Manual Uso y Mantenimiento Pinzas
February 22, 2023 | Author: Anonymous | Category: N/A
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Ijgujf lc usm y ijgtcgbibcgtm pjrj fj pbgzj lc ijgbpufjkbûg lc gcuiêtbkms - \K ;,3 / \K 85.?; / \K :?.?; / \K :?.?; KX -
_bj Ijdcffjgm, 11 cocktujr sbciprc ug ijgtcgbibcgtm lbfbdcgtc lcf jkkcsmrbm, rcspctjglm fjs orckucgkbjs bglbkjljs pmr cf ojarbkjgtc> cgkmicgljr fjs bgspckkbmgcs y fjs mpcrjkbmgcs lc ijgtcgbibcgtm j fms kcgtrms lc jsbstcgkbj kujfbobkjlms y jutmrbzjlms> utbfbzjr cxkfusbvjicgtc rcpucstms mrbdbgjfcs.
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Bgomrijkbmgcs smarc fj scdurbljl Fccr jtcgtjicgtc fjs fjs bgstrukkbmgcs cxpucstjs cg cstc ijgujf. gckcsjrbj, ckcsjrbj, Cf pcrsmgjf quc cocktðc kujfqubcr tbpm lc tjrcj lcacrê kmgtjr kmg fj kmipctcgkbj tâkgbkj g utbfbzjr jlckujlms bgstruicgtms lc trjaj`m prmocsbmgjfcs y trjaj`jr cg jiabcgtcs blûgcms. Fjs pcrsmgjs quc mpcrcg kmg cf prmluktm lcacrêg cstjr prmtcdbljs kmg jlckujlms cqubpms lc prmtckkbûg bglbvblujf, lc kmgomribljl kmg fm prcvbstm pmr fj fcdbsfjkbûg jpfbkjafc cg cf pjés lc usm. Stbfbzjr cf jkkcsmrbm cxkfusbvjicgtc pjrj fms usms prcvbstms pmr cf ojarbkjgtc. Cf usm biprmpbm puclc jkjrrcjr rbcsdms pjrj fj sjful y pjrj fj scdurbljl lc fjs pcrsmgjs y prmvmkjr ljúms j fjs kmsjs.
Fms usms prcvbstms pmr cf ojarbkjgtc smg jqucffms lc kjrêktcr bglustrbjf y prmocsbmgjf, pjrj fms kujfcs cf jkkcsmrbm ej sblm lcsjrrmffjlm. lcsjrrmffjlm.
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Xjrj cocktujr trjaj`ms lc ijgtcgbibcgtm cg zmgjs zmgjs lc lboékbf jkkcsm m pmtcgkbjficgtc p pcfbdrmsjs, cfbdrmsjs, djrjgtbzjr fjs gckcsjrbjs kmglbkbmgcs lc scdurbljl pjrj sé ibsim y pjrj fms lciês, rcspctjglm fjs fcycs vbdcgtcs cg cf pjés, cg ijtcrbj lc scdurbljl cg cf trjaj`m. Cgkmicgljr sbciprc fjs mpcrjkbmgcs lc ijgtcgbibcgtm, bgspckkbûg y rcpjrjkbûg j ug tâkgbkm kujfbobkjlm, quc scj kmgskbcgtc lc fjs kmglbkbmgcs lc pcfbdrm. Cf tâkgbkm lc ijgtcgbibcgtm cxpcrtm cxpcrtm lcac sbciprc trjaj`jr kmg iukej prulcgkbj, prcstjglm fj iêxbij jtcgkbûg y rcspctjglm cskrupufmsjicgtc fjs gmrijs lc scdurbljl. Lurjgtc fj utbfbzjkbûg lcf jkkcsmrbm fms mpcrjlmrcs lcacg cqubpjrsc kmg rmpj lc trjaj`m prmocsbmgjf y/m kmg fms cqubpms lc prmtckkbûg bglbvblujf blcgtbobkjlms cg fjs bgstrukkbmgcs lc usm suibgbstrjljs pmr cf ojarbkjgtc y jqucffms prcvbstms pmr fjs fcycs vbdcgtcs cg cf pjés lc cipfcm cg ijtcrbj lc scdurbljl cg cf trjaj`m. [ustbtubr fms kmipmgcgtcs djstjlms utbfbzjglm rcpucstms mrbdbgjfcs. Gm jrrm`jr gb jajglmgjr ijtcrbjf kmgtjibgjgtc cg cf iclbm jiabcgtc> cfbibgjrfm rcspctjglm fjs fcycs vbdcgtcs cg cf pjés lc usm lcf prmluktm.
Qcpucstms Xjrj smfbkbtjr pbczjs lc rckjiabm cf kfbcgtc lcac kmgtjktjr lbrcktjicgtc kmg gucstrm [crvbkbm lc jsbstcgkbj tâkgbkj, kbtjglm cf imlcfm lc fj pbgzj lc ijgbpufjkbûg lc gcuiêtbkms, cf kmrrcspmglbcgtc gðicrm lc scrbc y fms kmipmgcgtcs m jpjrjtms quc sc rcqubcrcg.
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\K 85.?; Ijsj cg vjkém0 cf kfbcgtc quc kmpbj m ejkc kmpbjr kmipmgcgtcs mrbdbgjfcs mrbdbgjfcs sc cxpmgc j fms sjgkbmgcs prcvbstjs pmr fj fcy> fcy> cf Kcrtbobkjlm lc Kmgomribljl lcf jkkcsmrbm prcvâ fj rcspmgsjabfbljl lcf ojarbkjgtc cxkfusbvjicgtc kujglm sc rcspctcg fms pfjzms y fjs imljfbljlcs lc ijgtcgbibcgtm prcvbstjs cg cf Ijgujf lc usm y ijgtcgbibcgtm> ijgtcgbibcgtm> cf kfbcgtc quc gm rcspctc fms pfjzms pfjzms y fj orckucgkbj lc fms trjaj`ms lc ijgtcgbibcgtm cstjafckblms cg cstc Ijgujf lc usm y ijgtcgbibcgtm lcac ijgtcgbibcgtm lcac scr kmgskbcgtc quc cffm bipfbkj fj pârlblj lc tmlms fms lcrckems lc djrjgtéj. Gucstrj mrdjgbzjkbûg djrjgtbzj jf kfbcgtc0 kmipctcgkbj y kmgmkbibcgtm lc fms jpjrjtms y lcf rcspcktbvm ougkbmgjibcgtm> lbspmgbabfbljl lc kmipmgcgtcs y rcpucstms mrbdbgjfcs, lbstrbaublms cxkfusbvjicgtc pmr gucstrj smkbcljl y pmr fj rcl lc kmgkcsbmgjrbms> kmipctcgkbj lc pcrsmgjf kujfbobkjlm, kjpjz lc mpcrjr kmrrcktjicgtc y cg imlm âtbkm kmg fms cqubpms lc gucstrj ojarbkjkbûg> fms trjaj`ms rcjfbzjlms cg fms kcgtrms jutmrbzjlms> djrjgtéj smarc fms kmgstjgtc bggmvjkbûg lc fms jpjrjtms, drjkbjs j fj bgvcstbdjkbûg bgvcstbdjkbûg y cf lcsjrrmffm kmgtbgum pjrj fms kmipmgcgtcs y fms rcpucstms> jsbstcgkbj pjrj cf ijgtcgbibcgtm prcvcgtbvm> pcrsmgjf kujfbobkjlm y kjpjkbtjlm pjrj fj c`ckukbûg lc fms trjaj`ms cg fms jkkcsmrbms> ic`mrjibcgtm lcf prmluktm cg cf tbcipm, drjkbjs cf bgtcrkjiabm lc cxpcrbcgkbj y kmipctcgkbj tâkgbkj> kmgmkbibcgtm lctjffjlm lc tmlms fms jspcktms bgecrcgtcs j fjs pckufbjrbljlcs lc usm y j fjs smfukbmgcs tâkgbkjs lcf jkkcsmrbm> kmgtbgubljl lc gucstrj bgdcgbcréj> objabfbljl lc fms jpjrjtms j fm fjrdm lcf tbcipm, jðg cg fjs kmglbkbmgcs lc usm iês jlvcrsjs, drjkbjs j fj cxpcrbcgkbj ijlurjlj cg cf scktmr cg tmljs fjs imljfbljlcs lc usm> jpjrjtm pjrjtm pmr pjrtc lc gucstrj rcl lc tjffcrcs jutmrbzjlms y blmgcbljl y kmgmkbibcgtms lcf j kmgkcsbmgjrbms, kjpjkcs lc mpcrjr kmg lctcribgjkbûg pjrj djrjgtbzjr fj kjfbljl lc fj rcpjrjkbûg y fj rclukkbûg lc fms tbcipms lc bgtcrvcgkbûg.
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Bgstrukkbmgcs mpcrjtbvjs pjrj cf usujrbm Jtcgkbûg0 cg cstj sckkbûg pmlrêg jpjrckcr fms sbdubcgtcs séiamfms0
XCFBDQM0 cstj scújf bglbkj sbtujkbmgcs lc pcfbdrm drjvc quc, sb gm smg tcgbljs cg kucgtj, puclcg kmiprmictcr scrbjicgtc fj bgtcdrbljl oésbkj y fj scdurbljl lc fjs pcrsmgjs. pcrsmgjs.
BIXMQ\JG\C0 cstj scújf bglbkj bgomrijkbmgcs tâkgbkjs lc pjrtbkufjr bipmrtjgkbj quc gm lcacg scr lcskubljljs. lcskubljljs.
:.:. Kmgsblcrjkbmgcs prcfbibgjrcs Fj ijymr pjrtc lc fms jkkblcgtcs vbgkufjlms jf usm, cf ijgtcgbibcgtm y fj rcpjrjkbûg lc fms iclbms lc cfcvjkbûg, sc lcacg jf bgkuipfbibcgtm lc cfcicgtjfcs gmrijs lc scdurbljl. Bglbvblujfbzjglm fms rbcsdms pmtcgkbjfcs j fms kujfcs Sstcl cstê cxpucstm y tmijglm fjs prckjukbmgcs gckcsjrbjs, pmlrê cvbtjr cstms jkkblcgtcs. Cg pjrtbkufjr cf usujrbm lcacrê mascrvjr cskrupufmsjicgtc fjs sbdubcgtcs bglbkjkbmgcs0 [c lcacrê cvbtjr tmlj mpcrjkbûg m ijgbmarj gm bglbkjlj cg cstc Ijgujf lc Ssm y Ijgtcgbibcgtm Ijgtcgbibcgtm y, lc tmlms imlms, tmlj vcz quc jfdubcg jpfbquc ugj imljfbljl gm prcvbstj cgtrc fjs jkmgsc`jljs, lcacrê kcrkbmrjrsc quc fj ibsij djrjgtbkc su bgkmfuibljl, fj lc mtrjs pcrsmgjs y fj kmrrcktj dcstbûg lcf jpjrjtm> Gucstrj [mkbcljl ej lbscújlm cf jkkcsmrbm cg imlm ictbkufmsm y kmg cf smpmrtc lc bgstruicgtms y tckgmfmdéjs jprmpbjljs pjrj djrjgtbzjr fj scdurbljl. Cs iuy lboékbf sbg ciajrdm pmlcr cvjfujr tmljs fjs sbtujkbmgcs lc trjaj`m cg fjs quc sc puclc cgkmgtrjr cf jkkcsmrbm cg kucstbûg, cg fjs lbstbgtjs kmglbkbmgcs mpcrjtbvjs. Xmr fm tjgtm cs rcspmgsjabfbljl lcf usujrbm, jlciês jlci ês lc rcspctjr fjs bglbkjkbmgcs ljljs cg cstc Ijgujf lc Ssm y Ijgtcgbibcgtm, Ijgtcgbibcgtm, jlmptjr kmipmrtjibcgtms lurjgtc fj utbfbzjkbûg quc rcspctcg fjs lbspmsbkbmgcs y fcycs vbdcgtcs cg cf pjés lc usm, cg ijtcrbj lc sjful y scdurbljl cg cf trjaj`m, jsmkbjlms j ugj utbfbzjkbûg rcspmgsjafc lcf cqubpm, kjpjz lc prcvcr y prcvcgbr pmtcgkbjfcs sbtujkbmgcs lc pcfbdrm dcgcrjljs pmr pjrtbkufjrcs kmglbkbmgcs fmdéstbkjs, kfbiêtbkjs m vbgkufjljs jf cstjlm lc sjful lcf usujrbm ibsim. Cf bgkuipfbibcgtm lc fjs gmrijs lc scdurbljl cguicrjljs cg cf Ijgujf lc usm y ijgtcgbibcgtm pjrj fj utbfbzjkbûg, cf ijgtcgbibcgtm y fj rcpjrjkbûg lcf jkkcsmrbm, puclc prmvmkjr drjvcs jkkblcgtcs, bgkfusm imrtjfcs. :.1. Fbstjlm lc fms prbgkbpjfcs rbcsdms y rckmicgljkbmgcs smarc fj utbfbzjkbûg lcf jkkcsmrbm. Fccr jtcgtjicgtc cf cf ijgujf lc usm y ijgtcgbibcgtm> Jgtcs lc pmgcr cg scrvbkbm fj pbgzj pjrj fj ijgbpufjkbûg lc gcuiêtbkms, kcrkbmrjrsc lc fj kmipjtbabfbljl kmg cf ijgbpufjlmr tcfcskûpbkm cg usm> \cipcrjturj lc trjaj`m0 iég -:3 ¸K> iêx + ¸K>
Qcspctjr fms ljtms bglbkjlms cg fms drêobkms lc kjrdj. Gm bgtcgtjr gugkj fcvjgtjr fcvjgtjr kjrdjs supcrbmrcs j fjs jlibtbljs cg fms drêobkms lc kjrdj jl`ugtms j fj iêqubgj> [b fj pbgzj kucgtj kmg ugj kjpjkbljl lc cfcvjkbûg lbstbgtj quc fj drðj, tmijr kmim féibtc iêxbim cf vjfmr bgocrbmr lc fms lms> Kmfmkjr fj pbgzj pcrpcglbkufjr j fj kjrdj j cfcvjr. \mlj mtrj imljfbljl lc utbfbzjkbûg, kmim fj cfcvjkbûg lc kjrdjs mafbkujs m fj trjkkbûg, cstê tcribgjgtcicgtc prmebablj> Cstê prmebablm imlbobkjr fms lbspmsbtbvms lc scdurbljl quc cqubpjg fj pbgzj> Cstê prmebablm cocktujr imlbobkjkbmgcs quc juicgtcg fj kjpjkbljl lc fj pbgzj> \rjgspmrtjr sbciprc ffj j kjrdj cg pmsbkbûg aj`j y kmg cf arjzm tcfcskûpbkm kmipfctjicgtc rctrjélm> Jlckujr fj vcfmkbljl lcf ijgbpufjlmr tcfcskûpbkm j fjs kmglbkbmgcs lcf tcrrcgm> Lurjgtc fms lcspfjzjibcgtms sbg kjrdj ijgtcgcr cf arjzm tcfcskûpbkm kmipfctjicgtc rctrjélm y ejkbj jaj`m> Cvbtjr ijgbmarjs aruskjs lurjgtc ffj j ijgbpufjkbûg lc fj kjrdj> Cstê prmebablj fj utbfbzjkbûg lcf jkkcsmrbm kcrkj lc fégcjs cfâktrbkjs> ijgtcgcr sbciprc ugj lbstjgkbj lc scdurbljl lc pmr fm icgms 3 ictrms lc fjs ibsijs, smarc tmlm kujglm fjs fégcjs cstêg cg tcgsbûg m gm sc kmgmkc su cstjlm>
Bipclbr kujfqubcr pcrsmgj gm ejabfbtjlj puclj fjs kbrkufjr fjs êrcjs lc trjaj`m, utbfbzjglm pjrj cffmquc fj kmrrcspmglbcgtc scújfâtbkj y lcfbibtjglm êrcjscg kmim prcskrbac prcskrbacg g fms rcdfjicgtms, lbspmsbkbmgcs lbspmsbkb mgcs y fcycs vbdcgtcs cg ijtcrbj lc scdurbljl cg cf trjaj`m lcf pjés lc usm lc fj pbgzj pjrj fj ijgbpufjkbûg lc gcuiêtbkms gcuiêtbkms>>
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\rjgspmrtjr cxkfusbvjicgtc kjrdjs abcg cqubfbarjljs> Cf rctmrgm jf sucfm lcf jkkcsmrbm sc lcacrê prmlukbr cg ugj zmgj gm pcfbdrmsj y sbg mastêkufms> Gm lc`jr gugkj cf ijgbpufjlmr tcfcskûpbkm cstjkbmgjlm kmg ugj kjrdj fcvjgtjlj> Cs gckcsjrbm vcrbobkjr fj kmgsbstcgkbj lcf sucfm jgtcs lc utbfbzjr cf ijgbpufjlmr kmg cf jkkcsmrbm> Cf mpcrjlmr lcac suspcglcr cf usm lcf jkkcsmrbm cg kmglbkbmgcs lc pmkj vbsbabfbljl c bfuibgjkbûg> Lurjgtc cf trjaj`m cg jfturj, cs gckcsjrbm kmgtrmfjr kmgstjgtcicgtc quc fj vcfmkbljl lcf vb vbcgtm cgtm gm supcrc gugkj fms Gm usjr cf jkkcsmrbm kmg kmglbkbmgcs ictcmrmfûdbkjs iuy jlvcrsjs (tmricgtjs kmg rjyms)>
Bgstrukkbmgcs pjrj fj bgstjfjkbûg lcf jkkcsmrbm Xjrj ug usm bgtcdrjf lc fj pbgzj pjrj fj ijgbpufjkbûg lc gcuiêtbkms gcui êtbkms cs gckcsjrbm kmgcktjrfj prcvbjicgtc cg imlm kmrrcktm jf ijgbpufjlmr tcfcskûpbkm, kmim sc bglbkj j kmgtbgujkbûg. 1.:. Xmsbkbmgjibcgtm y cgdjgkec lcf smpmrtc iuftbougkbmgjf jf ijgbpufjlmr tcfcskûpbkm cf cgdjgkec lcf jkkcsmrbm lcacrê cstjr sbciprc j kjrdm lc pcrsmgjf ejabfbtjlm pjrj fj kmglukkbûg lcf ijgbpufjlmr tcfcskûpbkm> fjs pcrsmgjs quc cocktðcg fjs tjrcjs lc cgdjgkec lcf jkkcsmrbm lcacrêg cqubpjrsc kmg jlckujlms cqubpms lc prmtckkbûg bglbvblujf> prcstjr jtcgkbûg quc gm ejyj pcrsmgjs prcscgtcs cg fjs zmgjs jlyjkcgtcs jf ijgbpufjlmr y jf jkkcsmrbm lurjgtc su ijgbpufjkbûg>
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pmgcr cf c`c lc cgdjgkec lcf arjzm lcgtrm lcf jfm`jibcgtm prcscgtc cg fj cstrukturj lcf jkkcsmrbm>
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rcpctbr fj mpcrjkbûg lc kmgcxbûg pjrj cf tcrkcr jkmpfjibcgtm ijkem lc fj bgstjfjkbûg eblrêufbkj lcf jkkcsmrbm>
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bgtrmlukbr cf kmgcktmr cfâktrbkm lcf jkkcsmrbm cg cf jkmpfjibcgtm prcscgtc cg cf cxtrcim lcf arjzm lcf ijgbpufjlmr.
Qckmgmkbibcgtm jutmiêtbkm lcf jkkcsmrbm Cf ijgbpufjlmr tcfcskûpbkm kucgtj kmg ug sbstcij jutmiêtbkm lc rckmgmkbibcgtm lcf jkkcsmrbm imgtjlm cg cf vceékufm. Cf mpcrjlmr, lurjgtc cf jrrjgquc lcf ijgbpufjlmr tcfcskûpbkm, rckbac bgomrijkbmgcs cg fj pjgtjffj lc ijglm lc fj iêqubgj smarc cf tbpm lc cqubpm imgtjlm y pjrj pjsjr j fjs pjgtjffjs sukcsbvjs lcacrê kmgobrijr cf kûlbdm y fj rcspcktbvj lcskrbpkbûg lcf cqubpm imgtjlm. Cf sbstcij lc rckmgmkbibcgtm jutmiêtbkm blcgtbobkj fj tbpmfmdéj lcf cqubpm imgtjlm y kmiugbkj jf sbstcij lc kmgtrmf lc fj iêqubgj fms rcspcktbvms pjrêictrms, pjrj djrjgtbzjr fj dcstbûg lc fms pjrêictrms cg ojsc lc cfcvjkbûg y cxtcgsbûg lcf arjzm tcfcskûpbkm.
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Kjlj vcz quc cf mpcrjlmr cgkbcglc cf ijgbpufjlmr pjrj pmlcr pjsjr j fjs vcgtjgjs sukcsbvjs, lcac kmgobrijr sbciprc cf cqubpm imgtjlm cg cf cxtrcim lcf arjzm0 cf mpcrjlmr lcacrê kmgobrijr kmg cf amtûg kmg cf vbstm _CQLC _CQLC ‖’ cf jkkcsmrbm pjrj sbgkrmgbzjr fms pjrêictrms y fms i imvbibcgt mvbibcgtms ms lcf ijgbpufjlmr kmg cf jkkcsmrbm imgtjlm. Lcacrê cocktujr cf ibsim prmkclbibcgtm pjrj kmgobrijr fj juscgkbj lc cqubpm imgtjlm. Cg kjsm lc gm rckmgmkbibcgtm m rckmgmkbibcgtm crrûgcm lcf cqubpm imgtjlm cg cf arjzm tcfcskûpbkm, cf mpcrjlmr lcacrê scfckkbmgjr cf amtûg QM@M QM@M ‖U’ ‖U’ prcscgtc prcscgtc cg fj pjgtjffj. Cg cstj kmglbkbûg cf ijgbpufjlmr trjaj`j cg imljfbljl ‖trjgspmrtc’ kmg fbibtjkbmgcs cg fms imvbibcgtms lcf arjzm y lc fj tmrrctj, ejstj fj rcsmfukbûg lcf prmafcij.
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K1
K:
Imvbibcgtm K:0 bgkfbgjglm fj pjfjgkj ejkbj jlcfjgtc sc jktbvj fj rmtjkbûg cg scgtblm emrjrbm lc fj pbgzj,
Imvbibcgtm K10 K10 bgkfbgjglm fj pjfjgkj ejkbj jtrês sc jktbvj fj rmtjkbûg cg scgtblm jgtbemrjrbm lc fj pbgzj,
Imvbibcgtms lc tbpm L
Imvbibcgtm L:0 bgkfbgjglm fj pjfjgkj ejkbj fj lcrckej sc jktbvj fj trjsfjkbûg smarc cf pfjgm emrbzmgtjf lcf jkkcsmrbm ejkbj fj lcrckej,
L:
L1
Imvbibcgtm L10 bgkfbgjglm fj pjfjgkj ejkbj fj bzqubcrlj sc jktbvj fj trjsfjkbûg smarc cf pfjgm emrbzmgtjf lcf jkkcsmrbm ejkbj fj bzqubcrlj,
Imvbibcgtms lc tbpm Q: Q:j+J
Q:a+J
Q:j+J
Imvbibcgtm Q:j + amtûg J lc fj amtmgcrj0 dbrjglm fj ruclj Q: ejkbj jlcfjgtc sbiuftêgcjicgtc j fj prcsbûg lcf amtûg J lc fj amtmgcrj , sc jkkbmgj fj jpcrturj lc fms arjzms lc fj pbgzj.
Imvbibcgtm Q:a + amtûg J lc fj amtmgcrj0 dbrjglm fj ruclj Q: ejkbj jtrês sbiuftêgcjicgtc j fj prcsbûg lcf amtûg J lc fj amtmgcrj, amtmgcrj, sc jkkbmgj cf kbcrrc lc fms arjzms lc fj pbgzj.
\K-C[-[1.Q:.lmkx \K-C[-[1.Q :.lmkx
pêd. 2 lc :5
Imvbibcgtms lc tbpm Q1 Imvbibcgtm Q1j0 dbrjglm fj ruclj Q1 ejkbj jlcfjgtc sc jkkbmgj fj rmtjkbûg ejkbj jlcfjgtc (lbrckkbûg lc ijrkej) lc fjs jfimejlbffjs lc su`ckbûg.
Q1j
Q1a
Imvbibcgtm Q1a0 dbrjglm fj ruclj Q1 ejkbj jtrês sc jkkbmgj fj rmtjkbûg ejkbj jtrês lc fjs jfimejlbffjs lc su`ckbûg.
Imvbibcgtms lc tbpm Q1 ([mfm pjrj pbgzj imlcfm \K :?.?; KX) Imvbibcgtm Q1j + amtûg L lc fj amtmgcrj0 dbrjglm fj ruclj Q1 ejkbj jlcfjgtc sbiuftêgcjicgtc j fj prcsbûg lcf amtûg L lc fj amtmgcrj , sc jkkbmgj cf kbcrrc lc fjs jfimejlbffjs lc scdurbljl.
Q1a + L
Q1j + L
Imvbibcgtm Q1a + amtûg L lc fj amtmgcrj0 dbrjglm fj ruclj Q1 ejkbj jtrês sbiuftêgcjicgtc j fj prcsbûg lcf amtûg L lc fj amtmgcrj , sc jkkbmgj fj jpcrturj lc fjs jfimejlbffjs lc scdurbljl.
\K-C[-[1.Q:.lmkx \K-C[-[1.Q :.lmkx
pêd. :8 lc :5
3.
Lcskrbpkbûg lcf ougkbmgjibcgtm lcf ijglm j lbstjgkbj fjlm bzqubcrlm
pjgcf ormgtjf
fjlm lcrckem
: 3 1
?
;
4
<
5
2
:: :8
:
scfcktmr QXI
pcribtc cf juicgtm ^+Y m fj lbsibgukbûg ^-Y lcf râdbicg lcf imtmr târibkm
1
scfcktmr \bft/Mptbmgjf
-
cg pmsbkbûg \bft ejabfbtj cf lcspfjzjibcgtm lcf jkkcsmrbm y fj cfcvjkbûg lcf arjzm
-
cg pmsbkbûg Mptbmgjf ejabfbtj fms prmdrjijs pjrj fj ijgbpufjkbûg lcf jkkcsmrbm
;
`mystbkn bzqubcrlm [U
;.: bgkfbgjkbûg ejkbj fj bzqubcrlj y ejkbj fj lcrckej lc fj fj pjfjgkj
-
gbgdðg imvbibcgtm prmdrjijlm
;.1 bgkfbgjkbûg ejkbj jrrbaj lc fj pjfjgkj
-
ijglm lc cxtcgsbûg lcf arjzm tcfcskûpbkm
\K-C[-[1.Q:.lmkx \K-C[-[1.Q :.lmkx
pêd. :: lc :5
;.; bgkfbgjkbûg ejkbj jaj`m lc fj pjfjgkj
-
ijglm lc rctrjkkbûg lcf arjzm tcfcskûpbkm
<
FCLs lc bglbkjkbûg lc fj ougkbûg scfckkbmgjlj
Fms FCLs cg fj cskjfj j kmfmr bglbkjg cf pmrkcgtj`c lc kjrdj rcdbstrjlm pmr fj iêqubgj. Cstj cskjfj cs icrjicgtc bglbkjtbvj0 - vcrlc0 kmglbkbmgcs lc kjrdj tmtjficgtc scdurjs, - jijrbffm0 vjfmr lc kjrdj cqubvjfcgtc jf 43% lcf vjfmr iêxbim jlibsbafc, - gjrjg`j0 vjfmr lc kjrdj cqubvjfcgtc jf 28% lcf vjfmr iêxbim jlibsbafc, - rm`m0 vjfmr lc kjrdj iêxbim,
Fms FCL cg fj cskjfj guiârbkj scújfjg fms prmdrjijs prclcobgblms pjrj fj ijgbpufjkbûg lcf jkkcsmrbm, scfckkbmgjafcs kmg cf scfcktmr ‖MX\./[CFCK\’> :- \rjsfjkbûg, 1- Jpcrturj pbgzj, ;- Qmtjkbûg pbgzj,
-
prcsbûg lcf amtûg lc cicrdcgkbj>
pjrj lcvmfvcr fj mpcrjtbvbljl jf amtûg lc cicrdcgkbj cs gckcsjrbm rcjrijrfm>
-
dbrjr cf amtûg cg scgtblm emrjrbm pjrj rcjrijrfm y lcvmfvcrfc su mpcrjtbvbljl fucdm lc ejacrfm utbfbzjlm>
? -
scfcktmr fbcarc/tmrtudj
cg pmsbkbûg fbcarc sc ejabfbtjg fms imvbibcgtms ljlms smfm smfm jf jf arjzm tcfcskûpbkm j vcfmkbljl cstêgljr> cg pmsbkbûg tmrtudj sc ejabfbtjg fms imvbibcgtms ljlms smfm smfm jf jf arjzm tcfcskûpbkm j vcfmkbljl rclukblj j fj ibtjl rcspcktm j fj pmsbkbûg fbcarc>
\K-C[-[1.Q:.lmkx \K-C[-[1.Q :.lmkx
pêd. :1 lc :5
4
`mystbkn lcrckem LU
4.: bgkfbgjkbûg ejkbj fj bzqubcrlj lc fj pjfjgkj -
bgtcrruptmr tbft/mptbmgjf cg pmsbkbûg \bft \bft00 lcspfjzjibcgtm lcf jkkcsmrbm kmg jfjrdjibcgtm lcf kbfbglrm eblrêufbkm>
-
bgtcrruptmr tbft/mptbmgjf cg pmsbkbûg Mptbmgjf Mptbmgjf00 ijgbpufjkbûg lcf jkkcsmrbm cg ougkbûg lcf prmdrjij scfckkbmgjlm>
4.1 bgkfbgjkbûg ejkbj fj lcrckej lc fj pjfjgkj -
bgtcrruptmr tbft/mptbmgjf cg pmsbkbûg \bft \bft00 lcspfjzjibcgtm lcf jkkcsmrbm kmg jkmrtjibcgtm lcf kbfbglrm eblrêufbkm>
-
bgtcrruptmr tbft/mptbmgjf cg pmsbkbûg Mptbmgjf Mptbmgjf00 ijgbpufjkbûg lcf jkkcsmrbm cg ougkbûg lcf prmdrjij scfckkbmgjlm>
4.; bgkfbgjkbûg ejkbj jrrbaj lc fj pjfjgkj
-
lcskcgsm lcf arjzm tcfcskûpbkm>
4.< bgkfbgjkbûg ejkbj jaj`m lc fj pjfjgkj
-
suablj lcf arjzm tcfcskûpbkm>
scfcktmr MX\.[CFCK\ pcribtc scfckkbmgjr cf prmdrjij prclcobgblm pjrj fj ijgbpufjkbûg lcf jkkcsmrbm, kmg ^+Y sc bgkrcicgtj cf pjsj`c lc ug prmdrjij j mtrm, kmg ^^-Y lbsibguyc. Fms prmdrjijs scfckkbmgjlms sc bglbkjg cg fj cskjfj FCL kmg fj ibsij guicrjkbûg.
5 -
:- trjsfjkbûg, 1- jpcrturj pbgzj, pbgzj, ;- rmtjkbûg pbgzj, imvbcglm cf `mystbkn LU ejkbj fj bzqubcrlj sc jktbvj fj trjsfjkbûg lcf jkkcsmrbm ejkbj fj lcrckej> Xrmdrjij0 jpcrturj pbgzj mpcrjkbûg c`ckutjafc smfm kmg cf amtûg GCDQM lc kmgscgsm jprctjlm imvbcglm cf `mystbkn LU ejkbj fj lcrckej sc jktbvj jktbvj cf kbcrrc kbcrrc lc fjs pbgzjs> imvbcglm cf `mystbkn LU ejkbj fj bzqubcrlj sc jktbvj jktbvj fj fj jp jpcrturj crturj lc fjs pbgzjs. Xrmdrjij0 rmtjkbûg lc fj pbgzj imvbcglm cf `mystbkn LU LU ejkbj ejkbj fj lcrckej lcrckej sc jktbvj fj rmtjkbûg lcf j jkkcsmrbm kkcsmrbm cg scgtblm jgtbemrjrbm> imvbcglm cf `mystbkn LU ejkbj fj bzqubcrlj sc jktbvj fj rmtjkbûg lcf jkkcsmrbm cg scgtblm emrjrbm> Xrmdrjij0 rmtjkbûg jfimejlbffj jfimejlbffj -
imvbcglm cf `mystbkn LU ejkbj fj lcrckej sc jktbvj fj rmtjkbûg lc fjs jfimejlbffjs lc su`ckbûg ejkbj jlcfjgtc (lbrckkbûg lc ijrkej)> imvbcglm c cff `mystbkn `mystbkn LU ejkbj fj bzqubcrlj sc jktbvj fj fj rmtjkbûg lc fjs fjs jfimejlbffjs lc su`ckbûg ejkbj jtrês (ejkbj fj kjabgj).
\K-C[-[1.Q:.lmkx \K-C[-[1.Q :.lmkx
pêd. :; lc :5
2 -
amtûg vcrlc [\JQ\
jktbvj fj kmgcxbûg lcf ijglm j lbstjgkbj kmg fj iêqubgj,
:8 -
bgtcrruptmr
dbrjr cf bgtcrruptmr gcdrm prcscgtc cg cf fjlm bzqubcrlm lc fj amtmgcrj j fj pmsbkbûg B pjrj cgkcglcr cf ijglm j lbstjgkbj, dbrjr cf bgtcrruptmr gcdrm prcscgtc cg cf fjlm bzqubcrlm lc fj amtmgcrj j fj pmsbkbûg M pjrj jpjdjr cf ijglm j lbstjgkbj>
:: -
?.
amtûg gcdrm lc kmgscgsm
jprctjglm cf amtûg prcscgtc cg cf fjlm lcrckem lcf ijglm j lbstjgkbj sc ejabfbtjg ejabfbtjg imvbibcgtms lcf jkkcsmrbm gmrijficgtc afmqucjlms pmr scdurbljl.
Kmgtrmf lcf cstjlm y sustbtukbûg lc fjs ajtcréjs Fj kmgsmfj lc ijglm puclc ougkbmgjr pjrj trjgsibsbmgcs véj rjlbm sûfm sb cstê jfbicgtjlj kmg fjs kmrrcspmglbcgtcs ajtcréjs rckjrdjafcs suibgbstrjljs kmg cf cqubpm. Cs gckcsjrbm cocktujr fj rckjrdj lc fjs ajtcréjs kmg ugj orckucgkbj jlckujlj, cg ougkbûg lc fjs emrjs lc usm lc fj kmgsmfj. Xuclcg utbfbzjrsc sûfm ajtcréjs mrbdbgjfcs lcf ojarbkjgtc lc fj kmgsmfj. scújfbzjkbûg lcf cstjlm lc fjs ajtcréjs
Jf kcgtrm lc fj kmgsmfj lc ijglm cstêg prcscgtcs lms séiamfms quc bglbkjg cf cstjlm lc kjrdj lc fjs ajtcréjs jkmipjújlms pmr ug fcl vcrlc (ajtcréjs kjrdjljs) y ug fcl rm`m (ajtcréjs lcskjrdjljs).
séiamfm lc ajtcréj kjrdjlj y fcl bglbkjlmr vcrlc
séiamfm lc ajtcréj jdmtjlj y fcl bglbkjlmr rm`m
sustbtukbûg lc fjs ajtcréjs lcf ijglm j lbstjgkbj
:
-
ljr vucftj cf ijglm j lbstjgkbj pjrj pmlcr jkkclcr j fj ajtcréj (kmfmr gcdrm),
1 -
Ojsc
Ojsc
cipu`jr fj ajtcréj ejkbj cf fjlm lcrckem lcf ijglm j lbstjgkbj prcsbmgjglm fcvcicgtc y, sbiuftêgcjicgtc, su`ctjglm fj kj`j cxtcrgj lcf ijglm j lbstjgkbj>
\K-C[-[1.Q:.lmkx \K-C[-[1.Q :.lmkx
pêd. :< lc :5
;
-
Ojsc
qubtjr fj ajtcréj jdmtjlj lc su jfm`jibcgtm>
<
-
Ojsc
kmfmkjr fj ajtcréj jdmtjlj cg cf kjrdjlmr lc ajtcréj>
?.:. [cújfbzjkbmgcs fuibgmsjs prcscgtcs cg cf pjgcf lc kmgtrmf Cf pjgcf lc kmgtrmf prcscgtj lms FCL> cf lc fj bzqubcrlj lc kmfmr vcrlc y cf lc fj lcrckej lc kmfmr rm`m. Fms ibsims suibgbstrjg jfdugjs bgomrijkbmgcs bgecrcgtcs jf ijglm j lbstjgkbj.
FCL vcrlc
FCL rm`m
Fjs bgomrijkbmgcs lbspmgbafcs smg fjs sbdubcgtcs0 cstjlm lcf FCL vcrlc
sbdgbobkjlm
jpjdjlm
fj ugbljl trjgsibsmrj cstê jpjdjlj
pjrpjlcj fcgtjicgtc
cf ijglm j lbstjgkbj cstê jktbvjlm, pcrm fj kmgcxbûg rjlbmcfâktrbkj gm cstê prcscgtc
pjrpjl cj vcfmzicgtc pjrpjlcj vcfmzi cgtc cstjlm lcf FCL QM@M j
fj ugbljl trjgsibsmrj cstê cgkcglblj y fj kmgcxbûg rjlbmcfâktrbkj cstê prcscgtc sbdgbobkjlm
jpjdjlm
fj ugbljl trjgsibsmrj ougkbmgj kmrrcktjicgtc
bgtcribtcgtc
fj ajtcréj sc cstê lcskjrdjglm
cgkcglblm pmr 1 scduglms a fj ugbljl trjgsibsmrj gm ougkbmgj kmrrcktjicgtc pjrpjlcj ugj vcz a
cg cf cgkcglblm fj ugbljl trjgsibsmrj lctcktj quc cf amtûg lc [\MX cstê jktbvjlm m jvcrbjlm
pjrpjlcj lms vckcs a
cg cf cgkcglblm fj ugbljl trjgsibsmrj lctcktj quc ug ijglm cgtrc L1-L18 m cf [JOC\R cstê jktbvjlm m cstê jvcrbjlm
pjrpjlcj trcs vckcs a
cg cf cgkcglblm fj ugbljl trjgsibsmrj lctcktj quc fj ajtcréj cstê jdmtjlj
j cf
cgkcglblm lcf FCL rm`m cstê jkmipjújlm pmr ugj scújfbzjkbûg jkðstbkj
a fucdm
lc fj scújfbzjkbûg sc jpjdj fj ugbljl trjgsibsmrj
\K-C[-[1.Q:.lmkx \K-C[-[1.Q :.lmkx
pêd. :3 lc :5
?.1. Ljtms tâkgbkms Jfbicgtjkbûg (ajtcréj IAI8?IE) Jgtcgj Ijtcrbjf lc fj kj`j Drjlm lc prmtckkbûg Lbicgsbmgcs Xcsm Jutmgmiéj (j 18 ¸K)
GbIE 4,1 _ bgtcrgj XJ ? (18% od) BX?3 135 x :48 x :1? ii :,; nd :: e
?.;. Xfjkjs Cg fj ugbljl trjgsibsmrj cstêg prcscgtcs trcs pfjkjs0 lc blcgtbobkjkbûg lcf ijglm j lbstjgkbj0 pmsbkbmgjlj cg fj [-NCR y quc kmgtbcgc cf gðicrm lc ijtrékufj lcf ijglm j lbstjgkbj> lc blcgtbobkjkbûg blcgtbobkjkbûg lc fj ugbljl trjgsibsmrj0 pmsbkbmgjlj cg cf cf jfm`jibcgtm lc fj ajtcréj y quc kmgtbcgc cf júm lc ojarbkjkbûg y cf gðicrm lc blcgtbobkjkbûg lc fj ugbljl trjgsibsmrj> ljtms tâkgbkms0 pmsbkbmgjlj cg cg cf jfm`jibcgtm lc fj ajtcréj y quc kmg kmgtbcgc tbcgc cf imlcfm, fj tbpmfmdéj, fms prbgkbpjfcs ljtms tâkgbkms lc fj ugbljl trjgsibsmrj, cf ijrkjlm y fjs cvcgtujfcs ijrkjs lcf ijglm j lbstjgkbj. 4.
Xrmkclbibcgtm lc jktbvjkbûg pjrj cf usm lcf ijglm j lbstjgkbj 4.:
Ojsc
-
jrrjgkjr cf ijgbpufjlmr tcfcskûpbkm y cocktujr fj blcgtbobkjkbûg lcf cqubpm>
-
amtmgcs lc scfckkbûg jkkcsmrbm0
Kjlj vcz quc cf mpcrjlmr cgkbcglc cf ijgbpufjlmr pjrj pmlcr pjsjr j fjs vcgtjgjs sukcsbvjs, lcac kmgobrijr sbciprc cf cqubpm imgtjlm cg cf cxtrcim lcf arjzm0 cf mpcrjlmr lcac kmgobrijr kmg cf amtûg kmg cf vbstm _CQLC _CQLC ‖’ cf jkkcsmrbm pjrj sbgkrmgbzjr fms pjrêictrms y fms imvbibcgtms lcf ijgbpufjlmr kmg cf jkkcsmrbm imgtjlm. Lcacrê cocktujr cf ibsim prmkclbibcgtm pjrj kmgobrijr fj juscgkbj lc cqubpm imgtjlm. Cg kjsm lc gm rckmgmkbibcgtm m rckmgmkbibcgtm crrûgcm lcf cqubpm imgtjlm cg cf arjzm tcfcskûpbkm, cf mpcrjlmr lcacrê scfckkbmgjr cf amtûg QM@M QM@M ‖U’ ‖U’ prcscgtc prcscgtc cg fj pjgtjffj. Cg cstj kmglbkbûg cf ijgbpufjlmr trjaj`j cg imljfbljl ‖trjgspmrtc’ kmg fbibtjkbmgcs cg fms imvbibcgtms lcf arjzm y lc fj tmrrctj, ejstj fj rcsmfukbûg lcf prmafcij. 4.1
Ojsc
-
pmsbkbmgjr fj iêqubgj smarc ugj supcrobkbc pfjgj>
-
qubtjr fj ijrkej kmfmkjglm cf kjiabm cg gcutrm> gcutrm>
4.;
Ojsc
-
jktbvjr cf orcgm lc cstjkbmgjibcgtm lc fj iêqubgj, jprctjglm cf amtûg prcscgtc cg fj kmfuigj lc lbrckkbûg, aj`m cf vmfjgtc> vmfjgtc>
-
kcrkbmrjrsc quc sc cgkbcglj fj fuz bglbkjlmrj cg cf pjgcf drêobkm> drêobkm>
_bsujfbzjkbûg cg cf pjgcf têktbf têktbf
\K-C[-[1.Q:.lmkx \K-C[-[1.Q :.lmkx
pêd. :? lc :5
4.< -
Ojsc
jktbvjkbûg lcf rckmgmkbibcgtm lcf ijglm j lbstjgkbj pmr pjrtc lc fj ugbljl lc rckcpkbûg> rckcpkbûg>
4.3
-
Ojsc
cgkcglcr cf ijglm j lbstjgkbj dbrjglm fj rcspcktbvj ffjvc gcdrj prcscgtc cg cf fjlm bzqubcrlm>
4.?
Ojsc
-
jprctjr cf amtûg vcrlc (ugj vcz) pjrj cf rckmgmkbibcgtm pmr pjrtc lcf sbstcij lcf ijglm j lbstjgkbj>
-
ugj vcz quc sc cstjafckc fj kmgcxbûg sc rckbac ugj scújfbzjkbûg fj amkbgj lcf jkðstbkj vceékufm>iclbjgtc 4.4
-
Ojsc
[b cf imtmr lcf ijgbpufjlmr tcfcskûpbkm cstê jpjdjlm, jprctjr cf amtûg vcrlc lc stjrt pjrj cf jrrjgquc>
- FSCDM LC COCK\SJQ C[\J [CKSCGKBJ LC MXCQJKBMGC[ CF IJGLM J LB[\JGKBJ QC[SF\J MXCQJ\B_M . 4.5 4.5
-
Ojsc Ojsc
Xjrj lcsjktbvjr fj amtmgcrj mpcrjr kmg cf bgtcrruptmr lc ffjvc prcscgtc lcf fjlm bzqubcrlm.
\K-C[-[1.Q:.lmkx \K-C[-[1.Q :.lmkx
pêd. :4 lc :5
5. Ijgbpufjkbûg lc fms XJL (jfimejlbffjs) lc scdurbljl Fjs pbgzjs gcuiêtbkjs kucgtjg kmg ug XJL lc su`ckbûg cg kjlj arjzm (cvblcgkbjlm cg rm`m), quc lbobcrc scdðg cf imlcfm lc pbgzj, kmim sc bfustrj j kmgtbgujkbûg. Cstms jpâglbkcs ejg sblm cspckbjficgtc cstulbjlms pjrj cfbibgjr cf rbcsdm lc quc fucdm lc jocrrjr cf gcuiêtbkm, cf ibsim puclj lcsfbzjrsc ejkbj cf bgtcrbmr lc fj cstrukturj lc fj pbgzj, ljújglm kmipmgcgtcs ickêgbkms c eblrêufbkms lc fj ibsij.
\K ;,3
\K 85.?; y \K :?.?;
\K :?.?; KX
Cstms XJL, scdðg cf imlcfm lc pbgzj, sc ijgbpufjg ijgujficgtc y sc afmqucjg drjkbjs j ugm m lms pcrgms y sus rcspcktbvjs kfjvb`js lc scdurbljl (\K ( \K ;,3/\K 85.?;/\K :?.?;), :?.?;), m abcg eblrêufbkjicgtc (\K (\K :?.?; KX ‛ KX ‛ vâjsc jpjrtjlm Fjs tjrcjs lc ijgtcgbibcgtm cxtrjmrlbgjrbm pmlrê cocktujrfjs cxkfusbvjicgtc cf mpcrjlmr rcspmgsjafc lcf ijgtcgbibcgtm, lcspuâs lc ugj fckturj jtcgtj lcf prcscgtc ijgujf lc usm y ijgtcgbibcgtm> Lurjgtc fjs tjrcjs lc ijgtcgbibcgtm cs gckcsjrbm lcskmgcktjr cf jkkcsmrbm lc fj iêqubgj y kmfmkjrfm smarc ugj supcrobkbc pfjgj> Lurjgtc fjs tjrcjs lc ijgtcgbibcgtm vcrbobkjr quc gm ejyj pcrsmgjs pcrsmgjs cxtrjújs prcscgtcs cg cf êrcj rcscrvjlj pjrj cf trjaj`m> jkkblcgtcs lurjgtc fjs tjrcjs lc Cqubpjrsc sbciprc kmg jlckujlms cqubpms pjrj fj prcvcgkbûg lc jkkblcgtcs ijgtcgbibcgtm. :.:.
:.1.
Bgjktbvbljl prmfmgdjlj lcf jkkcsmrbm [b sc prcvâg prmfmgdjlms pcrémlms lc bgjktbvbljl lcf jkkcsmrbm cs gckcsjrbm jlmptjr fjs sbdubcgtcs iclbljs0 fbipbjr kub kubljlmsjicgtc ljlmsjicgtc tmljs fjs pbczjs y rctmkjr cvcgtujfcs rjyjlms cg fj pbgturj> sustbtubr cf jkcbtc lc fms imtmrrcluktmrcs> fuarbkjr kmg drjsj tmlms fms pugtms lc jrtbkufjkbûg y rmtjkbûg> bgtrmlukbr fms kmgcktmrcs eblrêufbkms cg fms rcspcktbvms jfm`jibcgtms> prmtcdcr kmg drjsj fj kmrrclcrj lc trjsfjkbûg> kmfmkjr cf jkkcsmrbm smarc ugj supcrobkbc pfjgj y dujrljrfm rcpjrjlm lc fms jdcgtcs jtimsoârbkms, kuarbâglmfm kmg ug rcvcstbibcgtm bipcricjafc.
Xucstj cg scrvbkbm lcf jkkcsmrbm lcspuâs lc ugj prmfmgdjlj bgjktbvbljl Jgtcs lc rctmijr cf trjaj`m lcspuâs lc ugj prmfmgdjlj bgjktbvbljl cs gckcsjrbm0 qubtjr ffjs js prmtckkbmgcs lc drjsj jpfbkjljs jgtcs lc fj pucstj cg rcpmsm> cocktujr ugj kubljlmsj fbipbczj lcf jkkcsmrbm>
vcrbobkjr fj ougkbmgjfbljl lc fjs pjrtcs dbrjtmrbjs> cocktujr ugj scrbc lc imvbibcgtms lcf jkkcsmrbm fucdm lc cgdjgkejrfm cg fj iêqubgj.
1.
Kmgtrmfcs prcfbibgjrcs j cocktujr cg cf jkkcsmrbm jgtcs lc su utbfbzjkbûg utbfbzjkbûg Jf obgjfbzjr tmlm trjaj`m lc ijgtcgbibcgtm, jgtcs lc pmgcr cg ougkbûg cf jkkcsmrbm, kcrkbmrjrsc lc gm ejacr mfvbljlm ecrrjibcgtjs gb mtrms ijtcrbjfcs cxtrjúms cg cf ibsim> Cf mpcrjlmr quc utbfbzj cf jkkcsmrbm lcac kmgtrmfjr fj bgtcdrbljl lcf ibsim iclbjgtc ugj vcrbobkjkbûg vbsujf cocktujlj jgtcs lcf usm lcf cqubpm y lc su kmgcxbûg jf ijgbpufjlmr.
;.
Fuarbkjkbûg Fj fuarbkjkbûg pcrbûlbkj cs gckcsjrbj pjrj prmtcdcr cf jkkcsmrbm lc ocgûicgms lc mxbljkbûg y lcsdjstc, djrjgtbzjglm jsé ug cfcvjlm gbvcf lc scrvbkbm j fm fjrdm lcf tbcipm. Fj fuarbkjkbûg lcf jkkcsmrbm pmlrê cstjr j kjrdm lc ug mpcrjlmr dcgârbkm0 Fbipbjr abcg fms cgdrjsjlmrcs jgtcs lc bgycktjr fj drjsj y fucdm cfbibgjr fj drjsj cg cxkcsm> [c jkmgsc`j gm cxkclcrsc cg fj utbfbzjkbûg lc fj drjsj pjrj gm ojvmrckcr fj jkuiufjkbûg lc sukbcljl.
A. fbipbczj> K. cgdrjsc> L. sustbtukbûg Orckucgkbj
Cfcicgtm
Kjlj :8 emrjs lc trjaj`m
\rjsfjkbûg
Kjlj 38 emrjs lc trjaj`m
Jkcbtc imtmrrcluktmrcs* Kbfbglrms Kmrmgjs dbrjtmrbjs Xbczjs lc kmgcxbûg bgstjfjkbûg eblrêufbkj
Kjlj 388 emrjs lc trjaj`m m abcg kjlj ; icscs
\mrgbffms lc ob`jkbûg lc fms imtmrrcluktmrcs \mrgbffms lc ob`jkbûg lc fjs kmrmgjs dbrjtmrbjs
Kjlj :888júm emrjs lc trjaj`m m abcg kjlj
Jkcbtc imtmrrcluktmrcs Qmljibcgtms lc fjs kmrmgjs
\bpm lc mpcrjkbûg A‛K J ‛ L* A‛K A‛K J J J J L -L
* Cs gckcsjrbm sustbtubr cf jkcbtc lcf rcluktmr lcspuâs lc fjs prbicrjs :88 emrjs lc scrvbkbm, cg rjzûg lc fj kmgtjibgjkbûg prckmz lcf jkcbtc kjusjlj pmr cf rmlj`c lc fjs pbczjs ickêgbkjs gucvjs.
\K-C[-[;.Q:.lmkx \K-C[-[;.Q :.lmkx
pêd. 1 lc :;
Lcsimgtjr cf kêrtcr lc prmtckkbûg lc fms imtmrrcluktmrcs>
_crbobkjr vbsujficgtc cf gbvcf lcf jkcbtc j trjvâs lcf bglbkjlmr trjgspjrcgtc prcscgtc cg fms rcluktmrcs>
[b cf gbvcf lcf jkcbtc cs aj`m, aj`m, cs lckbr aj`m fj fégcj lc gbvcf iégbim lcf bglbkjlmr, lcscgrmskjr cf rjkmr lc purdj y jdrcdjr jkcbtc ejstj quc cf gbvcf jfkjgkc cf féibtc supcrbmr lcf bglbkjlmr trjgspjrcgtc>
Cgrmskjr gucvjicgtc cf rjkmr lc purdj quc ejaéjims qubtjlm. Xmsbkbûg lc fms tjpmgcs
_crtbkjf (sjfblj cg cf kmstjlm)
Emrbzmgtjf
_crtbkjf (sjfblj jaj`m)
\jpûg lc purdj
\jpûg lc gbvcf
\jpûg lc lcskjrdj
Cocktujr fj fuarbkjkbûg>
Imvcr fms kbfbglrms vjrbjs vckcs pjrj lbstrbaubr fj drjsj cg imlm ugbomric> Zubtjr fj drjsj cxkclcgtc>
Fuarbkjkbûg lcf lcgtjlm0 smarc cf lcgtjlm lcac cxbstbr sbciprc ugj kjpj kmgsbstcgtc lc drjsj> jpfbkjr ijgujficgtc kmg ug pbgkcf fj drjsj lc fuarbkjkbûg> Zubtjr fj drjsj cxkclcgtc. Cocktujr fj fuarbkjkbûg> Imvcr fms kbfbglrms vjrbjs vckcs pjrj lbstrbaubr fj drjsj cg imlm ugbomric> Zubtjr fj drjsj cxkclcgtc.
\K-C[-[;.Q:.lmkx \K-C[-[;.Q :.lmkx
pêd. < lc :;
3.
Bgstrukkbmgcs pjrj cf ijgtcgbibcgtm lcf jkkcsmrbm Fj ijgutcgkbûg y cf ijgtcgbibcgtm lcf cstjlm lc kmgomribljl lcf jkkcsmrbm rcsuftjg biprcskbglbafcs pjrj djrjgtbzjr fj scdurbljl lurjgtc fj kbrkufjkbûg y cf trjaj`m. Cf ojarbkjgtc gm sc jsuic gbgdugj rcspmgsjabfbljl cg kjsm lc ljúms j fjs pcrsmgjs m j fjs kmsjs kjusjlms pmr ug ijgtcgbibcgtm bgkmrrcktm lc fjs pbczjs y lc fms jpjrjtms quc kmipmgcg kmipm gcg fj pbgzj pjrj fj ijgbpufjkbûg lc gcuiêtbkms. gcuiêtbkms . ijgtcgbibcgtm cg tmljs Fccr kmg jtcgkbûg pjrj kmiprcglcr kjajficgtc cstc Ijgujf lc usm y ijgtcgbibcgtm cg sus [ckkbmgcs. Xjrj fjs tjrcjs lc ijgtcgbibcgtm kmfmkjr cf cf jkkcsmrbm kmipfctjicgtc jpmyjlm smarc cf sucfm y lcskmgcktjrfm lcf ijgbpufjlmr. Cqubpjrsc kmg fj rmpj y fjs prmtckkbmgcs bglbvblujfcs blûgcjs pjrj fj c`ckukbûg lc fjs tjrcjs lc ijgtcgbibcgtm lc fj pbgzj, lc kmgomribljl kmg fjs fcycs vbdcgtcs cg cf pjés lc usm, cg ijtcrbj lc scdurbljl cg cf trjaj`m. Xrcstjr iukej jtcgkbûg j fj cfbibgjkbûg lc fms ijtcrbjfcs lc kmgsuim y lc fjs pbczjs usjljs, vcrbobkjglm quc cstj mpcrjkbûg sc cocktðc kmg fj iêxbij scdurbljl y cg imlm ckmfûdbkm.
?.
Fjvjlm y fbipbczj Fbipbjr cf cqubpm y fjs fjs pjrtcs bgtcrcsjljs, jlmptjglm tmljs fjs prckjukbmgcs gckcsjrbjs pjrj cvbtjr fj cgtrjlj lc féqublms cg fms kmgcktmrcs cfâktrbkms c eblrêufbkms. Fbipbjr cf jkkcsmrbm cfbibgjglm tmlm rcstm lc kmiaustbafc, jkcbtc m drjsj. Xjrj kujfqubcr mtrj tjrcj quc gm cstâ bgkfublj cg cf ijgtcgbibcgtm rutbgjrbm, cs kmgvcgbcgtc kmgtjktjr kmg cf lbstrbaublmr m cf kmgkcsbmgjrbm.
4.
_crbobkjkbmgcs pcrbûlbkjs Cf ojarbkjgtc lckfjrj quc cg tmlms fms ijgbpufjlmrcs tcfcskûpbkms ojarbkjlms, cqubpjlms kmg tmlms fms jkkcsmrbms pjrj fj cfcvjkbûg lc kjrdjs m pcrsmgjs (pmr c`cipfm0 emrqubffjs, pfuiég kmg djgkem, kjarcstjgtc, kcstj, ctk.) ejg sblm cocktujljs prucajs lbgêibkjs y cstêtbkjs. Ej sblm cocktujlj tjiabâg ugj prucaj ougkbmgjf, rcjfbzjglm cf j`ustc lc tmlms fms ickjgbsims cfâktrbkms c eblrêufbkms y lc fms lbspmsbtbvms lc scdurbljl y lc fbibtjkbûg lc pjr y smarckjrdj y kmgtrmfjglm fj cobkbcgkbj lc tmlm cf drupm pjrj kjlj ijgbpufjlmr ojarbkjlm, jgtcs lc fj cgtrcdj jf kfbcgtc. Cf kfbcgtc tbcgc fj mafbdjkbûg lc rcspctjr cf prmdrjij lc ijgtcgbibcgtm i jgtcgbibcgtm y supcrvbsbûg lcobgblm cg cf Ijgujf lc usm y ijgtcgbibcgtm. Cs bipmrtjgtc y jkmgsc`jafc vcrbobkjr lbjrbjicgtc, sbg mafbdjkbûg lc jgmtjrfm cg cf rcdbstrm, cf cstjlm y cf aucg ougkbmgjibcgtm lc tmlms fms lbspmsbtbvms lc scdurbljl lc fj iêqubgj, cg pjrtbkufjr lcf sbstcij lc scdurbljl y jgtbvucfkm> cg kjsm lc luljs smarc su cobkbcgkbj m su pcrocktm ougkbmgjibcgtm gm utbfbzjr cf iclbm y kmgtjktjr bgiclbjtjicgtc kmg cf kmgkcsbmgjrbm lc zmgj. Kjlj 1388 emrjs lc trjaj`m m abcg kjlj júm, rcqucrbr jf kmgkcsbmgjrbm ug kmgtrmf dcgcrjf lcf iclbm. Sgj vcz jfkjgzjlms fms 18 júms lc scrvbkbm, cg fms ijgbpufjlmrcs cqubpjlms kmg pfjtjomrij lc cfcvjkbûg lc pcrsmgjs m cqubpms pjrj fj cfcvjkbûg lc kjrdjs suspcglbljs (c`cipfm0 pfuiég kmg djgkem, kjarcstjgtc, ctk.), cs gckcsjrbm smfbkbtjr jf kmgkcsbmgjrbm ugj vcrbobkjkbûg/rcvbsbûg dcgcrjf lcf iclbm (Lc kmgomribljl kmg cf jpjrtjlm ;.1.; lcf L.I. ::: lcf ::/8
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