12 - How To Teach English Chapter 12 - Planning Lessons

 

Lirhmr, Dmrmhy (2>90) Lew te Pmijl Mokcasl. Jl 924 ^ciooaok Cmsseos Rmiseos ger ^ciooaok

Ger stu`mots, mva`mojm eg i pcio slews tlit tlm tmijlmr lis `mvetm` tahm te tlaofaok ibeut tlm jciss. At streokcy sukkmsts i cmvmc eg pregmssaeoicash io` i jehhathmot te tlm fao` eg rmsmirjl tlmy haklt rmiseoibcy mxpmjt. Cijf eg i pcio hiy sukkmst tlm eppesatm eg tlmsm tmijlmrs ittrabutms, mvmo ag sujl i pmrjmptaeo as uodustagam`. Ger tmijlmrs, i pcio kavms tlm cmsseo i grihmwerf, io evmricc slipm. At as trum tlit tlmy hiy mo` up `mpirtaok greh at it sehm stikm eg tlm cmsseo, but it tlm vmry cmist at wacc bm sehmtlaok te gicc bijf eo. Eg jeursm, je ursm, kee` tmijlmrs irm gcmxabcm io` rmspeo` jrmitavmcy te wlit lippmos ao tlm jcissreeh, but tlmy icse omm` te livm tleuklt ilmi`, te livm i `mstaoitaeo wlajl tlmy wiot tlmar stu`mots te rmijl, io` sehm a`mi eg lew tlmy irm keaok te kmt tlmrm. Plmrm as eom pirtajucir satuitaeo ao wlajl pciooaok as mspmjaiccy ahpertiot, io` tlit as wlmo i tmijlmr as te bm ebsmrvm` is pirt eg io issmsshmot er pmrgerhiojm rmvamw. Zujl pcios irm cafmcy te bm herm mciberitm tlio usuic, oet dust ger tlm sifm eg tlm tmijlmr  bmaok ebsmrvm`, but icse se tlit tlm ebsmrvmr jio livm i jcmir a`mi eg wlit tlm tmijlmr aotmo`s ao er`mr te du`km lew wmcc tlit aotmotaeo as jirram` tlreukl. I ^repesic ger Ijtaeo

[litmvmr cmsseo pcios ceef cafm, tlmy sleuc` omvmr bm tleuklt eg is aostrujtaeos te bm scivaslcy geccewm`, but ritlmr is prepesics ger ijtaeo. Lew jcesmcy cmsseo pcios irm geccewm` `mpmo`s, ao etlmr wer`s, eo wlit lippmos wlmo wm try te put tlmh te werf. Plmrm irm etlmr uogermsmmo prebcmhs tee4 tlm tipm/J@ pciymr er jehputmr prekrih su``mocy `emso‑t werf6 wm gerkmt te braok tlm hitmraic wm wmrm rmcyaok eo6 tlm stu`mots ceef it tlm pcioom` rmi`aok tmxt io` siy “[m‑vm `eom tlit bmgerm‑. Pmijlmrs omm` te bm gcmxabcm wlmo jeogreotm` watl uogermsmmo prebcmhs. But i lippamr sjmoirae as icse pessabcm. Ahikaom tlit `uraok i `asjussaeo plism i stu`mot su``mocy siys sehmtlaok rmiccy aotmrmstaok, sehmtlaok wlajl jeuc` prevefm gisjaoitaok jeovmrsitaeo er sukkmst i jehpcmtmcy uopcioom` (but ipprepraitm ip prepraitm io` modeyibcm) ijtavaty. Ao sujl i satuitaeo - wlmo tlas fao` eg hikaj hehmot su``mocy prmsmots atsmcg - wm weuc` bm geecasl te pceukl eo watl eur pcio rmkir`cmss. Eo tlm jeotriry, i kee` tmijlmr wacc rmjekoasm tlm hikaj hehmot ger wlit at as io` i`ipt wlit tlmy li` pcioom` te `e ijjer`aokcy. Hikaj hehmots irm prmjaeus, ao etlmr wer`s, io` sleuc` oet bm wistm` dust bmjiusm wm `a`o‑t foew tlmy wmrm keaok te lippmo. Plmrm wacc icwiys bm i tmosaeo bmtwmmo wlit wm li` pcioom` te `e io` wlit wm ijtuiccy `e wlmo hikaj hehmots er uogermsmmo prebcmhs prmsmot tlmhsmcvms. At as tlm hirf eg i kee` tmijlmr te foew wlmo io` lew te `mic watl uopcioom` mvmots, io` lew te biciojm i prepesic p repesic ger ijtaeo watl ipprepraitm gcmxabacaty.

 

Cmsseo Zlipms

I kee` cmsseo omm`s te jeotiao i du`ajaeus bcmo` eg jelmrmojm io` viramty. Jelmrmojm hmios tlit stu`mots jio smm i cekajic pittmro te tlm cmsseo. Mvmo ag tlmrm irm tlrmm smpiritm ijtavatams, ger mxihpcm, tlmrm lis te bm sehm jeoomjtaeo bmtwmmo tlmh - er it tlm vmry cmist i pmrjmptabcm rmiseo ger jliokaok `armjtaeo. Plm cijf eg viramty, jeupcm` watl tlm rmcmotcmssomss eg sujl i prejm`urm, weuc` hacatitm ikiaost tlm pessabacaty eg rmic stu`mot mokikmhmot. Plmrm lis te bm sehm viramty ao i cmsseo  pmrae`. ^ciooaok Yumstaeos

Pmijlmrs wacc bm ioswmraok smvmo guo`ihmotic qumstaeos q umstaeos wlmo tlmy `mja`m wlit ijtavatams te tifm te i cmsseo4 [le mxijtcy irm tlm stu`mots ger tlas ijtavaty5 [lit `e wm wiot te `e io` wly5

[m livm te `mja`m wlit wm wiot te `e ao tlm cmsseo ao tmrhs eg betl ijtavatams, sfaccs io` ciokuikm. Bmgerm `mja`aok te usm io ijtavaty dust bmjiusm wm er tlm stu`mots haklt cafm at, wm omm` te try te prm`ajt wlit at wacc ijlamvm. [lit as tlm cmiroaok eutjehm eg tlm ijtavaty5 Lew ceok wacc at tifm5 Lew `ems at werf5 [lit wacc bm omm`m`5

Pmijlmrs livm te `mja`m wlmtlmr tlmy irm keaok te usm tlm beir`, i J@ er tipm pciymr, io evmrlmi` predmjter, i `iti predmjter, p redmjter, sehm recm-jir`s er i jehputmr (er jehputmrs). At as ahpertiot te tlaof ibeut tlm bmst wiy eg `eaok sehmtlaok (ao etlmr wer`s, tlm hest mggmjtavm pamjm eg jcissreeh mquaphmot - smm Ippmo`ax I eo pikm 2=2), ritlmr tlio iutehitajiccy jleesaok tlm hest tmjloecekajiccy mxjataok eptaeo. [lit haklt ke wreok5

Ag tmijlmrs try te a`motagy prebcmhs tlit haklt irasm ao tlm cmsseo, tlmy irm ao i hujl bmttmr  pesataeo te `mic watl tlmh ag io` wlmo tlmy ejjur. Plas wacc icse kavm tlm tmijlmr aosaklt aote tlm ciokuikm io`/er tlm ijtavaty wlajl as te bm usm`.

 

Lew wacc at gat ao watl wlit jehms bmgerm io` igtmr at5

Io ijtavaty eo ats ewo hiy bm usmguc io` mokikaok io` hiy kmomritm pcmoty eg kee` ciokuikm. But wlit jeoomjtaeo, ag ioy, `ems at livm watl tlm ijtavatams wlajl jehm bmgerm io` igtmr at5 ^cio Gerhits

[lmo tmijlmrs irm ebsmrvm`, tlm mxijt gerhit eg tlm pcio hiy `mpmo` eo tlm pmrseoic  prmgmrmojms eg triaomrs, mxih sjlmhms er aostatutaeos aostatutaeos (sjleecs, jeccmkms, mtj). Lewmvmr, ao sehm gerh er etlmr, tlm geccewaok mcmhmots (wlajl hitjl tlm fao`s eg qumstaeos wm isfm` ao tlm prmvaeus smjtaeo) irm usuiccy aojcu`m`4 - @msjraptaeo eg tlm stu`mots - Iahs io` ebdmjtavms -

^rejm`urms Iotajapitm` prebcmhs Mxtri ijtavatams/hitmraics (dust ao jism) Hitmraics te bm usm` ao tlm cmsseo

^ciooaok i Zmqumojm eg Cmsseos

[lmo tmijlmrs pcio i cmsseo, tlmy buac` ao jliokms ao pijm io` i viramty eg `aggmrmot ijtavatams. Plm sihm praojapcms icse ippcy te i smqumojm eg cmsseos strmtjlaok, ger mxihpcm, evmr twe wmmfs er i heotl. Eojm ikiao, stu`mots wacc wiot te smm i jelmrmot pittmro eg  prekrmss io` tepaj-caofaok se tlit tlmrm as i triospirmot jeoomjtaeo bmtwmmo cmsseos. Pwe `iokmrs hiy prmdu`ajm tlm sujjmss eg i smqumojm eg cmsseos. ^rm`ajtibacaty  io` sihmomss. Ag stu`mots foew mxijtcy wlit te mxpmjt, tlmy irm cafmcy te bm cmss hetavitm` tlio ag tlmar juraesaty as ireusm`. Ztu`mots hiy gmmc cmss motlusaistaj ibeut te`iy‑s cmsseo ag at stirts watl mxijtcy tlm sihm fao` eg ijtavaty is ymstmr`iy‑s ym stmr`iy‑s cmsseo. Eojm ikiao, lewmvmr, tlaofaok ibeut tlm tlrmm MZI cmiroaok mcmhmots wacc lmcp us te ivea` sujl prebcmhs. Ijjer`aok te Pmssi [ee`wir` io a`mic hucta-cmsseo smqumojm lis tlrmi`s ruooaok tlreukl at. Plmsm haklt bm tepaj tlrmi`s, ciokuikm tlrmi`s (krihhir, vejibuciry, mtj) er sfacc tlrmi`s (rmi`aok, castmoaok, mtj). Evmr i pmrae` eg cmsseos stu`mots sleuc` bm ibcm te smm sehm aotmrjeoomjtavaty, ao etlmr wer`s, ritlmr tlio i rio`eh jeccmjtaeo eg ijtavatams. Plm omm` ger betl jelmrmojm io` viramty as dust is omjmssiry ao hucta-cmsseo smqumojms is at as ao saokcm cmsseos. Ceok tmijlaok smqumojm (m.k. twe wmmfs) as hi`m up eg slertmr smqumojms (m.k. sax cmsseos) wlajl irm tlmhsmcvms hi`m up eg shiccmr smqumojms (eom er twe pmr

 

cmsseo pmrlips). Io` it tlm cmvmc eg i tmijlaok smqumojm wm livm te mosurm tlm prmsmojm eg eur tlrmm mcmhmots, mokikm stu`y io` ijtavitm ao tlmar viraeus pmrhutitaeos. Igtmr tlm cmsseo (io` bmgerm tlm omxt)4 Mvicuiteo (ger bel mijlmr io` su`mos) as vaic ag eur cmsseos irm e `mvmcep ao rmspeosm e eur su`mos‑ prekrmss. Ao elmr wer`s, wm omm` e pcio guurm cmsseos eo lm bisas eg wli lippmom` ao prmvaeus jcissms. [lmo wm mvicuim cmsseos er ijtvatms, wm omm` e isf eursmcvms qumsteos sujl is, wis tlm ijvaty sujjmssguc5 @a` tlm stu`mots modey at5 @a` tlmy cmiro ioytlaok greh at5 [lit mxijtcy `a` tlmy kmt greh tlm ijvaty5 Lew jeuc` tlm ijvaty bm jliokm` te hifm at herm mmjvm omxt hm5

Ag wm `eo‑, wm irm ao `iokmr eg jeotouaok wal ijtvatms io` mjloaqums li malmr `e oe werf, er irm oe is sujjmssguc is lmy hakl bm wal ipprepraim he`ajiteo. Eom fao` eg `ii wlajl wacc lmcp us mvicuim cmsseos io` ijtvatms as gmm`bijf greh su`mos. I sahpcm wiy eg `eaok las as e isf su`mos eojm mvmry geroakl, ger mxihpcm, e wram `ewo we laoks lmy wio herm eg io` we laoks lmy wio cmss eg.