01 Wawan Gunawan a Kadir

GUNDIH CCS-INDONESIA: Integradted Studies on the first pilot CCS project in South and Southeast Asia Wawan Gunawan A Kadir Bandung Institute of Technology, Indonesia

1)

2014 NATIONAL CCS CONFERENCE – SYDNEY, SEPTEMBER 2, 2014

ADB

•

Nat. Energy Council, 2013

Contributions can be given by Indonesian Earth Scientist (also through international cooperation) in reducing carbon emissions : Introducing CCS and CO2EOR to the community and implementing those approaches in indonesian hydrocarbon fields

GUNDIH CCS PILOT PROJECT History of the project A collaboration effort that is conducted between: • Institut Teknologi Bandung, Kyoto University, • Pertamina UTC and Pertamina EP SATREPS (Science and Technology Research Partnership for Sustainable Development)

Supported by • Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) and • Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST)

UKP4

ADB Ministry of E&C

Ministry of E&MR

Plan of Operation for the Entire Research Period TARGETED OUTPUTS

ACTIVITIES

Output 1: Preliminary study of CO2 sequestration and monitoring and a plan on CO2 sequestration and monitoring in the Gundih gas field.

Preparation and Planning

Output 2: Characterization/evaluation of CO2 sequestration site(s) and CO2 storage

CO2 sequestration site and CO2 storage characterization and modeling

Preliminary Study on CCS in the Gundih Gas Field and Indonesia

FY2012

FY2013

PHASE I

FY2014

Intermediate Evaluation

FY2015

FY2016

PHASE II

Dec. Mar.

Laboratory test Reservoir simulation and evaluation

Output 3: Feasibility study including surface facility design and cost evaluation for CO2 sequestration and monitoring in the Gundih gas field.

Surface facility design, CCS Regulation study and public engagement Design for CO2 sequestration and monitoring in the Gundih gas field

Output 4: Development of geophysical and geochemical technologies in the actual injected CO2 storage in the Gundih gas field and evaluation for determining integrated technologies for CO2 monitoring.

CO2 monitoring technology development and evaluation - 4D High-resolution seismic, - 4D Electric/electromagnetic - 4D Microgravity - InSAR and GPS - Microseismic - Seismic tomography - Geochemical and - Integrated interpretation

Output 5: SOP based on the analysis and the evaluation of Gundih gas field CO2 sequestration and monitoring.

Drafting and dissemination of the SOP

CO2 Injection

Preparation

Upgrade

Baseline

Monitoring 1

Monitoring 2 Monitoring 3

* CO2 Injection

LOCATION MAP OF GUNDIH AREA KTB (Kedung Tuban) – RBT (Randu Blatung) – KDL (Kedung Lusi) fields

Kedunglusi

Kedunglusi

Cepu

KEDUNGLUSI

KTB – RBT – KDL FIELDS (Gundih Area)

FACT OF GUNDIH FIELD • Gundih field was operated by PT. Pertamina EP, which has initial gas in place (IGIP) 435,96 BSCF and could produce 62 MMSCFD in 12 years. • CO2 content which generated directly from the field is 21% from total gas, whereas if after through CPP (Central Processing Plant) the percentage of CO2 produced is about 15% from total gas in this field (Kadir, 2012).

• PT. Pertamina EP provided 2D/3D seismic data and well data to evaluate subsurface GGR in this area.

CCS PILOT PLAN Geographical map of Gundih area and its gas transport to CPP KETERANGAN : : WORKOVER WELL

KTB-03TW

: PLAN OF SUBSURFACE DEVELOPMENT WELL (CLUSTER SYSTEM) : INJECTION WELL

KTB-06

: SETTLEMENT : OPEN AREA : RICE FIELD

RBT-03

REGIONAL GEOLOGICAL EVALUATION

REGIONAL TECTONIC SETTING

EAST JAVA REGION

GUNDIH

Seismicity: Locally intense near trench – subduction erosion Absence of intermediate depth hypocentres in East Java

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(After Hall, 2011)

REGIONAL STRATIGRAPHY COMPARISON OF JAVA REGION

SYN-RIFT

POST-RIFT

CCS TARGET

PRE-RIFT Sapiie et al., (2006)

REGIONAL STRUCTURES OF JAVA ISLAND

(Sapiie et al., 2006)

DATA AVAILABILITY

Pilot CCS injection well (near Jepon-1 Well)

FIELDWORK

2nd Candidate of CCS injection well (near Sembrani-1 Well)

NGRAYONG FM

N-S Cross-section ONSHORE EAST JAVA N

S

Jepon-1

Jepon-1

N Jepon-1 well

S

- Thickness of Ngrayong increase to the north - Possible mud volcano hazard (Tawun Fm.)

N Jepon-1 well

S

Integrated Surface-subsurface X section from A-B-C-D Jepon-1

A

ITB-2/BH-2

B ITB-1/BH-5

D

C

A D B

C

Seismic data processing using CRS method Keyline (KDN-51) interpretation S

Bajubang

JPN-1

Top Wonocolo Top Ngrayong Target Area

Target Interval

Top Tuban

Inversion Analysis

Sensitivity Analysis

Synthetic

AI Vs GR

Shale Zone

Composite

Sand Zone

Sand/Shale Cut-off

AI Vs Nphi

Log AI Vs. Inverted AI

Cut-off AI = 8200 may be applied to distinguish shale/sand zone

Inversion analysis on JPN-1 shows inversion of keytrace give good result and may be applicable

Inversion Analysis

A

A

B C

B C

D

D

• Each sand body (A, B, C, D) show high AI spike, as shown on the inversion analysis. • Sand zone may be identified on seismic based on the high AI

S

A B C

Cut-off AI = 8200 is applied to distinguish shale/sand zone

D

S

A B C D

SITE CHARACTERIZATION METHODOLOGY OF CCS

1

2

JEPON-1 WELL 2D SEISMIC

Still in the progress

3

4

Modified from Gibson-Poole (2009)

FAULT INDEX (NEAR JEPON-1 WELL)

FAULT 04

FAULT 04

FAULT 03

FAULT 03

FAULT 01

FAULT 02

FAULT 02

FAULT 01

JUXTAPOSITION RESERVOIR

FAULT 02 FAULT 01

TOP WONOCOLO MFS-4 TOP NGRAYONG FS-11 FS-10

1 throw throw throw

2 throw

1. 2.

SHALE ON SHALE SHALE ON SAND

TRAP RISKING (SGR 30%) * Sand A – Gas Oil Contact FAULT 2

JEPON-1

POSSIBLY LEAKING AREA

FAULT 1

Reservoir Simulation for Evaluating CO2 Storage Capacity and Fault Risk

Layering in the model Thickness

Layer A

Layer B

Layer C

Layer D

355.25m

Mudstone

22.43m

Sandstone

131.79m

Mudstone

13.41m

Sandstone

47.19m

Mudstone

9.28m

Sandstone

165.95m

Mudstone

11.35m

Sandstone

248.94m

Mudstone

Ngrayong formation is divided into 9 layers with 4 potential CO2 reservoirs in modeling.

Parameters used in the simulation with Eclipse 300 Parameter (variable)

Values

Injection layer

Only Layer A, Only Layer B, All Layers A, B, C and D

Injection volume per year (kt)

10 (27.4t/day)

Injection time (year)

1, 2, 5, 10, 20

Temperature (C)

55, 60, 65, 70, 75

Permeability (md)

50, 100, 200, 400, 800 (kv/kh=0.1)

Parameter (fixed)

Values

Permeability of shale-rich layer 0 md Porosity of sand layer

0.28

Grid size

Large: 100m x 100m, Small: 5m x 5m (around Jepon-1)

Grid number

Large: 133 x 123 x 10, Small: 89 x 89 x 9

Model size

Large: 13.3km x 12.3km, Small: 445m x 445m

CO2 Saturation Change for Permeability (Layer B: 10kt/y: 1Year: 60C) 50md

400md

100md

800md

200md

445m

CO2 Saturation Change for Injection Layer (200md:10kt/y: 1Year:60C)

445m

445m

Only Layer A

Only Layer B

All Layers

Pore Pressure Increase (Layer B:10kt/y: 1Year:60C) For reference

Initial Pp

200md Pp

200md/100kt

50md

dPp

Pp

dPp

Pp

dPp

N1

8.88

9.13

0.25

9.63

0.75

10.95

2.07

N2

8.89

9.18

0.29

9.83

0.94

11.20

2.31

N3

8.81

8.99

0.18

9.38

0.57

10.42

1.61

R1

8.38

8.63

0.25

9.12

0.74

10.49

2.11

W

8.37

8.76

0.39

9.68

1.31

11.07

2.70

R3

8.39

8.61

0.22

9.08

0.69

10.37

1.98

S1

8.67

8.87

0.20

9.23

0.56

10.34

1.67

S2

8.52

8.74

0.22

9.15

0.63

10.39

1.87

S3

8.33

8.53

0.20

8.94

0.61

10.15

1.82

(MPa)

CO2 Transportation and Injection

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CO2 Transportation Evaluation • CPP Gundih to Jepon-01: about 40 km paving road • No direct pipeline is available • Evaluation Transport method: • CO2 transport by piping (Gas Compression) • CO2 transport by trucking (CO2 Liquefaction)

Road to Jepon-1

Evaluation Cases Scale

Case

PILOT 30 ton/day CO2

1.

• •

CO2 Pretreatment CO2 Compression System

Pipeline

2.

• • •

CO2 Pretreatment CO2 Liquefaction CO2 intermediate storage

Road transport with trucks

•

• • •

CO2 Pretreatment CO2 Liquefaction CO2 intermediate storage

Road transport with trucks

•

3.

CCS Facilities at CPP Gundih

CO2 Transport

CCS Facilities at Jepon Well

CO2 Compression

•

•

CO2 Intermediate Storage CO2 Compression

CO2 intermediate storage CO2 pumping

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SUMMARY OF STUDIES

Subsurface geology • Ngrayong Fm. (Sandstone) are excellent target for CCS Pilot projects – based on field analogue (2 well drilled + fieldworks) and petrophysical analysis of Jepon-1 well • Facies distributions indicated shallower to the north • Faults and Folds are widely distributed and some connected to the deeper sections – Risk Analysis

• Overpressure shale are recognized (Tawun Fm.) and some formed active mud volcanoes to the west of Jepon-1 well - Risk Analysis

Reservoir simulation and fault risk  CO2 saturation increase for 10kt/y injection can be very limited around Jepon-1 even for 20 years injection, which may not reach to the nearest fault.  Higher permeability may create heterogeneous CO2 saturation variation which probably depend on the boundary conditions.  Reservoir temperature changes do not affect so much on CO2 saturation variations.  Pore pressure increase due to 1 year-10kt CO2 injection into Layer B (thickness 13.4m) is estimated to be less than 1MPa, which may not affect so much on fault re-activation considering Tomakomai’s case study. But reservoir simulations with accurate physical properties are necessary for making more reliable conclusion.

Analysis result of CO2 transportation and injection • Examining Pilot Scale of CCS Surface Facilities for Gundih Project • CO2 Capacity: 30 ton/day • CO2 source point: outlet BioSRU • Transportation by Trucking and Injection by Pumping (Case 3) is selected • Estimated CAPEX : 13.3 106USD • Estimated OPEX : 0.7 106USD/year • EPC Period (including tender) : 18 months

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TERIMA KASIH

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