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A Student’s Solutions Manual to Accompany
THERMODYNAMICS THERMODYNAMICS for ENGINEERS KENNETH A. KROOS MERLE C. POTTER
STUDENT'S SOLUTIONS MANUAL TO
ACCOMPANY
THERMODYNAMICS for ENGINEERS FIRST EDITION
KENNETH A. KROOS MERLE C. POTTER
CONTENTS Chapter
Page
PREFACE ....................................................................................
IV
1. BASIC CONCEPTS AND SYSTEMS OF UNITS ..................................................1 2. PROPERTIES OF PURE SUBSTANCES .........................................................5 3. THE FIRST LAW FOR SYSTEMS............................................................ 20 4. THE FIRST LAW APPLIED TO CONTROL VOLUMES.........................................33 5. THE SECOND LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS.................................................48 6. ENTROPY ................................................................................ 54 7. THERMODYNAMIC RELATIONS ............................................................ 69 8. THE RANKINE POWER CYCLE ............................................................ 79 9. GAS POWER CYCLES .................................................................... 100 10. REFRIGERATION CYCLES ............................................................... 120 11. MIXTURES AND PSYCHROMETRICS ...................................................... 127 12. COMBUSTION ......................................................................... 143
Preface
This manual provides the solutions to those problems in THERMODYNAMICS for Engineers that have answers included in the back of the textbook. In many cases, the solutions are not as detailed as the examples in the book; they are intended to provide the primary steps in each solution so a student is able to quickly review how a problem is solved, although it is very important that the student first attempt a solution before viewing the solution in this manual. The discussion of a subtle point, should one exist in a particular problem, is left as a task for the instructor. In general, some knowledge of a problem may be needed to fully understand all of the steps presented. This manual is not intended to be a self-paced workbook; the instructor is critically needed to provide explanations, discussions, and illustrations of the myriad of phenomena encountered in the study of thermodynamics. The degree of difficulty and length of solution for each problem varies considerably. Some are relatively easy and others quite difficult. This allows for flexibility in assignments or in practice sessions. Typically, the easier problems are the first problems for a particular section. A number of the problems have a design aspect. We continue to include a number of multiple-choice problems, similar to those encountered on the Fundamentals of Engineering Exam and the GRE/Engineering Exam. These problems will provide students with a review for the Thermodynamics part of those exams. They are all four-part, multiple-choice problems and are located at the beginning of the appropriate chapters. Not all discipline exams (e.g., E.E. and C.E.) that make up the FE Exam include problems on Thermodynamics. The examples and problems have been carefully solved with the hope that errors have not been introduced. Even though extreme care is taken and problems are reworked, errors creep in. We would appreciate knowing about any errors that you may find in this manual or the textbook. They can be eliminated in the future. We have class tested most of the chapters with good response from our students, but we are sure that there are improvements to be made. Suggestions for changes and improvements are welcomed; send any corrections or comments to
[email protected] or
[email protected].
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Kenneth A. Kroos
East Lansing, Michigan
Merle C. Potter
iv
