05 Cell Range

LTE FDD Coverage Planning - Cell Range

Index  LTE/EPC Overview  LT LTE E Air Interface Inter face   Air Interface Overheads Overheads  RR overview  LTE Lin! "#dget  Radio Planning – Coverage Planning Cell Range  Radio Planning $ Ca%acit&  LTE Perfor'ance (i'#lations  )o!ia LTE (ol#tion  Initial Para'eters Planning

Index  LTE/EPC Overview  LT LTE E Air Interface Inter face   Air Interface Overheads Overheads  RR overview  LTE Lin! "#dget  Radio Planning – Coverage Planning Cell Range  Radio Planning $ Ca%acit&  LTE Perfor'ance (i'#lations  )o!ia LTE (ol#tion  Initial Para'eters Planning

Module Objectives

+ After  After co'%leting this this 'od#le, the %artici%ant %artici%ant will e ale to. to. + Descrie Descrie the  the 'ain %ro%agation 'odels + Calc#late the cell range + Co'%are the cell range of LTE with with other technologies

Coverage Dimensioning

+ Propagation Models/ Cell Range Calculation + Coverage Calc#lation + E0a'%le. (ervice De%endent Coverage + Co'%arison. LTE vs1 other technologies

Propagation Modelling Propagation modeling belongs to the technology independent area !ood propagation modeling is crucial "or exact net#or$ planning and dimensioning %o$ia recommendations& + Chec!s sho#ld e 'ade to ens#re that the digital terrain 'a% 3DT4 is #%-to-date and is acc#rate in ter's of cl#tter, vectors, and gro#nd height1 The DT resol#tion sho#ld e ao#t 25 ' for #ran and s##ran areas and ao#t 5 ' for r#ral areas1 + The n#'er of cl#tter categories sho#ld e a%%ro0i'atel& 651 + If an o%erator s%ecifies the %ro%agation 'odel, then the res#lts sho#ld e co'%ared with those generated & an )o!ia 'odel to identif& an& significant differences1 + "#ilding vectors sho#ld e #sed if the radio networ! %lan incl#des 'icro cells with antenna which are elow the roof-to%1 + RF 'eas#re'ents #sed to t#ne a %ro%agation 'odel sho#ld e ased #%on at least eight sites, with a f#rther two sites 'eas#red for s#se7#ent 'odel validation1 Drive ro#tes sho#ld e %lanned to re'ain within the * d" ea' width of the antenna and sho#ld avoid elevated sections of road, t#nnels or c#ttings1 The drive ro#te sho#ld incl#de a alance of line-of-site and non-line-of-site locations1 + eas#re'ent data sho#ld e filtered, inned and anal&8ed %rior to co'%leting t#ning1 Each cl#tter t&%e sho#ld have at least 55 data sa'%les after inning1 The 'ost a%%ro%riate t&%e of %ro%agation 'odels sho#ld e deter'ined d#ring the t#ning %roced#re1 After t#ning, the 'odels sho#ld e validated and %eriodicall& a#dited1

Propagation Models •

E'%irical

 An e7#ation ased on e0tensive e'%irical 'eas#re'ents is created1 Those 'odels can e #sed onl& in the environ'ents si'ilar to the e0a'ined one1 The s'all changes in the environ'ent characteristic can ca#se enor'o#s errors in the %rediction of wave %ro%agation1 •

•

(e'i-e'%irical

Co'ination of e'%irical and deter'inistic 'odels 3e1g1 e'%irical CO(T ;ata can e co'ined with the theoretical !nife edge 'odel41

Deter'inistic :ave %ro%agation is descried & 'eans of ra&s travelling etween trans'itted and receiving antenna and co'ing in to reflections, scattering, diffractions, etc 1 Those 'ethods, generall& ased on ra& o%tical techni7#es, give a ver& acc#rate descri%tion of the wave %ro%agation #t re7#ire a large co'%#tation ti'e1

Propagation Models used in %o$ia tools +

O$umura'(ata

- The 'ost co''onl& #sed statistical 'odel +

)al"ish'I$egami

- (tatistical 'odel es%eciall& for #ran environ'ents +

=##l-)&hol'

- (a'e !ind of a %rediction tool as ;ata, #t with different e7#ation for %redictions e&ond radio hori8on 3>25!'4

+

Ra&-tracing

- Deter'inistic %rediction tool for 'icrocell#lar environ'ents

 (   t    a  t   i    s   t   i    c   a l  

 ⇒

 t    o  b   e  t    u n  e  d  !  

D  e  t    e r  ' i   n i    s   t   i    c 

*pplicability o" the O$umura'(ata and )al"isch'I$egami propagation models O!#'#ra-;ata

:alfisch-I!ega'i

Fre7#enc& Range

65 ;8 to 615 @;8 61 to 215 @;8

?55 ;8 to 215 @;8

e)ode" Antenna ;eight

*5 to 255 ' aove roof-to%

E Antenna ;eight

6 to 65 '

Range

6 to 25 !'

*5 ' to 9 !'

 A%%licale to

acrocells

acrocells

 to 5 '  A%%licailit& of the O!#'#ra-;ata aove roof-to%

and :alfisch-I!ega'i %ro%agation 'odels 6 to * '

Propagation Models – O$umura'(ata + CO,- (ata model +In order to fit the O!#'#ra-;ata 'odel into the o%eration fre7#encies of *@, so'e additional 'eas#re'ents and ad#st'ents were done in the fra'ewor! of E#ro%ean Coo%eration in the Field of (cientific  Technical Research 3CO(T4 +The validit& range for the e0tended 'odel.

- Fre7#enc& f. 65 ;8 $ 2555 ;8 - Distance R.

6-25 !'

- "( height h"(. 65-255' - ( height h(. 6-65' +The correction factor c %resent in the 'odel de%ends on area t&%e

Correction Factor 

 2     f     2 ⋅ log10    + 5.4  for s##ran areas =   28   4.78 ⋅ log 2 (   f   ) − 18.33 ⋅ log (   f   ) + 44.94  10 10

for r#ral areas

area type

correction factor [dB]

dense urban areas city center areas suburban areas rural areas

-3 0 12,27 32,52

Propagation Models – O$umura'(ata + CO,- (ata model

' & % + $ ⋅ log10 (#) ! 13.82 ⋅ log10 (h $ ) ! a(h M ) + "44.9 ! .55 ⋅ log10 (h $ )] ⋅ log(R) + CorrectionFactor + MorphoCorr ection

⇒

R

=

.............

9.99 150 M*+ < #  < 1500 M*+  %&  4.30 1500 M*+ < #  < 2000 M*+ 2.1 150 M*+ < #  1500 M*+  $&  33.90 1500 M*+ < #  , 2000 M*+ a(h M ) & "11⋅ log10 (#) ! 07] ⋅ h M ! [1.5 ⋅ log10 (  f  ) − 0.8]

.in$ udget Propagation Model& Modi"ied Cost012'(ata  L

  f       h     h     d   +  L =  A +  B log    − 13.82 log  BS   − a  MS   +  s log   clutter    MHz      m     m     km  

3re4uency

*



256'2566 M(7

8955

0828

2566'0666M(7

:81

119

Clutter correction -erm .clutter 

 Lclutter 

3 0    2      f            − ⋅ + 2 lg 5 . 4    =     28            2 − ( 4.78 [ lg (   f   ) ] − 18 .33 log (   f   ) +  2  − ( 4.78 [ lg (   f   ) ] − 18 .33 log (   f   ) +

;< (eight Correction 3actors a=hM,>

*12Flg3661 •  this is the site area calc#lated fro' the lin! #dget and #sing the %ro%agation 'odel •  de%ends on the n#'er of cells %er site 3t&%ical * cells %er site4 %umber o" sites due to coverage& G ,ites due to Coverage J Roundup =*rea ,i7e / ,ite *rea>

• • •