VISUAL AND RELATIONAL PROPERTIES OF FORM.pptx

VISUAL AND RELATIONAL PROPERTIES OF FORM 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

Shape Size Color Texture Position Orientation Visual In Inertia

Shape •

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The characteristic outline or surface configuration of a particular form. It is the primary means by which we recognize, identify and categorize particular figures and forms Our perception of shape depends on the degree of visual contrast that exist along the contour separating a figure from its field

In architecture, we are concerned with the shapes of: -floor, wall, and ceiling planes that enclose space. -door and window openings within a spatial enclosure. -silhouettes and contours of building forms.

Primary shapes Gestalt psychology affirms that the mind will simplify the visual environment in order to understand it. Given any composition of forms, we tend to reduce the subject matter in our visual field to the simpliest and most regular shapes. The simpler and more regular a shape is, the easier it is to perceive and understand. From geometry, we know the regular shapes to be the circle, and the infinite series of regular polygons that can be inscribed within it. The most significant is the: 1. Circle 2. Triangle 3. Square

Circle The circle is a centralized, introvert figure that is normally stable and self centering in its environment. Placing a circle in the center of a field reinforces its inherent centrality. Placing elements along its circumference can induce in the circle an apparent rotary motion.

Triangle The triangle signifies stability. When resting on one of its sides, the triangle is an extremely stable figure. When tipped on one of its vertices, it can be balanced in its precarious state of equilibrium of be unstable and tend to fall over onto one of its side

Square Square represents pure and rational. It is a static and neutral figure having no preferred direction. All other rectangles are considered as variation of the square. Like the triangle, the square is stable when resting on one of its side, and dynamic when standing on one of its corners.

Primary solids 1. Sphere 2. Cylinder 3. Cone 4. Pyramid 5. Cube

Size •

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The physical dimensions of length, width, depth of a form. While these dimensions determine the proportion of the form, its scale is determined by its size relative to other forms in its context.

Color •

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A phenomenon of light and visual perception that may be described of an individual perception of hue, saturation and tonal values. Color is an attribute that most clearly distinguish a form from its environment

Texture •

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The visual and especially the tactile quality given to a surface by the shape, arrangement and proportion of the parts. Texture also determine the degree to which the surfaces of a form reflect or absorb incident light.

Position •

The location of the form relative to its environment or the visual field within which it is seen

Orientation •

The direction of a form relative to the ground plane, the compass points, other forms, or to the person viewing form

Visual Inertia •

The degree of concentration and stability of a form. The visual inertia of a form depends on its geometry as well as its orientation relative to the ground plane, the pull of gravity and outline of sight.

All of these properties of form are in reality affected by the conditions under which we view them: 1. Changing the perspective or angle of view presents different shapes or aspects of a form to our eyes. 2. Our distance from the form determines its apparent size. 3. The lighting conditions under which we view a form affects the clarity of its shape and structure 4. The visual field surrounding the form influences our ability to read and identify it.