03_PROFIBUS_Design_good_practices.pdf

PROFIBUS Design and Good Practices

Webpage

Agenda PROFIBUS Family Communication Medias Topologies Cable length Devices Rules Installation Rules Troubleshooting Training

www.profibus.com.sg

PROFIBUS Family 3

ERP MES Ethernet backbone

Agenda PROFIBUS Family

DCS

Communication Medias Topologies Cable length Devices Rules Installation Rules Troubleshooting Training

1

2 3

PROFIBUS PA

4

PROFIBUS DP

5 6

7

8

…

31 3

PROFIBUS PA

4

PA coupler PA link

5 6

Author / Title of the presentation

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2

7

8

…

31

PROFIBUS Family - Principle 4

Agenda

To create hierarchy in the network, PROFIBUS defines 2 types of stations: active (masters) and passive (slaves).

PROFIBUS Family Communication Medias Topologies Cable length

master 0 1 0 1 0

commands

responses

slave

0 1 0 1 0

Devices Rules Installation Rules

network

Troubleshooting Training

 At least 1 master is mandatory.  PROFIBUS networks allow multiple masters.  In total 127 stations can be addressed (masters + slaves). Dominique Chabauty / PROFIBUS Design and good practices

Communication Medias 5

PROFIBUS Supports 3 transmission media Agenda PROFIBUS Family Communication Medias

RS 485 2-wire CU-cable for general purposes

Topologies

Fiber Optic Highest EMC protection and wide distances

Cable length Devices Rules Installation Rules Troubleshooting Training

Coupler

MBP-IS 2-wire CU-cable with the option for power over the bus and Ex-protection

Dominique Chabauty / PROFIBUS Design and good practices

Coupler

Fiber optic cable

Total Overview of the Technology 6

Installation Rules

Common Application Profiles (optional):

App. Profiles I

PROFIsafe, Time Stamp, Redundancy, etc.

Training Comm.

IEC 61158/61784

Physical Layer

RS 485 RS 485-IS

NRZ Intrinsic Safety

PROFIBUS DP Fiber Optics:

Glass Multi Mode Glass Single Mode PCF / Plastic Fiber

Dominique Chabauty / PROFIBUS Design and good practices

MBP MBP-LP MBP-IS

FDL + DPV0...V2

Manchester Bus Powered Low Power Intrinsic Safety

Descriptions (GSD, EDD) Tools (DTM, Configurators)

Troubleshooting

Integration Technologies

Devices Rules

Weighing & Dosage

Identification Systems

V2.0 and V3.0

Cable length

PROFIdrive

Topologies

SEMI

App. Profiles II

RIO for PA

Communication Medias

PA Devices

PROFIBUS Family

Encoder

Agenda

PROFIBUS DP Topologies - General 7

PROFIBUS communicates over a two wire bus structure. Agenda PROFIBUS Family

sending

listen, taking over and answering

listen

Communication Medias Topologies Cable length Devices Rules Installation Rules Troubleshooting Training

9

0 1 0 1 0

1

117

T

T

43

5 listen

listen

Devices are addressed through a network address (0..126). Devices are coupled in parallel to the bus. Devices can be hot swapped and position does not matter. Each segment is terminated at both end with an active termination Spurs should be avoided as length is very limited Dominique Chabauty / PROFIBUS Design and good practices

PROFIBUS DP Topologies - Repeaters 8

Single Repeaters

PROFIBUS Hubs

Agenda

Communication Medias Topologies Cable length

Segment 1

PROFIBUS Family

Stations

Devices Rules

Backbone

Installation Rules

Training

Segment 2

Troubleshooting

Stations Segment 1

Segment 2

Benefit: Isolate part of your network from EMC/Noise Dominique Chabauty / PROFIBUS Design and good practices

PROFIBUS DP Topologies – Fiber Optic 9

Classic Topology

Ring Topology

Agenda PROFIBUS Family Communication Medias

Fiber optic cable Coupler

Coupler

Topologies Cable length Devices Rules

Coupler

Installation Rules

Coupler

Fiber optic cable

Troubleshooting Training

Coupler

Coupler

Benefits: Long distances and EMC/Noise isolation Dominique Chabauty / PROFIBUS Design and good practices

PROFIBUS DP Topologies - Wireless 10

Connect your slaves through wireless couplers Agenda PROFIBUS Family Communication Medias

Wireless gateway

Topologies Cable length Devices Rules Installation Rules Troubleshooting

Wireless gateway

Training

Wireless gateway

Wireless gateway

Segment Dominique Chabauty / PROFIBUS Design and good practices

Wireless DP Device

Wireless PN Device

PROFIBUS DP Topologies - Redundancy 11

Agenda PROFIBUS Family Communication Medias RS 485

Topologies

RS 485

Cable length

RS 485

coupler

coupler

Devices Rules Installation Rules

RS 485

Troubleshooting

RS 485

Training

glasvezel coupler

coupler glasvezel

RS 485

1.0

RS 485

PROFIBUS PA Topologies - Overview 12

Agenda PROFIBUS Family Communication Medias

+

εx

DCS/PLC

Topologies Cable length Devices Rules Installation Rules

PROFIBUS DP

Troubleshooting

Junction Box

DP/PA-Link

Training

Segment 24 V

PROFIBUS PA

Dominique Chabauty / PROFIBUS Design and good practices

“T“

PROFIBUS PA Topologies - Redundancy 13

Agenda PROFIBUS Family Communication Medias

PROFIBUS DP

Coupler Redundancy  Coupler-Redundancy DP/PA-coupler, redundant (M = master)

M

IM 153, redundant

AFS

Topologies

PROFIBUS PA

Cable length

Bus termination

Devices Rules

Automatic bus termination

Troubleshooting Training

PA Ring Redundancy PROFIBUS DP

Installation Rules

Active Field Splitter

 Coupler-Redundancy M

M

DP/PA-coupler, redundant (M = Master)

 Media redundancy based on a ring topology AFD

AFD

Active Field Distributor

IM 153, redundant

PROFIBUS PA AFD

Dominique Chabauty / PROFIBUS Design and good practices

AFD

Transmission speed (baudrate) 14

Agenda

PROFIBUS offers the user the possibility to choose from 10 transmission speeds (RS 485).

PROFIBUS Family Communication Medias

9,6

19,2

45,45

93,75

187,5

500

1500

3000

6000

12000 kbps

Topologies Cable length Devices Rules Installation Rules Troubleshooting Training

Remarks: The transmission speed determines the maximum cable length and vice versa. The transmission speed has to be set identically at all the masters on the same bus. Most slaves detect the baudrate automatically. Because of economic and technical reasons some products do not support all transmission speeds. Some older products do not support 45,45 kbps.

2.1

PROFIBUS DP – Cable Length 15

Baudrate vs Cable Length Agenda Baudrate (kbit/s)

9.6

19.2

45.45

93.75

187.5

500

1500

3000

6000

12000

Communication Medias

Segment length (m)

1200

1200

1200

1200

1000

400

200

100

100

100

Topologies

Segment length (feet)

3940

3940

3940

3940

3280

1310

656

328

328

328

PROFIBUS Family

Cable length Devices Rules Installation Rules Troubleshooting Training

3 baudrate transitions in which the cable length reduces with more than 50 %.

These lengths are defined for 1 segment with 32 bus loads!

2.1

Device Rules - Network 16

PROFIBUS Address Map Agenda PROFIBUS Family Communication Medias

0

Service-, diagnosis- and programming tool

1..2

Masters (class 1)

3..125

Slaves (total 123 or 124)

126

Address for: “Set Slave Address”

127

Broadcast address

Topologies Cable length Devices Rules Installation Rules Troubleshooting Training

Most configuration tools block address 0 and 126 for slaves. Address 126 is a default address for slaves with software address settings. Address 127 is a broadcast address (only visible with a busmonitor). Maximum 124 DP slaves per bus!!!!!!!

2.0

Device Rules - DP Segments 17

Maximum 32 loads per RS485 segments Agenda PROFIBUS Family

Max 30 Stations

Max 31 Stations

Communication Medias Topologies Cable length Devices Rules Installation Rules Troubleshooting Training

Segment 1

Segment 2

Devices that generate new segments: Repeaters Fiber Optic Couplers Wireless gateways

After these devices, PROFIBUS segment rules are the same. Dominique Chabauty / PROFIBUS Design and good practices

Installation rules 18

Grounding & Shielding Agenda PROFIBUS Family

PROFIBUS is digital communication, not 4-20mA Ground at both end Ungrounded shield has no effect

Communication Medias Topologies Cable length Devices Rules Installation Rules Troubleshooting Training

Dominique Chabauty / PROFIBUS Design and good practices

Installation rules 19

Power Lines Agenda PROFIBUS Family

Digital communication is sensitive to power lines Watch out for cable runs in trays Respect distances for air separation

Communication Medias Topologies Cable length Devices Rules Installation Rules Troubleshooting Training

Power line too close

Power line are removed Dominique Chabauty / PROFIBUS Design and good practices

Installation rules 20

Some examples with Power Lines Agenda PROFIBUS Family Communication Medias Topologies Cable length Devices Rules Installation Rules Troubleshooting Training

Dominique Chabauty / PROFIBUS Design and good practices

Installation rules 21

Proper wiring and component selection Agenda PROFIBUS Family

Wiring and cable termination is critical Wrong component selection leads to bad installation Take environment in account (humidity, sunlight…)

Communication Medias Topologies Cable length Devices Rules Installation Rules Troubleshooting Training

Dominique Chabauty / PROFIBUS Design and good practices

Troubleshooting 22

Recognizing bad installations Agenda PROFIBUS Family

You cannot use the multimeter, this is digital comm. Specific tools are required

Communication Medias Topologies Cable length Devices Rules Installation Rules

Cable Tester

Oscilloscope

Troubleshooting Training

Analyzer

Find wiring errors such as short circuit Identify missing termination and EMC Capture error messages and find the source of your system shutdown Cost and time saving by using the right tools!

Dominique Chabauty / PROFIBUS Design and good practices

Troubleshooting - Oscilloscope 23

Good signal Agenda PROFIBUS Family Communication Medias Topologies Cable length Devices Rules Installation Rules Troubleshooting

Missing termination

Training

Dominique Chabauty / PROFIBUS Design and good practices

Troubleshooting - Analyzer 24

Capture all PROFIBUS messages Agenda PROFIBUS Family

Useful for random errors Shows underlying conditions Device diagnostic

Communication Medias Topologies Cable length Devices Rules Installation Rules Troubleshooting Training

Dominique Chabauty / PROFIBUS Design and good practices

Training 25

Certified Training by PROFIBUS International Agenda PROFIBUS Family Communication Medias Topologies Cable length Devices Rules Installation Rules Troubleshooting Training

Benefits Avoid basic errors that cost time and money Quality assurance for design and commissioning Faster project delivery Better installation, longer operation

Various courses available PROFIBUS Certified Engineer PROFIBUS Certified PA Module PROFIBUS Certified Installer PROFINET Certified Engineer

Dominique Chabauty / PROFIBUS Design and good practices

Certified by

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The end Thank you for listening

Dominique Chabauty / PROFIBUS Design and good practices