10 DOH programs.ppt

10 DOH PROGRAMS Prepared by: DHONNALYN A. CABALLERO, RN

1)National Safe Motherhood Program Target Clients – pregnant women - safety of the mother and the child Services during the Pre-natal visits: - Physical examination - Laboratory examination (urinalysis & hemoglobin det.) - Giving of iron or ferrous sulfate - Tetanus Toxoid Immunization - Counseling on proper nutrition, prenatal & neonatal care,proper hygiene, breastfeeding, early psycho-social stimulation of the baby, etc.

IMPORTANCE OF PRE-NATAL VISITS:

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Early assessment & detection of high risk factors Early prevention, monitoring and treatment of HR factors Ensuring safe delivery and a healthy baby Getting correct advise on proper care during pregnancy, preparing for delivery.

Schedule of Pre-natal visits in the health centers

1st

to 7th month – once a month 8th month – twice a month 9th month - weekly

Immunization schedule of Tetanus toxoid for childbearing women of age, including pregnant women

DOSE

SCHEDULE

TT 1

At first contact, or as early as possible during preg.

TT 2

4 wks after TT 1

TT 3

6 to 12 mos. aftr TT2 or during subsequent preg 1 to 3 yrs. After TT3 or during subsequent preg 1 to 5 yrs. After TT4 or during subsequent preg

TT 4 TT 5

Relationship b/w TT dose & duration of protection

Dose

Minimum interval

% protected

Duration of protection

TT1

-

-

-

TT2

4 wks

80 %(60-90)

3 yrs

TT3

6 months

95 %

5 yrs

TT4

1 yr

99%

10 yrs

TT5

1 yr

99%

Life long

 If

a mother has received 2 doses of Tetanus Toxoid Immunization she is considered FULLY IMMUNIZED MOTHER (FIM)

High Risk Pregnancies Too young – less than 18 yrs. old  Too old - more than 34 years old  Too many – more than 4 children  Too close – less than 3 years interval  Getting pregnant while sick with chronic diseases like TB or Malaria or with Iron Deficiency. 

2) Family Planning/ReproductiveHealth Program

Target clients – women of reproductive age (WRAs) aged 15-49 years old. Helping couples achieved their desired family size in the context of responsible parenthood. Health intervention program of DOH to promote overall health of women & children Contributes to the reduction of maternal & infant deaths in the country.

Services: FP

counseling Physical examination Provision of FP methods using cafeteria approach.

FP Methods Permanent

( Vasectomy and Bilateral Tubal

Ligation) Temporary ( pill, iud, dmpa/injectables, condom, fertility awareness- based methods )

3) BREASTFEEDING TSEK   

PROMOTION OF EXCLUSIVE BREASTFEEDING STRENGTHENED THE MILK CODE (Executive Order No. 51) •

a law which protects and promote breastfeeding.

KEY POINTS: It

is the most nutritious & the cheapest form of infant feeding. Mother’s milk contains colostrum which has antibodies that protect the baby from sickness. It is the best natural means of feeding, available anytime & does not get spoiled. Breast milk protects the baby against viruses, bacteria & allergy. Strengthens mother-child bonding because it: Promotes the feeling of security in the child Makes the child feel loved and wanted Helps develop & heighten the child’s senses Frequent breastfeeding delays the return of menses & helps to protect from another pregnancy.

COMMON PROBLEMS WITH BREASTFEEDING:

Engorged breast/mastitis Soreness/swollen nipples Inverted nipples.

4) Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI) OBJECTIVE: To reduce morbidity & mortality       

among infants and children caused by the 7 childhood immunizable diseases: diptheria pertussis measles hepatitis B tetanus tuberculosis polio

Table 1.Routine Immunization Vaccine

Age

Dosage

Route

Site

1.BCG

At birth/sch.entrants

.05ml/.01ml

ID

R deltoid of the arm/L deltoid(sch.)

2.DPT

6,10,14 wks

.5ml(3 doses)

IM

Upper outer portion of the anterior thigh

-do-

IM

Upper outer portion of the anterior thigh

3 drps(3 Doses)

oral

mouth

.5ml

SQ

Outer part of the upper arm

3. Hep B 4. OPV 5.Measles

AT BIRTH 6, 10, 14 weeks 9 months

What is Fully Immunized Child (FIC) 

A Fully Immunized Child (FIC) in EPI shall mean a child who has 1 BCG,3 DPT,3 OPV,3 Hepa B & 1 MV given at the right intervals by the time he reaches 12 months old (revised in 1996)  Wednesday

– has been declared nationwide as Immunization Day.

5) NATIONAL TUBERCULOSIS CONTROL PROGRAM

Infectious disease usually affecting the lungs caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis.  Transmitted from TB patients through coughing  Most common sign is cough lasting for 2 weeks or more.  Diagnosed through sputum examination 

Strategy: Directly Observed Treatment Short DOTS)

Course Chemotheraphy (TB-

What DOTS can do? Will cure TB patients (high cure rate as high as 95%) Prevents new infections among children & adults Prevents resistance to Anti-TB Drugs No hospitalization required Saves money

6) LEPROSY CONTROL PROGRAM Disease

affecting the skin caused by Mycobacterium Laprae or Leprosy Bacilli. Early signs: Changes in skin Loss of feeling on the lesions of the skin Decrease or even loss of sweating, and hairgrowth over the skin lesions Thickened or painful nerves in neck, forearm, near elbow & at back of knees Weakness of limbs

Treatment & Management of Leprosy  Multi-Drug Therapy Benefits of Early Treatment:

Cured within a shorter period  Will not be able to infect other susceptible members of the household  Prevent the progress of skin lesions in the body.  Prevent nerve damage leading to deformities.  Prevent relapse & resistance to drugs. 

7) Cardio-Vascular Disease Control Program Healthy Life-Style Practices among Filipinos thru the promotion of the following:

Anti-Smoking Proper Diet Regular Exercise Iwas Stress Activities: Case finding – BP Taking Referral 

8) Philippine Cancer Control Program

OBJECTIVE: Morbidity and mortality rates from cancer are reduced. Cancer -largely considered a lifestyle disease. Males -lungs, liver and prostate Females - breast, cervix and lungs Children -leukemias, lymphomas

Services: Counselling patient on: - tobacco use cessation - diet modification & moderate  alcohol consumption  Cancer screening  Breast Examination  Pap smear screening  Hepa B vaccination among infants 

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Establish support care program for cancer patients.

9) Diabetes Control Program Diabetes – condition where there is poor activity or decrease production of a hormone called insulin resulting in an increase in blood sugar. 4 out of 100 Filipinos are diabetics Higher in urban than in rural areas 63% are unaware that they had diabetes No known cure for diabetes.

4 Levels of Diabetes Prevention: 1) (-) risk (+) disease – primordial 2) (+) risk (-) disease – primary ( educated & encouraged in promoting & maintaining healthy lifestyle) 3) (+) risk (+) disease – secondary ( they will be educated on proper self-care to prevent complications) 4) (+) disease (+) complications – tertiary be provided with adequate access to rehabilitation services & referrals to facilities with specialist.

10) Dengue Control Program Dengue - a viral infection characterized by sudden onset of fever which would last for 2 - 7 days. Types of dengue:  dengue fever  dengue hemorrhagic fever  undifferentiated fever Carriers:

1) Aedes Aegypti - primary vector of the disease - prefers to breed indoor in artificial container 2) Aedes Albopictus - most common in rural areas - secondary vector of dengue - prefers to breed outside

PREVENTION AND CONTROL:

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Environmental Management Biological control Chemical control Personal protection Space spray applications