Pharma Must Read

CNS NEUROLOGIC DRUGS DOC FOR BIPOLAR DISORDER DOC FOR PARKINSONS DISEASE CHOLINERGIC ANTAGONIST USED IN THE TREATMENT OF PARKINSON'S DISEASE TIC DOLOREUX/TRIGEMINAL NEURALGIA

LITHIUM LEVODOPA - DOPAMINE WILL NOT CROSS THE BBB BENZTROPINE - REDUCES TREMORS CARBAMAZEPINE

ABSENCE SEIZURES

ETHOSUXIMIDE/VALPROIC ACID

INFANTILE SPASMS

ACTH

PARTIAL SEIZURES

CARBAMAZEPINE

STATUS EPILEPTICUS

DIAZEPAM

MIGRAINE

ERGOTAMINE

SUBARACHNOID HEMORRHAGE

NIMODIPINE (TO PREVENT VASOSAPSM)

CARDIAC DRUGS ANTI-HYPERTENSIVES ANTICOAGULANTS/ANTI-PLATELETS LIPID LOWERING AGENTS WHY ARE ANTI-LIPID DRUGS GIVEN TO PATIENTS WITH UNSTABLE ANGINA? OBSOLETE DRUG FOR HTN, MAY CAUSE SUICIDAL IDEATION VASODILATOR THAT MAY CAUSE CYANIDE TOXICITY DOC HYPERTENSIVE EMERGENCY VASODILATOR FOR HYPERTENSION AND ALOPECIA

STATINS STABILIZE THE PLAQUES RESERPINE - NERVE TERMINAL BLOCKER NITROPRUSSIDE SODIUM NITROPRUSSIDE MINOXIDIL

Cracking D' Boards Study & Review Center Inc.

(MALE PATTERN BALDNESS) BLOCK VOLTAGE GATED L TYPE CALCIUM CHANNELS IN THE HEART. FOR SUPRAVENTRICULAR TACHYCARDIA. HAS A SIDE EFFECT OF GINGIVAL HYPERPLASIA DOC FOR PRINZMETAL'S ANGINA NON-DIHYDROPYRIDINE CCB USED TO TREAT ANGINA AND RAYNAUD'S PHENEMENON SHORT ACTING NITRATE THAT AFFECTS VEINS MORE WHAT IS THE ETIOLOGY OF NITRATE INDUCED HEADACHE? DOC ANGINA/CHEST PAIN ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION MOST COMMON CAUSE OF BRADYKININ INDUCED COUGH. ALSO DELAYS PROGRESSION OF DIABETIC NEPHROPATHY LEFT VENTRICULAR FAILURE / AMI FOR PULMONARY EDEMA RENIN ANTAGONIST. DRUG FOR HYPERTENSION CLASS 1 ANTIARRHYTHMIC WITH LUPUS LIKE SYNDROME AS A SIDE EFFECT CLASS 1 ANTIARRHYTHMIC THAT CAN CAUSE MARKED ANTIMUSCARINIC EFFECTS CLASS 1 ANTIARRHYTHMIC THAT CAN ALSO BE USED FOR MALARIA. SES OF CINCHONISM AND AUTOIMMUNE REACTIONS (ITP) DRUG FOR CLASS 1A ANTIARRHYTHMICS TO REVERSE DRUG INDUCED ARRHYTHMIAS LEAST CARDIOTOXIC ANTI-ARRHYTHMIC. DOC FOR VENTRICULAR ARRHYTHMIAS POST MI AND DIGOXIN INDUCED ARRHYTHMIAS. CONTRAINDICATED FOR POST MI ARRHYTHMIAS POST MI PROPHYLAXIS AGAINST SUDDEN DEATH, CAN ALSO BE USED FOR THYROTOXICOSIS USUALLY GIVEN FOR A-FIBRILLATION, HALLMARK IS PROLONGATION OF AP DURATION AND INCREASE IN QT INTERVAL BETA BLOCKER ANTIARRHYTHMIC THAT HAS CLASS 3 PROPERTIES A SUPER ANTI-ARRHYTHMIC WITH A SE OF MICROCRYSTALLINE DEPOSITS IN CORNEA AND SKIN DOC FOR SUPRAVENTRICULAR TACHYCARDIA CONDITION INDUCED BY ANTIARRHYTHMICS WHERE THERE IS POLYMORPHIC VENTRICULAR TACHYCARDIA ON ECG INCREASE NUMBER OF HIGH AFFINITY LDL RECEPTORS WHICH CLEAR LDL AND VLDL REMNANTS FROM THE BLOOD REVERSIBLE COMPETITIVE INHIBITOR OF HMG COA REDUCTASE BINDS BILE ACIDS, PREVENTING THEIR REABSORPTION AND INCREASING CHOLESTEROL UTILIZATION FOR REPLACEMENT A TRANSPORT PROCESS IN JEJUNAL ENTEROCYTES THAT MEDIATES GI UPTAKE OF CHOLESTEROL AND PHYTOSTEROLS. INHIBITED BY EZETIMIBE CHOLESTEROL ANALOG. TAKES THE PLACE OF DIETARY AND BILIARY CHOLESTEROL, DECREASING INTESTINAL ABSORPTION MOST EFFECTIVE AGENT FOR INCREASING HDL LEVELS PRE TREATMENT WITH THIS DRUG REDUCES NIACIN

MINOXIDIL - CAN CAUSE EXCESSIVE HAIR GROWTH VERAPAMIL (DILTIAZEM)

HYPERTRICHOSIS

OR

CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKER - DILTIAZEM DILTIAZEM NITROGLYCERIN MENINGEAL ARTERY VASODILATION NITRATES (IDEALLY SUBLINGUAL) ASPIRIN (SALICYLATES) CAPTOPRIL - ACE INHIBITOR ACE INHIBITOR FUROSEMIDE ALISKIREN PROCAINAMIDE - USED ESPECIALLY AFTER AN MI DISOPYRAMIDE QUINIDINE SODIUM LACTATE LIDOCAINE - CLASS 1B ANTIARRHYTHMIC FLECAINIDE - CLASS 1C ANTIARRHYTHMIC. USED FOR REFRACTORY ARRHYTHMIAS. PROPANOLOL - CLASS 2 ANTI ARRHYTHMIC CLASS 3 ANTIARRHYTHMICS SOTALOL AMIODARONE - CLASS 3 ANTI ARRHYTHMIC. USED FOR REFRACTORY ARRHYTHMIAS ADENOSINE ALTERNATE: VERAPAMIL TORSADES DE POINTES STATINS SIMVASTATIN - GIVEN BEFORE BEDTIME CHOLESTYRAMINE - BILE ACID MODESTLY LOWERS LDL LEVELS

BINDING

NPC1L1 TRANSPORTER SITOSTEROL NIACIN ASPIRIN

Cracking D' Boards Study & Review Center Inc.

RESIN,

ASSOCIATED FLUSHING ACTIVATES PPAR ALPHA AND INCREASES EXPRESSION OF LIPOPROTEIN LIPASE AND APOLIPOPROTEINS. DOC FOR HYPERTRIGLYCERIDEMIA. DISADVANTAGE OF FIBRATE + RESIN DISADVANTAGE OF STATIN + FIBRATE COMBINATIONS FOR FAMILIAL HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA

GEMFIBROZIL - LOWERS TRIGLYCERIDES, INCREASES HDL INCREASED RISK OF CHOLELITHIASIS INCREASED RISK OF MYOPATHY AND RHABSOMYOLYSIS NIACIN + STATIN, STATIN + EZETIMIBE

ANTICOAGULANTS DRUGS USE MAINLY FOR THE PREVENTION AND TREATMENT OF VENOUS THROMBOSIS ANTICOAGULANT THAT INHIBITS VIT K EPOXIDE REDUCTASE, USED FOR CHRONIC ANTICOAGULATION MOA: WARFARIN MOA: HEPARIN LABORATORY TO BE MONITORED IN PATIENTS TAKING WARFARIN HEPARIN - RAPID (MINUTES), WARFARIN - SLOW (DAYS) HEPARIN VS WARFARIN: ONSET? LABORATORY TO BE MONITORED IN PATIENTS TAKING ASPIRIN VITAMIN K DEPENDENT CLOTTING FACTORS CAUSES A SEVERE INFUSION REACTION WHEN ADMINISTERED TOO FAST (DYSPNEA, CHEST AND BACK PAIN) ANTICOAGULANT THAT BINDS AND POTENTIATES EFFECT OF ANTITHROMBIN III ON FACTOR XA (MORE SELECTIVE) DRUG THAT IS NEXT IN LINE IF THE PATIENT HAS AN ASPIRIN ALLERGY ANTIPLATELET DRUG THAT INHIBITS PHOSPHODIESTERASE III AND INCREASES CAMP, CAN ALSO CAUSE VASODILATION THROMBOLYTIC DRUG THAT HAS A SE OF CEREBRAL HEMORRHAGE ANTICOAGULATION IN PATIENTS WITH HEPARIN INDUCED THROMBOCYTOPENIA DRUG THAT INCREASES THE FACTOR VIII ACTIVITY OF PATIENTS WITH MILD HEMOPHILIA A OR VON WILLEBRAND DISEASE ANTIPLATELET DRUG THAT INTERFERES WITH GPIIB/IIIA BINDING TO FIBRINOGEN USED FOR ANEMIA ASSOCIATED WITH CHRONIC RENAL FAILURE

ANTICOAGULANTS - INHIBIT FORMATION OF FIBRIN CLOTS WARFARIN - SE OF WARFARIN INDUCED SKIN NECROSIS, HAS A NARROW THERAPEUTIC WINDOW WARFARIN IMPAIRS POST TRANSLATIONAL MODIFICATION OF FACTORS X IX VII II (1972) HEPARIN - ACTIVATES ANTITHROMBIN III PROTHROMBIN TIME HEPARIN - BLOOD, WARFARIN - LIVER HEPARIN - RAPID (MINUTES), WARFARIN - SLOW (DAYS) BLEEDING TIME FACTORS II, VII, IX, X VITAMIN K - ANTIDOTE TO WARFARIN, CAN ALSO PREVENT HEMORRHAGIC DIATHESES IN NEWBORNS ENOXAPARIN - LESS RISK OF THROMBOCYTOPENIA (VS HEPARIN), DOES NOT REQUIRE MONITORING WITH PTT CLOPIDOGREL - IRREVERSIBLY INHIBITS BINDING OF ADP TO PLATELET RECEPTORS DIPYRIDAMOLE - BY ITSELF HAS LITTLE OR NO BENEFIT, CONTRAINDICATED IN HEART FAILURE ALTEPLASE (STREPTOKINASE) CONVERTS PLASMINOGEN TO PLASMIN, DEGRADES THE FIBRIN AND FIBRINOGEN LEPIRUDIN - BINDS TO THROMBIN'S ACTIVE SITE AND INHIBITS ITS ENZYMATIC ACTION DESMOPRESSIN - VASOPRESSIN V2 RECEPTOR AGONIST (ADH AGONIST) ABCIXIMAB THROMBOSIS EPOETIN ALFA

USED

DURINGPCII

DIURETICS DIURETIC THAT INHIBITS NA/CL TRANSPORTER IN DISTAL CONVOLUTED TUBULE LOOP DIURETIC THAT INHIBITS NA/K/CL TRANSPORTER IN THE THICK ASCENDING LIMB OF THE LOOP OF HENLE SITE OF ACTION OF CARBONIC ANHYDRASE

HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE FUROSEMIDE PROXIMAL CONVOLUTED TUBULE

Cracking D' Boards Study & Review Center Inc.

TO

PREVENT

INHIBITORS (ACETAZOLAMIDE) WHY IS ACETAZOLAMIDE USED IN TREATING MOUNTAIN SICKNESS SITE OF URIC ACID TRANSPORT SITE OF ACTION OF LOOP DIURETICS, SITE OF CA AND MG REABSORPTION SITE OF ACTION OF THIAZIDE DIURETICS, PUMPS NA AND CL OUT OF THE LUMEN VIA THE NA/CL CARRIER CALCIUM IS REABSORBED IN THIS SEGMENT UNDER THE CONTROL OF PTH SITE OF ACTION OF POTASSIUM SPARING DIURETICS STEROID INHIBITORS OF CYTOPLASMIC ALDOSTERONE RECEPTOR IN CCD. CAN CAUSE GYNECOMASTIA RETAINS WATER IN TUBULE BY REDUCING REABSORPTION IN PROXIMAL TUBULES, DESCENDING LIMB OF THE LOOP OF HENLE AND COLLECTING DUCTS SITE OF ACTION OF ADH AGONISTS AND ANTAGONISTS

ACETAZOLAMIDE CAUSES METABOLIC ACIDOSIS RESULTING TO INCREASED RESPIRATION PROXIMAL CONVOLUTED TUBULE THICK ASCENDING LIMB OF THE LOOP OF HENLE DISTAL CONVOLUTED TUBULE DISTAL CONVOLUTED TUBULE CORTICAL COLLECTING DUCT SPIRONOLACTONE - POTASSIUM SPARING DIURETIC MANNITOL - OSMOTIC DIURETIC

MEDULLARY COLLECTING DUCT

NSAIDS ANTI-RHEUMATIC DRUGS EICOSANOIDS FIRST LINE TREATMENT FOR CHRONIC GOUT XANTHINE OXIDASE INHIBITOR USED IF PATIENT HAS AN ALLOPURINOL INTOLERANCE DOC ACUTE GOUTY ARTHRITIS MOA OF COLCHICINE

THE

DOC CHRONIC GOUT DOC MEDITERRANEAN FEVER ARTHRITIS + HISTORY OF PEPTIC ULCER RECOMMENDED ANALGESIC FOR OSTEOARTHRITIS SELECTIVELY INHIBITS COX 3, MILD ANALGESIC AND ANTIPYRETIC COX INHIBITOR KNOWN FOR CARDIOVASCULAR TOXICITY MOA: ASPIRIN AT WHAT DOSES DO ASPIRIN PRODUCE ANTIINFLAMMATORY EFFECTS? WHAT IS THE TOXIC AND LETHAL DOSE OF ASPIRIN? NSAID AND ANTIPLATELET DRUG THAT IS CONTRAINDICATED IN GOUT FULMINANT LIVER FAILURE NOTED AFTER A CHILD WITH A VIRAL INFECTION (E.G. INFLUENZA) WAS GIVEN ASPIRIN WHAT IS THE TRIAD OF ASPIRIN HYPERSENSITIVITY? MECHANISM OF ASPIRIN INTOXICATION THAT LEADS TO HAGMA (HIGH ANION GAP METABOLIC ACIDOSIS) WHAT IS THE PRESENTATION OF ASPIRIN INTOXICATION IN ADULTS? CHILDREN? GIVEN TO CHILDREN WITH KAWASAKI DISEASE IN ORDER TO PREVENT CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE ANTI-PLATELET OF CHOICE IN SECONDARY STROKE PREVENTION URICOSURIC AGENT THAT COMPETES WITH URIC ACID FOR REABSORPTION IN THE PROXIMAL TUBULES

ALLOPURINOL - ALLOXANTHINE IRREVERSIBLY INHIBITS XANTHINE OXIDASE AND LOWERS PRODUCTION OF URIC ACID FEBUXOSTAT COLCHICINE INHIBITS MICROTUBULE ASSEMBLY AGRANULOCYTOSIS, HEPATIC NECROSIS ALLOPURINOL COLCHICINE COX-1 INHIBITOR (CELECOXIB) ACETAMINOPHEN PARACETAMOL

MAY

CAUSE

ROFECOXIB (VIOXX) NONSELECTIVE, IRREVERSIBLE COX 1 AND 2 INHIBITOR. REDUCES PLATELET PRODUCTION OF THROMBOXANE A2 HIGH DOSES (2400-4000 MG/D) ASPIRIN - TOXIC DOSE OF 150MG/KG, LETHAL DOSE OF 500MG/KG ASPIRIN - PREVENTS URIC ACID EXCRETION REYES SYNDROME SAMTER TRIAD - ASTHMA, ASPIRIN SENSITIVITY, NASAL POLYPS UNCOUPLING OF OXIDATIVE PHOSPHORYLATION ADULTS - RESPIRATORY ALKALOSIS WITH HAGMA, CHILDREN - HAGMA ONLY ASPIRIN ASPIRIN PROBENECID - MAY PRECIPITATE ACUTE GOUT DURING EARLY PHASE OF DRUG ADMINISTRATION (CO ADMINISTER WITH COLCHICINE)

Cracking D' Boards Study & Review Center Inc.

NSAID USED TO CLOSE PDA NSAID THAT IS COMMONLY USED IN THE INITIAL TREATMENT OF GOUT AS THE REPLACEMENT FOR COLCHICINE DRUG USED FOR POST SURGICAL ANALGESIC CONTROL. THE ONLY IV NSAID, USE RESTRICTED TO 72HRS ONLY DMARD THAT MAY CAUSE HEMOLYTIC ANEMIA, METHEMOGLOBINIA AND REVERSIBLE INFERTILITY IN MEN DMARD OF FIRST CHOICE TO TREAT RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS DMARD THAT MAY MYELOSUPPRESSION

CAUSE

REVERSIBLE

DMARD USED DURING TISSUE TRANSPLANTATION DMARD AND CANCER CHEMOTHERAPEUTIC DRUG THAT MAY CAUSE HEMORRHAGIC CYSTITIS. RESCUE AGENT IS MESNA DMARD USED TO TREAT RA AND IBD BUT MAY CAUSE BONE MARROW SUPPRESSION, INCREASED RISK OF INFECTIONS. NEVER GIVE WITH ALLOPURINOL. DRUG FOR CROHN'S DISEASE BUT MAY CAUSE REACTIVATION OF LATENT TB PROSTAGLANDIN THAT INCREASES OUTFLOW THROUGH CANAL OF SCHLEMM PROSTAGLANDIN F2 ALPHA ANALOG USED IN THE TREATMENT OF GLAUCOMA PROSTAGLANDIN I2 ANALOG USED FOR PULMONARY HTN EICOSANOID RECEPTOR THAT ACTS AS A SLOW REACTING SUBSTANCE OF ANAPHYLAXIS EICOSANOID RECEPTOR THAT MAINTAINS PDA EICOSANOID RECEPTOR FOR PLATELET AGGREGATION PGE1 ANALOG THAT MAINTAINS PDA PGE1 ANALOG THAT MAINTAINS CAN BE USED FOR ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION

INDOMETHACIN - NONSELECTIVE REVERSIBLE COX 1 AND 2 INHIBITOR, INHIBITS PROSTAGLANDIN SYNTHESIS INDOMETHACIN INHIBIT URATE CRYSTAL PHAGOCYTOSIS KETOROLAC - NONSELECTIVE REVERSIBLE COX 1 AND 2 INHIBITOR, INHIBITS PROSTAGLANDIN SYNTHESIS SULFASALAZINE - SULFAPYRIDINE INHIBITS RELEASE OF INFLAMMATORY CYTOKINES

THE

METHOTREXATE - INHIBITS AICAR TRANSFORMYLASE AND THYMIDYLATE SYNTHETASE, MAY CAUSE A PSEUDOLYMPHOMATOUS REACTION MYCOPHENOLATE MOFETIL - INHIBITS INOSINE MONOPHOSPHATE DEHYDROGENASE AND T CELL LYMPHOCYTE PROLIFERATION CYCLOSPORINE - INHIBITS IL 1 AND 2 RECEPTOR AND T CELL RESPONSIVENESS CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE FORMS PHOSPHORAMIDE MUSTARD, WHICH CROSS LINKS DNA TO PREVENT CELL REPLICATION. ALSO SUPPRESSES T AND B CELL FUNCTION AXATHIOPRINE - FORMS 6 THIOGUANINE, SUPPRESSING B AND T CELL FUNCTION AND IMMUNOGLOBULIN PRODUCTION INFLIXIMAB - DMARD THAT BINDS TO TNF ALPHA LATANOPROST LATANOPROST - CAN ALTER COLOR OF THE EYELID CAUSING PERMANENT EYE COLOR CHANGE EPOPROSTENOL EICOSANOID RECEPTOR THAT ACTS REACTING SUBSTANCE OF ANAPHYLAXIS PGE1 AND PGE2 TXA2 ALPROSTADIL VASCULAR RELAXATION AND VASODILATION ALPROSTADIL

AS

SMOOTH

A

SLOW

MUSCLE

ONCOLOGY ANTI-NEOPLASTICS DOC FOR CHORIOCARCINOMA PANCREATIC CARCINOMA ISLET CELL TUMORS BRONCHOGENIC CA DOC FOR COLON CA USED FOR NEUTROPENIA ASSOCIATED WITH CHEMOTHERAPY ANTI-EMETIC USED FOR CHEMOTHERAPY INDUCED EMESIS FOR SECONDARY PREVENTION OF THROMBOCYTOPENIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING CYTOTOXIC CHEMOTHERAPY

METHOTREXATE 5-FU STREPTOZOCIN CISPLATIN/CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE + ETOPOSIDE 5-FU G CSF - MYELOID GROWTH FACTOR, ACCELERATES NEUTROPHIL RECOVERY ONDANSETRON

ALPHA 1 SELECTIVE ADRENERGIC ANTAGONIST THAT

TAMSULOSIN (PRAZOSIN)

OPRELVEKIN - MEGAKARYOCYTE GROWTH FACTOR THAT ACTIVATES IL 11 RECEPTORS

Cracking D' Boards Study & Review Center Inc.

IS MOST SELECTIVE FOR PROSTATIC SMOOTH MUSCLE ALPHA 2 SELECTIVE SYMPATHOMIMETIC THAT DECREASES SECRETION OF AQUEOUS HUMOR ALPHA 2 SELECTIVE SYMPATHOMIMETIC FOR THE TREATMENT OF PRE-ECLAMPSIA BETA NON SELECTIVE SYMPATHOMIMETIC USED FOR ASTHMA NON SELECTIVE BETA BLOCKER (ADRENERGIC ANTAGONIST) WITH THE LONGEST HALF LIFE SELECTIVE B1 BLOCKER (ADRENERGIC ANTAGONIST) USED FOR SUPRAVENTRICULAR TACHYCARDIA ADRENERGIC SYMPTOMS OF GRAVE DISEASE BETA BLOCKER THAT HAS ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION AS A SIDE EFFECT BETA 1 SELECTIVE SYMPATHOMIMETIC USED TO TREAT ACUTE HEART FAILURE BETA 2 SELECTIVE SYMPATHOMIMETIC, DOC FOR ACUTE ASTHMA ATTACKS BETA 2 SELECTIVE SYMPATHOMIMETIC THAT IS USED FOR TOCOLYSIS OF PRETERM LABOR DRUG USED FOR PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA (PRESURGICAL) 3 DRUGS USED TO CONTROL HYPERTENSION IN PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA DOC MALIGNANT HYPERTHERMIA TREATMENT FOR REBOUND HYPERTENSION CAUSED BY CLONIDINE CHOLINERGIC ANTAGONIST, APPLIED AS A TRANSDERMAL PATCH, USED FOR MOTION SICKNESS DRUGS THAT ARE IMPORTANT FOR PRODUCING COMPLETE SKELETAL MUSCLE RELAXATION IN SURGERY COMPETITIVELY BLOCKS NICOTINIC ACH RECEPTORS. USED FOR HYPERTENSIVE EMERGENCIES. SE OF POSTURAL HTN. SYMPATHOMIMETIC (NON-SELECTIVE, DIRECT ACTING). LAST RESORT DRUG FOR CARDIOGENIC SHOCK NON-SELECTIVE, DIRECT ACTING SYMPATHOMIMETIC USED FOR SHOCK AND HEART FAILURE

APRACLONIDINE (BRIMONIDINE) - FOR GLAUCOMA METHYLDOPA - DECREASES CENTRAL SYMPATHETIC OUTFLOW ISOPROTERENOL NADOLOL ESMOLOL - ALSO HAS THE SHORTEST HALF LIFE PROPANOLOL PROPANOLOL DOBUTAMINE - MAY ALSO BE USED IN CARDIAC STRESS TESTING ALBUTEROL/SALBUTAMOL TERBUTALINE AND RITODRINE PHENOXYBENZAMINE - ALPHA NON IRREVERSIBLE ADRENERGIC ANTAGONIST PHENOXYBENZAMINE PHENTOLAMINE LABETALOL DANTROLENE PHENTOLAMINE

SCOPOLAMINE SEROTONIN

-

ANTAGONIZES

SELECTIVE,

HISTAMINE

AND

NEUROMUSCULAR BLOCKERS HEXAMETHONIUM NOREPINEPHRINE DOPAMINE

RESPIRATORY DRUGS DOC FOR ACUTE ASTHMA ATTACKS LONG ACTING BETA 2 SELECTIVE AGONIST USED FOR ASTHMA PROPHYLAXIS DOC FOR ASTHMA PROPHYLAXIS SE OF FLUTICASONE MUSCARINIC RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST USED FOR ASTHMA AND COPD METHYLXANTHINE USED AS A PROPHYLAXIS FOR ASTHMA NOCTURNAL ATTACKS METHYLXANTHINE WITH A NARROW THERAPEUTIC

ALBUTEROL/SALBUTAMOL - SHORT ACTING BETA 2 SELECTIVE AGONIST WITH A SE OF TACHYCARDIA SALMETEROL FLUTICASONE - CORTICOSTEROID THAT INHIBITS PHOSPHOLIPASE A2 OROPHARYNGEAL CANDIDIASIS (ORAL THRUSH) GARGLE AFTER INHALING IPRATROPIUM - SE OF DRY MOUTH THEOPHYLLINE - SE OF SEIZURES, BETA BLOCKERS CAN BE USED AS AN ANTIDOTE IN OVERDOSAGE THEOPHYLLINE

Cracking D' Boards Study & Review Center Inc.

INDEX MAST CELL STABILIZER USED AS AN ASTHMA PROPHYLAXIS AND FOR ALLERGIES. NO BRONCHODILATOR ACTION TREATMENT OF SEVERE REFRACTORY ASTHMA (STATUS ASTHMATICUS) BLOCKS CYSTEINYL LEUKOTRIENE 1 RECEPTOR FOR LEUKOTRIENES CD4, D4 AND E4. USED AS ASTHMA PROPHYLAXIS PROPHYLAXIS OF SEVERE, REFRACTORY ASTHMA NOT RESPONSIVE TO ALL OTHER DRUGS

CROMOLYN IV HYDROCORTISONE MONTELUKAST - NO BRONCHODILATOR ACTION OMALIZUMAB - ANTI IGE ANTIBODY

SALAMAT D.O.C. (DRUG OF CHOICE) DISEASE CONDITION/CASE HSV, VZV, EBV, MUCOCUTANEOUS AND GENITAL HERPES LESIONS, PROPHYLAXIS IN IMMUNOCOMPROMISED PTS

DRUG OF CHOICE HOW IS ACYCLOVIR USED CLINICALLY?

PHOSPHORYLATION BY A VIRAL KINASE

HOW IS GANCICLOVIR ACTIVATED? CMV, ESP IN IMMUNOCOMPROMISED PATIENTS

HOW IS GANCICLOVIR USED CLINICALLY? HOW IS FOSCARNET USED CLINICALLY?

CMV RETINITIS IN IC PTS WHEN GANCICLOVIR FAILS

HOW IS RIBAVIRIN USED CLINICALLY?

RSV

HOW IS AMANTADINE USED CLINICALLY?

PROPHYLAXIS FOR INFLUENZA PARKINSON'S DISEASE

HOW IS AMPHOTERICIN B USED CLINICALLY?

WIDE SPECTRUM OF SYSTEMIC MYCOSES: CRYPTOCOCCUS, BLASTOMYCES, COCCIDIOIDES, ASPERGILLUS, HISTOPLASMA, CANDIDA, MUCOR

HOW IS GRISEOFULVIN USED CLINICALLY?

ORAL TREATMENT OF SUPERFICIAL INFECTIONS

WHAT ARE THE CLINICAL INDICATIONS FOR AZOLE THERAPY?

SYSTEMIC MYCOSES

WHAT DO YOU TREAT NEMATODE/ROUNDWORM (PINWORM, WHIPWORM) INFECTIONS WITH?

MEBENDAZOLE/ THIABENDAZOLE, PYRANTEL PAMOATE

WHAT DRUG IS USED TO TREAT TREMATODE/FLUKE (E.G., SCHISTOSOMES, PARAGONIMUS, CLONORCHIS) OR CYSTICERCOSIS

PRAZIQUANTEL

HOW IS LEISHMANIASIS TREATED?

A,

RUBELLA

;

PENTAVALENT ANTIMONY HOW WOULD YOU TREAT AFRICAN TRYPANOSOMIASIS (SLEEPING SICKNESS)?

SURAMIN

WHAT ARE THE CLINICAL USES GENERATION CEPHALOSPORINS?

FOR

1ST

GRAM + COCCI, PROTEUS MIRABILIS, KLEBSIELLA PNEUMONIAE (PECK)

WHAT ARE THE CLINICAL USES GENERATION CEPHALOSPORINS?

FOR

2ND

WHAT ARE THE CLINICAL USES GENERATION CEPHALOSPORINS?

FOR

3RD

GRAM + COCCI, HAEMOPHILUS INFLUENZA, ENTEROBACTER AEROGENES, NEISSERIA SPECIES, P. MIRABILIS, E. COLI, K. PNEUMONIAE, SERRATIA MARCESCENS ( HEN PECKS ) 1) SERIOUS GRAM - INFECTIONS RESISTANT TO OTHER BETA LACTAMS 2) MENINGITIS (MOST PENETRATE THE BBB)

Cracking D' Boards Study & Review Center Inc.

E.

COLI,

WHAT ARE THE CLINICAL USES FOR AZTREONAM?

GRAM - RODS: KLEBSIELLA SPECIES, PSEUDOMONAS SPECIES, SERRATIA SPECIES

WHAT ARE THE CLINICAL IMIPENEM/CILASTATIN?

GRAM + COCCI, GRAM - RODS, AND ANEROBES

USES

FOR

WHAT ARE THE MACROLIDES USED FOR CLINICALLY?

-UPPER RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTIONS -PNEUMONIAS - STDS: GRAM+ COCCI (STREPTOCOCCAL INFECT IN PTS ALLERGIC TO PENICILLIN) MYCOPLASMA, LEGIONELLA,CHLAMYDIA, NEISSERIA

WHAT ARE THE MAJOR STRUCTURAL DIFFERENCES BETWEEN PENICILLIN AND CEPHALOSPORIN?

CEPHALOSPORIN: 1) HAS A 6 MEMBER RING ATTACHED TO THE BETA LACTAM INSTEAD OF A 5 MEMBER RING 2)HAS AN EXTRA FUNCTIONAL GROUP ( ATTACHED TO THE 6 MEMBER RING)

HOW IS CHLORAMPHENICAL USED CLINICALLY?

MENINGITIS (H. INFLUENZA, PNEUMONIAE), CONSERATIVE TOXICITIES

WHAT ARE CLINICALLY?

AMINOGLYCOSIDES

USED

FOR

HOW IS RIFAMPIN USED CLINICALLY?

NAME TWO ORGANISMS COMMONLY USED FOR?

SEVERE GRAM - ROD INFECTIONS 1. MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS 2. DELAYS RESISTANCE TO DAPSONE WHEN USED OF LEPROSY 3. USED IN COMBINATION WITH OTHER DRUGS

VANCOMYCIN

WHAT ARE METHICILLIN, NAFCILLIN, DICLOXACILLIN USED FOR CLINICALLY?

IS AND

STAPHLOCOCCUS AUREUS AND CLOSTRIDIUM DIFFICILE (PSEUDOMEMBRANOUS COLITIS) STAPHLOCOCCUS AUREUS

WHAT ARE POLYMYXINS USED FOR?

RESISTANT GRAM - INFECTIONS

WHAT ARE THE ANTI-TB DRUGS?

RIFAMPIN, ETHAMBUTOL, PYRAZINAMIDE, ISONIAZID (INH)

WHAT CONDITIONS METRONIDAZOLE?

ARE

N. MENINGITIDIS, S. TREATMENT DUE TO

TREATED

WITH

KAWASAKI DISEASE

GIARDIASIS, AMOEBIC DYSENTERY (E. HISTOLYTICA), BACTERIAL VAGINITIS (GARDNERELLA VAGINALIS), TRICHOMONAS INTRAVENOUS LGG

WUCHERERIA BANCROFTI ENTEROBIUS VERMICULARIS (PINWORM) DIABETIC + PROTEINURIA HYPERTHYROIDISM/GRAVE’S DISEASE/THYROID STORM HYPOTHYROIDISM MYXEDEMA COMA HYPERTRIGLYCERIDEMIA OPOID TOXICITY PNEUMOCYSTIS JIROVECI PNEUMONIA TYPHOID FEVER DIPTHERIA LEPTOSPIROSIS MENINGOCOCCEMIA SYPHILIS HEPATIC ENCEPHALOPATHY

ASA-FOR CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE DEC MEBENDAZOLE ARB PTU LEVOTHYROXINE LIOTHYRONINE FENOFIBRATES NALOXONE TMP CEFTRIAXONE PCN DOXYCYCLINE RIFAMPICIN PCN LACTULOSE

SIDE EFFECTS/ADVERSE REACTIONS DRUG WHAT

ARE

THE

SIDE

EFFECTS

OF

STREPTOMYCIN,

SIDE EFFECT MINOR HEPATOTOXICITY,

DRUG

Cracking D' Boards Study & Review Center Inc.

RIFAMPIN?

INTERACTIONS (ACTIVATES P450)

SIDE EFFECTS OF ISONIAZID (INH)?

HEMOLYSIS (IF G6PD DEFICIENT), NEUROTOXICITY, HEPATOTOXICITY, SLE-LIKE SYNDROME

ETHAMBUTOL

OPTIC NEURITIS- BARREL VISION HYPERURICEMIA PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHY HEPATITIS ORANGE COLORED FLUIDS APLASTIC ANEMIA (DOSE INDEPENDENT), GRAY BABY SYNDROME

INH RIFAMPICIN WHAT ARE TOXICITIES ASSOCIATED WITH CHLORAMPHENICOL? WHAT ARE COMMON SERIOUS SIDE EFFECTS OF AMINOGLYCOSIDES AND WHAT ARE THESE ASSOCIATED WITH?

NEPHROTOXICITY (ESP. WITH CEPHALOSPORINS), OTOTOXICITY (ESP. WITH LOOP DIURETICS)

WHAT ARE COMMON TOXIC EFFECTS OF SULFONAMIDES?

-HYPERSENSITIVITY REACTIONS HEMOLYSIS - NEPHROTOXICITY (TUBULOINTERSTITIAL NEPHRITIS) KERNICTERUS IN INFANTS DISPLACE OTHER DRUGS FROM ALBUMIN (E.G., WARFARIN) GI DISCOMFORT, ACUTE CHOLESTATIC HEPATITIS, EOSINOPHILIA, SKIN RASHES

SIDE

WHAT ARE COMMON TOXICITIES ASSOCIATED WITH MACROLIDES? WHAT ARE COMMON TOXICITIES ASSOCIATED WITH TETRACYCLINES?

AVOID WITH ANTACIDS ALKALI SYNDROME)

(MILK

AVOID IN CHILDREN (CLOSURE OF EPIPHYSEAL PLATE) GI DISTRESS, TOOTH DISCOLORATION AND INHIBITION OF BONE GROWTH IN CHILDREN, FANCONI'S SYNDROME, PHOTOSENSITIVITY WHAT ARE COMMON TOXICITIES RELATED TO VANCOMYCIN THERAPY?

WELL TOLERATED IN GENERAL BUT OCCASIONALLY, NEPHROTOXICITY, OTOTOXICITY, THROMBOPHLEBITIS, DIFFUSE FLUSHING='RED MAN SYNDROME'

VANCOMYCIN

RED MAN SYNDROME

WHAT ARE MAJOR SIDE EFFECTS OF METHICILLIN, NAFCILLIN, AND DICLOXACILLIN?

HYPERSENSITIVITY REACTIONS

WHAT ARE THE MAJOR TOXIC SIDE EFFECTS OF THE CEPHALOSPORINS?

1) HYPERSENSITIVITY REACTIONS 2) INCREASED NEPHROTOXICITY OF AMINOGLYCOSIDES 3) DISULFIRAMLIKE REACTION WITH ETHANOL (THOSE WITH A METHYLTHIOTETRAZOLE GROUP, E.G., CEFAMANDOLE)

WHAT ARE THE POLYMYXINS?

NEUROTOXICITY, ACUTE TUBULAR NECROSIS

SIDE

EFFECTS

OF

WHAT ARE THE MAJOR TOXIC SIDE EFFECTS OF IMIPENEM/ CILASTATIN?

RENAL

GI DISTRESS, SKIN RASH, AND SEIZURES AT HIGH PLASMA LEVELS

Cracking D' Boards Study & Review Center Inc.

PRO-ARRHYTHMIC EFFECT PURPLE GLOVE SYNDROME FETAL HYDANTOIN SYNDROME GINGIVAL HYPERPLASIA CIMETIDINE

GYNECOMASTIA CYTOCHROME – 450 INDUCER INCREASED LEVELS BY GRAPEFRUIT COUGH (BRADYKININ)

ACE INHIBITORS

FETAL RENAL AGENESIS AVOID IN RENAL ARTERY STENOSIS STEVEN JOHNSON SYNDROME

SULFONAMIDES ANTICONVULSANTS ALLOPURINOL

WHAT ARE TOXIC SIDE EFFECTS FOR METRONIDAZOLE?

DISULFIRAM-LIKE REACTION WITH ETOH, HEADACHE

WHAT ARE AMANTADINE- ASSOCIATED SIDE EFFECTS?

ATAXIA, SPEECH

WHAT ARE COMMON SIDE EFFECTS OF AMPHOTERICIN B?

FEVER/CHILLS, HYPOTENSION, NEPHROTOXICITY, ARRHYTHMIAS

WHAT ARE COMMON SIDE EFFECTS OF PROTEASE INHIBITORS?

GI INTOLERANCE (NAUSEA, DIARRHEA), HYPERGLYCEMIA, LIPID ABNORMALITIES, THROMBOCYTOPENIA (INDINAVIR)

WHAT ARE COMMON SIDE EFFECTS OF RT INHIBITORS?

BM SUPPRESSION (NEUTROPENIA, ANEMIA), PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHY

DIZZINESS,

SLURRED

HEPATITIS DISSOCIATIVE ANESTHETIC SUCCINYLCHOLINE

MALIGNANT HYPERTHERMIA

SCOPOLAMINE

TWILIGHT SLEEP

CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE

HEMORRHAGIC CYSTITIS CARDIAC TOXICITY

BUPIVACAINE

CARDIAC TOXICITY

COCAINE/METAMPHETAMINE

DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY

Cracking D' Boards Study & Review Center Inc.

AMINOGLYCOSIDES

OTOTOXICITY

CISPLATIN

NEPHROTOXICITY

LITHIUM SALTS

DIABETES INSIPIDUS CYANIDE TOXICITY

NITROUS OXIDE

DIFFUSION ANOXIA

TAMOXIFEN

ENDOMETRIAL CA

DES

CLEAR CELL VAGINA SJS CATARACTS

SIDE EFFECT OF ALLOPURINOL

ADENOCA

OF

THE

Cracking D' Boards Study & Review Center Inc.