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Mother board
Manufacturing companies list of SMD IC’s 1) 2) 3) 4)
ITE WINBOND ALI SMBC
Checking process : compare to ground 14%pins shows continuity. GATES: Inside of IC is called gates ( input,output functions). Inside of gates is 2 to 3 transistors are functions. 1) AND GATE 2) OR GATE 3)NOT GATE 4)NAND GATE 5)NOR GATE AND GATE: If any one input is low so output will be low.
A 1 1 0 0
B 1 0 1 0
C 1 0 0 0
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OR GATE: If any one input is high so output will be high
A 0 1 0 1
B 0 0 1 1
C 0 1 1 1
NOT GATE: Not gates used in inventors .it require one input .if input is low output will be high(reverse function of input side).
A 0 1
y 1 0
NAND GATE: If any one input is low output will be high.
A 0 1 1 0
NOR GATE:
B 0 0 1 1
Y 0 0 1 0
Y1 1 1 0 1
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If any one input is high out put will be low.
A 1 0 1 0
B 1 1 0 0
Y 1 1 1 0
Y1 0 0 0 1
BLOCK DIGRAM OF MOTHER BOARD CPU AGP SORT
VGA
NORTH BRIDGE
System speed FSB (front side bus) RAM Memory bus
KEY BOARD
SOUTH BRIDGE
PCI BUS
I/O PORTS IDE FDD
System Controllers 1.Oscillators &Timers 2.Interupt Controller 3.Dma Management
BIOS
4.Power Management
MCH -
Memory controller hub
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-
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input/output controller hub group of wires which crries information fom one drive to another drive is called as bus.
(or) Group of copper traces which will carry the data bits.
Chipsets : Chipset contains the following controllers. 1) Memory controller (north bridge) 2) System controller (south bridge) 3) Peripheral controller (south bridge) System controller contains the following controllers. 1) Oscillators & timers 2) Interrupt controllers 3) DMA Mangement 4) Power management 1)Oscilators & timers: which create time base(pulse )required for micro processor,memory and the rest of the computer to operate. 2)interput controllers: Which manage the hardware interputs that give priority to important functions. 3)DMA management: Which governs the data transfer to and from independently of the micro processor to free the chip upto for more important duties(like thinking) 4) Power management: Which watches over all the electrical use of the computer to save power and in note book machines conserved batter reserves. Pentium 111:
370
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1. It is having ISA slot >>it is black color>>having 8-bits and 16 bits 2. It is having PCI slot>>it is WHITE color>>having 82 bits 3. It is having IDE1,IDE2>>40 pins connector 4. It is having floppy disk drive >>34 pins connector 5. It is having DIMM RAM slot >>it is having 168 DIMM package connector 6. It is having AT power supply>> 6+6=12 pins connector 7. processor support 450Mhz to 1.3Ghz 8. Ram support 64MB to 256Mb 9. It is having AGP slot >> it is in brown color>>having 64 bits 10. It is having AMR slot >> it is brown color>> having 64 bits Pentium 1V:
PGA 460
1. It is having PCI slot >>it is WHITE color >>having 32 bit or yellow 2. It is having IDE1,IDE2>> 40 pins connector 3. It is having IDE1,SATA 4. It is having floppy disk drive>>34 pings connector 5. It is having DIMM RAM slot >> it is having 168 pins DIMM package 6. It is having DIMM RAM slot, it is having 168 pins DIMM package 7. It is having ATX, power supply>> 20 or 24 or 28 pins connector 8. Processor support 1.5 GHZ to onwards 9. RAM support 128 MB to 4 GB 10. It is having AGP slot>> it is brown color>> having 64 bits 11. It is having CNR slot>> it is brown color >>64 bits 12. It is having AMR slot>> it is brown color >> having 64 bits
DDR-1------200 MHZ TO 400 MHZ-------having 184 pins DDR 11-----400MHZ TO 800 MHZ--------having 240 pins DDR111----800 MHZ TO 1066 MHZ------having 184 pins Types of RAM & Abbreviation : 1. SRAM static random access memory 2. Classic DDRAM classic dynamic RAM 3. FPM DRAM fast page mode dynamic RAM 4. EDD RAM enhanced dynamic RAM 5. CDD RAM cached dynamic RAM 6. VRAM video ram
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7. EDO RAM Extended dynamic RAM 8. BEDO RAM Burst external data output ram 9. WRAM Windows ram 10. SG RAM synchronous graphic ram 11. DDR RAM double data rate ram 12. RD RAM Rambus dynamic RAM • Cache memory from 512 KB to 2 MB.Z Abbreviations : 1. DMA 2. PGA 3. BGA 4. FDD 5. CGA 6. VGA 7. AGP 8. PCI 9. ISA 10. MCA 11. EISA 12. CMOS 13. BIOS 14. USB 15. MIPS 16. MBPS 17. SMD 18. IRQ 19. IBM 20. AMD 21. SIMM 22. DIMM 23. RIMM 24. AMR 25. CNR 26. ACR 27. NIC 28. LAN 29. ATA 30. FWH 31. AT 32. UDMA
direct memory access pin grid array ball grid array floppy disk drive color graphic adaptor video graphic adaptor accelerated graphic port peripheral component interface industrial standard architecture micro channel architecture extended industry standard architecture complementary metal oxide semiconductor basic input output system universal serial bus millions of instructions per second mega bytes per second surface mounted device interrupt request international business machine advanced micro device single inline memory module double inline memory module rambus inline memory module audio modem racer communication network racer advanced communicated racer network interface card local area network advanced technology extended firm ware hub advanced technology ultra direct memory access control
Input/ Output ports in mother board: 1. Serial port / mouse port ( 9 pins) 2. Parallel port/ comm. Port / printer port ( 25 pins) 3. USB port
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4. VGA port 5. Sound port 6. LAN port 7. Game port 8. S- video port 9. Key board port 10. LCD port Slots in mother board : 1. ISA slot 2. PCI slot 3. AGP slot 4. CND slot 5. RAM slot 6. Processor slot
8 and 16 bits 32 bits 64 bits 64 bits
Pin configuration of input/output port and input/output slots: Key board controller:
3
1
Pin no 1. 2. 3. 4.
4
2
6
5
4
3 2
description Black Data No connection +5V
2
1 6
pin no 1 2 3 4 5 6
3 7
4 8
5 9
1 description data no connection gnd +5v clock no connection
Ps2
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Pin connector
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Description
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.
carrier detect receive data transmit data data terminal ready Ground Data set ready Reading to send Clear to send ring indicator
VGA port:
1
2 6
3
7
11
9
8 12
4 10
13
14
1. red 2. green 3. blue 4. no connection 5. ground/dummy 6. red return ground 7. green return ground 8. blue return ground 9. no connection 10. ground 11. ground 12. no connection 13. horizontal pin 14. vertical pin 15. no connection AT power supply:
6
5
6
15
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1. Power good signal 2. +5V 3. +12 V 4. -12V 5. GND 6. GND 7. GND 8. GND 9. -5V 10. +5V 11. +5V 12. +5V Pin no 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. Pin no 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.
voltage +3.3 V +3.3V GND +5V GND +5V GND POWER GOOD +5V +12V +3.3V -12V GND POWER ON GND GND GND -5V +5V +5V colour Orange Orange Black Red Black Red Black violet Red
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Yellow Orange Blue Black Green Black Black Black White Red Red
LPT1 ( local printer terminal/ parallel port): Pin no
signal description
1 2 to 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 to 25
strobe data signal acknoledge busy paper end select auto feed error INIT select Ground
Mother board side SIde Out Out In In In In Out Out In Out In
USB( Universal serial BUS) connectors:
3 1
2
3
4
4 1
2
printer in in out out out out in in out in out
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Pin connector
description Pin number
1 2 3 4
1. 2. 3. 4.
+5V –DATA + DATA GROUND
LAN connector:
1 2
3 4
5 6
7 8
1. Transmit data 2. – transmit data 3. + receive data 4. Un used 5. Un used 6. – Receive data 7. Un used 8. Un used
Midi or Game port:
1
2 9
3 1 0
4 1 1
5 12
6
7 13
8 14
15
description Ground Ground Luminance Chrominance
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1)+5V 2)joystick button 3)joystick direction 4)ground
6) Joystick 11)joystick dirction 7)joystick button 12) out 8)+5v 13)joystick direction 9)joystick button 14)MIDI in
MIDI ------Musical instrument digital interface MIDI: MIDI is the language spoken among musical instruments and computers .MIDI is not audio signal ,multimedia presentation that gives MIDI are more professional sounding and easier to create. They also are more efficient because the file sizes are smaller and therefore require less resolves to press the files. The PC needs an MIDI interface to translate MIDI data to binary data. Normally an MIDI interface is available with sound cards. 7
pin SATA Data pin Out:
pin number
signal name
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.
1 2 3
Ground A+ AGround BB+ Ground
DV1 DV1-1 DV1-A TMDS
Digital video interface Digital video interface- integrated digital &analog Digital video interface -- analog Transmission Minimized differential signaling
DVI TO LCD MONITOR: 1
2
9
1 0
1 7
3
4
1 1 1 8
1 9
5
1 2 2 0
6 1 3 2 1
7 1 4 2 2
8 1 5 2 3
1 6 2 4
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Pin no signal 1. TDMS Data 22. TDMS Data 2+ 3. TDMS Data 2/4 shield 4. TDMS Data 4+ 5. TDMS Data 46. DDC clock 7. DDC data 8. Analog vertical sync 9. TDMS data 110. TDMA data 1+ 11. TDMS data ½ 12. TDMS data 313. TDMS data 3+ 14. +5V 15. GROUND 16. Hot plug detect 17. TDMS data 018. TDMS data 0+ 19. TDMS data 0/5 shield 20. NILL 21. NILL 22. NILL 23. TDMS clock + 24. TDMS clock – C2 Analog Green C3 Analog Blue C4 Analog Horizontal sync C5 Analog Ground
34 pin floppy disk drive pin out: Pin number
Description
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1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34.
Ground Normal density Ground In use /Head loan Ground Drive select 3 Ground Index Ground Drive select 0 Ground Drive select 1 Ground Drive select 2 Ground Motor on Ground Direction Ground Step Ground Write data Ground Write gate Ground Track 00 Ground Write protect Ground Read data Side select Ground Disk change/Ready
40 pin IDE connector: Pin number 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.
signal function Reset ground data 7 data 8 data 6 data 9 data 5 data 10
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data 4 data 11 data 3 data 12 Data 13 Data1 Data 14 Data 0 Data 15 Ground key DMARQ GROUND I/O Write data Ground I/O read data Ground I/O channel ready Un used DMA acknowledge Ground IRQ Host 16- bit passed diagnostics DAO DA2 Host chip select 0 Host chip select 1 Drive Active Ground
168 pin SD RAM Voltage pin out configuration Ground VCC or +5V +3.3V NO Connection
------- 1,23,32,43,54,64,68,96,107,116,127,138,148,162 ---------6,18,26,40,41,49,59,73,84,102,110,124,133,143. ----------157,168. ---------31,48.
PCI slot voltage pin out configuration: 1
1b-side In server side used 94 pins
62
62 pins
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SIDE A Pin number 1 2
signal ground +12V
5 VCC 8 VCC 10 VCC 12 GROUND 13 GROUND 16 VCC 18 GROUND 21 +3.3V 24 GROUND 27 +3.3V 30 GROUND 33 +3.3V 35 GROUND 37 GROUND 39 +3.3V 42 GROUND 45 +3.3V 48 GROUND 53 +3.3V 56 GROUND 59 VCC 61 VCC 62 VCC
SIDE B Pin number 1 3 5 6 12 13 15
signal -12v ground vcc vcc ground ground ground
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ground vcc ground +3.3v ground +3.3v ground +3.3v ground +3.3v +3.3v ground ground +3.3v ground vcc vcc vcc
AGP Bus connector:
A1
a30
B1
B30
SIDE A +12 V--------pin no 1 VCC --------pin no 9,16,28,45 GND ------- pin no 5,13,19,31,37,43,49,55,61 SIDE B +5 V---------2,3 VCC -------5,13,19,13,31,37,,43,49,55,61. CNR connector: A1
B1
A30
B30
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SIDE A +12V------pin no 16 +3.3v -----pin no 18 +5v -----pin no 19 GND -----pin 3,6,9,14,17,20. SIDE B +12V-----18 +5V-------15 +3.3V-----19 GND-------4,7,10,13,17,20,23,27. Mother board spare parts numbers:
Small FET’s HJ882 NIKOP3055L 9916H APL1084 NIKOL1085 Alpha AS 2830 761070 PH 3055L 23NO3L DI802 NIKO P45NO2L DI202 AMS 1085 F3055L 40N03 3055 NIKO 1084 NIKO 1085
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Big FET’s 3 LEADS --- AMS1084 5 LEADS-----E31FG UNISCAN AMS 1084 AM 1505 2 LEADS----CETCEB 60302 CET60NO35 CETL31035 NECK3296 PHB 55 NO3LA APL LO85 F37115 F37045 MTB 1306 MOR OCCO 3620L 55N FO5L MOUSE IC: GD 75232 (P-III Boards) St 75182 ( Old boards(12v) Mini voltage IC: ADP 3163 ADP 3168 RT 9248 ADP 3160 ADP 3165 W 81301R DISPLAY IC IDT 74FST ST 3384 PISC 38610 CMD 0317 MIP 6008 CB RT 9602 8 PIN IC ADP 3418 SC 1205 AD 33416 ADP 3412 ADP 3148 K VIA chip
[email protected] AT 82C58 VP SMSC FDC 37M62 FDC 37C669 SM4 SM46 SM 5C TTL IC 14 PIN LX 1662 CP LX 74HCT LX74HC LM324 HCT 14 HC 14 HIP 6302CB MI049 F9302
SMD IC Winbond company W83877 W836274 W8 3697 HF SMART 716 W8 3637 HF W8 3977 EF 833297 8326 8267 ITE Company 8660 8661 8612 8712f 87110 8711 86611 87112gxi 87112FX2 97112BX2 8705 8705 FXS FAN IC
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24 Pins RT-9222 CM 2637 SCM 86CSW SC 1185 SC 1189 28 PINS HIP 6019 DCB HIP 6020 CB HIP 6021 CB RT 9229 RT 9243 Phase tink Malasiya 6916 156524 CB US 3007 CW US 3004 CW RT 9231 RT 9237 20 Pins Raythem 7c5051 Rt 9241 Sc 2433w Limifinity LX 1665 Unisem 3004 cw Unisem 3007 cm CM 2635 CM 2633 SC 2433 SC 1153 LP 93AGRC5054 Supplies in Mother Board spare parts: +3.3v PCI AGP CNR SMD IC South bridge Processor RAM slot IDF Crystal IC
+5v +12v -5v Key board PCI ISA Mouse AGP USB CNR Game port CPU fan VGA 8 pin IC FDD IDE Procesor south bridge
-12v CNR
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BIOS CNR SMD IC PCI SLOT ISA SLOT FET Trouble Shooting: 1)
keyboard Error (or) Mouse Error:
1 2 3 4 5 6
check the memory /mouse connector dry solder the keyboard/mouse connector check the jumper setting check the fuse Tracing from data & clock signal to SMD IC . If any component is defective repace it Upgrade the BIOS with new version.
NC +5V NC
DATA
6
5
4
3 2
CLOCK
SMDIC
South Bridge
CLOCK GND DATA
1
GND 5V
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
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(OR)
R (OR)
(OR) R
2)
Serial port : I. check the serial port connector II. dry solder the serial port connector 1 2 3 4 5 III. tracing from serial port to serial port IC 6 7 8the voltage 9 IV. check of serial port IC V. check the serial port IC to SMD IC VI. if any component is defective replace it VII. Finally update the BIOS
SERIAL PORT
SMD
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(OR)
1 11
2 12
3 13
4 14
3)
CPU FAN: 1 2 3
5 15
6 16
7 17
Hanging problem Automatic Restart No display
8 18
9 19
10 20
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1 11
4 14
5 15
6 16
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7 17
2 12
3 13
8 18
9 19
10 20
Problem: if insert the old fan ,fan is rotated but insert a new fan, fan is not rotated? Solution: Check the 12v supply Note : 5V only for update CPU fan speed mention on monitor 4).VGA Connector:
5 1 5
3
4 1 0
9 14
8 13
2
1 6
7 12
1 1
NORTH BRIDGE 1 2 3 4
If 13 pin is defective don’t come display If 14 pin is defective secondary colors will be come on the screen If 1,2,3, pins are defective color disturbance come on the monitor screen If low brightness ,low contrast ,secondary colors. Disturbed picture is come on the monitor check the 6,7,8 pins tracing from vga connector to North Bridge
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5)Parallel Port: ( 25 pin ‘d’ port Compared to ground all data pins show same resistance value( 2 to 9 =data pins) 1 1 2 0
4
1 4
RESISTAR PACK
SMD IC
Pin 1 Strobe problem – printer icon display in start menu for few seconds Pin no 2 to 9 Junk printing will come Pin no 10 It indicates that data has been receive (printer busy problem) and that the printer is ready to accept other data. Pin no 13 & 17: DOS mode application printing is OK but window based is problem PIN NO 14 Auto feed - line to line distance will be more Pin no 15 & 16 Error signal printor Error. Note: Strobe ,data, busy, Acknowledge these pins are problem monitor shows out of paper ,printer is offline error busy. SMDIC USB port:
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DATA1 DATA2 FB
1 11
2 3 12 13
4 1 4
5 15
6 1 6
7 1 7
8 1 8
9 10 19 20
C
Fuse
gnd SMD IC
C
10 20
9 19
8 18
7 17
6 16
5 15
4 14
3 13
2 12
1 11
C
C C
C
SMD IC
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gnd
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
check the USB connector dry solder the USB connector check the voltage trace from USB connector to south bridge or SMD IC OR any different IC trace from diagram from connector to IC if any component is defective replace it.
Mother Board divided in 4 –sections: 1. power supply 2. input, output data sections 3. memory 4. processor 1) power supply:
(+5V, -5V,+12V,-12V,+3.3V)
No power :--- 1 check the power supply 2 check the SMPS (13 &14 or 14,15 pins shot) 3 check the power connector or dry solder the power connection 4 check the jumper settings on 1,2 normal 5 check the panel on/off switch 6 check the CMOS battery 7 check the all components physically damaged 8 dry solder the IF FET transistor 9 check all capacitors if any capacitor leakage or doubt replace it 10 check the SMD IC (4,8 pin range above 300ohms) 11 check the processor if available replace it 12 finally upgrade the BIOS HANGING- 1 check the operating system (if operating system perfectly installed when we start the operating system the window XP logo is show within 3 to 9 seconds 2 RAM support check
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Window 98 32 MB RAM Win XP SP3 128 MB RAM 2003 server 128 MB RAM check the virus with antivirus CD CHECK THE Hard disk drive format check the application software in Add remove programmes check the processor fan speed check the processor over heat or not check any component physically damaged or not Check all capacitors if damaged or not Check the processor over heat or not check the 8 pin IC over heat or not check tha FET ‘S. If the BIOS is corrupted finally upgrade the BIOS
3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
Automatically Restart --- 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.
system is corrupted by virus operating system is not install properly check SMPS voltages check all capacitors if physically damaged or if damaged replace it check all FET transistors check 8 pin IC check SMD IC finally upgrade the IC
BIOS (basic input output system) Features of BIOS 1. CPU support 2. Chipset support 3. Memory support 4. Power management 5. drive support 6. PC 2007 operating system support 7. Boot versatility support 8. parallel port supports 9. plug and play support 10. PCI & AGP support 11. USB support 12. Antivirus support Beep codes for general identifications: 1. one short beep when display logo solution no error during POST ( power on self test) 3 . long beep in an end less loop Solution NO RAM installed or RAM not detected 2. One long beep followed by 3 short beeps
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Solution video card not detected or not found 3. High frequency beeps when system is working Solution CPU overheated system running at a lower frequency. PHOENIX BIOS BEEP COEDS:--- Beep codes Problems 1,1,3( short) CMOS chip 1,1,4(short) BIOS failure 1,2,4(short) mother board 1,2,3 (short) mother board 1,3,1 (short) mother board 1,3,4 (short) mother board 1,4,1(short) mother board 4,3,1(short) mother board 1,4,2(short) memory module (RAM) 3,2,4(short) key board controller 1,2,1 system time error 2,,x,x(short) chipset error 3,3,4(short) video adaptor problem 4,2,4(short) expansion card failure 4,3,4(short) time of day clock failure 4,4,1(short) serial port error 4,4,2(short) parallel port error 4,4,3(short) co processor error Standard IBM BIOS Beep codes: Beep codes No beeps One short beep Two short beeps Repeating short beeps 1 long & 1 short beeps 1 long & 2 short beeps 1 long &2 short beeps 3 long beeps
problem power supply or system boot failure post is ok post error with error code display on screen power supply or system boot failure system boot error video display adapter failure video display adapter error keyboard error
AMI BIOS Beeps codes: Beep codes problems 1 short beeps post is ok 2 short beeps memory failure 3 short beeps memory or parity failure 4 short beeps system time failure ( the system clock timer chip has failed) 5 short beeps mother board failure 6 short beeps key board controller failure 7 short beeps CPU failure 8 short beeps video adapter failure 9 short beeps ROM BIOS check some error 10 short beeps CMOS read& write error
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Award BIOS beep codes: Beep codes 1 long beep 1 long , 2 short beeps 1 long ,3 short beeps Continuous
problems memory error video error video failure memory or video failure
Note BIOS reports POST error through the use of audible signals called beep codes as well as through the hexadecimal codes called post codes. MEMORY REFRESHING SIGNAL RAM
CPU
NORTH BRIDGE
TSA SOUTH BRIDGE
PCI AGP
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Pin configuration of ISA slots
SIDA A 2to 9 --- data address pin input output 12to 31—address pin (input) SIDE B Pin no 1 ----- VCC,+5V 3 pin ground 20 memory refresh 31 oscillator Pin configuration of PCI slots
A10 A16 A19
PROCESSOR SPEED & OPERATING VOLTAGE
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processor type 486 sx,486 dx, 486 dx2,dx4 486 DX, 486 DX4 P-1 old p-1
CPU speed
voltage
66 MHZ,100MZ
5V,3.3V
100MHZ 3.3V 75 MHZ to 133MHZ 3.3V 166MHZ to 233 MHZ 2.8V
Cyrex IBM
P-1
pro 200 to 333 MHZ
AMD Intel Intel Inetl
P-1 P-11 P-111 P-1V
K6 350 to 550MHZ 266 MHZ to 350MHZ 400V to 1.2V 1.5 GHZ to 2.7GHZ
2.9V 2.2V to 3V 2V 7V,1.6V 1.6V
NO DISPLAY 1 Check CMOS battery 2 Check the RAM 3 Check the jumper setting 4 Check the VGA card insert properly the total system 5 Check all FET transistors 6 Check the voltage regulator I.C 7 Check the capacitor, if damaged replace it 8 Check the SMD IC 9 Check the North Bridge to VGA port in between any component is defective 10 Check the processor voltages
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OSCILLOSCOPE
If refreshing signal is not coming: 1 2 3 4 5 6 Problems
Check the all dry solders in mother board Check the MOSFET JFET and 8 pin IC Check all capacitors Check the RAM & RAM slots Check the crystal IC If possible change the processor
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RAM test stop Hanging Windows screen continue running No display Keyboard error
P-111 Mercury Board No display 1 Check the capacitors if damaged replace it 2 Replace the SMD IC HANGING 1 2 3
Replace the RAM Check the MOS FET or replace MOS FET ‘S Upgrade the BIOS
P-111 Intel green board- No display Change MOS FET (big) HANGING BIOS problems P-1V Giga byte mother board 845 GL M odel No display Check the transistors & replace it HANGING ITE SMD IC replace Intel original mother board No display continues beep sounds Replace the RAM IC When we install the operating system first files copy OK but after installation it will be hanging Processor problem INTEL P-11 slot processor No power supply 1 Check VCC to ground 2 Check MOS FET’s 3 Dry solder the power supply section 4 Replace the BIOS
