2. Industrial Safety

CHE102 Industrial Safety

Safety Standards • Materials Safety Data Sheet • Safety Practices in Industry (Electrical, Construction, Overhead Works) • Building Code, PME Code, Electrical Code and Fire Code

Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) A material safety data sheet (MSDS), safety data sheet (SDS), or product safety data sheet (PSDS) is intended to provide workers and emergency personnel with procedures for handling or working with that substance in a safe manner, and includes information such as physical data, toxicity, health effects, first aid, reactivity, storage, disposal, protective equipment, and spill-handling procedures.

Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) SECTION 1: Identification of the substance/mixture and of the company/undertaking 1.1. Product identifier 1.2. Relevant identified uses of the substance or mixture and uses advised against 1.3. Details of the supplier of the safety data sheet 1.4. Emergency telephone number

Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) SECTION 2: Hazards identification 2.1. Classification of the substance or mixture 2.2. Label elements 2.3. Other hazards SECTION 3: Composition/information on ingredients 3.1. Substances 3.2. Mixtures

Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) SECTION 4: First aid measures 4.1. Description of first aid measures 4.2. Most important symptoms and effects, both acute and delayed 4.3. Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed SECTION 5: Firefighting measures 5.1. Extinguishing media 5.2. Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture 5.3. Advice for firefighters

Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) SECTION 6: Accidental release measures 6.1. Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures 6.2. Environmental precautions 6.3. Methods and material for containment and cleaning up 6.4. Reference to other sections SECTION 7: Handling and storage 7.1. Precautions for safe handling 7.2. Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities 7.3. Specific end use(s)

Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) SECTION 8: Exposure controls/personal protection 8.1. Control parameters 8.2. Exposure controls

SECTION 9: Physical and chemical properties 9.1. Information on basic physical and chemical properties 9.2. Other information

Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) SECTION 10: Stability and reactivity 10.1. Reactivity 10.2. Chemical stability 10.3. Possibility of hazardous reactions 10.4. Conditions to avoid 10.5. Incompatible materials 10.6. Hazardous decomposition products

SECTION 11: Toxicological information 11.1. Information on toxicological effects

Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) SECTION 12: Ecological information 12.1. Toxicity 12.2. Persistence and degradability 12.3. Bioaccumulative potential 12.4. Mobility in soil 12.5. Results of PBT and vPvB assessment 12.6. Other adverse effects

SECTION 13: Disposal considerations 13.1. Waste treatment methods

Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) SECTION 14: Transport information 14.1. UN number 14.2. UN proper shipping name 14.3. Transport hazard class(es) 14.4. Packing group 14.5. Environmental hazards 14.6. Special precautions for user 14.7. Transport in bulk according to Annex II of MARPOL73/78 and the IBC Code

Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) SECTION 15: Regulatory information 15.1. Safety, health and environmental regulations/legislation specific for the substance or mixture 15.2. Chemical safety assessment SECTION 16: Other information

Safety Practices in Industry ASME, founded as the American Society of Mechanical Engineers, is a professional association that, in its own words, "promotes the art, science, and practice of multidisciplinary engineering and allied sciences around the globe" via "continuing education, training and professional development, codes and standards, research, conferences and publications, government relations, and other forms of outreach

Safety Practices in Industry ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code (BPVC) BPVC is a standard that provides rules for the design, fabrication, and inspection of boilers and pressure vessels. It is reviewed every two years. The BPVC consists of twelve volumes. Stamps for defining and certification of a boiler and a pressure vessel according to the ASME code include some of the more common S, U, U2 and U3 of many.

Safety Practices in Industry Examples of ASME Performance Test Codes: ASME PTC 6 Steam Turbines ASME PTC 8.2 Centrifugal Pumps ASME PTC 11 Fans ASME PTC 12.5 Single Phase Heat Exchangers ASME PTC 19.1 Test Uncertainty ASME PTC 22 Gas Turbines ASME PTC 25 Pressure Relief Valves ASME PTC 40 Flue Gas Desulfurization ASME PTC 42 Wind Turbines ASME PTC 46 Overall Plant Performance ASME PTC 55 Aircraft Engines

Safety Practices in Industry The American Petroleum Institute, commonly referred to as API, is the largest U.S trade association for the oil and natural gas industry. The association’s chief functions on behalf of the industry include advocacy and negotiation with governmental, legal, and regulatory agencies; research into economic, toxicological, and environmental effects; establishment and certification of industry standards; and education outreach.

Safety Practices in Industry Examples: API 610 is the specification for centrifugal pumps API 675 is the specification for controlled volume positive displacement pumps, both packed-plunger and diaphragm types are included. Diaphragm pumps that use direct mechanical actuation are excluded API 677 is the standard for gear units and API 682 governs mechanical seals.

Building Code A building code, or building control, is a set of rules that specify the minimum standards for constructed objects such as buildings and nonbuilding structures. The main purpose of building codes are to protect public health, safety and general welfare as they relate to the construction and occupancy of buildings and structures. The building code becomes law of a particular jurisdiction when formally enacted by the appropriate governmental or private authority.

Building Code The purpose of building codes are to provide minimum standards for safety, health, and general welfare including structural integrity, mechanical integrity (including sanitation, water supply, light, and ventilation), means of egress, fire prevention and control, and energy conservation.

Building Code Building codes generally include: • Standards for structure, placement, size, usage, wall assemblies, fenestration size/locations, egress rules, size/location of rooms, foundations, floor assemblies, roof structures/assemblies, energy efficiency, stairs and halls, mechanical, electrical, plumbing, site drainage & storage, appliance, lighting, fixtures standards, occupancy rules, and swimming pool regulations. • Rules regarding parking and traffic impact • Fire code rules to minimize the risk of a fire and to ensure safe evacuation in the event of such an emergency

Building Code •

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Requirements for earthquake, hurricane, flood, and tsunami resistance, especially in disaster prone areas or for very large buildings where a failure would be catastrophic[citation needed] Requirements for specific building uses (for example, storage of flammable substances, or housing a large number of people) Energy provisions and consumption Grandfathering provisions: Unless the building is being renovated, the building code usually does not apply to existing buildings. Specifications on components Allowable installation methodologies

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Minimum and maximum room and exit sizes and location Qualification of individuals or corporations doing the work For high structures, anti-collision markers for the benefit of aircraft Building codes are generally separate from zoning ordinances, but exterior restrictions (such as setbacks) may fall into either category.

Electrical Code An electrical code is a set of regulations for electrical wiring. The intention of an electrical code is to provide standards to ensure electrical wiring systems that are safe and unlikely to produce either electric shock or fires. Ways in which electrical codes ensure safety include ways to prevent (or mitigate) short circuits, ground faults, and overheating from inadequate current-carrying capacity (ampacity).

Electrical Code Appropriately rated fuses or circuit breakers are used to interrupt a circuit loop whose ampacity is exceeded to avoid overheating of wires or other fixtures. Electrical codes are usually devised by national or international technical organizations, and adopted as law to make them enforceable.

Electrical Code Electrical codes differ based on geographic area. • DIN VDE (German Institute for Standardization) published by DIN-Norms is used in Germany • National Electrical Code (NEC) has been adopted for electrical wiring in the United States and for Mexico, Costa Rica, Venezuela and Colombia • IEC 60364 (International Electrotechnical Commission) is used as a basis for electrical codes in many European countries

Fire Code The National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) is a United States trade association, albeit with some international members, that creates and maintains private, copyrighted, standards and codes for usage and adoption by local governments. This includes publications from model building codes to the many on equipment utilized by firefighters while engaging in hazardous material (hazmat) response, rescue response, and some firefighting.

Fire Code Some of the most widely used codes are: NFPA 1, Fire Code: Provides requirements to establish a reasonable level of fire safety and property protection in new and existing buildings. NFPA 54, National Fuel Gas Code: The safety benchmark for fuel gas installations. NFPA 70, National Electric Code: The world's most widely used and accepted code for electrical installations. NFPA 101, Life Safety Code: Establishes minimum requirements for new and existing buildings to protect building occupants from fire, smoke, and toxic fumes.