj) rnquonrn udm lmyir rnaubboòd prixolmj kndnrmj aurmdtn jm jm prnpmrmboòd anj aondtn an prihudaoamans nspnbìhobms an jm jìdnm j ìdnm an lntm

pistnroirns i

MEUOJ 566=

2;=

 

KIIAMBUN, BMLVMKDO _ M]^OJODI

JM UNXORQM AN IAIDQIJIKÌM VUIQÏROBM

dirlmjns an jm biridm bnrvobmj, pnri jms rnstmurmboidns siernbidtird siernbidtirdnmams nmams

Nstis nspnsirns an nstrubturm andtmrom odaobmrid qun bonrtis aondtns piarìmd sipirtmr an = m =,> ll an rnaubboòd, londtrms qun itris siji tndarìmd andtodm hodm. Rod nlemrki, jms lnaoboidns mdtnroirns di bidsoanrmrid vmromboidns nd jm bidvnrkndbom ibjusmj titmj, qun rnsujtmd nd udm lmyir rnaubboòd an jis mspnbtis odbosmj / ibjusmj an jm supnrhobon mxomj. Nstn hmbtir piarìm mhnbtmr sokdohobmtovmlndtn sokdohobmtovmlndtn jm prixoloama an jm supnrhobon prnpmrmam m jm pujpm. Aiyjn y bij. 8? loaonrid jm prixoloama pujpmr bumdai sn prnpmrmrid

prilunvnd jm mbulujmboòd an pjmbm. Jms rnstmurmboidns siernbidtirdnma siernbidtirdnmams ms punand rnsujtmr nd priejnlms pnroiaidtmjns, pir ji qun jm prihudaoama an

prnlijmrns maijnsbndtns bid 5 prihudaoamans an jìdnm an lntm (6,3 y =,5 ll) y 1 ídkujis an bidvnrkndbom ibjusmj titmj (>, =6, => y 56 krmais

rnaubboòd oanmjlndtn anenrìm pnrlotor nj ansmrrijji solujtídni an bidtirdis

QIB). ^d ídkuji an bidvnrkndbom an 56 krmais (bilðdlndtn priauboai

dirlmjns, nstïtobm mpripomam y rnsostndbom manbumam.

bjìdobmlndtn) `udti bid udm jìdnm an mbmemai an =,5 ll an prihudaoama

Jm supnrpisoboòd vnrtobmj mprnbomejn an jis aondtns mdtnroirns m lnduai rnquonrn udm lmyir rnaubboòd kndnrmj an jms supnrhobons an ibjusoòd. Jis aondtns lmj mjodnmais bilðdlndtn cmd rnqunroai udm lmyir rnaubboòd an jms supnrhobons qun siernsmjnd pmrm pnrlotor jm mjodnmboòd an jm rnstmurmboòd y / i udm hirlm an rntndboòd y rnsostndbom smtoshmbtirom.

Jm smjua pnroiaidtmj sn ln`irm lnaomdtn nj ansmrrijji an jis bidtirdis

an`mem siji 6,2 ll an andtodm nd bonrtms supnrhobons an jis aondtns. Nd Unstmurmboidns titmjlndtn lntíjobms. Ròji nxostn nxpnrondbom bjìdobm y

pmbondtns `òvndns, jms prihudaoamans an rnaubboòd mxomj supnroirns m =

an jmeirmtiroi mdnbaòtobm pmrm rnspmjamr jms rnaubboidns pripunstms an jms

ll punand bilprilntnr jm nstrubturm anj aondtn qun pnrlmdnbn nxtnrdm

supnrhobons mxomjns ibjusmj y hmbomj / jodkumj. Rn brnn qun udm rnaubboòd an

m jm pujpm.

6,> m 6,3 ll bnrbm an jm supnrhobon ibjusmj an jms supnrhobons hmbomj / jodkumj pripirboidm suhobondtn nspmboi pmrm jm hmerobmboòd an biridms titmjlndtn titmjlndtn lntíjobms bid bidtirdis dirlmjns y suhobondtn rokoanz pmrm rnsostor jm

Rn cmd rnbilndamai rnaubboidns odbosmjns / ibjusmjns an 5,6 m 5,>

hjnxoòd an jms hunrzms ibjusmjns. Jm nxpnrondbom tmleoïd odaobm qun jms

ll. 52-58,1= pmrm rnstmurmboidns an bnrílobm siern lntmj mj rnstmurmr nstms

prihudaoamans an rnaubboòd ibjusmj an lndis an = ll m lnduai

supnrhobons bid bnrílobm. Nstn krisir ns dnbnsmroi pmrm ansmrrijjmr jm

bilprilntnd jm mjturm anj rneiran ibjusmj, jm prihudaoama an jm hism y jm

hirlm mdmtòlobm, nj bijir y jm ibjusoòd. Amtis  58,33 nd jis krisirns an jis

prihudaoama y aornbboòd an jms rmdurms nd jm rnstmurmboòd. Jms

aondtns odbosmjns / ibjusmjns odaobmrid qun sn aospidìm an lís an 1 ll

rnstmurmboidns lmj prnpmrmams bid hrnbundbom pisnnd udm lirhijikìm

an nstrubturm andtmj odbjusi nd odbosovis bndtrmjns `òvndns. Jis aondtns

ibjusmj rnjmtovmlndtn pjmdm, pmrtobujmrlndtn anspuïs an ud m`ustn ibjusmj

lmauris (nama 16-86) tndìmd ud rmdki bileodmai an nspnsir an andtodm

bjìdobi. Mudqun di sn cm oandtohobm oandtohobmai ai jm prihudaoama òptolm, jm nxpnrondbom

y nslmjtn an 8.5 m 8.2 ll. Nj- Cmamry nt mj  3? loaonrid nj nspnsir

sukonrn qun jms supnrhobons mxomjns anenrìmd rnauborsn mj lndis 6.

bileodmai anj nslmjtn y jm andtodm ndtrn jis bunrdis pujpmrns y jms pudtms an jms bðspoans y rnkostrmrid an >.6 m >.> ll pmrm jis prnlijmrns. Bumdai Rtmlemukc y [ottribg ?6 rnkostrmrid jms loslms lnaoams nd tiais jis aondtns pistnroirns, odhirlmrid ndtrn > y ; ll anpndaondai an quï

Unstmurmboidns an lntmj-bnrílobm. Vmrm rnstmurmboidns an bnrílobm siern lntmj, joeris an tnxti  52-58,1=,;3 cmd rnbilndamai udm rnaubboòd an jm supnrhobon hmbomj ndtrn =,6 y =,; ll. ^d nstuaoi an aondtns nxtrmìais  33 odaobò qun nj nspnsir an jm nstrubturm andtmj aospidoejn pmrm jm rnaubboòd vmromem andtri an bmam aondtn y ndtrn jis aohnrndtns aondtns. Nj krisir an jm nstrubturm anj aondtn odbosovi bndtrmj supnroir ndtrn jm pujpm y nj aondtn nxtnrdi vmroò ndtrn =,; y 2,= ll. 33

Amtis an itri nstuaoi 58 odaobò qun nj nspnsir aospidoejn vmrìm bid jm nama.

aondtns pistnroirns lmxojmrns i lmdaoeujmrns sn loaonrid. Riern jm emsn an jis nstuaois aospidoejns siern nj krisir an jm nstrubturm andtmrom odbosmj / ibjusmj, sn punan bidbjuor qun sn punand jikrmr 5,6 ll an rnaubboòd odbosmj / ibjusmj, odbjusi nd jis aondtns an pmbondtns `òvndns.

Biridms an bnrílobm sod lntmj. Lmjmlndt y Ribrmdsgy ?=

Jis odbosovis bndtrmjns `òvndns (an =6 m =? mýis an nama) tndìmd ud krisir

odvnstokmrid nj nhnbti anj nspnsir an jm bnrílobm siern jm rnsostndbom an jms

bileodmai an nslmjtn hmbomj y andtodmj an =,3 ll, londtrms qun jis

biridms an bnrílobm sod lntmj, pnri di puaonrid birrnjmboidmr nj hrmbmsi an

odbosovis bndtrmjns an pnrsidms an 16 m 86 mýis tndìmd ud krisir titmj an

jms rnstmurmboidns bid nj nspnsir bumdai jms biridms sn udonrid m jis

5,6 m

aondtns prnpmrmais bid bnlndti rnsodisi. Di ndbidtrmrid aohnrndboms

5,3 ll. Nj-Cmamry y bij. 3? loaoò nj nspnsir an jm nstrubturm anj aondtn ndtrn jm pujpm y jm supnrhobon nxtnrdm nd jm jìdnm bnrvobmj an jis prnlijmrns. Jms lnaoams lnaoms vmromrid an 5,5 m 5,> ll pmrm jis aondtns an pmbondtns ndtrn 5> y >6 mýis. Rtmlemukc y [ottribg ?6 rnmjozò lnaoboidns oaïdtobms an jm jìdnm bnrvobmj nd 5>5 odbosovis, bmdodis, prnlijmrns y lijmrns nxtrmìais an pmbondtns an ndtrn 53 y 2; mýis. Jm lndir bmdtoama an nstrubturm andtmj bnrvobmj lnaom hun

sokdohobmtovms nd jm priemeojoama an supnrvovndbom anspuïs an ==,; mýis

5,63 ll pmrm odbosovis bndtrmjns lmdaoeujmrns. Nj prolnr lijmr lmdaoeujmr prnsndtò nj lmyir krisir an jm nstrubturm andtmj nd jm jìdnm bnrvobmj (5,?; ll an lnaom).

2;5

(2126 mýis an snkuolondti mbulujmais) ndtrn jms biridms bnlndtmams qun tndìmd lndis an = ll an nspnsir y jms qun tndìmd lís an = ll an nspnsir. Nj krisir lnaoi mxomj an jms biridms nd nstn nstuaoi prilnaoò mprixolmamlndtn =,> ll. ?= Vir ji tmdti, so jm biridm sn maconrn bid bnlndti rnsodisi, jm rnaubboòd anen emsmrsn nd nj nspnsir an bnrílobm rnqunroai pmrm jikrmr nj bijir y nj bidtirdi ansnmais.

Cm soai antnrlodmai pir Aiukjms y Vrzyeyjsgm 3= qun sn priaubn udm ln`irm lìdolm nd jm biodboandbom an bijirns bumdai nj krisir an jm biridm an bnrílobm

XIJ^LND 3> DÐLNUI 1

 

KIIAMBUN, BMLVMKDO _ M]^OJODI

mulndtmai lís mjjí an = ll bid ud sostnlm an bnrílobm sod lntmj snlotrmdsjðboai (Nlprnss n OdBnrml Rpodnjj) y ud tidi an mjti vmjir y em`i brilm bili M=. Rod nlemrki, sn rnquonrnd nspnsirns supnroirns m = ll

JM UNXORQM AN IAIDQIJIKÌM VUIQÏROBM

tmran, oidòlnri an voaroi y rnsodm7 nd itris 2 nstuaois, jm rukisoama mulndtò jm rntndboòd. ?8,=6=,=65 Nd kndnrmj, sn cm ndbidtrmai qun jm rukisoama an jm supnrhobon ln`irm jm

bid nj usi an sostnlms an bnrílobm sod lntmj lís ipmbis i bid lndir

rntndboòd an jm biridm bid mkndtns bnlndtmdtns an hishmti an zodb. Rod

vmjir, tidmjoamans lís brilítobms bili B5 y M2.  3= Manlís, nj bijir

nlemrki, jm rnjmboòd ndtrn jm rukisoama an jm supnrhobon y jm rntndboòd an jm

odcnrndtn an jis aondtns prnpmrmais punan odhjuor nd nj bijir an jms biridms

biridm di sn cm antnrlodmai anhodotovmlndtn bumdai sn utojozmd bnlndtis an

an bnrílobm sod lntmj supnrpunstms, ji qun rnquonrn ud lmyir nspnsir an

topi macnsovi bili pijobmreixojmti, oidòlnri an voaroi y mkndtns an

jm bnrílobm pmrm ndlmsbmrmr jm andtodm ansbijiroam. Vir ji tmdti, jm

bnlndtmboòd an rnsodm. Vir tmdti, pmrnbn snr endnhoboisi ud krmai rmzidmejn

rnaubboòd mxomj pmrm biridms an bnrílobm sod lntmj di dnbnsotm nxbnanr =.6 ll bumdai sn utojozmd sostnlms an bnrílobm sod lntmj snlotrmdsjðboais

an sumvoama pmrm jms prnpmrmboidns andtmjns.

bid tidis an brilm lís em`is y an lmyir vmjir. Rn pripidn qun jms supnrhobons odbosmjns / ibjusmjns sn rnauzbmd 5 ll pirqun nsm prihudaoama pnrlotn nj ansmrrijji an udm lirhijikìm dirlmj y sn cm oandtohobmai bili udm bmdtoama snkurm y rmzidmejn pmrm nxtrmnr an jis aondtns.

BIDBJ^ROIDNR Riern jm emsn an jis nstuaois bondtìhobis mbtumjns, sn pripidnd jms sokuondtns pmutms pmrm jm prnpmrmboòd an aondtns pmrm biridms bilpjntms0

=. Jm bidvnrkndbom ibjusmj titmj, i nj ídkuji an

30 Hirlm an ídkuji an jìdnm Jis ídkujis an jìdnm sn hirlmd bumdai jms supnrhobons andtmjns prnpmrmams sn

jm bidvnrkndbom hirlmam ndtrn 5 supnrhobons mxomjns prnpmrmams ipunstms, oanmjlndtn anenrìm isbojmr ndtrn =6 y 56 krmais.

5. Qrns lojìlntris anen snr jm ibjusoòd lìdolm

nhnbti an jis ídkujis an jms jìdnms rnaidanmams siern jm rnsostndbom mhnbtn jm

aolndsoòd sibnrvobmj / odbosibnrvobmj an jis odbosovis y prnlijmrns prnpmrmais andtri an jis =6 m 56 krmais rnbilndamais an bidvnrkndbom ibjusmj titmj. 2. Jm aolndsoòd ibjusibnrvobmj lìdolm an jis lijmrns

odtnkroama nstrubturmj ðdobmlndtn an jms rnstmurmboidns an bnrílobm sod lntmj. Nj

anen snr an 1 ll bumdai sn prnpmrm bid udm bidvnrkndbom ibjusmj titmj an

pripòsoti an rnaidanmr jis ídkujis an jms jìdnms bid biridms titmjlndtn lntíjobms y

=6 m 56 krmais.

ndbundtrmd ndtrn sì. Aneoai m qun jis ídkujis an jìdnm mkuais brnmd bidbndtrmboòd an tndsoòd, ;6,?5,?2 Rn cm rnbilndamai rnaidanmr jis ídkujis an jms jìdnms aurmdtn jm prnpmrmboòd anj aondtn pmrm ln`irmr jm rnsostndbom. Rod nlemrki, ns priemejn qun nj

lntmjbnrílobms sn rnjmboidm lís bid hmbojotmr jis pribnaolondtis an jmeirmtiroi y iptolozmr nj m`ustn qun bid ln`irmr jm rnsostndbom an jm rnstmurmboòd. Jis ídkujis an jìdnm rnaidam hmbojotmd jm hmerobmboòd an lijans an ynsi m pmrtor an olprnsoidns sod

1. Jm rnjmboòd ndtrn ibjusibnrvobmj / odbosibnrvobmj Jm aolndsoòd an ud aondtn prnpmrmai m jm aolndsoòd hmboijodkumj anen snr mj lndis 6,1 i supnroir pmrm tiais jis aondtns.

mtrmpmr eureu`ms an morn, msì bili nj rnvnstolondti an pmtridns an bnrm sod odbjusoidns an morn. Jms eureu`ms an morn mtrmpmams punand amr jukmr m dòaujis nd jms ponzms lijanmams qun olpoand nj msndtmlondti bilpjnti an udm rnstmurmboòd. Jis dòaujis an ynsi tmleoïd sid lís híbojns an njolodmr bumdai jis ídkujis an jms jìdnms sn rnaidanmd aurmdtn jm prnpmrmboòd anj aondtn.

>. Ronlprn qun snm pisoejn, jis aondtns anend prnpmrmrsn pmrm

qun sn bidsnrvnd jms nsquodms hmboiprixolmj y jodkuiprixolmj, lmdtndondai msì jm vmromboòd nd jm lirhijikìm borbudhnrndbomj qun ln`irm jm hirlm an rnsostndbom. 8. Aondtns sod lirhijikìm borbudhnrndbomj dmturmj ky anspuïs an jm prnpmrmboòd an jis aondtns (aondtns rnaidais) i aondtns qun bmrnbnd

?0 tnxturm an jm supnrhobon

Ais nstuaois cmd odaobmai qun jm sumvoama an jm prnpmrmboòd an jis aondtns ln`irm nj m`ustn lmrkodmj an jms rnstmurmboidns. ?1,?> ^d mrtobuji ?8 di odhirlmrid aohnrndboms nd nj msondti lmrkodmj an biridms bilpjntms bumdai jms supnrhobons mxomjns sn prnpmrmrid bid odstrulndtis an aomlmdtn krunsi

an udm hirlm an rnsostndbom manbumam anend liaohobmrsn bid jm brnmboòd an rmdurms / bm`ms.

;. Lubcis lijmrns dnbnsotmd rmdurms i bm`ms muxojomrns pmrm

ln`irmd jm hirlm an rnsostndbom aneoai m sus aolndsoidns ibjusibnrvobmjns birtms y jm rnjmboòd anshmvirmejn an jms aolndsoidns ibjusibnrvobmjns m jms aolndsoidns hmboijodkúns.

(=56 ¾ tmlmýi an krmdi l) i bid aomlmdtn hodi (>6 ¾ l tmlmýi an krmdi) odstrulndtis.

3. Jms rmdurms / bm`ms mxomjns anend usmrsn an hirlm rutodmrom

bumdai sn prnpmrmd lijmrns lmdaoeujmrns pmrm pròtnsos pmrbomjns ho`ms, y anend ueobmrsn nd jms supnrhobons prixolmjns.

Jm sumvoama tmleoïd tondn ud nhnbti siern jm rntndboòd, pnri pmrnbn nstmr rnjmboidmam bid nj topi an bnlndti anhodotovi utojozmai. Ais nstuaois ?;,?3 anlistrò qun jm rukisoama di mulndtò jm rntndboòd bid ?. Bumdai jms bidaoboidns y jm nstïtobm an jis aondtns ji pnrlotmd, bnlndti an hishmti an zodb, pnri vmroms itrms odvnstokmboidns  ?>,?8,??-=62 ansbueroò Jms jìdnms osc anend ueobmrsn suprmkodkovmjlndtn. suprmkodkovmjlndtn. qun bonrtm mspnrnzm an jms prnpmrmboidns andtmjns ln`irmem jm =6. Bumdai sn rnquonrnd jìdnms an lntm suekodkovmjns, di anen nxtndanrsn m jm odsnrboòd npotnjomj. rntndboòd bid bnlndti an hishmti an zodb. Nd 2 nstuaois,  ?>,=66,=62 jm rukisoama di ln`irò jm rntndboòd bid mkndtns an ho`mboòd an topi macnsovi bili pijobmreixoji

==. Bcmhjíd an jìdnms an mbmemai an mprixolmamlndtn 6,2 ll. annp sid oanmjns pmrm biridms titmjlndtn lntíjobms.

=5. Nj topi an jìdnm an lntm snjnbboidmam pmrm usmr bid

MEUOJ 566=

2;2

 

KIIAMBUN, BMLVMKDO _ M]^OJODI

JM UNXORQM AN IAIDQIJIKÌM VUIQÏROBM

Jms biridms an lntmj-bnrílobm di anend emsmrsn nd ud m`ustn lmrkodmj sodi nd jms prnhnrndboms pnrsidmjns, jm nstïtobm, jm hmbojoama an hirlmboòd y nj topi an biridm an lntmj-bnrílobm. Di sn cm antnrlodmai jm prihudaoama bjìdobm òptolm qun sn punan mjbmdzmr an hirlm rutodmrom.

=2. Jms jìdnms an lntm anj cileri y anj bcmhjíd sn punand sn utojozm bid biridms an bnrílobm sod lntmj so jms biridms nstíd macnroams m jis aondtns prnpmrmais. Di sn rnquonrnd prihudaoamans supnroirns m = ll bumdai sn

=1. Rjibul R. Jm tïbdobm an jms biridms an bcmquntm an pirbnjmdm y jm rnjmboòd bid jm pnroiaidbom. Andt Aoknst =?5>7 2=0 52?-12. =>. Ippobn C[. ^d rnsulnd an oanms siern prnpmrmboidns an biridms an bcmquntm an pirbnjmdm. Msibomboòd @ Ml Andt =?217 5=0 =626-?.

=8. Nvmds K. ^d trmtmai príbtobi siern biridms, pundtns y pirbnjmdm mrtohobomjns. ?ª na. Hojmanjhom, VM0 Rid & Bi an V Ejmgostid7 =?55. p.>5;. =;. Bjmrg NE. Unquosotis an jm biridm an jm bcmquntm. @ Ml Andt Mssib =?2?7 580 2>>-82. =3. Mrkulndtn @N. Jm prnpmrmboòd an aondtns pmrm biridms an bcmquntm an pirbnjmdm. @ MlAndt Mssib =?267 =;0 =5>?-;6.

=?. JnKri MJ. Odstrulndtmboòd ipnrmtirom pmrm prnpmrmboidns an biridms an bcmquntm. Andt Otnls Odt

utojozm ud topi snlotrmdsjðboai an biridm an bnrílobm sod lntmj.

=?5?7 >=0 51>->>. 56. Ernbgnr RB. Jm biridm an jm bcmquntm an pirbnjmdm. Rt. Jiuos, LI0 BX Lisey7

=1. Unaubboidns mxomjns y ibjusmjns pmrm tiai lntmj jms biridms anend tndnr mj lndis 6,> ll an prihudaoama y =,6 ll an prihudaoama, rnspnbtovmlndtn. Vmrm jms biridms an lntmj-bnrílobm, jms rnaubboidns hmbomjns / mxomjns an lís an = ll punand bilprilntnr jm nstrubturm andtmrom rnlmdndtn nxtnrdm m jm pujpm, londtrms qun 5,6 ll an rnaubboòd ibjusmj sn punand jikrmr bilðdlndtn odbjusi nd ud aondtn `ivnd. Bid biridms an bnrílobm sod lntmj, di ns dnbnsmroi supnrmr = ll an rnaubboòd mxomj bid sostnlms snlotrmdsjðboais y tidis an brilm lís em`is y an lmyir vmjir. Rn rnbilondam udm rnaubboòd odbosmj / ibjusmj an ais lojìlntris pmrm jms biridms an bnrílobm sod lntmj.

=>. Jis ídkujis an jìdnm anend rnaidanmrsn nd bnrílobm sod lntmj.

prnpmrmboidns andtmjns pmrm rnaubor nj nstrïs nd jm rnstmurmboòd anhodotovm. Bid jms biridms qun utojozmd lntmj, nj pripòsoti prodbopmj anj rnaidani anj ídkuji an

=?>=. p. >, =>, =8, =5?. 5=. Duttmjj NE. Hmbtirns qun odhjuynd nd nj ïxoti an jms rnstmurmboidns bid siernbueonrtm an pirbnjmdm. @ Vristcnt Andt =?8=7 ==0 ;12-3.

55. @irkndsnd GA. Unjmboòd ndtrn rntndboòd y ídkuji an bidvnrkndbom nd biridms an bmrojjms bnlndtmams. Mbtm Iaidtij Rbmda =?>>7 =20 2>-16. 52. Rcojjodkeurk CQ, Ciei R, [cotsntt JA. Hudamlndtis an jm pristiaidbom ho`m. Bcobmki, OJ0 ]uodtnssndbn Vuejoscodk Bi7 =?3=. p. ;?. 51. Aygnlm U[, Kiiambrn B@, Vcojjops U[. Vríbtobm lianrdm an @icdstid nd pristiaidbom ho`m. 1ª na. Hojmanjhom, VM0 [E Rmudanrs7 =?38. p. 51, 28-?, 51?->>, 5;;-31. 5>. Lmjidn [HV, Gitc AJ. Qnirìm y príbtobm an Qyjlmd an jm pristiaidbom ho`m. 3ª na. Rt. Jiuos, LI0 Oscoymgu NuriMlnrobm, Odb7 =?3?. p. =56. 58. Uisndstonj RH, Jmda LH, Hu`oliti @. Vristiaidbom ho`m bidtnlpirídnm. 5ª na. Rt. Jiuos, LI0 Lisey ‒ _nmr Eiig7 =??>. p. =2;-3, =;6-2, =31>, 55?. 5;. [ojsid MC @r, Bcmd AB. Jm rnjmboòd ndtrn jm bidvnrkndbom an jm prnpmrmboòd y jm rntndboòd an rntndnairns nxtrmbiridmjns. @ Vristciaidt =??17 20 ;1-3. 53. [nna UL, Ruaaobg UV, Gjnhhdnr @C. Bidi an biridms bjìdobms y topiaidti njmeirmai pir nstuaomdtns an iaidtijikìm. OMAU Mestrmbt Di. =628. @ Andt Uns =?317 820 538.

jìdnm ns hmbojotmr nj vnrtoai an olprnsoidns y nj rnvnstolondti an pmtridns an bnrm sod mtrmpmr eureu`ms an morn y hmbojotmr jm nxtrmbboòd an jis lòaujis an hudaoboòd.

=8. Jm prnpmrmboòd sumvn an jis aondtns pmrnbn ln`irmr  nj m`ustn an jms rnstmurmboidns. Jm rukisoama an jm supnrhobon kndnrmjlndtn mulndtm jm rntndboòd bid bnlndti an hishmti an zodb, pnri su nhnbti bid bnlndtis macnsovis (pijobmreixojmti, oidòlnri oidòlnri an voaroi, rnsodm) di sn cm antnrlodmai an lmdnrm tmd anhodotovm. Vir tmdti, sn rnbilondam udm prnpmrmboòd anj aondtn rmzidmejnlndtn sumvn.

5?. Rlotc BQ, Kmry @@, Bidgod @N, Hrmdgs CJ. Brotnroi an bidoboama nhobmz pmrm jm prnpmrmboòd bilpjntm an biridms an rnvnstolondti nd pristiaidbom prnbjìdobm. @ Vristciaidt =???7 30 =?8-566. 26. Diidmd @N @r, Kijahiknj LC. Bidvnrkndbom an jms pmrnans mxomjns an prnpmrmboidns an biridms an bmrojjms bilpjntms nd ud ndtirdi an nsbunjm an iaidtijikìm. @ Vristcnt Andt =??=7 880 ;68-3.

2=. Icl N, Rojdnss @. Nj ídkuji an bidvnrkndbom nd aondtns prnpmrmais pmrm biridms mrtohobomjns. @ Irmj Uncmeoj =?;37 >0 2;=->.

25. Mddnrstnat MJ, Ndkstrøl ^, Cmdssid M, @mdssid Q, Gmrjssid R, Joj`ocmknd C y bij. Bidvnrkndbom an jm pmrna mxomj an prnpmrmboidns an biridms an rnvnstolondti bilpjnti. Aibulndtmai pmrm nstuaomdtns an iaidtijikìm y lïaobis kndnrmjns. Mbtm Iaidtij Rbmda =??87 >10 =6?-=5.

22. Dirajmdanr @, [nor A, Rtihhnr [, Ibco R. Jm hirlm bòdobm an prnpmrmboidns bjìdobms pmrm pristiaidbom ho`m. @ Vristcnt Andt =?337 860 =13->=.

UNHNUNDBOMR

21. Jnnlpinj V@E, Jnllnds VJ, Rding VM, vmd't Cih LM. Nj ídkuji an bidvnrkndbom an j ms prnpmrmboidns andtmjns pmrm biridms bilpjntms. @ Vristcnt Andt =?3;7 >30 1=1-8.

=. Hmubcmra V. Nj boru`mdi andtostm. 5ª na. Xij. OO. Eorlodkcml, MJ0 Eoejoitnbm an bjísobis an jm iaidtijikìm7 =?36. p. =;2-561.

2>. Lmbg V@. ^dm odvnstokmboòd tnòrobm y bjìdobm siern jm bidoboama jikrmam nd jms prnpmrmboidns an

5. Vritcnri @C. Iaidtijikìm pritïsobm. Bcobmki, OJ0 Lnaobi-Andtmj Vuejoscodk Bi7 =?52. p. ;15, =6??, ==6=-8, ==53-23.

28. Nmlns [E, I'Dnmj R@, Lidtnori @, Lojjnr B, Uimd @A @r, Bicnd GR. Qïbdobms pmrm ln`irmr nj

2. Uobcmrasid @. ^d trmtmai príbtobi siern iaidtijikìm lnbídobm. Hojmanjhom, VM0 Jodasmy y Ejmgostid7 =336. p. =13-?, =>5-2. 1. Jmda BC. ^d dunvi sostnlm an rnstmurmboòd an aondtns luy bmromais lnaomdtn ud rnbuerolondti lntíjobi nslmjtmai. Vríbtobm odanpndaondtn =3387 ;0 16;-?. >. Jmda BC. Rnbboidns an nslmjtn lntíjobi. ^d dunvi sostnlm an ieturmboòd an aondtns. Vríbtobm odanpndaondtn =33;7 30 3;-?6.

biridms n odbrustmboidns. @ Irmj Uncmeoj =?367 ;0 5>>-8>.

msndtmlondti msndtmlondt i an ponzms hudaoams. Msibomboòd @ Ml Andt =?;37 ?80 125-;. 2;. Gndt [M, Rcojjodkeurk CQ @r, Audbmdsid LK @r. Bidi an prnpmrmboidns bjìdobms pmrm rnstmurmboidns an ynsi. ]uodtnssndbn Odt =?337 =?0 22?-1>.

23. [osgitt C[M, Dobcijjs @O, Enjsnr ^B. Jm rnjmboòd ndtrn jm bidoboama anj pojmr y jm rnsostndbom an jms biridms bnlndtmams m jm bmrkm aodílobm. Odt @ Vristciaidt =??87 ?0 ==;-2?.

8. Jmda BC. Odhirln bjìdobi. Andt Bislis =33?7 2=0 =?6-5. ;. Jmda BC. Unvnstolondtis y nlpmstns an nslmjtn lntíjobi. Vríbtobm odanpndaondtn =3387 ;0 1=2-1.

2?. Aiakn [[, [nna UL, Emnz U@, Eubcmdmd UD. Nj nhnbti anj ídkuji an bidvnrkndbom siern jm hirlm an rntndboòd y rnsostndbom. ]uodtnssndbn Odt =?3>7 =80 =?=-1.

3. Jmda BC. Mrtn andtmj an pirbnjmdm. Vmrtn =. Andt Bislis =?627 1>0 12;-11. ?. Jmda BC. Mrtn andtmj an pirbnjmdm. Vmrtn 5. Andt Bislis =?627 1>0 8=>-56.

=6. Rpmjaodk NE. Rustotuboòd an tiai nj nslmjtn dmturmj pir pirbnjmdm. Andt Otnls Odt =?617 580 16=-=6. ==. Mvmry C. Bjmsohobmboòd an jis aondtns bili hmbtir irondtmair nd jm birrnbtm prnpmrmboòd an biridms bid siernbueonrtm an pirbnjmdm. @ Dmt Andt Mssib =?5=7 30 522->.

=5. Emstomd BB. Jm biridm an jm bcmquntm an pirbnjmdm7 su utojoama nd pundtns rnlivoejns. @ Ml Andt Mssib =?587 =20 558-16. =2. Xncn [A. Mjkudis prodbopois eísobis qun sueymbnd m jm tïbdobm an jms biridms an bmrojjms an pirbnjmdm. Msibomboòd @ Ml Andt =?267 =;0 5=8;-;8.

2;1

16. [osgitt C[, Dobcijjs @O, Enjsnr ^B. Nj nhnbti an jm mjturm y nj aoílntri an jm prnpmrmboòd anj aondtn siern jm rnsostndbom an jms biridms bilpjntms m jm bmrkm an hmtokm. Odt @ Vristciaidt =??;7 =60 56;-=>.

1=. Rcojjodkeurk CQ, Ciei R, [cotsntt JA, @mbieo U, Ermbgntt RN. Hudamlndtis an jm pristiaidbom ho`m. 2ª na. Bcobmki, OJ0 ]uodtnssndbn Vuejoscodk Bi7 =??;. p. =56, =2?-15, =>=->5. 15. Vmrgnr LC, Kudanrsid UE, Kmradnr HL, Bmjvnrjny L@. Antnrlodmboòd bumdtotmtovm an mcusmlondti manbumai pmrm pripirboidmr pripirboidmr hirlm an rnsostndbom0 bidbnpti an mcusmlondti jolotmdtn. @ Vristcnt A ndt =?337 >?0 53=-3.

XIJ^LND 3> DÐLNUI 1

 

KIIAMBUN, BMLVMKDO _ M]^OJODI

12. Vmrgnr LC, Bmjvnrjny L@, Kmradnr HL, Kudanrsid UE. Dunvms pmutms pmrm jm prnpmrmboòd anj bidi. @ Vristciaidt =??27 50 8=-8.

JM UNXORQM AN IAIDQIJIKÌM VUIQÏROBM

Biridm bilpjntm an pirbnjmdm macnroam m lntmj0 ud nstuaoi RNL. @ Vristcnt Andt =?357 1;0 =18->2.

11. Qronr MB, Vmrgnr LC, Bmlnrid RL, Eriussnmu @R. Nvmjumboòd an jm hirlm an rnsostndbom an biridms y rntndnairns ansmji`mais. @ Vristcnt Andt =??37 360 16>-?.

;1. Uobctnr-Rdmpp G, Mquojodi RM, Rvmrn B[, Qurdnr GM. Bmleoi nd nj m`ustn lmrkodmj nd rnjmboòd bid nj aosnýi an

1>. Lmxwnjj M[, Ejmdg J[, Vnjjnu KE @r. Nhnbti an jm mjturm an jm prnpmrmboòd an jm biridm siern jm

;>. Ryu @P, Eyrdn K, Jmue J[, Jmda LH. Odhjundbom an jm knilntrìm an jm jìdnm an lntm nd nj m`ustn an jms

jis lírkndns, nj topi an mjnmboòd y jm prixoloama an jm pirbnjmdm nd jms rnstmurmboidns an pirbnjmdm hudaoam bid lntmj. @ Vristcnt Andt =?337 860 12>-?.

rntndboòd y rnsostndbom an jms ponzms hudaoams an iri. Knd Andt =??67 230 566-5.

biridms. Odt @ Vristciaidt =??27 80 5>-26.

;8. Enjsnr ^B, LmbNdtnn LO, Uobctnr [M. M`ustn an trns aosnýis an pirbnjmdm an lntmj hudaoai od vovi0 18. [iijsny KA, Lmtobbc c @M. Nj nhnbti an jms rmdurms mxomjns nd jm hirlm an rnsostndbom rnsostndbom an jms rnstmurmboidns

ud nstuaoi an lobrisbipoi njnbtròdobi an emrroai. @ Vristcnt Andt =?3>7 >20 51-?.

lijanmams. Msibomboòd @ Ml Andt =?;37 ?;0 ?;3-36.

1;. Vmrgnr LC, Lmjidn GC 2ra, Qronr MB, Rtromdi QR. Nvmjumboòd an hirlm an rnsostndbom pmrm aondtns prnpmrmais. @ Vristcnt Andt =??=7 880 ;26-2. 13. [nna UL, Emnz U@. ^d lïtiai pmrm antnrlodmr jm hirlm an rnsostndbom manbumam an prnpmrmboidns bilpjntms an biridms hudaoams. @ Vristcnt Andt =?317 >50 226-1. 1?. Cnkamcj Q, Rojdnss @. Írnms an prnpmrmboòd qun rnsostnd nj anspjmzmlondti an biridms mrtohobomjns. @ Irmj Uncmeoj =?;;7 10 56=-;.

;;. Eyrdn K. Odhjundbom an jm hirlm an jm jìdnm an lntm nd jm bnlndtmboòd an jm biridm. Odt @ Vristciaidt =??57 >0 =2;-11.

;3. Bcobcn K@, Vodmujt M. Nstïtobm an jm pristiaidbom ho`m mdtnroir. Bcobmki, OJ0 ]uodtnssndbn Vuejoscodk Bi7 =??1. p. 38, ?=, =65-2. ;?. Rnkco UU, @icdstid [L, I'Erond [@. Mdíjosos nspnbtrihitilïtrobi an aohnrndboms an bijir ndtrn sostnlms an pirbnjmdm. @ Vristcnt Andt =?387 >80 2>-16.

>6. [mnrcmuk @. Bidsoanrmboidns costijòkobms qun kieonrdmd aòdan anend ueobmrsn jis lírkndns an jms rnstmurmboidns nd rnjmboòd bid jm ndbìm. Andt Bjod Dirtc Ml =?867 10 =8=-;8.

36. @mbies RC, Kiiambrn B@, Liirn EG, Aygnlm U[. Nhnbti anj nspnsir an jm pirbnjmdm y nj topi an mjnmboòd lntmj-bnrílobm siern nj bijir. @ Vristcnt Andt =?3;7 >;0 =23-1>.

>=. Gmrjsnd G. Unmbboidns kodkovmjns m jms rnstmurmboidns andtmjns. Mbtm Iaidtij Rbmda =?;67 530 3?>-?61. 3=. Aiukjms UA, Vrzyeyjsgm L. Vrnaobboòd anj nspnsir an pirbnjmdm rnqunroai pmrm jms biodboandboms an bijir >5. Lmrbul @R. Nj nhnbti an jm prihudaoama lmrkodmj an jm biridm siern nj tn`oai kodkovmj. @ Vristcnt Andt =?8;7 =;0 1;?-3;.

>2. Jmrmti AB. Nj nhnbti an jm nxtndsoòd anj lmrknd an jm biridm siern jm odhjmlmboòd kodkovmj. @ Riutc Bmjoh Andt Mssib =?8?7 2;0 1;8-3.

andtmj. @ Vristcnt Andt =???7 350 =12-?.

35. Rnyliur G, Piu J, Rmlmrmwobgrmlm A_, Jydbc N. Nvmjumboòd an jms aolndsoidns an jis cileris y jis ídkujis an jm pirbnjmdm udoam m jms prnpmrmboidns an biridms lntíjobms. @ Vristcnt Andt =??87 ;>0 168-==.

>1. Enrklmd E, Cukisid M, Ijssid BI. Bidaoboidns pnroiaidtmjns y pritïsobms nd pmbondtns

32. Hronajmdanr JA, Luýiz BM, Kiiambrn B@, Aiyjn LK, Liirn EG. Nj nhnbti anj aosnýi an jm

trmtmais bid andtmaurms pistozms pmrbomjns rnlivoejns y biridms mrtohobomjns. ^d nstuaoi

prnpmrmboòd anj aondtn siern jm rnsostndbom m jm riturm an jms biridms Aobir0 pmrtn =. Odt @

jidkotuaodmj an ais mýis. Mbtm Iaidtij Rbmda =?;=7 5?0 85=-23.

Vristciaidt =??67 20 =>?-83. 31. Aiyjn LK, Luýiz BM, Kiiambrn B@, Hronajmdanr JA, Liirn EG. Nj nhnbti anj aosnýi an jm

>>. Undkkjo CC, Unkijmto E. Odhjmlmboòd kodkovmj y mbulujmboòd an pjmbm pir rnstmurmboidns prixolmjns suprmkodkovmjns y suekodkovmjns eond mamptmams. Cnjv Iaidtij Mbtm =?857 =80 ??-=6=. >8. Xmjanrcmuk @, Eorgnjmda @L. Mhnbboidns pnroiaidtmjns nd pmbondtns > mýis anspuïs an jm

prnpmrmboòd anj aondtn siern jm rnsostndbom m jm riturm an jms biridms Aobir0 5. Odt @ Vristciaidt =??67 20 51=-3. 3>. R`ikrnd K, Enrklmd L. Unjmboòd ndtrn jm rnsostndbom m jm bilprnsoòd y jm hirlm bnrvobmj an jm

biridm Bnrnstirn an bnrílobm sod lntmj. Rwna Andt @ =?3;7 ==0 =1;->5.

odsnrboòd an pròtnsos ho`ms. Vrihudaoama anj eijsojji y pïraoam an su`nboòd. @ Irmj Uncmeoj =?;87 20 52;-12.

>;. Dnwbile KL. Jm rnjmboòd ndtrn jm ueobmboòd an jis lírkndns an jm biridm suekodkovmj y jm odhjmlmboòd kodkovmj. @ Vnroiaidtij =?;17 1>0 =>=-1. >3. @mlnsid JL. Bilpmrmboòd anj vijulnd an jìquoai brnvobujmr an aondtns rnstmurmais y di rnstmurmais. @ Vristcnt Andt =?;?7 1=0 56?-=1. >?. Uobctnr [M, ^ndi C. Unjmboòd an jm bijibmboòd anj lmrknd an jm biridm bid jm odhjmlmboòd kodkovmj.

38. Enrdmj K, @idns UL, Eriwd AQ, Luýiz BM, Kiiambrn B@. Nj nhnbti an jm hirlm an jm jìdnm an mbmemai y nj mkndtn an ho`mboòd siern jm rnsostndbom m jm riturm an jms biridms Aobir. Odt @ Vristciaidt =??27 80 538-?6. 3;. Lmjmlndt GM, Ribrmdsgy RR. Rupnrvovndbom an jms rnstmurmboidns andtmjns an votribnrílobm Aobir aurmdtn =1 mýis. Vmrtn O. Rupnrvovndbom an jms rnstmurmboidns an bienrturm bilpjntm an Aobir y nhnbti anj krmemai íboai an jm supnrhobon odtnrdm, pisoboòd anj aondtn, snxi y nama. @ Vristcnt Andt =???7 3=0 52-25.

@ Vristcnt Andt =?;27 260 =>8-8=. 86. Ermdamu CN, _mlmd V, Lijvmr L. Nhnbti an jis pribnaolondtis an rnstmurmboòd pmrm udm biridm an bcmquntm an pirbnjmdm siern jm smjua y jm mjturm kodkovmj. Ml @ Andt =?337 =0 ==?-55.

8=. Gitc AJ. Unstmurmboidns an biridms bilpjntms n odhjmlmboòd kodkovmj nd udm piejmboòd bidtrijmam. @ Vristcnt Andt =?357 130 83=->.

33. Rcojjodkeurk CQ @r, Krmbn BR. Nspnsir an nslmjtn y andtodm. @ Riutc Bmjoh Andt Mssib =?;27 1=0 22-8. 3?. nj-Cmamry L, nj-Lmssry D, Rcncmtm HO, nj-Rcmrgmwy L. Nspnsir anj nslmjtn y andtodm nd aohnrndtns ueobmboidns ueobmboidns an jm pirboòd an jm biridm nd jis prnlijmrns y su rnjmboòd bid nj trmtmlondti bidsnrvmair. bidsnrvmair. Nkypt Andt @ =?;>7 5=0 5?-28.

85. [mnrcmuk @. Unmbboidns tosujmrns mjrnanair an biridms mrtohobomjns. @ Vnroiaidtij =?>27 510 =;5-3>.

82. Kmrkuoji M[, [ndtz HL, Iremd E@. Aolndsoidns y rnjmboidns an jm udoòd andtikodkovmj

?6. Rtmlemukc UX, [ottribg @[. Jm rnjmboòd an jm bílmrm pujpmr bid jm supnrhobon nxtnrdm anj aondtn. @ Vristcnt Andt =?;;7 2;0 >2;-18. ?=. Lmjmlndt GM, Ribrmdsgy RR. Rupnrvovndbom an jms rnstmurmboidns andtmjns an votribnrílobm Aobir

nd culmdis. @ Vnroiaidtij =?8=7 250 58=-;. 81. Bicnd A[, Uiss RN. Nj bijkm`i an aiejn pmpojms rnpisoboidò nd tnrmpom pnroiaidtmj. @

aurmdtn =1 mýis. Vmrtn OO0 nhnbti anj nspnsir anj lmtnromj Aobir y aosnýi an jm prnpmrmboòd anj aondtn.

Vnroiaidtij =?837 2?0 8>-;6. 8>. Dnvods L. Kodkovmj ma`udti0 tnrmpom lubikodkovmj y iaidtijikìm rnstmurmairm. Odt @

?5. Brmok UK, nj-Nermsco LG, Vnytid HM. Mdíjosos an nstrïs nxpnrolndtmj an rnstmurmboidns andtmjns.

Vnroiaidtobs Unstirmtovn Andt =?387 80 ?-5;. 88. Bmrdnvmjn K, Rtnrrmdtodi RH, Ao Hnei K. Bobmtrozmboòd an cnroams nd tn`oais auris y ejmdais anspuïs an jm prnpmrmboòd anj aondtn cmstm jm brnstm mjvnijmr. Andt rnstmurmair an pnroiaidbom Odt @ =?327 20 28->2.

8;. Qmrdiw A, Rtmcj RR, Lmkdnr M, Pmlzig @. Unspunstms an odsnrboòd kodkovmj culmdm m jm bijibmboòd an jm biridm suekodkovmj. Unlianjmboòd lmrkodmj. @ Bjod Vnroiaidtij =?387 =20 >82-?. 83. Gios @. Mjtnrmboòd an dovnjns kodkovmjns0 jm bidnxoòd rnstmurmairm pmrtn O0 vmromejns eoijòkobms. @ Nstcnt Andt =??17 80 2-?.

8?. Aiyjn LK, Kiiambrn B@, Luýiz BM, Mdarïs B@. Nj nhnbti anj aosnýi an jm prnpmrmboòd anj aondtn siern jm rnsostndbom m jm riturm an jms biridms Aobir0 2. Odt @ Vristciaidt =??67 20 25;-16.

@ Vristcnt Andt =???7 3=0 885-;.

Vmrtn OO. Mdíjosos an tndsoòd hitinjístobm eoaolndsoidmj an biridms. @ Vristcnt Andt =?8;7 =;0 5?5-265. ?2. Dobcijjs @O. Untndboòd an biridm. O. Mdíjosos an nstrïs an rnstmurmboidns solïtrobms. @ Vristcnt Andt =?;17 2=0 =;?-31. ?1. Bcmrendnmu KQ, Vnytid HM. Mjkudis nhnbtis an jm odstrulndtmboòd an bmvoamans siern jm mamptmboòd an ponzms an hudaoboòd y mlmjkmlms an iri. @ Vristcnt Andt =?>37 30 >=1-5>. ?>. Q`md MCJ, Rmrgossomd U. Nhnbti anj mbmemai an jm prnpmrmboòd nd jm rntndboòd y m`ustn an biridms bilpjntms. @ Vristcnt Andt =?387 >80 532-3.

?8. Qudtoprmwid L. Nhnbti an jm rukisoama an jm supnrhobon nd nj msondti lmrkodmj y rntndboòd an b iridms an lntmj bilpjntms. @ Vristcnt Andt =???7 3=0 =15-;. ?;. Rlotc EK. Nj nhnbti an jm rukisoama an jm supnrhobon an jm andtodm prnpmrmam siern jm rntndboòd an ponzms

;6. [mjtid BE, Jnvnd LL. ^d odhirln prnjolodmr an prunems hitinjístobms an anhirlmboòd andtri an jms biridms an jm bcmquntm. Msibomboòd @ Ml Andt =?>>7 >60 11-3.

;=. Rcojjodkeurk CQ @r, Ciei R, Hoscnr A[. Aosnýi an prnpmrmboòd y aostirsoòd an lírkndns nd rnstmurmboidns an pirbnjmdm hudaoam siern lntmj. @ Vristcnt Andt =?;27 5?0 5;8-31.

lijanmams. @ Vristcnt Andt =?;67 520 =3;-?3.

?3. Kudajnr M, Jibgiwmdat V, Nrcmrasid R. Untndboòd an biridm y bmrkm bìbjobm (od votri). Rbmda @ Andt Uns =??27 =6=0 5>5-8. ??. Hnjtid AM, Gmdiy EN, [cotn @Q. Nj nhnbti an jm rukisoama an jm supnrhobon an jms prnpmrmboidns an biridms siern jm rntndboòd an ponzms hudaoams bnlndtmams. @ Vristcnt Andt =?3;7 >30 5?5-8.

;5. Hmubcnr UU, Dobcijjs @O. Aostirsoòd rnjmboidmam bid nj aosnýi an lírkndns nd rnstmurmboidn rnstmurmboidnss an pirbnjmdm hudaoam siern lntmj. @ Vristcnt Andt =?367 120 =1?->>.

;2. Cmlmkubco C, Bmbbomtirn M, Qunjjnr XL. Aostirsoòd lmrkodmj an jm

MEUOJ 566=

=66. Ioji K, @irkndsnd GA. Odhjundbom an jm rukisoama an jm supnrhobon nd jm bmpmboama an rntndboòd an ais bnlndtis an bnlndtmboòd andtmj. @ Irmj Uncmeoj =?;37 >0 2;;-3?.

2;>

 

KIIAMBUN, BMLVMKDO _ M]^OJODI

JM UNXORQM AN IAIDQIJIKÌM VUIQÏROBM

=6= @udtmvnn D, Lojjstnod VJ. Nhnbti an jm rukisoama an jm supnrhobon y nj nspmboi anj bnlndti siern jm rntndboòd an jm biridm. @ Vristcnt Andt =??57 830 135-8.

Bipyrokct © 566= pir nj Bidsn`i Naotiromj an Nj aomroi an jm pròtnsos  Iaidtijikìm.

=65 [otwnr A@, Rtirny U@, vid Hrmudcihnr @M. Jis nhnbtis an jm tnxturm an jm supnrhobon y nj

6655-2?=2 / 566= / $ 2>,66 + 6. =/=6/==183>

rmdurmai nd jm rntndboòd an biridms hudaoams. @ Vristcnt Andt =?387 >80 15=-1. =62. Myma LH, Uisndstonj RH, Rmjmlm L. Odhjundbom an jm rukisoama an jm supnrhobon anj aondtn y nj topi an bnlndti nd jm rntndboòd an biridms hudaoams bilpjntms. @ Vristcnt Andt =??;7 ;;0 ==8-5=.

Unolprolor sijobotuans pmrm0 

rn U B CMUJNR @. K IIAMBUN rn NMD, R NRB^NJM AN rn NDQUMAM

J ILM J ODAM ^  DOXNUROAMA

J ILM J ODAM, BM ?52>6 H MS0 ( ?6?) >>3-6132 LO-  BIUUNI0 bkiiambrnFsa.jju.nau

Unsðlndns aokdis an lndboòd

anj Jotnrmturm mbtumj

aio0 =6.=68; / lpr.566=.==18 lpr.566=.==183> 3>

]uìlobm odtnrhmbomj an jm udoòd andtodm / macnsovi Rpndbnr V, [mdk _, [mjgnr LV, [onjobzgm AL, Rwmhhira @U. @ Andt Uns 56667 ;?0 =1>3-82.

Vripòsoti. Nstn nstuaoi nxmlodò jm bilpisoboòd, m dovnj lijnbujmr, an jm odtnrhmsn an jm bmpm cìeroam / macnsovi an andtodm hirlmam nd bidaoboidns an udoòd cðlnam. Qmleoïd bumdtohobò jm aohusoòd an jis macnsovis an udm sijm eitnjjm nd jm andtodm anslodnrmjozmam cðlnam.

Lmtnromj y lïtiais. Rn ietuvonrid tnrbnris lijmrns culmdis nxtrmìais y di nrupboidmais. Bid nj usi an udm sonrrm an aomlmdtn an em`m vnjiboama ndhromam pir mkum, sn snbboidò nj tnrboi ibjusmj an jms biridms nd hirlm pnrpndaobujmr m jis n`ns jmrkis an jis aondtns. Jms supnrhobons an andtodm nxpunstms sn rmspmrid junki bid bmreuri an sojoboi an krmdi 866 em`i mkum. Bid ud pritibiji an snjnbboòd mjnmtirom, jms lunstrms sn snjnbboidmrid pmrm nj trmtmlondti bid macnsovi an andtodm Rodkjn Eida (2L, Rt. Vmuj, Loddnsitm) i Idn-Rtnp (Eosbi, Otmsbm, Ojj.). Nj macnsovi snjnbboidmai sn mpjobò snkðd jms odstrubboidns anj hmerobmdtn y sn pijolnrozò aurmdtn 26 snkudais bid udm hundtn an juz vosoejn. Bmam krupi an macnsovi bidtndìm > lunstrms an aondtns qun sn mjlmbndmrid aurmdtn mj lndis 51 cirms nd mkum m 2; ¶ B. Anspuïs an snbboidmr jms supnrhobons an andtodm pnrpndaobujmrns y pmrmjnjms m jms supnrhobons udoams, jm rnsujtmdtn =6 Û 5 Û Rn lidtmrid jisms an 5 ll y 2 ¾ Rn birtmrid lunstrms krunsms an jm bmrm an jms jisms bid ud bubcojji an bmreuri an tudkstndi. Rn jikrò jm todboòd aohnrndbomj an jms lunstrms y jms snbboidns tnýoams sn anscoarmtmrid y nxmlodmrid bid ud lobrisbipoi òptobi Pnoss. Rn antnrlodò jm mdbcurm an jm bmpm an pritnìdm nxpunstm an bmam lunstrm. Rn prnpmrmrid pjmbms pmrm nspnbtrisbipìm an lobri-Umlnd. Jis nspnbtris sn rnkostrmrid nd vmrois sotois m trmvïs an jm odtnrhmz an bmam lunstrm. Jis amtis an jms supnrhobons sn bilpmrmrid bid nspnbtris an rnhnrndbom an macnsovi puri, andtodm anslodnrmjozmam y andtodm lodnrmjozmam. Jis nspnbtris tmleoïd sn rnbijnbtmrid nd udm snron an bilpunstis lianji cnbcis an bijíkndi topi O y macnsovi. Rn antnrlodmrid jms pripirboidns rnjmtovms an jms odtndsoamans odtnkrmams an jms bmrmbtnrìstobms nspnbtrmjns an jis macnsovis y nj bijíkndi. Rn antnrlodmrid pripirboidns oaïdtobms pmrm jms lunstrms an odtnrhmz.

Unsujtmais. Rn ndbidtrò qun jm pndntrmboòd anj macnsovi Rodkjn Eida nrm odhnroir mj >6% nd lndis an jm lotma an jm bmpm cìeroam7 Nj macnsovi an ud siji pmsi pndntrò lís anj >6% nd jm lmyir pmrtn an jm bmpm cìeroam.

Bidbjusoòd. Jis rnsujtmais an nstm odvnstokmboòd pripirboidmd jm prolnrm nvoandbom quìlobm an jm snpmrmboòd an hmsns anj macnsovi andtodmroi y su nhnbti pnr`uaobomj siern jm udoòd andtodm / macnsovi. =? Unhnrndboms. ‑AJ Aoxid 

2;8

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