19 - Real Time

ETAP Real-Time Operation Maintenance Planning

Operation Technology, Inc. Irvine, California

ETAP Real-Time Monitor Simulate Operate

Analyze Predict

Optimize Manage

Control ETAP Real -Time

ETAP Real-Time Power System Monitoring & Simulation

Energy Management System

Intelligent Load Shedding ETAP Real -Time

ETAP Real-Time Maintenance

Operations

Financial

Engineering Planning As a component of the Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) system, ETAP optimizes the exchange of information between diverse tiers of an organization while channeling domain sensitive information.

Market Solutions Š Š Š Š Š Š Š Š Š Š

Oil Refineries Oil Platforms Oil Production Fields Chemical Plants Mining Manufacturing Plants Health Care Facilities Generation Plants Data Centers Switchgear & Relay Manufacturers ETAP Real -Time

Objectives Š Optimize Operation Š Optimal Load Shedding Š Prevent Downtime Š Minimize System Losses Š Minimize Energy Costs Š Predict System Response Š Train & Assist Operators Š Prevent Outage Due to Operator Error Š Safe Operation & Avoid Penalties Š Improve Equipment Life Time Š Provide Data Accessibility ETAP Real -Time

ETAP Real-Time Users COCO

ETAP Real -Time

OTI Test Lab

ETAP Real -Time

System Architecture

ETAP Real -Time

Bring Your ETAP To Life

ETAP Real -Time

Client Server Architect

Windows 2000 / XP, Multitasking ETAP Real -Time

Protocols & Standards Š MMS

Š T103

Š ModBus

Š NetDDE

Š NetBeui

Š UCA

Š DNP

Š IPX/SPX (Netware)

Š ICCP

Š TCP/IP

Š IEC870

Š OPC

ETAP Real -Time

ETAP Real -Time

Power System Monitoring & Simulation Š Virtual Monitoring Š Advanced Monitoring Š Real-Time Simulation Š Online Control Š Event Playback Š Trending Š Alarm & Warning Š Energy Cost Analysis Power System Monitoring & Simulation

Monitoring Capabilities Š Multi-Console Server/Client Monitoring Š Graphical Monitoring via ETAP One-Line Diagram Š Visual Monitoring via Watch Windows (MMI) Š Archived (Historical) Data Retrieval / Display Š Electrical & Non-Electrical Metering Tags Š OPC Interface Layer Š Multi-Access Levels

Power System Monitoring & Simulation

Advantages of ETAP Š Intelligence Š Simple to Modify the System Š Option to Override Monitored Data Š Online Switching & Breaker Operation Š Visual Monitoring (MMI) by Watch Windows

Power System Monitoring & Simulation

Advanced Monitoring Š Š Š Š Š Š Š Š Š

State Estimator Load Estimator / Distributor Error Detection Global (Server) & Local Alarm & Warning Alarm & Warning Acknowledgement Equipment Overload Detection Over-Voltage & Under-Voltage Detection Graphical Notification via One-Line Diagrams Pinned Data (Override Monitored Data) Power System Monitoring & Simulation

Real-Time Simulation Predict System Behavior to Operator Actions ª Open/Close Circuit Breakers ª Reject Generators ª Load Impact & Ramping ª Accelerate Motors ª Protective Device Sequence-of-Operation

Conduct Engineering Analysis ª Using Actual Operating Loading, Generation, & Configuration Power System Monitoring & Simulation

Event Playback Š Replay Archived Historian Data Š Improve Operator Knowledge Š Predict System Behavior On-Demand Š Investigate Cause & Effect Š Explore Alternative Actions Š Replay “What If” Scenarios

Power System Monitoring & Simulation

Energy Management System Š Intelligent Energy Management Š Demand-Site Management Š Automatic Generation Control Š System Optimization & Automation

Energy Management System

Energy Management System Real-Time Data

Optimization Requirements

EMS

System Control

System Topology Energy Management System

Energy Management System Š Auto Control Overload, OverVoltage & UnderVoltage Š Auto Control Generation, LTC, Shunt Capacitor, … Š Generation MW & Mvar Averaging with $ Constraints Š Minimize System Losses Š Peak Shaving Š Minimize Mvar & Power Factor Penalties Š Active Inhibition & Permissive Control of Load & Generation Š Optimize Spin Reserve Š Maximize Voltage Security Index Š … Energy Management System

Energy Management System Optimization Control Š Optimization Objectives Š Bus Voltage Constraints Š Branch Flow Constraints Š Control Movement Constraints Š User-Definable Constraints (Macros) Š Energy Costs (Generation & Exchange Power) Energy Management System

Energy Management System

Savings Š Reduce Energy Costs Š Reduce Peak MWh Costs Š Reduce Mvar / Power Factor Penalties Š Improve System Operation & Stability Š Increase Equipment Life Time Š Increase System Capacity

Energy Management System

Intelligent Load Shedding Š Fast Load Shedding Action Š Optimal Circuit Breaker Combinations

Intelligent Load Shedding

Intelligent Load Shedding Why Load Shed ª Total or Partial Loss of Energy Source (Generators and/or Utility Connections) ª Electrical Disturbances

Consequences of Improper Load Shed ª Shed Too Much Load (Loss of Critical Process) ª Total Loss of Production ª Safety & Environmental Concerns ª $$$ Intelligent Load Shedding

Intelligent Load Shedding Objective ª Shed Minimum Load Dependencies ª ª ª ª ª ª ª ª

Disturbance Type & Location Generation Level Spin Reserve System Configuration System Loading Load Distribution Operation Constraints Individual Circuit Breaker Loading Intelligent Load Shedding

Intelligent Load Shedding How to Achieve Objectives ª Fast Load Shedding (less than 100ms) ª Optimal Combinations of Loads (CBs) ª Neural Network + Direct Logic ª Knowledge Base ª Direct User-Definable Logic ª Multiple Subsystems Intelligent Load Shedding

ILS Knowledge Base Š Hundreds of TS Studies Stored Š System Knowledge is Never Lost

Intelligent Load Shedding

Intelligent Load Shedding ILS vs. Frequency Relay LS

Intelligent Load Shedding

Intelligent Load Shedding ILS vs. Frequency Relay LS

Intelligent Load Shedding

Intelligent Load Shedding Key Features Š Š Š Š Š Š Š

User-Defined Load Priority User-Defined Load Groups Unlimited Load Shedding Schedules Operator Friendly Interface On-Line Testing to Validate ILS Actions User-Defined Trigger Inhibition Operator Alerts Intelligent Load Shedding

Optimal CB Combination

Load MW

Shed Load

Req. to Shed

16.00 ILS Group1

7.22 2.00 4.57

ILS Group2

3.25

PLC Based

7.22 2.00 4.57 8.23

17.04

-1.04

22.02

-6.02

Intelligent Load Shedding

ILS Operator Friendly Interface Operator Display ª Load MW ª Loads to Shed ª Spinning Reserve ª Required Load to Shed ª Active Triggers

Unlimited Load Shedding Schedules Intelligent Load Shedding

ILS Load Shed Verification

Intelligent Load Shedding

ILS Configuration

Intelligent Load Shedding

ILS Normal Operation

ILS Server

Intelligent Load Shedding

PLC Based Backup Operation System Data

X Frequency Relay

ILS Server Intelligent Load Shedding

ILS Response Response to Mechanical & Electrical Disturbances ª Generator Breaker Trip ª Utility Main Breaker Trip ª Fuel Availability ª Process Alarms ª Faults in the System ª Spinning Reserve Availability ª User-Customizable Triggers Intelligent Load Shedding

ETAP Real-Time Users

COCO

ETAP Real -Time