15_Geographical Information System

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Geographical Information System

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GEOGRAPHICAL

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INFORMATION

Cept University --Ahmedabad Ahmedabad

The science of Earth’s physical features, resources, climate, o ulation et etc.

I F

Descriptive 

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Mountain  /Hill

R

•GEO + GRAPHY GEO = Earth

M

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House

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Tree

T I O N

Graphical

SYSTEM

What is the s ecialt of GIS? Facilitat Facil itates es fast faster er roces rocesss of o erat erations ions Provides solut Provides solution ion for man real worl world d roble roblems ms with options of many scenarios Decision making tool with the support of organized data Integrating technology Dynamic map display and interactive query

Technologies that support GIS  

Photogrammetry artograp y

anua

utomate

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Positioning technology

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Geodesy/Surveying/Mapping

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Internet GIS

What GIS can do? What GI GIS ca can do?

Real world pr problems

Identification

Where ?

Locate

What is there?

Trends

What if ?

Patterns

What has changed ?

Models

What is the best route?

Identification and Location Trends

Models

Concepts of GIS

How GIS work?

Defining GIS 

Toolbox based definitions

- set o too s - a s stem - an information information inform ation system system 

for capturing, storing, retrieving, analyzing and displaying which are spatially referenced to earth

GIS terminology 

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A powerful set of tools for collecting, storing, , spatial data from the real world (Burroughs)

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A co com m ut uter eriz ized ed s st stem em th that at ro rovi vide dess ad adva vanc nced ed capabilities for the processing and interpretation .

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Geographical Information System Geographical Information Science Geoinformatics Geomatics S atial information s stem Geospatial systems Land information system …….

1989

TIGER, NCGIA & MGE S/W

1987

IJGIS, SPANS S/W & IDRISI S/W MAPI MA PINF NFO O S/ S/W W & Fi Firs rstt PG PGIS IS bo book  ok 

ESRI, Intergraph and Laserscan, first commercial setups US Bureau of Census DIME data format &ECU in London 1979

1966

1981

ESRI launched ARC/INFO

ODYSSEY GIS, the first modern vector GIS ,

Harvard Lab for CGSA by Howard Fisher 1964 1963

GRASS GIS s/w

1980-1990

1967 SYMAP (Synagraphic Mapping System)

1985

CGIS (Roger Tomlinson) -analyze Canada's national land inventory, - a eg nn ng Roger Tomlinson

1977

The USGS developed DLG spatial data format

1976

Minnesota Land Management Information System

1972

IBM's GFIS (Geographic Information Systems)

1960-1970

eyon 1999

Internet

1998

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1997

GIS

Mobile GIS

Location based services

1996

Open

1992

AAA

access to satellite images (ex. Google Earth)

+ Software + Dataware

1991-2000 Multi Multi--

Media GIS Expanding GIS potential PC GIS Maguire, Goodchild, & Rhind's, the GIS Big Book published

Human--ware Human -ware =

Hardware Type of Computer Platforms Modest Personnel Computers Minicomputers Mainframe computers In ut Dev Deviices Scanners Digitizers Keyboard Graphic Monitor Output Devices

Input Modules Editing MRP Manipulation/ Analysis Modules Modeling Capability Capability,, output generation presentation & visualization

Att ttri ribu bute te Da Datta S at atia iall Data Remote Sensing a a o a a a ase

Live ware Trained responsible for digitizing,

THANK YOU