2. Energy scenario.pdf

Currently Installed Generation Capacity

2,09,276.04 MW = 2x109X % share in Generation Source of Power

Share in MW

Fossil Fuels

140206

Hydro-Large

39291

Renewable Sources

24998

Nuclear

4780

TOTAL

2,09,276

12% 2%

Fossil Fuels

Hydro-Large

19% 67%

Renewable Sources Nuclear

India's power generation capacity will need to scale up Presently it is 209 GW by 2030 it will be over 460 GW at 6% growth rate Source: CEA, Annual Report

Max Demand

140090 MW

Supply

125234 MW

Deficit

14856 MW

%age deficit

10.6

Reference=http://cea.nic.in/reports/yearly/lgbr_report.pdf

For – USA it is 13476 kwh/year China it is 2986 kwh/year

What do you think will be per capita consumption of India It is 714 kwh/year

Utilities

Share in MW

Industry Transport Residential Commercial Public Services Agriculture / Forestry Other Non-Specified

96267 4186 43948 18835 35577 10464

5%

Industry

Transport

17%

46%

9%

Residential

21%

2%

Commercial and Public Services

Ref: IEA, India energy statics, 2012

By 2010, 

Imported about 70% of Crude Oil requirements



4th largest producer of electricity



4th largest importer of coal and crude-oil in the world.



Coal and oil together account for 66% of the energy consumption

Reference – ("India Analysis". Energy Information Administration Retrieved 2012-02-07.)(V. Ramakrishnan (2010-12-07). "Rupee Rally Falters as Oil Rises to Two-Year High". BusinessWeek. Retrieved 2011-01-11.)

Exponential Growth: 5 Fold Increase in 8 Years

Vision: 10% Contribution of RE in Total Electricity Mix by 2022

Relate with Solar energy

When people think of solar energy, the same thing often happens. While, Some see it as something for the future, others see it as something that is here today.

If you think “Solar Energy” is something to be used in the future . . . you may be picturing something like this solar array used by the space shuttle to provide for power needs in outer space. There are people who think that solar energy is something not quite down-to-earth and not ready to use today.

Actually, the first solar water heating collector appears to have been built in the 18th Century by a Swiss scientist who constructed a simple wooden box with a glass top and a black base. It trapped solar energy, and the collector reached a temperature of 190 degrees Fahrenheit.

But to many people, solar power today means just reliable calculators, watches and other simple home products like this lantern that use solar power instead of electricity to charge the batteries. They don’t realize that millions of people around the world use solar energy because it is the only available, reliable power source for many of their basic needs such as lighting and water pumping.

Solar Photovoltaic ( Electricity generation)

Solar Thermal Power Plant

Combined Heat & Power (Hybrid system)

 Most parts of India receive good solar radiation 5-7 kWh/sq. m/day

 Within 6 hours deserts receive more energy from the sun than humankind consumes within a year – Gerhard Knies  I = 6 kwh/m2/day or 250w/m2 Efficiency = 15%

=> Power Produced = 37.5 W/m2 i.e. 37.5 MW/KM2 i.e. 1 GW/25 KM2 =>Thar desert area is 2.28 Lac KM2 (0.28 Million KM2)

So now you can imagine the potential!!!

 One of the major global initiatives in promotion of solar energy technologies,  Announced by the Government of India in January 2010 under National Action Plan on Climate Change  Mission aims to achieve grid tariff parity by 2022 through  Cost reduction  Research and development  Local manufacturing and supporting infrastructure

Application Segment Target for Phase

Cumulative Target

Cumulative Target

for Phase II

for Phase III

(2013-17)

(2017-22)

1,100 MW

4,000 MW

20,000 MW

200 MW

1,000 MW

2,000 MW

7 million sq.m.

15 million sq. m.

20 million sq. m.

I (2010-13)

Grid Solar Power incl. Roof Top

Off. Grid Solar Applications (inc. Rural Solar Lights)

Solar Collectors

JNNSM Road Map 25000 20000

20000 15000

Grid solar power (MW) Off-grid Application (MW)

10000 5000 0

4000

1000 200 Phase 1

2000

1000 Phase 2

25 Phase 3

20 20

20

Solar thermal collector (million sq.m.) Solar lighting (million)

15 10 5

10 10 7 5

0 Phase 1

Phase 2

Phase 3

A

B

C

Grid Connected Power Plants

Off-Grid Applications

Solar Thermal collectors

First stage

Second Stage

1,100 MW

20,000 MW

~ Rs. 16500 crores

~ Rs. 3,00,000 crores

200 MW

2,000 MW

Rs. 5,000 crores

Rs. 50000 crores

7 million meter square

20 million meter square

Rs. 7000 crores

Rs. 20,000 crores

http://www.mnre.gov.in/solar-mission/jnnsm



Use of Renewable Energy technologies



Solar PV lighting remains the most preferred option



A target of coverage of 10, 000 villages and hamlets has been set for the 2007-2012



4,589 villages have been taken up by 15 January, 2011.

Ref: http://indiaenergycongress.in/iec2012/ieb2012/ieb2012.pdf

Locally available

Scalable systems Environment friendly Freely available

Ability to provide power in remote area Competitive with the effective price of diesel based power for Telecom towers

80 70

Japan

Germany

US

Spain

Italy

China

Generation

60 50 40

Rest of World

30 20 10 0 2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011



Total installation of 695.4 MW had been completed by November 1, 2012



An increase to 1,000 MW is expected to be completed by 2013

Ref: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gujarat_Solar_Park#cite_note-livemint-6



Tenders – A total of 84 developers have registered to build a total of 1000 MW, from 1 to 40 MW



Parks are located in various locations in Gujarat



One of them is Charanka Solar Park, a group of 17 thin-film photovoltaic (PV) power systems, on a 2,000-hectare (4,900-acre) site in the district of Patan



The Solar Park will produce 214 MW of photovoltaic solar capacity

600 MW of solar power plant will save around 

8 million tonnes of carbon dioxide (CO2) from being released into the atmosphere



Which is equivalent to 2.79 million tonnes of coal per year.

No Green House Gasses

Price Stability

Infinite Free Energy

Decentralized Power

Saving Livelihood

Better Job Opportunities

To conceptualize the system

Designing electric system for efficient power utilization

Development of Energy storage system

Implementation of energy efficient system

Manufacturing

Design & Engineering

Opportunities

Product Design

Installation & Maintenance

Research and Development

Project Development & Consultancy

Manufacturing

Construction and Installation

Operation and Maintenance

Marketing

• Semiconductor technology • Building integrated Photovoltaic • Customized project development • Project consultancy • System integration in solar PV • Low skill in module assembly • Third-party installers are not skilled • Grid integration of mega watt scale PV power projects • Trouble shooting of circuitry of appliances • Mechanical Maintenance • After sales-service, customer care • Techno-commercial analysis

With the Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission (JNNSM) scheme of the Government of India, the installed capacity is estimated to reach 20 GW by the year 2022. This would create enormous employment opportunities in the country. Sector

Estimated Current employment

Estimated projected Employment 2017 2022

Solar PV On-Grid

4,000

39,000

1,52,000

Solar PV Off-Grid

72,000

1,40,000

2,25,000

Total

76,000

1,79,000

3,77,000

Solar lantern

Solar powered satellite

Solar fly pad

Overhead PV system

Solar PV shading

Solar car

12 million hectares (12X10^4 Km2)

of 10% eff. PV systems could supply US total energy needs – fuels and electricity