Manual Caldera CB-400-800

 

$67.77 S.V.

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M. ^JC ^JC ESUAC ESUACU . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E. FOA^ FOA^UOD UOD MAN FO FOBWOAC BWOACA^HSA A^HSAF^ F^@O @OA A .. .. .. F. FOBWOA FOBWOACA^ CA^V FOBB FOBBO OA ^O MDD EO@DCUV EO@DCUV . . . . . N. FOA^ FOA^UOD UODV HOU HOU KMV KMV H@U@ H@U@AK AK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C. FOA^UODV FOBBOA ^O O@D-H@UCN EO@DCUV (@AFD @AFDSN@ SN@AK AK FO FOBE@AM E@AM^@OA) @OA) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H. MNN@^ MNN@^@OAM @OAMD D FOA^ FOA^UODV UODV HOU HOU JCMXP O@D O@D . . . . . . K. FOA^ FOA^UOD UODV HOU HOU FOBE@A FOBE@AM M^@O @OA A ESUACUV OAD OADP P

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FJMW^CU 5. ESUACU OWCUM^@OA MAN FOA^UOD

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FJMW^CU 6. [M^CUV@NC FMUC MAN UC]S@UCBCA^V M. KCA KCACUMD UMD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-6 6-6 E. [M [M^CU UC] UC]S@U S@UCB CBCA CA^ ^V . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66-6 6 F. [M [M^CU ^UCM UCM^BCA^ CA^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66-: : N.FD N.F DCMA@AK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C. EO@D EO@D--OS^OH M AC[ AC[ SA@ SA@^ ^ .... .... H. [M [MVJ@A VJ@AK OS^ OS^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K. E DO[NO[ NO[A V^CMB EO@D EO@DCU CU . . . . . . . J. WCU@O WCU@ON@ N@F F @AVWCF @AVWCF^ ^@OA @OA . . . . . . . . . . . @. W UCWM UCWMUM UM^@O @OA A HO HOU CZ^ CZ^CANCN CANCN DM DMP-SW

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. . 6-: 6-: . . 66-0 0 . 6-== 6-== . 66-=5 =5 . 66-=3 =3 . 6-=8

KCA KCACUMD UMD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F@UFS@ F@UFS@^ ^ MAN @A^ @A^CUDO CUDOFL FO FOA^ A^UOD UODV . . VC]SCAFC VC]SCAF CO OH H OW OW CUM^@O @OA A - O@D OU KMV KMV HDMBC DO HD DOVV VC]SCA VC]SCAFC FC . . . . . . . . . . . .

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FJMW^CU >. VC]SCAFC OH OWCUM^@OA M. E. F. N.

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>-6 >-6 >-6 >-3 >>-; ;

 

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FJMW^CU 3. V^MU^@AK MAN OWCUM^@AK @AV^USF^@OAV M. KCACUM KCACUMD D WUCWM WUCW MUM^@OA @OA HO HOU U V^MU^-SW, SW, MDD HSCDV . . . . . E . FOA^ FOA^UOD VC^^ VC^^@AKV - V^CMB CMB MAN MAN JO JO^ ^ [M^CU . . . . . . . . F. KMV KMV W@DO W@DO^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N. M^OB@Y@A @Y@AK K M M@U @U . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C. H@U@A H@U@AK K W UCWMUM UCWMUM^@O @OAV AV HOU HOU AO. AO. 5 O@D (VCU@ (VCU@CV CV =77 -57 7) H. H@U@AK H@U@AK W UCWMUM UCWMUM^@O @OA A HO HOU AO. AO. 8 O@D (VCU@ (VCU@CV CV >7 7-877 ) . . K. H@U@AK H@U@AK W UCWMUM UCWMUM^@O @OAV AV HO HOU KMV KMV (VCU@CV (VCU@CV 577 ->7 7-;77 ) . J. @HKU @HKU VC^ VC^SW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . @. V ^MU^-SW, SW, OWCUM OWCUM^ ^@AK MAN MAN VJS ^NO[A NO[A - MDD HSCD HSCDV V . . . . I . FOA^ FOA^UO UOD D OW CUM^@O @OAM AMD D ^CV^ MAN FJ FJCFL CFLV V .. .. .. .. ..

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. 3-6 . 3-> . 33-3 3 . 33-8 8 . 3-; . 3-: 3-=7 3-== 3-== 3-=> 3-=3

M. KCA KCACUM CUMD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E . D@ALM D@ALMKC - BO BONSDM NSDM^ ^@AK B BO^ O^OU MAN M@U M@U NMBWCU NMBWCU . . . . . . . F. BO BONSDM NSDM^@AK @AK BO BO^OU . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N. BO BONS NSDM DM^@AK BO BO^ ^OU V[@^ V[@^FJCV - DO[ DO[ H@UC MAN MAN J@KJ H@UC C. ES UACU UACU OW OW CUM^@A @AK K FOA^ FOA^UOD UODV -KCAC -KCACUM UMD D ... .. ... ... .. H. BONSDM BONSDM^@AK @AK W UCVVSUC FO FOA^UOD UOD (Vtcmb) (Vtcmb) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K. OWCUM^@AK @AK D@B D@B@^W @^W UCVVSUC FO FOA^UOD UOD (Vtcmb) . . . . . . . . . . J. J@KJ J@KJ D@B D@B@^WUCVVSUC @^WUCVVSUC FOA^ FOA^UOD UOD (Vtcmb) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . @. BONSDM^@AK ^CBWCUM^ CBWCUM^SUC FOA^ FOA^UOD (Jot [m tcr) . . . . . . . . I . OWCUM OW CUM^@AK D D@B@ @B@^ ^ ^CBWCUM^ CBWCUM^SUC FOA^ FOA^UOD (Jot [m tcr) . . . . L. J@KJ D@B D@B@^^ @^^CB CBW W CUM^SUC FO FOA^ A^UOD UOD (Jot (Jot [m [m tcr) . . . . . . . . . D. DO DO[ [M^CU FS^OHH NCX NCX@FC @FCV V (Vtcm b m an Jot [ [mm tcr) . . . . . . . B. FOBESV^ FOBESV^@O @OA A M@U W UOX UOX@A @AK K V[@^ V[@^FJ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A. M^OB@ B@Y Y@AK @AK M@U M@U WUOX WUOX@AK @AK V[@^ V[@^FJ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . O. KMV KMV W @DO @DO^HD ^HDM MBC MNISV^ MNISV^B BCA^ CA^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . W. KMV KMV W UCVVSUC M MAN AN HD HDO[ @A @AHO HOUBM UBM^@O @OA A .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . ]. KMV KMV HSCD FOAVSB FOAVSBW W ^@OA @OA MNIS MNIS V^B V^BCA^ CA^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . U. DO DO[-KMVKMV-WUCVVSUC WUCVVSUC V[@^ V[@^FJ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

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. . 8-6 8-6 . . 8-6 . . 88-3 3 . . 8 -3 . . 8-8 . . 8-0 . . 8-0 . . 88-0 0 . . 8-0 . 8-=7 . 8-=7 . 8-=7 . 88-=7 =7 . 8-== . 88-== == . 8-=6 . 88-=3 =3 . 88-=0 =0

V. J@KJJ@KJ-KMVKMV-WUCVVSUC WUCVVSUC V[@^ V[@^FJ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ^. HSCD O@D O@D W UCVVSUC UCVV SUC MAN MAN ^CBWCUM^ CBWCUM^SUC - KCACUM KCACUMD D .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. S. HSCD O@D FOBESV^ FOBESV^@O @OA A MNIS V^B V^BCA^ CA^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . X. ES UACU UACU NUM[CU MNISV^B NISV^BCA^ CA^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [. O O@D @D NUM[CU V[@^ V[@^FJ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Z. DO[ DO[-O@D @D--^CBW CBW CUM^SUC V[ V[@^ @^FJ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P. J@K J O@D O@D ^CBWCUM CBWCUM^ ^SUC V[ V [@^FJ (OW (OW ^@OAM @OAMD) D) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Y. DO DO[ O@D W UCVVSUC V[@^ V[@^FJ (O (OW ^@O @OAM AMD D) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MM. CDCF^ CDCF^U@F O@D O@D JCM^CU ^JCUBOV^ JCUBOV^M^ (>77 (>7 7 m an 8 77 Vcr`cs - Vtc Vtcmm b) . . . . . . ME . V^CM V^CMB B O@D O@D JCM^ JCM^CU ^JCUBOV^M^ (Ao. 8 O`d O`d)) (>77 (>7 7 m an 8 7 7 V cr`cs - Vtcm Vt cm b) MF. JO J O^ [M^CU O@D O@D JCM JCM^CU ^JCUBOV^ JCUBOV^M^ (>77 (>7 7 m an 8 77 Vcr`cs) . . . . . . . . . . MN. V ^CMB CMB JCM JCM^CU WUCVVS WU CVVS UC UCKSDM^OU (>7 (>77 7 m an 8 77 Vcr`cs - Vtcm Vtc m b) . . .

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. 88-=0 =0 . 8-=0 . 88-57 57 . 88-5> 5> . 88-5> 5> . 8-5> . 8-53 . 8-53 . 8-53 . 8 -53 . 8-53 . 8-58

FJMW^CU 8. MNI SV^BCA^ SV^BCA^ WUOFCNSUCV

```

 

 „

FJMW^CU ;. ^UOSEDC VJOO^@AK FJMW^CU :. @AVWCF^@OA MAN BM@A^CAMAFC M. KCA KCACUMD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . :-6 :-6 E. H@UC H@UCV@N V@NC C FD FDC CMA@AK A@AK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ::-> > F. [M [M^CU DCXCD FOA^ FOA^UOD UODV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ::-> > N. [M [M^CU KMSKC KD KDM MVV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C. CD CDCF^ CF^U@FM U@FMD FOA^ FOA^UOD UODV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H. HDM HDMBC VM VMHC HC^ ^P FO FOA^ A^UOD UOD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K. O@D O@D ESUAC ESUACU U BM BM@A @A^ ^CA CAM MAFC AFC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J. KM KMV V ESUAC ESUACU UB BM M@A @A^ ^CA CAM MAFC AFC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . @. BO BO^OU@Y U@YCN KMV KMV XM XMDXC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I. VO VOD DCAO@N XMDXCV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L. M@U M@U F FO OA^UOD UOD N NM MBWCU BWCU,, D@A D@AL LMKC M MAN AN F FM MB VWU@AK D. HO HOUF UFC CN NU NUM MH^HMA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B. HM HMA/BO BO^ ^OU FMVVC^^C UCBO UCBOX XMD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A. @AVWC @AVWCF^ F^@OA @OA MAN M MNISV^ NISV^B BCA^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . O. M@UEO M@UEOZ Z KMVLC KMVLC^ ^ @AV^ @AV^MDDM DDM^@OA @OA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . W. HMA/ HMA/BO BO^ ^OU FM FMVV C^^C @A @AV^ V^MDD DDM M^@O @OA A .. .. . .. . .. .

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. ::-3 3 . ::-8 8 . ::-8 8 . ::-0 0 ::-== == ::-== == :-=5 :-=5 :-=5 :-=6 :-=6 :-=6 :-=> :-=> :-=; :-=:

]. VM VMHC HC^ ^P XMDXCV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . U. HSCD O@D O@D BC^CU@AK X XM MDXC, M MNI NI SV ^@AK M MAN AN UCD UCD@CH @CH XMDXCV V. ^JC M@U WSBW MAN MAN D DSE SE U@FM U@FM^@AK @AK VP VPV^ V^CB CB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ^. UC UCHU HUM MF^OUP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S. OWCA@A OWCA@AK KM MAN AN FDO FDOV@A V@AK K UCM UCMU NO NOO OU . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . X. D DSEU@ SEU@FM FM^@OA @OA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [. O@D JCM^CUV - C CDC DCF^ F^U@F, V^ V^CM CMB, B, JO^[ JO^[M M^CU . . . . . . . . . . . Z. FO FOB BESV^@OA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

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:-=0 :-=0 :-=0 :-5> :-5: :-5: ::-66 66 :-63 :-63 :-6; :-6: :-6:

FJMW^CU 0. FSV^OBCU VCUX@FC MAN WMU^V

`v

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 „

Aotcs

v

 

        

 

FJMW^CU = Ems`fs oh H`rctuec Opcrmt`oa M. Kcacrmd Kcacrmd . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . =-= E. ^jc Eo`dcr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . =-5 F. Foastruft`oa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . =-6 N. Vtcmb Foatrods (Mdd Hucds). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . =-> C. Jot [mtcr [mtcr Foatrods (Mdd Hucds). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . =-8 H. @anufcn @anufcn Hduc Kms Ucf`rfudmt`oa Fobpoacats Fobpoacats . . . . . =-:

M. KCACUMD H`rctuec eo`dcrs mrc mvm`dmedc hor dow or j`kj prcssurc stcmb, or hor jot wmtcr mppd`fmt`oas. H`rctuec eo`dcrs mrc typ`fmddy uscn hor mppd`fmt`oas rmak`ak hrob =3 to :77 jorscpowcr. M ﬍rctuec eo`dcr `s m fyd`anr`fmd vcsscd, w`tj jor`zoatmd tuecs pmss`ak tjroukj man foaacftcn to tjc hroat man rcmr tuec sjccts. ^jc vcsscd foatm`as tjc wmtcr man mesores tjc cacrky kcacrmtcn hrob tjc ſtmbc. ^jc hroat noor man rcmr noor prov`nc tjc scmd to foatm`a tjc jot fobeust`oa kmsscs. Emhſtcs ncs`kacn `ato tjc noors scrvc to rcn`rcft tjc fobeust`oa kmsscs tjroukj tjc vmr`ous ﬍rctuec pmssmkcs. ^jc ſtmbc or`k`amtcs `a tjc huramfc. Ms tjc fobeust`oa kmsscs trmvcd nowa tjc huramfc man tjroukj tjc vmr`ous ﬍rctuec fjmaacds, jcmt hrob tjc ſtmbc man fobeust`oa kmsscs `s trmashcrrcn to tjc wmtcr. ^rmashcrrcn cacrky ncvcdops `ato tjc rcqu`rcn

stcmb or jot wmtcr. ^jc pr`bmry purposc oh tjc eo`dcr `s to suppdy cacrky to tjc hmf`d`ty‐s opcrmt`oas - hor jcmt, bmauhmftur`ak profcss, dmuanry, l`tfjca, ctf. ^jc amturc oh  tjc hmf`d`ty‐s opcrmt`oa w`dd n`ftmtc wjctjcr m stcmb or jot wmtcr eo`dcr sjoudn ec uscn.

Aotc9 @h your eo`dcr `s cqu`ppcn w`tj m FEJM[ L ℥ e o ` d c r b m a m k c b c a t f o a t r o d systcb, rchcr to FE-JM[L @astmddmt`oa, Opcrmt`ak man Vcrv`f`ak Bmaumd Ao. ;37=66 hor `ahorbmt`oa rckmrn`ak foatrods n`sfusscn `a Fjmptcr =.

H`kurc9 =-= H`rctuec Fut Mwmy ;37-0>

=-=

 

             

Fjmptcr =

Ems`fs oh H`rctuec Opcrmt`oa

^jc kcacrmd `ahorbmt`oa `a tj`s bmaumd mppd`cs n`rcftdy to Fdcmvcr-Erools Fdcmvcr -Erools Boncd FE Eo`dcrs `a s`zcs rmak`ak hrob >77 tjroukj :77 eo`dcr jorscpowcr hor tjc hoddow`ak hucds9 Vcr`cs =77 D`kjt O`d (Ao. 5) Vcr`cs 577 D`kjt O`d (Ao. 5) Or Kms Vcr`cs >77 Jcmvy O`d (Ao. 8) Or Kms Vcr`cs 877 Jcmvy O`d (Ao. 8) Oady Vcr`cs ;77 Kms Oady

Aotc9 Mdtjoukj Vcr`cs >77to or eura 877 euracr `s ncs`kacn mantjc ncs`kamtcn Ao. 8 o`d, tjc euracr w`dd jmandc krmncs > man 3 cqumddy wcdd, w`tj sobc poss`edc bon`﬍fmt`oas. [j`dc tjc bmaumd foatm`as pcrt`acat `ahorbmt`oa oa Ao. 8 hucd o`d, mdd rchcrcafcs to Ao. 8 hucd sjoudn ec foas`ncrcn mppd`fmedc to mdd krmncs oh jcmvy o`d.

Umtcn Fmpmf`ty Opcr Opcrmmt` t`ak ak W Wrc rcsssur surc

>77 tjroukj :77 jp Vtcm Vtcmb b =3=3-537 537 ps ps``k, or j`kj j`kjcr cr `h spcf`﬍cn Jot [mtcr 67-537 ps`k or j`kjcr `h spcf`﬍cn

Hucd

O`d or Kms or Fobe`amt`oa

@ka`t`oa

Mutobmt`f

H`r`ak

Hudd Bonudmt`oa ^jroukj Opcrmt`ak Umakcs

Euracr (O`d)

(Dow Wrcssurc) M`r Mtob`z`ak

Euracr (Kms)

Aoa-prcb`x ‖ Or`﬍fcn ^ypc

M`r Nmbpcr

Uotmry ^ypc (Cdcftr`fmddy Bonudmtcn)

Vtcmb ^r`b

MVBC Fonc

[mtcr ^r`b

MVBC Fonc

^jc DC Opt`oa, mvm`dmedc oa Fdcmvcr-Erools H`rctuec Eo`dcrs, rcnufcs A`trokca Ox`nc (AOx) cb`ss`oas, m bmior prcfursor to ozoac poddut`oa (sbok). Fmreoa Boaox`nc (FO) cb`ss`oas mdso tcan to ec dowcr, nuc to `afrcmscn tureudcafc fmuscn ey tjc mnn`t`oa oh tjc ſtuc kmscs `ato tjc fobeust`oa m`r strcmb, tjcrcey `bprov`ak fobeust`oa. ^jc DC Opt`oa `s uscn oa Fdcmvcr-Erools Fdcmvcr-Erools Boncd FE H`rctuec eo`dcrs ﬍r`ak c`tjcr amturmd kms man/or d`kjt o`d, man `s fobpmt`edc w`tj eotj jot wmtcr man stcmb systcbs. ^jc @HKU systcb b`xcs m port`oa oh tjc rcdmt`vcdy food ſtuc kms hrob tjc cx`t oh tjc hourtj-pmss tuecs w`tj tjc `afob`ak fobeust`oa m`r to rcnufc tjc huramfc ſtmbc tcbpcrmturc, tjcrcey rcnuf`ak AOx cb`ss`oas. @a tj`s mppromfj, tjc fobeust`oa m`r hma jmandcs eotj tjc fobeust`oa m`r man tjc rcf`rfudmtcn ſtuc kmscs. Mfforn`akdy, tj`s bctjon `s fmddcn

=-5

@anufcn Hduc Kms Ucf`rfudmt`oa (@HKU), ecfmusc tjc ſtuc kms `s —`anufcn‒ `ato tjc hma `adct.

^jc DC Opt`oa, w`tj `ts vmr`ous dcvcds oh @HKU systcbs, fma mhhcft tjc scdcft`oa oh tjc fobeust`oa m`r hma, botor, euracr, man otjcr fobpoacats. Vcvcrmd n`hhcrcat systcb foa﬍kurmt`oas mrc mvm`dmedc, ncpcan`ak oa tjc rcqu`rcbcats hor AOx cb`ss`oas man tjc hucds uscn. Mdd systcbs usc s`b`dmr pr`bmry fobpoacats, eut bmy jmvc n`hhcrcat d`almkc foatrods, @HKU nmbpcr, hma, man botor s`zcs. Mdwmys orncr kcau`ac Fdcmvcr-Erools pmrts hrob your dofmd Fdcmvcr-Erools Fdcmvcr -Erools mutjor`zcn rcprcscatmt`vc. rcprcscatmt`vc.

^jc eo`dcr man rcdmtcn cqu`pbcat `astmddmt`oa mrc to ec `a fobpd`mafc w`tj tjc stmanmrns oh tjc Amt`oamd Eomrn oh H`rc Sancrwr`tcrs. @astmddmt`oa sjoudn mdso foahorb to stmtc man dofmd foncs kovcra`ak sufj cqu`pbcat. Wr`or to `astmddmt`oa, tjc propcr mutjor`t`cs jmv`ak iur`sn`ft`oa mrc to ec foasudtcn, pcrb`ts oetm`acn, ctf. Mdd eo`dcrs `a tjc meovc scr`cs fobpdy, fobpdy, wjca cqu`ppcn w`tj opt`oamd cqu`pbcat, to @anustr`md U`sl  @asurcrs (@U@), Hmftory Butumd (HB), or otjcr `asur`ak uancrwr`tcrs rcqu`rcbcats.

E. ^JC EO@DCU ^jc Boncd FE eo`dcr `s m pmflmkcn ﬍rctuec eo`dcr oh wcdncn stccd foastruft`oa man foas`sts oh m prcssurc vcsscd, euracr, euracr foatrods, horfcn nrmht hma, nmbpcr, m`r pubp, rchrmftory,, man mppropr`mtc eo`dcr tr`b. rchrmftory ^jc jorscpowcr rmt`ak oh tjc eo`dcr `s `an`fmtcn ey tjc aubecrs hoddow`ak tjc hucd scr`cs. ^jus, FE;77-877 `an`fmtcs m kms-﬍rcn 877 jp eo`dcr. eo`dcr.

^jc ﬍rctuec foastruft`oa prov`ncs sobc fjmrmftcr`st`f fjmrmftcr`st`fss tjmt n`hhcrcat`mtc n`hhcrcat`m tc `t hrob otjcr eo`dcr typcs. Ecfmusc oh `ts vcsscd s`zc, tjc ﬍rctuec foatm`as m dmrkc mbouat oh wmtcr, mddow`ak `t to rcspoan to domn fjmakcs w`tj b`a`bub vmr`mt`oa `a stcmb prcssurc. H`rctuec eo`dcrs mrc rmtcn `a eo`dcr jorscpowcr (EJW), wj`fj sjoudn aot ec foahuscn w`tj otjcr jorscpowcr bcmsurcbcats. Jot wmtcr `s fobboady uscn `a jcmt`ak mppd`fmt`oas w`tj tjc eo`dcr suppdy`ak wmtcr to tjc systcb mt =:7 ·H to 557 ·H. ^jc opcrmt`ak prcssurc hor jot wmtcr jcmt`ak systcbs usumddy `s 67 ps`k to =53 ps`k. Vtcmb eo`dcrs mrc ncs`kacn hor dow prcssurc or j`kj prcssurc mppd`fmt`oas. Dow prcssurc eo`dcrs mrc d`b`tcn to =3 ps`k ncs`ka, man mrc typ`fmddy uscn hor jcmt`ak mppd`fmt`oas. J`kj

;37-0>

 

                

Ems`fs oh H`rctuec Opcrmt`oa

Fjmptcr =

prcssurc eo`dcrs mrc typ`fmddy uscn hor profcss domns man fma jmvc ma ncs`ka prcssurc oh ;3 to 637ps`k. Vtcmb man jot wmtcr eo`dcrs mrc nc﬍acn mfforn`ak to ncs`ka prcssurc man opcrmt`ak prcssurc. Ncs`ka prcssurc `s tjc bmx`bub prcssurc uscn `a tjc ncs`ka oh tjc eo`dcr hor tjc purposc oh fmdfudmt`ak tjc b`a`bub pcrb`ss`edc tj`flacss or pjys`fmd fjmrmftcr`st`fs oh tjc prcssurc vcsscd pmrts oh tjc eo`dcr. ^yp`fmddy, tjc smhcty vmdvcs mrc sct mt or ecdow ncs`ka prcssurc. Opcrmt`ak prcssurc^jc `s tjc prcssurc oh tjc eo`dcr wj`fj `t aorbmddy opcrmtcs. opcrmt`ak prcssurc usumddymt`s bm`atm`acn mt m su`tmedc dcvcd ecdow tjc sctt`ak oh tjc prcssurc rcd`cv`ak vmdvc(s) to prcvcat tjc`r hrcqucat opca`ak nur`ak aorbmd opcrmt`oa. ^jc typc oh scrv`fc tjmt your eo`dcr `s rcqu`rcn to prov`nc jms ma `bportmat ecmr`ak oa tjc mbouat oh wmtcrs`nc fmrc `t w`dd rcqu`rc.

! FMS^@OA NMAKCU [mtcrs`nc fmrc `s oh pr`bc `bportmafc. Hor  spcf`﬍f `ahorbmt`oa or mss`stmafc w`tj your  wmtcr trcmtbcat rcqu`rcbcats, foatmft your  Fdcmvcr-Erools pmrts rcprcsca-  tmt`vc. Hm`durc toscrv`fc hoddowman tjcsc `astruft`oas  foudn rcsudt `a cqu`pbcat nmbmkc 

V^CMB WUCVVSUC  KMSKC

Hccnwmtcr cqu`pbcat sjoudn ec fjcflcn man rcmny hor usc. Ec surc tjmt mdd vmdvcs, p`p`ak, eo`dcr hccn pubps, man rcfc`vcrs mrc `astmddcn `a mffornmafc w`tj prcvm`d`ak foncs man prmft`fcs. [mtcr rcqu`rcbcats hor eotj stcmb man jot wmtcr eo`dcrs mrc csscat`md to eo`dcr d`hc man dcaktj oh scrv`fc. Foastmat mttcat`oa to wmtcr rcqu`rcbcats w`dd pmy n`v`ncans `a tjc horb oh doakcr d`hc, dcss nowa-t`bc, man prcvcat`oa oh fostdy rcpm`rs. Fmrc tmlca `a pdmf`ak tjc prcssurc vcsscd `ato `a`t`md scrv`fc `s v`tmd. ^jc wmtcrs`nc oh acw eo`dcrs man acw or rcboncdcn stcmb or jot wmtcr systcbs bmy foatm`a o`d, krcmsc or otjcr horc`ka bmttcr. M bctjon oh eo`d`ak out tjc vcsscd to rcbovc mffubudmt`oas `s ncsfr`ecn `a Fjmptcr 6. ^jc opcrmtor sjoudn ec hmb`d`mr w`tj Fjmptcr 6 echorc mttcbpt`ak to pdmfc tjc ua`t `ato opcrmt`oa.

F. FOAV^USF^@OA Vtcmb eo`dcrs ncs`kacn hor =3 ps`k man jot wmtcr eo`dcrs ncs`kacn hor 537 · H mt =53 ps` or dcss mrc foastruftcn `a mffornmafc w`tj Vcft`oa @X, Wowcr Eo`dcrs, oh MVBC Fonc. Vtcmb eo`dcrs ncs`kacn hor opcrmt`ak prcssurcs cxfccn`ak =3 ps`k mrc foastruftcn `a mffornmafc w`tj Vcft`oa =, Wowcr Eo`dcrs, oh tjc MVBC Fonc. Jot wmtcr eo`dcrs ncs`kacn hor opcrmt`ak tcbpcrmturcs meovc 537 ·H or =53 ps` mrc d`lcw`sc eu`dt to MVBC Fonc.

FOBESV^@OA M@U WUOX@N@AK V[@^FJ

OWCUM^@AK WUCVVSUC, J@KJ D@B@^ WUCVVSUC MAN BONSDM^@AK WUCVVSUC FOA^UODV

^CV^  XMDXC DO[ [M^CU FS^-OHH MAN WSBW FOA^UOD

FOA^UOD WMACD [M^CU FODSBA

[M^CU KDMVV NUM@A XMDXC

HOUFCN NUMH^ HMA BO^OU

M^OB@Y@AK M@U WUOX@N@AK  V[@^FJ

HDMBC NC^CF^OU

HSCD O@D FOA^UODDCU

O@D VSWWDP D@AC

M^OB@Y@AK M@U WUCVVSUC KMSKC HDCZ@EDC M@U D@AC

M@U WSBW BONSDC

BONSDM^@AK BO^OU

O@D VSWWDP WUCVVSUC KMSKC

O@D VODCAO@N XMDXCV AOYYDC JODNCU HDCZ@EDC O@D D@AC

@KA@^@OA ^UMAVHOUBCU

O@D V^UM@ACU O@D UC^SUA D@AC O@D W@W@AK ^CUB@AMD EDOFL

;37-0>

H`kurc9 =-5 ^yp`fmd Vtcmb Eo`dcr - D`kjt O`d O `d or Kms H`rcn

=-6

                       

 

Fjmptcr =

Ems`fs oh H`rctuec Opcrmt`oa

=

5

6

N. V^CMB FOA^UODV (MDD HSCDV) =.

Opcrmt`ak Opcrmt`ak D`b` D`b`tt Wr Wrcssur cssurcc Foatrod Foatrod (H`ku (H`kurc rc =-6)9 =-6)9 Ercmls Ercmls m f`rfu`t to stop euracr opcrmt`oa oa m r`sc oh eo`dcr prcssurc mt m scdcftcn sctt`ak. @t `s mniustcn to stop or stmrt tjc euracr mt m prcscdcftcn prcssurc sctt`ak.

5.

J`kj D`b`t Wrcs Wrcssurc surc Foatrod Foatrod ((H`kur H`kurcc =-6)9 =-6)9 Ercml Ercmlss m f`rfu`t to stop euracr opcrmt`oa oa m r`sc oh prcssurc meovc m scdcftcn sctt`ak. @t `s mniustcn to stop tjc euracr mt m prcscdcftcn prcssurc meovc tjc opcrmt`ak d`b`t foatrod sctt`ak. ^jc j`kj d`b`t prcssurc foatrod `s aorbmddy cqu`ppcn w`tj m bmaumd rcsct.

=. OWCUM^@AK D@B@^ FOA^UOD 5. J@KJ D@B@^ FOA^UOD 6. BONSDM^@AK FOA^UOD

H`kurc9 =-6 Vtcmb Foatrods

6.

Bonudmt`ak Bonudmt`ak Wrcssurc Wrcssurc Foatr Foatrod od (H`kurc (H`kurc =-6)9 =-6)9 V Vcascs cascs fjmak`ak eo`dcr prcssurcs man trmasb`ts tjc `ahorbmt`oa to tjc bonudmt`ak botor to fjmakc tjc euracr ﬍r`ak rmtc wjca tjc bmaumd-mutobmt`f sw`tfj `s sct oa —mutobmt`f. —mutobmt`f.‒‒

>.

Dow-[ Dow-[mtcr Futohh Futohh ma man n Wubp Wubp Foatrod Foatrod ((H`kur H`kurcc =->)9 =->)9 Hdomt-opcrmtcn foatrod rcspoans to tjc wmtcr dcvcd `a tjc eo`dcr.. @t pcrhorbs two n`st`aft huaft`oas9 eo`dcr •Vtops ﬍r`ak oh tjc euracr `h wmtcr dcvcd dowcrs ecdow tjc smhc opcrmt`ak po`at. Cacrk`zcs tjc dow-wmtcr d`kjt `a tjc foatrod pmacd< mdso fmuscs dow-wmtcr mdmrb ecdd (opt`oamd cqu`pbcat) to r`ak. Fonc rcqu`rcbcats oh sobc boncds rcqu`rc m bmaumd rcsct typc oh dow-wmtcr futohh. futohh. •Vtmrts man stops tjc hccnwmtcr pubp (`h uscn) to bm`atm`a wmtcr mt tjc propcr opcrmt`ak dcvcd (H`kurc =-3).

! FMS^@OA NMAKCU Nctcrb`ac tjmt tjc bm`a man mux`d`mry dow  wmtcr futohhs man pubp foatrod mrc dcvcd d cvcd mh-  tcr `astmddmt`oa man tjroukjout tjc cqu`p-  bcat‐s opcrmt`ak d`hc. Hm`durc to hoddow tjcsc  `astruft`oas foudn rcsudt `a cqu`pbcat nmb-  mkc.

H`kurc9 =-> Dow [mtcr Fut Ohh (D[FO)

H`kurc9 =-3 Dow [mtcr [mtcr Fut Ohh Wubp Foatrod (Futmwmy) =->

;37-0>

                 

 

Ems`fs oh H`rctuec Opcrmt`oa 3.

8.

;. :.

0.

Fjmptcr =

[mtcr Fodub Foduba a Msscb Msscbedy edy ((H`kur H`kurcc =-8 =-8)9 )9 Jo Jouscs uscs tjc ddowowwmtcr futohh man pubp foatrod man `afduncs tjc wmtcr kmukc kdmss, kmukc kdmss sjutohh fofls.

XCA^ XMDXC V^CMB WUCVVSUC KMSKC

[mtcr Fo Foduba duba Nr Nrm`a m`a Xmdvc ((H`kur H`kurcc =-8)9 W Wrov` rov`ncn ncn so tjmt tjmt tjc wmtcr foduba man `ts p`p`ak fma ec ſtusjcn rckudmrdy to mss`st `a bm`atm`a`ak fross-foaacft`ak p`p`ak man `a lccp`ak tjc ſtomt eowd fdcma man hrcc oh scn`bcat. M s`b`dmr nrm`a vmdvc `s hura`sjcn w`tj mux`d`mry dow-wmtcr futohh hor tjc smbc purposc. [mtcr Km Kmukc ukc Kdm Kdmss ss Nrm`a Nrm`a X Xmdvc mdvc (H`kur (H`kurcc =-;)9 Wrov` Wrov`ncn ncn to ſtusj tjc kmukc kdmss. Xcat Xmdvc ((H`kur H`kurcc =-;)9 Mddows Mddows tjc eo`dcr eo`dcr tto o ec vca vcatcn tcn nur`ak ﬍dd`ak, man hmf`d`tmtcs rout`ac eo`dcr `aspcft`oa ms rcqu`rcn ey MVBC Fonc. Vtcmb Wrcss Wrcssurc urc Kmukc (H`ku (H`kurc rc =-;)9 @an`f @an`fmtcs mtcs eo`dc eo`dcrr `atcramd prcssurc.

KMSKC KDMVV NUM@A XMDXC

H`kurc9 =-; D[FO D[FO man Kmukc Kmuk c Kdmss =7. Mux`d Mux`d`mry `mry Dow Dow-wmt -wmtcr cr Futohh Futohh (H`kurc =-: =-:)9 )9 Ercmls tjc f`rfu`t to stop euracr opcrmt`oa `a tjc cvcat eo`dcr wmtcr nrops ecdow tjc bmstcr dow-wmtcr futohh po`at. Bmaumd rcsct typc rcqu`rcs bmaumd rcsctt`ak `a orncr to stmrt tjc euracr mhtcr m dow-wmtcr foan`t`oa.

NUM@A XMDXC

H`kurc9 =-8 [mtcr Foduba Msscbedy

H`kurc9 =-: Mux`d`mry Dow [mtcr Fut Ohh

;37-0>

=-3

              

 

Fjmptcr =

Ems`fs oh H`rctuec Opcrmt`oa ==. Vmhcty Xmdvc(s) (H`kurc (H`kurc =-:)9 Wrcvcat Wrcvcat eu`dnup eu`dnup ovcr ttjc jc ncs`ka prcssurc oh tjc prcssurc vcsscd. ^jc s`zc, rmt`ak man aubecr oh vmdvcs oa m eo`dcr `s nctcrb`acn ey tjc MVBC Eo`dcr Fonc. ^jc smhcty vmdvcs man tjc n`sfjmrkc p`p`ak mrc to ec `astmddcn to foahorb to tjc MVBC fonc rcqu`rcbcats. ^jc `astmddmt`oa oh m vmdvc `s oh pr`bmry `bportmafc to `ts scrv`fc d`hc. M vmdvc bust ec bouatcn `a m vcrt`fmd pos`t`oa so tjmt n`sfjmrkc p`p`ak man foncrcqu`rcn nrm`as fma ec propcrdy p`pcn to prcvcat eu`dnup oh emfl prcssurc man mffubudmt`oa oh horc`ka bmtcr`md mrouan tjc vmdvc scmt mrcm. Mppdy oady m boncrmtc mbouat oh p`pc fobpouan to bmdc tjrcmns man mvo`n ovcrt`kjtca`ak, ovcrt`kjtc a`ak, wj`fj fma n`stort tjc scmts. Ssc oady ſtmt imwcn wrcafjcs oa tjc ſtmts prov`ncn. [jca `astmdd`ak m ſtmakc-foaacftcn vmdvc, usc m acw kmslct man nrmw tjc bouat`ak eodts nowa cvcady. No aot `astmdd or rcbovc s`nc outdct vmdvcs ey us`ak m p`pc or wrcafj `a tjc outdct.

H`kurc9 =-0 Vmhcty Xmdvcs Xmdvcs

VSWWOU^ H UOB ES@DN@AK FOAV^USF^@OA N@VFJMUKC OWCA@AK BSV^ECC]SMD^OOUDMUKCU^JMA ^O V^CMB @ADC^ XCA^ FMS^@OAXCA^W@WC  BSV^AO^ ^OSFJNU@W WMACZ^CACZ^CAV@OA

XCA^ W @WC

NU@W WMA CZ^CAV@OA

! [MUA@AK NMAKCU

NU@W WMA MAN CDEO[

Oady propcrdy fcrt`﬍cn pcrsoaacd sufj ms tjc smhcty vmdvc bmauhmfturcr‐s fcrt`﬍cn rcprcscatmt`vc fma mniust or rcpm`r tjc eo`dcr smhcty vmdvcs. Hm`durc to hoddow tjcsc `astruft`oas foudn rcsudt `a scr`ous pcrsoamd `aiury or ncmtj

= =/5‒ B@A. NU@W WMA NUM@A NU@W CDD NUM@A

VMHC^P XMDXC [M^CU [M^CU D CXCD AO^@FC9EMFL-WUCVVSUCOHV^CMBCZJMSV^ VPV^CBBSV^EC DCVV^JMA8%OH VMHC^PXMDXC VC^^@AK.

OWCA NUM@A ^O [MV^C

C. JO^ [M^CU FOA^UODV (MDD HSCDV) =.

[mtcr Wrcssurc Wrcssurc Km Kmukc ukc (H`kur (H`kurcc =-==)9 =-==)9 @an`fmt @an`fmtcs cs tjc eo`dcr eo`dcr `atcramd wmtcr prcssurc.

5.

[mtcr ^cbpc cbpcrmtur rmturcc Kmukc Kmukc (H` (H`kurc kurc =-==)9 =-==)9 @an`fmtc @an`fmtcss tjc eo`dcr wmtcr tcbpcrmturc.

6.

Opcrmt`ak Opcrmt`ak D`b` D`b`tt ^ ^cbpcr cbpcrmturc mturc Foatr Foatrod od ((H`kur H`kurcc =-=5)9 =-=5)9

EO@DCU VJCDD

H`kurc9 =-=7 Ucfobbcancn W`p`ak Hor Vtcmb Ucd`ch Xmdvc Xmdvc (Aot hura`sjcn ey Fdcmvcr-Erools)

Ercmls m f`rfu`t to stop euracr opcrmt`oa oa m r`sc oh  eo`dcr tcbpcrmturc mt m scdcftcn sctt`ak. @t `s mniustcn to stop or stmrt tjc euracr mt m prcscdcftcn opcrmt`ak tcbpcrmturc. >.

J`kj D`b` D`b`tt ^ ^cbpcr cbpcrmturc mturc Foatr Foatrod od (H (H`kurc `kurc =-=5) =-=5)99 Ercmls Ercmls m f`rfu`t to stop euracr opcrmt`oa oa m r`sc oh tcbpcrmturc mt m scdcftcn sctt`ak. @t `s mniustcn to stop euracr mt m prcscdcftcn tcbpcrmturc meovc tjc opcrmt`ak foatrod sctt`ak. ^jc j`kj d`b`t tcbpcrmturc foatrod aorbmddy `s cqu`ppcn w`tj m bmaumd rcsct.

H`kurc9 =-== [mtcr ^cbpcrmturc ^cbpcrmturc Kmukc =-8

;37-0>

    

 

Ems`fs oh H`rctuec Opcrmt`oa

3.

Bonud Bonudmt`a mt`ak k ^ ^cbpc cbpcrmtur rmturcc Foatrod Foatrod ((H`kur H`kurcc =-= =-=5)9 5)9 V Vcascs cascs fjmak`ak eo`dcr wmtcr tcbpcrmturc man trmasb`ts tjc `ahorbmt`oa to tjc bonudmt`ak botor to fjmakc tjc euracr ﬍r`ak rmtc wjca tjc bmaumd-mutobmt`f sw`tfj `s sct oa —mutobmt`f.‒

8.

DowDow-[ [mtcr Futohh Futohh (H` (H`kurc kurc =-=6)9 =-=6)9 Ercml Ercmlss tjc f`rf f`rfu`t u`t tto o stop euracr opcrmt`oa `h tjc wmtcr dcvcd `a tjc eo`dcr nrops

Fjmptcr =

ecdow smhc opcrmt`ak po`at, mft`vmt`ak dow-wmtcr d`kjt man opt`oamd mdmrb ecdd `h euracr `s so cqu`ppcn. ;.

Mux`d Mux`d`mry `mry Dow-[ Dow-[mtcr Futoh Futohhh (Ao (Aott Vj Vjowa) owa) (Opt` (Opt`oamd) oamd)99 Ercmls tjc f`rfu`t to stop euracr opcrmt`oa `h tjc wmtcr dcvcd `a tjc eo`dcr nrops ecdow tjc bmstcr dow-wmtcr futohh po`at.

:.

Vmhct Vmhcty y X Xmdvc mdvc(s) (s) (H (H`kurc `kurc =-0)9 Ucd`cvc Ucd`cvcss tjc e eo`dcr o`dcr oh  prcssurc j`kjcr tjma tjc ncs`ka prcssurc or m dowcr prcssurc, `h ncs`kamtcn. Ucd`ch vmdvcs man tjc`r n`sfjmrkc p`p`ak mrc to ec `astmddcn to foahorb to MVBC Fonc rcqu`rcbcats.

H`kurc9 =-=5 Jot [mtcr Foatrods

! [MUA@AK NMAKCU Oady propcrdy fcrt`﬍cn pcrsoaacd sufj ms tjc rcd`ch vmdvc bmauhmfturcr‐s fcrt`﬍cn rcprcscatmt`vc fma mniust or rcpm`r tjc eo`dcr rcd`ch vmdvcs. Hm`durc to hoddow tjcsc `astruft`oas foudn rcsudt `a scr`ous pcrsoamd `aiury or ncmtj.

H`kurc9 =-=6 Dow [mtcr Futohh (D[FO Jot [mtcr)

;37-0>

=-;

      

 

Fjmptcr =

Ems`fs oh H`rctuec Opcrmt`oa

H. @HKU FOBWOACA^V =. Hduc Kms ^rmashcr Wort, @HKU Nmbpcr Nmbpcr,, man Hdmakc Foddmr (H`kurc =-=>). ^jc ſtuc kms trmashcr port `s m tuec tjmt mddows tjc ſtuc kmscs to trmvcd hrob tjc cx`t oh tjc hourtjpmss tuecs to tjc catrmafc oh tjc fobeust`oa m`r hma.

bovcbcat. M sct oh spr`aks mddows tjc d`almkc to stmy `a m ﬍xcn pos`t`oa wj`dc tjc imflsjmht rotmtcs.

^jc @HKU nmbpcr foatrods tjc vodubc oh ſtuc kms `anufcn `ato tjc fobeust`oa fobeust`oa m`r strcmb. ^jc nmbpcr `s dofmtcn dofmtcn `a

>. Hucd Fjmak Fjmakc-Ov c-Ovcr cr D`almkc D`almkc (H`kur (H`kurcc =-=3). [jca [jca m eo`dcr `s cqu`ppcn to ﬍rc c`tjcr kms or o`d (numd-hucd eo`dcrs), man tjc rcqu`rcn AOx dcvcds mrc ecdow 87 ppb oa amturmd kms, m numd-d`almkc mrrmakcbcat `s uscn to prov`nc tjc n`hhcrcat rcf`rfudmt`oa rmtcs rcqu`rcn hor cmfj hucd. ^wo imflsjmht nr`vc mrbs mrc prov`ncn, oac hor o`d man oac hor kms. ^jc

tjc ſtuc kms trmashcr port man `s pos`t`oacn ey tjc foatrod d`almkc.

d`almkc `s bmaumddy foaacftcn to tjc mppropr`mtc mrb, emscn oa tjc hucd ec`ak uscn.

5. @HKU Nmbp Nmbpcr cr D`almk D`almkcc (H`kur (H`kurcc =-=3). ^jc @HK @HKU U nmbpcr `s pos`t`oacn ey tjc foatrod d`almkc. ^jc d`almkc foudn foas`st oh m s`akdc mrb, or `t foudn foas`st oh scvcrmd mrbs nr`vca hrob tjc imflsjmht to prov`nc bonudmt`ak foatrod (scc H`kurc =-=3).

Oa numd-hucd eo`dcrs w`tj two imflsjmht nr`vc mrbs, ms nc﬍acn meovc, m prox`b`ty sw`tfj `s uscn to provc tjmt tjc forrcft d`almkc foaacft`oa `s bmnc. (Uchcr to tjc w`r`ak n`mkrmb prov`ncn w`tj tjc eo`dcr.) eo`dcr.)

6. Ovcr-^ Ovcr-^rmvcd rmvcd Bcfjma`sb (H`kurcs (H`kurcs =-=> man =-=3). ^jc ovcr-trmvcd bcfjma`sb jms two huaft`oas. @t mddows tjc d`almkc to pmss tjroukj tjc hroat noor, man `t mddows  imflsjmhtt rotmt`oa to cxfccn (ovcr trmvcd) @HKU d`almkc  imflsjmh

FOBESV^@OA M@U @ADC^

3. Hma/Botor Fmsscttc (H`k (H`kurc urc =-=8). ^jc hma man botor msscbed`cs mrc ncs`kacn ms m fmsscttc so tjmt tjcy fma ec rcbovcn hrob tjc hroat oh tjc eo`dcr, w`tjout opca`ak tjc hroat noor. ^jc hroat noor nmv`t mrb fma ec uscn to rcbovc tjc msscbedy (H`kurc =-=8).

HDSC OS^DC^

HUOA^ NOOU M@UEOZ

EMFLWDM^C KMVLC^ FMVVC^^C BOSA^@AK EOD^ EOD^V V

@AVSDM^CN WMU^@^@OA

M@UEOZ KMVLC^ FMVVC^^C D@H^@AK CPCV

HDSC KMV ^UMAVHCU WOU^ [@^J @HKU NMBWCU HOSU^J-WMVV ^SECV

HMA/BO^OU FMVVC^^C

NMBWCU NU@XC MUB

HDMAKC FODDMU FOBESV^@OA M@U HMA OXCU-^UMXCD OXCU-^UM XCD BCFJMA@VB @HKU NMBWCU D@ALMKC ]S@FL N@VFOAACF^ D@ALMKC

^JUOM^ ^JUOM ^ MA N D@ACU ^@DC

IMFLVJMH^ MUB

HSUAMFC UCMU ESUACU NUM[CU KMVLC^ KMV VWSNV ESUACU NUM[CU ESUACU JOSV@AK ESUACU NUM[CU VSWWOU^V @AACU WDM^C FDMBWV @AVSDM^@OA  (57-67 WWB AOx VPV^CBV) [@ANEOZ HUOA^ NOOU EOD^V HDSC KMV HDO[ FOBESV^@OA M@U HDO[

H`kurc9 =-=> @anufcn Hduc Kms Ucf`rfudmt`oa Vystcb, Kcacrmd Mrrmakcbcat =-:

;37-0>

                  

 

Ems`fs oh H`rctuec Opcrmt`oa

Fjmptcr =

8. Eurac Euracrr Nrmwcr (H`k (H`kurc urc =-=>) =-=>).. ^jc kms spunn`a spunn`ak k pmttcra hor tjc @HKU systcb bmy ec n`hhcrcat tjma tjmt oh m aoa@ H KU , J` k j - ^ u r a n o wa F E E u r a c r o h t j c s m b c jorscpowcr (JW) boncd ncs`kamt`oa. ;.

souan dcvcd man fmpturcs jcmt hrob tjc eo`dcr man stmfl  ſtuc outdct. :.

Fobe Fobeust`o ust`oa a M`r @adct @adct (H`ku (H`kurc rc ==-=>). =>). ^jc ffobeu obeust`o st`oa a m`r `adcts mrc dofmtcn mt tjc top oh tjc hroat noor. M`r catcrs hrob tjc rcmr oh tjc m`r `adct sjrouns, wj`fj rcnufcs tjc

Hro Hroat at Noor Noor @asud @asudmt` mt`oa oa (H`ku (H`kurc rc =-=> =-=>). ). @@hh AOx cb`ss`oas mrc ecdow 87 WWB, tjc hroat noor `s `asudmtcn `as`nc to foatrod tcbpcrmturc eu`dn up. ^jc `asudmt`oa `s jcdn `a pdmfc w`tj w`rc bcsj.

OXCU-^UMXCD OXCU-^UM XCD BCFJMA@VB

67·* V@AKDC HSCD MUUMAKCBCA^ IMFLVJMH^ D@ALMKC UON @HKU NMBWCU FOA^UOD KMV IMFLVJMH^ NU@XC MUB

87·*

]S@FL-N@VFOAACF^ D@ALMKC O@D IMFLVJMH^ NU@XC MUB

* AOB@AMD9 MF^SMD WOV@^@OA XMU@CV [@^J AOx UC]S@UCBCA^ IMFLVJMH^ WUOZ@B@^P V[@^FJ IMFLVJMH^ MUB NSMD HSCD MUUMAKCBCA^

H`kurc9 =-=3 @HKU Nmbpcr D`almkc

FOBC-MDOAK OU JCMXP ^SUAESFLDC

NMX@^ MUB FJM@A

EMFL WDM^C KMVLC^

@ADC^ KMVLC^

HMA/BO^OU FMVVC^^C

AO^C9 08‒ (>77-:77 JW) UCFOBCANVSV@AK M 6-WO@A^ NMX@^ M^^MFJBCA^ HUOB ^JC NMX@^ MUB ^O ^JC HMB / BO^OU FMVVC^^C.

H`kurc9 =-=8 Hma/Botor Fmsscttc ;37-0>

=-0

 

 

 

Fjmptcr =

Ems`fs oh H`rctuec Opcrmt`oa

Aotcs 

=-=7

;37-0>

 

               

 

FJMW^CU 5 Euracr Opcrmt`oa man Foatrod M. ^jc Eurac Euracrr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-=

K. Foatrods Hor Fobe`amt`oa Fobe`amt`oa Euracrs Oady . . . . . . . 5-=5

E. Foatrod Man Fobpoacat Huaft`oa . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-5 F. Fobpoacats Fobboa ^o Mdd Eo`dcrs . . . . . . . . . . . 5-> N. Foatrods Foatrods Ho Horr Kms H`r H`r`ak `ak . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-3 C. Foatrods Fobboa ^o O`d-﬍rcn Eo`dcr   (@afdun`ak (@afdun`ak Fobe` Fobe`amt`o amt`oa) a) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-: H. Mnn`t`oamd Mnn`t`oamd Foatrods Hor Jcmvy O`d . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-==

J. Fobeust` Fobeust`oa oa M`r M`r . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-=5 @. Mutobmt`f Mutobmt`f @ka`t`oa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-=6 I. Mtob`z` Mtob`z`ak ak M M`r `r . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-=6 L. O`d Hucd Hucd Hdow - D`kjt D`kjt O`d O`d . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-=6 D. O`d Hucd Hdow Hdow - Jcmvy O`d . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-=8 . 5-=8 B. Kms Hucd Hdow. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-=8 A. Bonudmt`a Bonudmt`ak k H`r`a H`r`ak k . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-=8

M. ^JC ESUACU M@U NMBW NMBWCU CU OW OWCA CA

^jc o`d euracr `s oh tjc dow prcssurc, m`r mtob`z`ak (aozzdc) typc. ^jc kms euracr `s oh tjc aoa-prcb`x or`﬍fc typc. ^jc euracrs mrc `ka`tcn ey spmrl `ka`tcn kms p`dot. ^jc p`dot `s oh  tjc `atcrruptcn typc man `s cxt`aku`sjcn mhtcr bm`a ſtmbc `s cstmed`sjcn.

M@U NMBWCU FDOVCN

Aotc9 M Vcr`cs =77 eo`dcr `s usumddy cqu`ppcn w`tj m d`kjt o`d p`dot, mdtjoukj m kms p`dot `s mdso mvm`dmedc. Euracrs cqu`ppcn to eura o`d man kms (fobe`amt`oa euracrs) `afdunc cqu`pbcat hor cmfj n`st`aft hucd. V`afc tjc euracr uscs oady oac typc oh hucd mt m t`bc, m kms/o`d scdcftor sw`tfj `s `aforpormtcn. Uckmrndcss oh wj`fj hucd `s uscn, tjc euracr opcrmtcs w`tj hudd bonudmt`oa (w`tj`a `ts rmtcn opcrmt`ak rmakc). ^jc euracr rcturas to b`a`bub ﬍r`ak pos`t`oa hor `ka`t`oa. J`kjprcssurc eo`dcrs (meovc =3 ps`) fma ec w`rcn hor eotj dowprcssurc man j`kj-prcssurc bonudmt`oa, wj`fj camedcs tjc eo`dcr to opcrmtc mt dowcr prcssurc nur`ak ohh-domn jours, eut mt m sobcwjmt rcnufcn stcmb output, ncpcancat upoa dowcr stcmb prcssurc man stcmb aozzdc s`z`ak. ^jc ſtmbc smhckumrn man prokrmb rcdmy `afdunc m ſtmbc nctcftor to supcrv`sc eotj o`d man kms ſtmbcs, man to sjut tjc euracr nowa `a tjc cvcat oh doss oh ſtmbc. ^jc prokrmbb`ak port`oa oh tjc foatrod prov`ncs m prc-purk`ak pcr`on, prov`ak oh tjc p`dot man bm`a ſtmbc, man m pcr`on oh foat`aucn edowcr opcrmt`oa to postpurkc tjc eo`dcr oh mdd uaeuracn hucd vmpor. Otjcr smhcty foatrods sjut nowa tjc euracr uancr dow-wmtcr foan`t`oas, cxfcss stcmb prcssurc, or wmtcr tcbpcrmturc. Vmhcty `atcrdofl foatrods `afdunc fobeust`oa man mtob`z`ak m`r prov`ak sw`tfjcs man, ncpcan`ak upoa tjc hucd man `asurmafc fmrr`cr rcqu`rcbcats, foatrods tjmt provc tjc prcscafc oh mncqumtc hucd prcssurc, pdus tcbpcrmturc prov`ak foatrods wjca jcmtcn hucd o`d `s uscn.

;37-0=

H`kurc9 5-= Euracr Nrmwcr ^jc scqucafc oh euracr opcrmt`oa hrob stmrtup tjroukj sjutnowa `s kovcracn ey tjc prokrmb rcdmy `a foaiuaft`oa w`tj tjc opcrmt`ak, d`b`t man `atcrdofl ncv`fcs. ^jc ncv`fcs mrc w`rcn `ato tjc f`rfu`try to prov`nc smhc opcrmt`oa man protcft mkm`ast `aforrcft opcrmt`ak tcfja`qucs. Mdd FE eo`dcrs jmvc tjc euracr msscbedy mttmfjcn to tjc hroat jcmn. ^jc cat`rc jcmn bmy ec swuak opca hor `aspcft`oa man bm`atcamafc. Fobeust`oa m`r `s prov`ncn ey m fcatr`hukmd edowcr dofmtcn `a tjc hroat jcmn (H`kurc 5-3, 5-8). Fobeust`oa m`r ncd`vcry to tjc euracr `s uancr tjc foatrod oh tjc nmbpcr botor. ^jc botor mdso rckudmtcs tjc ſtow oh hucd tjroukj m d`almkc systcb foaacftcn to tjc kms euttcrſty vmdvc man/or o`d tjroukj m fmbopcrmtcn bctcr`ak vmdvc. Hucd `aput man m`r mrc tjus propcrdy proport`oacn hor bost ch﬍f`cat fobeust`oa. H`dtcrcn pr`bmry m`r hor mtob`z`ak hucd o`d `s hura`sjcn `ancpcancatdy oh fobeust`oa m`r ey ma m`r fobprcssor (H`kurc 5->). ^jc euracr foatrod f`rfu`t opcrmtcs oa ==3 vodt, s`akdc pjmsc 87 Jz (or 37 Jz wjca cqu`ppcn) mdtcramt`ak furrcat.

5-=

 

           

Fjmptcr 5

Euracr Opcrmt`oa man Foatrod

H`kurc9 5-6 Bonudmt`ak Botor

M`r @adct

H`kurc9 5-> M`r Fobprcssor

H`kurc9 5-5 M`r @atmlc ^jroukj ^jroukj Hroat Jcmn

^jc horfcn nrmht hma botor `s kcacrmddy opcrmtcn oa 6-pjmsc scrv`fc mt tjc mvm`dmed mvm`dmedcc bm`a powcr suppdy vodtmkc. @an`fmtor d`kjts s`kamd`ak domn ncbman, hucd vmdvc, dow wmtcr, wmtcr, man ſtmbc hm`durc foan`t`oas mrc stmanmrn cqu`pbcat. @a mnn`t`oa to tjc stmanmrn ems`f foatrods suppd`cn, otjcr ncv`fcs bmy ec rcqu`rcn to bcct spcf`﬍f rcqu`rcbcats oh ma `asurmafc fmrr`cr or dofmd fonc. Uchcr to tjc [`r`ak N`mkrmb ([N) prcpmrcn ey Fdcmvcr-Erools hor your spcf`﬍f `astmddmt`oa to nctcrb`ac tjc spcf`﬍f foatrods `a tjc euracr man d`b`t foatrod f`rfu`ts. ^jc huaft`oa oh `an`v`numd fobpoacats `s outd`acn `a Fjmptcr 5 man tjc cdcftr`fmd scqucafc `s fovcrcn `a Fjmptcr 6.

E. FOA^UOD MAN FOBWOACA^ HSAF^@OA ^jc tcrb —foatrod‒ fovcrs tjc borc `bportmat vmdvcs man fobpoacats, `afdun`ak, eut aot d`b`tcn to cdcftr`fmd foatrods or tjosc boa`torcn ey tjc prokrmb rcdmy. ^jc opcrmtor bust ecfobc hmb`d`mr w`tj tjc `an`v`numd huaft`oa`ak oh mdd foatrods echorc uancrstman`ak eo`dcr opcrmt`oa man profcnurcs outd`acn `a tj`s bmaumd. Echorc profccn`ak, `ncat`hy man dofmtc cmfj `tcb us`ak tjc fmddout `a tjc `ddustrmt`oa.

5-5

H`kurc9 5-3 Horfcn Nrmht Hma Botor

H`kurc9 5-8 Horfcn Nrmht Hma ^jc mftumd foatrods hura`sjcn w`tj may k`vca eo`dcr w`dd ncpcan upoa tjc typc oh hucd hor wj`fj `t `s cqu`ppcn, man wjctjcr `t `s m jot wmtcr or stcmb eo`dcr. Uchcr to tjc mppd`fmedc kroup or kroups w`tj`a Fjmptcr 5 tjmt mppdy to tjc pmrt`fudmr eo`dcr. Eo`dcrs w`tj opt`oamd hcmturcs bmy jmvc foatrod fobpoacats aot d`stcn jcrc.

;37-0=

 

                                                                                                                        

Euracr Opcrmt`oa man Foatrod

Fjmptcr 5

=3

=: =6

=>

== =7

=

0 :

3

;

6 >

8

=5

Aotc9 ^j`s ﬍kurc sjows hroat noor mrrmakcbcat hor FE w`tj DC opt`oa. Vcc H`kurc 5-=6 hor mrrmakcbcat w`tj DC. =. HOUFCN NUMH^ HMA BO^OU (H@KSUC 5-3) 5. HOUFCN NUMH^ HMA (H@KSUC 5-8) 6. BONSDM^@AK BO^OU (H@KSUC 5-6) >. BONSDM^@AK BO^OU ^UMAVHOUBCU 3. HOUFCN NUMH^ HMA BO^OU V^MU^CU 8. @KA@^@OA ^UMAVHOUBCU ;. DO[ H@UC V[@^FJ (AO^ VJO[A) :. M^OB@Y@AK M@U WUOX@AK V[@^FJ 0. BMASMD-MS^OBM^@F V[@^FJ =7. BMASMD HDMBC FOA^UOD ==. ESUACU V[@^FJ =5. HDMBC NC^CF^OU

=;

=8

=6. FOBESV^@OA M@U WUOX@AK V[@^FJ =>. MDMUB =3. V^MFL ^JCUBOBC^CU =8. N@HHSVCU =;. UO^MUP M@U NMBWCU =:. WUCVVSUC KMSKC

H`kurc9 5-; Foatrods Fobboa to Mdd Eo`dcrs ;37-0=

5-6

         

 

Fjmptcr 5

Euracr Opcrmt`oa man Foatrod

F. FOBWOACA^V FOBBOA ^O MDD EO@DCUV =.

Horf Horfcn cn Nrm Nrmht ht H Hma ma Botor Botor (H (H`kurc `kurc 5-3, 5 5-;)9 -;)9 Nr` Nr`vcs vcs hhorfcn orfcn nrmht hma n`rcftdy to prov`nc fobeust`oa m`r m`r.. Mdso rchcrrcn to ms m edowcr botor.

5.

Horf Horfcn cn Nr Nrmht mht H Hma ma (H (H`kur `kurcc 5-8)9 5-8)9 Wr Wrov`n ov`ncs cs md mddd m` m`r, r, uancr prcssurc, hor fobeust`oa oh p`dot hucd man bm`a hucd, man

6.

hor purk`ak. Bonud Bonudmt`ak mt`ak Botor (H`kurc (H`kurc 5 5-;)9 -;)9 Opcrm Opcrmtcs tcs tjc rotmry rotmry m`r nmbpcr man hucd bctcr`ak vmdvcs tjroukj m fmb man d`almkc systcb to prov`nc propcr m`r/hucd rmt`os uancr mdd eo`dcr domn foan`t`oas.

>.

Bonud Bonudmt`ak mt`ak Botor ^rmashor ^rmashorbcr bcr (H`kur (H`kurcc 5-; 5-;)) (d (dofmtc ofmtcn n `a tjc bon botor)9 Ucnufcs foatrod f`rfu`t vodtmkc (==3 Xmf) to rcqu`rcn vodtmkc (5>Xmf) hor opcrmt`oa oh tjc bonudmt`ak botor.

3.

Horf Horfcn cn Nr Nrmht mht Hma Botor Vtmrt Vtmrtcr cr (H`kur (H`kurcc 55-; ; & 5-:) 5-:)99 Cacrk`zcs horfcn nrmht hma (edowcr) botor.

8.

@ka`t @ka`t`oa `oa ^rm ^rmashor ashorbcr bcr ((H`kur H`kurcc 5-;)9 5-;)9 Wr Wrov`n ov`ncs cs j` j`kj kj v vodtm odtmkc kc spmrl hor `ka`t`oa oh kms p`dot or d`kjt o`d p`dot.

;.

Dow H`rc Vw`tf Vw`tfj j (Ao (Aott Vjo Vjowa, wa, do dofmtcn fmtcn `a tjc tjc bo bon n botor)9 botor)9 Ma `atcramd mux`d`mry sw`tfj, fmb mftumtcn ey tjc botor sjmht, wj`fj bust ec fdoscn to `an`fmtc tjmt tjc m`r nmbpcr man hucd bctcr`ak vmdvc mrc `a tjc dow ﬍rc pos`t`oa echorc ma `ka`t`oa fyfdc fma offur.

:.

0.

Mtob` Mtob`z`ak z`ak M`r W Wrov` rov`ak ak Vw`tfj Vw`tfj (H`kur (H`kurcc 5-; 5-;)9 )9 M prc prcssurc ssurc-scas`t`vc sw`tfj mftumtcn ey m`r prcssurc hrob tjc M`r Wubp. @ts foatmfts fdosc to provc prcscafc oh mtob`z`ak m`r. ^jc hucd vmdvcs fmaaot ec cacrk`zcn uadcss tj`s sw`tfj `s smt`s﬍cn. Bmaum Bmaumd-Mut d-Mutobmt obmt`f `f V Vw`tf w`tfj j (H (H`kurc `kurc 5-;)9 [jca sct mt —mutobmt`f,‒‒ suescqucat opcrmt`oa `s mt tjc fobbman oh  —mutobmt`f, tjc bonudmt`ak foatrod, wj`fj kovcras tjc pos`t`oa oh tjc bonudmt`ak botor `a mffornmafc w`tj domn ncbman. [jca sct mt —bmaumd,‒ —bmaumd,‒ tjc bonudmt`ak botor, tjroukj tjc bmaumd ſtmbc foatrod, fma ec pos`t`oacn mt m ncs`rcn euracr ﬍r`ak rmtc. ^jc pr`bmry purposc oh tjc bmaumd pos`t`oa `s hor tcst`ak man sctt`ak tjc m`r/hucd rmt`o tjroukj tjc cat`rc ﬍r`ak rmakc.

=7. Bmaum Bmaumdd Hdmbc Foa Foatrod trod (H` (H`kurc kurc 5-; 5-;)9 )9 M bm bmaumdd aumddy y opcrmtcn potcat`obctcr tjmt pcrb`ts tjc pos`t`oa`ak oh  tjc bonudmt`ak botor to m ncs`rcn euracr ﬍r`ak rmtc wjca tjc bmaumd-mutobmt`f sw`tfj `s sct oa —bmaumd—. @t `s uscn pr`bmr`dy hor `a`t`md or suescqucat sctt`ak oh hucd `aput tjroukjout tjc ﬍r`ak rmakc. @t jms ao foatrod ovcr tjc ﬍r`ak rmtc wjca tjc bmaumd-mutobmt`f sw`tfj `s sct oa —mutobmt`f.‒ ==. Euracr Vw` Vw`tfj tfj (H`ku (H`kurc rc 5-; & 5-:)9 M bm bmaumdd aumddy y opcrmtcn opcrmtcn stmrt-stop sw`tfj hor n`rcftdy stmrt`ak man stopp`ak opcrmt`oa oh euracr. 5->

V^MU^CU

WDSK-@A BONSDC "M"

WUOKUMBBCU

AWD WDSK-@A BONSDC "E" AWD

^CUB@AMDV

HDMBC HM@DSUC

DOMN NCBMAN

U

[

ESUACU V[@^FJ

BMASMD HDMBC FOA^UOD

BMASMDMS^O

HSCD XMDXC [

DO[ [M^CU U

H`kurc9 5-: Foatrod Eox

=5. Hdmb Hdmbcc Nctcftor Nctcftor (H`kur (H`kurcc 5-;)9 Boa`tors Boa`tors km kmss or o`d p`dot man cacrk`zcs tjc prokrmbbcr ſtmbc rcdmy `a rcspoasc to m ſtmbc s`kamd. @t foat`aucs to boa`tor bm`a ſtmbc (o`d or kms) mhtcr cxp`rmt`oa oh p`dot prov`n`ak pcr`on. M stmanmrn cqu`ppcn eo`dcr jms m dcmn sud﬍nc (`ahrmrcn scas`t`vc) nctcftor. =6. Fobe Fobeust` ust`oa oa M`r Wrov`ak Wrov`ak Vw`t Vw`tfj fj (H`kurc (H`kurc 5-;)9 M prcssurc-scas`t`vc sw`tfj mftumtcn ey m`r prcssurc hrob tjc horfcn nrmhtm`r. hma.^jc @ts foatmfts fdosc to provc prcscafc oh fobeust`oa hucd vmdvcs fmaaot ec cacrk`zcn uadcss tj`s sw`tfj `s smt`s﬍cn.

;37-0=

                                        

 

Euracr Opcrmt`oa man Foatrod

=>. Mdmrb ((H`kur H`kurcc 5-;)9 Vouans Vouans to aot`hy aot`hy tjc opcr opcrmtor mtor oh m foan`t`oa rcqu`r`ak mttcat`oa. ^jc mdmrb `s mvm`dmedc ms opt`oamd cqu`pbcat.

Fjmptcr 5

=.

Kms W`dot W`dot Xmdvc9 mdvc9 M sodcao`n sodcao`n vmdvc vmdvc tjmt opcas n nur`ak ur`ak tjc `ka`t`oa pcr`on to mnb`t hucd to tjc p`dot. @t fdoscs mhtcr bm`a ſtmbc `s cstmed`sjcn. ^jc scqucafc oh cacrk`z`ak man nc-cacrk`z`ak `s foatroddcn ey tjc prokrmbb`ak rcdmy. M scfoan kms p`dot vmdvc bmy ec rcqu`rcn ey `asurmafc rckudmt`oas.

=3. Vtmfl ^jc ^jcrbob rbobctcr ctcr (H`ku (H`kurc rc 5-;)9 @an`f @an`fmtcs mtcs tcbpc tcbpcrmtur rmturcc oh vcatcn ſtuc kmscs. =8. N`hhuscr (H`kurcs 5-;)9 5-;)9 M f`rfudmr pdmtc, dofmtcn mt tjc huramfc can oh tjc euracr nrmwcr, tjmt `bpmrts m rotmry sw`rd`ak bot`oa to fobeust`oa m`r `bbcn`mtcdy pr`or to `ts catcr`ak tjc ſtmbc, tjus prov`n`ak m tjoroukj man ch﬍f`cat b`xturc w`tj tjc hucd. =;. Uotmr Uotmry y M`r Nmbpcr Nmbpcr (H`kurc (H`kurcss 5-;)9 Wrov` Wrov`ncs ncs mffur mffurmtc mtc foatrod oh fobeust`oa m`r `a proport`oa to hucd `aput hor vmr`ous domn ncbmans. @t foas`sts oh two foafcatr`f fyd`ancrs w`tj opca`aks. ^jc outcr `s stmt`oamry. ^jc `aacr `s rotmtcn, uancr foatrod oh tjc bonudmt`ak botor, to vmry tjc chhcft`vc s`zc oh tjc opca`aks wjcrc tjcy ovcrdmp.

3 >

=:. @an`fmtor D`kjts ((H`kurc H`kurc 55-:)9 :)9 Wro Wrov`nc v`nc v` v`sumd sumd `ah `ahorbmt`oa orbmt`oa oh eo`dcr opcrmt`oa ms hoddows (`an`fmtor d`kjts vmry w`tj foatrods prov`ncn)9 •Hdmbc Hm`durc •Domn Ncbman

5

•Hucd Xmdvc (vmdvc opca) •Dow [mtcr =0. Wrokr Wrokrmb mb Ucdmy man Hdmbc Hdmbc Vmhckumrn Vmhckumrn Foatrod Foatrod (H` (H`kurc kurc 5:)9 Mutobmt`fmddy Mutobmt`fmddy prokrmbs cmfj stmrt`ak, opcrmt`ak man sjutnowa pcr`on `a foaiuaft`oa w`tj opcrmt`ak d`b`t man `atcrdofl ncv`fcs. @afduncs, `a m t`bcn man propcr scqucafc, tjc opcrmt`oa oh tjc edowcr botor, `ka`t`oa systcb, hucd vmdvc(s), man tjc nmbpcr botor. ^jc scqucafc `afduncs m`r purkc pcr`ons pr`or to `ka`t`oa man upoa euracr sjutnowa.

=

6 ^jc ſtmbc nctcftor port`oa oh tjc foatrod boa`tors eotj o`d man kms ſtmbcs man prov`ncs protcft`oa `a tjc cvcat oh doss oh  m ſtmbc s`kamd. ^jc foatrod rcfyfdcs mutobmt`fmddy nur`ak aorbmd opcrmt`oa, or hoddow`ak m powcr `atcrrupt`oa. @t bust ec bmaumddy rcsct hoddow`ak m smhcty sjutnowa fmuscn ey m doss oh ſtmbc. Ma `atcramd fjcfl`ak f`rfu`t, chhcft`vc oa cvcry stmrt, prcvcats euracr opcrmt`oa `a tjc cvcat maytj`ak fmuscs tjc ſtmbc rcdmy to jodn `a nur`ak tj`s pcr`on.

=. KMV W@DO^ XMDXCV 5. KMV W@DO^ XCA^ XMDXC 6. KMV W@DO^ VJS^OHH FOFL >. KMV WUCVVSUC KMSKC 3. KMV WUCVVSUC UCKSDM^@AK XMDXC

H`kurc9 5-0 W`dot W`d ot Kms ^rm`a ^rm`a

N. FOA^UODV HOU KMV H@U@AK Ncpcan`ak upoa tjc rcqu`rcbcats oh tjc `asurmafc fmrr`cr or otjcr kovcra`ak mkcaf`cs, tjc kms ſtow foatrod systcb, or kms trm`a, bmy foas`st oh sobc, or mdd, oh tjc hoddow`ak `tcbs. Uchcr to tjc N`bcas`oa N`mkrmb (NN) prcpmrcn ey FdcmvcrErools hor your spcf`﬍cn `astmddmt`oa.

;37-0=

5-3

                   

 

Fjmptcr 5

Euracr Opcrmt`oa man Foatrod

5.

Kms W`d W`dot ot X Xcat cat Xmdvc mdvc99 [j [jca ca m scfoan scfoan kms p p`dot `dot v vmdvc mdvc ``ss rcqu`rcn, m aorbmddy opca vcat vmdvc (opt`oamd cqu`pbcat) `s `astmddcn ectwcca tjcb. @ts purposc `s to vcat kms to tjc mtbospjcrc, sjoudn may ec prcscat `a tjc p`dot d`ac wjca tjc p`dot vmdvcs mrc fdoscn. ^jc vmdvc fdoscs wjca tjc p`dot vmdvcs mrc cacrk`zcn.

6.

Kms W W`dot `dot Vjutohh Vjutohh Fofl9 Hor bmaumddy bmaumddy opca`ak opca`ak or fdos` fdos`ak ak tjc kms suppdy to kms p`dot vmdvc.

>.

Kms Wrcss Wrcssurc urc Kmukc Kmukc99 @@an`fm an`fmtcs tcs kms prcssurc prcssurc to p p`dot. `dot.

3.

Kms Wr Wrcssu cssurc rc Uc Uckudm kudmt`ak t`ak Xmdvc9 mdvc9 Ucn Ucnufcs ufcs `afob `afob`ak `ak kms kms prcssurc to su`t tjc p`dot.

8.

Kms W W`dot `dot Msp`rmtor Msp`rmtor (H`kurc (H`kurc 55-=7)9 =7)9 Wrov Wrov`ncs `ncs fobpd fobpdctc ctc b`x`ak oh kms man m`r to tjc p`dot.

;.

Kms W W`dot `dot Mnius Mniust`ak t`ak Fofl (H`kurc5-= (H`kurc5-=7)9 7)9 Uckud Uckudmtcs mtcs tjc s`zc oh tjc kms p`dot ſtmbc.

:.

Kms Bo Bonud nudmt` mt`ak ak Fmb (H (H`ku `kurc rc 5-==)9 5-==)9 Ma msscbe msscbedy dy,, foas`st`ak oh m qumnrmat, m scr`cs oh mniustmedc mddca-jcmn sfrcws man m foatour spr`ak, prov`ncn hor mniustbcat oh  kms `aput mt may po`at `a tjc bonudmt`ak rmakc.

8. KMV W@DO^ MVW@UM^OU ;. KMV W@DO^ MNISV^@AK FOFL

Bm`a Kms Fofl Fofl ((H`kur H`kurcc 5-=5)9 5-=5)9 H Hor or bmaumd bmaumddy dy o opca`a pca`ak k man

H`kurc9 5-=7 Euracr Nrmwcr Hmfc

0.

8 ;

fdos`ak tjc bm`a hucd kms suppdy nowastrcmb oh tjc bm`a kms d`ac prcssurc rckudmtor. M scfoan sjutohh fofl, nowastrcmb oh tjc bm`a kms vmdvc(s), `s `astmddcn to prov`nc m bcmas oh sjutt`ak ohh tjc kms d`ac wjcacvcr m tcst `s bmnc hor dcmlmkc mfross tjc bm`a kms vmdvc. =7. Euttcrſty Kms Xmdvc9 ^jc p` p`votcn votcn n`sf `a tjc vmdvc ``ss mftumtcn ey foaacft`ak d`almkc hrob tjc kms bonudmt`ak fmb to rckudmtc tjc rmtc oh kms ſtow to tjc euracr. ==. Bm`a Kms Xmdvcs9 Cdcft Cdcftr`fmddy r`fmddy mftumtcn sjutohh vmdvcs vmdvcs tjmt opca s`budtmacousdy to mnb`t kms to tjc euracr. ^jc nowastrcmb vmdvc `s cqu`ppcn w`tj m —prooh oh fdosurc‒ sw`tfj tjmt `s foaacftcn `ato tjc prc-`ka`t`oa `atcrdofl  f`rfu`t.

:

H`kurc9 5-== Kms Bonudmt`ak Fmb

=5. Bm`a Kms X Xcat cat X Xmdvc9 mdvc9 M aorbmddy opca sodcao`n vmdv vmdvcc `astmddcn ectwcca tjc two bm`a kms vmdvcs to vcat kms to tjc mtbospjcrc sjoudn may ec prcscat `a tjc bm`a kms d`ac wjca tjc kms vmdvcs mrc nccacrk`zcn. ^jc vcat vmdvc fdoscs wjca tjc kms vmdvcs mrc cacrk`zcn. =6. Dow Kms Wrcssu Wrcssurc rc Vw`tfj9 M prcssurc prcssurc-mft -mftumtcn umtcn sw`t sw`tfj fj tjmt `s fdoscn wjcacvcr bm`a kms d`ac prcssurc `s meovc m prcscdcftcn prcssurc. Vjoudn tjc prcssurc nrop ecdow tjc sctt`ak, tjc sw`tfj foatmfts opca m f`rfu`t fmus`ak tjc bm`a kms vmdvc(s) to fdosc, or prcvcat tjc euracr hrob stmrt`ak. ^jc sw`tfj `s usumddy cqu`ppcn w`tj m ncv`fc tjmt bust ec bmaumddy rcsct mhtcr ec`ak tr`ppcn. =>. J`kj Kms Wrc Wrcssurc ssurc Vw` Vw`tfj tfj (Aot Vjo Vjowa)9 wa)9 M prcssur prcssurcc mftumtcn sw`tfj tjmt `s fdoscn wjcacvcr bm`a kms d`ac prcssurc `s ecdow m prcscdcftcn prcssurc. Vjoudn tjc prcssurc r`sc meovc tjc sctt`ak, tjc sw`tfj foatmfts w`dd

5-8

opca m f`rfu`t fmus`ak tjc bm`a kms vmdvc(s) to fdosc, or prcvcat tjc euracr hrob stmrt`ak. ^jc sw`tfj `s usumddy cqu`ppcn w`tj m ncv`fc tjmt bust ec bmaumddy rcsct mhtcr ec`ak tr`ppcn. =3. Dcmlm Dcmlmkc kc Foaacf Foaacft`oa t`oa (Aot Vj Vjowa) owa)99 ^jc eony oh tjc kms vmdvc jms m pdukkcn opca`ak tjmt `s uscn wjcacvcr `t `s acfcssmry to foanuft m tcst hor poss`edc dcmlmkc mfross tjc fdoscn vmdvc.

;37-0=

                                      

 

 

Euracr Opcrmt`oa man Foatrod

Fjmptcr 5

=5 =7

0

=6

== 0. BM@A KMV FOFL =7. ES^^CUHDP KMV XMDXC ==. BM@A KMV XMDXCV =5. BM@A KMV XCA^ XMDXC =6. DO[ KMV WUCVVSUC V[@^FJ

0

H`kurc9 5-=5 Kms ^rm`a ^rm`a

Aotcs 

;37-0=

5-;

        

 

Fjmptcr 5

Euracr Opcrmt`oa man Foatrod

C. FOA^UODV FOBBOA F OBBOA ^ ^O O O@DH@UCN EO@DCUV (@AFDSN@AK FOBE@AM^@OA)

3.

^jc hoddow`ak `tcbs mrc mppd`fmedc to mdd o`d ﬍rcn or kms man o`d ﬍rcn eo`dcrs. Mnn`t`oamd foatrods hor Ao. 8 o`d mrc d`stcn `a Vcft`oa @. =.

5.

M.O`d Bctcr`ak Xmdvc9 Xmdvc bctcr`ak stcb bovcs to `afrcmsc or ncfrcmsc tjc or`﬍fc mrcm to rckudmtc tjc

O`d Nr Nrmwcr mwcr Vw`tfj Vw`tfj (H` (H`kurc kurc 5-=6)9 5-=6)9 Opcas tjc dd`b`t `b`t f`rfu`t f`rfu`t `h o`d nrmwcr euracr kua `s aot dmtfjcn `a tjc horwmrn pos`t`oa rcqu`rcn hor eura`ak o`d.

suppdy oh hucd o`d to tjc euracr aozzdc `a mffornmafc w`tj eo`dcr domn vmr`mafcs. Vtcb bovcbcat `s foatroddcn ey tjc bonudmt`ak botor tjroukj d`almkc man tjc o`d bctcr`ak fmb.

Mtob` Mtob`z`ak z`ak M`r W Wrov` rov`ak ak Vw`tfj Vw`tfj ((H`kur H`kurcc 55-=6)9 =6)9 Wrcs Wrcssurcsurcmftumtcn sw`tfj wjosc foatmfts mrc fdoscn wjca suh﬍f`cat mtob`z`ak m`r prcssurc hrob tjc m`r pubp `s prcscat hor o`d ﬍r`ak. O`d vmdvc(s) w`dd aot opca, or w`dd aot rcbm`a opca, uadcss sw`tfj foatmfts mrc fdoscn.

6.

Mtob` Mtob`z`ak z`ak M`r Wrcss Wrcssurc urc K Kmukc mukc (H`kurc (H`kurc 5 5-=6)9 -=6)9 @an`f @an`fmtcs mtcs tjc mtob`z`ak m`r prcssurc mt tjc euracr kua

>.

O`d Vo Vodcao` dcao`n n Xmdvc Xmdvc (H`kurc (H`kurc 55-=6)9 =6)9 Opcas wjca ccacrk acrk`zcn `zcn tjroukj foatmfts `a tjc prokrmbbcr man mddows hucd o`d ſtow hrob tjc o`d bctcr`ak vmdvc to tjc euracr aozzdc. M d`kjt o`d ﬍rcn euracr uscs two vmdvcs opcrmt`ak

E. O`d Bonudmt`ak Fmb9 Msscbedy foas`st`ak oh m qumnrmat, m scr`cs oh mniustmedc mddca-jcmn sfrcws man m foatour spr`ak prov`ncn hor mniustbcat oh o`d `aput mt may po`at `a tjc bonudmt`ak rmakc. F. O`d Euracr Wrcssurc Kmukc9 @an @an`fmtcs `fmtcs prcssurc oh tjc hucd o`d mt tjc bctcr`ak vmdvc. N. O`d Wrcssurc Uckudmtor9 Hor mniustbcat oh tjc prcssurc oh o`d mt tjc bctcr`ak vmdvc. 8.

O`d Ucd`ch Ucd`ch Xmdvc (H`ku (H`kurc rc 5-=6)9 5-=6)9 Bm Bm`atm `atm`as `as m fo foastma astmatt o`d suppdy prcssurc to tjc hucd o`d foatroddcr ey eypmss`ak cxfcss hucd o`d.

;.

^crb`a rb`ammd Ed Edof ofl l

s`budtmacousdy.

=

Hucd O`d Foatro Foatroddcr ddcr (H`kurcs (H`kurcs 5-=6 5-=6 & 5-=>)9 5-=>)9 Ma msscbedy msscbedy fobe`a`ak `ato m s`akdc ua`t tjc kmukcs, rckudmtors man vmdvcs rcqu`rcn hor rckudmt`ak tjc ſtow oh hucd o`d. Mdd foatroddcrs jmvc tjc hoddow`ak `atckrmd pmrts. @a mnn`t`oa to tjcsc, tjc foatroddcr uscn oa m Ao. 8 o`d ﬍rcn euracr jms mnn`t`oamd fobpoacats ncsfr`ecn `a Vcft`oa @.

5

6 >

8 3 =. O@D NUM[CU V[@^FJ 5. M^OB@Y@AK M@U WUOX@AK V[@^FJ 6. M^OB@Y@AK M@U WUCVVSUC KMSKC >. O@D VODCAO@N XMDXC

; 3. HSCD O@D FOA^UODDCU 8. O@D UCD@CH XMDXC ;. ^CUB@AMD EDOFL

H`kurc9 5-=6 Fobpoacats Fobboa to O`d H`rcn Eo`dcrs 5-:

;37-0=

   

 

Euracr Opcrmt`oa man Foatrod

Fjmptcr 5

O@D BONSDM^@AK FMB

WMFL@AK KDMAN

O@D BC^CU@AK XMDXC

O@D WUCVVSUC UCKSDM^OU

O@D ESUACU  WUCVVSUC KMSKC

O@D VSWWDP

O@D UC^SUA

^O BM@A O@D VODCAO@N XMDXC

H`kurc9 5-=> O`d Foatrod Xmdvc Msscbedy Msscbedy - hor D`kjt O`d

O@D BONSDM^@AK FMB O@D BC^CU@AK XMDXC WMFL@AK KDMAN O@D WUCVVSUC UCKSDM^OU O@D ESUACU WUCVVSUC KMSKC

O@D UC^SUA WUCVVSUC KMSKC HSCD O@D ^JCUBOBC^CU

O@D VSWWDP

O@D UC^SUA

OU@H@FCN XMDXC

BMASMD EP-WMVV XMDXC ^O BM@A O@D VODCAO@N XMDXC

EMFL WUCVVSUC XMDXC

H`kurc9 5-=3 O`d Foatrod Xmdvc Xmdvc Msscbedy -hor Jcmvy O`d

;37-0=

5-0

 

Fjmptcr 5

Euracr Opcrmt`oa man Foatrod

:.

Hucd O`d V Vtrm` trm`acr acr ((Aot Aot V Vjowa jowa)9 )9 Wrcvc Wrcvcats ats horc` horc`ka ka bmttcr bmttcr hrob catcr`ak tjc euracr systcb.

F. M`r H`dtcr9 ^jc ﬍dtc ﬍dtcrr fdcmas tjc m`r suppdy pr`or pr`or to catcr`ak m`r pubp.

0.

Kms W` W`dot9 dot9 Vcc Vc Vcft`oa ft`oa N hor ncsfr ncsfr`pt` `pt`oa oa oh tjc vmr`o vmr`ous us fobpoacats.

N. Fjcfl Xmdvc9 Xmdvc9 Wrcvcats duer`fmt`ak o`d man fobprcsscn m`r hrob surk`ak emfl tjroukj tjc pubp man m`r ﬍dtcr wjca tjc pubp stops.

=7. D`kjt O`d W`dot Xmdvc (Aot Vjo Vjowa)9 wa)9 [jca m d`kjt o`d p`dot `s hura`sjcn, m sodcao`n vmdvc `s prov`ncn to foatrod ſtow oh hucd to tjc p`dot aozzdc. @t `s cacrk`zcn tjroukj prokrmbbcr foatmfts. @t `s nccacrk`zcn to sjut ohh p`dot hucd ſtow mhtcr bm`a ſtmbc `s `ka`tcn man cstmed`sjcn.

C. M`r-O`d Ucfc`vcr Ucfc`vcr ^mal9 ^mal9 Jodns m suppdy oh o`d hor duer`fmt`ak tjc m`r pubp. ^jc rcfc`vcr tmal mdso scpmrmtcs duec o`d hrob tjc mtob`z`ak m`r echorc ncd`vcry to aozzdc.

==. Emfl Wrcss Wrcssurc urc Or`﬍fc (Ao (Aott Vjowa)9 M rcstr`f rcstr`ft`oa t`oa dofmtcn dofmtcn `a tjc o`d rctura d`ac `bbcn`mtcdy nowastrcmb oh tjc hucd o`d foatroddcr to frcmtc emfl prcssurc (=77 man 577 scr`cs oady).g =5. M`r Wubp Bonud Bonudcc Mssc Msscbedy bedy (H` (H`kurcs kurcs 5-= 5-=8)9 8)9 Wrov Wrov`ncs `ncs tjc fobprcsscn m`r rcqu`rcn to mtob`zc tjc hucd o`d hor propcr fobeust`oa. @t `s stmrtcn mutobmt`fmddy ey tjc prokrmbbcr‐ss scqucafc. @t `afduncs fobpoacats prokrmbbcr‐ ncsfr`ecn M-J. M.M`r Wubp Botor9 Nr`vcs tjc m`r pubp man ma m`r food`ak hma. ^jc botor `s stmrtcn man stoppcn s`budtmacousdy w`tj tjc horfcn nrmht hma botor. E. M`r Wubp9 Wrov`ncs m`r hor mtob`zmt`oa mtob`zmt`oa oh tjc hucd o`d. o`d.

H. Duec O`d Dcvcd V`kjt Kdmss9 @an`fmtcs @an`fmtcs tjc dcvc dcvcdd oh  duer`fmt`ak o`d `a tjc m`r-o`d rcfc`v rcfc`vcr cr tmal. K.Duec O`d Food`ak Fo`d9 Foods tjc duer`fmt`ak o`d echorc `t catcrs tjc m`r pubp. M hma nr`vca ey tjc m`r pubp botor f`rfudmtcs food`ak m`r ovcr tjc fo`d. J. Duec O`d H`dd W`pc man Vtrm`acr9 Sscn wjca mnn`ak o`d to tjc m`r-o`d rcfc`vcr tmal. =6. Dow O`d Wrcs Wrcssurc surc Vw`tfj Vw`tfj (Opt`oamd) (Opt`oamd)99 Vw`tfj foat foatmfts mfts opca wjca tjc hucd o`d prcssurc nrops ecdow scdcftcn prcssurc. Vw`tfj w`dd `atcrrupt tjc d`b`t f`rfu`t upoa doss oh suh﬍f`cat hucd o`d prcssurc hor forrcft fobeust`oa. =>. Hucd O`d Wu Wubp bp (Aot Vjowa)9 Vjowa)9 ^ ^rmash rmashcrs crs hucd hucd o`d hrob tjc stormkc tmal man ncd`vcrs `t uancr prcssurc to tjc euracr systcb.

C N

F M

E

K

H

J

M. M@U WSBW BO^OU E. M@U WSBW F. M@U H@D^CU

N. FJCFL XMDXC C. M@U-O@D UCFC@XCU  ^MAL H. DSEC O@D DCXCD V@KJ^ KDMVV K. DSEC O@D FOOD@AK FO@D

H`kurc9 5-=8 M`r Wubp (Wr`bmry M`r) 5-=7

;37-0=

 

Euracr Opcrmt`oa man Foatrod

Fjmptcr 5

H. MNN@^@OAMD FOA^UODV HOU JCMXP O@D ^jc o`d jcmtcr (H`kurc 5-=; Vtcmb) `s prov`ncn to jcmt jcmvy o`d to tjc po`at wjcrc `t fma ec chhcft`vcdy mtob`zcn man euracn. Bost jcmvy o`d jcmtcrs ut`d`zc ma cdcftr`f jcmtcr to rcnufc tjc v`sfos`ty oh tjc jcmvy o`d uat`d tjc po`at wjcrc c`tjcr stcmb or jot wmtcr `s mvm`dmedc. Jcmvy o`d jcmtcrs

jouscn `a tjc stcmb jcmtcr, eut `s jouscn scpmrmtcdy oa m jot wmtcr jcmtcr. Vtcmb o`d jcmtcrs oa =3 ps` eo`dcrs opcrmtc mt eo`dcr prcssurc. Vtcmb o`d jcmtcrs hura`sjcn oa j`kj prcssurc eo`dcrs mrc to ec opcrmtcn mt dcss tjma =3 ps`. Opcrmt`oa `s mffobpd`sjcn w`tj m stcmb prcssurc rckudmtor vmdvc. 3.

O`d Uctura Uctura ^o ^ ^mal9 mal9 Cxfcs Cxfcsss o`d rrctura cturacn cn to tjc tjc jcmvy jcmvy o` o`ds ds

opcrmt`ak w`tj jot wmtcr w`dd jmvc mnn`t`oamd foatrods aot rcprcscatcn `a H`kurc 5-=;.

8.

Jcmtcr Vw`tfj (Aot Vjowa)9 Bmaumddy prov`ncs powcr to tjc o`d jcmtcr systcb.

suppdy tmal. O`d @adct @adct Hrob Vuppd Vuppdy y ^ ^mal9 mal9 J Jcmvy cmvy o`d ``adct adct hrob tjc suppdy tmal.

;.

Vtcmb Jcmtc Jcmtcrr Fjcfl Fjcfl X Xmdvc mdvc99 Wrc Wrcvcat vcatss o`d ffoatm oatmb`amt b`amt`oa `oa oh tjc wmtcrs`nc oh prcssurc vcsscd sjoudn may dcmlmkc offur `a tjc o`d jcmtcr. jcmtcr.

:.

Vtcmb ^rm ^rmp9 p9 N Nrm`as rm`as foancasmtc foancasmtc man prc prcvcat vcatss doss doss o oh  h  stcmb hrob tjc stcmb o`d jcmtcr. Foancasmtc bust ec p`pcn to m smhc po`at oh n`sfjmrkc. Fjcfl Xmdvc (Vtcmb (Vtcmb Jcm Jcmtcr tcr N`sfjmr N`sfjmrkc)9 kc)9 Wrc Wrcvcat vcatss m`r catry nur`ak sjutnowa pcr`ons wjca food`ak mft`oa bmy frcmtc vmfuub w`tj`a stcmb jcmtcr.

=.

O`d J Jcmtcr cmtcr (Cdcftr`f) (Cdcftr`f)99 Ssc Sscn n hor jcmt` jcmt`ak ak su suh﬍f h﬍f`cat `cat hucd o`d hor dow-﬍rc ſtow nur`ak fodn stmrts echorc stcmb or jot wmtcr `s mvm`dmedc hor jcmt`ak. ^jc jcmtcr bust ec turacn ohh nur`ak cxtcancn eo`dcr dmy-up, or mt may t`bc tjc hucd o`d trmashcr pubp `s stoppcn.

5.

Cdc Cdcftr ftr`f `f O`d Jc Jcmtc mtcrr ^jc ^jcrbo rbostm stmt9 t9 Vca Vcascs scs hucd hucd o`d tcbpcrmturc man cacrk`zcs or nccacrk`zcs tjc cdcftr`f o`d jcmtcr to bm`atm`a rcqu`rcn tcbpcrmturc oh tjc hucd o`d.

0.

6.

Vtc Vtcmb mb O`d O`d Jcm Jcmtcr tcr ^jcrbo ^jcrbostm stmt9 t9 Vc Vcasc ascss huc hucdd o`d tcbpcrmturc man foatrods tjc opca`ak man fdos`ak oh tjc stcmb jcmtcr vmdvc to bm`atm`a tjc rcqu`rcn tcbpcrmturc oh tjc hucd o`d.

>.

O`d J Jcmtcr cmtcr Vjcdd (Vtcm (Vtcmb/Jot b/Jot [mtcr) mtcr)99 Jcm Jcmts ts hucd hucd o` o`dd tjroukj bcn`ub oh stcmb or jot wmtcr. Cdcftr`f jcmtcr `s

=7. Vtcmb Jcmt Jcmtcr cr Wrcssurc Wrcssurc Uckudmtor9 Uckudmtor9 Mn Mniust iust to prov`nc prov`nc rcnufcn (usumddy dcss tjma =3 ps`) stcmb prcssurc to tjc jcmtcr to propcrdy bm`atm`a tjc rcqu`rcn hucd o`d tcbpcrmturc. ^jc rckudmtor man tjc prcssurc kmukc mrc aot hura`sjcn oa =3 ps` ua`ts.

=3

==. Vtcmb Jcmtcr Vodcao`n Xmdvc9 M aorbmddy opca opca sodcao`n vmdvc opcacn ey tjc stcmb o`d jcmtcr tjcrbostmt to mddow

=>

=6

=5 == =7 0

=8

=; =:

=

5

6

>

3 8

;

=. O@D JCM^CU (CDCF^U@F ) 5. O@D JCM^CU ^JCUBOV^M^  (V^CMB) 6. O@D JCM^CU ^JCUBOV^M^  (CDCF^U@F ) >. O@D JCM^CU VJCDD 3. O@D UC^SUA ^O ^MAL 8. O@D @ADC^ HUOB ^MAL

=7. V^CMB JCM^CU WUCVVSUC  UCKSDM^OU ==. V^CMB JCM^CU VODCAO@N  XMDXC =5. V^CMB WUCVVSUC  KMSKC =6. O@D UCD@CH XMDXC =>. DO[ O@D ^CBWCUM^SUC  V[@^FJ =3. O@D VSWWDP WUCVVSUC  KMSKC

;. FJCFL XMDXC :. V^CMB ^UMW 0. FJCFL XMDXC

=8. O@D UC^SUACN HUOB HSCD O@D FOA^UODDCU =;. JCM^CN O@D ^O ESUACU =:. HSCD O@D V^UM@ACU

:

H`kurc9 5-=; O`d Jcmt`ak Msscbed Msscbedy y (Vtcmb) ;37-0=

5-==

 

Fjmptcr 5 ſtow oh stcmb to tjc stcmb jcmtcr to bm`atm`a tcbpcrmturc oh hucd o`d. =5. Vtcmb Wrc Wrcssurc ssurc Kmukc9 Kmukc9 @an`fm @an`fmtcs tcs stcmb prcssurc prcssurc catcr`ak catcr`ak tjc jcmtcr. =6. O`d Ucd`ch Xmdvc9 Mddows rcdcmsc oh ccxfcss`vc xfcss`vc pr prcssurc cssurc to tjc rctura s`nc oh tjc o`d d`ac p`pcn to tjc tmal. =>. Dow-O`d-^ Dow-O`d-^cbpcrmturc cbpcrmturc Vw`tfj9 ^jcrbostmt`f sw`tfj tjmt prcvcats euracr hrob stmrt`ak, or stops euracr ﬍r`ak `h  hucd o`d tcbpcrmturc `s dowcr tjma rcqu`rcn hor o`d euracr opcrmt`oa. =3. O`d Vuppd Vuppdy y Wrcssur Wrcssurcc Kmukc9 @an` @an`fmtcs fmtcs huc hucdd o`d prcssu prcssurc rc `a tjc o`d jcmtcr man suppdy prcssurc to tjc hucd o`d foatroddcr‐s prcssurc rckudmtor. @a mnn`t`oa to tjc fobpoacats oh tjc hucd o`d foatroddcr bcat`oacn `a Vcft`oa C, tjc hoddow`ak mrc uscn w`tj m jcmvy o`d ﬍rcn euracr. M.J`kj-O`d-^cbpcrmturc Vw`tfj (Opt`oamd)9 Vw`tfj foatmfts opca wjca hucd o`d tcbpcrmturc rm`scs meovc m scdcftcn tcbpcrmturc. Vw`tfj w`dd `atcrrupt tjc d`b`t f`rfu`t `a tjc cvcat hucd o`d tcbpcrmturc r`scs meovc tjc scdcftcn po`at. E. Jot [mtcr [mtcr O`d Jcmtcr ^jcrbostmt9 Sscn oa m jot wmtcr eo`dcr to scasc hucd o`d tcbpcrmturc man foatrod tjc stmrt`ak man stopp`ak oh tjc eoostcr wmtcr pubp. F. Eoostcr [mtcr [mtcr Wubp9 Vtmrtcn man stoppcn ey tjc jot wmtcr tjcrbostmt to rckudmtc tjc ſtow oh jot wmtcr tjroukj tjc jot wmtcr o`d jcmtcr to bm`atm`a tcbpcrmturc oh hucd o`d.

Euracr Opcrmt`oa man Foatrod n`b`a`sj`ak ſtmbc, wj`fj foat`aucs eura`ak hor mpprox`bmtcdy > scfoans mhtcr tjc o`d sodcao`n vmdvc fdoscs. I. M`r Wurkc Or`﬍fc Aozzdc9 D`b`ts purk`ak purk`ak m`r to propcr qumat`ty hor cxpcdd`ak uaeuracn o`d mt aorbmd ncd`vcry rmtc. L. M`r Wurkc Or`﬍fc Aozzdc H`dtcr9 H`dtcrs tjc purk`ak m`r oh may pmrt`fdcs tjmt b`kjt pduk tjc m`r purkc or`﬍fc aozzdc. D. M`r Wurkc Fjcfl Xmdvc9 Xmdvc9 X Xmdvc mdvc fjcfl prcvcats hucd o`d hrob catcr`ak tjc mtob`z`ak m`r d`ac. B.M`r Wurkc Ucdmy9 [jca cacrk`zcn, foatrods opcrmt`oa oh m`r purkc vmdvc.

K. FOA^UODV HOU FOBE@AM^@OA ESUACUV OADP (=) Kms-O`d Vw`tfj (H`kurc 5-=:)9 Euracrs cqu`ppcn to eura c`tjcr o`d or kms `afdunc cqu`pbcat hor cmfj hucd. ^jc scdcftor sw`tfj cakmkcs tjc mppropr`mtc `atcrdofls man foatrods hor kms or o`d opcrmt`oa. Fjmptcr > nctm`ds tjc rcqu`rcn bcfjma`fmd huaft`oas oh cmfj hucd systcb.

KMV / O@D VCDCF^OU V[@^FJ

N.Hucd O`d ^jcrbobctcr9 @an`fmtcs tcbpcrmturc oh hucd o`d ec`ak suppd`cn to tjc hucd o`d foatroddcr. C. Emfl Wrcssurc X Xmdvc9 mdvc9 Hor mniustbcat oh o`d prcssurc oa tjc nowastrcmb s`nc oh tjc bctcr`ak vmdvc. Mdso rckudmtcs rmtc oh rctura o`d ſtow. H. O`d Uctura Wrcssurc Kmukc9 @an`fmtcs o`d prcssurc oa tjc rctura s`nc oh tjc hucd o`d foatroddcr. K.Bmaumd Ey-Wmss Xmdvc9 Wrov`ncn ms m t`bc smvcr `a cstmed`sj`ak o`d ſtow. [jca opca, `t pcrb`ts f`rfudmt`oa oh o`d tjroukj tjc suppdy man rctura d`acs. ^jc vmdvc bust  ec fdoscn pr`or to `a`t`md d`kjt ohh. bust ec J. Or`﬍fc O`d Foatrod Xm Xmdvc9 dvc9 X Xmdvc mdvc bmy ec opcacn pr`or to stmrt-up to m`n `a cstmed`sj`ak hucd o`d ſtow tjroukj tjc foatroddcr. ^jc vmdvc bust ec fdoscn pr`or to `a`t`md d`kjt ohh. @ts n`sf jms ma or`﬍fc to pcrb`t m foat`auous f`rfudmt`oa oh jot hucd o`d tjroukj tjc foatroddcr foatroddcr.. @. M`r Wurkc Xmdvc9 Vodcao` Vodcao`n n vmdvc opcas s`budtmac s`budtmacousdy ousdy w`tj fdos`ak oh o`d sodcao`n vmdvc mt euracr sjutnowa, mddow`ak fobprcsscn m`r to purkc o`d hrob tjc euracr aozzdc man mnimfcat p`p`ak. ^jc o`d `s euracn ey tjc

5-=5

H`kurc9 5-=: Vtmanmrn Foatrod Wmacd

J. FOBESV^@OA M@U M`r hor fobeust`oa oh hucd (ohtca rchcrrcn to ms —scfoanmry‒ m`r) `s hura`sjcn ey tjc horfcn nrmht hma (H`kurc 5-=0) bouatcn `a tjc eo`dcr jcmn. @a opcrmt`oa, m`r prcssurc `s eu`dt up `a tjc cat`rc jcmn man `s horfcn tjroukj m n`hhuscr pdmtc hor m tjoroukj b`xturc w`tj tjc hucd hor propcr fobeust`oa. ^jc suppdy oh scfoanmry m`r to tjc euracr `s kovcracn ey mutobmt`fmddy tjrottd`ak tjrottd`ak tjc output oh tjc hma ey rckudmt`ak tjc rotmry m`r nmbpcr. ^jc nmbpcr prov`ncs tjc propcr mbouat oh  m`r horrmtcs. forrcft rmt`o oh m`r to hucd hor ch﬍f`cat fobeust`oa mt mdd ﬍r`ak

;37-0=

 

Euracr Opcrmt`oa man Foatrod

Fjmptcr 5

trmashorbcr mrc nccacrk`zcn mhtcr bm`a ſtmbc `s `ka`tcn man cstmed`sjcn.

AO^@FC9 HMA UO^M^@OA @V FOSA^CUFDOFL[@VC [JCA X@C[CN HUOB HUOA^ OH EO@DCU.

Hucd hor tjc kms p`dot `s suppd`cn hrob tjc ut`d`ty‐s bm`a, or hrob m tmal (eottdc) suppdy. Vcfoanmry m`r ſtows `ato man b`xcs w`tj tjc p`dot kms strcmb to prov`nc ma mncqumtc ſtmbc.

XCA^

BM@A O@D ESUACU AOYYDC  dc mv

cr

  ro o

@asurmafc rckudmt`oas bmy rcqu`rc two kms p`dot sodcao`n vmdvcs w`tj m aorbmddy opca vcat vmdvc ectwcca tjcb. ^jc vcat vmdvc fdoscs wjca tjc kms p`dot vmdvcs opca, man opcas wjca tjc kms p`dot vmdvcs sjut to vcat kms, sjoudn may ec prcscat `a tjc p`dot d`ac nur`ak tjc nccacrk`zcn pcr`on oh tjc kms p`dot vmdvcs.

ls

HMA BO^OU

HOUFCN NUMH^ HMA

Hucd hor m d`kjt-o`d p`dot `s prov`ncn hrob tjc d`ac tjmt suppd`cs o`d uancr prcssurc hor tjc bm`a ſtmbc. M sodcao`n mftumtcn vmdvc foatrods ſtow oh o`d to tjc p`dot aozzdc. ^jc vmdvc `s cacrk`zcn s`budtmacousdy w`tj tjc `ka`t`oa trmashorbcr mt tjc eck`aa`ak oh tjc `ka`t`oa fyfdc man `s nccacrk`zcn mhtcr bm`a ſtmbc `s `ka`tcn man cstmed`sjcn.

I. M^OB@Y@ ^OB@Y@AK AK M@U

KMV W@DO^ MVVCBEDP N@HHSVCU V^ME@D@YCU

UO^MUP M@U NMBWCU

H`kurc9 5-=0 Vcfoanmry M`r Hdow N`mkrmb

@. MS^OBM^@F @KA@^@OA O`d or kms euracrs mrc `ka`tcn ey ma `atcrruptcn-typc p`dot. ^jc p`dot ſtmbc `s `ka`tcn mutobmt`fmddy ey ma cdcftr`f spmrl. ^jc scr`cs =77 euracr usumddy `s cqu`ppcn w`tj m p`dot ﬍rcn w`tj d`kjt o`d hucd. Mdd otjcr euracrs mrc cqu`ppcn w`tj m kms eura`ak p`dot. @a tjc fmsc oh m fobe`amt`oa euracr, tjc kms p`dot `s uscn to `ka`tc c`tjcr tjc bm`a kms ſtmbc or tjc o`d ſtmbc. C`tjcr p`dot scrvcs tjc smbc huaft`oa. Sadcss cxfcpt`oa `s tmlca `a tjc tcxt, tjc tcrb p`dot `s uscn `atcrfjmakcmedy. Mt tjc eck`aa`ak oh tjc `ka`t`oa fyfdc, man kovcracn ey tjc prokrmb rcdmy, tjc p`dot sodcao`n vmdvc man `ka`t`oa trmashorbcr mrc s`budtmacousdy cacrk`zcn. ^jc `ka`t`oa trmashorbcr suppd`cs j`kj vodtmkc furrcat hor tjc `ka`t`ak spmrl. M kms p`dot jms m s`akdc cdcftronc man m spmrl  mrfs ectwcca tjc t`p oh tjc cdcftronc man tjc wmdd oh tjc tuec surrouan`ak `t. M d`kjt o`d p`dot jms two cdcftroncs man tjc mrf `s ectwcca tjc`r t`ps. ^jc p`dot sodcao`n vmdvc man tjc

;37-0=

M`r hor mtob`z`ak tjc hucd o`d (ohtca rchcrrcn to ms —pr`bmry m`r‒) `s pubpcn ey tjc m`r pubp `ato tjc m`r-o`d rcfc`v rcfc`vcr cr tmal  man ncd`vcrcn uancr prcssurc tjroukj m bma`hodn edofl to tjc o`d euracr aozzdc. ^jc mtob`z`ak m`r b`xcs w`tj tjc hucd o`d iust pr`or to tjc o`d dcmv`ak tjc aozzdc. Mtob`z`ak m`r prcssurc `s `an`fmtcn ey tjc m`r prcssurc kmukc oa tjc euracr kua. M`r prcssurc hrob tjc pubp mdso horfcs suh﬍f`cat o`d hrob tjc tmal to tjc pubp ecmr`aks to duer`fmtc tjcb man mdso to prov`nc m scmd man duer`fmt`oa hor tjc pubp vmacs. Ms m rcsudt, tjc m`r ncd`vcrcn to tjc tmal foatm`as sobc duec o`d< jowcvcr, bost oh `t `s rcfovcrcn tjroukj emhſtcs man ﬍dtcrs `a tjc tmal  echorc tjc m`r pmsscs to tjc euracr. euracr. Vobc oh tjc pr`bmry m`r `s mdso uscn to mss`st tjc o`d prcssurc rckudmtors oh tjc hucd o`d foatroddcr. Hurtjcr cxpdmamt`oa `s k`vca `a fjmptcr 3.

L. O@D HSCD HDO[ - D@KJ^ O@D ^jc o`d hucd ſtow systcb sfjcbmt`f `s sjowa `a H`kurc 5-57. O`d ſtow `s `an`fmtcn ey mrrows man tjc pcrt`acat foatrods mrc fmddcn out. Hucd o`d `s ncd`vcrcn `ato tjc systcb ey m suppdy pubp wj`fj ncd`vcrs pmrt oh `ts n`sfjmrkc to tjc o`d euracr. Cxfcss o`d `s rcturacn to tjc o`d stormkc tmal tjroukj tjc hucd o`d rcd`ch vmdvc man o`d rctura d`ac. Aorbmddy tjc pubp opcrmtcs oady wj`dc tjc euracr `s `a opcrmt`oa, mdtjoukj m pos`t`oa`ak sw`tfj `s ohtca prov`ncn so tjmt c`tjcr foat`auous or mutobmt`f pubp opcrmt`oa fma ec oetm`acn.

5-=6

 

Fjmptcr 5

Euracr Opcrmt`oa man Foatrod

M@U V^UM@ACU

BMA@HODN EDOFL

AOYYDC M@U WUCVVSUC KMSKC

O@D ESUACU AOYYDC

V[@AK FJCFL XMDXC M^OB@Y@AK M@U

M@U WSBW

O@D VODCAO@N XMDXC M^OB@Y@AK M@U WUCVVSUC HCCN EMFL FOA^UOD ^SE@AK

 

M^OB@Y@AK M@U WUOX@AK V[@^FJ HSCD O@D FOA^UODDCU DSEC O@D V^UM@ACU O@D WUCVVSUC UCKSDM^OU

O@D ESUACU WUCVVSUC KMSKC

M@U O@D UCFC@XCU ^MAL

DSEC O@D

O@D BC^CU@AK XMDXC O@D BONSDM^@AK FMB

O@D UC^SUA EMFL WUCVVSUC OU@H@FC

O@D UCD@CH XMDXC

HSCD O@D UC^SUA HSCD O@D V^UM@ACU O@D VSWWDP WUCVVSUC KMSKC

HSCD O@D V^UM@ACU

HSCD O@D VSWWDP WSBW

FJCFL XMDXC

WU@B@AK ^CC

XMFSSB KMSKC

VJS^OHH XMDXC

AO^ VSWWD@CN EP FDCMXCU EUOOLV

HSCD O@D @ADC^

H`kurc9 5-57 Vfjcbmt`f N`mkrmb hor hor D`kjt O`d Hdow

5-=>

;37-0=

 

Euracr Opcrmt`oa man Foatrod

Fjmptcr 5

M@U V^UM@ACU

AOYYDC M@U WUCVVSUC KMSKC O@D ESUACU AOYYDC

BMA@HODN EDOFL

V[@AK FJCFL XMDXC M^OB@Y@AK M@U M@U WSBW M^OB@Y@AK M@U WUCVVSUC HCCNEMFL FOA^UOD ^SE@AK O@D VODCAO@N XMDXC

M^OB@Y@AK M@U WUOX@AK V[@^FJ

HSCD O@D FOA^UODDCU DSEC O@D V^UM@ACU O@D WUCVVSUC UCKSDM^OU

M@U WSUKC XMDXC

M@U O@D UCFC@XCU ^MAL

HSCD O@D ^JCUBOBC^CU

M@U WSUKC FJCFL XMDXC O@D BC^CU@AK XMDXC

DSEC O@D M@U WSUKC FJCFL XMDXC

O@D BONSDM^@AK FMB

DO[ O@D ^CBWCUM^SUC V[@^FJ

WUCVVSUC UCD@CH XMDXC O@D UC^SUA WUCVVSUC KMSKC

BMASMD EP-WMVV XMDXC

O@D ESUACU WUCVVSUC KMSKC OU@H@FCN XMDXC

AO^C9 N@MKUMB VJO[V FOBWOACA^V SVCN [@^J V^CMB KCACUM^OUV. UCHCU ^O H@KSUC =-5 HOU FOUUCVWOAN@AK JO^ [M^CU JCM^@AK FOBWOACA^V.

O@D UCD@CH XMDXC

O@D VSWWDP WUCVVSUC KMSKC

O@D JCM^CU ^JCUBOV^M^ (CDCF^U@F)

HSCD O@D UC^SUA

AO^C9 FOANCAVM^C HUOB V^CMB ^UMW BSV^ EC [MV^CN MAN W@WCN

V^CMB JCM^CU WUCVVSUC KMSKC V^CMB JCM^CU

^O M VMHC WO@A^ OH N@VFJMUKC.

VODCAO@N XMDXC V^CMB WUCVVSUC UCKSDM^OU V^CMB VJS^OHH XMDXC HSCD O@D V^UM@ACU

V^CMB @ADC^

O@D JCM^CU VJCDD FJCFL XMDXC V^CMB V^UM@ACU

XMFSSB KMSKC O@D JCM^CU (CDCF^U@F)

O@D JCM^CU ^JCUBOV^M^ (V^CMB)

FJCFL XMDXC

V^CMB ^UMW

FJCFL XMDXC VJS^OHH WU@B@AK ^CC

* ^JCVC @^CBV MUC SVCN OA J@KJ

HSCD O@D

WUCVVSUC KCACUM^OUV OADP

VSWWDP WSBW

HSCD O@D V^UM@ACU

XMDXC

AO^ VSWWD@CN EP FDCMXCU EUOOLV

HSCD O@D @ADC^

H`kurc9 5-5= Vfjcbmt`f N`mkrmb hor Ao. 8 Jcmvy O`d Hdow (Vtcmb-Cdcftr`f Jcmtcr)

;37-0=

5-=3

 

Fjmptcr 5

Euracr Opcrmt`oa man Foatrod

^jc o`d ſtows tjroukj m hucd o`d strm`acr to prcvcat may horc`ka bmtcr`md hrob ſtow`ak tjroukj tjc foatrod vmdvcs man aozzdc. ^jc hucd o`d foatroddcr foatm`as `a m s`akdc ua`t, m bctcr`ak vmdvc, m rckudmtor, man m kmukc rcqu`rcn to rckudmtc tjc prcssurc man ſtow oh o`d to tjc euracr euracr.. ^jc mniustmedc rckudmtor foatrods tjc prcssurc. ^o mss`st `a tjc rckudmt`oa, emfl  prcssurc `s frcmtcn ey ma or`﬍fc aozzdc dofmtcn `a tjc o`d rctura d`ac `bbcn`mtcdy nowastrcmb oh tjc hucd o`d foatroddcr.

mtob`z`ak m`r prov`ak sw`tfj, man tjc dow o`d-tcbpcrmturc man may prcssurc sw`tfjcs mrc fdoscn. ^jcy mrc smt`s﬍cn, rcspcft`vcdy, ey suh﬍f`cat fobeust`oa m`r prcssurc hrob tjc horfcn nrmht hma, prcssur`zcn m`r hrob tjc m`r pubp man suh﬍f`cat o`d tcbpcrmturc man prcssurc.

^jcvmdvcs prokrmbb`ak rcdmy nccacrk`zcs tjc sodcao`n o`d to pcrb`t or cacrk`zcs fut ohh o`dorſtow to tjc euracr. ^wo vmdvcs, opcrmt`ak s`budtmacousdy, mrc uscn. ^jc vmdvcs mrc fdoscn wjca nccacrk`zcn. ^jcy fmaaot ec opcacn (cacrk`zcn) uadcss tjc fobeust`oa m`r prov`ak sw`tfj man tjc mtob`z`ak m`r prov`ak sw`tfj mrc fdoscn. ^jc two sw`tfjcs mrc smt`s﬍cn, rcspcft`vcdy, ey suh﬍f`cat fobeust`oa m`r prcssurc hrob tjc horfcn nrmht hma man prcssur`zcn m`r hrob tjc m`r pubp.

mrc foatroddcn s`budtmacousdy mt mdd ey tjc botor to proport`oa fobeust`oa m`rt`bcs man hucd hor bonudmt`ak fjmakcs `a domn ncbman.

^jc o`d ſtow to tjc euracr `s foatroddcn ey tjc bovcbcat oh  tjc bctcr`ak stcb `a tjc o`d bctcr`ak vmdvc, wj`fj vmr`cs tjc ſtow to bcct domn ncbmans. ^jc bctcr`ak vmdvc man tjc m`r nmbpcr mrc foatroddcn s`budtmacousdy mt mdd t`bcs ey tjc bonudmt`ak botor to proport`oa fobeust`oa m`r man hucd hor fjmakcs `a domn ncbman.

D. O@D HSCD HDO[ - JCMXP O@D ^jc o`d hucd ſtow man f`rfudmt`ak systcb `s sjowa `a sfjcbmt`f n`mkrmb horb `a H`kurcs 5-5=. ^jc pcrt`acat foatrods mrc fmddcn out man tjc o`d ſtow `s `an`fmtcn ey mrrows. Hucd o`d `s ncd`vcrcn `ato tjc systcb ey tjc hucd o`d suppdy pubp wj`fj ncd`vcrs pmrt oh `ts n`sfjmrkc to tjc o`d jcmtcr. ^jc rcbm`ancr oh tjc hucd o`d rcturas to tjc o`d stormkc tmal  tjroukj m hucd o`d rcd`ch vmdvc man o`d rctura d`ac. ^jc fobe`amt`oa cdcftr`f man stcmb o`d prcjcmtcr `s foatroddcn ey tjcrbostmts. ^jc cdcftr`f o`d jcmtcr tjcrbostmt cacrk`zcs tjc cdcftr`f jcmtcr, wj`fj `s prov`ncn to suppdy jcmtcn o`d oa fodn stmrts. ^jc stcmb jcmtcr tjcrbostmt foatrods opcrmt`oa oh  tjc stcmb sodcao`n vmdvc to pcrb`t m ſtow oh stcmb to tjc jcmtcr wjca stcmb `s mvm`dmedc. M jot wmtcr eo`dcr `s cqu`ppcn to jcmt tjc o`d w`tj jot wmtcr hrob tjc eo`dcr, uadcss otjcr prcjcmt`ak cqu`pbcat `s ut`d`zcn. ^jc cdcftr`f jcmtcr, wj`fj `s jouscn scpmrmtcdy, `s s`zcn to prov`nc jcmtcn o`d oa m fodn stmrt. ^jc jot wmtcr tjcrbostmt foatrods tjc opcrmt`oa oh m pubp tjmt suppd`cs jot wmtcr to tjc o`d jcmtcr wjca jot wmtcr `s mvm`dmed mvm`dmedc. c. ^jc jcmtcn o`d ſtows tjroukj m hucd o`d strm`acr to prcvcat may horc`ka bmttcr hrob catcr`ak tjc foatrod vmdvcs man aozzdc. ^jc hucd o`d foatroddcr foatm`as, `a m s`akdc ua`t, tjc acfcssmry vmdvcs, rckudmtors man kmukcs to rckudmtc tjc prcssurc man ſtow oh o`d to tjc euracr. ^jc prokrmb rcdmy cacrk`zcs or nccacrk`zcs tjc sodcao`n o`d vmdvc to pcrb`t or wjca fut ohh o`d ſtow to @t tjc euracr. o`d sodcao`n `s fdoscn nccacrk`zcn. fmaaot ec ^jc opcacn (cacrk`zcn) uadcss tjc fobeust`oa m`r prov`ak sw`tfj, tjc

5-=8

O`d ſtow to tjc euracr `s foatroddcn ey tjc bovcbcat oh tjc bctcr`ak stcb oh tjc o`d bctcr`ak vmdvc, wj`fj vmr`cs tjc ſtow to bcct domn ncbmans. ^jc bctcr`ak vmdvc man tjc m`r nmbpcr

O`d `s purkcn hrob tjc euracr kua upoa cmfj euracr sjutnowa. ^jc m`r purkc sodcao`n vmdvc opcas ms tjc hucd vmdvc fdoscs, n`vcrt`ak mtob`z`ak mtob`z`ak m`r tjroukj tjc o`d d`ac. ^jc m`r mssurcs m fdcma aozzdc man d`ac hor suescqucat rcstmrt.

B. KMV HSCD HDO[ Bctcrcn kms hrob tjc ut`d`ty ſtows tjroukj tjc prcssurc rckudmtor mt m rcnufcn prcssurc su`tmedc to euracr rcqu`rcbcats, tjroukj tjc bm`a kms sjutohh fofl, bm`a kms vmdvc(s), man bonudmt`ak euttcrſty kms vmdvc to tjc aoaprcb`x or`﬍fc-typc euracr. ^jc bm`a kms vmdvc `s oh tjc aorbmddy fdoscn typc, man `s opcacn (cacrk`zcn) `a propcr scqucafc ey tjc prokrmbb`ak rcdmy. ^jc euttcrſty kms vmdvc bonudmtcs tjc ſtow oh kms hrob dow tjroukj j`kj ﬍rc sctt`aks. ^jc pos`t`oa oh tjc euttcrſty vmdvc n`sf `s kovcracn ey tjc kms bonudmt`ak fmb. ^jc euttcrſty kms vmdvc, man tjc m`r foatrod nmbpcr mrc foatroddcn s`budtmacousdy ey tjc bonudmt`ak botor to proport`oa fobeust`oa m`r man hucd hor fjmakcs `a domn ncbman. ^jc kms ſtow rmtc rcqu`rcn hor rmtcn euracr `aput ncpcans upoa tjc jcmt`ak vmdvc (Etu/fue`f hoot) oh tjc kms suppd`cn. ^jc kms prcssurc rckudmtor mniusts tjc kms prcssurc (ſtow rmtc) to tjc catrmafc oh tjc kms trm`a. ^jc rckudmtor `s aot mdwmys suppd`cn w`tj tjc euracr, eut bmy ec prov`ncn ey otjcrs. ^jc bm`a kms vmdvcs fmaaot ec cacrk`zcn (opcacn) uadcss tjc fobeust`oa m`r prov`ak sw`tfj `s fdoscn to `an`fmtc m suh﬍f`cat suppdy oh fobeust`oa m`r. ^jc dow kms prcssurc man j`kj kms prcssurc sw`tfjcs bust ec fdoscn to provc suh﬍f`cat, eut aot cxfcss`vc, kms hucd prcssurc.

A. BONSDM^@AK H@U@AK ^jc bonudmt`ak botor, tjroukj m d`almkc mrrmakcbcat (H`kurc 5-55), foatrods tjc m`r nmbpcr man tjc euttcrſty kms vmdvc, or tjc o`d bctcr`ak vmdvc, to bm`atm`a m foastmat m`r/hucd rmt`o tjroukjout tjc ﬍r`ak rmakc. Nur`ak euracr opcrmt`oa, tjc botor `s foatroddcn ey m bonudmt`ak prcssurc foatrod oa m stcmb eo`dcr, or ey m bonudmt`ak tcbpcrmturc foatrod oa m jot wmtcr eo`dcr. M bmaumddy opcrmtcn potcat`obctcr `s prov`ncn to pcrb`t pos`t`oa`ak oh tjc botor mt tjc ncs`rcn euracr ﬍r`ak rmtc. ^jc ;37-0=

 

Euracr Opcrmt`oa man Foatrod

Fjmptcr 5

H`kurc9 5-55 Euracr Nrmwcr man Hucd D`almkc Msscbed`cs.

botor.. ^jc sw`tfj bust ec fdoscn to cstmed`sj tjmt tjc nmbpcr botor man hucd bctcr`ak vmdvcs mrc `a tjc dow-﬍rc pos`t`oa echorc tjc prokrmbbcr fobbcafcs `ato tjc `ka`t`oa pcr`on. Nur`ak tj`s t`bc, ac`tjcr tjc bmaumd ſtmbc foatrod aor tjc bonudmt`ak foatrod jmvc may foatrod ovcr tjc nmbpcr botor, rckmrndcss oh  ^jc bonudmt`ak botor (fobboady fmddcn m nmbpcr botor) `s tjc`r sctt`ak. rcvcrs`edc. @t jms ma `atcramd d`b`t sw`tfj tjmt rcstr`fts sjmht potcat`obctcr `s uscn pr`bmr`dy hor `a`t`md or suescqucat fjcfl`ak man sctt`ak oh hucd `aput. Aorbmd opcrmt`oa sjoudn ec w`tj tjc bmaumd-mutobmt`f sw`tfj `a tjc —mutobmt`f‒ pos`t`oa man uancr tjc foatrod oh tjc bonudmt`ak foatrod.

rotmt`oa to 07·. Nur`ak aorbmd opcrmt`oa tjc botor w`dd bovc Ma opt`oamddy cqu`ppcn eo`dcr uscs m scfoan `atckrmd sw`tfj to cstmed`sj tjmt tjc botor jms nr`vca tjc nmbpcr to ma opca `a c`tjcr n`rcft`oa or stop mt may pos`t`oa w`tj`a tjc rmakc. pos`t`oa nur`ak tjc prc-purkc pcr`on. ^jc scfoan `atckrmd ^jc botor potcat`obctcr `s cdcftr`fmddy foaacftcn to m sw`tfj fdoscs, ms j`kj ﬍rc pos`t`oa `s mppromfjcn, to fobpdctc bmtfj`ak potcat`obctcr `a tjc bonudmt`ak foatrod. Fjmak`ak ma `atcramd f`rfu`t `a tjc prokrmbbcr to mddow foat`aumt`oa oh  stcmb prcssurc or wmtcr tcbpcrmturc mdtcrs tjc cdcftr`fmd tjc prokrmbb`ak fyfdc. rcs`stmafc oh tjc bonudmt`ak foatroddcr potcat`obctcr. ^jc fjmakc `a rcs`stmafc fobpcds ma `atckrmd emdmaf`ak rcdmy to stmrt, stop, or rcvcrsc tjc botor rotmt`oa. Uotmt`oa `a c`tjcr n`rcft`oa foat`aucs uat`d tjc rcs`stmafc rmt`o oh tjc two potcat`obctcrs `s cqumd. [jca tjc rcs`stmafc rmt`o `s cqumd, tjc botor stops `a m pos`t`oa tjmt mddows tjc propcr hucd man fobeust`oa m`r ſtow to bcct opcrmt`ak ncbmans. M hcmturc ncs`kacn `ato tjc f`rfu`try bm`atm`as tjc bonudmt`ak botor `a tjc dow-﬍rc pos`t`oa nur`ak `ka`t`oa man lccps `t tjcrc uat`d tjc bm`a ſtmbc `s cstmed`sjcn. M dow-﬍rc sw`tfj, `atckrmd to tjc botor, `s mftumtcn ey tjc rotmt`oa oh tjc ;37-0=

5-=;

 

Fjmptcr 5

Euracr Opcrmt`oa man Foatrod

Aotcs 

5-=:

;37-0=

 

                          

 

FJMW^CU 6 [M^CUV@NC FMUC MAN UC]S@UCBCA^V M. Kcacrmd Kcacrmd . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-= E. [mtcr [mtcr Ucqu`rcbcats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-= F. [mtcr [mtcr ^rc ^rcmtbcat mtbcat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-3 N. Fdcma`ak . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-3 C. Eo`d-out Oh M Acw Acw Sa`t . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-8 H. [msj`ak [msj`ak Out . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-; K. Edownowa Vtcmb Eo`dcr. Eo`dcr. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-; J. Wcr`on`f @aspcft`oa @aspcft`oa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-0 @. Wrcpmrmt`oa Hor Cxtcancn Dmy-up . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-=7

M. KCACUMD ^jc opcrmtor sjoudn ec hmb`d`mr w`tj Fjmptcr 6 echorc mttcbpt`ak to pdmfc tjc ua`t `ato opcrmt`oa. Mdtjoukj `t `s oh pr`bc `bportmafc, tjc sueicft oh wmtcr suppdy man trcmtbcat fmaaot mncqumtcdy ec fovcrcn `a tj`s bmaumd. Hor spcf`﬍f `ahorbmt`oa or mss`stmafc w`tj your wmtcr trcmtbcat rcqu`rcbcats, foatmft your Fdcmvcr-Erools scrv`fc man pmrts rcprcscatmt`vc. Hccnwmtcr cqu`pbcat sjoudn ec fjcflcn man rcmny hor usc. Ec surc tjmt mdd vmdvcs, p`p`ak, eo`dcr hccn pubps, man rcfc`vcrs mrc `astmddcn `a mffornmafc w`tj prcvm`d`ak foncs man prmft`fcs. [mtcr rcqu`rcbcats hor eotj stcmb man jot wmtcr eo`dcrs mrc csscat`md to eo`dcr d`hc man dcaktj oh scrv`fc. @t `s v`tmd fmrc ec tmlca `a pdmf`ak tjc prcssurc vcsscd `ato `a`t`md scrv`fc. ^jc wmtcrs`nc oh acw eo`dcrs man acw or rcboncdcn stcmb or jot wmtcr systcbs bmy foatm`a o`d, krcmsc or otjcr horc`ka bmttcr. bmttcr. M bctjon oh eo`d`ak out tjc vcsscd to rcbovc tjc mffubudmt`oas `s ncsfr`ecn dmtcr `a Fjmptcr 6. Eo`dcrs, ms m pmrt oh m jot wmtcr systcb, rcqu`rc propcr wmtcr f`rfudmt`oa. ^jc systcb bust ec opcrmtcn ms `atcancn ey `ts ncs`kacr `a orncr to mvo`n tjcrbmd sjofl or scvcrc, poss`edy nmbmk`ak, strcsscs hrob offurr`ak to tjc prcssurc vcsscd.

Aotc9 ^j`s bmaumd oady fovcrs eo`dcrs us`ak wmtcr. Kdyfod sodut`oas jmvc n`hhcrcat opcrmt`ak rcqu`rcbcats, f`rfudmt`oa rmtcs man tcbpcrmturcs, ctf.

E. [mtcr Ucqu`rcbcats =. JO^ [M^CU EO@DCU M`r Ucbovmd ^jc jot wmtcr outdct `afduncs m n`p tuec wj`fj cxtcans 5 to 6 `afjcs `ato tjc eo`dcr. ^jc n`p tuec rcnufcs tjc poss`e`d`ty oh  m`r, wj`fj bmy ec trmppcn mt tjc top oh tjc sjcdd, hrob catcr`ak `ato tjc systcb. Oxykca or m`r rcdcmscn `a tjc eo`dcr w`dd foddcft or ec trmppcn mt tjc top oh tjc eo`dcr sjcdd. ^jc m`r vcat tmpp`ak oa tjc top fcatcr d`ac oh tjc eo`dcr sjoudn ec p`pcn `ato tjc cxpmas`oa or fobprcss`oa tmal. M`r trmppcn mt tjc top oh tjc eo`dcr w`dd ﬍an `ts wmy out oh tjc eo`dcr tjroukj tjc tmpp`ak. B`a`bub [mtcr ^cbpcrmturc - ^jc b`a`bub rcfobbcancn eo`dcr wmtcr tcbpcrmturc `s =;7 ·H. [jca wmtcr tcbpcrmturcs dowcr tjma =;7 ·H mrc uscn, tjc fobeust`oa kmscs mrc rcnufcn `a tcbpcrmturc to m po`at wjcrc wmtcr vmpor foancascs, fmus`ak forros`oa `a tjc eo`dcr man poss`edc erccfj`ak. Foancasmt`oa `s borc scvcrc oa m ua`t tjmt opcrmtcs `atcrb`ttcatdy man wj`fj `s krcmtdy ovcrs`zcn hor tjc mftumd domn. Foancasmt`oa fma ec b`a`b`zcn ey bm`atm`a`ak eo`dcr wmtcr tcbpcrmturcs meovc =;7·H. M tcbpcrmturc oh =;7·H `s mdso rcfobbcancn `a orncr to prov`nc m suh﬍f`cat —tcbpcrmturc —tcbpcrmturc jcmn‒ wjca Ao. 8 hucd o`d `s to ec jcmtcn to tjc propcr mtob`z`ak tcbpcrmturc ey tjc eo`dcr wmtcr `a m smhcty-typc o`d prcjcmtcr. prcjcmtcr. (^jc cdcftr`f prcjcmtcr oa tjc eo`dcr bust prov`nc mnn`t`oamd jcmt to tjc o`d `h eo`dcr wmtcr tcbpcrmturc `s aot bm`atm`acn meovc 577·H.)

;37-0=

6-=

                                      

 

Fjmptcr 6

[M^CUV@NC FMUC MAN UC]S@UCBCA^V

Aotc9 @h tjc opcrmt`ak wmtcr tcbpcrmturc ko`ak to tjc systcb bust ec dowcr tjma =;7 H, tjc opcrmt`ak eo`dcr wmtcr tcbpcrmturc sjoudn ec m b`a`bub oh =;7 H (577 H `h uscn to prcjcmt Ao. 8 o`d) man b`x`ak vmdvcs sjoudn ec uscn to mvo`n nmbmkc to tjc cqu`pbcat. · 

· 

· 

Ump`n Ucpdmfcbcat oh Eo`dcr [mtcr - ^jc systcb dmyout man foatrods sjoudn ec mrrmakcn to prcvcat tjc poss`e`d`ty oh  pubp`ak dmrkc qumat`t`cs oh fodn wmtcr `ato m jot eo`dcr, wj`fj w`dd fmusc sjofl or tjcrbmd strcsscs. [mtcr tcbpcrmturc `a m eo`dcr oh 577 · H or 5>7 · H fmaaot ec fobpdctcdy rcpdmfcn w`tj :7·H wmtcr `a m hcw b`autcs t`bc w`tjout fmus`ak tjcrbmd strcss. ^jc smbc hmft mppd`cs to pcr`ons oh aorbmd opcrmt`oa, ms wcdd w cdd ms nur`ak `a`t`md stmrt-up.

Aotc9 ^jc f`rfudmt`ak pubps sjoudn ec `atcrdoflcn w`tj tjc euracr so tjmt tjc euracr fmaaot opcrmtc uadcss tjc f`rfudmt`ak pubp `s ruaa`ak `a orncr to mvo`n nmbmkc to tjc cqu`pbcat. [jca `an`v`numd zoac f`rfudmt`ak pubps mrc uscn, `t `s rcfobbcancn tjmt tjcy ec lcpt ruaa`ak-cvca tjoukj tjc jcmt uscrs no aot rcqu`rc jot wmtcr. ^jc rcd`ch ncv`fc or ey-pmss vmdvc w`dd tjus mddow foat`auous f`rfudmt`oa tjroukj tjc eo`dcr man fma jcdp prcvcat rmp`n rcpdmfcbcat oh eo`dcr wmtcr w`tj fodn zoac wmtcr. Foat`auous Hdow ^jroukj tjc Eo`dcr - ^jc systcb sjoudn ec p`pcn man tjc foatrods mrrmakcn to mddow wmtcr f`rfudmt`oa tjroukj tjc eo`dcr uancr mdd opcrmt`ak foan`t`oas. ^jc opcrmt`oa oh tjrcc-wmy vmdvcs man systcb foatrods sjoudn ec fjcflcn to ec surc tjmt tjc eo`dcr w`dd aot ec ey-pmsscn. Foastmat f`rfudmt`oa tjroukj tjc eo`dcr cd`b`amtcs tjc poss`e`d`ty oh strmt`﬍fmt`oa w`tj`a tjc ua`t man rcsudts `a borc cvca wmtcr tcbpcrmturcs to tjc systcb. M rudc oh tjube oh 6/> to = kpb pcr eo`dcr jorscpowcr fma ec uscn to nctcrb`ac tjc b`a`bub foat`auous ſtow rmtc tjroukj tjc eo`dcr uancr mdd opcrmt`ak foan`t`oas. ^jc opcrmtor sjoudn nctcrb`ac tjmt m ſtow oh wmtcr cx`sts tjroukj tjc eo`dcr echorc `a`t`md ﬍r`ak or rc﬍r`ak mhtcr eo`dcr jms ecca nrm`acn.

[mtcr F`rfudmt`oa ^jc fjmrt `a H`kurc 6-= sjows tjc bmx`bub kpb f`rfudmt`oa rmtc oh eo`dcr wmtcr `a rcdmt`oa to hudd eo`dcr output man systcb tcbpcrmturc nrop. Budt`pdc Eo`dcr @astmddmt`oas - [jca budt`pdc eo`dcrs mrc uscn, fmrc bust ec tmlca to casurc mncqumtc or proport`oamd ſtow tjroukj tjc eo`dcrs. Wroport`oamd ſtow fma ecst ec mffobpd`sjcn ey usc oh emdmaf`ak vmdvcs man kmukcs `a tjc suppdy d`ac hrob cmfj eo`dcr. @h emdmaf`ak vmdvcs or or`﬍fc pdmtcs mrc uscn, m s`ka`﬍fmat prcssurc nrop (c.k., 6-3 ps`) bust ec tmlca mfross tjc emdmaf`ak ncv`fc to mffobpd`sj tjc purposc.

6-5

@h fmrc `s aot tmlca to casurc mncqumtc or proport`oamd ſtow tjroukj tjc eo`dcrs, w`nc vmr`mt`oas `a ﬍r`ak rmtcs ectwcca tjc eo`dcrs fma rcsudt. @a cxtrcbc fmscs, oac eo`dcr bmy ec `a tjc j`kj-﬍rc pos`t`oa wj`dc tjc otjcr eo`dcr or eo`dcrs bmy ec mt dow ﬍rc. ^jc act rcsudt woudn ec tjmt tjc fobboa jcmncr wmtcr tcbpcrmturc to tjc systcb woudn aot ec up to tjc ncs`rcn po`at. Wubp Dofmt`oa - @t `s rcfobbcancn tjmt tjc systcb f`rfudmt`ak pubps tmlc suft`oa hrob tjc outdct foaacft`oa oa tjc eo`dcr, man tjmt tjcy n`sfjmrkc to tjc systcb domn. @a orncr to put tjc eo`dcr man tjc cxpmas`oa tmal oa tjc suft`oa s`nc oh  tjc pubp. ^jc suft`oa s`nc `s prchcrrcn ecfmusc `t ncfrcmscs m`r catry `ato tjc systcb man nocs aot `bposc tjc systcb jcmn oa tjc eo`dcr. @t `s fobboa prmft`fc to `astmdd m stmaney systcb f`rfudmt`ak pubp. ^jc bm`a f`rfudmt`ak pubps mrc usumddy dofmtcn mnimfcat to tjc eo`dcrs `a tjc eo`dcr roob. Wubp Opcrmt`oa - Wubps mrc aorbmddy stmrtcn man stoppcn ey bmaumd sw`tfjcs. @t `s mdso ncs`rmedc to `atcrdofl tjc pubp w`tj tjc euracr so tjmt tjc euracr fmaaot opcrmtc uadcss tjc f`rfudmt`ak pubp `s ruaa`ak.

Wrcssurc ^jc ncs`ka oh tjc systcb man usmkc rcqu`rcbcats ohtca n`ftmtc tjc prcssurc cxcrtcn upoa tjc eo`dcr. Vobc systcbs mrc prcssur`zcn w`tj m`r, or w`tj ma `acrt kms sufj ms a`trokca. Fmut`oa bust ec cxcrf`scn to casurc tjmt tjc propcr rcdmt`oasj`p oh prcssurc-to-tcbpcrmturc cx`sts w`tj`a tjc eo`dcr so tjmt mdd oh tjc eo`dcr‐s `atcramd surhmfcs mrc huddy wcttcn mt mdd t`bcs. Hor tj`s rcmsoa, tjc `atcramd eo`dcr prcssurc, ms `an`fmtcn oa tjc wmtcr prcssurc kmukc, bust ec jcdn to tjc dcvcd sjowa `a H`kurc 6-6. [jca `a`t`mddy ﬍r`ak m acwdy `astmddcn eo`dcr, or wjca futt`ak ma cx`st`ak eo`dcr `ato ma opcrmt`ak systcb, tjc eo`dcr or eo`dcrs to ec fut `ato opcrmt`oa BSV^ ec prcssur`zcn cqumd to tjc systcb man/or otjcr eo`dcrs pr`or to opca`ak tjc jcmncr vmdvcs. @t `s mnv`smedc to jmvc m tjcrbobctcr `astmddcn `a tjc rctura d`ac to `an`fmtc rctura wmtcr tcbpcrmturc. Laow`ak tjc suppdy wmtcr tcbpcrmturc, tjc eo`dcr systcb n`hhcrcat`md fma ec cstmed`sjcn. [`tj laowdcnkc oh tjc pubp`ak rmtc, tjc opcrmtor fma cms`dy nctcft may cxfcss`vc domn foan`t`oa man tmlc mppropr`mtc forrcft`vc mft`oa. Vpcf`md fmut`oa bust ec tmlca to kumrn mkm`ast may foan`t`oa, or fobe`amt`oa oh foan`t`oas, tjmt b`kjt dcmn to tjc trmashcr oh fodn wmtcr to m jot eo`dcr or jot wmtcr to m fodn eo`dcr. @t fmaaot ec ovcrovcr-cbpjms`zcn cbpjms`zcn tjmt rmp`n fjmakcs `a tcbpcrmturc w`tj`a tjc eo`dcr fma, man sobct`bcs no, fmusc nmbmkc.

;37-0=

      

 

[M^CUV@NC FMUC MAN UC]S@UCBCA^V

EO@DCU V@YC (EJW)

EO@DCU OS^WS^ (=777) E^S/JU

Fjmptcr 6

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H`kurc9 6-= Bmx`bub F`rfudmt`ak Umtc

;37-0=

6-6

      

 

Fjmptcr 6

[M^CUV@NC FMUC MAN UC]S@UCBCA^V

^PW@FMD DO[ [M^CU FS^-OHH MAN WSBW FOA^UOD M. AOUBMD DCXCD OH [M [M^CU9 ^CU9 HCCN WSBW ^SUAV OHH M^ ^J@V WO@A^. H@DD WUCVVSUC XCVVCD @A@^@MDDP ^O ^J@V JC@KJ^. E. WSBW ^SUAV OA [JCA [M^CU [M^CU DCXCD UCMFJCV E. N@V^MAFC M-E @V MWWUOZ@BM^CDP6/> @AFJ. F. DO[ [M^CU FS^-OHH WO@A^ ESUACU [@DD VJS^ OHH @H [M^CU DCXCD DO[CUV ^O ^J@V W\O@A^.

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H`kurc9 6-5 Dow [mtcr [mtcr Fut Ohh V`kjt Kmukc

H`kurc9 6-6 @atcramd Eo`dcr Wrcssurc 6->

;37-0=

         

 

        

[M^CUV@NC FMUC MAN UC]S@UCBCA^V

5. V^CMB EO@DCU Hccn Wubp Opcrmt`oa ECHOUC tura`ak oa tjc pubp botor ec fcrtm`a tjmt mdd vmdvcs `a tjc wmtcr hccn d`ac mrc opca to prcvcat poss`ed poss`edcc nmbmkc to tjc hccn pubp bcfjma`sb. Mhtcr opca`ak tjc vmdvcs, bobcatmr`dy cacrk`zc tjc hccn pubp botor to cstmed`sj forrcft pubp rotmt`oa. [`tj tjc forrcft rotmt`oa cstmed`sjcn, fdosc tjc eo`dcr hccn pubp catrmafc sw`tfj. ^jc pubp sjoudn sjut nowa wjca tjc wmtcr dcvcd rcmfjcs tjc propcr dcvcd sjowa `a H`kurc 6-5. Hccnwmtcr pubps bust jmvc mncqumtc fmpmf`ty to bm`atm`a rcqu`rcn wmtcr dcvcd uancr mdd opcrmt`ak foan`t`oas. Fjcfl tjc hccnwmtcr pubps pcr`on`fmddy man bm`atm`a ms acfcssmry to prcvcat uacxpcftcn ercmlnowas.

Aotc9 Wr`or to opcrmt`ak tjc pubp, fmrchuddy fjcfl tjc md`kabcat oh tjc ſtcx`edc foupd`ak, `h oac `s uscn. M propcrdy md`kacn foupd`ak w`dd dmst m doak t`bc man prov`nc trouedc-hrcc bcfjma`fmd opcrmt`oa. [mtcr Hccncr (opt`oamd) Opcrmt`oa [mtcr hccncr opcrmt`oa `s usumddy mppd`fmedc to eo`dcrs opcrmt`ak mt =3 ps` stcmb or dcss. @t `s oady acfcssmry to opca tjc wmtcr suppdy d`ac vmdvc man tjc wmtcr hccncr n`sfjmrkc vmdvc.

Aotc9 @a tjc cvcat tjmt wmtcr foduba `sodmt`oa vmdvcs mrc prov`ncn or `astmddcn, `t bust ec cstmed`sjcn tjmt tjc vmdvcs mrc opca man scmtcn or doflcn `a tjc opca pos`t`oa. @h tjc vmdvcs mrc `astmddcn, `t `s `ddckmd to opcrmtc tjc eo`dcr w`tj fdoscn or uascmdcn opca vmdvcs.

! [MUA@AK NMAKCU ^jc `sodmt`oa vmdvcs man tjc wmtcr foduba p`p`ak bust ec doflcn opca nur`ak opcrmt`oa. Hm`durc to no so bmy rcsudt `a m dow wmtcr foan`t`oa. Hm`durc to hoddow tjcsc `astruft`oas foudn rcsudt `a scr`ous pcrsoamd `aiury or ncmtj

F. [M^CU [M^CU ^UCM^BCA^ Wropcrdy trcmtcn eo`dcr hccn wmtcr, foupdcn w`tj koon cak`accr`ak man opcrmt`ak prmft`fcs, dcmn to bmx`bub chhcft`vcacss chhcft` vcacss man doak trouedc-hrcc d`hc oh prcssurc vcsscds, mt tjc dowcst opcrmt`ak fost. Foatmft your dofmd Fdcmvcr-Erools Fdcmvcr-Erools mutjor`zcn rcprcscatmt`vc hor `ahorbmt`oa oa jow to prcvcat tjc prcscafc oh uawmatcn sod`ns man forros`vc kmscs.

;37-0=

Fjmptcr 6 Oeicft`vcs oh wmtcr trcmtbcat `a kcacrmd mrc9 (=) Wrcvcat jmrn sfmdc ncpos`ts or soht sdunkc ncpos`ts, wj`fj rcnufc jcmt trmashcr man fma dcmn to ovcrjcmtcn bctmd man fostdy nowat`bc man rcpm`rs. (5) Cd`b`amtc forros`vc kmscs `a tjc suppdy or eo`dcr wmtcr. (6) Wrcvcat `atcrfrystmdd`ac frmfl`ak or fmust`f cber`ttdcbcat oh eo`dcr bctmd. (>) Wrcvcat fmrryovcr man homb`ak. Mffobpd`sjbcat oh tjc meovc oeicft`vcs kcacrmddy rcqu`rcs propcr hccnwmtcr trcmtbcat echorc man mhtcr `atronuft`oa oh  tjc wmtcr `ato tjc eo`dcr. ^jc scdcft`oa oh prc-trcmtbcat profcsscs ncpcans upoa tjc wmtcr sourfc, `ts fjcb`fmd fjmrmftcr`st`fs, mbouat oh bmlcup wmtcr accncn, pdmat opcrmt`ak prmft`fcs, ctf. ^rcmt`ak bctjons `afdunc ﬍dtcr`ak, sohtca`ak, nc-b`acrmd`z`ak, ncmcrmt`ak, man prcjcmt`ak. Mhtcrtrcmtbcat `avodvcs fjcb`fmd trcmtbcat oh tjc eo`dcr wmtcr. Ecfmusc oh tjc vmr`medcs `a `avodvcn, vodvcn, ao s`akdc eo`dcr fobpouan fma ec foas`ncrcn m —furc-mdd‒ aor `s `t mnv`smedc to cxpcr`bcat w`tj jobcbmnc trcmt`ak bctjons. Vouan rcfobbcanmt`oas man tjc`r cbpdoybcat sjoudn ec mukbcatcn ey m pcr`on`f mamdys`s oh tjc hccnwmtcr, eo`dcr wmtcr, man foancasmtc. ^jc `atcramd or wmtcrs`nc surhmfcs oh tjc prcssurc vcsscd sjoudn ec `aspcftcn w`tj caoukj hrcqucafy to nctcrb`ac tjc prcscafc oh may foatmb`amt`oa, mffubudmt`oas oh horc`ka bmttcr, or forros`oa, man/or p`tt`ak. @h may oh tjc foan`t`oas mrc nctcftcn, foatmft your dofmd Fdcmvcr-Erools mutjor`zcn rcprcscatmt`vc rcprcscatmt` vc hor mnv`fc oa forrcft`v forrcft`vcc mft`oa. M propcrdy s`zcn wmtcr bctcr sjoudn ec `astmddcn `a tjc rmw wmtcr bmlc-up d`ac `a orncr to mffurmtcdy nctcrb`ac tjc mbouat oh rmw wmtcr mnb`ttcn to tjc eo`dcr (stcmb or jot wmtcr) man to m`n `a bm`atm`a`ak propcr wmtcrs`nc foan`t`oas.

N. FDCMA@AK =. JO^ [M [M^CU MA MAN N V^CMB W@W@AK Vtcmb man wmtcr p`p`ak systcbs foaacftcn to tjc eo`dcr bmy foatm`a o`d, krcmsc, or horc`ka bmttcr. bmttcr. ^jc `bpur`t`cs bust ec rcbovcn `a orncr to prcvcat nmbmkc to prcssurc vcsscd jcmt`ak surhmfcs. Oa m stcmb systcb, tjc foancasmtc sjoudn ec wmstcn uat`d tcsts sjow tjc cd`b`amt`oa oh uancs`rmedc `bpur`t`cs. Nur`ak tjc pcr`on tjmt foancasmtc `s wmstcn, mttcat`oa bust ec k`vca to tjc trcmtbcat oh tjc rmw wmtcr uscn ms bmlc-up so tjmt ma mffubudmt`oa oh uawmatcn bmtcr`mds or forros`oa nocs aot offur. Hor borc `ahorbmt`oa, foatmft your dofmd Fdcmvcr-Erools mutjor`zcn rcprcscatmt`vc. rcprcscatmt`vc. Oa m jot wmtcr systcb, fjcb`fmd fdcma`ak `s kcacrmddy acfcssmry man tjc cat`rc systcb sjoudn ec nrm`acn mhtcr trcmtbcat. Foasudt your dofmd Fdcmvcr-Erools Fdcmvcr-Erools mutjor`zcn rcprcscatmt`vc rcprcscatmt` vc hor rcfobbcanmt`oas, rcfobbcanmt`oas, fdcma`ak fobpouans, man mppd`fmt`oa profcnurcs. 6-3

             

 

Fjmptcr 6

[M^CUV@NC FMUC MAN UC]S@UCBCA^V

5. WUCVVSUC XCVVCD ^jc wmtcrs`nc oh tjc prcssurc vcsscd bust ec lcpt fdcma hrob krcmsc, sdunkc, man horc`ka bmtcr`md. Vufj ncpos`ts, `h prcscat, w`dd sjortca tjc d`hc oh tjc prcssurc vcsscd, w`dd `atcrhcrc w`tj ch﬍f`cat opcrmt`oa man huaft`oa`ak oh foatrod oh smhcty ncv`fcs, man qu`tc poss`edy fmusc uaacfcssmry man cxpcas`vc rc-worl, rcpm`rs, man nowa-t`bc. ^jc `astmddmt`oa man opcrmt`ak foan`t`oas tjmt tjc eo`dcr w`dd ec sueicftcn to sjoudn ec foas`ncrcn man fdcma`ak oh tjc wmtcrs`nc oh tjc prcssurc vcsscd sjoudn ec prov`ncn nur`ak tjc foursc oh `a`t`md stmrt-up. ^jc prcssurc vcsscd man tjc stcmb man rctura d`acs or jot wmtcr p`p`ak rcprcscat, `a chhcft, m fdoscn systcb. Mdtjoukj tjc stcmb man rctura (foancasmtc) d`acs or tjc jot wmtcr p`p`ak systcb bmy jmvc ecca prcv`ousdy fdcmacn, `t `s poss`edc tjmt9 (=) Fdcma`ak jms ecca `amncqumtc. (5) Wmrt`md or totmd odn systcb `s `avodvcn. (6) Foan`t`oas bmy prcvcat mncqumtc fdcma`ak oh p`p`ak. ^jc prcssurc vcsscd wmtcrs`nc sjoudn ec `aspcftcn oa m pcr`on`f Ma ms `aspcft`oa w`dd rcvcmd truc `an`fmtcn `atcramd foan`t`oasems`s. man scrvc m fjcfl mkm`ast foan`t`oas ey fjcb`fmd mamdys`s oh tjc eo`dcr wmtcr. wmtcr. @aspcft`oa sjoudn ec bmnc tjrcc boatjs mhtcr `a`t`md stmrt`ak man mt rckudmr 8-, 0-, or =5-boatj `atcrvmds tjcrcmhtcr. ^jc hrcqucafy oh hurtjcr pcr`on`f `aspcft`oas w`dd ncpcan upoa tjc `atcramd foan`t`oas houan. @h may uawmatcn foan`t`oas mrc oescrvcn, foatmft your dofmd Fdcmvcr-Erools mutjor`zcn rcprcscatmt`vc hor rcfobbcanmt`oas. May sdunkc, bun or scn`bcat houan w`dd accn to ec ſtusjcn out. @h cxfcss`vc bun oh sdunkc `s aot`fcn nur`ak tjc edownowa tjc sfjcnud`ak or hrcqucafy oh edownowa bmy accn to ec rcv`scn. ^jc accn hor pcr`on`f nrm`a`ak or wmsjout w`dd mdso ec `an`fmtcn. May o`d or krcmsc prcscat oa tjc jcmt`ak surhmfcs sjoudn ec rcbovcn probptdy ey m eo`d-out w`tj ma mdlmd`ac nctcrkcat sodut`oa.

Aotc9 ^cbpcrmturc oh `a`t`md ﬍dd oh wmtcr hor jynrostmt`f tcsts, eo`d-out, or hor aorbmd opcrmt`oa sjoudn ec ms stmtcn `a tjc MVBC Eo`dcr Fonc.

C. EO@D-OS^ OH M AC[ SA@^ ^jc `atcramd surhmfcs oh m acwdy `astmddcn eo`dcr bmy jmvc o`d, krcmsc or otjcr protcft`vc fomt`aks uscn `a bmauhmftur`ak. Vufj fomt`aks bust ec rcbovcn ecfmusc tjcy dowcr tjc jcmt trmashcr rmtc man foudn fmusc ovcr-jcmt`ak oh m tuec. Echorc eo`d`ak out profcnurcs bmy eck`a, tjc euracr sjoudn ec rcmny hor ﬍r`ak. ^jc opcrmtor bust ec hmb`d`mr w`tj tjc profcnurc outd`acn uancr euracr opcrmt`oa. 6-8

! [MUA@AK NMAKCU Ssc oh m su`tmedc hmfc bmsl, kokkdcs, rueecr kdovcs, man protcft`vc kmrbcats `s stroakdy rcfobbcancn wjca jmand`ak or b`x`ak fmust`f fjcb`fmds. No aot pcrb`t tjc nry bmtcr`md or tjc foafcatrmtcn sodut`oa to fobc `a foatmft w`tj sl`a or fdotj`ak. Hm`durc to hoddow tjcsc `astruft`oas foudn rcsudt `a scr`ous pcrsoamd `aiury or ncmtj Pour dofmd Fdcmvcr-Erools mutjor`zcn rcprcscatmt`vc w`dd ec medc to rcfobbcan m fdcma`ak or eo`d-out profcnurc. @a tjc cvcat sufj scrv`fc `s uamvm`dmedc or `s yct uasfjcnudcn, tjc hoddow`ak `ahorbmt`oa bmy ec oh mss`stmafc. ^jcrc mrc scvcrmd fjcb`fmds su`tmedc hor eo`d-out. Oac fobe`amt`oa ohtca uscn `s sonm msj (son`ub fmreoamtc) man fmust`f sonm (son`ub jynrox`nc) mt tjc rmtc oh 6 to 3 pouans cmfj pcr =,777 pouans oh wmtcr, mdoak w`tj m sbmdd mbouat oh  dmuanry nctcrkcat mnncn ms m wctt`ak mkcat `s . ^jc sukkcstcn kcacrmd profcnurc hor fdcma`ak m eo`dcr `s ms hoddows9 (=) Uchcr to H`kurc 6-> to nctcrb`ac wmtcr fmpmf`ty. Jmvc suh﬍f`cat fdcma`ak bmtcr`md oa jman to fobpdctc tjc ioe. (5) [jca n`ssodv`ak fjcb`fmds, tjc hoddow`ak profcnurc `s sukkcstcn. [mrb wmtcr sjoudn ec put `ato m su`tmedc foatm`acr. Vdowdy `atronufc tjc nry fjcb`fmd `ato tjc wmtcr, st`rr`ak `t mt mdd t`bcs uat`d tjc fjcb`fmd `s fobpdctcdy n`ssodvcn. Mnn tjc fjcb`fmd sdowdy man `a sbmdd mbouats to prcvcat cxfcss`vc jcmt man tureudcafc.

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;37-0=

                      

 

[M^CUV@NC FMUC MAN UC]S@UCBCA^V (6) Ma ovcr-ſtow p`pc sjoudn ec mttmfjcn to oac oh tjc top eo`dcr opca`aks man routcn to m smhc po`at oh n`sfjmrkc. M rcd`ch or smhcty vmdvc tmpp`ak `s usumddy uscn. (>) [mtcr rcd`ch vmdvcs man stcmb smhcty vmdvcs bust ec rcbovcn echorc mnn`ak tjc eo`d-out sodut`oa so tjmt ac`tjcr `t aor tjc krcmsc wj`fj `t bmy fmrry w`dd foatmb`amtc tjc vmdvcs. Ssc fmrc `a rcbov`ak man rc`astmdd`ak tjc vmdvcs. vmdvcs. Uchcr to Fjmptcr :, Vcft`oa B hor vmdvc `astmddmt`oa `astruft`oas. (3) Mdd vmdvcs `a tjc p`p`ak dcmn`ak to or hrob tjc systcb bust ec fdoscn to prcvcat tjc fdcma`ak sodut`oa hrob kctt`ak `ato tjc systcb. (8) H`dd tjc prcssurc vcsscd w`tj fdcma wmtcr uat`d tjc top oh tjc tuecs mrc fovcrcn. Mnn tjc fdcma`ak sodut`oa man tjca ﬍dd to tjc top. ^jc tcbpcrmturc oh tjc wmtcr uscn `a tjc `a`t`md ﬍dd sjoudn ec mt mbe`cat tcbpcrmturc. (;) ^jc eo`dcr sjoudn tjca ec ﬍rcn `atcrb`ttcatdy mt m dow rmtc suh﬍f`cat to jodn sodut`oa iust mt tjc eo`d`ak po`at. Eo`d tjc wmtcr hor mt dcmst ﬍vc jours. No aot pronufc stcmb prcssurc. (:) Mddow Mddow m sbmdd mbouat oh hrcsj wmtcr to catcr tjc eo`dcr to frcmtc m sd`kjt ovcrſtow tjmt w`dd fmrry ohh surhmfc `bpur`t`cs. (0) Foat`auc tjc eo`d man ovcrſtow profcss uat`d tjc wmtcr fdcmrs. Vjut tjc euracr nowa. (=7) Dct tjc eo`dcr food to =57·H or dcss.

! [MUA@AK NMAKCU Ec surc to nrm`a tjc jot wmtcr w mtcr to m smhc po`at oh n`sfjmrkc to mvo`n sfmdn`ak.Hm`durc to hoddow tjcsc `astruft`oas foudn rcsudt `a scr`ous pcrsoamd `aiury or ncmtj (==) Ucbovc jmanjodc pdmtcs man wmsj tjc wmtcrs`nc surhmfcs tjoroukjdy us`ak m j`kj prcssurc wmtcr strcmb. (=5) @aspcft tjc surhmfcs. @h tjcy mrc aot fdcma, rcpcmt tjc eo`d out. (=6) Mhtcr fdos`ak tjc jmanjodcs man rc`astmdd`ak tjc smhcty or rcd`ch vmdvcs, ﬍dd tjc eo`dcr man ﬍rc `t uat`d tjc wmtcr `s jcmtcn to mt dcmst =:7·H to nr`vc ohh may n`ssodvcn kmscs, wj`fj b`kjt otjcrw`sc forronc tjc bctmd. ^jc meovc profcnurc bmy ec ob`ttcn `a tjc fmsc oh m ua`t prcv`ousdy uscn or laowa to ec `atcramddy fdcma. Jowcvcr, foas`ncrmt`oa bust ec k`vca to tjc poss`e`d`ty oh  foatmb`amt`ak bmtcr`mds catcr`ak tjc eo`dcr hrob tjc systcb. Oa m stcmb systcb, tjc foancasmtc sjoudn ec wmstcn uat`d tcsts sjow tjc cd`b`amt`oa oh uancs`rmedc `bpur`t`cs. Nur`ak tjc pcr`on tjmt foancasmtc `s wmstcn, ec surc bmlc-up wmtcr `s trcmtcn to prcvcat ma mffubudmt`oa oh uawmatcn bmtcr`mds or forros`oa. Oa m jot wmtcr systcb, fjcb`fmd fdcma`ak `s kcacrmddy acfcssmry man tjc cat`rc systcb sjoudn ec nrm`acn mhtcr ;37-0=

Fjmptcr 6 trcmtbcat. Foasudt your dofmd Fdcmvcr-Erools Fdcmvcr-Erools mutjor`zcn rcprcscatmt`vc rcprcscatmt` vc hor rcfobbcanmt`oas, rcfobbcanmt`oas, fdcma`ak fobpouans, man mppd`fmt`oa profcnurcs.

H. [MVJ@ [MVJ@AK AK OS^ =. JO^ [M^CU EO@DCU @a tjcory,﬍ddcn m jotw`tj wmtcr systcb jms ecca fdcmacn, rmw wmtcrman (maneo`dcr wmtcrtjmt trcmtcn), man `a`t`mddy w`tj ao bmlc-up wmtcr mnncn, w`dd rcqu`rc ao hurtjcr fdcma`ak or trcmtbcat. Jowcvcr, Jowcvcr, s`afc tjc systcb (acw or odn) fma mddow catrmafc oh m`r man uaaot`fcn or uanctcftcn dcmlmkc oh wmtcr, `atronuft`oas oh rmw wmtcr bmlc-up or m`r bmy dcmn to p`tt`ak, forros`oa man horbmt`oa oh sdunkc, scn`bcat, sfmdc, ctf., oa tjc prcssurc vcsscd wmtcrs`nc. @h tjc opcrmtor `s mesodutcdy fcrtm`a tjmt tjc systcb `s t`kjt, tjca ma maaumd wmtcrs`nc `aspcft`oa bmy ec suh﬍f`cat. Jowcvcr,, `h tjcrc `s may nouet, tjc prcssurc vcsscd wmtcrs`nc Jowcvcr sjoudn ec `aspcftcn ao dmtcr tjma tjrcc boatjs mhtcr `a`t`mddy pdmf`ak tjc eo`dcr `ato opcrmt`oa, man pcr`on`fmddy tjcrcmhtcr ms `an`fmtcn ey foan`t`oas oescrvcn nur`ak `aspcft`oas.

5. V^CMB EO@DCU Ao dmtcr tjma tjrcc boatjs mhtcr `a`t`mddy pdmf`ak tjc eo`dcr `ato opcrmt`oa man stmrt`ak scrv`fc, man tjcrcmhtcr ms foan`t`oas wmrrmat, tjc prcssurc vcsscd sjoudn ec nrm`acn mhtcr ec`ak propcrdy foodcn to acmr mbe`cat tcbpcrmturc. Jmanjodc fovcrs sjoudn ec rcbovcn man wmtcrs`nc surhmfcs sjoudn ec `aspcftcn hor forros`oa, p`tt`ak, or horbmt`oa oh  ncpos`ts.

Hdusj`ak oh Wrcssurc W rcssurc X Xcsscd csscd @atcr`or Spoa fobpdct`oa oh tjc `aspcft`oa, tjc prcssurc vcsscd `atcr`or sjoudn ec ſtusjcn out, ms rcqu`rcn, w`tj m j`kj prcssurc josc. @h ncpos`ts mrc aot huddy rcbovcn ey ſtusj`ak, m foasudtmt`oa bmy ec rcqu`rcn w`tj your dofmd Fdcmvcr-Ero Fdcmvcr-Erools ols mutjor`zcn rcprcscatmt`vc. @a cxtrcbc fmscs, `t bmy ec acfcssmry to rcsort to mf`n fdcma`ak. Wrohcss`oamd mnv`fc `s rcfobbcancn `h mf`n fdcma`ak `s rcqu`rcn. ^jc `aspcft`oas w`dd `an`fmtc tjc chhcft`vcacss oh tjc hccnwmtcr trcmtbcat. ^jc chhcft`vcacss chhcft`vcacss oh trcmtbcat, tjc wmtcr foan`t`oas, man tjc mbouat oh hrcsj wmtcr bmlc-up rcqu`rcn mrc mdd hmftors to ec foas`ncrcn `a cstmed`sj`ak hrcqucafy oh  huturc prcssurc vcsscd wmsjouts. Foatmft your dofmd Fdcmvcrerools mutjor`zcn rcprcscatmt`vc hor borc `ahorbmt`oa.

K. EDO[NO[A V^CMB EO@DCU Eo`dcr wmtcr edownowa `s tjc rcbovmd oh sobc oh tjc foafcatrmtcn wmtcr hrob tjc prcssurc vcsscd man `ts rcpdmfcbcat hccnwmtcr so tjmt tjcoffurs. dowcr`ak oh tjc foafcatrmt`oa w`tj oh sod`ns `a tjc eo`dcr wmtcr Vod`ns mrc eroukjt `a ey tjc hccnwmtcr cvca tjoukj tjc wmtcr `s trcmtcn pr`or to usc tjroukj cxtcramd profcsscs tjmt mrc 6-;

              

 

Fjmptcr 6 ncs`kacn to rcbovc uawmatcn suestmafcs wj`fj foatr`eutc to sfmdc man ncpos`t horbmt`oas. Jowcvcr, aoac oh tjc profcsscs fma rcbovc mdd suestmafcs. Uckmrndcss oh tjc`r j`kj ch﬍f`cafy ch﬍f`cafy,, sobc sod`ns w`dd ec prcscat `a tjc eo`dcr hccnwmtcr. Vod`ns ecfobc dcss soduedc `a tjc j`kj tcbpcrmturc oh tjc eo`dcr wmtcr man tcan to mffubudmtc oa jcmt`ak surhmfcs. ^jcrchorc edownowa man `atcramd fjcb`fmd trcmtbcat mrc rcqu`rcn to prcvcat tjc sod`ns hrob horb`ak jmrbhud sfmdc man sdunkc. Vfmdc jms m dow jcmt trmashcr vmduc man mfts ms ma `asudmt`oa emrr`cr. Vfmdc rctmrns jcmt trmashcr, wj`fj aot oady rcsudts `a dowcr opcrmt`ak ch﬍f`cafy, man foascqucatdy j`kjcr hucd foasubpt`oa, eut borc `bportmatdy, fma fmusc ovcrjcmt`ak oh  eo`dcr bctmd. Ovcr jcmt`ak oh eo`dcr bctmd fma rcsudt `a tuec hm`durcs or otjcr prcssurc vcsscd bctmd nmbmkc man dcmn to eo`dcr nowa-t`bc man fostdy rcpm`rs. Vfmdc `s fmuscn pr`bmr`dy ey fmdf`ub man bmkacs`ub smdts, s`d`fm man o`d. May fmdf`ub man bmkacs`ub smdts `a tjc eo`dcr wmtcr mrc kcacrmddy prcf`p`tmtcn ey tjc usc oh son`ub pjospjmtc, mdoak w`tj orkma`f bmtcr`mds, to bm`atm`a tjc prcf`p`tmtcs or —sdunkc‒ `a m ſtu`n horb. ^jc sod`ns sufj ms son`ub smdts man suspcancn n`rt no aot rcmn`dy horb sfmdc. Eut ms tjc eo`dcr wmtcr eo`ds ohh ms rcdmt`vcdy purc stcmb, tjc rcbm`a`ak wmtcr `s tj`flcacn w`tj tjc sod`ns. @h tjc foafcatrmt`oa `s pcrb`ttcn to mffubudmtc, homb`ak man pr`b`ak w`dd offur man tjc sdunkc fma fmusc jmrbhud ncpos`ts tjmt er`ak meout ovcrjcmt`ak oh tjc bctmd. ^jc dowcr`ak or rcbovmd oh tjc foafcatrmt`oa rcqu`rcs tjc usc oh eo`dcr wmtcr edownowa.

=. ^PWCV O OH H EDO[NO[A ^jcrc mrc two pr`af`pmd typcs oh edownowa9 `atcrb`ttcat bmaumd edownowa, man foat`auous edownowa.

@atcrb`ttcat Bmaumd Edownowa Bmaumd or sdunkc edownowa `s acfcssmry hor tjc opcrmt`oa oh  tjc eo`dcr rckmrndcss oh wjctjcr or aot foat`auous edownowa `s cbpdoycn. ^jc edownowa tmpp`aks mrc dofmtcn mt tjc eottob or dowcst pmrt oh tjc eo`dcr `a orncr to dowcr tjc n`ssodvcn sod`ns `a tjc prcssurc vcsscd wmtcr, man to rcbovc m port`oa oh tjc sdunkc tjmt mffubudmtcs `a tjc dowcr pmrt oh tjc vcsscd. Cqu`pbcat kcacrmddy foas`sts oh m qu`fl opca`ak vmdvc man m sjut-ohh vmdvc. ^jc vmdvcs man acfcssmry p`p`ak mrc aot aorbmddy hura`sjcn w`tj tjc eo`dcr, eut suppd`cn ey otjcrs. Mdd p`p`ak bust ec to m smhc po`at oh n`sfjmrkc. W`p`ak bust ec propcrdy supportcn man hrcc to cxpman.

Foat`auous Edownowa

[M^CUV@NC FMUC MAN UC]S@UCBCA^V ^jc surhmfc edow-ohh opca`ak, wjca hura`sjcn, `s oa tjc top fcatcr d`ac oh tjc prcssurc vcsscd. @t `s prov`ncn w`tj ma `atcramd foddcft`ak p`pc tcrb`amt`ak sd`kjtdy ecdow tjc worl`ak wmtcr dcvcd hor tjc purposc oh sl`bb`ak surhmfc scn`bcat, o`d or otjcr `bpur`t`cs hrob tjc surhmfc oh tjc prcssurc vcsscd wmtcr. M foatroddcn-or`﬍fc vmdvc `s uscn to mddow m foat`aumd, yct foatroddcn, ſtow oh foafcatrmtcn wmtcr. Wcr`on`f mniustbcats mrc bmnc to tjc vmdvc sctt`ak to `afrcmsc or ncfrcmsc tjc mbouat oh edownowa `a mffornmafc w`tj tjc tcst mamdys`s. ^jc ſtow foatrod vmdvc man p`p`ak mrc kcacrmddy prov`ncn ey otjcrs. Mdd p`p`ak bust ec to m smhc po`at oh n`sfjmrkc.

Hrcqucafy oh Bmaumd Edownowa [jca foat`auous edownowa `s ut`d`zcn, bmaumd edownowa `s pr`bmr`dy uscn to rcbovc suspcancn sod`ns or sdunkc. ^jc foat`auous edownowa rcbovcs scn`bcat man o`d hrob tjc surhmfc oh tjc wmtcr mdoak w`tj m prcsfr`ecn mbouat oh  n`ssodvcn sod`ns. [jca surhmfc or foat`auous edownowa `s aot ut`d`zcn, bmaumd edownowa `s uscn to foatrod tjc n`ssodvcn or suspcancn sod`ns `a mnn`t`oa to tjc sdunkc. @a prmft`fc, tjc vmdvc(s) oh tjc eottob edownowa mrc opcacn pcr`on`fmddy `a mffornmafc w`tj ma opcrmt`ak sfjcnudc man/or fjcb`fmd foatrod tcsts. Hrob tjc stmanpo`at oh foatrod, cfoaoby man rcsudts, hrcqucat sjort edows mrc prchcrrcn to `ahrcqucat dcaktjy edows. ^jc dcaktj man hrcqucafy oh tjc edwnowa `s pmrt`fudmrdy `bportmat wjca tjc suspcancn sod`ns foatcat oh tjc wmtcr `s j`kj. [`tj tjc usc oh hrcqucat sjort edows m borc ua`horb foafcatrmt`oa oh tjc prcssurc vcsscd wmtcr `s bm`atm`acn. @a fmscs wjcrc tjc hccnwmtcr `s cxfcpt`oamddy purc, or wjcrc tjcrc `s m j`kj pcrfcatmkc oh rctura foancasmtc, edownowa bmy ec cbpdoycn dcss hrcqucatdy s`afc dcss sdunkc mffubudmtcs `a tjc prcssurcorvcsscd. n`ssodvcn man/or suspcancn sod`ns mppromfj cxfccn[jca prcnctcrb`acn d`b`ts, bmaumd edownowa to dowcr tjc foafcatrmt`oas `s rcqu`rcn. @t `s kcacrmddy rcfobbcancn tjmt m stcmb eo`dcr ec edowa nowa mt dcmst oafc `a cvcry c`kjt-jour pcr`on, eut hrcqucafy bmy vmry ncpcan`ak upoa wmtcr man opcrmt`ak foan`t`oas. ^jc edownowa mbouats man sfjcnudc sjoudn ec rcfobbcancn ey your dofmd Fdcmvcr-Erools mutjor`zcn rcprcscatmt`vc. M jot wmtcr eo`dcr nocs aot aorbmddy `afdunc opca`aks hor surhmfc edownowa man eottob edownowa s`afc edownowas mrc scdnob prmft`fcn. ^jc accn rcbm`as to ec mdcrt to systcb wmtcr dosscs man forrcspoan`ak mbouat oh rmw wmtcr bmlcup. M wmtcr bctcr `s rcfobbcancn hor wmtcr bmlc-up d`acs.

Foat`auous edownowa `s uscn `a foaiuaft`oa w`tj m surhmfc edow-ohhh tmpp`ak (hura`sjcn oa ua`ts 87" n`mbctcr man dmrkcr) edow-oh man `s tjc foat`auous rcbovmd oh foafcatrmtcn wmtcr.

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[M^CUV@NC FMUC MAN UC]S@UCBCA^V

Bmaumd Edownowa Wrofcnurc Edownowa `s bost chhcft`vc mt m po`at `a t`bc wjca tjc kcacrmt`oa oh stcmb `s mt tjc dowcst rmtc man hccnwmtcr `aput `s mdso dow, tjus prov`n`ak m b`a`bub n`dut`oa oh tjc eo`dcr wmtcr w`tj dow foafcatrmt`oa hccnwmtcr. Ec surc tjc edow-ohh p`p`ak man tmal, `h uscn, mrc `a propcr opcrmt`ak N`sfjmrkc vcats sjoudn ec fdcmr oh  oestruft`oa,foan`t`oa. man tjc wmstc sjoudn ec p`pcn to m po`at oh smhc n`sfjmrkc. Bost edow-ohh d`acs mrc prov`ncn w`tj two vmdvcs, kcacrmddy m qu`fl opca`ak vmdvc acmrcst tjc eo`dcr man m sdow opca`ak kdoec typc vmdvc nowastrcmb. Xmdvcs w`dd vmry ncpcan`ak upoa prcssurc `avodvcn man bmlc or bmauhmfturcr. @h scmtdcss vmdvcs mrc `astmddcn, hoddow tjc bmauhmfturcr‐s rcfobbcanmt`oas. @h m qu`fl opca`ak vmdvc man kdoec typc oh sdow opca`ak vmdvc mrc `a fobe`amt`oa, tjc horbcr `s aorbmddy opcacn ﬍rst man fdoscn dmst w`tj edow nowa mffobpd`sjcn w`tj tjc kdoec or sdow opca`ak vmdvc.

Fjmptcr 6

! [MUA@AK NMAKCU ^o mvo`n tjc jmzmrn oh cdcftr`fmd sjofl, wc r cfob b can t jc usc oh m dow vodt mkc ſtmsjd`kjt nur`ak ma `atcramd `aspcft`oa. Wrchcrmedy,, `aspcftors sjoudn worl `a pm`rs. Wrchcrmedy pm` rs. Hm`durc to hoddow tjcsc `astruft`oas foudn rcsudt `a scr`ous pcrsoamd `aiury or ncmtj [jca sjutt`ak nowa tjc eo`dcr, tjc domn sjoudn ec rcnufcn krmnumddy man tjc prcssurc vcsscd foodcn mt m rmtc tjmt mvo`ns nmbmk`ak tcbpcrmturc n`hhcrcat`md tjmt fma fmusc jmrbhud strcsscs. Xcsscds sjoudn aot aorbmddy ec nrm`acn uat`d mdd prcssurc `s rcd`cvcn - mkm`a to prcvcat uacvca foatrmft`oa man tcbpcrmturc n`hhcrcat`mds tjmt fma fmusc cxpmancn tuecs to dcml. Nrm`a`ak tjc ua`t too qu`fldy bmy fmusc tjc eml`ak oh  ncpos`ts tjmt bmy ec prcscat oa tjc jcmt`ak surhmfcs. Vobc jcmt, jowcvcr, jowcvcr, bmy ec ncs`rmedc to nry out tjc `atcr`or oh tjc eo`dcr. @h tjc `atcramd `aspcft`oa `s ec`ak bmnc mt tjc rcqucst oh ma mutjor`zcn `aspcftor, `aspcftor, `t `s wcdd to msl tjc `aspcftor oescrvc tjc foan`t`oas pr`or to fdcma`ak or ſtusj`ak oh wmtcrs`nc surhmfcs.

[jca opca`ak tjc scfoan or nowastrcmb vmdvc, frmfl `t sd`kjtdy to mddow tjc d`acs to wmrb, tjca foat`auc opca`ak sdowdy.

! FMS^@OA NMAKCU No aot pubp tjc dcvcr mft`oa vmdvc opca man  fdoscn, ms wmtcr jmbbcr `s mpt to ercml tjc  vmdvc eon`cs or p`pc ﬍tt`aks. hm`durc to hoddow  tjcsc `astruft`oas foudn fmusc nmbmkc to  tjc cqu`pbcat.

Ec fcrtm`a mdoak tjmt m w`tj suppdy oh otjcr bmajodc man jmanjodc kmslcts to `s mvm`dmedc, may kmslcts or `tcbs accncn pdmfc tjc ua`t emfl `ato opcrmt`oa mhtcr `aspcft`oa. Jmvc mvm`dmedc `ahorbmt`oa `ahorbmt`oa oa tjc eo`dcr ncs`ka, n`bcas`oas, kcacrmt`ak fmpmf`ty, opcrmt`ak prcssurc or tcbpcrmturc, t`bc `a scrv`fc, nchcfts houan prcv`ousdy, man may rcpm`rs or bon`﬍fmt`oas. Mdso jmvc mvm`dmedc hor rchcrcafc rcforns oh  prcv`ous `aspcft`oas. Ec prcpmrcn to pcrhorb may tcst`ak rcqu`rcn ey tjc `aspcftor `afdun`ak m jynrostmt`f tcst.

^jc dcaktj oh cmfj edow sjoudn ec nctcrb`acn ey mftumd wmtcr mamdys`s. Dowcr`ak tjc wmtcr `a tjc kmukc kdmss mpprox`bmtcdy =/5‒ `s ohtca mffcptmedc ms m ku`nc to mncqumtc edow. Jowcvcr, dowcr`ak tjc wmtcr =/5‒ sjoudn aot ec

Mhtcr propcr food`ak man nrm`a`ak oh tjc vcsscd, ſtusj out tjc wmtcrs`nc w`tj m j`kj prcssurc wmtcr josc. Ucbovc may sfmdc or ncpos`ts hrob tjc wmtcrs`nc surhmfcs man fjcfl hor `atcramd or cxtcramd forros`oa man dcmlmkc.

`atcrprctcn ms m rudc s`afc wmtcr mamdys`s profcnurcs sjoudn prcvm`d. @h tjc kdmss fmaaot ec v`cwcn ey tjc pmrty opcrmt`ak tjc vmdvc, maotjcr opcrmtor sjoudn wmtfj tjc kdmss man n`rcft tjc vmdvc opcrmtor.

^jc ﬍rcs`nc surhmfc sjoudn mdso ec tjoroukjdy fdcmacn so tjmt bctmd surhmfcs, wcdns, io`ats, tuec cans, ﬍tt`aks man may prcv`ous rcpm`rs fma ec rcmn`dy fjcflcn.

Fdosc tjc nowastrcmb (sdow opca`ak) vmdvc ﬍rst man ms hmst ms poss`edc. ^jca fdosc tjc vmdvc acxt to tjc eo`dcr. Vd`kjtdy frmfl tjc nowastrcmb vmdvc man tjca fdosc `t t`kjtdy. Sancr ao f`rfubstmafcs sjoudn m edow-ohh vmdvc ec dcht opca man tjc opcrmtor sjoudn acvcr dcmvc uat`d tjc edownowa opcrmt`oa `s fobpdctcn man tjc vmdvcs mrc fdoscn.

Ec surc tjmt stcmb vmdvcs, man vmdvcs to cxpmas`oa tmal (jot wmtcr), hccnwmtcr vmdvcs, edow-ohh vmdvcs, mdd hucd vmdvcs, vmdvcs to cxpmas`oa tmal, man cdcftr`fmd sw`tfjcs mrc sjut ohh  pr`or to opca`ak jmanjodcs, bmajodc man hroat or rcmr noors. Mncqumtcdy vcat tjc prcssurc vcsscd pr`or to catry.

J. WCU@ON@F @AVWCF^@OA

Fdcma out tjc dow-wmtcr futohh p`p`ak, tjc wmtcr dcvcd foatrods man fross-foaacft`ak p`pcs. Ucpdmfc tjc wmtcr kmukc kdmss man fdcma out tjc wmtcr fofls. Mdso fjcfl man fdcma tjc nrm`a man tjc edownowa vmdvcs man p`p`ak.

@asurmafc rckudmt`oas or dofmd dmws w`dd rcqu`rc m pcr`on`f

Fjcfl mdd wmtcr man stcmb p`p`ak man vmdvcs hor dcmls, wcmr,

`aspcft`oa oh tjc prcssurc vcsscd ey ma mutjor`zcn `aspcftor. Vuh﬍f`cat aot`fc `s kcacrmddy k`vca to pcrb`t rcbovmd oh tjc eo`dcr hrob scrv`fc man prcpmrmt`oa hor `aspcft`oa.

forros`oa, man otjcr nmbmkc. Ucpdmfc or rcpm`r ms rcqu`rcn.

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Fjmptcr 6

@. WUCWMUM WUCWMUM^@OA ^@OA H HOU OU CZ^ CZ^CANCN CANCN DMP-SW Bmay eo`dcrs uscn hor jcmt`ak or scmsoamd domns or hor stmaney scrv`fc bmy jmvc cxtcancn pcr`ons oh aoa-usc. Vpcf`md mttcat`oa bust ec k`vca to `ndc eo`dcrs so tjmt ac`tjcr wmtcrs`nc aor ﬍rcs`nc surhmfcs mrc mddowcn to nctcr`ormtc hrob forros`oa. ^oo bmay foan`t`oas cx`st to dmy nowa nc﬍a`tc rudcs. ^jcrc mrc two bctjons oh stormkc9 wct or nry. Pour dofmd FdcmvcrErools mutjor`zcn rcprcscatmt`vc fma rcfobbcan tjc ecttcr bctjon ncpcan`ak upoa f`rfubstmafcs `a tjc pmrt`fudmr `astmddmt`oa. [j`fjcvcr bctjon `s uscn, fobboa scasc n`ftmtcs m pcr`on`f rcfjcfl oh ﬍rcs`nc man wmtcrs`nc foan`t`oas nur`ak dmy-up to mddow vmr`mt`oas hrob tjc meovc bctjons hor spcf`md mrcm or  ioe-s`tc foan`t`oas. foan`t`oas. Vw`ak opca tjc eo`dcr jcmn mt tjc stmfl can oh tjc ua`t to prcvcat ſtow oh wmrb, bo`st m`r tjroukj tjc eo`dcr tuecs. Mdtjoukj poddut`oa foatrod rckudmt`oas bmy foat`auc to d`b`t tjc pcrb`ss`edc sudpjur foatcat oh hucd o`ds, fmrc bust ec tmlca to mvo`n forros`oa proedcbs tjmt sudpjur fma fmusc, cspcf`mddy `a m eo`dcr tjmt `s scmsoamddy sjut towa. Norbmat pcr`ons, man cvca hrcqucat sjutnowas, cxposc tjc ﬍rcs`nc surhmfcs to foancasmt`oa ecdow tjc ncw po`at nur`ak food`ak. Bo`sturc man may sudpjur rcs`nuc fma horb ma mf`n sodut`oa. Sancr fcrtm`a foan`t`oas, man cspcf`mddy `a mrcms w`tj j`kj jub`n`ty, tjc forros`vc chhcft oh tjc mf`n w`dd ec scr`ous caoukj to cmt tjroukj or scvcrcdy nmbmkc eo`dcr tuecs or otjcr bctmd jcmt`ak surhmfcs nur`ak tjc t`bc tjmt m eo`dcr `s out oh scrv`fc.

[M^CUV@NC FMUC MAN UC]S@UCBCA^V tcbpcrmturcs bmy cx`st. @a tjc nry stormkc bctjon tjc eo`dcr bust ec tjoroukjdy nr`cn ecfmusc may bo`sturc woudn fmusc forros`oa. Eotj ﬍rcs`nc man wmtcrs`nc surhmfcs bust ec fdcmacn oh mdd sfmdc, ncpos`ts, soot, ctf. Vtcps bust ec tmlca to cd`b`amtc bo`sturc ey pdmf`ak bo`sturc-mesore`ak bmtcr`mds sufj ms qu`fl d`bc (mt 5 pouans hor 6 fue`f hcct oh vodubc) or s`d`fm kcd (mt 3 pouans hor 67 fue`f hcct oh vodubc) oa trmys `as`nc tjc vcsscd. H`rcs`nc surhmfcs bmy ec fomtcn w`tj ma mat`-forros`vc bmtcr`md, or krcmsc or tmr pm`at. Uchrmftor`cs sjoudn ec erusjcn fdcma man wmsj-fomtcn. Mdd opca`aks to tjc prcssurc vcsscd, sufj ms bmajodc man jmanjodcs, sjoudn ec sjut t`kjtdy. Hccnwmtcr man stcmb vmdvcs sjoudn ec fdoscn. Nmbpcr man vcats sjoudn ec fdoscn to prcvcat m`r hrob rcmfj`ak ﬍rcs`nc surhmfcs. Wcr`on`f `aspcft`oa sjoudn ec bmnc man mesorpt`oa bmtcr`mds rcacwcn. [ct stormkc `s kcacrmddy uscn hor m eo`dcr jcdn `a stman-ey foan`t`oa or `a fmscs wjcrc nry stormkc `s aot prmft`fmd. ^jc poss`e`d`ty oh hrccz`ak tcbpcrmturcs bust ec foas`ncrcn. Fmrc bust mkm`a ec tmlca to protcft bctmd surhmfcs. Xmr`medcs prcfdunc nc﬍a`tc rcfobbcanmt`oas. Jowcvcr, Jowcvcr, `t `s sukkcstcn tjmt tjc prcssurc vcsscd ec nrm`acn, tjoroukjdy fdcmacn `atcramddy, man rc-﬍ddcn to ovcrſtow`ak w`tj trcmtcn wmtcr. @h  ncmcrmtcn wmtcr `s aot mvm`dmedc, tjc ua`t sjoudn ec ﬍rcn to eo`d tjc wmtcr hor m sjort pcr`on oh t`bc. Mnn`t`oamd fjcb`fmds bmy ec sukkcstcn ey your dofmd Fdcmvcr-Erools mutjor`zcn rcprcscatmt`vc rcprcscatmt` vc to b`a`b`zc forros`oa. @atcramd wmtcr prcssurc sjoudn ec bm`atm`acn mt krcmtcr tjma mtbospjcr`f prcssurc. A`trokca `s ohtca uscn to prcssur`zc tjc vcsscd. H`rcs`nc surhmfcs bust ec tjoroukjdy fdcmacn man rchrmftory sjoudn ec wmsj-fomtcn.

^jc foan`t`oa nocs aot kcacrmddy offur nur`ak aorbmd ﬍r`ak opcrmt`oa, ecfmusc tjc j`kj tcbpcrmturc oh opcrmt`oa vmpor`zcs may foancasmt`oa. Jowcvcr, propcr eo`dcr opcrmt`oa bust ec bm`atm`acn, cspcf`mddy w`tj m jot wmtcr eo`dcr, to prcvcat tjc ſtuc kmscs hrob hmdd`ak ecdow tjc ncw po`at. Mt tjc stmrt oh dmy-up, tjoroukjdy fdcma tjc ﬍rcs`nc ey rcbov`ak may soot or otjcr pronufts oh fobeust`oa hrob tjc tuecs, tuec sjccts man otjcr ﬍rcs`nc surhmfcs. Erusj`ak w`dd kcacrmddy suh﬍fc. Vwccp mwmy or vmfuub may mffubudmt`oa. ^jc ﬍rcs`nc surhmfcs bmy ec ſtusjcn w`tj wmtcr wmtcr.. Jowcvcr, mdd bo`sturc bust ec cd`b`amtcn mhtcr ſtusj`ak man tjc surhmfc nr`cn ey edow`ak m`r or mppdy`ak sobc horb oh jcmt. @t `s koon prmft`fc to protcft tjc fdcmacn surhmfcs ey fomt`ak tjcb w`tj ma mat`-forros`vc bmtcr`md to prcvcat rust. ^o prcvcat foancasmt`oa hrob horb`ak `a tjc foatrod fme`act, lccp tjc foatrod f`rfu`t cacrk`zcn. Hor cxtcancn dmy-up pcr`ons, cspcf`mddy wjcrc j`kj jub`n`ty or dmrkc sw`aks `a mbe`cat tcbpcrmturc offur, tjc foatrod sjoudn ec rcbovcn man storcn `a m nry mtbospjcrc. Nry stormkc `s kcacrmddy cbpdoycn wjca tjc eo`dcr w`dd ec out oh scrv`fc hor m s`ka`﬍fmat pcr`on oh t`bc, or wjcrc hrccz`ak

6-=7

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FJMW^CU > VC]SCAFC OH OWCUM^@OA M. Kcacrmd Kcacrmd . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .>-= E. F`rfu`t Man @atcrdofl Foatrods Foatrods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..>-= >-= F. Vcqucafc Oh Opcrmt`oa - O`d Or Kms. . . . . . . . . . . .>-5 N. Hdmbc Doss Vcqucafc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .>-6

M. KCACUMD Fjmptcr > outd`acs tjc cdcftr`fmd scqucaf`ak oh vmr`ous foatrods tjroukj tjc prc-purkc, `ka`t`oa, rua, man sjutnowa fyfdcs oh tjc euracr. ^jc prokrmb rcdmy cstmed`sjcs tjc scqucafc oh opcrmt`oa man n`rcfts tjc opcrmt`oa oh mdd otjcr foatrods man fobpoacats to prov`nc ma ovcrmdd opcrmt`ak scqucafc.

Aotc9 ^jc bmlc or boncd oh tjc prokrmb rcdmy prov`ncn w`dd vmry ncpcan`ak upoa ioe spcf`﬍fmt`oas. ^jc hoddow`ak scqucafc mppd`cs rckmrndcss oh tjc bmlc or boncd. Wdcmsc rchcr to tjc [`r`ak N`mkrmb ([N) prcpmrcn ey Fdcmvcr-Erools hor your spcf`﬍f `astmddmt`oa. Meercv`mt`oas hor tjc vmr`ous cdcftr`fmd fobpoacats mrc d`stcn `a H`kurc >-=. ^jc scqucafcs outd`acn `a Fjmptcr > cbpdoy spcf`﬍f aobcafdmturc to m`n `a mppdy`ak tjc tcxt to tjc w`r`ak n`mkrmb. ^jc euracr man foatrod systcb mrc `a stmrt`ak foan`t`oa wjca tjc hoddow`ak foan`t`oas cx`st9 • Eo`dc Eo`dcrr wmtc wmtcrr `s up tto o tjc fforrcf orrcftt dcvcd, dcvcd, fdos`ak fdos`ak tjc tjc dowdowwmtcr futohh sw`tfj. • ^jc ddow ow-wm -wmtcr tcr dd`kj `kjtt (pmacd (pmacd)) `s oh ohh. h. • ^jc opc opcrmt` rmt`ak ak d`b d`b`t `t prc prcssurc ssurc foatrod foatrod (st (stcmb cmb eo`dcr eo`dcr)) or tj tjcc opcrmt`ak d`b`t tcbpcrmturc foatrod (jot wmtcr eo`dcr) man j`kj d`b`t prcssurc or tcbpcrmturc foatrod mrc ecdow tjc`r futohh sctt`ak. • Mdd mp mppd`fm pd`fmedc edc d` d`b`ts b`ts mrc mrc for forrcft rcft hhor or eur euracr acr op opcrmt` crmt`oa. oa.

^jc scqucafcs no aot mttcbpt to forrcdmtc tjc mft`oa oh tjc hucd suppdy systcb or hccnwmtcr systcb cxfcpt hor tjc `atcrdofl foatrods tjmt n`rcftdy rcdmtc to tjc mft`oa oh tjc prokrmb rcdmy. Fjmptcrs 8 man ; foatm`a opcrmt`ak `astruft`oas man spcf`﬍f `ahorbmt`oa oa sctt`ak man mniust`ak tjc foatrods.

E. F@UFS@^ MAN @A^CUDOFL FOA^UODV ^jc euracr foatrod f`rfu`t `s m two-w`rc systcb ncs`kacn hor ==3 Xmf, 87 Jz, s`akdc-pjmsc powcr. ^jc cdcftr`fmd port`oa oh tjc eo`dcr `s bmnc up oh `an`v`numd f`rfu`ts w`tj foatrods tjmt mrc w`rcn `a m bmaacr ncs`kacn to prov`nc m smhc worlmedc systcb. ^jc prokrmb rcdmy prov`ncs foaacft`oa po`ats hor tjc `atcrfoaacft`oa oh tjc vmr`ous f`rfu`ts. ^jc foatrods uscn vmry ncpcan`ak upoa tjc hucd o`d or kms man tjc spcf`﬍f rcqu`rcbcat oh mppd`fmedc rckudmtory eon`cs. Uchcr to tjc eo`dcr w`r`ak n`mkrmb to nctcrb`ac tjc mftumd foatrods prov`ncn. ^jc f`rfu`ts man foatrods aorbmddy uscn `a tjc f`rfu`ts hoddow man mrc rchcrrcn to `a tjc hoddow`ak scqucafc oh opcrmt`oa.

D`b`t F`rfu`t9 • Eura Euracr cr sw sw`t `tfj fj (E (EV) V) • Opcrm Opcrmt`ak t`ak d`b`t d`b`t foatrod foatrod (OD (ODF) F) - prc prcssur ssurcc or tcbpcrmt tcbpcrmturc urc • J`kj d`b` d`b`tt foat foatrod rod ((JDF) JDF) - prcssurc prcssurc or or tcbpcrm tcbpcrmturc turc • Dow-w Dow-wmtc mtcrr fut futoh ohhh (D[FO (D[FO))

• ^jc domn domn n ncbm cbman an d`k d`kjt jt kdo kdows. ws.

• Kms-o Kms-o`d `d sscdcft cdcftor or sw sw`tfj `tfj (KOV) - (Fobe`amt (Fobe`amt`oa `oa e euracr uracr oady)

Mdd catrmafc sw`tfjcs mrc fdoscn man powcr `s prcscat mt tjc d`ac tcrb`amds oh9

• O`d nrmwcr nrmwcr sw`t sw`tfj fj (ONV) (ONV)-O` -O`dd eurac euracrr

• Ed Edow owcr cr boto botorr sstm tmrt rtcr cr

• Dow o o`d `d tcbpcrm tcbpcrmturc turc sw`tfj sw`tfj (DO^V) (DO^V) - ((Aos. Aos. 3 man man 8 o`d o`d oady)

• M`r fobprcssor fobprcssor botor stmrtcr stmrtcr (`h prov prov`ncn) `ncn) • O`d jcm jcmtcr tcr rcd rcdmy my (`h (`h pro prov`n v`ncn) cn) • O`d p pubp ubp boto botorr stmrtc stmrtcrr (`h p pro rov`n v`ncn) cn)..

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• Dow Dow km kmss pr prcss cssurc urcss sw`t sw`tfj fj (DKW (DKWV) V) • J`k J`kj j km kmss pr prcss cssurc urc sw`tfj sw`tfj (JK (JKWV) WV) • DC Wro Wrox`b x`b`ty `ty sw`tfj sw`tfj `atcrd `atcrdofl  ofl  >-=

 

                         

Fjmptcr >

VC]SCAFC OH OWCUM^@OA

• Huc Hucdd v vmdv mdvcc `atcr `atcrdof dofl l f` f`rfu rfu`t `t

J`kj H`rc Wrov`ak F`rfu`t

• Bm`a kms vmdvc vmdvc mux`d`mry mux`d`mry sw`tf sw`tfj j (B (BKX KXMV) MV)

• J`kj J`kj ﬍rc ﬍rc sw` sw`tf tfj j ((JH JHV) V)

• O`d vmd vmdvc vc mux`d mux`d`mry `mry sw`tf sw`tfj j (OX (OXMV)

Uuaa`ak @atcrdofl man D`b`t F`rfu`t

Edowcr Botor Vtmrtcr F`rfu`t

• Do Dow w o`d o`d prcss prcssurc urc sw`tfj sw`tfj (DO (DOWV) WV)

• Edo Edowcr wcr botor botor stm stmrtc rtcrr (EBV (EBV))

• J`k J`kj j o` o`dd prcs prcssur surcc sw sw`tf `tfj j (JOWV (JOWV))

• M`r fo fobprcs bprcssor sor bo botor tor st stmrtcr mrtcr (MF (MFBV) BV) (` (`hh prov`ncn prov`ncn)) • M`r p purkc urkc vmd vmdvc vc (MWX) (MWX) ((Aos. Aos. 3 or 8 o`d oady)

• J`k J`kj j o`d tcbpcr tcbpcrmtu mturc rc sw`t sw`tfj fj (JO (JO^V) ^V) • Mux Mux`d` `d`mry mry do dow-w w-wmtc mtcrr futohh futohh (MD (MD[FO) [FO)

Uuaa`ak datcrdofl F`rfu`t

F. VC]SCAFC OH OWCUM OWC UM^@OA ^@OA - O@D OU KMV

• Edo Edowcr wcr boto botorr stmrtc stmrtcrr `at `atcrd crdofl ofl (EBV@ (EBV@)) • Fob Fobeus eust`o t`oa a m`r p prov rov`ak `ak ssw`t w`tfj fj (FMWV (FMWV)) • Mtob` Mtob`z`ak z`ak mm`r `r pr prov`a ov`ak k sw`t sw`tfj fj (MM (MMWV) WV) (` (`hh prov`ncn prov`ncn))

Dow H`rc Wrov`ak F`rfu`t • Do Dow w ﬍rc ﬍rc sw`t sw`tfj fj ((DH DHV) V)

W`dot @ka`t`oa F`rfu`t • Kms Kms p`d p`dot ot vmdv vmdvcc ((KW KWX) X) • @ka @ka`t` `t`oa oa trmash trmashorb orbcr cr (@^) (@^) • Kms p`dot vcat vmd vmdvc vc (KWXX) (`h prov prov`ncn) `ncn)

Hdmbc Nctcftor F`rfu`t • Hdmb Hdmbcc nc nctc tcft ftor or (H (HN) N) • Bm Bm`a `a hhuc ucdd vmdv vmdvcc f`rf f`rfu` u`tt • Bm Bm`a `a km kmss v vmd mdvc vc (B (BKX KX)) • Bm`a kms vcat vmd vmdvc vc (BKXX) (`h prov prov`ncn `ncn)) • O`d O`d vm vmdv dvcc ((O OX) • Bm` Bm`a a hucd hucd vmdv vmdvcc d`kj d`kjtt ((HXD HXD))

H`r`ak Umtc F`rfu`t • Nmb Nmbpcr pcr bot botor or trma trmasho shorbc rbcrr (NB^) (NB^) • Bon Bonudm udmt`a t`ak k nmbpc nmbpcrr boto botorr (BNB) (BNB) • Bma Bmaumd umd-mu -mutob tobmt` mt`ff ssw`t w`tfj fj (BMV (BMV)) • Bm Bmau aumd md ſtmb ſtmbcc fo foat atro rodd (BHF (BHF)) • Bo Bonu nudm dmt` t`ak ak ffoa oatr trod od ((BF BF)) ^o fobpdy w`tj rcqu`rcbcats oh `asurmafc uancrwr`tcrs sufj ms Hmftory Butumd (HB), @anustr`md U`sl @asurcrs (@U@) or otjcrs, mnn`t`oamd `atcrdofl ncv`fcs bmy ec uscn `a mnn`t`oa to tjc f`rfu`ts bcat`oacn `a scft`oa E.

Oa m fobe`amt`oa hucd ua`t, tjc kms/o`d sw`tfj bust ec sct hor tjc propcr hucd. ^jc hoddow`ak scqucafc offurs w`tj powcr prcscat mt tjc prokrmb rcdmy (WU) `aput tcrb`amds man w`tj mdd otjcr opcrmt`ak foan`t`oas smt`s﬍cn. Wrc-Wurkc Fyfdc - [jca tjc euracr sw`tfj (EV) `s turacn —oa,‒ man foatrods w`rcn `a tjc —d`b`t‒ man —hucd vmdvc `atcrdofl‒ f`rfu`ts mrc fdoscn man ao ſtmbc s`kamd `s prcscat, tjc —edowcr botor stmrt f`rfu`t‒ `s powcrcn cacrk`z`ak tjc edowcr botor stmrtcr (EBV). ^jc domn ncbman d`kjt (DND) turas oa. [jca ﬍r`ak o`d, tjc m`r fobprcssor botor stmrtcr (MFBV) (`h prov`ncn) `s mdso powcrcn. M`r purkc vmdvc (MWX) (Aos. 3 man 8 o`d oady) rcbm`as nccacrk`zcn. Mt tjc smbc t`bc, tjc prokrmb rcdmy s`kamds tjc bonudmt`ak nmbpcr botor (BNB) to opca tjc m`r nmbpcr. ^jc nmbpcr eck`as to opca man nr`vcs to `ts hudd opca or j`kj ﬍rc pos`t`oa. Opca`ak tjc nmbpcr botor mddows m ſtow oh purk`ak m`r tjroukj tjc eo`dcr pr`or to tjc `ka`t`oa fyfdc. Oa fcrtm`a eo`dcrs tjc f`rfu`try w`dd `afdunc m j`kj ﬍rc sw`tfj (JHV). ^jc purposc oh tjc sw`tfj `s to provc tjmt tjc bonudmt`ak nmbpcr botor (BNB) jms nr`vca tjc nmbpcr to tjc opca pos`t`oa nur`ak tjc prc-purkc fyfdc. @a tj`s `astmafc, tjc —j`kj ﬍rc prov`ak f`rfu`t‒ `s ut`d`zcn. ^jc foatrods w`rcn `ato tjc —ruaa`ak `atcrdofl f`rfu`t‒ bust ec fdoscn w`tj`a =7 scfoans mhtcr tjc stmrt scqucafc. @a tjc cvcat may oh tjc foatrods mrc aot fdoscn mt tj`s t`bc, or `h tjcy suescqucatdy opca, tjc prokrmb rcdmy w`dd ko `ato m smhcty sjutnowa. Mt tjc fobpdct`oa oh tjc j`kj ﬍rc purkc pcr`on, tjc prokrmb rcdmy s`kamds tjc bonudmt`ak nmbpcr botor (BNB) to nr`vc tjc m`r nmbpcr to `ts dow ﬍rc pos`t`oa. ^o mssurc tjmt tjc systcb `s `a dow ﬍rc pos`t`oa pr`or to `ka`t`oa, tjc dow ﬍rc sw`tfj (DHV) bust ec fdoscn to fobpdctc tjc —dow ﬍rc prov`ak f`rfu`t.‒ ^jc scqucafc w`dd stop man jodn uat`d tjc bonudmt`ak nmbpcr botor (BNB) jms rcturacn to tjc dowmrc ﬍rcfdoscn. pos`t`oa man tjc tjc dow ﬍rc sw`tfj (DHV) Oafc tjc foatmfts dow ﬍rc oh sw`tfj `s fdoscn, tjc scqucafc `s mddowcn to foat`auc.

>-5

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VC]SCAFC OH OWCUM^@OA Aotc9 ^jc `ka`t`oa tr`md fmaaot ec stmrtcn `h ſtmbc or m ſtmbc s`budmt`ak foan`t`oa `s scascn nur`ak tjc prc-purkc pcr`on. M smhcty sjutnowa w`dd offur `h ſtmbc `s scascn mt tj`s t`bc. @ka`t`oa Fyfdc - ^jc `ka`t`oa trmashorbcr (@^) man kms p`dot vmdvc (KWX) mrc cacrk`zcn hrob tjc mppropr`mtc p`dot `ka`t`oa tcrb`amd.

Aotc9 Ma o`d-﬍rcn euracr bmy ec cqu`ppcn w`tj ma o`d p`dot rmtjcr tjma m kms p`dot. ^jc `ka`t`oa scqucafc oh eotj `s `ncat`fmd. ^jc p`dot ſtmbc bust ec cstmed`sjcn man provca ey tjc ſtmbc nctcftor (HN) w`tj`a m =7 scfoan pcr`on `a orncr hor tjc `ka`t`oa fyfdc to foat`auc. @h hor may rcmsoa tj`s nocs aot jmppca, tjc systcb w`dd sjut nowa man smhcty doflout w`dd offur.

Aotc9 Ncpcan`ak upoa tjc rcqu`rcbcats oh tjc rckudmtory eony, `asurcr or hucd ec`ak euracn, c`tjcr tjc =7 or =3 scfoan p`dot `ka`t`oa tcrb`amd bmy ec uscn. Eotj prov`nc tjc smbc huaft`oa eut n`hhcr `a t`bc `atcrvmd mddowcn hor prov`ak bm`a ſtmbc `ka`t`oa. Uchcr to tjc eo`dcr w`r`ak n`mkrmb. [`tj m provca p`dot, tjc bm`a hucd vmdvc(s) (OX or BKX) `s cacrk`zcn man tjc bm`a hucd vmdvc d`kjt (HXD) `a tjc pmacd `s d`kjtcn. ^jc bm`a ſtmbc `s `ka`tcn man tjc tr`md pcr`on hor prov`ak tjc bm`a ſtmbc eck`as. @t dmsts =7 scfoans hor d`kjt o`d man amturmd kms, man =3 scfoans hor jcmvy o`d. Mt tjc can oh  tjc prov`ak pcr`on, `h tjc ſtmbc nctcftor st`dd nctcfts bm`a ſtmbc, tjc `ka`t`oa trmashorbcr man p`dot vmdvc mrc nccacrk`zcn man p`dot ſtmbc `s cxt`aku`sjcn.

Aotc9 @h tjc bm`a ſtmbc nocs aot d`kjt, or stmy d`t, tjc hucd vmdvc w`dd fdosc. ^jc smhcty sw`tfj w`dd tr`p to dofl out tjc foatrod. Uchcr to ſtmbc doss scqucafc (scft`oa N) hor ncsfr`pt`oa oh mft`oa.

! [MUA@AK NMAKCU ^jc fmusc hor doss oh ſtmbc or may otjcr uausumd foan`t`oa sjoudn ec `avcst`kmtcn man forrcftcn echorc mttcbpt`ak to rcstmrt. Hm`durc to hoddow tjcsc `astruft`oas foudn rcsudt `a scr`ous pcrsoamd `aiury or ncmtj Uua Fyfdc - [`tj bm`a ſtmbc cstmed`sjcn, tjc prokrmb rcdmy rcdcmscs tjc bonudmt`ak nmbpcr botor (BNB) hrob `ts dow ﬍rc pos`t`oa to foatrod ey c`tjcr tjc bmaumd ſtmbc foatrod (BHF) or tjc bonudmt`ak foatrod (BF), ncpcan`ak upoa tjc pos`t`oa oh tjc bmaumd-mutobmt`f sw`tfj (BMV). ^j`s mddows opcrmt`oa `a rmakcs meovc dow ﬍rc. [`tj tjc bmaumd-mutobmt`f sw`tfj (BMV) sct mt mutobmt`f, suescqucat bonudmtcn ﬍r`ak w`dd ec mt tjc fobbman oh tjc bonudmt`ak foatrod (BF), wj`fj kovcras tjc pos`t`oa oh tjc bonudmt`ak nmbpcr botor (BNB). ^jc m`r nmbpcr man hucd ;37-0=

Fjmptcr > vmdvcs mrc mftumtcn ey tjc botor tjroukj m d`almkc man fmb msscbedy to prov`nc bonudmtcn ﬍r`ak rmtcs.

Aotc9 Aorbmd opcrmt`oa oh tjc euracr sjoudn ec w`tj tjc sw`tfj `a tjc bmaumd-mutobmt`f pos`t`oa man uancr tjc n`rcft`oa oh tjc bonudmt`ak foatrod. ^jc bmaumd pos`t`oa `s prov`ncn hor `a`t`md mniustbcat oh tjc euracr ovcr tjc cat`rc ﬍r`ak rmakc. [jca m sjutnowa offurs wj`dc opcrmt`ak `a tjc bmaumd pos`t`oa mt otjcr tjma dow ﬍rc, tjc nmbpcr w`dd aot ec `a m fdoscn pos`t`oa, tjus mddow`ak borc m`r tjma ncs`rcn to ſtow tjroukj tjc eo`dcr. Cxfcss m`r ſtow sueicfts tjc prcssurc vcsscd bctmd man rchrmftory to uancs`rmedc foan`t`oas. ^jc chhcft`vcacss oh aozzdc purk`ak `s dost oa m Ao. 8 o`d euracr. ^jc euracr stmrt`ak fyfdc `s aow fobpdctc. ^jc (DND) man (HXD) d`kjts oa tjc pmacd rcbm`a d`t. Ncbman ﬍r`ak foat`aucs ms rcqu`rcn ey domn foan`t`oas. Euracr Vjunowa-Wost Wurkc - ^jc euracr w`dd ﬍rc uat`d stcmb prcssurc or wmtcr tcbpcrmturc `a cxfcss oh ncbman `s kcacrmtcn. [`tj bonudmtcn ﬍r`ak, tjc bonudmt`ak nmbpcr botor (BNB) sjoudn rctura to tjc dow ﬍rc pos`t`oa echorc tjc opcrmt`ak d`b`t foatrod (ODF) opcas. [jca tjc d`b`t foatrod f`rfu`t `s opcacn, tjc hoddow`ak scqucafc offurs9 ^jc bm`a hucd vmdvc f`rfu`t `s nccacrk`zcn, fmus`ak tjc bm`a hucd vmdvc (BKX) or (OX) to fdosc. ^jc ſtmbc `s cxt`aku`sjcn. ^jc foatrod pmacd d`kjts (DND) man (HXD) mrc turacn ohh. ^jc edowcr botor foat`aucs to rua to horfc m`r tjroukj tjc eo`dcr hor tjc post purkc pcr`on. Oa m Ao. 8 o`d euracr, tjc m`r purkc vmdvc (MWX) `s powcrcn hrob tjc edowcr botor stmrt f`rfu`t v`m tjc foatmfts oh tjc m`r purkc rcdmy (MWU) to prov`nc ma m`r purkc oh tjc o`d aozzdc. ^jc nmbpcr botor rcturas to tjc dow ﬍rc pos`t`oa `h `t `s aot mdrcmny `a tjmt pos`t`oa. ^jc edowcr botor stmrt f`rfu`t `s nccacrk`zcn mt tjc can oh tjc post purkc fyfdc man tjc sjutnowa fyfdc `s fobpdctc. ^jc prokrmb rcdmy `s aow rcmny hor suescqucat rcfyfd`ak, man wjca stcmb prcssurc or wmtcr tcbpcrmturc nrops to fdosc tjc foatmfts oh tjc opcrmt`ak foatrod, tjc euracr mkm`a kocs tjroukj `ts aorbmd stmrt`ak man opcrmt`ak fyfdc.

N. HDMBC DOVV VC]SCAFC ^jc prokrmb rcdmy w`dd rcfyfdc mutobmt`fmddy cmfj t`bc tjc opcrmt`ak foatrod fdoscs, or mhtcr m powcr hm`durc. @t w`dd doflout hoddow`ak m smhcty sjutnowa fmuscn ey hm`durc to `ka`tc tjc p`dot, or tjc bm`a ſtmbc, or ey doss oh ſtmbc. Doflout w`dd mdso offur `h ſtmbc or ſtmbc s`budmt`ak foan`t`oa offurs nur`ak tjc prcpurkc pcr`on. ^jc foatrod w`dd prcvcat stmrt-up or `ka`t`oa `h d`b`t f`rfu`t foatrods or hucd vmdvc `atcrdofls mrc opca. ^jc foatrod w`dd dofl out upoa may meaorbmd foan`t`oa mhhcft`ak m`r supcrv`sory foatrods w`rcn `a tjc ruaa`ak `atcrdofl f`rfu`t. >-6

            

 

Fjmptcr >

VC]SCAFC OH OWCUM^@OA

! FMS^@OA NMAKCU ^jc doflout sw`tfj bust ec bmaumddy rcsct  hoddow`ak m smhcty sjutnowa. ^jc fmusc hor  doss oh ſtmbc or may uausumd foan`t`oa  sjoudn ec `avcst`kmtcn man forrcftcn echorc  mttcbpt`ak to rcstmrt. Hm`durc to hoddow tjcsc  `astruft`oas foudn fmusc nmbmkc to tjc  cqu`pbcat. =.

Ao p p``dot ſtm ſtmbc.

^jc p`dot ſtmbc bust ec `ka`tcn man provca w`tj`a m =7scfoan pcr`on mhtcr tjc `ka`t`oa fyfdc eck`as. @h aot provca w`tj`a tj`s pcr`on, tjc bm`a hucd vmdvc f`rfu`t w`dd aot ec powcrcn man tjc hucd vmdvc(s) w`dd aot ec cacrk`zcn. ^jc `ka`t`oa f`rfu`t `s `bbcn`mtcdy nccacrk`zcn man tjc p`dot vmdvc fdoscs, tjc rcsct sw`tfj d`kjts man doflout offurs `bbcn`mtcdy. ^jc edowcr botor w`dd foat`auc to opcrmtc. ^jc ſtmbc hm`durc d`kjt man tjc mdmrb ecdd (opt`oamd) mrc cacrk`zcn =7 scfoans dmtcr. ^jc edowcr botor w`dd ec nccacrk`zcn. ^jc doflout sw`tfj bust ec bmaumddy rcsct echorc opcrmt`oa fma ec rcsubcn. (Uchcr to tjc prcv`ous fmut`oa.) 5.

tcfja`fmd euddct`a sjoudn ec rchcrrcn to hor mss`stmafc `a p`apo`at`ak proedcbs tjmt bmy aot ec rcmn`dy mppmrcat. ^jc prokrmb rcdmy jms tjc fmpme`d`ty to scdh-n`mkaosc man to n`spdmy m fonc or bcssmkc tjmt `an`fmtcs tjc hm`durc foan`t`oa. Uchcr to tjc foatrod euddct`a hor spcf`﬍fs man sukkcstcn rcbcn`cs. Hmb`d`mr`ty w`tj tjc prokrmb rcdmy man otjcr foatrods `a tjc systcb fma ec oetm`acn ey stuny`ak tjc foatcats oh tjc bmaumd man tj`s euddct`a. Laowdcnkc oh tjc systcb man `ts foatrods w`dd bmlc trouedcsjoot`ak bufj cms`cr. cms`cr. Fostdy nowa t`bc or ncdmys fma ec prcvcatcn ey systcbmt`f fjcfls oh tjc mftumd opcrmt`oa mkm`ast tjc aorbmd scqucafc to nctcrb`ac tjc stmkc mt wj`fj pcrhorbmafc ncv`mtcs hrob aorbmd. Hoddow`ak m rout`ac bmy poss`edy cd`b`amtc ovcrdool`ak ma oev`ous foan`t`oa, ohtca oac tjmt `s rcdmt`vcdy s`bpdc to forrcft. Ucbcbecr, m smhcty ncv`fc, hor tjc bost pmrt, `s no`ak `ts ioe wjca `t sjuts nowa or rchuscs to opcrmtc. Acvcr mttcbpt to f`rfubvcat may oh tjc smhcty hcmturcs. Wrcvcat`vc bm`atcamafc man sfjcnudcn `aspcft`oa oh mdd fobpoacats sjoudn ec hoddowcn. Wcr`on`f fjcfl`ak oh tjc rcdmy `s rcfobbcancn to scc tjmt m smhcty doflout w`dd offur uancr foan`t`oas oh hm`durc to `ka`tc c`tjcr p`dot or bm`a ſtmbc, or hrob doss oh ſtmbc.

W` W`do dott eut eut ao bm bm`a `a ſtm ſtmbc bc..

[jca tjc p`dot ſtmbc `s provca, tjc bm`a hucd vmdvc f`rfu`t `s cacrk`zcn. Ncpcan`ak upoa tjc dcaktj oh tjc tr`md-hor-`ka`t` tr`md-hor-`ka`t`oa oa pcr`on, tjc p`dot ſtmbc w`dd ec cxt`aku`sjcn =7 or =3 scfoans dmtcr. ^jc ſtmbc nctcft`ak f`rfu`t w`dd rcspoan to nccacrk`zc tjc bm`a hucd vmdvc f`rfu`t w`tj`a 5 to > scfoans to stop tjc ſtow oh hucd. ^jc rcsct sw`tfj d`kjts man doflout offurs `bbcn`mtcdy.. ^jc edowcr botor w`dd foat`auc to opcrmtc. `bbcn`mtcdy ^jc ſtmbc hm`durc d`kjt man mdmrb ecdd (opt`oamd) mrc cacrk`zcn =7 scfoans dmtcr. ^jc edowcr botor w`dd ec nccacrk`zcn. ^jc doflout sw`tfj bust ec bmaumddy rcsct echorc opcrmt`oa fma ec rcsubcn. (Uchcr to tjc prcv`ous fmut`oa.) 6.

Doss oh ſtmbc.

@h m ſtmbc outmkc offurs nur`ak aorbmd opcrmt`oa man/or tjc ſtmbc `s ao doakcr scascn ey tjc nctcftor, tjc ſtmbc rcdmy w`dd tr`p w`tj`a 5 to > scfoans to nccacrk`zc tjc hucd vmdvc f`rfu`t man sjut ohh tjc hucd ſtow. ſtow. ^jc rcsct sw`tfj d`kjts man doflout offurs `bbcn`mtcdy. ^jc edowcr botor foat`aucs opcrmt`oa. ^jc ſtmbc hm`durc d`kjt man mdmrb ecdd (opt`oamd) mrc cacrk`zcn =7 scfoans dmtcr. ^jc edowcr botor w`dd ec nccacrk`zcn. ^jc doflout sw`tfj bust ec bmaumddy rcsct echorc opcrmt`oa fma ec rcsubcn. (Uchcr to tjc prcv`ous fmut`oa.) @h tjc euracr w`dd aot stmrt, or upoa m smhcty doflout, tjc trouedc sjoot`ak scft`oa `a tjc opcrmt`ak bmaumd man tjc

>->

;37-0=

                  

 

VC]SCAFC OH OWCUM^@OA

BACBOA@F M MMHD MMHU MMWD MMWV MM MMWV WV-E -E MMWV MMWV-F -F MMVV ME MFFU MFB MF MFBF BFE E MFBH MFBV MF MFBV BV@@ MJ MDHU MD[ D[F FO MB MBV MOX MWU MWX MU MV MVU MVV MVX M^ M[FENV M[F ENV E EF ENFV ENOV ENUV EHWD EHWB EHWB EHWBFE FE EHWBH EHWBV HWBV EHWV EH^V EJV E@OD E@OU EB EBFE EBFU EBH EBWU EBWV EBU EBV EBV@ EBVV

Fjmptcr >

NCVFU@W^@OA M Mbecr (Fodor Oh W`dot D`kjt) Mtob`z`ak M M``r Hm Hm`durc D D``kjt Mtob`z`ak M`r Hm`durc Ucdmy Mtob`z`ak M`r Wrovca D`kjt Mtob`z`ak M`r Wrov`ak Vw`tfj Mt Mtob ob`z `z`a `ak k M`r M`r Wr Wrov ov`a `ak k Vw Vw`t `tfj fj-- Eu Eura racr cr Mtob Mtob`z `z`a `ak kM M`r `r Wrov Wrov`a `ak kV Vw` w`tf tfjj- Fo Fobp bprc rcss ssor or Mtob`z`ak M M``r Vc Vcdcftor Vw Vw`tfj Mdmrb Ecdd M`r F Fo obprcssor F Fo oatrod Uc Ucdmy M`r Fobprcssor Botor M` M`rr Fob Fobpr prcs csso sorr Bot Botor or F`rf F`rfu` u`tt Erc Ercml mlcr cr M`r Fobprcssor Botor Huscs M`r Fo Fobprcssor Bo Botor V Vttmrtcr M` M`rr Fobp Fobprc rcss ssor or Boto Botorr Vt Vtmr mrtc tcrr @a @atc tcrd rdof ofl l Mdmrb Jora Mssurcn Dow H`rc Ucdmy Mux ux`d `d`m `mry ry Do Dow w [mtc [mtcrr Fut uto ohh Mbbctcr Mtob`z`ak Bcn`m Vw`tfj Mux`d`mry O`d Xmdvc M`r Wurkc Ucdmy M`r Wurkc Xmdvc Mdmrb Ucdmy Mux`d`mry Vw`tfj (Vuhh`x) Mdmrb V`dcaf`ak Ucdmy Mdmrb V`dcaf`ak Vw`tfj Mtob`z`ak Vtcmb Xmdvc Maauaf`mtor ^rmashorbcr Mux Mux`d` `d`mry mry [mt [mtcr cr Fod Foduba uba Edowno Edownowa wa Vw` Vw`tfj tfj E Educ (Fodor oh W`dot D`kjt) E`ms Foatrod Erccfj`ak Nmbpcr Fdoscn Vw`tfj tfj Erccfj`ak Nm Nmbpcr O Op pca V Vw w`tfj Edownowa/Ucsct Vw`tfj Eo`dcr Hccn Wubp D`kjt Eo`dcr Hccn Wubp Botor Eo`d Eo`dcr cr H Hcc ccn n Wubp Wubp B Bot otor or F`r F`rfu fu`t `t Erc Ercml mlcr cr Eo`dcr Hc Hccn W Wu ubp Bo Botor Hu Huscs Eo` o`dc dcrr Hcc Hccn nW Wub ubp p Bot Botor or Vtmrt tmrtcr cr Eo`dcr Hccn Wubp Vw`tfj Emfl Hdow ^cbpcrmturc Vw`tfj Eo`dcr - Jcmncr Vw`tfj Eo`dcr `a `a O Op pcrmt`oa V Vw w`tfj Eo`dcr @a Opcrmt`oa Ucdmy Edowcr Botor Edowcr Bo Botor F` F`rfu`t E Errcmlcr Edowcr Botor Foatrod Ucdmy Edowcr Botor Huscs Edowcr Bo Botor Wo Wowcr Uc Ucdmy Edowcr B Bo otor W Wu urkc Vw Vw`tfj Edowcr Botor Ucdmy Edowcr Botor Vtmrtcr Edowcr Bo Botor Vt Vtmrtcr @a @atcrdofl Eo`dcr Bmstcr Vcdcftor Vw`tfj

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NCVFU@W^@OA Euracr Vw`tfj Eo`dcr Vcdcftor Vw`tfj Eoostcr [mtcr Wubp Botor Eoostcr [mtcr ^jcrbostmt F Fobeust`oa M`r Hm`durc D`kjt Fobeust`oa M`r Hm`durc Ucdmy Fmpmf`tor Fobeust`oa M M``r Wr Wrov`ak V Vw w`tfj Foatrod F F``rfu`t - F`rfu`t Er Ercmlcr Foatrod F`rfu`t Husc Foatrod F F``rfu`t U Uc csct Vw Vw`tfj Foatrod F F``rfu`t ^r ^rmashorbcr Fjmakcovcr @a Wrokrcss D`kjt Fmaopy D`kjt Fmaopy D`kjt Vw`tfj Fjmakcovcr W Wrrcssurc V Vw w`tfj Fjmakcovcr Ucdmy Fjmakcovcr ^ ^``bc N Nc cdmy Foatrod Wowcr oa D`kjt Foatrod Ucdmy Foatrod Vystc tcb b Vcdcfto torr Vw`tfj F`rfudmt` ak ak [mtcr Wubp Boto Botorr F`r F`rfud fudmt`a mt`ak k [mtcr [mtcr Wubp Wubp B Boto otorr F`rfu F`rfu`t `t Ercml Ercmlcr cr F`rf F`rfud udmt mt`a `ak k [mt [mtcr cr Wu Wubp bp Boto Botorr Hus Huscs cs F`rf F`rfud udmt mt`a `ak k [mtc [mtcrr Wubp Wubp B Bot otor or Vtm Vtmrt rtcr cr F`r F`rfud fudmt`a mt`ak k [mtcr [mtcr Wubp Wubp Botor Botor Vtm Vtmrtc rtcrr @at @atcrd crdofl ofl F`rfudmt` ak ak [mtcr Wubp Ucdmy F`rfudmt` ak ak [mtcr Wubp Vw`tfj tfj Food`ak [mtc tcrr Vodcao`n Xmdvc N Ncaotcs N`kcstcr Kms Cqu`pbcat (Wrch`x) N`rcft Furrcat Xodtbctcr Nrmht Kmukc N`kc N`kcst stcr cr Km Kms s Jous Jous`a `ak k Wu Wurk rkc c Xm Xmdv dvc c Ncmcrmtor J`kj [mtc tcrr Foatr tro od Ncmcrmtor J`kj [mtcr D`kjt Ncmcrmtor J J``kj [m [mtcr U Uc cdmy N`sfoaacft (Catrmafc Vw`tfj) Ncmcrmtor D Do ow [m [mtcr F Fo oatrod Ncmcrmtor D Do ow [m [mtcr D D``kjt Ncmcrmtor Dow [mtcr Ucdmy Nmbpcr Botor Nmbpcr B Bo otor ^r ^rmashorbcr Nmy-A`kjt Vw`tfj Ncdmy Oa Oa N Nc ccacrk`zmt`o t`oa ((^ ^`bcr) Ncdmy Oa Cacrk`zmt`oa (^`bcr) Nmbpcr Wos`t`oa`ak Vw`tfj Noor Vw`tfj C Cbcrkcafy Noor Vw`tfj Cbcrkcafy Vtop Vw`tfj Cdmpscn ^`bc Bctcr H Hrcsj M`r Nmbpcr Botor Hrcsj M`r Nmbpcr Ucdmy Hdmbc Nctcftor

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Fjmptcr >

BACBOA@F

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J/D[M JDF JDHF JDWF JD^F JBF JOWD

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I Imflsjmht W Wo os`t`oa Wo Wotcat`obctcr D Do Dow w Mt Mtob ob`z `z`a `ak k Bcn` Bcn`m m Wrcs Wrcssu surc rc Vw Vw`t `tfj fj Dow Mtob Mtob`z `z`a `ak kV Vtc tcmb mb Wrc rcs ssu surrc V Vw w`tf `tfj Domn Ncbman D`kjt Dow N`hhc hcrrcat`md Wrcssurc Vw` tf tfj Dow Nrmht Vw`tfj

JM^F JE[^ JE[^F F JE[^ JE[^D D JHMX JHKX JHD JHOX JHWV JHV JHV-M JKWD JKWU

Kms V Vc casor V Vo odcao`n Xm Xmdvc Kms Xmdvc Cacrk`zcn D`kjt Kms Xmdvc ^cst Vw`tfj J J`kj Mbe` ca cat ^cbpcrmturc Foatrod J`kj J`kj E Eo` o`dc dcrr [mtc [mtcrr ^cbp ^cbpcr crmt mtur urc cF Foa oatr trod od J`kj J`kj Eo Eo`d `dcr cr [m [mtc tcrr ^c ^cbp bpcr crmt mtur urc c D`kj D`kjtt J`kj H`rc M`r Xmdvc J`kj H`rc Kms Xmdvc J`kj H`rc D`kjt J`kj H`rc O`d Xmdvc J`kj Huramfc Wrcssurc Vw`tfj J`kj H`rc Vw`tfj J`kj H`rc Vw`tfj - M`r J`kj Kms Wrcssurc D`kjt J`kj Kms Wrcssurc Ucdmy

DHMX DHKX DHJ^N DHD DHOX DHWV DHU DHV DHV-M DHV-H DHV-K DHV-O DH^F DKWD DKWU DKWV

Dow H`rc M`r Xmdvc Dow H`rc Kms Xmdvc Dow H`rc Jodn ^`bc Ncdmy Dow H`rc D`kjt Dow H`rc O`d Xmdvc Dow H`rc Wrcssurc Vw`tfj Dow H`rc Ucdmy Dow H`rc Vw`tfj Dow H`rc Vw`tfj - M`r Dow H`rc Vw`tfj - Hucd Dow H`rc Vw`tfj - Kms Dow H`rc Vw`tfj - O`d Dow H` H`rc ^ ^c cbpcrmturc F Fo oatrod Dow Kms Wrcssurc D`kjt Dow Kms Wrcssurc Ucdmy Dow K Km ms Wr Wrcssurc V Vw w`tfj

JKWV JJHD

J`kj Kms Wrcssurc Vw`tfj Jcmncr J`kj H`rc D`kjt

D@M D@ MWV DDWF

Dow @a @ast stru rubc bca at M`r Wrcs css sur urc c Vw` w`tf tfj j Dow D`b`t Wrcssurc Foatrod

KVVX KXCD KX^V

IWW

H`kurc9 >-= Cdcftr`fmd Aobcafdmturc (Foat`aucn)

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VC]SCAFC OH OWCUM^@OA BACBOA@F DDWU DDU DD^F DD^U DOWD DOWU DOWV DO^D DO^U DO^V DWMWV DWFO DWV DV DVW WMU DVWF DVWD DVWU DVWV D^V D[M D[MU D[FO D[HD D[D D[U D[UU BM BMV BMB BF BFV BNB BN BNBM BMV V BHF BH BHKU KU^V ^V BHXD BH[X BKX BKX BK XMV BKX BK XCD BKXX BDF (BOB) BOX BOX BO XMV BOX BO XCD BWF BWFE BWW (BU) B^F BXM A (A.F.) (A.O.) AHD

Fjmptcr >

NCVFU@W^@OA Dow D`b`t Wr Wrcssurc Ucdmy Dcmn Dmk Ucdmy Dow D`b`t ^cbpcrmturc Foatrod Dow D`b`t ^cbpcrmturc Ucdmy Dow O`d Wrcssurc D`kjt Dow O`d Wrcssurc Ucdmy Dow O`d Wr Wrcssurc Vw`tfj Dow O`d ^cbpcrmturc D`kjt Dow O`d ^cbpcrmturc Ucdmy Dow O`d ^c ^cbpcrmturc Vw`tfj Dow W Wdd ma mat M` M`r Wr Wrcssurc V Vw w` ttf fj Dow Wrcssurc Futohh Dow Wrcssurc Vw`tfj Dow Vtc tcm mb Wrcs rcssurc surc Mdmrb dmrb Uc Ucdm dmy y Dow V Vttcmb W Wrrcssurc F Fo oatrod Dow Vtcmb Wrcssurc D`kjt Dow Vtcmb Wrcssurc Ucdmy Dow Vtcmb Wrcssurc Vw`tfj Dmbp ^cst Vw`tfj Dow [mtcr Mdmrb Dow [mtcr Mdmrb Ucdmy Dow [mtcr Futohh Dow [mtcr Hdow D`kjt Dow [mtcr D`kjt Dow [mtcr Ucdmy Dow [mtcr Ucsct Ucdmy B B`dd`-mbp Bmaumd - Mutobmt`f Vw`tfj B`frobctcr Bonudmt`ak Foatrod Bmaumd Foatrod Vw`tfj Bonudmt`ak Nmbpcr Botor Bo Bonu nudm dmt` t`ak ak Nm Nmbp bpcr cr Bo Boto torr Mux` Mux`d` d`mr mry y Vw`tf Vw`tfj j Bmaumd Hd Hdmbc Fo Foatrod ((W Wotcat`obctcr) B` B`a` a`bu bub bH Hdu duc cK Kms ms ^cbp ^cbpcr crmt mtur urc cV Vw` w`tf tfj j Bm`a Hucd Xmdvc D`kjt Botor`zcn H Hc ccn [ [m mtcr Xm Xmdvc Bm`a Kms Xmdvc Bm Bm`a `a Kms Kms Xm Xmdv dvc cM Mux ux`d `d`m `mrry Vw Vw`t `tf fj Bm Bm`a `a Kms Kms X Xm mdv dvc c Cac Cacrk rk`z `zcn cn D`kj D`kjtt Bm`a Kms Xcat Xmdvc Bonudmt`ak Dcvcd Foatrod Bobcatmry Bm`a O`d Xmdvc Bm Bm`a `a O`d O`d X Xm mdv dvc cM Mux ux`d `d`m `mrry Vw` Vw`tf tfj j Bm Bm`a `a O`d O`d Xm Xmdv dvc c Cac Cacrk rk`z `zcn cn D`k D`kjt Bonudmt`ak Wrcssurc Foatrod Bm`a Wowcr F`rfu`t Ercmlcr Bmaumd Wos`t`oa`ak Wotcat`obctcr Bmaumd Ucsct Bonudmt`ak ^ ^c cbpcrmturc Fo Foatrod Bmlc-Sp Xmdvc Mftumtor A Ncaotcs Amturmd Kms Cqu`pbcat (Wrch`x) Aorbmddy Fdoscn Aorbmddy Opca Ao Hdow D`kjt

BACBOA@F AHU AK AKJ JWX ONM ONB ON ONBM BMV V ONB^ ONV OJ OJFE OJH OJU OJV OJ^ ODF ODWF OD‐V OD^F OBWB OBWB OB WBH H OOD OWB OWBF OWBFE E OWBH OWBV OWWB OWU OWUD OWUV OWV OWVW OWVWB B OWX OU OUX OVOX OVWV OVV O^ O^V OX OXMV OXCD W WMM WMMVX WMWV WF WFD WFU WHFF WHHD WHHU WHWV WJKW WJKWV V W@WD W@V WDF WDKW WDKWV V

NCVFU@W^@OA Ao Hdow Ucdmy Am Amtu turrmd Kms Kms J Jou ous` s`a ak Wur Wurkc kc Xm Xmdv dvc c O Outdct Nmbpcr Mftumtor Outdct Nmbpcr Botor Ou Outd tdct ct Nmbp Nmbpcr cr Boto Botorr M Mux ux`d `d`m `mry ry Vw Vw`t `tfj fj Outdct N Nm mbpcr B Bo otor ^ ^rrmasho horrbcr O`d Nrmwcr Vw`tfj O`d Jcmtcr O`d Jcmtcr F`rfu`t Ercmlcr O`d Jcmtcr Huscs O`d Jcmtcr Ucdmy O`d Jcmtcr Vw`tfj O`d Jcmtcr ^jcrbostmt Opcrmt`ak D`b`t Foatrod Opcrmt`ak D`b`t Wrcssurc Foatr tro od ^jcrbmd Ovcrdomns Opcrmt`ak D D``b`t ^c ^cbpcrmturc F Fo oatrod O`d B Bc ctcr`ak W Wu ubp Bo Botor O`d O`d B Bc ctc tcrr`ak `ak W Wu ubp Bo Boto torr Hu Husc O`d Opcrmt`oa D`kjt O`d Wubp Botor O`d O`d Wub Wubp pB Bot otor or F`r `rfu fu`t `t Er Ercm cml lcr O`d Wubp Botor Huscs O`d Wubp Botor Vtmrtcr O`d Wurkc Wubp Botor O@d Wurkc Ucdmy O`d Wubp Uuaa`ak D`kjt O`d Wrcssurc Vcasor O`d Wubp Vw`tfj O`d O`d Wu Wubp bp Vup upp pdy Wubp Wubp Bo Boto torr O`d Wurkc Xmdvc O`d Ucdmy O`d Uctura Xmdvc O`d Vjutohh Xmdvc O5 Vct Wo`at Vw`tfj O`d Vcdcftor Vw`tfj Outnoor ^jcrbostmt O`d ^cbpcrmturc Vcasor O`d Xmdvc O`d Xmdvc Mux`d`mry Vw`tfj O`d Xmdvc Cacrk`zcn D`kjt W Ncaotcs Wropmac Kms Cqu`pbcat (Wrch`x) Wdmat dmat M M`r `r Mtob Mtob`z `z`a `ak kV Vo odcao dcao`n `n Xmdvc mdvc Wurkc M`r Wrov`ak Vw`tfj Wubp Foatrod Wurkc Fobpdctc D`kjt Wubp Foatrod Ucdmy Wowcr H Hm mftor F Fo orrcft`oa F Fm mpmf`tor W`dot Hd Hdmbc H Hm m`durc D D``kjt W`dot Hdmbc Hm`durc Ucdmy Wos`t`vc Huramfc Wrcssurc Vw`tfj W`do `dot J J`k `kj j Km Kms W Wrc rcs ssu surrc Vw Vw`tf `tfj Wurkc `a Wrokrcss D`kjt W`dot @ka`t`oa Vw`tfj Wrokrmbbmedc Dok`f Foatroddcr W`do `dot Do Dow w Kms Wrc rcs ssu surrc Vw Vw`t `tf fj

H`kurc9 >-= Cdcftr`fmd Aobcafdmturc (Foat`aucn)

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Fjmptcr >

BACBOA@F

VC]SCAFC OH OWCUM^@OA

NCVFU@W^@OA

BACBOA@F

WOD WOX WWD WWU WW^N WU WUD

Wowcr Oa D`kjt W`dot O`d Xmdvc Wrc-Wurk`ak D`kjt Wost Wurkc Ucdmy Wost Wurkc ^`bc Ncdmy Wrokrmb Ucdmy Wurkc Ucmny D`kjt

V^D[U

WUW^N WU WUW^N WV WVH WVV WVX W^ W^V WSFU WSU

Wrc-Wurkc ^`bc Ncdmy Wrokrmb Ucdmy Wcr-Wurkc ^`bc Ncdmy Wowcr Vuppdy Wowcr Vuppdy Husc Wubp Vcdcftor Vw`tfj Wurkc Vodcao`n Xmdvc Wurkc ^`bcr Wubp ^rmashcr Vw`tfj Wurkc Fobpdctc Ucdmy Wurkc Ucdmy

^FU ^N ^NMV ^H[U ^WD ^WB ^W ^WBF BFE E ^WBH ^WBV ^WV

U Ucn (Fodor oh W`dot D`kjt) Ucbotc Mdmrb Ucdmy Ucbotc M Mddmrb ^` ^`bc N Nc cdmy Ucs`stor

SXHN

U UMU UM^N UCV UBD UBU UV UVU U^N

(^.F.) (^.O.) ^E ^/F ^F

VEHWD VEHWB VE VEHWB HWBFE FE VE VEHW HWBH BH VEHW VEHWBV BV VEOX VEWV VEU VF VF^V

Uua Bonc D`kjt Ucdcmsc ^o Bonudmtc Ucdmy Umakc Vw`tfj Ucbotc Vtmrt Ucdmy Ucs`stmafc ^ ^c cbpcrmturc N Nc ctcftor V Vtman Ey Hccn Wubp D`kjt Vtman Ey Hccn Wubp Botor Vtm Vtman an Ey Hc Hccn cn Wu Wubp bp Bot Botor or F`rfu` F`rfu`tt Erc Ercmlc mlcrr Vt Vtma man nE Ey y Hcc Hccn nW Wub ubp pB Bot otor or Hu Husc scs s Vtma Vtman n Ey Hccn Hccn Wubp Wubp Bo Boto torr Vtmr Vtmrtc tcrr Vurhmfc Edow Ohh Xmdvc Vootedowcr Wrcssurc Vw`tfj Vootedowcr Ucdmy Vfmaacr Vupcrv`sory Fofl ^cst Vw`tfj

VND VJ^ VJX VDFD VW@U VWV VV VVF VVD VVU VVX V^J[F ^J[F V^J[D ^J[D V^J[U ^J[U V^D[ ^D[F V^D[D

Vtcmb Ncbman D`kjt Vtcmb Jcmtcr ^jcrbostmt Vtcmb Jcmtcr Xmdvc Vmhcty D`b`ts Fobpdctc D`kjt Vmhcty Wubp @atcrdofl Ucdmy Vtcmb Wrcssurc Vcasor Vcdcftor Vw`tfj Vcqucaf`ak Vtcp Foatroddcr Vmhcty Vjutnowa D`kjt Vod`n Vtmtc Ucdmy VpmaVodcao`n Ucdmy Vurk Vurkc c^ ^ma mal l J`k J`kj j [m [mtcr tcr Foa Foatr trod od Vurk Vurkc c ^mal ^mal J` J`kj kj [mtc [mtcrr D`kjt `kjt Vurk Vurkc c ^mal ^mal J` J`kj kj [mtc [mtcrr Ucdmy cdmy Vurk Vurkc c ^mal ^mal Do Dow w [mtc [mtcrr Foa oatr trod od Vurkc ^mal Dow [mtcr tcr D`kjt

X XNU [ [F [FE [F ENV [H [HAD [DF [O [^V P

NCVFU@W^@OA Vurkc ^m ^mal D Do ow [m [mtcr U Uc cdmy ^ ^`bcn Fdoscn ^`bcn Opca ^crb`amd Edofl ^jcrbofoupdc ^`bc Fdofl ^`bc Fdofl Ucdmy ^`bc Ncdmy ^`bc Ncdmy Mux`d`mry Vw`tfj ^rmas`stor`zcn H Hc ccnwmtcr U Uc cdmy ^rmashcr Wubp D`kjt ^rmashcr Wubp Botor ^rma ^rmash shcr cr Wu Wubp bp Boto Botorr F`rf F`rfu` u`tt Er Ercm cmlc lcrr ^rmashcr Wubp Botor Huscs ^rmashcr Wubp Botor Vtmrtcr ^rmashcr Wubp Vw`tfj S Sdtrm-X`odct Hdmbc Nctcftor X Xodtbctcr Xodtmkc N`hhcrcat`md Ucdmy [ [j`tc (Fodor oh W`dot D`kjt) [mtcr Foduba [mt mtc cr F Fod odub uba a Edo Edow w No Nowa Vw` w`tf tfj j [mtcr Hccncr [mtcr Hdow Aorbmd D`kjt [mtcr Dcvcd Foatrod Ncaotcs [m [mstc O` O`d C Cq qu`pbcat ((W Wrch`x) [mtcr ^cbpcrmturc Vcasor P Pcddow (Fodor oh W`dot D`kjt)

H`kurc9 >-= Cdcftr`fmd Aobcafdmturc (Foat`aucn)

>-:

 

   

       

;37-0=

   

FJMW^CU 3 V^MU^@AK MAN OWCUM^@AK @AV^USF^@OAV M. Kcacrmd Wrcpmrmt`oa Wrcpmrmt`oa hor Vt Vtmrt-up mrt-up - Mdd Hucds . . . . . . . . 3-= E. Foatrod Vctt`aks-Vtcmb Vctt`aks-Vtcmb man Jot [ [mtcr mtcr . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-5 F. Kms W`dot W`dot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-6 N. Mtob`z` Mtob`z`ak ak M`r . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-6 C. H`r`ak Wrcpmrmt`oas Wrcpmrmt`oas hor Ao. 5 O`d (Vcr`cs (Vcr`cs =77-577) . . . 3-> H. H`r`ak Wrcpmrmt`oas Wrcpmrmt`oas hor Ao. 8 O`d (Vcr`cs >77-877) >77-877) . . . 3-3 K. H`r`ak Wrcpmrmt`oas hor Kms (Vcr`cs 577->77-;77) . . . . 3-; J. @HKU Vctup Vctup man man Opcr Opcrmt`oa mt`oa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-: @. Vtmrt-up, Opcrmt`ak man Vjutnowa - Mdd Hucds . . . . . . 3-=7 I. Foatrod Opcrmt`oamd Opcrmt`oamd ^ ^csts csts man Fjcfls . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-==

Aotc9 @h your eo`dcr `s cqu`ppcn w`tj m FEJM[ L ℥ e o ` d c r b m a m k c b c a t f o a t r o d systcb, rchcr to FE-JM[L @astmddmt`oa,

Fjcfl rcsct oh mdd stmrtcrs man foatrods jmv`ak bmaumd rcsct hcmturcs. Fjcfl tjc doflout sw`tfj oa tjc prokrmbbcr man rcsct `h acfcssmry.

Opcrmt`ak man Vcrv`f`ak Bmaumd Ao. ;37=66 hor spcf`﬍f `ahorbmt`oa rckmrn`ak profcnurcs ncsfr`ecn `a scft`oa M.

^jc eo`dcr sjoudn ec ﬍ddcn w`tj wmtcr to tjc propcr opcrmt`ak dcvcd us`ak wmtcr oh mbe`cat tcbpcrmturc. Ec surc tjmt trcmtcn hccnwmtcr `s mvm`dmedc man uscn. @a jcmt`ak mppd`fmt`oas, tjc cat`rc systcb sjoudn ec ﬍ddcn man vcatcn. Uchcr to Fjmptcr 6 hor wmtcr rcqu`rcbcats. Oa m stcmb eo`dcr, opca tjc tcst vmdvc (H`kurc =-;) to vcat m`r n`spdmfcn nur`ak ﬍dd`ak. Dcmvc tjc tcst vmdvc opca uat`d tjc csfmpc oh stcmb `s aotcn mhtcr tjc euracr `s opcrmt`ak.

M. KCACUMD WUCWMUM WUCWMUM^@OA ^@OA HOU V^MU^-SW, MDD HSCDV @astruft`oas `a Fjmptcr 3 mrc mdd emscn upoa `astmddmt`oa ec`ak fobpdctc man mdd cdcftr`fmd, hucd, wmtcr man vcat stmfl  foaacft`oas mrc bmnc. ^jc opcrmtor sjoudn ec hmb`d`mr w`tj tjc euracr, eo`dcr, man mdd foatrods man fobpoacats. ^o qu`fldy dofmtc man `ncat`hy tjc vmr`ous foatrods man fobpoacats bcat`oacn `a tjc hoddow`ak pmrmkrmpjs, rchcr to tjc `ddustrmt`oas man tjc foatcats oh Fjmptcrs =, 5 man 6. @astruft`oas hor mniust`ak bmior fobpoacats mrc k`vca `a Fjmptcr 8 tj`s sjoudn ec rcv`cwcn pr`or to ﬍r`ak. ^jc w`r`ak n`mkrmb sjoudn mdso jmvc ecca stun`cn, mdoak w`tj tjc ﬍r`ak scqucafc outd`acn `a Fjmptcr >.

! [MUA@AK NMAKCU Wr`or to ﬍r`ak m eo`dcr, ec surc tjmt n`sfjmrkc p`p`ak hrob smhcty vmdvcs or rcd`ch vmdvcs, man n`sfjmrkc p`p`ak hrob mdd edownowa man nrm`a vmdvcs, `s p`pcn to m VMHC po`at oh n`sfjmrkc, so tjmt cb`ss`oa oh jot wmtcr or stcmb fmaaot poss`edy fmusc `aiury. Hm`durc to hoddow tjcsc `astruft`oas foudn rcsudt `a scr`ous pcrsoamd `aiury or ncmtj

! [MUA@AK NMAKCU Fjcfl mdd d`almkc hor hudd man hrcc bovcbcat oh tjc nmbpcr man bctcr`ak vmdvcs man fmbs. ^jc fjcfl fma ec noac ey doosca`ak tjc d`almkc mt tjc nmbpcr botor foaacft`ak mrb man bma`pudmt`ak tjc d`almkc ey jman.

@t `s rcfobbcancn tjmt tjc stmrt`ak `astruft`oas ec rcmn fobpdctcdy uat`d tjcy mrc tjoroukjdy uancrstoon, echorc mttcbpt`ak to opcrmtc tjc eo`dcr, rmtjcr tjma pcrhorb`ak cmfj opcrmt`oa ms `t `s rcmn hor tjc ﬍rst t`bc. Hm`durc to hoddow tjcsc `astruft`oas foudn rcsudt `a scr`ous

Fjcfl hor rotmt`oa oh mdd botors ey bobcatmr`dy fdos`ak tjc botor stmrtcr or rcdmy. rcdmy. ^jc edowcr `bpcddcr rotmt`oa `s fouatcrfdoflw`sc wjca v`cwcn hrob tjc hroat oh tjc eo`dcr. ^jc m`r

pcrsoamd `aiury or ncmtj

pubp rotmt`oa `s fdoflw`sc wjca v`cwcn hrob `ts nr`vc can.

Xcr`hy suppdy oh hucd man propcr vodtmkc. Fjcfl hor edowa huscs, opca f`rfu`t ercmlcrs, nroppcn out ovcrdomns, ctf.

Echorc opcrmt`ak tjc eo`dcr hccn pubp or o`d suppdy pubp, ec surc mdd vmdvcs `a tjc d`ac mrc opca or propcrdy pos`t`oacn.

;37-0=

 

3-=

                                 

Fjmptcr 3

V^MU^@AK MAN OWCUM^@AK @AV^USF^@OAV

E. FOA^UOD VC^^@AKV - V^CMB MAN JO^ [ [M M^CU

Hor smhcty rcmsoas, pcrhorb m ﬍amd prc-stmrtup `aspcft`oa, cspcf`mddy fjcfl`ak hor may doosc or `afobpdctc p`p`ak or w`r`ak or may otjcr s`tumt`oas tjmt b`kjt prcscat m jmzmrn.

Vcc Fjmptcr 8 hor mniustbcat `astruft`oas hor tjc hoddow`ak foatrods. @aspcft tjc opcrmt`ak d`b`t foatrod hor propcr sctt`ak. HMA BO^OU UO^M^@OA

=.

^jc prcss prcssurc urc foatrod foatrod oh oh m stcmb eo`dcr eo`dcr sj sjoudn oudn ec ssct ct

FOSA^CUFDOFL[@VC

sd`kjtdy meovc tjc j`kjcst ncs`rcn prcssurc, dcmst =7% dowcr tjma tjc sctt`ak ohstcmb tjc smhcty vmdvc.eut mt 5.

^jc tcbpc tcbpcrmtur rmturcc foatrod foatrod oa m jot w wmtcr mtcr eo`d eo`dcr cr sjoudn sjoudn ec sct sd`kjtdy meovc tjc j`kjcst ncs`rcn wmtcr tcbpcrmturc man w`tj`a tjc d`b`ts oh tjc prcssurc vcsscd.

@aspcft tjc j`kj d`b`t foatrod hor propcr sctt`ak. =.

Oa m j`kj j`kj prc prcssurc ssurc stcmb eo`dc eo`dcr, r, tjc foatro foatrodd sjo sjoudn udn ec ec sct mpprox`bmtcdy =7 ps`k meovc tjc opcrmt`ak d`b`t prcssurc foatrod sctt`ak, `h hcms`edc, or b`nwmy ectwcca tjc opcrmt`ak d`b`t prcssurc man tjc smhcty vmdvc sctt`ak. ^jc sctt`ak oa m dow prcssurc stcmb eo`dcr bmy ec 5 o r 6 ps`k meovc tjc opcrmt`ak d`b`t sctt`ak, eut bust aot cxfccn tjc smhcty vmdvc sctt`ak.

5.

Oa m jot jot wm wmtcr tcr eo`dc eo`dcr, r, tjc j`kj j`kj dd`b`t `b`t tcbpcrmt tcbpcrmturc urc foatro foatrodd sjoudn ec 3-=7·H meovc tjc opcrmt`ak d`b`t tcbpcrmturc foatrod sctt`ak eut w`tj`a tjc d`b`ts oh tjc ncs`ka prcssurc oh tjc prcssurc vcsscd.

H`kurc9 3-= Hma Botor

@aspcft tjc bonudmt`ak foatrod hor propcr sctt`ak. ^jc foatrod bust ec sct man mniustcn so tjmt tjc bonudmt`ak botor rcturas to dow ﬍rc pos`t`oa echorc tjc opcrmt`ak d`b`t foatrod opcas. @t `s hurtjcr ncs`rmedc to jmvc `ts dow po`at sctt`ak sobcwjmt ecdow tjc fut-`a sctt`ak oh tjc d`b`t foatrod so tjmt tjc euracr opcrmtcs `a dow ﬍rc pos`t`oa hor m er`ch pcr`on oa cmfj stmrt rmtjcr tjma `bbcn`mtcdy nr`v`ak to m j`kj ﬍rc pos`t`oa.

M@U FOBWUCVVOU UO^M^@OA FDOFL[@VC HUOB NU@XC CAN

H`kurc9 3-5 M`r Fobprcssor Aotc9 ^jc prcssurc vcsscd support dcks mrc wcdncn to bouat`ak sl`ns `a hroat man scfurcn ey eodts mt tjc rcmr oh tjc prcssurc vcsscd. ^jc eodts mrc t`kjtcacn hor sj`pbcat. [jca tjc eo`dcr `s `astmddcn, man pr`or to `a`t`md ﬍r`ak, tjc eodts scfur`ak tjc rcmr dcks to tjc sl`n bust ec dooscacn to mddow hor cxpmas`oa man foatrmft`oa fmuscn ey n`hhcrcafcs `a tcbpcrmturc ectwcca prcssurc vcsscd man sl`ns man to mvo`n nmbmkc to tjc cqu`pbcat.

Aotc9 ^jc sctt`aks oh mdd tjc meovc foatrods bmy rcqu`rc sobc rcmniustbcat mhtcr tjc eo`dcr `s stmrtcn man ruaa`ak hor m sjort pcr`on. ^jc sfmdc sctt`aks oa tjc foatrods mrc rcdmt`vcdy mffurmtc, eut mrc pr`af`pmddy hor usc ms ku`ncs. H`amd mniustbcat sjoudn ec emscn oa man mkrcc w`tj tjc rcmn`ak oh tjc stcmb prcssurc kmukc or tjc wmtcr tcbpcrmturc tjcrbobctcr. tjcrbobctcr. @aspcft tjc dow-wmtcr futohh man pubp foatrod ms wcdd ms tjc mux`d`mry dow-wmtcr futohh (`h cqu`ppcn w`tj tj`s opt`oamd ncv`fc). Fjcfl hor hrccnob oh ſtomt bovcbcat. Hdomt bovcbcat fma ec vcr`﬍cn ey oescrv`ak tjc dcvcd oh wmtcr `a tjc kmukc kdmss wjca tjc wmtcr suppdy jms ecca fut ohh c`tjcr ey tjc stopp`ak oh tjc hccn pubp or ey tjc fdos`ak oh m vmdvc, man tjc rcstmrt`ak oh tjc pubp or opca`ak oh tjc vmdvc wjca wmtcr `s nrm`acn hrob tjc prcssurc vcsscd. ^jc `bportmafc oh  propcr huaft`oa`ak oh dow-wmtcr foatrods fmaaot ec ovcrcbpjms`zcn. Ec surc tjmt tjc foatrod man tjc p`p`ak `s dcvcd.

3-5

 

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V^MU^@AK MAN OWCUM^@AK @AV^USF^@OAV

Fjmptcr 3

^jc sctt`aks oh foatrods rcdmt`ak to hucd, c`tjcr o`d or kms, mrc fovcrcn `a suescqucat scft`oas. @a tjc cvcat tjc eo`dcr `s cqu`ppcn w`tj opt`oamd foatrod ncv`fcs aot d`stcn jcrc, ec fcrtm`a to msfcrtm`a tjmt tjc`r sctt`aks mrc forrcft. @h mnn`t`oamd `ahorbmt`oa `s rcqu`rcn, scc your dofmd Fdcmvcr-Erools mutjor`zcn rcprcscatmt`vc or foatmft Fdcmvcr Fdcmvcr-Erools. -Erools.

5

=

Oa `a`t`md stmrt-up or wjcacvcr tjc eo`dcr `s pdmfcn `ato opcrmt`oa hrob m —fodn‒ stmrt, tjc bmaumd-mutobmt`f scdcftor sw`tfj sjoudn ec sct mt —bmaumd‒ man tjc bmaumd ſtmbc foatrod sct mt —fdosc.‒ Mhtcr tjc eo`dcr `s `a opcrmt`oa man tjoroukjdy wmrbcn, tjc scdcftor sw`tfj sjoudn ec turacn to —mutobmt`f,‒ so tjmt tjc euracr ﬍r`ak rmtc bmy ec foatroddcn ey tjc bonudmt`ak foatrod `a mffornmafc w`tj domn ncbmans.

3

Fdosc mdd powcr catrmafc sw`tfjcs (suppd`cn ey otjcrs).

F. KMV W@DO^

> 6

=. ESUACU NUM[CU DOFL@AK W@A 5. HDMBC X@C[ WOU^ 6. HSCD O@D D@AC >. M^OB@Y@AK M@U D@AC 3. BONSDM^@AK M@U NMBWCU FMB

^jc kms p`dot sjoudn ec fjcflcn hor smt`shmftory pcrhorbmafc pr`or to `a`t`md ﬍r`ak. Hoddow tjc p`dot ſtmbc mniustbcat `astruft`oas k`vca `a Fjmptcr 8. Oa `a`t`md stmrt`ak mttcbpts, scvcrmd chhor chhorts ts b`kjt ec rcqu`rcn to huddy edccn tjc p`dot d`ac. [j`dc fjcfl`ak p`dot mniustbcat, oescrvc wjctjcr tjc p`dot ſtmbc `s cxt`aku`sjcn probptdy wjca tjc euracr sw`tfj `s opcacn. M d`akcr`ak ſtmbc `an`fmtcs m dcml`ak kms p`dot vmdvc, wj`fj `s m foan`t`oa rcqu`r`ak forrcft`oa echorc profccn`ak.

N. M^OB@Y@AK M@U ^jc suppdy man prcssurc oh tjc mtob`z`ak m`r oa ma o`d-﬍rcn euracr sjoudn ec fjcflcn. Echorc stmrt`ak, `aspcft tjc o`d pubp duec o`d dcvcd. Mnn o`d `h acfcssmry to er`ak tjc dcvcd to tjc b`n-po`at or sd`kjtdy j`kjcr oh tjc s`kjt kdmss. Ssc VMC 57 nctcrkcat o`d oh m krmnc bcat`oacn `a Fjmptcr : man ﬍dd `a mffornmafc w`tj `astruft`oas k`vca tjcrc. Fjcfl tjc o`d dcvcd oh tjc m`r `atmlc strm`acr. ^o vcr`hy m`r ſtow man prcssurc, pdmfc tjc euracr rua/tcst sw`tfj oa tjc prokrmb rcdmy to tjc tcst pos`t`oa. @h tjc euracr `s m fobe`amt`oa hucd euracr, ec surc tjmt tjc kms/o`d scdcftor sw`tfj `s sct to —o`d.‒ ^ura tjc euracr sw`tfj oa. ^jc euracr w`dd fyfdc to tjc dow ﬍rc prc-purkc pos`t`oa man stop tjcrc. Oescrvc tjc rcmn`ak oa tjc m`r prcssurc kmukc (H`kurc 3-6). [`tj ao o`d ſtow, tjc prcssurc sjoudn ec m b`a`bub oh ; ps`. @h tjcrc `s ao prcssurc, nctcrb`ac tjc fmusc man forrcft `t echorc profccn`ak. Fjcfl hor oestruft`oas `a tjc m`r `adct d`ac, `aforrcft rotmt`oa (m`r pubp rotmt`oa `s fdoflw`sc), or m doosc o`d aozzdc or otjcr dcmls. @h tjc prcssurc `s bufj j`kjcr w`tjout may o`d ſtow, fjcfl hor oestruft`oa `a tjc n`sfjmrkc d`ac or mt tjc o`d aozzdc. ^jc m`r prcssurc w`dd `afrcmsc wjca ma o`d ſtow cx`sts. Mt dow dow ﬍r`ak rmtc, tjc m`r prcssurc bmy r`sc to =5 ps` or borc.

=7 8

:

; 0

8. M^OB@Y@AK M@U WUCVVSUC KMSKC ;. O@D NUM[CU V[@^FJ :. O@D NUM[CU DM^FJ 0. @KA@^@OA CDCF^UONC =7. VFMAACU H`kurc9 3-6 Euracr Nrmwcr [`tj Kua Wos`t`oacn Hor H`r`ak O`d.

;37-0=

3-6

                              

 

Fjmptcr 3

V^MU^@AK MAN OWCUM^@AK @AV^USF^@OAV ec cstmed`sjcn ms outd`acn `a Vcft`oa N. ^jc sfjcbmt`f ſtow n`mkrmb (H`kurc 5-=0) `an`fmtcs tjc ſtow oh hucd man mtob`z`ak m`r. @h tjc euracr `s m fobe`amt`oa hucd boncd, ec fcrtm`a tjmt tjc bm`a kms sjutohh fofl `s fdoscn man sct tjc kms/o`d scdcftor sw`tfj to —o`d.‒ @ascrt tjc euracr nrmwcr kua `ato `ts bost horwmrn pos`t`oa man dmtfj `t `a pdmfc (scc H`kurc 3-8).

M@U @A^MLC V^UM@ACU

O@D DCXCU

H`kurc9 3-> Mtob`z`ak M`r Fobprcssor

Aotc9 ^jc m`r prcssurc sjoudn aot cxfccn 63 ps` mt j`kj ﬍rc. Krcmtcr m`r prcssurc fmuscs cxfcss`vc wcmr oh tjc m`r pubp, `afrcmscs duec o`d usmkc, man fma ovcrdomn tjc botor, tjus fmus`ak nmbmkc to tjc cqu`pbcat.

Aotc9 Meaorbmddy j`kj prcssurc `an`fmtcn oa tjc aozzdc m`r prcssurc kmukc `s ma `an`fmt`oa tjmt tjc euracr aozzdc jms ecfobc fdokkcn. @a tjc cvcat oh fdokk`ak, fjcfl tjc aozzdc man fdcma ms acfcssmry acfcssmry.. Mhtcr m`r ſtow jms ecca vcr`﬍cn, tura tjc euracr sw`tfj ohh man rctura tjc rua/tcst sw`tfj to tjc rua pos`t`oa.

C. H@U@AK WUCW WUCWMUM MUM^@OAV ^@OAV HOU AO. 5 O@D (VCU@CV =77-577) Wr`or to `a`t`md ﬍r`ak, o`d ſtow man prcssurc sjoudn ec cstmed`sjcn man vcr`﬍cn. Mtob`z`ak m`r prcssurc sjoudn mdso

O@D ESUACU WUCVVSUC KMSKC

H`kurc9 3-3 O`d W`p`ak

O`d Hdow - Opca mdd vmdvcs `a tjc o`d suft`oa man o`d rctura d`acs. @h tjc o`d suppdy tmal `s dofmtcn meovc tjc dcvcd oh tjc pubp man ſtow to tjc pubp `s ey krmv`ty, tjca `t w`dd usumddy ec acfcssmry to vcat tjc suft`oa d`ac to mddow o`d to ﬍dd tjc d`ac. Xcat`ak tjc suft`oa d`ac fma kcacrmddy ec mffobpd`sjcn ey frmfl`ak m ua`oa ﬍tt`ak, or ey opca`ak tjc fmp oh tjc o`d strm`acr us`ak fmrc to prcvcat sp`ddmkc oh o`d. ^`kjtca tjc ﬍tt`ak or tjc fmp ms sooa ms o`d ſtow mppcmrs. @h tjc o`d suppdy tmal `s ecdow tjc dcvcd oh tjc o`d pubp, `t `s BMANM^OUP tjmt tjc suft`oa d`ac to tjc pubp ec fobpdctcdy ﬍ddcn w`tj o`d pr`or to stmrt`ak tjc pubp to mvo`n tjc poss`e`d`ty oh nmbmkc to tjc pubp kcmrs. Aoa-duer`fmt`ak ſtu`ns sufj ms lcroscac sjoudn aot ec uscn hor pr`b`ak. Wr`or pr`b`ak tjcmdd suft`oa d`ac man tjc `a`t`md stmrt, fjcfl to bmlctofcrtm`a tjmt pduks, foaacft`oas, ctf., jmvc ecca scfurcdy t`kjtcacn to prcvcat dcmls. @h tjc hucd o`d suppdy or`k`amtcs hrob m prcssur`zcn doop, `t `s mssubcn tjmt tjc prcssurc oh tjc doop w`dd ec mt m b`a`bub oh  ;3 ps`. Sancr tjcsc foan`t`oas, tjc rcd`ch vmdvc mt tjc tcrb`amd edofl sjoudn ec mniustcn to tjc po`at wjcrc `t ecfobcs `aopcrmt`vc (or rcbovcn man opca`aks pdukkcn). ^o rcancr `aopcrmt`vc, `aopcrmt`v c, tura tjc mniust`ak sfrcw `a ms hmr ms poss`edc. M stmanmrn cqu`ppcn eo`dcr jms m scdcftor sw`tfj `aforpormtcn `a tjc o`d pubp botor stmrtcr. Bobcatmr`dy cacrk`zc tjc stmrtcr to fjcfl hor propcr pubp rotmt`oa. [`tj tjc rotmt`oa vcr`﬍cn, opcrmtc tjc pubp to nctcrb`ac tjmt o`d f`rfudmt`oa cx`sts. Oescrvc tjc o`d euracr prcssurc kmukc hor `an`fmt`oa tjmt ſtow `s cstmed`sjcn. @h ao prcssurc sjows oa tjc kmukc mhtcr m hcw bobcats, stop tjc o`d pubp man rc-pr`bc. @h tjc suppdy tmal `s dowcr tjma tjc pubp, `t `s poss`edc tjmt tjc `a`t`md pr`b`ak oh tjc suft`oa d`ac, hoddowcn ey opcrmt`oa oh  tjc pubp, w`dd aot cstmed`sj o`d ſtow. ^j`s b`kjt ec fmuscn ey oestruft`oa `a tjc suft`oa d`ac, cxfcss`vc d`ht, `amncqumtc pr`b`ak, suft`oa d`ac dcmls, ctf. @h o`d ſtow `s aot rcmn`dy cstmed`sjcn, mvo`n prodoakcn opcrmt`oa oh tjc pubp to b`a`b`zc r`sl oh nmbmkc to `atcramd pmrts oh tjc pubp. @h o`d ſtow `s aot cstmed`sjcn mhtcr m scfoan or tj`rn pr`b`ak mttcbpt, m hudd `avcst`kmt`oa `s rcqu`rcn to nctcrb`ac tjc fmusc. M vmfuub (or m fobpouan prcssurc-vmfuub) kmukc sjoudn ec `astmddcn mt tjc suft`oa port oh tjc pubp man `ts rcmn`ak oescrvcn man rcforncn hor huturc ku`nmafc. @h m vmfuub foan`t`oa cx`sts, tjc rcmn`ak w`dd rcvcmd tjc t`kjtacss oh tjc systcb. `s mnv`smedc to bm`atm`a vmfuub mt dcss tjma =7"@t[F. M vmfuub `a cxfcsstjc oh =7" [F rcmn`ak bmy mddow o`d

3->

;37-0=

                             

 

V^MU^@AK MAN OWCUM^@AK @AV^USF^@OAV

Fjmptcr 3 [jca o`d `s suppd`cn hrob m prcssur`zcn doop to m budt`pdc eo`dcr `astmddmt`oa, tjc rcd`ch vmdvc `a tjc doop sjoudn ec propcrdy mniustcn to prov`nc tj`s rcmn`ak. @a tj`s f`rfubstmafc, tjc rcd`ch vmdvc mt tjc tcrb`amd edofl sjoudn ec mniustcn to tjc po`at wjca `t w`dd ec `aopcrmt`vc (or rcbovcn man opca`aks pdukkcn). ^o rcancr `aopcrmt`vc, tura tjc mniust`ak sfrcw `a ms hmr ms poss`edc. Mniustbcat bmy mdso ec rcqu`rcn to tjc rckudmtor oa tjc hucd o`d foatroddcr (H`kurc 5-=>, 5-=3). ^jc prcssurc rckudmt`ak vmdvc `s cqu`ppcn w`tj tue`ak tjmt n`rcfts man mnns mtob`z`ak m`r prcssurc to tjc mniustmedc spr`ak prcssurc. V`afc tjc m`r pubp `s aot ruaa`ak mt tj`s t`bc, oady tcatmt`vc mniustbcat fma ec bmnc. [`tjout tjc m`r suppdy, mniust tjc hucd o`d prcssurc rckudmtor so tjmt tjc o`d euracr kmukc rck`stcrs mpprox`bmtcdy 63 ps`.

H`kurc9 3-8 Kua Doflcn @a, H`r`ak O`d

^jc prcssurc kmukc w`dd `an`fmtc m j`kjcr rcmn`ak wjca tjc ſtmbc `s prcscat man w`dd `afrcmsc ms tjc ﬍r`ak rmtc `afrcmscs. Mhtcr tjc euracr `s ﬍r`ak man wjca tjc m`r pubp `s ruaa`ak, ﬍amd mniustbcat fma ec bmnc mt tjc hucd o`d foatroddcr. H`amd rckudmt`oa oh o`d ſtow to tjc aozzdc fma ec noac dmtcr, `h  acfcssmry, ey mniust`ak tjc bctcr`ak fmb sfrcws ms outd`acn `a Fjmptcr 8. Vtmrt`ak - [jca mdd tjc foan`t`oas fovcrcn meovc man `a Vcft`oas M, E, F man N mrc mssurcn, tjc euracr `s rcmny hor ﬍r`ak. Uchcr to Vcft`oa J oh Fjmptcr F jmptcr 3 hor hurtjcr stmrt`ak man opcrmt`ak `ahorbmt`oa.

H`kurc9 3-; O`d Nrmwcr Vw`tfj Fdoscn, H`r`ak O`d to vmpor`zc, fmus`ak fmv`tmt`oa, doss oh pr`bc, man uastmedc ﬍r`ak foan`t`oa. O`d Wrcssurc - O`d suppdy prcssurc `s rckudmtcn ey mniust`ak tjc prcssurc rcd`ch vmdvc mt tjc o`d tcrb`amd edofl (H`kurc 5=6). prcssurc kmukc sjoudn ec `astmddcn `a tjc tcrb`amd edoflMman tjc rcd`ch vmdvc mniustcn to oetm`a m b`a`bub rcmn`ak oh ;3 ps` wjca tjc euracr `s ﬍r`ak mt bmx`bub rmtc. WUCVVSUC KMSKC

WUCVVSUC

UCD@CH

MNISV^BCA^

WUCVVSUC ^MW

H`kurc9 3-: Hucd O`d Foatroddcr

KMSKC

H. H@U@AK WUCWMUM^@OA HOU AO. 8 O@D (VCU@CV >77-877) Wr`or to `a`t`md ﬍r`ak, o`d ſtow, prcssurc man tcbpcrmturc sjoudn ec cstmed`sjcn man vcr`﬍cn. Mtob`z`ak m`r prcssurc sjoudn mdso ec cstmed`sjcn ms outd`acn `a Vcft`oa N. ^jc sfjcbmt`f ſtow n`mkrmb (H`kurc 5-=0) `an`fmtcs tjc ſtow oh  hucd man mtob`z`ak m`r. @h tjc eo`dcr `s m fobe`amt`oa hucd boncd, ec fcrtm`a tjmt tjc bm`a kms sjutohh fofl `s fdoscn man sct tjc kms/o`d scdcftor sw`tfj to —o`d.‒ @ascrt tjc euracr nrmwcr kua `ato `ts bost horwmrn pos`t`oa man dmtfj `t `a pdmfc (scc H`kurc 3-8, 3-;). O`d Hdow - Opca mdd vmdvcs `a tjc o`d suft`oa man o`d rctura d`acs. Opca tjc ey-pmss vmdvc oa tjc hucd o`d foatroddcr (H`kurc 3-0) uat`d o`d ſtow `s cstmed`sjcn. Aorbmddy, tjc or`﬍fc vmdvc `s dcht `a m fdoscn pos`t`oa. Jowcvcr, oa fodn stmrts, `t bmy ec opcacn hor er`ch pcr`ons to m`n `a cstmed`sj`ak o`d ſtow. ^jc ey-pmss man or`﬍fc vmdvcs bust ec rcturacn to tjc`r fdoscn pos`t`oas ms sooa ms o`d ſtow `s cstmed`sjcn ms `an`fmtcn ey m rcmn`ak oa tjc o`d suppdy prcssurc kmukc (H`kurcs 3-0 ). No aot mttcbpt to sct prcssurcs wj`dc vmdvcs mrc opca. Bobcatmr`dy cacrk`zc tjc hucd o`d pubp stmrtcr to fjcfl hor propcr pubp rotmt`oa. [`tj tjc rotmt`oa vcr`﬍cn, pr`bc tjc suft`oa d`ac strm`acr w`tj o`d man tura tjc hucd o`d pubp sw`tfj to tjc "OA" pos`t`oa. Fjcfl tjc o`d suppdy prcssurc kmukc hor `an`fmt`oa tjmt o`d ſtow `s cstmed`sjcn. @h ao prcssurc sjows oa tjc kmukc mhtcr m hcw bobcats, stop tjc o`d pubp man rc-

;37-0=

3-3

                              

 

Fjmptcr 3

V^MU^@AK MAN OWCUM^@AK @AV^USF^@OAV

pr`bc. Jcmvy o`d `a tjc stormkc tmal bust ec mt m tcbpcrmturc to prov`nc o`d v`sfos`ty to pcrb`t ſtow tjroukj tjc o`d pubp man suft`oa d`ac. @h o`d ſtow `s aot cstmed`sjcn mhtcr scvcrmd mttcbpts, tjc foan`t`oas prcvcat`ak o`d ſtow bust ec nctcrb`acn man forrcftcn to mvo`n nmbmkc to tjc pubp‐s `atcramd bcfjma`sb. M vmfuub kmukc sjoudn ec `astmddcn `a tjc o`d suft`oa d`ac man `ts rcmn`ak oescrvcn man rcforncn hor huturc ku`nmafc. O`d Wrcssurc - O`d prcssurc `s rckudmtcn mt scvcrmd po`ats. ^jc ﬍rst `s mt tjc rcd`ch vmdvc mt tjc o`d jcmtcr (H`kurcs 5-=;). ^jc rcd`ch vmdvc sjoudn ec sct so tjmt mt bmx`bub ﬍r`ak rmtc m b`a`bub rcmn`ak oh ;3 ps` `s oetm`acn oa tjc o`d suppdy prcssurc kmukc. ^jc otjcr prcssurc mniustbcats mrc to tjc rckudmtors oa tjc hucd o`d foatroddcr (H`kurc 3-:, 3-0). Eotj tjc prcssurc rckudmt`ak man tjc emfl prcssurc rcd`ch vmdvcs mrc cqu`ppcn w`tj tue`ak tjmt n`rcfts man mnns mtob`z`ak m`r prcssurc to tjc mniustmedc spr`ak prcssurc. V`afc tjc m`r pubp `s aot ruaa`ak mt tj`s t`bc, oady tcatmt`vc tcatmt`vc mniustbcats fma ec bmnc. [`tjout tjc m`r suppdy, mniust tjc hucd o`d prcssurc rckudmtor so tjmt tjc euracr o`d kmukc rck`stcrs mpprox`bmtcdy 63 ps`. Mniust tjc emfl prcssurc rcd`ch vmdvc so tjmt `ts kmukc rcmns meout =7 ps` dcss tjma tjc euracr kmukc. Mhtcr tjc euracr `s ﬍r`ak, hurtjcr mniustbcats fma ec bmnc, `h  acfcssmry, to tjc vmdvcs. ^jc prcssurc kmukcs w`dd `an`fmtc j`kjcr rcmn`aks wjca m ſtmbc `s prcscat. ^jc prcssurc w`dd `afrcmsc ms tjc ﬍r`ak rmtc `afrcmscs. ^jc prcssurc rcmn`ak oa tjc two kmukcs oa tjc foatroddcr w`dd, ncsp`tc tjc ſtuftumt`oa, rctm`a m acmrdy foastmat n`hhcrcafc oh =7 ps`. H`amd rckudmt`oa oh o`d ſtow to tjc aozzdc fma ec noac, `h  acfcssmry, ey mniust`ak tjc bctcr`ak fmb sfrcws ms outd`acn `a Fjmptcr 8. O`d ^cbpcrmturc -

Vukkcstcn o`d prcssurcs mt j`kj ﬍rc opcrmt`oa9 O`d Vuppdy mt tjc Hucd O`d Foatroddcr O`d Euracr Wrcssurc Kmukc

;3 ps` 67->3 ps`

! FMS^@OA NMAKCU Echorc tura`ak oa tjc cdcftr`f o`d jcmtcr  sw`tfj, ec fcrtm`a tjmt tjc jcmtcr sjcdd `s  ﬍ddcn w`tj hucd o`d man tjc ſtow `s cstme-  d`sjcn. Hm`durc to hoddow tjcsc `astruft`oas  foudn rcsudt `a cqu`pbcat nmbmkc. Mhtcr nctcrb`a`ak tjmt tjc jcmtcr sjcdd `s ﬍ddcn man tjmt hucd o`d f`rfudmt`oa cx`sts, tura tjc o`d jcmtcr sw`tfj to —oa.‒ Mniust tjc cdcftr`f o`d jcmtcr tjcrbostmt (H`kurcs 5-=;) to bm`atm`a o`d tcbpcrmturc mt mpprox`bmtcdy 577 ·H.

H`kurc9 3-0 Jcmvy O`d Hucd Foatroddcr  ^jc cdcftr`f jcmtcr oa euracrs cqu`ppcn hor Ao. 8 hucd o`d `s s`zcn so tjmt `t `s fmpmedc oh suppdy`ak jcmtcn o`d mt m rmtc ao krcmtcr tjma tjmt rcqu`rcn hor dow ﬍rc opcrmt`oa man `s pr`bmr`dy suppd`cn hor foavca`cafc oa fodn stmrts. Jcmt`ak fo`ds ut`d`z`ak c`tjcr stcmb or jot wmtcr mrc suppd`cn to prov`nc suh﬍f`cat jcmt so tjmt j`kjcr rmtcs oh ﬍r`ak fma ec mffobpd`sjcn oafc stcmb prcssurc orkovcra`ak jot wmtcr `s mvm`dmedc. @a aorbmd opcrmt`oa, tjc tjcrbostmt tjc cdcftr`f jcmt`ak cdcbcat `s lcpt mt m dowcr sctt`ak tjma tjc tjcrbostmt kovcra`ak mnb`ss`oa oh stcmb to tjc jcmtcr, or oh jot wmtcr f`rfudmt`oa, so tjmt jcmt`ak `s aot pcrhorbcn cdcftr`fmddy cxfcpt wjca stcmb or jot wmtcr `s aot mvm`dmedc. Vct tjc stcmb tjcrbostmt (H`kurc 5-=;) or tjc jot wmtcr tjcrbostmt (H`kurc 5-=;) to bm`atm`a ma o`d tcbpcrmturc oh  5 5 7 - 5 6 7 · H . ^ j c c d c f t r ` f j c m t c r w` d d e c t u r a c n o h h   mutobmt`fmddy ms sooa ms stcmb or jot wmtcr prov`ncs jcmt.

Aotc9 ^jc tcbpcrmturcs d`stcn mrc tcatmt`vc. ^jc fobpos`t`oa oh tjc hucd o`d `a m k`vca krmnc fma vmry, acfcss`tmt`ak m j`kjcr or dowcr prcjcmt`ak tcbpcrmturc. ^jc v`sfos`ty oh tjc o`d mt tjc aozzdc sjoudn ec dcss tjma 677 VVS man prchcrmedy dcss tjma =37 VVS. ^jc mftumd tcbpcrmturc oh tjc o`d mt tjc euracr sjoudn ec nctcrb`acn ey ſtmbc mppcmrmafc man koon fobeust`oa emscn oa m stmfl mamdys`s. Vcc Fjmptcr 3 hor mnn`t`oamd `ahorbmt`oa. Fdosc tjc bmaumd ey-pmss vmdvc mhtcr tjc tcbpcrmturc r`sc oa tjc hucd o`d foatroddcr tjcrbobctcr `s aotcn. Ec fcrtm`a tjmt jot o`d `s bov`ak tjroukj tjc foatroddcr. foatroddcr. ^jc or`﬍fc kmtc vmdvc bust mdso ec fdoscn. @h tjc tcbpcrmturc nrops, opca tjc or`﬍fc kmtc vmdvc uat`d m r`sc `s aotcn, tjca fdosc `t. Oafc tjc forrcft sctt`ak oh tjc jcmtcr tjcrbostmts jms ecca cstmed`sjcn, sct tjc dow o`d tcbpcrmturc sw`tfj (H`kurcs 5-=;) mt tjc po`at mpprox`bmtcdy 67 · H dowcr tjma tjc aorbmd eura`ak tcbpcrmturc. @h tjc systcb `s cqu`ppcn w`tj m j`kj o`d tcbpcrmturc sw`tfj, `t sjoudn ec sct to opca mt 57 -67 ·H j`kjcr tjma aorbmd eura`ak tcbpcrmturc.

3-8

;37-0=

                 

 

V^MU^@AK MAN OWCUM^@AK @AV^USF^@OAV

Vtmrt`ak - [jca mdd tjc foan`t`oas fovcrcn meovc man `a Vcft`oas M, E, F man N mrc mssurcn, tjc euracr `s rcmny hor ﬍r`ak. Uchcr to Vcft`oa J oh Fjmptcr 3 hor hurtjcr stmrt`ak man opcrmt`ak `ahorbmt`oa.

K. H@U@AK WUCW WUC WMUM MUM^@OAV ^@OAV H HOU OU KMV (VCU@CV 577->77-;7 577->77-;77) 7) • Wr`or to `a`t`md stmrt`ak, fjcfl tjc d`almkc mttmfjcn to tjc kms euttcrſty vmdvc to mssurc tjmt bovcbcat `s hrcc hrob e`an`ak. • Xcr`hy tjc prcscafc man mvm`dme`d`ty oh kms. Oa m acw `astmddmt`oa, rcprcscatmt`vcs oh tjc kms ut`d`ty sjoudn ec prcscat wjca kms ﬍rst ſtows `ato tjc systcb to supcrv`sc purk`ak oh tjc acw kms d`ac, uadcss tjcy jmvc mdrcmny noac so. • Nctcrb`ac tjmt tjc p`dot `s opcrmt`ak propcrdy, ms outd`acn `a Vcft`oa F, Fjmptcr 3. • Nctcrb`ac tjmt suh﬍f`cat prcssurc cx`sts mt tjc catrmafc to tjc kms trm`a ey `astmdd`ak m tcst kmukc nowastrcmb oh tjc rckudmtor. • ^jc kms prcssurc rckudmtor bust ec mniustcn to tjc propcr prcssurc dcvcd. V`afc tjc rckudmtor `s kcacrmddy ey otjcrs, mniustbcat sjoudn profccn mfforn`ak to suppd`cn `astruft`oas suppd`cn ey `ts bmauhmfturcr. @t `s acfcssmry hor tjc opcrmtor to laow tjc euracr rcqu`rcbcats `a kms qumat`ty man prcssurc. ^jc `ahorbmt`oa fma kcacrmddy ec houan oa tjc N`bcas`oa N`mkrmb (NN) suppd`cn ey Fdcmvcr-Erools hor tjc spcf`﬍f `astmddmt`oa. Vjoudn tjc `ahorbmt`oa aot ec rcmn`dy mvm`dmedc, foasudt tjc Fdcmvcr-Erools Vcrv`fc Ncpmrtbcat k`v`ak tjc eo`dcr scr`md aubecr.. Fjmptcr 8 foatm`as mnn`t`oamd `ahorbmt`oa mdoak w`tj aubecr stmanmrn kms ſtow man prcssurc rcqu`rcbcats. • @h tjc euracr `s m fobe`amt`oa hucd boncd, sct tjc kms/o`d sw`tfj to —kms.‒ [`tjnrmw [`tjnrmw tjc o`d euracr kua man dmtfj `t `a `ts rcmrwmrn pos`t`oa (H`kurc 3-=7). • Oa `a`t`md stmrt-up, `t `s rcfobbcancn tjmt tjc bm`a kms sjutohh fofl (H`kurc 5-=5) rcbm`as fdoscn uat`d tjc prokrmbbcr jms fyfdcn tjroukj prcpurkc man p`dot

H`kurc9 3-=7 O`d Kua Doflcn `a OS^ Wos`t`oa

Fjmptcr 3

scqucafcs. [jca tjc hucd d`kjt oa tjc foatrod pmacd fobcs oa, oescrvc tjc mft`oa oh tjc botor`zcn kms vmdvc stcb to nctcrb`ac tjmt `t opcas wjca cacrk`zcn. Ms sooa ms `t `s foa﬍rbcn, tura tjc euracr sw`tfj —OHH‒ man dct prokrmbbcr ﬍a`sj `ts fyfdc. Fjcfl tjmt tjc kms vmdvc jms fdoscn. Mkm`a, tura tjc euracr —OA‒. [jca tjc hucd vmdvc d`kjt kdows, sdowdy opca tjc bm`a kms fofl. Bm`a ſtmbc sjoudn `ka`tc uadcss tjcrc `s m`r prcscat `a tjc d`ac. @h tjc ſtmbc `s aot cstmed`sjcn w`tj`a meout 3 scfoans, tura tjc euracr sw`tfj —ohh‒ man mddow tjc prokrmbbcr to rcfyfdc aorbmddy hor m acw d`kjt`ak tr`md. Vcvcrmd chhorts chhorts bmy ec acfcssmry to —edccn‒ m`r hrob tjc d`ac.

! [MUA@AK NMAKCU No aot r cpcmt uasuffcssh ud d`kjt `ak mttcbpts w`tjout rc-fjcfl`ak tjc euracr man p`dot mniustbcats. Hm`durc to hoddow tjcsc `astruft`oas foudn rcsudt `a scr`ous pcrsoamd `aiury or ncmtj Aotc9 ^jc euracr man foatrod systcb `s ncs`kacn to prov`nc m —prcpurkc‒ pcr`on oh hma opcrmt`oa pr`or to cstmed`sj`ak `ka`t`oa spmrl man p`dot ſtmbc. No aot mttcbpt to mdtcr tjc systcb or to tmlc may mft`oa tjmt b`kjt f`rfubvcat tjc hcmturc. Oafc tjc bm`a ſtmbc `s cstmed`sjcn, tura tjc euracr sw`tfj to tjc "OHH" pos`t`oa man oescrvc tjmt tjc ſtmbc `s cxt`aku`sjcn probptdy.. ^jc ſtmbc bmy foat`auc to eura hor m scfoan or two probptdy mhtcr aorbmd sjutnowa nuc to tjc kms rcbm`a`ak nowastrcmb hrob tjc hucd vmdvc. @h tjc ſtmbc foat`aucs to eura hor m doakcr pcr`on or nur`ak edowcr botor sp`anowa, `t foudn `an`fmtc m bm`a kms vmdvc dcml. @bbcn`mtcdy tura tjc euracr sw`tfj ohh  man fdosc tjc bm`a kms fofl. @avcst`kmtc man forrcft tjc fmusc oh tjc vmdvc dcmlmkc echorc rcd`kjt`ak tjc euracr. ^jc bm`a kms vmdvc sjoudn prov`nc m t`kjt scmd, prov`ncn aotj`ak prcvcats t`kjt fdosurc. Horc`ka bmtcr`md bmy ec prcscat `a c`tjcr tjc acw or rcaovmtcn kms d`acs uadcss mncqumtc fmrc `s tmlca `a fdcma`ak man purk`ak. [jca tjc foan`t`oas fovcrcn `a Vcft`oa K man `a Vcft`oas M, E man F mrc mssurcn, tjc euracr `s rcmny hor ﬍r`ak. Uchcr to Vcft`oa J, Fjmptcr 3 hor hurtjcr stmrt`ak man opcrmt`ak `ahorbmt`oa.

;37-0=

3-;

                

 

Fjmptcr 3

V^MU^@AK MAN OWCUM^@AK @AV^USF^@OAV

J. @HKU VC^SW Aotc9 @a`t`md @HKU d`almkc sctt`aks man mniustbcats bust ec cstmed`sjcn ey m Fdcmvcr-Erools mutjor`zcn rcprcscatmt`vc. Vct up oh tjc DC Opt`oa rcqu`rcs s`budtmacous foas`ncrmt`oa oh m`r-to-hucd rmt`os man AOx dcvcds. ^j`s fma oady ec mffobpd`sjcn w`tj propcr fobeust`oa cb`ss`oas boa`tor`ak cqu`pbcat w`tj AOx, O5, FO, man sbolc spot bcmsur`ak fmpme`d`ty. @t `s rcfobbcancn tjmt tjc ﬍amd —`astmddcn‒ sctt`aks ms aotcn oa H`kurc 3-==, 3-=5 man 3-=6 ec rcforncn hor huturc rchcrcafc. ^jc sctt`aks sjoudn ec bmrlcn oa tjc d`almkc ms wcdd. Aorbmddy, oafc tjc systcb jms ecca sct man mniustcn, tjc sctt`aks sjoudn aot ec fjmakcn uadcss foan`t`oas (`afdun`ak eo`dcr sctt`aks) fjmakc. @a tjmt fmsc, `t w`dd ec acfcssmry to foatmft your dofmd Fdcmvcr-Erools mutjor`zcn rcprcscatmt`vc hor mss`stmafc. Mhtcr tjc @HKU systcb `s `a`t`mddy sct up, `t w`dd stmrt up w`tj tjc eo`dcr ms ma `atckrmtcn eo`dcr systcb. Mhtcr sjut nowa pcr`ons `a wj`fj bm`atcamafc man /or mniustbcats jmvc ecca

pcrhorbcn oa tjc hucd fmbs, hucd man m`r d`almkcs, or @HKU foatrod d`almkcs, tjc rcfobbcancn mppromfj to stmrt-up `s ms hoddows9 =. Vct mdd eo eo`dcr `dcr fobpoacats fobpoacats to tjc` tjc`rr `a`t`md sctt`aks ms n`sfusscn `a tjc mppropr`mtc fjmptcrs oh tj`s Opcrmt`oa man Bm`atcamafc bmaumd. 5. Fjcfl hma `bpcddcr man man botor rotmt`oa. Forrcft rotmt`oa `s fouatcr-fdoflw`sc wjca v`cwcn hrob tjc hroat oh tjc eo`dcr. 6. Xcr`hy tjmt mdd tjc @HKU fobpoacats mrc sct to tjc sctt`aks rcforncn oa tjc Vtmrt Sp rcport or `a H`kurcs 3-==, 3-=5 man 3-=6 (ms aotcn ey tjc Fdcmvcr-Erools mutjor`zcn rcprcscatmt`vc nur`ak or`k`amd sct up). Ec surc tjmt mdd d`almkcs mrc scfurc. >. Vtmrt man wmrb tjc eo`dcr ms ncsfr`ecn `a tj`s Opcrmt`oa man Bm`atcamafc bmaumd. 3. Mnius Mniustt tjc eo`dcr fo fobpoac bpoacats ats ms ncsfr ncsfr`ecn `ecn `a tj`s Opcrmt`oa man Bm`atcamafc bmaumd to mfj`cvc propcr eo`dcr opcrmt`oa. Uchcr to Fjmptcr :, H`kurc :.: hor `astruft`oas oa fmsscttc rcbovmd man `astmddmt`oa.

IMFLVJMH^ D@ALMKC UON

IMFLVJMH^ D@ALMKC UON WOV@^@OA DMECD

]S@FL N@VFOAACF^ D@ALMKC

KMV IMFLVJMH^ NU@XC MUB

O@D IMFLVJMH^ NU@XC MUB WUOZ@B@^P V[@^FJ MAN NU@XC MUB (FOBE@AM^@OA KMV & O@D VPV^CBV OADP)

5‒ 5-6/>‒

IMFLVJMH^ D@ALMKC UON

KMV IMFLVJMH^ NU@XC MUB >7∑ O@D IMFLVJMH^ NU@XC MUB 57∑

^JC @HKU VPV^CB FMA EC C]S@WWCN [@^J C@^JCU M V@AKDC OU NSMD D@ALMKC MUB, NCWCAN@AK OA ^JC ASBECU OH HSCDV SVCN MAN ^JC AOZ DCXCDV NCV@UCN. MDD V@AKDCHSCDCN EO@DCUV JMXC M V@AKDC NU@XC M UB. NSMD-HSCDCN EO@DCUV BMP OU BMP AO^ JMXC M NSMD MUB, NCWCAN@AK OA ^JC OW^@OA WSUFJMVCN.

H`kurc9 3-== Imflsjmht D`almkc Vctt`aks

3-:

;37-0=

             

 

V^MU^@AK MAN OWCUM^@AK @AV^USF^@OAV

Fjmptcr 3

NOSEDC VWU@AKV

JODC #= ( HMV^ OWCA@AK NMBWCU)

J@KJ-H@UC J@KJ-H@ UC V ^OW VFUC[ DO[-H@UC V ^OW VFUC[ CZ^CUAMD CZ^C UAMD M UB

—E‒

JODC #= (VDO[ - OWCA@AK NMBWCU)

—M‒

CZ^CUAMD CZ^C UAMD M UB JODC WOV@^@OA JODC # 3 (VDO[-OWCA@AK (VDO[ -OWCA@AK N MBWCU)

@A^CUAMD @A^CUA MD M UB

JODC # : (HMV^ O WCA@AK NMBWCU)

07·

AO^C9 UCFOUN —@AV^MDDCN‒ XMDSCV OA ^J@V @DDSV^UM^@OA HOU HS^SUC UCHCUCAFC.

(VC^^@AKV (VC^ ^@AKV JMXC^O E C XCU@H@CN MAN U CFOUNCN CFOUNCN M^^JC ^@BC O H V ^MU^ SW)

M.______ CZ^CUAMD MUB JODC WOV@^@OA E.______ NCKUCCV H`kurc9 3-=5 Ovcrtrmvcd D`almkc Vctt`aks

—E‒

—N‒ D@ALMKC FOAACF^@OA WO@A^ JODC #= JODC #5

AO^C9 UCFOUN —@AV^MDDCN‒ XMDSCV OA ^J@V @DDSV^UM^@OA HOU HS^SUC UCHCUCAFC.

—F‒

M.______ HDMAKC FODDMU VC^^@AK E.______ NMBWCU WOV@^@OA M^ DO[-H@UC F.______ NMBWCU D@ALMKC MUB MAKDC (NCKUCCV) N.______ JODC WOV@^@OA ASBECU

HDMAKC FODDMU

—M‒ NMBWCU VJO[A @A ^JC DO[-H@UC WOV@^@OA

H`kurc9 3-=6 Hdmakc Foddmr man Nmbpcr Vctt`aks (^op X`cw)

;37-0=

3-0

     

 

Fjmptcr 3

V^MU^@AK MAN OWCUM^@AK @AV^USF^@OAV

@. V^MU^-SW, OWCUM^@AK MAN VJS^NO[A - MDD HSCDV

@a tjc fmsc oh m stcmb eo`dcr, FDOVC ^JC ^CV^ XMDXC wjca tjc stcmb eck`as to mppcmr mppcmr..

Ncpcan`ak upoa tjc hucd ec`ak euracn, tjc mppd`fmedc prcv`ous scft`oas `a Fjmptcr 3 sjoudn ec rcv`cwcn hor prcd`b`amry `astruft`oas.

M jot wmtcr eo`dcr bust jmvc m foat`auous ſtow oh systcb wmtcr tjroukj tjc vcsscd nur`ak tjc wmrb-up pcr`on. ^jc cat`rc wmtcr foatcat oh tjc systcb man eo`dcr bust ec wmrbcn pr`or to `afrcms`ak hucd `aput.

[jca ﬍r`ak w`tj o`d, ec fcrtm`a tjmt tjc euracr kua `s `a `ts bost horwmrn pos`t`oa man dmtfjcn `a pdmfc (scc H`kurc 3-8). [jca ﬍r`ak w`tj kms, tjc euracr kua sjoudn ec propcrdy w`tjnrmwa man dmtfjcn `a pdmfc. ^jc hucd scdcftor sw`tfj sjoudn ec, mfforn`akdy, sct to c`tjcr o`d or kms. Vct tjc bmaumd-mutobmt`f sw`tfj (H`kurc 5-:) to —bmaumd‒ man tura tjc bmaumd ſtmbc foatrod to —fdosc.‒ ^ura euracr sw`tfj to —OA.‒ ^jc domn ncbman d`kjt sjoudn kdow.. ^jc dow-wmtcr dcvcd d`kjt sjoudn rcbm`a out, `an`fmt`ak kdow m smhc wmtcr dcvcd `a tjc eo`dcr. ^jc prokrmbbcr `s aow scqucaf`ak. Vcc Fjmptcr > hor scqucafc nctm`ds.

Aotc9 Oa ma `a`t`md stmrt`ak mttcbpt, scvcrmd chhorts b`kjt ec rcqu`rcn to mffobpd`sj —edccn`ak‒ oh hucd d`acs, bm`a or p`dot. @h `ka`t`oa nocs aot tjca offur, no aot rcpcmt uasuffcsshud w`tjout rcfjcfl`ak tjc euracr manmttcbpts p`dot mniustbcat. Oa `ka`t`oa hm`durc, tjc ſtmbc hm`durc d`kjt w`dd kdow man tjc edowcr w`dd purkc tjc eo`dcr oh uaeuracn hucd vmpors echorc stopp`ak. Mhtcr `ka`t`oa hm`durc, wm`t m hcw bobcats echorc rc-sctt`ak tjc doflout sw`tfj.

! [MUA@AK NMAKCU No aot rc-d`kjt tjc p`dot or mttcbpt to stmrt tjc bm`a euracr, c`tjcr o`d or kms, `h tjc fobeust`oa fjmbecr `s jot man/or `h kms or o`d vmpor fobeust`oa kmscs mrc prcscat `a tjc huramfc or ſtuc pmssmkcs. Hm`durc to hoddow tjcsc `astruft`oas foudn rcsudt `a scr`ous pcrsoamd `aiury or ncmtj

! [MUA@AK NMAKCU ^jc euracr man foatrod systcb `s ncs`kacn to prov`nc m —prc-purkc‒ pcr`on oh hma opcrmt`oa pr`or to cstmed`sj`ak `ka`t`oa spmrl man p`dot hdmbc. No aot mttcbpt to mdtcr tjc systcb or tmlc may mft`oa tjmt b`kjt f`rfubvcat tjc —prc-purkc‒ hcmturc. Hm`durc to hoddow tjcsc `astruft`oas foudn rcsudt `a scr`ous pcrsoamd `aiury or ncmtj

Mhtcr bm`a ſtmbc `ka`t`oa, tjc euracr sjoudn ec sct oa bmaumd foatrod mt `ts dow ﬍rc sctt`ak (tjmt `s, w`tj bmaumd ſtmbc foatrod mt —fdosc‒) uat`d tjc eo`dcr `s propcrdy wmrbcn. Fdosc tjc stcmb jcmncr.

@h tjc ſtmbc mt dow ﬍rc prov`ncs `asuh﬍f`cat jcmt to rcmfj aorbmd opcrmt`ak tcbpcrmturc 67 b`autcs, krmnumddy `afrcmscprcssurc tjc ﬍r`akor rmtc ey tura`ak mhtcr tjc bmaumd ſtmbc foatrod `a oac po`at `afrcbcats to ao j`kjcr tjma tjc tj`rn fmb sfrcw. Opcrmtc mt tjc `afrcmscn hucd `aput rmtc hor m pcr`on oh t`bc uat`d ma `afrcmsc `s aotcn `a prcssurc or tcbpcrmturc. Mhtcr tjc eo`dcr `s tjoroukjdy wmrbcn, tura tjc bmaumd ſtmbc foatrod to j`kj ﬍rc. Mt tj`s po`at m fobeust`oa mamdys`s sjoudn ec bmnc, w`tj `astrubcats, man hucd ſtow rckudmtcn ms rcqu`rcn. Uchcr to tjc mniustbcat profcnurcs `a Fjmptcr 8. Mhtcr bml`ak tjc j`kj-﬍rc mniustbcat, bmaumddy ncfrcmsc tjc ﬍r`ak rmtc, stopp`ak mt cmfj fmb sfrcw to mamdyzc fobeust`oa kmscs, man mniust ms rcqu`rcn. ^o propcrdy pcrhorb tjc tcst`ak man mniust`ak, `t `s acfcssmry tjmt tjc euracr ec mddowcn to ﬍rc mt m bmx`bub rmtc doak caoukj to mfj`cvc ncs`rcn rcsudts. Opcrmt`ak - Aorbmd opcrmt`oa oh tjc euracr sjoudn ec w`tj Opcrmt`ak tjc sw`tfj `a tjc mutobmt`f pos`t`oa man uancr tjc n`rcft`oa oh  tjc bonudmt`ak foatrod. ^jc bmaumd pos`t`oa `s prov`ncn hor `a`t`md mniustbcat oh tjc euracr ovcr tjc cat`rc ﬍r`ak rmakc. [jca m sjutnowa offurs wj`dc opcrmt`ak `a tjc bmaumd pos`t`oa mt otjcr tjma dow ﬍rc, tjc nmbpcr w`dd aot ec `a m fdoscn pos`t`oa, tjus mddow`ak borc m`r tjma ncs`rcn to ſtow tjroukj tjc eo`dcr. ^jc jot ſtmbc to food m`r fyfd`ak sueicfts tjc prcssurc vcsscd bctmd man rchrmftory to uancs`rmedcs foan`t`oas. [`tj tjc sw`tfj sct mt —muto,‒ tjc euracr w`dd opcrmtc oa m bonudmt`ak ems`s mfforn`ak to tjc domn ncbman. ^jc w`dd foat`auc to opcrmtc w`tj bonudmtcn ﬍r`ak uat`d euracr tjc opcrmt`ak d`b`t prcssurc or tcbpcrmturc `s rcmfjcn, uadcss9 =.

^jc eur euracr acr ``ss bm bmaum aumddy ddy tur turacn acn — —ohh ohh..‒

5.

^jc dowdow-wmtcr wmtcr foan` foan`t`oa t`oa `s nctcf nctcftcn tcn ey ddowow-wmtcr wmtcr dcvcd foatrod.

6.

^jc ccdcf dcftr` tr`fmd fmd o orr huc hucdd sup suppdy pdy ``ss `at `atcrr crrupt uptcn. cn.

>.

^jc ffobe obeust ust`oa `oa m`r m`r pr prcss cssurc urc o orr mto mtob`z b`z`ak `ak m m`r `r prcssurc nrops ecdow b`a`bub dcvcd.

Aotc9 ^jcrc fma ec otjcr rcmsoas hor sjutnowa sufj ms botor ovcrdomn, ſtmbc outmkcs, tr`ppcn f`rfu`t ercmlcrs, edowa huscs, or tjroukj otjcr `atcrdofl ncv`fcs `a tjc f`rfu`try.

3-=7

;37-0=

 

V^MU^@AK MAN OWCUM^@AK @AV^USF^@OAV [jca tjc euracr `s sjut nowa aorbmddy, ey c`tjcr tjc opcrmt`ak d`b`t foatrod or ey bmaumddy sw`tfj`ak tjc euracr ohh, tjc domn ncbman d`kjt ao doakcr kdows. Vjutnowa tjroukj foan`t`oas fmus`ak smhcty or `atcrdofl  foatrods to opca w`dd mftumtc tjc ſtmbc hm`durc d`kjt (man mdmrb `h so cqu`ppcn) man tjc domn ncbman d`kjt w`dd rcbm`a d`t. ^jc fmusc oh tj`s typc oh sjutnowa w`dd jmvc to ec dofmtcn, `avcst`kmtcn, `avcst `kmtcn, man forrcftcn echorc opcrmt`oa fma ec rcsubcn. Uchcr to tjc —trouedc-sjoot`ak‒ scft`oa `a Fjmptcr ;.  - [jca tjc opcrmt`ak d`b`t foatrod sctt`ak `s Vjutnowa Vjutnowa rcmfjcn to opca tjc f`rfu`t or `h tjc euracr sw`tfj `s turacn —ohh,‒‒ tjc hoddow`ak scqucafc offurs. —ohh, ^jc hucd vmdvc `s nccacrk`zcn man tjc ſtmbc `s cxt`aku`sjcn. ^jc t`bcr eck`as opcrmt`oa man tjc edowcr botor foat`aucs ruaa`ak to horfc m`r tjroukj tjc huramfc `a tjc post-purkc pcr`on. Mt tjc can oh tjc prokrmbbcn post-purkc pcr`on, tjc edowcr botor `s turacn ohh. ^jc m`r pubp botor oh ma o`d-﬍rcn euracr `s mdso turacn ohh. ^jc t`bcr jms rcturacn to `ts or`k`amd stmrt`ak pos`t`oa man stops. ^jc ua`t `s rcmny to rc-stmrt.

! [MUA@AK NMAKCU @t `s mnv`smedc to fjcfl hor t`kjt sjut-ohh oh h ucd vmdvcs. Ncsp`t c pr cfmut `oas man strm`acrs, horc`ka bmtcr`md `a c`tjcr acw or rcaovmtcn hucd d`acs bmy donkc uancr m vmdvc scmt man prcvcat t`kjt fdosurc. ^jc s`tumt`oa `s cspcf`mddy truc `a acw `astmddmt`oas. Wrobptdy forrcft may foan`t`oas fmus`ak dcmlmkc. Hm`durc to hoddow tjcsc `astruft`oas foudn rcsudt `a scr`ous pcrsoamd `aiury or ncmtj

I. FOA^UOD OWCUM OWCUM^@OAMD ^@OAMD ^CV^ MAN FJCFLV

Wropcr opcrmt`oa oh tjc vmr`ous foatrods sjoudn ec vcr`﬍cn man tcstcn wjca tjc eo`dcr `s `a`t`mddy pdmfcn `ato scrv`fc, or wjcacvcr m foatrod `s rcpdmfcn. Wcr`on`f fjcfls sjoudn ec bmnc tjcrcmhtcr `a mffornmafc w`tj m pdmaacn bm`atcamafc prokrmb. ^jc opcrmt`ak d`b`t foatrod bmy ec fjcflcn ey mddow`ak stcmb prcssurc or wmtcr tcbpcrmturc to `afrcmsc uat`d tjc euracr sjuts nowa. Ncpcan`ak upoa tjc domn, `t bmy ec acfcssmry to bmaumddy `afrcmsc tjc ﬍r`ak rmtc to rm`sc stcmb prcssurc to tjc euracr sjut ohh po`at. @h tjc domn `s jcmvy jcmvy,, tjc jcmncr vmdvc fma ec fdoscn or tjrottdcn uat`d tjc prcssurc `afrcmscs. Oescrvc tjc stcmb kmukc to fjcfl tjc fut ohh  prcssurc ms tjc opcrmt`ak d`b`t foatrod sjuts tjc euracr nowa. Vdowdy opca tjc jcmncr vmdvc to rcdcmsc stcmb prcssurc man fjcfl tjc fut-`a sctt`ak ms tjc euracr rcstmrts. Fjcfl tjc bonudmt`ak foatrod hor tjc ncs`rcn opcrmt`ak prcssurc rmakc. Vcc Fjmptcr 8 hor `astruft`oas oa tjc mniustbcat oh foatrods.

Fjmptcr 3 ^jc wmtcr tcbpcrmturc oa m jot wmtcr eo`dcr tjmt bmy ec opcrmt`ak mt dcss tjma hudd domn bmy ec rm`scn ey bmaumddy `afrcms`ak tjc ﬍r`ak rmtc uat`d tjc euracr sjuts nowa tjroukj tjc mft`oa oh tjc opcrmt`ak d`b`t foatrod. Oescrvc tjc tjcrbobctcr to vcr`hy tjc ncs`rcn sctt`aks mt tjc po`at oh futout man mkm`a wjca tjc euracr rcstmrts. Uctura tjc bmaumd mutobmt`f sw`tfj to —mutobmt`f‒ man fjcfl tjc bonudmt`ak foatrod hor tjc ncs`rcn tcbpcrmturc rmakc. Vcc Fjmptcr 8 hor `astruft`oas oa tjc mniustbcat oh tjc foatrods. Fjcfl tjc propcr opcrmt`oa man sctt`ak oh tjc dow-wmtcr futohh (man pubp opcrmt`ak foatrod, `h uscn). Wropcr opcrmt`oa oh tjc ſtmbc hm`durc ncv`fc sjoudn ec fjcflcn mt stmrtup man mt dcmst oafc m wccl tjcrcmhtcr. Uchcr to Fjmptcr : hor `ahorbmt`oa oa ſtmbc smhcty fjcfls. Fjcfl  tjc prokrmb rcdmy‐s maauaf`mt`oa hor may systcb hm`durc. Oescrvc tjc probptacss oh `ka`t`oa oh tjc p`dot ſtmbc man tjc bm`a ſtmbc. Fjcfl hor t`kjt sjut-ohh oh mdd hucd vmdvcs. Ncsp`tc prcfmut`oas man strm`acrs, horc`ka bmtcr`md bmy donkc uancr m vmdvc scmt man prcvcat t`kjt fdosurc. Wrobptdy forrcft may foan`t`oas tjmt fmusc dcmlmkc. Uchcr to tjc mniustbcat profcnurcs man bm`atcamafc `astruft`oas k`vca `a Fjmptcrs 8 man :.

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3-==

 

Fjmptcr 3

V^MU^@AK MAN OWCUM^@AK @AV^USF^@OAV

Aotcs 

3-=5

 

;37-0=

           

    

FJMW^CU 8 Mniustbcat Wrofcnurcs Wrofcnurcs M. Kcacrmd. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-= E. D`almkc - Bonudmt`ak Botor & M`r Nmbpcr . . . . . .8-5 F. Bonudmt`ak Botor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-6 N. Bonudmt`ak Botor Vw`tfjcs Dow H`rc man J`kj J`kj H`rc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-6 C. Euracr Opcrmt`ak Foatrods Foatrods Kcacrmd . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-> H. Bonudmt`ak Bonudmt`ak Wrcssurc Foatrods (Vtcmb). . . . . . . . . . .8-8 K. Opcrmt`ak D`b`t Wrcssurc Foatrod (Vtcmb) (Vtcmb) . . . . . . .8-8 J. J`kj D`b`t Wrcssurc Foatrod - (Vtcmb) . . . . . . . . . .8-8 @. Bonudmt`ak ^cbpcrmturc ^cbpcrmturc Foatrod - (Jot [mtcr) . . . .8-8 I. Opcrmt`ak D`b`t ^cbpcrmturc ^cbpcrmturc Foatrod - (Jot [mtcr) 8-;

W. Kms Wrcssurc man Hdow @ahorbmt`oa @ahorbmt`oa . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-0 ]. Kms Hucd Fobeust Fobeust`oa `oa M Mniust niustbcat bcat . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-=5 U. Dow-Kms Dow-Kms Wrc Wrcssurc ssurc Vw`tfj Vw`tfj . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-=> V. J`kj-Kms J`kj-Kms Wrcssurc Wrcssurc V Vw`tfj. w`tfj. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-=> ^. Hucd O`d Wrcssurc man ^ ^cbpcrmturc cbpcrmturc - Kcacrmd . . . . 8-=3 S. Hucd O`d O`d Fobeust` Fobeust`oa oa Mniust Mniustbcat bcat . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-=; X. Euracr Nrmwcr Mniustbcats Mniustbcats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-=: [. O`d Nrmwcr Vw`t Vw`tfj fj . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-=: Z. Dow-O`d-^cbpcrmturc Dow-O`d-^cbpcrmturc Vw`tfj . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-=: P. J`kj-O`d-^cbpcrmturc J`kj-O`d-^cbpcrmturc Vw`tfj . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-=0 Y. Dow-O`d-W Dow-O`d-Wrcssu rcssurc rc Vw`tfj Vw`tfj . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-=0

L. J`kj D`b`t ^cbpcrmturc Foatrod - (Jot [mtcr). [mtcr). . . .8-; D. Dow-[mtcr Futohh Ncv`fcs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-; B. Fobeust`oa M`r Wrov`ak Vw`tfj . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-; A. Mtob`z`ak M`r Wrov`ak Vw`tfj. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-: O. Kms W`dot Hdmbc Mniustbcat Mniustbcat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-:

MM. Cdcftr`f Cdcftr`f O`d O`d Jcmtcr Jcmtcr ^jcrbost ^jcrbostmt mt . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-=0 EE. Vtcmb Vtcmb O`d Jcmtcr Jcmtcr ^jcrbo ^jcrbostmt stmt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-=0 FF. Jot [mtcr [mtcr O`d Jcmtcr ^jcrbos ^jcrbostmt tmt . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-=0 NN. Vtcmb Jcmtcr Wrcssurc Wrcssurc Uckudmtor. . . . . . . . . . . . 8-=0

Aotc9 @h your eo`dcr `s cqu`ppcn w`tj m FEJM[ L ℥ e o ` d c r b m a m k c b c a t f o a t r o d systcb, rchcr to FE-JM[L @astmddmt`oa, Opcrmt`ak man Vcrv`f`ak Bmaumd Ao. ;37=66 hor spcf`﬍f `ahorbmt`oa rckmrn`ak profcnurcs ncsfr`ecn `a tj`s scft`oa.

^jc mniustbcat profcnurcs `a Fjmptcr 8 mppdy to stmanmrn fobpoacats hura`sjcn oa stcmb or jot wmtcr eo`dcrs ﬍rcn w`tj kms man/or tjc vmr`ous krmncs oh o`d.

J@KJ ^SUANO[A ESUACU @a orncr to rcnufc strcss oa eo`dcr fobpoacats man to `bprovc

M. KCACUMD Cmfj Fdcmvcr-Erools eo`dcr `s tcstcn hor forrcft opcrmt`oa echorc sj`pbcat hrob tjc hmftory. Jowcvcr, vmr`medc foan`t`oas sufj ms eura`ak fjmrmftcr`st`fs oh tjc hucd man opcrmt`ak domn foan`t`oas bmy rcqu`rc hurtjcr mniustbcat mhtcr `astmddmt`oa to mssurc bmx`bub opcrmt`ak ch﬍f`cafy man cfoaoby. M fobeust`oa ch﬍f`cafy mamdys`s bmnc nur`ak tjc `a`t`md stmrt-up w`dd jcdp to nctcrb`ac wjmt mnn`t`oamd mniustbcats mrc rcqu`rcn `a m pmrt`fudmr `astmddmt`oa. Wr`or to pdmf`ak tjc eo`dcr `ato scrv`fc, m fobpdctc `aspcft`oa sjoudn ec bmnc oh mdd foatrods, foaacft`ak p`p`ak, w`r`ak, man mdd hmstca`aks sufj ms auts, eodts man sctsfrcws to ec surc tjmt ao nmbmkc jms offurrcn, or tjmt mniustbcats jmvc aot fjmakcn nur`ak sj`pbcat man `astmddmt`oa.

eo`dcr opcrmt`ak ch﬍f`cafy, euracrs jmvc ecca ncs`kacn hor cajmafcn hucd turanowa fmpme`d`t`cs. M J`kj ^uranowa Euracr (J^E) `s `astmddcn oa eo`dcrs cqu`ppcn to ﬍rc d`kjt o`d (Vcr`cs =77), or kms (Vcr`cs ;77), or eotj (Vcr`cs 577). M`r man hucd `adcts, tjc n`hhuscr, man tjc m`r nmbpcr foatrod d`almkc jmvc ecca bon`﬍cn hor tjcsc euracrs.

Aotc9 Oescrvc tjmt propcr m`r nmbpcr d`almkc man hucd bctcr`ak mniustbcat profcnurcs mrc hoddowcn hor stmanmrn (Vcr`cs >77 or 877) or J^E (Vcr`cs =77, 577, or ;77) euracrs to mvo`n nmbmkc to tjc cqu`pbcat. ^jc euracr scr`cs `s `ncat`﬍cn oa tjc eo`dcr nmtm pdmtc mh﬍xcn to tjc hroat jcmn oh tjc eo`dcr Foatmft o r t j c your F d c mdofmd v c r -Fdcmvcr-Erools E r o o l s V c r vmutjor`zcn ` f c N c p mrcprcscatmt`vc rtbcat hor rcfobbcanmt`oas fovcr`ak spcf`md foatrods tjmt mrc aot `afduncn `a Fjmptcr 8.

;37-0=

 

8-=

                

Fjmptcr 8

Mniustbcat Wrofcnurcs

E. D@ALMKC - BONSDM^@AK BONSDM^@AK BO^ BO^OU OU MAN M@U NMBWCU

=.

^jc d`almkc foas`sts oh vmr`ous mrbs, foaacft`ak rons, man sw`vcd emdd io`ats tjmt trmasb`t bot`oa hrob tjc bonudmt`ak botor to tjc bctcr`ak fmb(s), to tjc rotmry m`r nmbpcr, man to tjc kms euttcrſty vmdvc, `h uscn. [jca propcrdy mniustcn, m foorn`amtcn bovcbcat oh tjc nmbpcr man bctcr`ak fmbs w`tj`a tjc d`b`ts oh tjc bonudmt`ak botor trmvcd `s mttm`acn to prov`nc propcr hucd-m`r rmt`os tjroukj tjc ﬍r`ak rmakc.

^jc bonudm bonudmt`ak t`ak botor botor bust bust ec medc to fo fobpdc bpdctc tc `t `tss hudd hudd trmvcd rmakc.

! FMS^@OA NMAKCU No aot rcstr`ft tjc hudd trmvcd oh tjc bonudmt-  `ak botor. Hm`durc to hoddow tjcsc `astruf-  t`oas foudn rcsudt `a cqu`pbcat nmbmkc. 5.

@a`t`md @a`t`md mniustbca mniustbcatt sjo sjoudn udn e ecc bmnc bmnc w` w`tj tj tjc tjc bo botor tor `a hudd hudd fdoscn pos`t`oa, tjmt `s w`tj tjc sjmht oa tjc powcr can oh  tjc botor `a `ts bost fouatcrfdoflw`sc pos`t`oa.

@a d`almkc mniustbcats tjcrc mrc scvcrmd `bportmat hmftors tjmt bust scrvc ms ku`ncs.

IMFL VJMH^ O@D BONSDM^@AK FMB FMB MNISV^@AK VFUC[

KMV BONSDM^@AK FMB UO^MUP M@U NMBWCU IMFLVJMH^ MUB

IMFL VJMH^ NU@X@AK MUB

O@D BONSDM^@AK FMB HODDO[CU

>3· FMB MNISV^@AK VFUC[

O@D BC^CU@AK BC^CU@ AK XMDXC KMV BONSDM^@AK FMB HODDO[CU KMV BC^CU@AK XMDXC

UO^MUP M@U NMBWCU UON

BONSDM^@AK BO^OU UON

UO^MUP M@U NMBWCU VJMH^

87·

UO^MUP M@U NMBWCU MUB

FOA^UODDCU

BONSDM^@AK BO^OUBO^OU ES^^CUHDP KMV XMDXC UON

^JC @A@^@MD VC^^@AKV OA M J@KJ ^SUANO[A ^SUANO[A ESUACU HOU ^ J C U O ^ M U P M @U N M B WCU VJOSDN EC 3;· MAN ^JC FOACF^@AK IMFLVJMH^ MUB VJOSDN EC VC^ M^ >; =/5·.

OXCU^UMXCD D@ALMKC

>3·

BONSDM^@AK BO^OU MUB

HSCD O@D

VWU@AK DOMNCN ES^^CUHDP KMV XMDXC MUB

  AO^@FC9 VC^^@AKV @A N@MKUMB @AN@FM^C DO[ H@UC VC^^@AK OH D@ALMKC. ES^^CUHDP KMV XMDXC

H`kurc9 8-= Fobpdctc D`almkc Msscbedy - Fobe`amt`oa Kms man O`d

8-5

;37-0=

                                                                     

 

Mniustbcat Wrofcnurcs

Fjmptcr 8

IMFL VJMH^ UO^MUP M@U NMBWCU MUB V^OW VFUC[

UO^MUP M@U NMBWCU

Wr`or to `a`t`mddy ﬍r`ak m eo`dcr `t `s mnv`smedc to fjcfl hor hrcc bovcbcat oh tjc d`almkc. ^jc nmbpcr botor bust ec mddowcn to fobpdctc `ts hudd strolc man tjc nmbpcr bust bovc hrccdy hrob dow to j`kj ﬍rc pos`t`oa. Mniustbcat oh d`almkc foaacftcn to m kms euttcrſty vmdvc `s ncsfr`ecn `a Vcft`oa ] oh  Fjmptcr 8.

=. MNISV^ ^JC D@ALMKC

^O[MUN ^JC NU@XC VJMH^ HOU DCVV BOXCBCA^.

N@HHSVCU WDM^C

5. MNISV^ M[MP HUOB ^JC NU@XC VJMH^ HOU BOUC D@ALMKC BOXCBCA^.

NMBWCU MUB

=

H`kurc9 8-5 Uotmry M`r Nmbpcr 6.

^jc ffdoscr doscr tjc foaacf foaacftor tor ``ss to ttjc jc nr`vc nr`vc sj sjmht, mht, tjc tjc dcss dcss tjc tjc mrb w`dd trmvcd< tjc fdoscr tjc foaacftor `s to tjc nr`vca sjmht, tjc hmrtjcr tjmt mrb w`dd trmvcd.

>.

Ovcr Ovcr-trm -trmvcd vcd d`al d`almkc, mkc, wjcrc uscn, sjoudn sjoudn aot ec rcqu`r rcqu`rcn cn `a orncr to cxtcan `ts spr`ak to tjc huddcst strctfj.

[`tj tjc bonudmt`ak botor `a tjc dow ﬍rc pos`t`oa, tjc mrb oa `ts sjmht sjoudn ec mt ma makdc oh >3· ecdow tjc jor`zoatmd. ^jc nr`vca mrb oa tjc imfl sjmht sjoudn mdso ec >3· ecdow jor`zoatmd. Vcfurc eotj mrbs man ﬍t tjc foaacft`ak d`almkc ron `a pdmfc ectwcca tjcb. Uchcr to H`kurc 8-=. Wos`t`oa tjc o`d man/or kms bonudmt`ak fmbs oa tjc imflsjmht so tjmt tjc fmb hoddowcr msscbedy `s ectwcca tjc ﬍rst man scfoan fmb mniust`ak sfrcws (uancr tjc ﬍rst mniust`ak sfrcw hor J`kj ^uranowa Euracrs). @a tj`s pos`t`oa, hucd ncd`vcry `s mt dow ﬍rc rmtc. ^`kjtca tjc sct sfrcws to scfurc tjc fmbs oa tjc imflsjmht.

5

H`kurc9 8-6 Bonudmt`ak Botor

F. BONSDM^@AK BO^OU ^jc bonudmt`ak botor jms m 07 · sjmht rotmt`oa. ^jc botor bmauhmfturcr mdso prov`ncs m =87 · strolc boncd hor otjcr mppd`fmt`oas. @h m rcpdmfcbcat `s oetm`acn hrob sobcoac otjcr tjma m Fdcmvcr-Erools Vcrv`fc or Wmrts rcprcscatmt`vc, `t bmy jmvc ma `aforrcft strolc. ^o prcvcat nmbmkc, nctcrb`ac tjc 07· strolc pr`or to `astmdd`ak m rcpdmfcbcat. ^jc strolc bmy ec nctcrb`acn ey powcr`ak tjc botor man foaacft`ak tcrb`amds U-E to mftumddy nctcrb`ac tjc strolc ms botor nr`vcs to ma opca pos`t`oa.

N. BONSDM^@AK BONSDM^@AK BO^ BO^OU OU V[@ V[@^FJCV ^FJCV - DO[ H@UC MAN J@KJ H@UC

Uchcr to H`kurc 8-5. ^jc stop sfrcw `a tjc rotmry m`r nmbpcr

^jc bonudmt`ak botor foatm`as c`tjcr oac or two `atcramd

d`b`ts nmbpcr trmvcd mt eotj fdoscn (dow ﬍rc) man huddy opcacn (j`kj ﬍rc) pos`t`oas. ^jc sfrcw `s prov`ncn so tjmt `t `s poss`edc to tcdd, cvca w`tj tjc euracr `a pdmfc, wjctjcr tjc nmbpcr rotor `s `a huddy opcacn or fdoscn pos`t`oa. Uotmt`ak tjc fdoflw`sc to tjc stop sfrcw fdoscs tjc nmbpcr. Uotmt`ak tjc nmbpcr fouatcrfdoflw`sc to tjc stop sfrcw opcas tjc nmbpcr.. Aorbmddy, tjc rmtc oh ſtow oh m`r tjroukj tjc nmbpcr nmbpcr w`tj tjc rotor `a dow ﬍rc pos`t`oa `s meout oac-tj`rn oh  bmx`bub hor m stmanmrn euracr or oac-s`xtj hor m J^E.

sw`tfjcs ncpcan`ak upoa mppd`fmt`oa. ^jc b`frosw`tfjcs mrc mftumtcn ey mniustmedc fmbs mttmfjcn to tjc botor sjmht.

^jc mbouat oh makudmr bovcbcat foatrodd`ak tjc rmtc oh m`r ſtow `s nctcrb`acn ey tjc dofmt`oa oh tjc cans oh tjc rotmry m`r nmbpcr ron `a eotj tjc imfl sjmht mrb man tjc m`r nmbpcr mrb.[jca tjc m`r nmbpcr `s `a dow ﬍rc pos`t`oa, tjc imflsjmht mrb sjoudn ec mt >3· (>;-=/5· hor J^E) man tjc rotmry m`r nmbpcr mrb sjoudn ec mt ma makdc oh mpprox`bmtcdy 87· ecdow tjc jor`zoatmd (H`kurc 8-=). ^j`s w`dd casurc tjmt tjc makudmr bovcbcat oh tjc nmbpcr stmrts sdowdy, `afrcms`ak `a rmtc ms tjc j`kj ﬍rc pos`t`oa `s mppromfjcn.

Hmftory rcpdmfcbcat botors jmvc tjc fmbs prcsct. ^jc dow ﬍rc stmrt sw`tfj `s sct to bmlc tjc rcn man ycddow dcmns mt mpprox`bmtcdy :· oa botor fdos`ak. ^jc j`kj ﬍rc purkc m`r prov`ak sw`tfj (dofmtcn `a tjc bonudmt`ak botor) `s sct to bmlc rcn man educ trmfcr dcmns mt mpprox`bmtcdy 87 · tjc oa botor opca`ak. Aorbmddy tjc sctt`aks mrc dcht ms `s, eut ioe foan`t`oas bmy rcqu`rc rcmniustbcat. @h tjc fmbs rcqu`rc mniustbcat or rcsctt`ak, hoddow tjc `astruft`oas `a tjc bmauhmfturcr‐ss tcfja`fmd bmaumd. bmauhmfturcr‐

;37-0=

8-6

                     

 

Fjmptcr 8

C. ESUACU OWCUM^@AK FOA^UODV - KCACUMD Aotc9 Mniustbcats to tjc eo`dcr opcrmt`ak foatrods sjoudn ec bmnc ey ma mutjor`zcn Fdcmvcr-Erools Vcrv`fc ^cfja`f`ma. ^cfja`f`ma. Uchcr to t jc mppr opr `mt c eo`dcr Opcr mt `oa man Bm`atcamafc bmaumd hor spcf`﬍f `ahorbmt`oa oa eo`dcr stmrtup man opcrmt`oa. ^jc stmanmrn eo`dcr opcrmt`ak foatrod pmflmkc foas`sts oh  tjrcc scpmrmtc foatrods, tjc J`kj D`b`t Foatrod, Opcrmt`ak D`b`t Foatrod man tjc Bonudmt`ak foatrod. ^jc J`kj D`b`t Foatrod scascs tjc jot wmtcr tcbpcrmturc or stcmb prcssurc. @t `s uscn ms m smhcty d`b`t to tura tjc euracr ohh `a tjc cvcat tjc opcrmt`ak d`b`t foatrod hm`ds. ^jc j`kj d`b`t foatrod sjoudn ec sct suh﬍f`catdy meovc tjc opcrmt`ak d`b`t foatrod to mvo`n au`smafc sjutnowas. ^jc Opcrmt`ak D`b`t Foatrod scascs tcbpcrmturc or prcssurc man mutobmt`fmddy turas tjc euracr oa to `a`t`mtc tjc stmrt up scqucafc wjca rcqu`rcn man turas tjc euracr ohh to `a`t`mtc tjc sjutnowa scqucafc wjca tjc ncbman `s smt`s﬍cn. ^jc foatrod bust ec sct to `a`t`mtc stmrtup oady mt tjc dow ﬍rc pos`t`oa.

Mniustbcat Wrofcnurcs Vcpmrmtc man `ancpcancat foatrods mhhcft bonudmtcn ﬍r`ak man euracr oa-ohh fyfd`ak. H`kurc 3-6 ncp`fts m typ`fmd sctt`ak rcdmt`oasj`p oh tjc opcrmt`ak d`b`t foatrod, bonudmt`ak foatrod man tjc j`kj d`b`t foatrod. ^jc euracr w`dd ec —oa‒ wjcacvcr tjc prcssurc or tcbpcrmturc `s dcss tjma po`at E man —ohh‒ wjcacvcr prcssurc or tcbpcrmturc `s krcmtcr tjma po`at M. ^jc n`stmafc ectwcca po`ats M man E rcprcscats tjc —oa-ohh‒ n`hhcrcat`md oh tjc opcrmt`ak d`b`t foatrod. @a aorbmd opcrmt`oa, tjc euracr w`dd sjut nowa wjcacvcr tjc prcssurc or tcbpcrmturc r`scs meovc sctt`ak M. Mt tjmt po`at tjc sw`tfj `a tjc opcrmt`ak d`b`t foatrod w`dd opca. Ms tjc prcssurc or tcbpcrmturc nrops emfl to E, tjc opcrmt`ak d`b`t foatrod fdoscs man tjc euracr w`dd rcstmrt. ^jc bonudmt`ak foatrod w`dd s`kamd tjc tjc bonudmt`ak botor to to ec `a m dow ﬍rc pos`t`oa. @h tjc domn ncbmans cxfccn tjc dow ﬍rc `aput potcat`md, tjc bonudmt`ak foatrod w`dd `afrcmsc tjc ﬍r`ak rmtc proport`oamtcdy ms prcssurc or tcbpcrmturc hmdds towmrn po`at N. ^jc bonudmt`ak botor w`dd stop mt may `atcrbcn`mtc po`at

^jc Bonudmt`ak Foatrod scascs fjmakcs `a tjc jot wmtcr tcbpcrmturc or stcmb prcssurc man s`kamds tjc bonudmt`ak botor to foatrod tjc ſtow oh hucd man m`r to tjc euracr. [`tj c`tjcr stcmb or jot wmtcr eo`dcrs, tjc bonudmt`ak foatrod bust ec sct to casurc tjc euracr `s mt `ts b`a`bub dow ﬍rc pos`t`oa echorc tjc opcrmt`ak d`b`t foatrod c`tjcr stmrts or stops tjc euracr. [jca mniust`ak or sctt`ak foatrods, ﬍rst ec surc mdd foatrod ncv`fcs mrc scfurcdy bouatcn man dcvcd. [`tj tjc tcbpcrmturc scas`ak foatrod, bmlc surc tjc scas`ak eude `s propcrdy eottobcn `a `ts wcdd man `s scfurcn mkm`ast bovcbcat. Ec surc tjc foaacft`ak tue`ak `s aot l`alcn.

H`kurc9 8-> Vtcmb Opcrmt`ak Foatrods

^jc n`md sctt`aks mrc kcacrmddy mffurmtc< mdtjoukj `t `s aot uausumd to jmvc m sd`kjt vmr`mt`oa ectwcca m sfmdc sctt`ak man ma mftumd prcssurc kmukc or tjcrbobctcr rcmn`ak. Mdwmys mniust foatrod sctt`ak to mkrcc w`tj prcssurc kmukc or tjcrbobctcr rcmn`aks. Mffurmtc `astrubcat rcmn`aks mrc rcqu`rcn. [jca acfcssmry usc mux`d`mry tcst cqu`pbcat to sct foatrods. Euracr foatrods forrcftdy sct to bmtfj domn ncbmans w`dd prov`nc opcrmt`oamd mnvmatmkcs man mfj`cvc tjc hoddow`ak ncs`rmedc oeicft`vc oeicft`vcs9 s9 • ^jc e euracr uracr w`dd ec opc opcrmt`a rmt`ak k `a do dow w ﬍rc pos`t` pos`t`oa oa pr` pr`or or to sjut nowa. • ^jc e euracr uracr w`dd opcrmtc opcrmtc mt dow ﬍ ﬍rc rc ho horr m er er`ch `ch pcr`on pcr`on oa oa cmfj stmrt nur`ak aorbmd opcrmt`oa. • Cd`b Cd`b`amtc `amtcss hrcquc hrcqucat at e euracr uracr oa-ohh oa-ohh fyfd`a fyfd`ak. k.

H`kurc9 8-3 Jot [mtcr Foatrods

8->

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Mniustbcat Wrofcnurcs =77%

Fjmptcr 8 N Bonudmt`oa Foatrod Ucspoasc

  k   a    `   s   m   c   r   f   a    @

H`r`ak Umtc

Opcrmt`ak Ucspoasc D`b`t Foatrod

F

J`kj D`b`t Foatrod Vmhcty Vjutnowa

M

E

B`a`bub @aput (Dow H`rc)

Hmdd`ak ^cbp. or Wrcssurc Bonudmtcn H`r`ak Umakc

—OA - OHH‒ N`hhcrcat`md

U`s`ak ^cbp. or Wrcssurc

Euracr Ohh (Euracr OA)

7%

(Euracr OHH)

Eo`dcr ^cbp.or Wrcss

(Euracr OHH) @afrcms`ak

H`kurc9 8-8 H`r`ak Krmpj ectwcca F man N wjcacvcr tjc hucd `aput emdmafcs tjc domn rcqu`rcbcat. Ms tjc domn rcqu`rcbcat fjmakcs, tjc ﬍r`ak rmtc w`dd fjmakc mfforn`akdy.. ^jus `t `s rchcrrcn to ms bonudmtcn ﬍r`ak. mfforn`akdy Wo`at N rcprcscats tjc bmx`bub ﬍r`ak rmtc oh tjc euracr, or j`kj﬍rc. @a tjc cvcat prcssurc or tcbpcrmturc nrops wj`dc tjc euracr `s ﬍r`ak mt j`kj﬍rc, `t `an`fmtcs tjmt tjc domn cxfccns tjc fmpmf`ty oh tjc eo`dcr. ^jc ﬍r`ak krmpj (H`kurc 3-6) sjows tjmt po`at E man po`at F no aot fo`af`nc. Cxtrcbc domn foan`t`oas foudn rcqu`rc ttjc jc po`ats ec fdoscdy bmtfjcn. [jca sct ms sjowa, w`tj m t`bc dmk ectwcca E man F, tjc euracr w`dd ec `a m dow ﬍rc pos`t`oa upoa m rcstmrt man w`dd w `dd ﬍rc mt tjmt rmtc hor m sjort pcr`on oh t`bc echorc hmdd`ak prcssurc or tcbpcrmturc rcqu`rcs ma `afrcmsc `a tjc ﬍r`ak rmtc.

Aotc9 Oa-Ohh fyfd`ak `a cxfcss oh : fyfdcs pcr jour w`dd sjortca tjc d`hc oh tjc fobeust`oa m`r botor man fmusc cxfcss`vc wcmr oa sw`tfj kcmr man p`dot cdcftroncs. @h po`ats E man F ovcrdmp wjca rcstmrt offurs, tjc euracr woudn nr`vc to m j`kjcr ﬍r`ak pos`t`oa `bbcn`mtcdy mhtcr tjc bm`a ſtmbc wms provca.

Aotc9 @t `s aot rcfobbcancn tjmt tjc eo`dcr foat r ods ec sct so ms t o ovcr dmp t jc bonudmt`ak foatrod rmakc man opcrmt`ak foatrod rmakc. [jca ﬍r`ak m fodn eo`dcr, `t `s rcfobbcancn tjmt tjc euracr ec lcpt mt dow ﬍rc, uancr bmaumd ſtmbc foatrod, uat`d aorbmd opcrmt`ak prcssurc or tcbpcrmturc `s rcmfjcn. @h tjc euracr `s aot uancr bmaumd foatrod oa m fodn stmrt, `t w`dd `bbcn`mtcdy bovc towmrn j`kj ﬍rc ms sooa ms tjc prokrmb foatrod rcdcmscs tjc f`rfu`t tjmt jodns tjc euracr `a dow ﬍rc. ^jc bonudmt`ak foatrod w`dd ec fmdd`ak hor j`kj ﬍rc man tjc euracr w`dd bovc to tjmt pos`t`oa ms rmp`ndy ms tjc nmbpcr botor fma fobpdctc `ts trmvcd.

Aotc9 Ump`n jcmt `aput fma sueicft tjc prcssurc vcsscd bctmd man rchrmftory to uancs`rmedc foan`t`oas. No aot opcrmtc tjc eo`dcr `a cxfcss oh 07% oh tjc smhcty vmdvc rcd`ch sctt`ak. ^jc fdoscr tjc opcrmt`ak prcssurc `s to tjc smhcty vmdvc rcd`ch prcssurc, tjc krcmtcr tjc poss`e`d`ty oh vmdvc dcmlmkc. Foat`aucn dcmlmkc, jowcvcr sd`kjt, w`dd fmusc cros`oa man acfcss`tmtc cmrdy smhcty vmdvc rcpdmfcbcat. ^jc foatrod sctt`aks oa m jot wmtcr eo`dcr bust ec w`tj`a tjc tcbpcrmturc d`b`ts oh tjc eo`dcr. @ncmddy, tjc eo`dcr opcrmt`ak foatrods sjoudn ec sct uancr mftumd domn foan`t`oas. Cspcf`mddy uancr acw foastruft`oa foan`t`oas, tjc eo`dcr `s `a`t`mddy stmrtcn man sct to opcrmtc

;37-0=

8-3

    

 

Fjmptcr 8

  

         Mniustbcat Wrofcnurcs

uancr dcss tjma hudd domn rcqu`rcbcats. Ms sooa ms poss`edc tjcrcmhtcr, tjc foatrods sjoudn ec rcsct to prov`nc bmx`bub ut`d`zmt`oa oh tjc bonudmt`ak ﬍r`ak systcb. ^o mffobpd`sj bmx`bub ut`d`zmt`oa, man mssub`ak tjmt m`r/hucd fobeust`oa rmt`os jmvc ecca sct, bmlc tjc rcqu`rcn mniustbcats to tjc foatrods to er`ak tjc eo`dcr prcssurc or tcbpcrmturc up to bcct tjc domn rcqu`rcbcats. ^o propcrdy sct tjc bonudmt`ak foatrod, fmrchuddy mniust `t uancr domn foan`t`oas, uat`d tjc domn `s bm`atm`acn w`tj tjc euracr ﬍r`ak mt m stcmny rmtc. ^jc ﬍r`ak rmtc mt tjmt po`at bmy ec hudd j`kj ﬍rc or sd`kjtdy dcss, ncpcan`ak upoa tjc rcdmt`oasj`p oh tjc eo`dcr s`zc to tjc domn. [jca tjc bonudmt`ak foatrod `s sct man tjc euracr `s `a hudd j`kj ﬍rc, tjc sfmdc sctt`ak oh tjc bonudmt`ak prcssurc foatrod oa m stcmb eo`dcr w`dd `an`fmtc tjc dow po`at oh tjc bonudmt`ak rmakc. ^jc sfmdc sctt`ak oh tjc bonudmt`ak tcbpcrmturc foatrod oa m jot wmtcr eo`dcr w`dd jmvc m rcmn`ak tjmt `an`fmtcs tjc b`npo`at oh tjc bonudmt`ak rmakc. ^jc opcrmt`ak d`b`t foatrod sjoudn aow ec mniustcn man tjc n`hhcrcat`md n`hhcrcat` md cstmed`sjcn. @a ma `astmddmt`oa tjmt nocs aot rcqu`rc m vcry fdosc foatrod oh stcmb prcssurc or wmtcr tcbpcrmturc tjc mniustmedc n`hhcrcat`md (H`kurc 8-8 M to E) sjoudn ec sct ms w`nc ms foan`t`oas pcrb`t, s`afc m w`nc sctt`ak w`dd prov`nc dcss hrcqucat euracr fyfd`ak. ^jc j`kj d`b`t foatrod prov`ncs m smhcty hmftor to sjut tjc euracr ohh `a tjc cvcat tjc opcrmt`ak d`b`t foatrod sjoudn hm`d. ^jc sctt`ak oh tjc foatrod sjoudn ec suh﬍f`catdy meovc tjc opcrmt`ak d`b`t foatrod to mvo`n au`smafc sjutnowas. ^jc sctt`ak, jowcvcr, bust ec w`tj`a tjc d`b`ts oh tjc smhcty vmdvc sctt`aks man sjoudn aot cxfccn 07% oh tjc vmdvc sctt`ak. ^jc foatrod rcqu`rcs bmaumd rcsctt`ak mhtcr `t sjuts ohh tjc euracr. @a tjc sctt`ak oh tjc foatrods, foas`ncrmt`oa bust ec k`vca to tjc t`bc rcqu`rcn hor m euracr rcstmrt. Cmfj stmrt, rcqu`rcs m prcpurkc pcr`on, pdus tjc ﬍xcn t`bc rcqu`rcn hor prov`ak tjc p`dot man bm`a ſtmbc. @a mnn`t`oa, mpprox`bmtcdy oac-jmdh  b`autc `s rcqu`rcn hor tjc nmbpcr botor to trmvcd hrob dow to j`kj ^jc t`bc dmkd`b`ts. bmy mddow prcssurc or tcbpcrmturc to nrop ﬍rc. ecdow ncs`rmedc

H. BONSDM^@AK WUC WUCVVSUC VVSUC FOA^UOD (Vtcmb) ^ura tjc mniust`ak sfrcw uat`d tjc `an`fmtor `s oppos`tc tjc dow po`at oh tjc ncs`rcn bonudmt`ak rmakc. Bonudmtcn ﬍r`ak w`dd rmakc ectwcca tjc dow po`at man m j`kjcr po`at cqumd to tjc bonudmt`ak rmakc oh tjc pmrt`fudmr foatrod. @a 7-=3 ps` foatrods tjc rmakc `s =/5 de< `a 3-=37 ps` foatrods tjc rmakc `s 3 des< `a =7-677 ps` foatrods tjc rmakc `s =5 des.

H`kurc9 8-; Vtcmb Opcrmt`ak Foatrods

! FMS^@OA NMAKCU ^o prcvcat euracr sjutnowa mt otjcr tjma  dow-h`rc sctt`ak, mniust tjc bonudmt`ak prcs-  surc foatrod to bonudmtc to dow h`rc ECHOUC  tjc opcrmt`ak d`b`t prcssurc foatrod sjuts  ohh tjc euracr. Hm`durc to hoddow tjcsc `a-  struft`oas foudn rcsudt `a nmbmkc to tjc  cqu`pbcat 

K. OWCUM^@AK D@B@^ WUCVVSUC FOA^UOD (Vtcmb) Vct tjc —fut-out‒ (euracr-ohh) prcssurc oa tjc bm`a sfmdc us`ak tjc dmrkc mniust`ak sfrcw. Vct tjc n`hhcrcat`md oa tjc sjort sfmdc ey tura`ak tjc sbmdd mniust`ak sfrcw uat`d tjc `an`fmtor po`ats to tjc ncs`rcn n`hhcrcafc ectwcca fut-out man fut-`a prcssurcs. ^jc —fut-`a‒ (euracr-oa) prcssurc `s tjc futout prcssurc B@ASV tjc n`hhcrcat`md. ^jc fut-out prcssurc sjoudn aot cxfccn 07% oh tjc smhcty vmdvc sctt`ak.

J. J@KJ D@B@^ WUCVVSUC FOA^UOD (Vtcmb) Vct —fut-out‒ (euracr (euracr ohh) prcssurc oa tjc bm`a sfmdc us`ak tjc mniust`ak sfrcw. ^jc foatrod w`dd ercml m f`rfu`t wjca prcssurc rcmfjcs tj`s po`at. ^jc sctt`ak sjoudn ec suh﬍f`catdy meovc tjc opcrmt`ak d`b`t prcssurc foatrod to mvo`n sjutnowas, man prchcrmedy aot cxfccn 07% oh smhcty vmdvc sctt`ak. ^jc foatrod rcqu`rcs bmaumd rcsctt`ak mhtcr tr`pp`ak oa m prcssurc `afrcmsc. ^o rcsct, mddow prcssurc to rctura to aorbmd man tjca prcss tjc rcsct euttoa.

@. BONSDM^@AK BONSDM^@AK ^CBWC ^CBWCUM UM^SUC ^SUC FOA^UOD (Jot (Jo t [mtcr) [mtcr) ^ura tjc laoe oa tjc hroat oh tjc fmsc uat`d tjc po`atcr `an`fmtcs tjc ncs`rcn sctpo`at tcbpcrmturc. ^jc ncs`rcn sct po`at `s tjc fcatcr po`at oh m proport`oamd rmakc. ^jc foatrod jms m 6 to 67 · n`hhcrcat`md man bmy ec mniustcn to vmry tjc tcbpcrmturc rmakc w`tj`a wj`fj bonudmt`ak mft`oa `s ncs`rcn.

8-8

;37-0=

                                            

 

Mniustbcat Wrofcnurcs

Fjmptcr 8 jot wmtcr eo`dcr, tjc sctt`ak `s aot to cxfccn 5>7· H. ^jc foatrod rcqu`rcs bmaumd rcsctt`ak mhtcr tr`pp`ak oa m tcbpcrmturc `afrcmsc. ^o ^o rcsct, mddow tjc wmtcr tcbpcrmturc to nrop ecdow tjc fut-out sctt`ak dcss n`hhcrcat`md, man tjca prcss tjc bmaumd rcsct euttoa.

=

5

D. DO[ [M [M^CU FS^OHH NCX@FCV (Vtcmb man Jot [mtcr)

5 6

=. BONSDM^@AK ^CBWCUM^SUC FOA^UOD 5. OWCUM^@AK ^CBWCUM^SUC FOA^UOD 6. J@KJ D@B@^ ^CBWCUM^SUC FOA^UOD

H`kurc9 8-: Jot [mtcr Foatrods

[`tj tjc fovcr ohh, tura tjc mniustbcat wjccd uat`d po`atcr `an`fmtcs ncs`rcn rmakc.

! FMS^@OA NMAKCU ^o prcvcat euracr sjutnowa mt otjcr tjma  dow-h`rc sctt`ak mniust bonudmt`ak tcbpcrm-  turc foatrod to bonudmtc dow h`rc ECHOUC  opcrmt`ak d`b`t tcbpcrmturc foatrod sjuts  ohh euracr. Hm`durc to hoddow tjcsc `astruf-  t`oas foudn rcsudt `a nmbmkc to tjc cqu`p-  bcat.

I. OWCUM^@AK OWCUM^@AK D@B@^ ^CBWCUM^SUC FOA^UOD (Jot (Jo t [ [mtcr) mtcr) Vct —fut-out‒ (euracr ohh) tcbpcrmturc oa tjc sfmdc ey `ascrt`ak m sfrcwnr`vcr tjroukj tjc fovcr opca`ak to cakmkc tjc sdottcn jcmn mniust`ak sfrcw. ^jc —fut-`a‒ (euracr oa) tcbpcrmturc `s tjc fut-out tcbpcrmturc B@ASV tjc n`hhcrcat`md. n`hhcrcat` md. ^jc n`hhcrcat`md `s mniustcn hrob 3 to 67· H.

L. J@KJ D@B@^ D@ B@^ ^CBWCUM ^CBWCUM^SUC ^SUC FOA^UOD (Jot (Jo t [ [mtcr) mtcr) Vct tjc —fut-out‒ (euracr ohh) tcbpcrmturc oa sfmdc us`ak tjc mniust`ak sfrcw. ^jc foatrod w`dd ercml tjc f`rfu`t man dofl  out oa m r`sc `a wmtcr tcbpcrmturc meovc tjc sctt`ak. ^jc sctt`ak sjoudn ec suh﬍f`catdy meovc tjc opcrmt`ak d`b`t tcbpcrmturc to mvo`n uaacfcssmry sjutnowas. Oa m 67 ps`k

Ao mniustbcat `s rcqu`rcn s`afc D[FO foatrods mrc prcsct ey tjc or`k`amd bmauhmfturcr. Jowcvcr, `h tjc wmtcr dcvcd `s aot bm`atm`acn ms sjowa `a H`kurc 6-5, `aspcft tjc ncv`fcs `bbcn`mtcdy man rcpdmfc ms rcqu`rcn.

B. FOBESV^@OA M@U WUOX@AK V[@^FJ M`r prcssurc mkm`ast tjc n`mpjrmkb mftumtcs tjc sw`tfj wj`fj, wjca bmnc, fobpdctcs m f`rfu`t to provc tjc prcscafc oh  fobeust`oa m`r. m`r. V`afc tjc prcssurc oh tjc fobeust`oa m`r `s mt `ts b`a`bub vmduc wjca tjc nmbpcr `s hudd opca, tjc sw`tfj sjoudn ec mniustcn uancr tjmt s`tumt`oa. @t sjoudn ec sct sd`kjtdy ecdow tjc b`a`bub prcssurc, eut aot too fdosc to tjmt po`at to fmusc au`smafc sjutnowas. ^jc rua/tcst sw`tfj oa tjc prokrmb rcdmy sjoudn ec sct to ^CV^. ^ura tjc euracr sw`tfj oa. ^jc edowcr w`dd stmrt (prov`ncn tjmt mdd d`b`t f`rfu`ts mrc fobpdctcn) man tjc prokrmbbcr w`dd rcbm`a `a tjc dow-﬍rc (nmbpcr fdoscn) port`oa oh tjc prcpurkc.

Aotc9 Oa ma o`d ﬍rcn eo`dcr, eo` dcr, tjc mtob`z`ak m`r prov`ak sw`tfj (MMWV) bust mdso ec fdoscn. Aotc9 Oa m fobe`amt`oa hucd ﬍rcn euracr, tjc hucd scdcftor sw`tfj foudn ec sct mt —kms‒ to cd`b`amtc tjc mtob`z`ak m`r prov`ak sw`tfj hrob tjc f`rfu`try. ^o jmvc tjc bonudmt`ak nmbpcr botor nr`vc to j`kj ﬍rc (nmbpcr opca), rcbovc tjc fovcr hrob tjc botor man rcbovc tjc w`rc hrob tcrb`amd [. Vdowdy tura nowa tjc m`r sw`tfj mniust`ak sfrcw uat`d `t ercmls tjc f`rfu`t. Jcrc tjc prokrmbbcr w`dd dofl out man bust ec bmaumddy rcsct echorc `t fma ec rcstmrtcn. Mnn m jmdh  tura or so to tjc mniust`ak sfrcw to rcbmlc `ts f`rfu`t. Ucfyfdc tjc prokrmb rcdmy to ec surc tjmt aorbmd opcrmt`oa `s oetm`acn. Ucpdmfc tjc w`rc oa tcrb`amd [ man rc`astmdd tjc fovcr.. Uctura tjc tcst sw`tfj to tjc USA pos`t`oa. fovcr

;37-0=

8-;

                

 

Fjmptcr 8

Mniustbcat Wrofcnurcs

A. M^OB@Y@AK M@U WUOX@AK V[@^FJ ^jc m`r prcssurc mkm`ast tjc n`mpjrmkb mftumtcs tjc sw`tfj wj`fj, wjca fdoscn, fobpdctcs m f`rfu`t to provc tjc prcscafc oh mtob`z`ak m`r. V`afc tjc prcssurc oh tjc mtob`z`ak m`r `s mt `ts b`a`bub vmduc wjca tjcrc `s ao hucd prcscat mt tjc aozzdc, mniustbcat oh tjc sw`tfj sjoudn ec noac wj`dc tjc ua`t `s ruaa`ak eut aot ﬍r`ak. ^jc foatrod sjoudn ec sct sd`kjtdy ecdow tjc b`a`bub prcssurc, eut aot too fdosc to tjmt po`at to fmusc au`smafc sjutnowas. ^jc foatrod mniustbcat bmy ec bmnc nur`ak tjc prcpurkc pcr`on oh opcrmt`oa ey stopp`ak tjc prokrmbbcr nur`ak tjc prcpurkc pcr`on tjroukj tjc usc oh tjc ^CV^ sw`tfj. Uchcr to tjc foatrod `astruft`oa euddct`a hor nctm`ds.

tjc p`dot mniust`ak fofl. ^jc bm`a kms fofl sjoudn rcbm`a fdoscn. ^jc rckudmtor `a tjc p`dot d`ac, `h prov`ncn, `s to rcnufc tjc kms prcssurc to su`t tjc p`dot's rcqu`rcbcat oh ectwcca 3 to =7" [F. Uckudmtor mniustbcat `s aot fr`t`fmd< jowcvcr, w`tj m dowcr prcssurc tjc ﬍amd mniustbcat oh tjc p`dot ſtmbc w`tj mniust`ak fofl `s dcss scas`t`vc. 5. 6.

Foaacft Foaacft tjc b`fr b`fro-mbb o-mbbctcr ctcr ms outd`acn outd`acn cmrd cmrd`cr `cr.. ^ura ^ura tj tjcc euracr euracr sw`tfj sw`tfj oa. Dct ttjc jc euracr euracr ko tjroukj tjroukj tjc aorbmd prcpurkc fyfdc. [jca tjc `ka`t`oa tr`md pcr`on `s s`kamdcn, sct tjc tcst sw`tfj to tjc ^CV^ pos`t`oa to stop tjc scqucafc.

>.

@h tjc tjc p`dot p`dot ſtmbc `s a aot ot ccstmed stmed`sjc `sjcn n w`tj`a w`tj`a =7 =7 sc scfoans foans,, tura ohh tjc euracr sw`tfj. Ucpcmt tjc d`kjt`ak mttcbpt.

^jc mniustbcat sfrcw oh tjc mtob`z`ak m`r prov`ak sw`tfj fma tjca ec mniustcn uat`d `t ercmls tjc f`rfu`t. Jcrc, tjc prokrmbbcr w`dd dofl out man bust ec bmaumddy rcsct echorc `t fma ec rcstmrtcn. ^ur ^ura a tjc mniust`ak sfrcw up m jmdh tura or so to rcbmlc tjc f`rfu`t.

Aotc9 Oa ma `a`t`md stmrt`ak mttcbpt, port`oas oh tjc hucd d`acs bmy ec cbpty man rcqu`rc —edccn`ak‒ t`bc. @t `s ecttcr to mffobpd`sj tj`s w`tj rcpcmtcn sjort d`kjt`ak tr`md pcr`ons w`tj `atcrvca`ak purkc pcr`ons tjma to r`sl prodoakcn hucd `atronuft`oa. @h tjc p`dot nocs aot d`kjt mhtcr scvcrmd mttcbpts, fjcfl mdd fobpoacats oh tjc p`dot systcb.

V`afc tjc mniustbcat oh tjc m`r sw`tfj bmy ec bmnc c`tjcr nur`ak tjc nmbpcr fdoscn or nmbpcr opca pos`t`oa oh  prcpurkc, `t `s mdso poss`edc to bmlc tjc mniustbcat w`tj tjc rcdmy stoppcn `a tjc nmbpcr opca pos`t`oa `a m s`b`dmr bmaacr to tjc mniustbcat oh tjc fobeust`oa m`r prov`ak sw`tfj ncsfr`ecn `a Vcft`oa B.

3.

Mhtcr bml`ak tjc mniustbcat, rcfyfdc tjc foatrod to ec surc tjmt aorbmd opcrmt`oa `s oetm`acn. ^jc ^CV^ sw`tfj bust ec sct to USA pos`t`oa.

[jca tjc p`dot ſtmbc `s ccstmed stmed`sjcn `sjcn,, man w`tj tjc p`dot mniust`ak fofl w`nc opca, rcbovc tjc ſtmbc nctcftor hrob tjc euracr pdmtc. ^jc p`dot ſtmbc fma tjca ec oescrvcn tjroukj tj`s opca`ak.

! [MUA@AK NMAKCU

O. KMV W@DO^ HDMBC MNISV^BCA^

[cmr m protcft`vc sj`cdn or su`tmedc kdmsscs man lccp cycs suh﬍f`catdy mwmy hrob tjc s`kjt t uec opca`ak t o mvo`n scr `ous pcrsoamd `aiury or ncmtj. Acvcr rcbovc tjc ſtmbc nctcftor wj`dc tjc bm`a euracr `s ﬍r`ak. Hm`durc to hoddow tjcsc `astruft`oas foudn rcsudt `a scr`ous pcrsoamd `aiury or ncmtj.

^jc s`zc oh tjc kms p`dot ſtmbc `s rckudmtcn ey mniust`ak tjc kms ſtow tjroukj tjc p`dot kms rckudmtor man tjc mniust`ak fofl. ^jc ſtmbc bust ec suh﬍f`cat to `ka`tc tjc bm`a ſtmbc man to ec scca ey tjc ſtmbc nctcftor. Eut ma cxtrcbcdy dmrkc ſtmbc `s aot rcqu`rcn. Ma ovcrdy r`fj ſtmbc fma fmusc soot`ak or fmreoa eu`dnup oa tjc ſtmbc nctcftor. ^oo ^oo sbmdd m ſtmbc fma fmusc `ka`t`oa proedcbs. Mdtjoukj `t `s poss`edc to v`s`edy mniust tjc s`zc oh tjc p`dot ſtmbc, `t `s prchcrmedc to oetm`a m b`frombp or vodtmkc rcmn`ak oh tjc ſtmbc s`kamd.

! [MUA@AK NMAKCU [jca fjcfl`ak tjc p`dot ſtmbc, ec mwmrc tjc cdcftronc `s cacrk`zcn. Hm`durc to hoddow tjcsc `astruft`oas foudn rcsudt `a scr`ous pcrsoamd `aiury `aiur y.

^jc forrcft vodtmkc or b`frombp rcmn`aks fma ec houan `a tjc `ahorbmt`oa suppd`cn w`tj tjc ſtmbc smhckumrn systcb. ^jc prokrmb rcdmy uscn bmy ec oh tjc typc tjmt prov`ncs bcssmkc `ahorbmt`oa tjmt `afduncs m foastmat ſtmbc s`kamd oh  nf vodtmkc. @a tj`s fmsc m scpmrmtc nf vodtbctcr `s aot rcqu`rcn. ^o Bcmsurc man Mniust W`dot9 =.

[jc [jca a bml`ak bml`ak m p`dot p`dot mmniu niustb stbcat cat,, tur tura a tjc bm bmaum aumddmutobmt`f sw`tfj to —bmaumd‒ man tjc bmaumd ſtmbc foatrod to —fdosc.‒ Opca eotj tjc p`dot futohh fofl man

8.

^o bmlc bmlc tjc ﬍amd mnius mniustbca tbcat, t, sd sdowdy owdy fdosc tjc kms kms p` p`dot dot mniust`ak fofl uat`d tjc ſtmbc fma ao doakcr ec scca tjroukj tjc s`kjt tuec. ^jca sdowdy opca tjc fofl uat`d m ſtmbc prov`n`ak hudd s`kjt tuec fovcrmkc `s oescrvcn.

^jc mniustbcat bust ec mffobpd`sjcn w`tj`a tjc t`bc d`b`t oh  tjc smhcty sw`tfj or mpprox`bmtcdy 67 scfoans mhtcr tjc

8-:

;37-0=

               

 

Mniustbcat Wrofcnurcs nctcftor `s rcbovcn. @h tjc foatrod sjuts nowa, bmaumddy rcsct `t. Ucpdmfc tjc nctcftor man rcpcmt tjc profcss hrob stcp 3. ;.

[jc [jca a m su`tme su`tmedc dc ſtm ſtmbc bc ms `an` `an`fmt fmtcn cn `a pm pmrmk rmkrmp rmpj j 8 `s oetm`acn, rcpdmfc tjc nctcftor. Oescrvc tjc rcmn`ak oa tjc b`fro-mbbctcr. ^jc rcmn`ak sjoudn ec ectwcca 5-=/> man 3 b`frombps wjca us`ak m dcmn sud﬍nc nctcftor man m stmanmrn mbpd`﬍cr. Vcc tjc ſtmbc s`kamd tmedc `a tjc bmauhmfturcr's euddct`a euddct`a hor vmducs oh otjcr fobe`amt`oas.

^jc ſtmbc s`kamd `an`fmtcn oa tjc maauaf`mtor typc rcdmy sjoudn aot ec dcss tjma =7 Xnf, man bmy ec ms j`kj ms 57 Xnf or krcmtcr. ^jc rcmn`ak bust ec stcmny stcmny.. @h tjc rcmn`ak ſtuftumtcs, rcfjcfl  tjc mniustbcat. Ec surc tjmt tjc ſtmbc nctcftor `s propcrdy scmtcn man tjmt tjc dcas `s fdcma. :.

Uct Uctura ura ttjc jc tcst tcst sw`tf sw`tfj j to ttjc jc USA USA po pos`t s`t`oa `oa..

0.

@h bm bm`a `a ſtmbc ſtmbc jms ao aott ecc ecca a prc prcv`o v`ousd usdy y cst cstmed med`sj `sjcn, cn, profccn to no so `a mffornmafc w`tj `astruft`oas cdscwjcrc `a tjc bmaumd.

=7. ^jc rcmn rcmn`ak `ak oh tjc bm`a bm`a ſtmbc s` s`kamd kamd sjo sjoudn udn mds mdso o ec fjcflcn. Oescrvc tjc ſtmbc s`kamd hor p`dot mdoac, p`dot

Fjmptcr 8

Wrcssurc Ucqu`rcn mt Kms ^rm`a ^rm`a Catrmafc w`tj w` tj ^wo Xmdvcs man 6" W`pc EO@DCU JW

Vtmanmrn

J^E

DC

>77

=;.3‒ [F

=0.7"[F

56.7‒[F

377

58.7‒ [F

6=.7"[F

68.7‒[F

877

6:.3‒ [F

>7.7"[F

>:.7‒[F

;77

3:.7‒ [F

8>.7"[F

;7.7‒[F

:77

;6.7 [F

:7.3"[F

05‒[F

^medc 8-=. B`a`bub Act Uckudmtcn Kms Wrcssurc hor Umtcn Eo`dcr Output

MD^@^SNC HCC^ MEOXC VCM DCXCD

FOUUCF^@OA HMF^OU

=777

=.7>

5777

=.7;

5377

=.70

6777

=.==

>777

=.=8

3777

=.5=

8777

=.53

;777

=.67

:777

=.63

0777

=.>7

man bm`a euracr ſtmbc tokctjcr man tjc bm`a euracr ſtmbc mt j`kj, dow, man `atcrbcn`mtc ﬍r`ak rmtc pos`t`oas. Ucmn`aks sjoudn ec stcmny man `a tjc rmakc `an`fmtcn `a pmrmkrmpj ;. @h tjcrc mrc may ncv`mt`oas, rchcr to tjc trouedc sjoot`ak scft`oa `a tjc tcfja`fmd euddct`a.

W. KMV WUCVVSUC MAN HDO[ @AHOUBM^@OA Ecfmusc oh vmr`medcs `a eotj tjc propcrt`cs oh kms man tjc suppdy systcb, `t w`dd ec acfcssmry to rckudmtc tjc prcssurc oh  tjc kms to m dcvcd tjmt pronufcs m stcmny, ncpcanmedc ſtmbc tjmt y`cdns j`kjcst fobeust`oa ch﬍f`cafy mt rmtcn pcrhorbmafc yct prcvcats ovcr﬍r`ak. Oafc tjc opt`bub prcssurc jms ecca cstmed`sjcn, `t sjoudn ec rcforncn man pcr`on`f fjcfls bmnc to vcr`hy tjmt tjc rckudmtor `s jodn`ak tjc prcssurc mt tj`s dcvcd. Offms`oamd bon`﬍fmt`oa `a hucd fobpos`t`oa or prcssurc ey tjc suppd`cr bmy, mt t`bcs, rcqu`rc rcmniustbcat to rctura tjc euracr to pcml ch﬍f`cafy ch﬍f`cafy.. V`afc tjc kms prcssurc rckudmtor `tscdh `s usumddy hura`sjcn ey otjcrs, nctm`dcn mniustbcat `astruft`oas man mniust`ak profcnurcs rcfobbcancn ey tjc bmauhmfturcr sjoudn ec hoddowcn.

Wrcssurc ^jc kms suppd`cn bust prov`nc aot oady tjc qumat`ty oh kms ncbmancn ey tjc ua`t, eut bust mdso ec mt m prcssurc j`kj caoukj to ovcrfobc tjc prcssurc-doss nuc to tjc hr`ft`oamd rcs`stmafc `bposcn ey tjc euracr systcb man tjc foatrod vmdvcs. ^jc prcssurc rcqu`rcn mt tjc catrmafc to tjc euracr kms trm`a (H`kurc 5-=5) hor rmtcn eo`dcr output `s tcrbcn —act rckudmtcn

^medc 8-5. Wrcssurc/Mdt`tunc Forrcft`oa Hmftors

EO@DCU JW

J@KJ H@UC @AWS^ Etu/jr

DO[ H@UC @AWS^ Etu/jr

>77

=8,;37,777

>,=07,777

377

57,053,777

3,567,777

877

53,=77,777

8,5;3,777

;77

50,677,777

;,653,777

:77

66,377,777

:,6;3,777

^medc 8-6. Vtmanmrn Euracr Ucqu`rcn @aput

;37-0=

8-0

 

Fjmptcr 8

Mniustbcat Wrofcnurcs

EO@DCU JW

J@KJ H@UC @AWS^ Etu/jr

DO[ H@UC @AWS^ Etu/jr

>77

=8,;37,777

=,8;3,777

377

57,053,777

5,705,377

877

53,=77,777

5,3=7,777

;77

50,677,777

5,067,777

:77

66,377,777

6,637,777

^medc 8->. J`kj J` kj ^uranowa ^uranowa Euracr Ucqu`rcn @aput

(Etu/fu-ht) oh tjc kms suppd`cn man eo`dcr ch﬍f`cafy. ^jc suppdy`ak ut`d`ty fma prov`nc tjc `ahorbmt`oa. @AWS^ 2 OS^WS^ x =77%   CHH@F@CAFP KMV HDO[ 2 @AWS^   KMV E^S‐s/Ht6    

  OS^WS^ x =77 2CHH@F@CAFP x KMV E^S‐s/Ht6

Wrcssurc Forrcft`oa ^jc ſtow rmtc outd`acn `a Vcft`oa W `s emscn oa m —emsc‒ prcssurc, wj`fj `s usumddy mtbospjcr`f or =>.; ps`m.

UCKSDM^OU @ADC^ WUCVVSUC (WV@K)

WUCVVSUC HMF^OU

=

=.73

5

=.==

6

=.=:

>

=.53

^o cxprcss tjc vodubc oetm`acn hrob ma mftumd bctcr rcmn`ak `ato fue`f hcct mt emsc prcssurc, `t `s acfcssmry to budt`pdy tjc

3

=.65

bctcr `ancx rcmn`ak ey tjc propcr prcssurc hmftor oetm`acn hrob ^medc 8-3

8

=.60

;

=.>3

:

=.36

0

=.30

=7

=.88

==

=.;5

=5

=.:=

=6

=.:8

=>

=.06

=3

5.77

^medc 8-3. Wrcssurc Forrcft`oa Hmftors prcssurc.‒ ^jc kms prcssurc rckudmtor bust ec mniustcn to mfj`cvc tjc prcssurc to mssurc hudd `aput. ^jc prcssurc rcqu`rcbcat vmr`cs w`tj eo`dcr s`zc, mdt`tunc, man typc oh kms trm`a. Uchcr to ^medc 8-= hor prcssurc rcqu`rcbcats. ^jc prcssurcs d`stcn mrc emscn oa =777 Etu/fu-ht amturmd kms mt cdcvmt`oas up to ;77 hcct meovc scm dcvcd. Hor `astmddmt`oa mt j`kjcr mdt`tuncs, budt`pdy tjc scdcftcn prcssurc ey tjc propcr hmftor hrob ^medc 8-5.

Kms Hdow ^jc vodubc oh kms ſtow `s bcmsurcn `a tcrbs oh fue`f hcct man `s nctcrb`acn ey m bctcr rcmn`ak. ^jc kms ſtow rmtc rcqu`rcn hor bmx`bub eo`dcr output ncpcans oa tjc jcmt`ak vmduc

Bctcrs kcacrmddy bcmsurc kms `a fue`f hcct mt —d`ac‒ or suppdy prcssurc. ^jc prcssurc mt wj`fj cmfj fue`f hoot `s bcmsurcn man tjc forrcft`oa hmftor hor tjc prcssurc bust ec laowa `a orncr to foavcrt tjc qumat`ty `an`fmtcn ey tjc bctcr `ato tjc qumat`ty wj`fj woudn ec bcmsurcn mt —emsc‒ prcssurc.

Foavcrscdy9 ^o nctcrb`ac wjmt tjc bctcr `ancx rcmn`ak sjoudn sjoud n ec `a orncr to prov`nc tjc vodubc oh kms rcqu`rcn hor `aput, n`v`nc tjc ncs`rcn hdow rmtc ey tjc propcr prcssurc forrcft`oa hmftor. ^j`s maswcr `an`fmtcs tjc aubecr oh fue`f hcct mt d`ac prcssurc wj`fj bust pmss tjroukj tjc bctcr to ncd`vcr tjc cqu`vmdcat aubecr oh fue`f hcct mt emsc prcssurc. Ms ma cxmbpdc9 Mssubc tjmt m 877 jorscpowcr eo`dcr `s `astmddcn mt 5,777 hcct meovc scm dcvcd< `s cqu`ppcn w`tj m stmanmrn kms trm`a man m j`kj turanowa euracr< man tjmt =,777 Etu amturmd kms `s mvm`dmedc w`tj ma `afob`ak kms prcssurc oh 6 ps`k. ^jc prcssurc man hdow rcqu`rcbcats fma ec nctcrb`acn ms hoddows9 Wrcssurc Forrcft`oa hor tjc 5,777 hcct mdt`tunc bust ec bmnc s`afc mdt`tunc jms m ecmr`ak oa tjc act rckudmtcn kms prcssurc. ^jc stmanmrn kms trm`a rcqu`rcs 6;.3" [F kms prcssurc mt scm dcvcd (^medc 8-=). ^medc 8-5 `an`fmtcs m forrcft`oa hmftor oh =.7; hor 5,777 hcct. Budt`pdy`ak tjc rcsudts `a m fmdfudmtcn act rckudmtcn kms rcqu`rcbcat oh mpprox`bmtcdy >7.=" [F. ^j`s `s tjc `a`t`md prcssurc to wj`fj tjc rckudmtor sjoudn ec mniustcn. Vd`kjt mnn`t`oamd mniustbcat fma ec bmnc dmtcr, `h  acfcssmry,, to oetm`a tjc kms `aput accncn hor euracr rmt`ak. acfcssmry

8-=7

;37-0=

 

Mniustbcat Wrofcnurcs

Fjmptcr 8

=5

H@UV^ X@V@EDC ^UMFC OH V^MFL JMYC

==

   V    M =7    K    C    S    D    H    A    @

0

   5

   O    F    ^    A    C    F    U    C    W

:

;

8

3

0 87

: 3 > ; 8 WCU FCA^ O5 @  @A A HDSC KMV 37 57 >7 67 WCU FCA^ CZFCVV M@U

6

5

=3

=7

=

7

=

5

6 > 3 WCU FCA^ FO

8

=/=7 oh =% FO 2 =,777 WWB

H`kurc9 8-0 Hduc Kms Mamdys`s Fjmrt hor Amturmd Kms

Hdow

Fjcfl`ak Kms Hdow

V`afc tjc kms ſtow rmtc `s emscn oa stmanmrn foan`t`oas oh  ſtow,, forrcft`oa bust ec bmnc hor tjc suppdy prcssurc tjroukj ſtow tjc bctcr oh 6 ps`k. Nctcrb`ac tjc ſtow rmtc ey n`v`n`ak tjc Etu foatcat oh tjc kms `ato tjc euracr `aput (^medc 8-6) man

Pour kms suppd`cr fma kcacrmddy hura`sj m kms bctcr ſtow fjmrt hrob wj`fj kms ſtow fma ec nctcrb`acn. Mhtcr m sjort oescrvmt`oa pcr`on, tjc `ahorbmt`oa m`ns `a mniust`ak tjc rckudmtor to `afrcmsc or ncfrcmsc ſtow ms rcqu`rcn to oetm`a tjc

—forrcft‒ tj`s maswcr ey mppdy`ak tjc forrcft`oa hmftor hor 6 ps`k (^medc 8->).

rmt`ak.

Etu/jr @aput 2 FHJ (Fue`f hcct/jour) Etu/fu-ht OU 53,=77,777 =,777

2 53,=77 FHJ (Mt =>.; @e-mtbospjcr`f emsc prcssurc)

^JCA 53.=77 2 5=,5;= FHJ =.=: ^j`s `s tjc FHJ (mt d`ac prcssurc) tjmt bust pmss tjroukj tjc bctcr so tjmt tjc cqu`vmd cqu`vmdcat cat hudd `aput rcqu`rcbcat oh 53,=77 FHJ (mt emsc prcssurc) w`dd ec ncd`vcrcn.

H`amd mniustbcat oh tjc kms hucd `s fmrr`cn out ey bcmas oh tjc mniust`ak sfrcws `a tjc kms bonudmt`ak fmb, wj`dc pcrhorb`ak m fobeust`oa ch﬍f`cafy mamdys`s. Vcc Vcft`oa ] hor nctm`ds.

Aotc9 ^jc `ahorbmt`oa k`vca `a tj`s scft`oa `s hor mdd prmft`fmd purposcs suh﬍f`cat to sct man mniust foatrods hor kms `aput. Pour kms suppd`cr fma, `h acfcssmry, hura`sj cxmft forrcft`oa hmftors tjmt tmlc `ato foas`ncrmt`oa Etu foatcat, cxmft emsc prcssurc, spcf`﬍f krmv`ty, krmv`ty, tcbpcrmturc, ctf., oh tjc kms uscn.

;37-0=

8-==

 

Fjmptcr 8

Mniustbcat Wrofcnurcs ^jc mppcmrmafc or fodor oh tjc kms ſtmbc `s aot ma `an`fmt`oa oh `ts ch﬍f`cafy, ch﬍f`cafy, ecfmusc ma ch﬍f`cat kms ſtmbc w`dd vmry hrob trmaspmrcat educ to trmasdufcat ycddow ycddow..

^O HODDO[CU OH KMV BONSDM^@AK FMB

Bost ſtuc kms mamdyzcrs `a usc tonmy bcmsurc tjc foatcat, ey pcrfcatmkc oh oxykca (O5) man fmreoa boaox`nc (FO) c`tjcr ey pcrfcat or pmrts pcr b`dd`oa (ppb). (ppb). Fmreoa n`ox`nc (FO5) `s aot aorbmddy bcmsurcn w`tj tonmys ſtuc kms mamdyzcrs, eut bmy ec n`spdmycn v`m m fmdfudmt`oa. J@KJ H@UC

ES^^CUHDP KMV XMDXC UON

OXCUU@NC VWU@AKV

ES^^CUHDP KMV XMDXC MUB

DO[ H@UC

^jc O5 dcvcds tjroukj tjc cat`rc ﬍r`ak rmakc oh tjc euracr, dow ﬍rc to j`kj ﬍rc sjoudn ec tcstcn. ^jc euracr bmauhmfturcs rcfobbcanmt`oas oa turanowa sjoudn mdso ec hoddowcn man tjc turanowa rmakc oh tjc euracr sjoudn aot ec cxfccncn. @t‐s `bportmat to uancrstman wjmt tjc rcmn`aks sjowa oa ma `astrubcat rchcr to wjca sctt`ak fobeust`oa `a m eo`dcr. ^o mss`st w`tj tj`s uancrstman`ak H`kurc 8-0 sjows tjc rcdmt`oasj`p ectwcca O5 dcvcds (cxfcss m`r) man tjc pronufts oh fobeust`oa hor m typ`fmd ſtuc kms mamdys`s (amturmd kms). Oac oh tjc pronufts oh fobeust`oa `s FO5 (Fmreoa N`ox`nc). ^j`s `s sjowa `a pcrfcatmkc. Maotjcr pronuft oh fobeust`oa `s FO (fmreoa boaox`nc) man `s sjowa `a eotj pcrfcatmkc man pmrts pcr b`dd`oa (ppb). ^jc bmx`bub FO dcvcd stmanmrndy mddowcn `s dcss tjma >77 ppb. Jowcvcr,, tj`s bmy fjmakc sueicft to dofmd rckudmt`oas. Jowcvcr

DO[ H@UC V^OW VFUC[

J@KJ H@UC V^OW VFUC[

H`kurc9 8-=7 Euttcrſty Kms Xmdvc

]. KMV HSCD FOBESV^@OA MNISV^BCA^ Mhtcr opcrmt`ak hor m suh﬍f`cat pcr`on oh t`bc to mssurc m wmrb eo`dcr, mniustbcats sjoudn ec bmnc to oetm`a ch﬍f`cat fobeust`oa. Euracr ch﬍f`cafy `s bcmsurcn ey tjc mbouat or pcrfcatmkc oh  O5 prcscat `a tjc ſtuc kms. O 5  rcmn`aks nctcrb`ac tjc totmd mbouat or cxfcss m`r `a tjc fobeust`oa profcss, meovc tjc po`at oh sto`fj`obct sto`fj`obctr`f r`f fobeust`oa or pcrhcft fobeust`oa. Vto`fj`obctr`f fobeust`oa `s m tcrb uscn to ncsfr`ec m foan`t`oa wjca tjcrc `s tjc cxmft mbouat, bodcfudc hor bodcfudc, oh m`r hor tjc hucd mttcbpt`ak to ec euracn. ^j`s fma ec mffobpd`sjcn uancr dmeormtory foan`t`oas, jowcvcr `t‐s aot prmft`fmd to mttcbpt to bcct tj`s foan`t`oa `a m eo`dcr. Vto`fj`obctr`f fobeust`oa jowcvcr, `s tjc rchcrcafc po`at uscn wjca sctt`ak hucd/m`r rmt`os `a m eo`dcr eo`dcr.. ^jcrc bust mdwmys ec cxfcss m`r `a tjc fobeust`oa profcss to mffouat hor fjmakcs `a eo`dcr roob tcbpcrmturc man mtbospjcr`f foan`t`oas, man to casurc tjc fobeust`oa `s oa tjc propcr s`nc oh tjc fobeust`oa furvc (Vcc H`kurc 8-0). Wropcr sctt`ak oh tjc m`r/hucd rmt`os mt mdd rmtcs oh ﬍r`ak bust ec cstmed`sjcn ey tjc usc oh m fobeust`oa or ſtuc kms mamdyzcr.

MNISV^@AK VFUC[V  MAN NOKV

NCFUCMVC HDO[

@AFUCMVC  @AFUCMVC  HDO[ FMB HODDO[CU MVVCBEDP

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H`kurc9 8-== Hucd Bonudmt`ak Fmb

8-=5

;37-0=

 

Mniustbcat Wrofcnurcs

^jc pcrfcat O5 rcforncn oa ma `astrubcat cqumtcs to pcrfcat cxfcss m`r, @.C. 6% O 5 `s mpprox`bmtcdy =3% cxfcss m`r man >% O5 `s mpprox`bmtcdy 57% cxfcss m`r. ^jc cxmft pcrfcatmkc oh cxfcss m`r `s m bmtjcbmt`fmd fmdfudmt`oa emscn oa ma udt`bmtc hucd mamdys`s oh tjc hucd ec`ak ﬍rcn. @t `s kcacrmddy rcfobbcancn tjmt O 5 rcmn`aks oh ectwcca 6% to >% ec mttm`acn w`tj dcss tjma >77 ppb FO, mt j`kj ﬍rc. Ss`ak `ahorbmt`oa hrob Vcft`oa W oh Fjmptcr 8, nctcrb`ac tjc stmanmrn foan`t`oas oh kms prcssurc man ſtow hor tjc s`zc eo`dcr man tjc kms trm`a oa `t. Fmdfudmtc tjc mftumd prcssurc man ſtow tjroukj tjc usc oh forrcft`oa hmftors tjmt fobpcasmtc hor `afob`ak kms prcssurc man mdt`tunc. Ems`fmddy, kms mniustbcats mrc bmnc w`tj m kms prcssurc rckudmtor, wj`fj foatrods tjc prcssurc man w`tj tjc euttcrſty kms vmdvc  vmdvc  (H`kurc 8-=7)  8-=7)  wj`fj n`rcftdy foatrods tjc rmtc oh  ſtow. @a `a`t`mddy sctt`ak tjc d`almkc, emfl ohh tjc dow ﬍rc stop sfrcw oa tjc euttcrſty vmdvc so tjmt tjc vmdvc `s fdoscn. ^jca rua tjc sfrcw out to toufj tjc mrb, man k`vc `t two fobpdctc turas. Mniust tjc foaacft`ak ron so tjmt tjc ovcrr`nc tcas`oa `s rcdcmscn man so tjmt tjc mrb `s aow iust toufj`ak tjc stop sfrcw.. ^`kjtca tjc doflauts oa mdd emdd io`ats. Vcc H`kurc 8-=7. sfrcw ^jc dow ﬍rc sctt`ak sjoudn ec rckmrncn ms tcatmt`vc uat`d tjc propcr kms prcssurc hor j`kj ﬍rc opcrmt`oa `s cstmed`sjcn. ^o rcmfj tjc j`kj ﬍rc rmtc, tura tjc bmaumd ſtmbc foatrod sw`tfj towmrn —OWCA‒ `a b`aor `afrcbcats wj`dc boa`tor`ak fobeust`oa hor ovcrdy r`fj or dcma foan`t`oas. Mt j`kj ﬍rc, tjc kms euttcrſty vmdv vmdvcc sjoudn ec opca ms w`nc ms `an`fmtcn ey tjc sdot oa tjc can oh tjc sjmht. Vct man dofl tjc j`kj ﬍rc stop sfrcw so tjmt `t `s iust toufj`ak tjc vmdvc mrb. Nctcrb`ac tjc mftumd kms ſtow hrob m bctcr rcmn`ak. (Vcc scft`oa W oh Fjmptcr 8.) [`tj tjc euttcrſty vmdvc opca man w`tj rckudmtcn kms prcssurc sct mt tjc fmdfudmtcn prcssurc, tjc mftumd ſtow rmtc sjoudn ec fdosc to tjc rcqu`rcn `aput. @h  forrcft`oas mrc acfcssmry, `afrcmsc or ncfrcmsc tjc kms prcssurc ey mniust`ak tjc kms prcssurc rckudmtor, hoddow`ak tjc bmauhmfturcr's n`rcft`oas hor rckudmtor mniustbcat. [jca propcr kms ſtow `s oetm`acn, tmlc m ſtuc kms rcmn`ak. ^jc O5 sjoudn ec ectwcca 6% man >% mt j`kj ﬍rc. @h tjc hucd `aput `s forrcft, eut tjc O 5 vmducs no aot hmdd w`tj`a tj`s rmakc, tjc m`r nmbpcr trmvcd bmy accn to ec mniustcn. Mniustbcat oh tjc m`r nmbpcr d`almkc `s ncsfr`ecn `a Vcft`oa E oh Fjmptcr 8. [`tj tjc j`kj-﬍rc m`r/hucd rmt`o cstmed`sjcn, tjc kms prcssurc rckudmtor accns ao hurtjcr mniust`ak. Mhtcr ec`ak fcrtm`a tjmt tjc m`r foatrod nmbpcr man `ts d`almkc mrc forrcftdy mniustcn to prov`nc tjc propcr mbouat oh  scfoanmry m`r, man mhtcr mniust`ak tjc kms prcssurc rckudmtor, ﬍amd mniustbcat fma ec bmnc, `h acfcssmry, to tjc kms

Fjmptcr 8

bonudmt`ak fmb to oetm`a m foastmat m`r/hucd rmt`o tjroukjout tjc cat`rc ﬍r`ak rmakc. V`afc tjc `aput oh fobeust`oa m`r `s orn`amr`dy ﬍xcn mt may k`vca po`at `a tjc bonudmt`ak fyfdc, tjc ſtuc kms rcmn`ak `s nctcrb`acn ey vmry`ak tjc `aput oh kms hucd mt tjmt sctt`ak. ^jc mniustbcat `s bmnc to tjc bctcr`ak fmb ey bcmas oh  mniust`ak sfrcws, wj`fj mrc turacn outwmrn (fouatcrfdoflw`sc hrob tjc jcx-soflct can) to `afrcmsc tjc ſtow oh hucd, man `awmrn (fdoflw`sc hrob tjc jcx-soflct can) to ncfrcmsc `t. Hdow rmtc `s j`kjcst wjca tjc fmb hoddowcr msscbedy `s fdoscst to imflsjmht. Vcc H`kurc 8-==. ^jroukj tjc bmaumd ſtmbc foatrod sw`tfj, pos`t`oa tjc fmb so tjmt tjc mniust`ak sfrcw mnimfcat to tjc can or j`kj ﬍rc sfrcw foatmfts tjc fmb hoddowcr. Wcrhorb m fobeust`oa mamdys`s mt tj`s po`at. @h ma mniustbcat `s acfcssmry, tura tjc mniustbcat sfrcw mfforn`akdy to `afrcmsc or ncfrcmsc hucd ſtow. ^mlc m fobeust`oa rcmn`ak to vcr`hy `aput. Ucpcmt ms acfcssmry uat`d tjc ncs`rcn ſtow `s oetm`acn. Ucpcmt tjc profcss, stopp`ak mt cmfj mniust`ak sfrcw, uat`d tjc dow ﬍rc mniust`ak sfrcw `s rcmfjcn.

Aotc9 No aot usc may duer`fmat oa tjc mniust`ak sctsfrcws. ^jc sct sfrcws jmvc m aydoa dofl`ak `ascrt `atcancn to prov`nc dofl`ak torquc man rcs`stmafc to doosca`ak man m duer`fmat foudn nmbmkc cqu`pbcat.

Vtmanmrn Euracr Dow H`rc Mniustbcat ^jc hucd `aput sjoudn ec mniustcn us`ak tjc dow ﬍rc fmb sfrcw, to mpprox`bmtcdy 53% oh tjmt mt j`kj ﬍rc (^medc 8-6). Mt dow ﬍rc tjc O5 ſtuc kms rcmn`ak sjoudn ec ectwcca 8-;%. @t bmy ec acfcssmry to rcmniust tjc sctt`ak oh tjc dow ﬍rc stop sfrcw to oetm`a tjc propcr m`r/hucd rmt`o mt tjc dow ﬍rc rmtc. ^o casurc tjmt tjc dow ﬍rc pos`t`oa oh tjc kms euttcrſty vmdvc `s mdwmys tjc smbc, mddow oac tura oh tjc stop sfrcw hor ovcrtrmvcd. @h tjc m`r nmbpcr accns to ec mniustcn `a orncr to prov`nc tjc forrcft dow ﬍rc m`r/hucd rmt`o, fobeust`oa bust ec rcfjcflcn mt j`kjcr ﬍r`ak rmtcs man mniustcn ms rcqu`rcn. @h mdd fmb sfrcws mrc propcrdy mniustcn, aoac w`dd ncv`mtc hrob tjc kcacrmd ovcrmdd foatour oh tjc fmb hmfc.

J`kj ^uranowa ^uranowa Euracr Dow H`rc Mniustbcat ^jc hucd `aput sjoudn ec mniustcn us`ak tjc dow ﬍rc fmb sfrcw, to mpprox`bmtcdy =7% oh tjmt mt j`kj ﬍rc (^medc 8->). Mt dow ﬍rc tjc O5 ſtuc kms rcmn`ak sjoudn ec ectwcca 0.3==%. @t bmy ec acfcssmry to rcmniust tjc sctt`ak oh tjc dow ﬍rc stop sfrcw `a orncr to oetm`a tjc propcr m`r/hucd rmt`o mt dow ﬍rc. ^o casurc tjmt tjc dow ﬍rc pos`t`oa oh tjc kms euttcrſty vmdvc `s

;37-0=

8-=6

 

Fjmptcr 8

Mniustbcat Wrofcnurcs ^jc scfoan fmb mniust`ak sfrcw bmy accn to ec mniustcn `a orncr to bm`atm`a m sbootj fmb pro﬍dc. @h mdd sfrcws mrc propcrdy mniustcn, aoac w`dd ncv`mtc hrob tjc kcacrmd ovcrmdd foatour oh tjc fmb hmfc.

U. DO[-KMV-WUCVVSUC V[@^FJ Mniust tjc sfmdc sctt`ak to sd`kjtdy ecdow tjc aorbmd eura`ak 5 =

prcssurc. f`rfu`t erolca wjca prcssurc hmdds ecdow^jc tj`sfoatrod po`at. V`afc kmsw`dd d`acec n`str`eut`oa prcssurc bmy ncfrcmsc uancr sobc foan`t`oas, sjutnowas bmy rcsudt `h tjc sctt`ak `s too fdosc to aorbmd. Jowcvcr, rckudmt`oas rcqu`rc tjmt tjc sctt`ak bmy aot ec dcss tjma 37% oh tjc rmtcn prcssurc nowastrcmb oh tjc rckudmtor.

6

=. J@KJ KMV WUCVVSUC  V[@^FJ 5. DO[ KMV WUCVVSUC V[@^FJ 6. BM@A KMV XMDXCV

Bmaumd rcsctt`ak `s acfcssmry mhtcr m prcssurc nrop. Wrcss tjc rcsct dcvcr mhtcr prcssurc `s rcstorcn. Ec surc tjmt tjc bcrfury sw`tfj cqu`ppcn foatrod `s dcvcd.

H`kurc9 8-=5 Kms ^rm`a Wrcssurc Vw`tfjcs

mdwmys tjc smbc, mddow m jmdh tura oh tjc stop sfrcw hor ovcrtrmvcd.

V. J@KJ-KMV-WUCVVSUC V[@^FJ

@h tjc m`r nmbpcr bust ec rcsct to bcct tjc dow ﬍rc m`r/hucd rcqu`rcbcats. fobeust`oa mt j`kjcr ﬍r`ak rmtcs bust ec

Mniust tjc sfmdc sctt`ak to sd`kjtdy meovc tjc aorbmd eura`ak prcssurc. ^jc foatrod f`rfu`t w`dd ec erolca wjca prcssurc cxfccns tjc aorbmd opcrmt`ak prcssurc. Saacfcssmry

rcfjcflcn.

sjutnowas bmy rcsudt `h tjc sctt`ak `s too fdosc to aorbmd< 57777 =7777 BMZ@BSB D@B@^ HOU WSBW@AK

>777 6777 5777 =377 =777 ;37 377 637    n   a   o   f   c    V    d   m   s   r   c   v    `   a    S    t    d   o    e   y   m    V     y    t    `   s   o   f   s    `    X

A    O   .  8   

BMZ@BSB D@B@^ HOU M^OB@YM^@OA

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577 =37

A    O   UCFOBBCANCN  D@B@^ HOU M^OB@YM^@OA

=77 :7 ;7

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A    O   .  >   

87 37 >3 A    O   .  5  

>7

63

66 7

57

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87

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=55

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^cbpcrmturc - Nckrccs Hmjrcajc`t

577 557 5> 5>7 587 5: 5:7 67 677

H`kurc9 8 =6 O`d X`sfos`ty Fjmrt 8-=>

;37-0=

 

Mniustbcat Wrofcnurcs

Fjmptcr 8

jowcvcr, rckudmt`oas rcqu`rc tjmt tjc sctt`ak bmy aot ec krcmtcr tjma =37% oh rmtcn prcssurc. Bmaumd rcsctt`ak `s acfcssmry mhtcr m prcssurc r`sc. Wrcss tjc rcsct dcvcr mhtcr prcssurc hmdds. Ec surc tjmt tjc bcrfury sw`tfj cqu`ppcn foatrod `s dcvcd.

^. HSCD O@D WUCVVSUC MAN

6/=8‒

6/=8‒

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^CBWCUM^SUC - KCACUMD Xmr`mt`oas `a eura`ak fjmrmftcr`st`fs oh tjc hucd o`d bmy offms`oamddy rcqu`rc mniustbcats to mssurc j`kjcst fobeust`oa ch﬍f`cafy. ^jc jmand`ak man eura`ak fjmrmftcr`st`fs bmy vmry hrob oac ncd`vcry oh o`d to maotjcr. ^jcrchorc, `t `s rcfobbcancn tjmt tjc o`d systcb ec `aspcftcn hrob t`bc to t`bc to vcr`hy tjmt prcssurcs man v`sfos`ty mrc mt tjc propcr opcrmt`ak dcvcds. Ecfmusc oh vmr`mt`oa `a o`ds, `afdun`ak fjcb`fmd foatcat, sourfc, edcans, man v`sfos`ty fjmrmftcr`st`fs, tjc tcbpcrmturcs man prcssurcs d`stcn `a Fjmptcr 3, man bcat`oacn `a tjc mniust`ak oh tjc foatrods `a tjc hoddow`ak pmrmkrmpjs, w`dd

H`kurc9 8-=> Cdcftronc Vctt`ak ‖ O`d W`dot vmry man tjus bmy ec rckmrncn ms tcatmt`vc tcatmt`vc man to ec fjmakcn to prov`nc ecst ﬍r`ak foan`t`oas. H`kurc 8-=6 `s ma o`d v`sfos`ty-tcbpcrmturc fjmrt. @t bmy ec uscn ms m ku`nc, mdtjoukj your o`d suppd`cr w`dd ec medc to k`vc you borc cxmft `ahorbmt`oa emscn oa ma mamdys`s oh tjc o`d. Ucv`cw oh tjc mppd`fmedc bm`atcamafc `astruft`oas k`vca `a Fjmptcr : w`dd m`n `a bm`atm`a`ak ma ch﬍f`cat hucd systcb.

H`kurc9 8-=3 Euracr Nrmwcr [`tj Kms W`dot

;37-0=

8-=3

 

Fjmptcr 8

Mniustbcat Wrofcnurcs

V^MANMUN V^MANMUN ESUACU HDMBC NC^CF^OU V@KJ^ ^SEC

KMV WOU^V

N@HHSVCU O@D AOYYDC (WOV@^@OACN HOU O@D H@U@AK)

N@HHSVCU VL@U^ WOV@^@OACN =/>‒ ECJ@AN KMV JODCV

KMV W@DO^

J@KJ ^SUANO[A ESUACU O@D AOYYDC (WOV@^@OACN HOU O@D H@U@AK)

N@HHSVCU

KMV VWSNV

H`kurc9 8-=8 Euracr Jous`ak

8-=8

;37-0=

 

Mniustbcat Wrofcnurcs Aotc9 ^o prcvcat o`d jcmtcr fol`ak, tjc hucd o`d pubp bust ec `a opcrmt`oa nur`ak mdd t`bcs tjmt ma o`d jcmtcr `s `a scrv`fc. Nur`ak may t`bc tjmt tjc o`d pubp `s aot opcrmt`ak, tjc o`d jcmt`ak systcb bust ec cdcftr`fmddy sjut nowa ey bmaumddy tura`ak tjc o`d jcmtcr sw`tfj to tjc —ohh‒ pos`t`oa. [jca tjc eo`dcr `s sjut nowa, or sw`tfjcn ovcr to kms ﬍r`ak, tjc pubp bust opcrmtc hor m suh﬍f`cat pcr`on oh t`bc to food tjc o`d jcmtcr. V`b`dmrdy, V`b`dmrdy, `h ma cdcftr`f, stcmb, or jot wmtcr o`d jcmtcr `s rcbovcn hor scrv`f`ak, tjc tcbpcrmturc oh tjc jcmtcr sjoudn ec rcnufcn ey f`rfudmt`ak o`d uat`d `t jms foodcn.

S. HSCD O@D FOBESV^@OA MNISV^BCA^ Mhtcr opcrmt`ak hor m suh﬍f`cat pcr`on oh t`bc to mssurc m wmrb eo`dcr, mniustbcats sjoudn ec bmnc to oetm`a ch﬍f`cat fobeust`oa. Euracr ch﬍f`cafy `s bcmsurcn ey tjc mbouat or pcrfcatmkc oh  O5 prcscat `a tjc ſtuc kms. O5  rcmn`aks nctcrb`ac tjc totmd mbouat or cxfcss m`r `a tjc fobeust`oa profcss, meovc tjc po`at oh sto`fj`obctr`f fobeust`oa or pcrhcft fobeust`oa. Vto`fj`obctr`f fobeust`oa jowcvcr, `s tjc rchcrcafc po`at uscn wjca sctt`ak hucd/m`r rmt`os `a m eo`dcr eo`dcr.. ^jcrc bust mdwmys ec cxfcss m`r `a tjc fobeust`oa profcss to mffouat hor fjmakcs `a eo`dcr roob foan`t`oas man to casurc tjc fobeust`oa `s oa tjc propcr s`nc oh tjc fobeust`oa furvc (Vcc H`kurc 8-0). Wropcr sctt`ak oh tjc m`r/hucd rmt`os mt mdd rmtcs oh ﬍r`ak bust ec cstmed`sjcn ey tjc usc oh m fobeust`oa kms mamdyzcr. Ch﬍f`cat fobeust`oa fmaaot ec sodcdy iunkcn ey ſtmbc foan`t`oa or fodor, mdtjoukj tjcy bmy ec uscn `a bml`ak mpprox`bmtc sctt`aks. Fobeust`oa sctt`aks sjoudn ec noac so tjmt tjcrc `s m er`kjt sjmrp ſtmbc w`tj ao v`s`edc jmzc. Bost ſtuc kms mamdyzcrs `a usc tonmy bcmsurc tjc foatcat, ey pcrfcatmkc, oh oxykca (O 5 ) man `a sobc fmscs, sbolc. Fmreoa n`ox`nc (FO5) `s aot aorbmddy bcmsurcn w`tj boncra kms mamdyzcrs, eut bmy ec n`spdmycn ms m fmdfudmt`oa. ^jc O5 dcvcds tjroukj tjc cat`rc ﬍r`ak rmakc oh tjc euracr, dow ﬍rc to j`kj ﬍rc sjoudn ec tcstcn. ^jc euracr bmauhmfturcs rcfobbcanmt`oas oa turanowa sjoudn mdso ec hoddowcn man tjc turanowa rmakc oh tjc euracr sjoudn aot ec cxfccncn. @t `s rcqu`rcn to sct tjc euracr to opcrmtc w`tj m rcmsoamedc mbouat oh cxfcss m`r to fobpcasmtc hor b`aor vmr`mt`oas `a tjc prcssurc, tcbpcrmturc, or eura`ak propcrt`cs oh o`d. H`htcca to 57% cxfcss m`r `s foas`ncrcn rcmsoamedc. ^j`s woudn rcsudt `a ma O5 rcmn`ak oh 6% to >%, mt j`kj ﬍rc. H`amd mniustbcat to hucd `aput bust ec bmnc to pronufc m b`a`bub oh sbolc. M bmx`bub sbolc spot ncas`ty oh m Ao. 5 hor d`kjt o`d, or m Ao. > hor jcmvy o`d `s mffcptmedc, ms bcmsurcn `a foahorbmafc to MV^BN 5=38-86^.

Fjmptcr 8 ^jroukj tjc usc oh tjc bmaumd ſtmbc foatrod, sdowdy er`ak tjc ua`t to j`kj ﬍rc ey stmkcs wj`dc boa`tor`ak fobeust`oa hor ovcrdy r`fj or dcma foan`t`oas. Mt tjc j`kj ﬍rc pos`t`oa, tjc m`r nmbpcr sjoudn ec huddy opcacn man tjc m`r man o`d prcssurc rcmn`aks sjoudn ec oa tjc orncr oh tjc rcmn`aks k`vca `a Fjmptcr 3. ^mlc ^mlc m ſtuc kms mamdys`s rcmn`ak. @h acfcssmry, acfcssmry, mniust tjc hucd o`d foatroddcr to `afrcmsc or ncfrcmsc o`d prcssurc. Mniustbcats to tjc prcssurc sjoudn ec noac echorc mttcbpt`ak to mniust tjc sfrcws `a tjc bctcr`ak fmb. @ncmddy, tjc fmb pro﬍dc spr`ak sjoudn ec ms fdosc to tjc fmb fmst`ak ms prmft`fmd. @t `s borc ncs`rmedc to dowcr tjc o`d prcssurc to rcnufc ſtow, `h acfcssmry, tjma to cxtcan tjc mniust`ak sfrcws to ma cxtrcbc pos`t`oa `a ma chhort to fut emfl ſtow. Mhtcr ec`ak fcrtm`a tjmt tjc m`r foatrod nmbpcr man `ts d`almkc mrc opcrmt`ak propcrdy, ﬍amd mniustbcat fma ec bmnc, `h  acfcssmry,, to tjc o`d bonudmt`ak fmb to oetm`a m foastmat hucd/  acfcssmry m`r rmt`o tjroukj tjc cat`rc ﬍r`ak rmakc. V`afc tjc `aput oh fobeust`oa m`r `s orn`amr`dy ﬍xcn mt may k`vca po`at `a tjc bonudmt`ak fyfdc, tjc ſtuc kms rcmn`ak `s nctcrb`acn ey vmry`ak tjc `aput oh hucd mt tjmt sctt`ak. ^jc mniustbcat `s bmnc to tjc bctcr`ak fmb ey bcmas oh  mniust`ak sfrcws, wj`fj mrc turacn out (fouatcrfdoflw`sc hrob jcx-soflct can) to `afrcmsc tjc ſtow oh hucd man `a (fdoflw`sc hrob jcx-soflct can) to ncfrcmsc `t. Hdow rmtc `s j`kjcst wjca tjc fmb hoddowcr msscbedy `s fdoscst to tjc  imflsjmht. Vcc  Vcc H`kurc 8-==. @h o`d prcssurc, pr`bmry m`r prcssurc, man d`almkcs mrc propcrdy mniustcn, tjc bctcr`ak fmb sjoudn rcqu`rc b`a`bmd mniustbcat. Ss`ak tjc ſtmbc foatrod sw`tfj, pos`t`oa tjc fmb so tjmt tjc mniust`ak sfrcw mnimfcat to tjc can, j`kj-﬍rc sfrcw, foatmfts tjc fmb hoddowcr. Bmlc m fobeust`oa mamdys`s mt tj`s po`at. @h ma mniustbcat `s acfcssmry, tura tjc mniustbcat sfrcw mfforn`akdy to `afrcmsc or ncfrcmsc hucd ſtow. ^mlc m fobeust`oa rcmn`ak to vcr`hy `aput. Ucpcmt ms acfcssmry uat`d tjc ncs`rcn ſtow `s oetm`acn. Foat`auc tj`s prcssurc, stopp`ak mt cmfj mniust`ak sfrcw, uat`d tjc dow ﬍rc pos`t`oa `s rcmfjcn.

Aotc9 No aot usc may duer`fmat oa tjc mniust`ak sctsfrcws. ^jcsc jmvc m aydoa dofl`ak `ascrt `atcancn to prov`nc dofl`ak torquc man rcs`stmafc to doosca`ak man m duer`fmat foudn nmbmkc tjc cqu`pbcat.

Vtmanmrn Euracr Dow H`rc Mniustbcat (Jcmvy O`d) ^jc hucd `aput sjoudn ec mniustcn w`tj tjc dow ﬍rc fmb sfrcw sfrcw,, to mpprox`bmtcdy 53% oh tjmt mt j`kj ﬍rc. Mt dow ﬍rc tjc O 5 ſtuc kms rcmn`ak sjoudn ec ectwcca ;- :%.

;37-0=

8-=;

 

Fjmptcr 8

Mniustbcat Wrofcnurcs

J`kj ^uranowa ^uranowa Euracr Dow H`rc Mniustbcat (D`kjt O`d) Hucd `aput mt dow ﬍rc sjoudn ec mpprox`bmtcdy =5.3% oh tjmt mt j`kj ﬍rc. ^jc dow ﬍rc sfrcw sjoudn ec mniustcn to oetm`a tjc acfcssmry `aput hor tjc hucd turanowa rcqu`rcn. Mt dow ﬍rc tjc O5 ſtuc kms rcmn`ak sjoudn ec ectwcca ; - 0%. ^jc scfoan fmb mniust`ak sfrcw bmy accn to ec mniustcn `a orncr to bm`atm`a m sbootj fmb pro﬍dc.

X. ESUACU NUM[CU MNISV^B MNISV^BCA^ CA^ ^jcrc mrc rcdmt`vcdy hcw mniustbcats tjmt fma ec bmnc to tjc euracr< jowcvcr, m fjcfl sjoudn ec bmnc to mssurc tjmt mdd fobpoacats mrc propcrdy dofmtcn, man tjmt mdd jodn`ak sfrcws mrc propcrdy t`kjtcacn. H`kurcs 8-=; man 8-=; sjow vmr`ous v`cws or port`oas oh tjc euracr.

H`kurc9 8-=; O`d Kua @a Wdmfc, O`d Nrmw Vw`tfj Fdoscn

^jc n`hhuscr dofmt`oa oa kms ﬍rcn eo`dcrs `s qu`tc `bportmat. ^jcrc sjoudn ec =/>‒ n`stmafc ectwcca tjc cnkcs oh tjc n`hhuscr ﬍as man kms outdct tuecs (spuns)(scc H`kurc 8-=8). ^jc sctt`ak oh ma o`d ﬍rcn euracr `s dcss cxmft`ak man tjc n`hhuscr sjoudn ec dofmtcn w`tj tjc sl`rt mpprox`bmtcdy =-=/:‒ hrob tjc can oh tjc euracr tuec. [jca tjc propcr n`hhuscr dofmt`oa `s msfcrtm`acn, tjc sctt`ak oh tjc aozzdc `a rcdmt`oa to tjc n`hhuscr sjoudn ec fjcflcn. ^j`s kcacrmddy `s sct mt t`bc oh bmauhmfturc man scdnob accns mdtcr`ak. @t `s bost `bportmat tjmt o`d sprmy nocs aot `bp`akc upoa tjc n`hhuscr. ^jc n`stmafc tjmt tjc aozzdc `s ecj`an tjc n`hhuscr jms sobc dmt`tunc, man `an`v`numd `astmddmt`oas bmy rcqu`rc m sd`kjt ncv`mt`oa. ^jc spmf`ak `an`fmtcn `s 5". Fjcfl tjc sctt`ak oh tjc `ka`t`oa cdcftronc(s) hor propcr kmp man pos`t`oa. Vcc H`kurc 8-=3 hor tjc kms p`dot cdcftronc man H`kurc 8-=> hor tjc d`kjt o`d p`dot. Ec surc tjmt tjc porfcdm`a `asudmtor `s aot frmflcn man tjmt `ka`t`oa fmedc foaacft`oas mrc t`kjt. ^jc o`d aozzdc t`p sjoudn ec scmtcn t`kjtdy `a tjc eony w`tj tjc sw`rdcr man tjc scmt`ak spr`ak `a pdmfc. Vcc Vcft`oa K `a Fjmptcr : hor mnn`t`oamd aozzdc t`p `ahorbmt`oa. Fjcfl to scc tjmt tjc ſtmbc nctcftor s`kjt tuec man tjc kms p`dot tuec cxtcan tjroukj tjc`r rcspcft`vc opca`aks `a tjc n`hhuscr hmfc.

[. O@D NUM[CU V[@^FJ ^jc `atckrmd foatmfts oh tjc foatrod mrc fdoscn ey propcr pos`t`oa`ak man dmtfj`ak oh tjc o`d nrmwcr `a `ts horwmrn pos`t`oa (H`kurc 8-=;). Mniustbcat Mniustbcat oh tjc sw`tfj bust ec sufj tjmt `ts foatmfts opca `h tjc o`d nrmwcr `s aot propcrdy pos`t`oacn hor o`d ﬍r`ak. ^jc sw`tfj `s cdcftr`fmddy rcbovcn hrob tjc f`rfu`t wjca m fobe`amt`oa hucd euracr `s ﬍rcn oa kms (H`kurc 8-=:).

H`kurc9 8-=: O`d Kua Doflcn Out

Z. DO[ DO[-O@D-^CB -O@D-^CBWCUM WCUM^SUC ^SUC V[@^FJ ^jc D.O.^.V. tjc euracr stmrt`ak, or stops `ts opcrmt`oa, `h prcvcats tjc tcbpcrmturc oh hrob tjc o`d `s ecdow aorbmd opcrmt`ak tcbpcrmturc. ^o mniust tjc foatrod, `ascrt m sfrcwnr`vcr `ato tjc fcatcr sdot `a tjc foatrod fovcr man tura tjc n`md uat`d tjc ﬍xcn (fcatcr) po`atcr `s mpprox`bmtcdy 67 · H dowcr tjma tjc o`d jcmtcr tjcrbostmt sctt`ak. ^ura tjc n`hhcrcat`md mniust`ak sfrcw (dofmtcn meovc n`md) uat`d tjc bovmedc `an`fmtor `s mpprox`bmtcdy 3· H meovc tjc sctt`ak oa tjc bm`a sfmdc. Oa m jot wmtcr eo`dcr, tjc dow-o`d-tcbpcrmturc sw`tfj `s ma `atckrmd pmrt oh tjc cdcftr`f o`d jcmtcr. ^jc sw`tfj `s aoamniustmedc man `s hmftory sct mt mpprox`bmtcdy >7· H ecdow tjc bmx`bub opcrmt`ak tcbpcrmturc oh tjc jcmtcr. jcmtcr.

8-=:

;37-0=

 

Mniustbcat Wrofcnurcs

Fjmptcr 8

P. J J@KJ-O@D-^C @KJ-O@D-^CBWCUM BWCUM^SUC ^SUC V[@^FJ (OW^@OAMD)

kms mamdys`s. ^jcrc `s ao accn to jcmt tjc o`d `a cxfcss oh tjc tcbpcrmturc.

^jc J.O.^.V. prcvcats tjc euracr hrob stmrt`ak, or stops `ts opcrmt`oa, `h tjc tcbpcrmturc oh tjc o`d cxfccns tjc aorbmd opcrmt`ak tcbpcrmturc.

FF. JO^ [M^CU O@D JCM^CU ^JCUBOV^M^ (>77 man 877 Vcr`cs)

^o mniust, tura tjc n`md uat`d tjc po`atcr `s mpprox`bmtcdy 53· H meovc tjc aorbmd opcrmt`ak tcbpcrmturc. ^jc foatrods kcacrmddy jmvc m sct n`hhcrcat`md man w`dd fdosc 3 · H ecdow tjc sctpo`at.

^o mniust tjc tjcrbostmt, `ascrt m sfrcwnr`vcr `ato tjc fcatcr sdot `a tjc foatrod fovcr man tura tjc n`md uat`d tjc po`atcr `s mt tjc ncs`rcn tcbpcrmturc dcvcd. ^jc foatrod kcacrmddy jms m sct n`hhcrcat`md,, man w`dd fdosc 3·H ecdow tjc sctpo`at. n`hhcrcat`md

Y. DO[ O@D WUCVVSUC V[@^FJ (OW^@OAMD) ^jc D.O.^.V. prcvcats euracr `ka`t`oa, or stops `ts opcrmt`oa, wjca tjc o`d prcssurc `s ecdow tjc sctpo`at. Mniust tjc foatrod ey tura`ak tjc sfrcw oa top oh foatrod fmsc to ma `an`fmtcn prcssurc =7 ps` ecdow tjc cstmed`sjcn pr`bmry o`d prcssurc sctt`ak `an`fmtcn oa tjc o`d suppdy prcssurc kmukc. ^jc sw`tfj w`dd rcbm`a `a m fdoscn pos`t`oa ms doak ms tjc o`d prcssurc cxfccns tj`s sctt`ak. ^jc foatrod aorbmddy uscn mutobmt`fmddy rcscts wjca prcssurc `s rcstorcn mhtcr m nrop.

MM. CDCF^U@F O@D JCM^CU ^JCUBOV^M^ (>77 man 877 Vcr`cs Vtcmb) ^jc bmx`bub tcbpcrmturc sctt`ak oh tjc foatrod `s stmbpcn oa tjc n`md. ^jc bmx`bub ^cbpcrmturc sctt`ak `s mttm`acn w`tj tjc mniust`ak laoe turacn to tjc —j`kj‒ can oh tjc sfmdc. Dowcr sctt`aks mrc oetm`acn ey tura`ak tjc mniust`ak laoe fdoflw`sc us`ak tjc tjcrbobctcr `a tjc hucd o`d foatroddcr ms m ku`nc.

^jc tjcrbostmt foatmfts fdosc to cacrk`zc tjc eoostcr wmtcr pubp, wj`fj pubps wmtcr hrob tjc eo`dcr tjroukj tjc jcmtcr. Oa fodn stmrts, `t `s aorbmd prmft`fc to bmaumddy fdosc tjc vmdvc `a tjc pubp n`sfjmrkc d`ac uat`d tjc eo`dcr wmtcr tcbpcrmturc cxfccns tjc tcbpcrmturc oh hucd o`d catcr`ak tjc jcmtcr. ^jc cdcftr`f o`d jcmtcr oa m jot wmtcr eo`dcr eura`ak Ao. 8 o`d man cqu`ppcn w`tj m jot wmtcr o`d jcmtcr jms m eu`dt-`a mniustmedc tjcrbostmt. ^jc bmx`bub tcbpcrmturc sctt`ak `s stmbpcn oa `ts n`md. ^jc ncs`rcn tcbpcrmturc fma ec oetm`acn ey tura`ak tjc mniust`ak sfrcw. ^jc tjcrbostmt sjoudn ec sct mt m tcbpcrmturc mpprox`bmtcdy =3 nckrccs dowcr tjma tjc jot wmtcr jcmtcr tjcrbostmt. Vufj m tcbpcrmturc prcvcats tjc cdcftr`f jcmtcr hrob opcrmt`oa wjca tjc wmtcr jcmtcr `s huaft`oa`ak. ^jc cdcftr`f jcmtcr `s s`zcn to prov`nc suh﬍f`cat jcmtcn o`d hor dow-﬍rc opcrmt`oa oa fodn stmrts echorc jot wmtcr `s mvm`dmedc.

NN. V^CMB JCM^CU WUCVVSUC UCKSDM^OU (>77 man 877 Vcr`cs Vtcmb)

^jc ﬍amd sctt`ak oh tj`s tjcrbostmt sjoudn ec mt m tcbpcrmturc mpprox`bmtcdy =3· H dowcr tjma tjc stcmb jcmtcr tjcrbostmt. ^j`s cd`b`amtcs tjc cdcftr`f jcmtcr opcrmt`oa wjca tjc stcmb

^jc rckudmtor `s prov`ncn oa m eo`dcr ncs`kacn to opcrmtc mt prcssurcs meovc =3 ps` man rcnufcs eo`dcr stcmb prcssurc to tjc dcvcd acfcssmry hor propcr opcrmt`oa oh tjc stcmb o`d jcmtcr.. ^jc prcssurc sjoudn ec rcnufcn to m po`at tjmt pcrb`ts jcmtcr

jcmtcr `s huaft`oa`ak. ^jc cdcftr`f jcmtcr `s s`zcn to prov`nc suh﬍f`cat jcmtcn o`d hor dow-﬍rc opcrmt`oa oa fodn stmrts echorc stcmb `s mvm`dmedc.

suh﬍f`cat jcmt tjc Wrcssurc o`d, wj`dc mddow`ak ms foat`auoustcbpcrmturc m stcmb ſtow to ms poss`edc. tjmt `s too j`kj w`dd rcsudt `a hrcqucat fyfd`ak oh tjc stcmb sodcao`n vmdvc.

EE. V^CMB O@D JCM^CU ^JCUBOV^M^ (Ao. 8 O`d) (>77 man 877 Vcr`cs - Vtcmb) ^jc bmx`bub tcbpcrmturc sctt`ak oh tjc foatrod `s stmbpcn oa tjc n`md. ^jc bmx`bub tcbpcrmturc sctt`ak `s mttm`acn w`tj tjc mniust`ak laoe turacn to tjc —j`kj‒ can oh tjc sfmdc. Dowcr sctt`aks mrc oetm`acn ey tura`ak tjc mniust`ak laoe fdoflw`sc us`ak tjc tjcrbobctcr `a tjc hucd o`d foatroddcr ms m ku`nc. ^jc ﬍amd sctt`ak oh tjc tjcrbostmt sjoudn prov`nc o`d mt m suh﬍f`cat tcbpcrmturc hor ch﬍f`cat fobeust`oa emscn oa ſtuc

@t `s ecst to mniust tjc rckudmtor uancr typ`fmd ſtow foan`t`oas. ^o no so, `t `s sukkcstcn tjmt tjc kdoec vmdvc `a tjc stcmb suppdy d`ac ec fdoscn so tjmt tjcrc `s ao prcssurc oa tjc rckudmtor. ^ura out tjc mniust`ak sfrcw huddy to rcd`cvc fobprcss`oa oa tjc rckudmtor spr`ak, tjus fdos`ak tjc rckudmtor. [`tj stcmb mt aorbmd prcssurc, opca tjc kdoec vmdvc man tjca sct tjc scfoanmry prcssurc ey tura`ak tjc mniust`ak sfrcw or jmandc uat`d tjc nowastrcmb kmukc sjows tjc ncs`rcn prcssurc.

;37-0=

8-=0

 

Fjmptcr 8

Mniustbcat Wrofcnurcs

Aotcs 

8-57

 

 

  

;37-0=

     

FJMW^CU ; ^UOSEDC VJOO^@AK ! [MUA@AK NMAKCU ^rouedc sjoot`ak sjoudn ec pcrhorbcn oady ey pcrsoaacd wjo mrc hmb`d`mr w`tj tjc cqu`pbcat man wjo jmvc rcmn man uancrstman tjc foatcats oh tj`s bmaumd. Hm`durc to hoddow tjcsc `astruft`oas foudn rcsudt `a scr`ous pcrsoamd `aiury or ncmtj

! [MUA@AK NMAKCU N`sfoaacft man dofl out tjc bm`a powcr suppdy `a orncr to mvo`n tjc jmzmrn oh cdcftr`fmd sjofl.Hm`durc to hoddow tjcsc `astruft`oas foudn rcsudt `a scr`ous pcrsoamd `aiury or ncmtj Aotc9 @h your eo`dcr `s cqu`ppcn w`tj m FEJM[ L ℥ e o ` d c r b m a m k c b c a t f o a t r o d systcb, rchcr to FE-JM[L @astmddmt`oa, Opcrmt`ak man Vcrv`f`ak Bmaumd Ao. ;37=66 hor spcf`﬍f `ahorbmt`oa rckmrn`ak profcnurcs ncsfr`ecn `a tj`s scft`oa Fjmptcr ; mssubcs tjmt tjc ua`t jms ecca propcrdy `astmddcn man mniustcn, man tjmt `t jms ecca ruaa`ak hor sobc t`bc. @t `s hurtjcr mssubcn tjmt tjc opcrmtor jms ecfobc tjoroukjdy hmb`d`mr w`tj eotj euracr man bmaumd ey tj`s t`bc. ^jc po`ats uancr cmfj jcmn`ak mrc sct nowa er`cſty ms poss`edc fmuscs, sukkcst`oas or fducs to s`bpd`hy dofmt`ak tjc sourfc oh  trouedc. Bctjons oh forrcft`ak tjc trouedc, oafc `t jms ecca `ncat`﬍cn, bmy ec houan cdscwjcrc `a tj`s bmaumd. @h tjc euracr w`dd aot stmrt or opcrmtc propcrdy, tjc trouedc sjoot`ak Fjmptcr sjoudn ec rchcrrcn to hor mss`stmafc `a p`apo`at`ak proedcbs tjmt bmy aot ec rcmn`dy mppmrcat. ^jc prokrmb rcdmy jms tjc fmpme`d`ty to scdh-n`mkaosc man to n`spdmy m fonc or bcssmkc tjmt `an`fmtcs tjc hm`durc foan`t`oa. Uchcr to tjc foatrod euddct`a hor spcf`﬍fs man sukkcstcn rcbcn`cs.

Hmb`d`mr`ty w`tj tjc prokrmbbcr man otjcr foatrods `a tjc systcb bmy ec oetm`acn ey stuny`ak tjc foatcats oh tj`s bmaumd. Laowdcnkc oh tjc systcb man `ts foatrods w`dd bmlc trouedc sjoot`ak bufj cms`cr. Fostdy nowa-t`bc or ncdmys fma ec prcvcatcn ey systcbmt`f fjcfls oh mftumd opcrmt`oa mkm`ast tjc aorbmd scqucafc to nctcrb`ac tjc stmkc mt wj`fj pcrhorbmafc ncv`mtcs hrob aorbmd. Hoddow`ak m rout`ac bmy poss`edy cd`b`amtc ovcrdool`ak ma oev`ous foan`t`oa, ohtca oac tjmt `s rcdmt`vcdy s`bpdc to forrcft. @h ma oev`ous foan`t`oa `s aot mppmrcat, fjcfl tjc foat`au`ty oh tjc f`rfu`ts w`tj m vodtbctcr or tcst dmbp. Cmfj f`rfu`t fma ec fjcflcn man tjc hmudt `sodmtcn man forrcftcn. Bost f`rfu`try fjcfl`ak fma ec noac ectwcca mppropr`mtc tcrb`amds oa tjc tcrb`amd eomrns `a tjc foatrod fme`act or tjc catrmafc eox. Uchcr to tjc sfjcbmt`f w`r`ak n`mkrmb hor tcrb`amd `ncat`﬍fmt`oa.

;37-0=

 

;-=

        

Fjmptcr ;

^UOSEDC VJOO^@AK

Wroedcb

ESUACU NOCV AO^ V^MU^

Vodut`oa =.

Ao v vodtmk odtmkcc mt prokrmb prokrmb rrcdmy cdmy powc powcrr `a `aput put tcrb` tcrb`amds amds.. M.Bm`a n`sfoaacft sw`tfj opca. E. Edowa foatrod f`rfu`t husc. F. Doosc or erolca cdcftr`fmd cdcftr`fmd foaacft` foaacft`oa. oa.

5.

Wrokr Wrokrmb mb rcdm rcdmy y ssmhcty mhcty sw`tf sw`tfj j rrcqu`r cqu`rcs cs rcsc rcsctt`ak tt`ak..

6.

D`b` D`b`tt f`rf f`rfu`t u`t aot fobpd fobpdctcn„ ctcn„ao ao vodtmkc vodtmkc mt ccan an oh d`b`t d`b`t f`rfu`t f`rfu`t prokrmb prokrmb rcdmy rcdmy tcrb`amd. M.Wrcssurc or tcbpcrmturc `s meovc sctt`ak oh opcrmt`oa foatrod. (Domn ncbman d`kjt w`dd aot kdow.) E. [mtcr ecdow rcqu`rcn dcvcd. =). Dow-wmtcr d`kjt d`kjt (man mdmrb j jora)sjoudn ora)sjoudn `an`fmtc tj`s foan`t`oa. 5). Fjcfl bmaumd rcsct e euttoa, uttoa, `h prov`ncn, oa dow-wmtcr foatrod. F. sw`tfjcs. Hucd prcssurc bust ec w`tj`a sctt`aks sctt`aks oh dow prcssurc man j`kj prcssurc prcssurc N.O`d ﬍rcn ua`t - euracr kua bust ec `a hudd horwmrn pos`t`oa to fdosc o`d nrmwcr sw`tfj. C. ) Jcmvy o`d ﬍rcn ua`t - o`d tcbpcrmturc tcbpcrmturc ecdow b`a`bub b`a`bub sctt`aks.

>.

Hucd Hucd vmd vmdvc vc `atcr `atcrdof dofl l f`r f`rfu` fu`tt aot fo fobpd bpdctc ctcn. n. M. Hucd vmdvc mux`d`mry sw`tfj aot cafdoscn cafdoscn..

AO @KA@^@OA

=.

Dmfl oh oh ssp pmrl. M.Cdcftronc krouancn or porfcdm`a frmflcn. E. @bpropcr cdcftronc cdcftronc sctt`ak. F. Doosc tcrb`amd oa `ka`t`oa `ka`t`oa fmedc< fmedc sjortcn. N. @aopcrmt`v @aopcrmt`vcc `ka`t`oa trmashorbcr trmashorbcr.. C. @asuh﬍f`cat or ao vodtmkc mt p`dot `ka`t`oa `ka`t`oa f`rfu`t tcrb`amd.

5.

Vp Vpmr mrl l eut eut ao ſtm ſtmb bc. M. Dmfl oh hucd - ao kms prcssurc, fdoscn vmdvc, cbpty tmal, erolca d`ac, ctf. E. @aopcrmt`vc @aopcrmt`vc p`dot sodcao`n. F. @asuh﬍f`cat or ao vodtmkc mt p`dot `ka`t`oa `ka`t`oa f`rfu`t tcrb`amd. N. ^oo bufj m`r.

6.

Dow Dow ﬍rc ssw`t w`tfj fj opca opca `a ddow ow ﬍rc ﬍rc pr prov` ov`ak ak f`rfu f`rfu`t. `t. M. Nmbpcr botor aot fdoscn, sd`ppcn fmb, nchcft`vc sw`tf sw`tfj. j. E. Nmbpcr imbbcn or d`almkc e`an`ak.

;-5

 

;37-0=

             

^UOSEDC VJOO^@AK

Fjmptcr ;

Wroedcb

Vodut`oa >.

Uuaa`a Uuaa`ak k `atcrd `atcrdofl ofl f`rf f`rfu`t u`t a aot ot fo fobpd bpdctc ctcn. n. M. Fobeust`oa or mtob`z`ak m`r prov`ak sw`tfjcs nchcft`vc or aot propcrdy sct. E. Botor stmrtcr `atcrdofl `atcrdofl foatmft aot fdoscn.

W@DO^ HDMBC, ES^ AO BM@A HDMBC

3.

Hdmb Hdmbcc nctcftor nctcftor nchcft nchcft`vc `vc,, s`kjt tuec o oestru estruftcn ftcn,, or dca dcass n`rty n`rty.

=.

@asu @asuh﬍ h﬍f` f`ca catt p p`d `dot ot ſtm ſtmbc bc..

5.

Kms Kms H` H`rrcn Sa`t Sa`t.. M.Bmaumd kms fofl fdoscn. E. Bm`a kms vmdvc vmdvc `aopcrmt`v `aopcrmt`vc. c. F. Kms prcssurc rckudmtor rckudmtor `aopcrmt`v `aopcrmt`vc. c.

6.

O`d ﬍r ﬍rcn ua ua`t. M. O`d suppdy fut ohh ey oestruft`oa, fdoscn vmdvc vmdvc,, or doss oh suft`oa. E. Vuppdy pubp `aopcrmt`v `aopcrmt`vc. c. F. Ao hucd. hucd. N. Bm`a o`d vmdvc `aopcrmt` `aopcrmt`vc. vc. C. Fjcfl o`d aozzdc, aozzdc, kua man d`acs.

ESUACU V^MPV @A DO[ H@UC

VJS^NO[A OFFSUV NSU@AK H@U@AK

>.

Hdmbc nctcftor nctcftor nc nchcft` hcft`vc, vc, s`kjt s`kjt tu tuec ec oes oestruft truftcn cn or dcas dcas n` n`rty rty..

3.

@asuh﬍f`ca @asuh﬍f`catt or ao vodtm vodtmkc kc mt b bm`a m`a hucd hucd vmdvc vmdvc f`rfu` f`rfu`tt tcrb`amd tcrb`amd..

=.

Wrcssurc Wrcssurc o orr tcb tcbpcrm pcrmturc turc meov meovcc bonudmt`a bonudmt`ak k foa foatrod trod sctt sctt`ak. `ak.

5. 6.

Bmaumd Bmaumd-mu -mutob tobmt` mt`ff sw` sw`tfj tfj ``a a wroak wroak pos`t`o pos`t`oa. a. @aopcr @aopcrmt` mt`vc vc bo bonud nudmt` mt`ak ak bot botor or (sc (sccc Vcft Vcft`oa `oa H). H).

>.

Nchcft Nchcft`v `vcc bonudm bonudmt`a t`ak k foatro foatrod. d.

3.

E`an`a E`an`ak k or doosc doosc d` d`alm almkc, kc, fmbs, fmbs, sctsf sctsfrc rcws, ws, ctf. ctf.

=.

Doss Doss o orr sstop toppmk pmkcc o ohh hucd hucd sup suppdy pdy..

5.

Nchcft`v Nchcft`vcc hu hucd cd v vmdvc mdvc. 3.

Dcas Dcas n`rty n`rty or ss`kj `kjtt ttuec uec oes oestru truftc ftcn. n. @h tjc prokrm prokrmbbcr bbcr ddoflou ofloutt sw`t sw`tfj fj jms aot aot tr`p tr`ppcn, pcn, fjcfl fjcfl tjc dd`b`t `b`t ff`rfu` `rfu`tt hor ma opcacn smhcty foatrod.

;37-0=

;-6

           

 

Fjmptcr ;

^UOSEDC VJOO^@AK 8.

@h tjc tjc pro prokrm krmbbc bbcrr dof doflou loutt sw` sw`tfj tfj jms jms tr tr`pp `ppcn9 cn9 M. Fjcfl hucd d`acs man vmd vmdvcs. vcs. E. Fjcfl ſtmbc nctcftor nctcftor.. F. Fjcfl hor opca f`rfu`t `a ruaa`ak ruaa`ak `atcrdofl f`rfu`t. N. ^jc ſtmbc hm`durc d`kjt `s cacrk`zcn ey `ka`t`oa hm`durc, hm`durc, bm`a ſtmbc hm`durc, `amncqumtc ſtmbc s`kamd, or opca foatrod `a tjc ruaa`ak `atcrdofl f`rfu`t.

Wroedcb

VJS^NO[A OFFSUV NSU@AK H@U@AK

Vodut`oa ;.

@bprop @bpropcr cr mm`r/ `r/huc hucdd rmt`o rmt`o (dcma (dcma ﬍rc) ﬍rc).. M.Vd`pp`ak d`almkc. E. Nmbpc Nmbpcrr stufl opca. F. Hduftumt`ak hucd suppdy. suppdy. =). ^cbpormry ^cbpormry oest oestruft`oa ruft`oa `a hucd d`ac. 5). ^cbpormry ^cbpormry nrop `a kms prcssurc. 6). Or`﬍fc kmtc vmdvc mff`ncatmddy op opcacn cacn (jcmvy o`d).

BONSDM^@AK BO^OU NOCV AO^ OWCUM O WCUM^C ^C

:.

@atcrdofl @atcrdofl ncv ncv`fc `fc `aopcrmt` `aopcrmt`vc vc or nchcft`v nchcft`vc. c.

=.

Bmaumd Bmaumd-mu -mutob tobmt` mt`ff sw` sw`tfj tfj ``a a wroak wroak pos`t`o pos`t`oa. a.

5.

D` D`al almk mkcc doo doosc sc or im imbb bbcn cn..

6.

Botor nocs nocs aot nr` nr`vc vc to opca or ffdosc dosc nur`ak nur`ak prc prc-pur -purkc kc or fdosc o oa a eurac euracrr sjutnowa. sjutnowa. M.Botor nchcft`vc. E. Doosc cdcftr`fmd cdcftr`fmd foaacf foaacft`oa. t`oa. F. Nmbpcr botor trmashorbcr trmashorbcr nchcft`v nchcft`vc. c.

>.

Botor Botor nocs nocs a aot ot opcrmt opcrmtcc oa oa ncbm ncbman. an. M. Bmaumd/mutobmt` Bmaumd/mutobmt`ff sw`tfj `a wroak pos`t`oa. E. Bonudmt`ak foatrod `bpropcrdy `bpropcrdy sct or `aopcrmt`vc. F. Botor nchcft`vc. N. Doosc cdcftr`fmd foaacft`oa. C. Nmbpcr botor trmashorbcr trmashorbcr nchcft nchcft`vc. `vc.

;->

 

  

;37-0=

       

FJMW^CU : @AVWCF^@OA MAN BM@A^CAMAFC M. Kcacrmd Kcacrmd . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .:-= E. H`rcs`nc Fdcma`ak. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .:-5 F. [mtcr [mtcr Dcvcd Foat Foatrods rods man [mtcrs`nc [mtcrs`nc . . . . . . . . . . . . :-5 N. [mtcr [mtcr Km Kmukc ukc Kdms Kdmsss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . :-6 C. Cdcftr`fmd Cdcftr`fmd F Foatro oatrods ds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . :-6 H. Hdmbc Vmhcty Vmhcty Fo Foatrod atrod . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . :-> K. O`d Euracr Bm`atcamafc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .:-3 J. Kms Euracr Bm`atcamafc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .:-; @. Botor`zcn Kms Xmdvc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .:-; I. Vodcao`n Xmdvcs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .:-; L.M`r Foatrod Nmbpcr, Nmbpcr, D`al D`almkc mkc man Fmb Vpr`ak . . . .:-; D. Horfcn Nrmht Hma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .:-:

Aotc9 Hor borc `ahorbmt`oa oa mppropr`mtc your ſtmbc smhckumrn systcb, rchcr to tjc bmaumd tjmt wms prov`ncn w`tj your eo`dcr

! FMS^@OA NMAKCU @aspcft`oa man bm`atcamafc sjoudn ec pcr-  horbcn oady ey trm`acn pcrsoaacd wjo mrc  hmb`d`mr w`tj tj`s cqu`pbcat. Hm`durc to hod-  dow tjcsc `astruft`oas foudn rcsudt `a cqu`p-  bcat nmbmkc 

M. KCACUMD M wcdd-pdmaacn bm`atcamafc prokrmb w`dd jcdp mvo`n uaacfcssmry nowa-t`bc or fostdy rcpm`rs, probotc smhcty smhcty,, man m`n eo`dcr `aspcftors. Ma `aspcft`oa sfjcnudc w`tj m d`st`ak oh  profcnurcs sjoudn ec cstmed`sjcn. @t `s rcfobbcancn tjmt m eo`dcr roob dok or rcforn ec bm`atm`acn. Ucforn`ak oh nm`dy, wccldy,, boatjdy, man ycmrdy bm`atcamafc mft`v`t`cs prov`ncs wccldy m vmdumedc ku`nc man m`ns `a oetm`a`ak cfoaob`fmd man dcaktjy scrv`fc hrob Fdcmvcr-Erools cqu`pbcat. M eo`dcr `aspcft`oa sfjcnudc `s sjowa `a H`kurc :-67. @t `s `bportmat to rcmd`zc tjmt tjc hrcqucafy oh `aspcft`oa w`dd ncpcan oa vmr`medc foan`t`oas9 sufj ms domn, hucd, systcb rcqu`rcbcats, eo`dcr cav`roabcat (`anoor/outnoor) ctf. Koon jousclccp`ak jcdps bm`atm`a m prohcss`oamd mppcmr`ak eo`dcr roob. Oady trm`acn man mutjor`zcn pcrsoaacd sjoudn ec pcrb`ttcn to opcrmtc, mniust, or rcpm`r tjc eo`dcr man `ts rcdmtcn cqu`pbcat. ^jc eo`dcr roob sjoudn ec lcpt hrcc oh mdd bmtcr`md man cqu`pbcat aot acfcssmry to tjc opcrmt`oa oh tjc eo`dcr or jcmt`ak systcb.

B. FE-DC Hma/Botor Fmsscttc Ucbov Ucbovmd md . . . . . . . . . . .:-0 A. FE-DC @aspcft`oa man Mniustbcat . . . . . . . . . . . .:-=7 O. FE-DC M`reox M`reox Kmslct @astmddmt`oa @astmddmt`oa . . . . . . . . . . . .:-=5 W. FE-DC Hma/Botor Fmsscttc @astmddmt`oa @astmddmt`oa . . . . . . . . .:-=5 ]. Vmhcty Xmdvcs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .:-=; U. Hucd O`d Bctcr`ak Xmdvc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .:-=; V. M`r Wubp man Fobpoacats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .:-=: ^. Uchrmftory. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .:-5= S. Opca`ak man Fdos`ak Ucmr Ucmr Noor . . . . . . . . . . . . . .:-53 X. Duer`fmt`oa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .:-5; [. O`d Jcmtcrs„Cdcftr`f, Vtcmb, Jot [mtcr . . . . . . .:-5: Z. Fobeust`oa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .:-5:

Cvcabmlc tjoukj eo`dcr jms cdcftr`fmd man bcfjma`fmd ncv`fcs tjmt `t tjc mutobmt`f or scb`-mutobmt`f `a opcrmt`oa, tjc ncv`fcs rcqu`rc systcbmt`f man pcr`on`f bm`atcamafc. May mutobmt`f hcmturc nocs aot rcd`cvc tjc opcrmtor hrob rcspoas`e`d`ty, eut rmtjcr hrccs tjc opcrmtor hrob fcrtm`a rcpct`t`vc fjorcs prov`n`ak t`bc to ncvotc to uplccp man bm`atcamafc. Mdcrtacss `a rcfoka`z`ak ma uausumd ao`sc, `bpropcr kmukc rcmn`ak, dcmls, ctf., fma bmlc tjc opcrmtor mwmrc oh m ncvcdop`ak bmdhuaft`oa man pcrb`t probpt forrcft`v forrcft`vcc mft`oa tjmt bmy prcvcat cxtcas`vc rcpm`rs or uacxpcftcn nowat`bc. May dcmls - hucd, wmtcr, stcmb, cxjmust kms - sjoudn ec rcpm`rcn probptdy man uancr foan`t`oas tjmt oescrvc acfcssmry smhcty prcfmut`oas. Wrcvcat`vc bm`atcamafc bcmsurcs, sufj ms rckudmrdy fjcfl`ak tjc t`kjtacss oh  foaacft`oas, doflauts, sctsfrcws, pmfl`ak kdmans, ctf., sjoudn ec `afduncn `a rckudmr bm`atcamafc mft`v`t`cs.

Wcr`on`f @aspcft`oa @asurmafc rckudmt`oas man dofmd dmws rcqu`rc pcr`on`f `aspcft`oa oh tjc prcssurc vcsscd ey ma mutjor`zcn `aspcftor. Vcft`oa J oh  Fjmptcr 6 foatm`as `ahorbmt`oa rcdmt`vc to tjc `aspcft`oa. @aspcft`oas mrc usumddy, tjoukj aot acfcssmr`dy acfcssmr`dy,, sfjcnudcn hor pcr`ons oh aorbmd eo`dcr nowa t`bc, sufj ms ma ohh scmsoa. ^j`s bmior `aspcft`oa fma ohtca ec uscn to mffobpd`sj bm`atcamafc, rcpdmfcbcat or rcpm`rs tjmt fmaaot cms`dy ec noac mt otjcr t`bcs. @aspcft`oa mdso scrvcs ms m koon ems`s hor cstmed`sj`ak m sfjcnudc hor maaumd, boatjdy, boatjdy, or otjcr pcr`on`f bm`atcamafc prokrmbs. [j`dc tjc `aspcft`oa pcrtm`as pr`bmr`dy to tjc wmtcrs`nc man ﬍rcs`nc surhmfcs oh tjc prcssurc vcsscd, `t prov`ncs tjc

opcrmtor ma cxfcddcat opportua`ty hor nctm`dcn `aspcft`oa man ;37-0=

 

:-=

                

Fjmptcr : fjcfl oh mdd fobpoacats oh tjc eo`dcr `afdun`ak p`p`ak, vmdvcs, pubps, kmslcts, rchrmftory, rchrmftory, ctf. Fobprcjcas`vc Fobprcjcas`vc fdcma`ak, spot pm`at`ak or rcpm`at`ak, man tjc rcpdmfcbcat oh  cxpcanmedc `tcbs sjoudn ec pdmaacn hor man tmlca fmrc oh  nur`ak tj`s t`bc. May bmior rcpm`rs or rcpdmfcbcats tjmt bmy ec rcqu`rcn sjoudn mdso, `h poss`edc, ec foorn`amtcn w`tj tjc pcr`on oh eo`dcr sjutnowa. Ucpdmfcbcat spmrc pmrts, `h aot oa jman, sjoudn ec orncrcn suh﬍f`catdy pr`or to sjutnowa.

Aotc9 Fdcmvcr-Erools kcau`ac pmrts sjoudn ec uscn to casurc propcr opcrmt`oa.Foatmft your dofmd Fdcmvcr-Erools rcprcscatmt`vc hor pmrts `ahorbmt`oa man orncr`ak Fdcmvcr-Erools eo`dcrs mrc ncs`kacn, cak`accrcn, man eu`dt to Fdcmvcr-Erools prov`nc doak d`hc man cxfcddcat scrv`fc. Koon opcrmt`ak prmft`fcs man foasf`cat`ous bm`atcamafc man fmrc w`dd mssurc ch﬍f`cafy man cfoaoby hrob tjc`r opcrmt`oa, man w`dd foatr`eutc to bmay ycmrs oh pcrhorbmafc. M totmd protcft`oa pdma `afduncs m Wdmaacn Bm`atcamafc Wrokrmb tjmt fovcrs bmay oh tjc `tcbs `afduncn `a tj`s fjmptcr. Hor `ahorbmt`oa rckmrn`ak m totmd protcft`oa pdma, foatmft your dofmd Fdcmvcr Fdcmvcr-Erools -Erools mutjor`zcn rcprcscatmt` rcprcscatmt`vc. vc.

E. H@UCV@NC FDCMA@AK

@AVWCF^@OA MAN BM@A^CAMAFC

F. [M [M^CU DCXCD FOA^UODV ^jc accn to pcr`on`fmddy fjcfl wmtcr dcvcd foatrods man tjc wmtcrs`nc oh tjc prcssurc vcsscd fmaaot ec ovcrcbpjms`zcn. Bost `astmafcs oh bmior eo`dcr nmbmkc mrc tjc rcsudt oh  opcrmt`ak w`tj dow wmtcr, or tjc usc oh uatrcmtcn (or `aforrcftdy) trcmtcn wmtcr wmtcr.. Mdwmys ec surc oh tjc eo`dcr wmtcr dcvcd. Oa stcmb eo`dcrs, tjc wmtcr foduba sjoudn ec edowa nowa nm`dy. Fjcfl smbpdcs oh  eo`dcr wmtcr man foancasmtc `a mffornmafc w`tj profcnurcs rcfobbcancn ey your dofmd Fdcmvcr-Erools mutjor`zcn rcprcscatmt`vc. Uchcr to Vcft`oas K man J `a Fjmptcr 6 hor edownowa `astruft`oas man `atcramd `aspcft`oa profcnurcs. V`afc dow-wmtcr futohh ncv`fcs mrc kcacrmddy sct ey tjc or`k`amd bmauhmfturcr, ao mttcbpt sjoudn ec bmnc to mniust tjcsc foatrods to mdtcr tjc po`at oh dow-wmtcr futohh or po`at oh  pubp fut-`a or fut-out. @h m dow-wmtcr ncv`fc sjoudn ecfobc crrmt`f `a opcrmt`oa, or `h `ts sctt`ak fjmakcs hrob prcv`ousdy cstmed`sjcn dcvcds, foatmft your dofmd Fdcmvcr-Erools mutjor`zcn rcprcscatmt` rcprcscatmt`vc. vc.

Vtcmb Eo`dcr H`kurc :-= `s m rcpd`fm oh tjc dow-wmtcr futohh pdmtc mttmfjcn to m stcmb eo`dcr. ^jc `astruft`oas sjoudn ec hoddowcn oa m nc﬍a`tc sfjcnudc.^jc foatrods aorbmddy huaft`oa hor doak pcr`ons oh t`bc, wj`fj bmy dcmn to dmx`ty `a tcst`ak oa tjc mssubpt`oa tjmt aorbmd opcrmt`oa w`dd foat`auc `anc﬍a`tcdy. `anc﬍a`tcdy.

Voot man aoa-fobeust`edcs mrc chhcft`vc `asudmtors, man, `h  mddowcn to mffubudmtc, w`dd rcnufc jcmt trmashcr to tjc wmtcr man `afrcmsc hucd foasubpt`oa. Voot man otjcr ncpos`ts fma ec vcry bo`sturc-mesorecat, man bmy mttrmft bo`sturc to horb forros`vcc mf`ns tjmt w`dd nctcr`ormtc ﬍rcs`nc bctmd. forros`v Fdcma-out sjoudn ec pcrhorbcn mt rckudmr man hrcqucat `atcrvmds, ncpcan`ak upoa domn, typc, man qumd`ty oh hucd, `atcramd eo`dcr tcbpcrmturc, man fobeust`oa ch﬍f`cafy. M stmfl tcbpcrmturc tjcrbobctcr fma ec uscn ms m ku`nc to fdcma-out `atcrvmds ma mffubudmt`oa oh soot ncpos`ts w`dd rm`sc tjc ſtuc kmss`afc tcbpcrmturc. ^uec fdcma`ak `s mffobpd`sjcn ey opca`ak tjc hroat man rcmr noors. ^uecs bmy ec erusjcn hrob c`tjcr can. Mdd doosc soot man mffubudmt`oas sjoudn ec rcbovcn. May soot, or otjcr ncpos`ts, sjoudn ec rcbovcn hrob tjc huramfc man tuec sjccts. Uchcr to Vcft`oa ] oh Fjmptcr : hor `astruft`oas oa propcrdy fdos`ak rcmr jcmns. ^jc ſtuc kms outdct man stmfl sjoudn ec `aspcftcn maaumddy man fdcmacn ms acfcssmry. Fobbcrf`md ﬍rbs mrc mvm`dmedc to pcrhorb tjc worl. ^jc stmfl sjoudn ec `aspcftcn hor nmbmkc man rcpm`rcn ms rcqu`rcn. ^jc ﬍rcs`nc sjoudn ec tjoroukjdy fdcmacn pr`or to may cxtcancn dmy-up oh tjc eo`dcr. Ncpcan`ak upoa f`rfubstmafcs, m protcft`vc fomt`ak bmy ec rcqu`rcn. Vcc Vcft`oa @ `a Fjmptcr 6.

H`kurc9 :-= Dow-[mtcr Wdmtc

:-5

 

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@AVWCF^@OA MAN BM@A^CAMAFC

Fjmptcr : Fdosc tjc vmdvcs wjca rcpdmf`ak tjc kdmss. Vd`p m pmfl`ak aut, m pmfl`ak wmsjcr, man pmfl`ak r`ak oato cmfj can oh tjc kdmss. @ascrt oac can oh tjc kdmss `ato tjc uppcr kmukc vmdvc eony hmr caoukj to mddow tjc dowcr can to ec nroppcn `ato tjc dowcr eony. Vd`nc tjc pmfl`ak auts oato cmfj vmdvc man t`kjtca. @t `s rcfobbcancn tjmt tjc eo`dcr `s ohh man food wjca tjc kdmss `s rcpdmfcn. Jowcvcr `h tjc kdmss `s rcpdmfcn wj`dc tjc eo`dcr `s `a scrv`fc, opca tjc edownowa man sdowdy er`ak tjc kdmss to opcrmt`ak tcbpcrmturc ey opca`ak tjc kmukc vmdvcs sd`kjtdy.. Mhtcr kdmss `s wmrbcn up, fdosc tjc edownowa vmdvc sd`kjtdy man opca tjc kmukc vmdvcs fobpdctcdy.

! [MUA@AK NMAKCU H`kurc9 :-5 Dow [mtcr Futohh - Futmwmy Oa m stcmb eo`dcr, tjc jcmn bcfjma`sb oh tjc dow-wmtcr futohh ncv`fc(s) sjoudn ec rcbovcn hrob tjc eowd mt dcmst scb`-maaumddy to fjcfl man fdcma tjc ſtomt emdd, tjc `atcramd bov`ak pmrts, man tjc eowd or wmtcr foduba. Ucbovc tjc p`pc pduks hrob tjc tccs or frosscs man bmlc fcrtm`a tjc fross-foaacft`ak p`p`ak `s fdcma man hrcc oh  oestruft`oas. Foatrods bust ec bouatcn `a m pdube pos`t`oa hor propcr pcrhorbmafc. Nctcrb`ac tjmt p`p`ak `s vcrt`fmddy md`kacn mhtcr sj`pbcat man `astmddmt`oa man tjroukjout d`hc oh  cqu`pbcat. M edownowa oh tjc wmtcr foatrods oa m stcmb eo`dcr sjoudn ec pcrhorbcn nm`dy

Jot [mtcr Eo`dcr. Eo`d cr. @t `s `bprmft`fmd to edownowa tjc dow-wmtcr futohh ncv`fcs oa m jot wmtcr eo`dcr s`afc tjc cat`rc wmtcr foatcat oh tjc systcb woudn ecfobc `avodvcn. Bmay jot wmtcr systcbs mrc huddy fdoscn man may doss oh wmtcr w`dd rcqu`rc bmlc-up man mnn`t`oamd hccnwmtcr trcmtbcat tjmt b`kjt aot otjcrw`sc ec acfcssmry. V`afc tjc eo`dcr man systcb mrrmakcbcat usumddy bmlc `t `bprmft`fmd to pcrhorb nm`dy man boatjdy bm`atcamafc oh tjc dow-wmtcr futohh ncv`fcs, `t `s csscat`md to vcr`hy propcr opcrmt`oa. Ucbovc tjc opcrmt`ak bcfjma`sb hrob tjc eowd maaumddy or borc hrcqucatdy, `h poss`edc, to fjcfl man fdcma ſtomt emdd, `atcramd bov`ak pmrts, man tjc eowd jous`ak. Mdso fjcfl tjc fross-foaacft`ak p`p`ak to ec fcrtm`a tjmt `t `s fdcma man hrcc oh oestruft`oa.

N. [M^CU [M^CU KMSKC KDMV KDMVV V M erolca or n`sfodorcn kdmss sjoudn ec rcpdmfcn mt oafc. Wcr`on`f rcpdmfcbcat sjoudn ec m pmrt oh tjc bm`atcamafc prokrmb. Mdwmys usc acw kmslcts wjca rcpdmf`ak m kdmss. Ssc m propcr s`zc rueecr pmfl`ak. No aot usc doosc pmfl`ak, wj`fj foudn ec horfcn ecdow tjc kdmss man poss`edy pduk tjc vmdvc opca`ak.

No aot mttcbpt to fjmakc tjc kmukc kdmss wj`dc tjc eo`dcr `s `a scrv`fc. Hm`durc to hoddow tjcsc `astruft`oas foudn rcsudt `a scr`ous pcrsoamd `aiury or ncmtj Fjcfl try-fofls man kmukc fofls hor hrccnob oh opcrmt`oa man fdcma ms rcqu`rcn. @t `s `bpcrmt`vc tjmt tjc kmukc fofls mrc bouatcn `a cxmft md`kabcat. @h tjcy mrc aot, tjc kdmss w`dd w `dd ec strm`acn man bmy hm`d prcbmturcdy.

C. CDCF^U@FMD FOA^UODV ^jc opcrmt`ak foatrods sjoudn ec `aspcftcn boatjdy. Cxmb`ac t`kjtacss oh cdcftr`fmd foaacft`oas man lccp tjc foatrods fdcma. Ucbovc may nust tjmt mffubudmtcs `a tjc `atcr`or oh tjc foatrod us`ak m dow prcssurc m`r. ^ ^mlc mlc fmrc aot to nmbmkc tjc bcfjma`sb. Cxmb`ac may bcrfury tuec sw`tfjcs hor nmbmkc or frmfls. Nmrl sfub ovcr tjc aorbmddy er`kjt surhmfc oh tjc bcrfury, bmy dcmn to crrmt`f sw`tfj`ak mft`oa. Ec fcrtm`a tjmt foatrods mrc forrcftdy dcvcdcn. ^jc p`p`ak dcmn`ak to tjc prcssurc foatrod mftumtors sjoudn ec fdcmacn, `h acfcssmry. Fovcrs sjoudn ec dcht oa foatrods mt mdd t`bcs. Nust man n`rt fma fmusc cxfcss`vc wcmr man ovcrjcmt`ak oh  botor stmrtcr man rcdmy foatmfts. Ssc m eura`sj`ak tood or m jmrn surhmfc pmpcr to fdcma man pod`sj foatmfts. Vtmrtcr foatmfts mrc pdmtcn w`tj s`dvcr man mrc aot jmrbcn ey n`sfodormt`oa man sd`kjt p`tt`ak. Ucpdmfcbcat oh tjc foatmfts `s acfcssmry oady `h tjc s`dvcr jms wora tj`a.

! FMS^@OA NMAKCU No aot usc h`dcs or merms`vc bmtcr`mds sufj  ms smanpmpcr oa tjc foatmft po`ats. Hm`durc  to hoddow tjcsc `astruft`oas foudn rcsudt `a  cqu`pbcat nmbmkc. ^jcrbmd rcdmy ua`ts (ovcrdomns) mrc oh tjc bcdt`ak-mddoy typc man, wjca tr`ppcn, tjc mddoy bust ec k`vca t`bc to rc-sod`n`hy echorc rcdmy fma ec rcsct. @h tjc ovcrdomns tr`p out rcpcmtcndy wjca tjc botor furrcat `s aorbmd, rcpdmfc tjcb w`tj acw ovcrdomns. @h tjc foan`t`oa foat`aucs mhtcr rcpdmfcbcat, `t w`dd

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Fjmptcr : CDCF^U@FMD DOMN

@AVWCF^@OA BO^OU, O@D JCM^CU, & FF^ HSVC V@Y@AK UCFOBBCANCN BMZ@BSB "HSVC^UOA" HSVC V@YCV V@AKDC WJMVC 37/87 JCU^Y ^JUCC WJMVC 37/87 JCU^Y

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MAN BM@A^CAMAFC

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H`kurc9 :-6 Ucfobbcancn Bmx`bub —Husctroa‒ —Husctroa‒ Husc V`zcs ec acfcssmry to nctcrb`ac tjc fmusc oh cxfcss`vc furrcat nrmw mt tjc ovcrdomns. Wowcr suppdy to tjc eo`dcr bust ec protcftcn w`tj numd cdcbcat huscs (husctroas) or f`rfu`t ercmlcrs. V`b`dmr huscs sjoudn ec uscn `a ermafj f`rfu`ts. Vtmanmrn oac-sjot huscs mrc aot rcfobbcancn. @ahorbmt`oa k`vca `a H`kurc :-6 `s `afduncn hor ku`nmafc to husc rcqu`rcbcats.

H. HDMBC VMHC^P FOA^UOD ^jc b`froprofcssor emscn foatrod rcqu`rcs b`a`bmd bm`atcamafc ecfmusc tjc smhcty man dok`f t`b`aks mrc `amffcss`edc. ^jcrc mdso mrc aot may mffcss`edc foatmfts. Fjcfl to scc tjmt tjc rctm`a`ak sfrcw `s scfurcdy jodn`ak tjc fjmss`s to tjc bouat`ak emsc. Mdso fjcfl to scc tjmt tjc mbpd`﬍cr man tjc prokrmb bonudc mrc t`kjtdy `ascrtcn. ^jc rcdmy's scdh-n`mkaost`f me`d`ty `afduncs mnv`s`ak wjca `t or `ts pduk-`a bonudcs mrc mt hmudt man rcqu`rc rcpdmfcbcat.

Pour spmrc foatrod sjoudn ec storcn `a m nry mtbospjcrc man wrmppcn `a pdmst`f. Nur`ak ma cxtcancn sjutnowa (c.k., scmsoamd), tjc mft`vc foatrod sjoudn ec rcbovcn man storcn. Bo`sturc fma fmusc proedcbs w`tj foatrod opcrmt`oa. @t `s rcfobbcancn tjmt scrv`fc ec rotmtcn ectwcca tjc mft`vc man m spmrc foatrod to mssurc m worl`ak rcpdmfcbcat `s mvm`dmedc.

! [MUA@AK NMAKCU [jca rcpdmf`ak m foatrod, ec surc to dofl out tjc bm`a powcr suppdy sw`tfj s`afc tjc foatrod `s —jot‒ cvca tjoukj tjc euracr sw`t fj `s oh h . Hm`dur c t o h oddow t jcsc `astruft`oas foudn rcsudt `a scr`ous pcrsoamd `aiury or ncmtj.

:->

 

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@AVWCF^@OA MAN BM@A^CAMAFC

Fjmptcr :

Ec surc tjc foaacft`ak foatmfts oa tjc foatrod man `ts emsc mrc aot ecat out oh pos`t`oa.

mdmrb) w`dd ec mft`vmtcn. ^jc edowcr botor w`dd rua tjroukj tjc post-purkc man stop.

^jc ſtmbc nctcftor dcas sjoudn ec fdcmacn ms ohtca ms opcrmt`ak foan`t`oas ncbman. Ssc m soht fdotj bo`stcacn w`tj nctcrkcat to fdcma tjc dcas.

^ura tjc euracr sw`tfj ohh. Ucsct tjc smhcty sw`tfj. Uccstmed`sj bm`a hucd suppdy.

M smhcty fjcfl profcnurc sjoudn ec cstmed`sjcn to tcst tjc fobpdctc smhckumrn dcmst sjutnowa oafc m boatj, borc ohtca. ^csts sjoudn systcb vcr`hy mt smhcty man morsmhcty doflout upoa hm`durc to `ka`tc tjc p`dot, upoa hm`durc to `ka`tc tjc bm`a ſtmbc, man upoa doss oh ſtmbc. Cmfj oh tjc foan`t`oas sjoudn ec fjcflcn oa m sfjcnudcn ems`s. ^jc hoddow`ak tcsts sjoudn ec uscn to tcst tjc fobpdctc smhckumrn systcb. @h tjc scqucafc oh cvcats `s aot ms ncsfr`ecn, tjca m proedcb bmy cx`st. Foatmft your dofmd Fdcmvcr-Erools Fdcmvcr -Erools mutjor`zcn rcprcscatmt` rcprcscatmt`vc vc hor mss`stmafc.

Fjcfl`ak W`dot Hdmbc Hm`durc Fdosc tjc kms p`dot sjutohh fofl (H`kurc 5-0). Mdso sjut ohh tjc bm`a hucd suppdy. ^ura tjc euracr sw`tfj —oa.‒ ^jc p`dot `ka`t`oa f`rfu`t w`dd ec cacrk`zcn mt tjc can oh tjc prc-purkc pcr`on. ^jcrc sjoudn ec ma `ka`t`oa spmrl, eut ao ſtmbc. V`afc tjcrc `s ao ſtmbc to ec nctcftcn, tjc prokrmb rcdmy w`dd s`kamd tjc foan`t`oa. ^jc `ka`t`oa f`rfu`t w`dd nccacrk`zc man tjc foatrod w`dd dofl out oa m smhcty sjutnowa. ^jc ſtmbc hm`durc d`kjt (man opt`oamd mdmrb) w`dd ec mft`vmtcn. mft`vmtcn. ^jc edowcr botor w`dd rua tjroukj tjc post-purkc man stop. ^ura tjc euracr sw`tfj ohh. Ucsct tjc smhcty sw`tfj. Ucopca tjc kms p`dot sjutohh fofl man rc-cstmed`sj bm`a hucd suppdy. suppdy.

Fjcfl`ak Hm`durc to D`kjt Bm`a Hdmbc Dcmvc tjc kms p`dot sjutohh fofl opca. Vjut ohh tjc bm`a euracr hucd suppdy. ^ura tjc euracr sw`tfj oa. ^jc p`dot w`dd d`kjt upoa fobpdct`oa oh tjc prc-purkc pcr`on. ^jc bm`a hucd vmdvc(s) w`dd ec cacrk`zcn, eut tjcrc sjoudn ec ao bm`a ſtmbc. ^jc hucd vmdvc(s) nccacrk`zc w`tj`a > scfoans mhtcr tjc bm`a euracr `ka`t`oa tr`md cans. ^jc foatrod w`dd dofl out oa m smhcty sjutnowa. ^jc ſtmbc hm`durc d`kjt (man opt`oamd mdmrb) w`dd ec mft`vmtcn. ^jc edowcr botor w`dd rua tjroukj tjc post-purkc man stop. ^ura tjc euracr sw`tfj ohh. Ucsct tjc smhcty sw`tfj. Uccstmed`sj bm`a hucd suppdy suppdy..

Fjcfl`ak Doss oh Hdmbc [`tj tjc euracr `a aorbmd opcrmt`oa, sjut ohh tjc bm`a euracr hucd suppdy to cxt`aku`sj bm`a ſtmbc.

^jc ſtmbc nctcftor dcas sjoudn ec fdcmacn ms ohtca ms opcrmt`ak foan`t`oas ncbman. Ssc m soht fdotj bo`stcacn w`tj nctcrkcat `h acfcssmry.

K. O@D ESUACU BM@A^CAMAFC ^jc euracr sjoudn ec `aspcftcn hor cv`ncafc oh nmbmkc nuc to `bpropcrdy mniustcn fobeust`oa. May soot eu`dnup oa tjc n`hhuscr or tjc o`d aozzdc sjoudn ec rcbovcn. ^jc sctt`ak oh  tjc o`d aozzdc `a rcdmt`oa to tjc n`hhuscr man otjcr fobpoacats `s `bportmat hor propcr ﬍r`ak man sjoudn ec fjcflcn. Vcc Vcft`oa ^ `a Fjmptcr 8.

O`d Vtrm`acrs O`d strm`acrs sjoudn ec fdcmacn hrcqucatdy to bm`atm`a m hrcc man hudd ſtow oh hucd.

D`kjt O`d Vtrm`acrs ^jc hucd o`d strm`acr sfrcca bust ec rcbovcn man fdcmacn mt rckudmr `atcrvmds. @t `s mnv`smedc to rcbovc tjc sfrcca cmfj boatj man fdcma tjoroukjdy ey `bbcrs`ak `t `a sodvcat man edow`ak `t nry w`tj fobprcsscn m`r. ^o rcbovc, doosca tjc fovcr fmp sfrcw, ec`ak fmrchud aot to dosc tjc foppcr kmslct. @h acfcssmry, tmp tjc strm`acr fovcr kcatdy to doosca. Fjcfl tjc fovcr kmslct hor nmbmkc man rcpdmfc `h acfcssmry. Vd`p pd`crs `ato tjc fross oa tjc top oh tjc strm`acr man tw`st fouatcrfdoflw`sc to rcbovc tjc emslct. Ucmsscbedc `a rcvcrsc orncr. orncr.

Jcmvy O`d Vtrm`acrs Lccp tjc fmrtr`nkc oh tjc o`d strm`acr fdcmr ey rckudmrdy k`v`ak tjc cxtcr`or jmandc oac fobpdctc tura `a c`tjcr n`rcft`oa. No so tj`s ohtca uat`d cxpcr`cafc `an`fmtcs fdcma`ak hrcqucafy acfcssmry to bm`atm`a opt`bub foan`t`oas oh ſtow. @h tjc jmandc turas jmrn, rotmtc tjc jmandc emfl man horwmrn uat`d `t fma ec turacn tjroukj m fobpdctc rcvodut`oa. No aot horfc `t w`tj m wrcafj or otjcr tood. Nrm`a tjc subp ms ohtca ms cxpcr`cafc `an`fmtcs tjc acfcss`ty acfcss`ty.. Ucbovc tjc subp, or tjc jcmn man fmrtr`nkc msscbedy, hor tjoroukj fdcma`ak man `aspcft`oa mt hrcqucat `atcrvmds. Cxcrf`sc fmrc aot to nmbmkc tjc fmrtr`nkc n`sfs or tjc fdcmacr edmncs. [msj tjc fmrtr`nkc `a sodvcats. No aot mttcbpt to n`smsscbedc tjc fmrtr`nkc.

^jc hucd vmdvc(s) w`dd ec nccacrk`zcn man tjc rcdmy w`dd s`kamd

Fdcma`ak O`d Aozzdc

tjc mfoan`t`oa w`tj`a > scfoans. ^jchm`durc foatrod w`dd(man tjca opt`oamd dofl out oa smhcty sjutnowa. ^jc ſtmbc d`kjt

^jc ncs`ka oh tjc euracr, tokctjcr w`tj tjc o`d purkc systcb oa m jcmvy o`d euracr, bmlc `t uaacfcssmry to fdcma tjc o`d

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Fjmptcr :

@AVWCF^@OA MAN BM@A^CAMAFC

aozzdc nur`ak pcr`ons oh opcrmt`oa. M rout`ac fjcfl man may acfcssmry fdcma`ak sjoudn ec bmnc nur`ak ohh pcr`ons or wjca tjc euracr `s ﬍r`ak oa kms. @h mt may t`bc tjc euracr ſtmbc mppcmrs —str`aky‒ or —dmzy,‒ `t `s poss`edc tjmt tjc aozzdc t`p or sw`rdcr jms ecfobc pmrt`mddy fdokkcn or wora. May edoflmkc w`tj`a tjc t`p w`dd fmusc tjc m`r prcssurc kmukc to `afrcmsc meovc `ts aorbmd vmduc. N`smsscbedc w`tj tjc powcr ohh ey uadmtfj`ak man w`tjnrmw`ak tjc euracr kua. @ascrt tjc aozzdc eony `ato tjc jmakcr v`fc man usc tjc spmaacr wrcafj to rcbovc tjc t`p. Fmrchuddy rcbovc tjc sw`rdcr man scmt`ak spr`ak ec`ak fmrchud aot to nrop or nmbmkc may pmrts. Vcc H`kurc :->, :-3. Wcrhorb may acfcssmry fdcma`ak w`tj m su`tmedc sodvcat. Ssc m soht ﬍ecr erusj or po`atcn p`cfc oh soht woon hor fdcma`ak. No aot usc w`rc or m sjmrp bctmdd`f oeicft, wj`fj foudn sfrmtfj or nchorb tjc or`﬍fcs ms wcdd ms tjc prcf`s`oa krouan surhmfcs oh tjc sw`rdcr man t`p. @aspcft hor sfrmtfjcs or s`kas oh wcmr or cros`oa, wj`fj bmy bmlc tjc aozzdc ua﬍t hor   AOYYDC EONP V^MANMUN AOYYDC ^@W

VWU@AK V[@UDCU

VWMAACU [UCAFJ

H`kurc9 :-> Vtmanmrn Euracr Aozzdc Fobpoacats

  AOYYDC EONP J@KJ ^SUANO[A AOYYDC ^@W

hurtjcr usc. ^mlc tjc acfcssmry prcfmut`oas `a worl`ak w`tj sodvcats. ^jc t`p man sw`rdcr mrc m bmtfjcn sct, wj`fj mrc prcf`s`oa dmppcn mt tjc t`bc oh msscbedy. ^jc fdosc ﬍t oh tjc dmppcn surhmfcs bust ec bm`atm`acn `a orncr to prov`nc opt`bub pcrhorbmafc. Mnn`t`oamd dmpp`ak bmy ec rcqu`rcn to prov`nc ecttcr mtob`zmt`oa hor borc ch﬍f`cat fobeust`oa. No aot `atcrfjmakc pmrtsspr`ak `h m spmrc `s lcpt. rcmsscbed`ak, ec fcrtm`a tjmt tjc scmt`ak `s `a pdmfc@a man tjmt `t `s jodn`ak tjc sw`rdcr t`kjtdy mkm`ast tjc t`p. ^jc sw`rdcr `s stmt`oamry man nocs aot rotmtc, eut rmtjcr `bpmrts m sw`rd`ak bot`oa to tjc o`d. Vcc tjmt tjc pdukkcn jodc `s mt tjc eottob oh tjc aozzdc eony wjca tjc kua `s `astmddcn.

Fdcma`ak M`r Wurkc Aozzdc (Ao. 8 O`d) man Emfl Wrcssurc Or`﬍fc Aozzdc (Ao. 5 O`d) ^jc m`r purkc aozzdc man `ts strm`acr sjoudn ec `aspcftcn pcr`on`fmddy man fdcmacn. ^jc aozzdc foas`sts oh m t`p man `atcramd forc. Fdcma mdd `atcramd surhmfcs oh tjc t`p man tjc sdottcn pmrts oh tjc forc us`ak m woon spd`atcr to mvo`n nmbmkc hrob sfrmtfj`ak. Ucpdmfc tjc forc, sctt`ak `t t`kjtdy eut aot cxfcss`vcdy so. Fdcma tjc strm`acr sfrcca fmrchuddy to rcbovc may horc`ka bmttcr.. Ssc su`tmedc sodvcats `a fdcma`ak. Cxtrcbcdy jot wmtcr bmttcr mt j`kj vcdof`ty `s mdso jcdphud `a fdcma`ak. Ucpdmfc strm`acr ey sfrcw`ak `t `ato tjc aozzdc eony oady ﬍akcr t`kjt. No aot usc ma or`﬍fc oh m s`zc otjcr tjma or`k`amddy `astmddcn.

@ka`t`oa Vystcb Hor ecst rcsudts, bm`atm`a tjc propcr kmp man n`bcas`oas oh  tjc `ka`t`oa cdcftronc(s). H`kurcs 8-=> & 8-=3 sjow tjc propcr sctt`aks. @aspcft tjc cdcftronc t`p hor s`kas oh p`tt`ak or fobeust`oa ncpos`ts man nrcss ms rcqu`rcn w`tj m ﬍ac ﬍dc. @aspcft tjc porfcdm`a `asudmtorrcpdmfc (s) hor tjc may cdcftronc frmfls tjmts`afc b`kjt ec prcscat. @h  tjcrc mrc frmfls, tjcy fma fmusc krouan`ak oh tjc `ka`t`oa vodtmkc. V`afc fmreoa `s ma cdcftr`fmd foanuftor, `t `s acfcssmry to lccp tjc `asudmt`ak port`oa oh cdcftronc(s) w`pcn fdcma `h may fmreoa `s prcscat. Mbboa`m w`dd m`n `a rcbov`ak fmreoa or soot. Fjcfl `ka`t`oa fmedcs hor frmfls `a tjc `asudmt`oa. Mdso scc tjmt mdd foaacft`oas ectwcca tjc trmashorbcr man tjc cdcftroncs mrc t`kjt.

VWU@AK

V[@UDCU

VWMAACU [UCAFJ

H`kurc9 :-3 J`kj ^uranowa ^uranowa Euracr Aozzdc Fobpoacats

Wcr`on`fmddy rcbovc tjc mffcss pduk hrob tjc kms p`dot msp`rmtor (H`kurc 8-=3) man fdcma out may mffubudmtcn d`at or otjcr horc`ka bmtcr`md.

:-8

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@AVWCF^@OA MAN BM@A^CAMAFC

J. KMV ESUACU BM@A^CAMAFC ^jc kms euracr fobpoacats sjoudn ec `aspcftcn hor cv`ncafc oh nmbmkc nuc to `bpropcrdy mniustcn fobeust`oa. Fobeust`oa mniustbcats sjoudn ec fjcflcn boatjdy. Vcc Vcft`oa ^ `a Fjmptcr 8. Fjcfl pcr`on`fmddy hor m propcr scmd ectwcca tjc can oh tjc euracr jous`ak man eo`dcr rchrmftory (scc H`kurc :-56). May nctcr`ormt`oa oh tjc scmd sjoudn ec forrcftcn, ms ma `bpropcr or poor scmd mddows m`r dcmls, wj`fj fma fmusc ovcrjcmt`ak or eura`ak oh tjc euracr jous`ak. [jcacvcr tjc euracr `s rcbovcn, tjc n`hhuscr, kms jous`ak man kms spuns (J^E boncd oady) sjoudn ec fjcflcn hor may nctcr`ormt`oa. Xcr`hy tjmt tjc n`hhuscr sl`rt foahorbs to tjc eorc oh tjc euracr jous`ak so ms to b`a`b`zc tjc mbouat oh  fobeust`oa m`r wj`fj eypmsscs tjc n`hhuscr. n`hhuscr. @h tjc euracr `s m j`kj turanowa euracr (J^E) boncd, fjcfl to scc tjmt tjc n`hhuscr `s propcrdy dofmtcn `a rchcrcafc to tjc kms spuns. ^jcrc sjoudn ec =/>‒ ectwcca tjc cnkc oh tjc n`hhuscr ﬍as man tjc kms spuns wjca tjc euracr `s `astmddcn. Fjcfl to scc tjmt tjc n`hhuscr ﬍as no aot `atcrhcrc w`tj tjc kms ports or kms spuns `a tjc euracr jous`ak (scc Fjmptcr 8, H`kurc 8-=>). Vcc Vcft`oa X `a Fjmptcr 8 hor borc `ahorbmt`oa. Fjcfl tjc cdcftronc sctt`ak hor may frmfls tjmt b`kjt ec prcscat oa tjc porfcdm`a `asudmtor. Ucpdmfc tjc cdcftronc `h  frmfl`ak `s cv`ncat, s`afc frmfl`ak fma fmusc krouan`ak oh tjc `ka`t`oa vodtmkc. @aspcft tjc t`p oh tjc cdcftronc hor s`kas oh  p`tt`ak, fobeust`oa ncpos`ts man wcmr, man nrcss ms rcqu`rcn w`tj m ﬍ac ﬍dc. Vcc Fjmptcr 8, H`kurc 8-=> & 8-=3 hor cdcftronc sctt`aks. Wcr`on`fmddy rcbovc tjc mffcss pduk hrob tjc kms p`dot msp`rmtor (scc Fjmptcr 8, H`kurc 8-=8) man fdcma out may mffubudmtcn d`at or otjcr horc`ka bmtcr`md. Fjcfl tjc `ka`t`oa fmedcs hor frmfls `a tjc `asudmt`oa. Xcr`hy tjmt mdd foaacft`oas ectwcca tjc trmashorbcr man tjc cdcftronc mrc t`kjt.

@. BO^OU@YCN BO^OU@Y KMV XMD XMDXC XC                CN ^jc botor`zcn kms vmdvc (Jynrmbotor) opcrmt`ak bcfjma`sb `s fobpdctcdy `bbcrscn `a o`d man d`ttdc bm`atcamafc `s rcqu`rcn ecfmusc oh tjc scmdcn ncs`ka. Jowcvcr, propcr opcrmt`oa sjoudn ec fjcflcn oa m rout`ac pcr`on`f ems`s. Lccp outcr pmrts oh tjc vmdvc fdcma, cspcf`mddy tjc stcb ectwcca tjc opcrmtor man tjc vmdvc. M a`flcn, sforcn or otjcrw`sc nmbmkcn vmdvc stcb fma fmusc dcmlmkc. No aot rcbovc nust fovcrs `h `astmddcn. ^jc pmfl`ak kdman `s oh tjc O-r`ak typc. @h o`d `s aot`fcn mrouan tjc opcrmtor emsc or `h dcmlmkc offurs, rcpm`r ey rcpdmf`ak may dcml`ak O-r`aks man rc﬍dd`ak tjc mftumtor w`tj o`d. @h tjc mftumtor `s sdukk`sj or hm`ds to opcrmtc, cvca mhtcr tjc o`d dcvcd `s fjcflcn, rcpdmfc tjc cat`rc opcrmtor port`oa.

Fjmptcr :

I. VODCAO@ VOD CAO@N NX XMD MDXCV XCV Horc`ka bmttcr ectwcca tjc vmdvc scmt man scmt n`sf fma fmusc dcmlmkc. Xmdvcs mrc rcmn`dy n`smsscbedcn< jowcvcr, fmrc bust ec uscn nur`ak n`smsscbedy to ec surc tjmt `atcramd pmrts mrc aot nmbmkcn nur`ak tjc rcbovmd man tjmt rcmsscbedy `s `a propcr orncr. M jub or euzz`ak aorbmddy ec mun`edc tjc fo`d `s dow cacrk`zcn. @h tjc w`dd vmdvc ncvcdops m dounwjca euzz`ak or fjmttcr`ak ao`sc, fjcfl hor propcr vodtmkc man fdcma tjc pduakcr msscbedy man `atcr`or pduakcr tuec tjoroukjdy. No aot usc may o`d. Ec surc tjmt tjc pduakcr tuec man sodcao`n mrc t`kjt wjca rcmsscbedcn. ^mlc fmrc aot to a`fl, ncat, or nmbmkc tjc pduakcr tuec. Fo`ds bmy ec rcpdmfcn w`tjout rcbov`ak tjc vmdvc hrob tjc d`ac.

! [MUA@AK NMAKCU Ec surc to tura ohh powcr to tjc vmdvc `a orncr to mvo`n cdcftr`fmd sjofl. Hm`durc to hoddow tjcsc `astruft`oas foudn rcsudt `a scr`ous pcrsoamd `aiury or ncmtj. Fjcfl fo`d pos`t`oa man bmlc surc tjmt may `asudmt`ak wmsjcrs or rctm`a`ak spr`aks mrc rc`astmddcn `a propcr orncr. orncr.

L. M@U FOA^UOD NMBWCU, D@ALMKC MAN FMB VWU@AK ^jc euracr m`r foatrod nmbpcr sjoudn ec fjcflcn hor hrcc bovcbcat ms m pmrt oh tjc boatjdy `aspcft`oa. [`tj tjc euracr ohh man tjc imflsjmht nmbpcr foatrod ron n`sfoaacftcn, tjc m`r foatrod nmbpcr sjoudn rotmtc hrccdy tjroukj `ts cat`rc rmakc oh bovcbcat. Ma May y rcs`stmafc to bovcbcat or cxfcss`vc pdmy `a tjc support ecmr`ak sjoudn ec `avcst`kmtcn man forrcftcn echorc tjc euracr `s put emfl `a opcrmt`oa. ^jc ovcrmdd t`kjtacss oh tjc d`almkc msscbedy sjoudn ec fjcflcn boatjdy. @h acfcssmry, t`kjtca tjc sctsfrcws man tjc foaacft`oas mt tjc ua`emdds. Fjcfl tjc ua`emdds hor wcmr man rcpdmfc `h acfcssmry. ^jc d`almkc msscbedy sjoudn ec t`kjt eut sjoudn aot e`an. @h  tjc d`almkc msscbedy `s e`an`ak, nctcrb`ac tjc fmusc oh tjc e`an`ak man forrcft ms acfcssmry. D`almkc ron can mttmfjbcat po`ats sjoudn ec bmrlcn oa tjc vmr`medc n`spdmfcbcat d`almkc mrbs ms ma m`n `a suescqucat rcmsscbedy. @aspcft`oa oh tjc m`r nmbpcr man d`almkc ecmr`aks sjoudn ec pcrhorbcn oa m borc hrcqucat ems`s `h tjc eo`dcr `s opcrmt`ak `a m n`rty cav`roabcat. ^jc hucd fmb pro﬍dc spr`ak sjoudn ec `aspcftcn boatjdy hor wcmr, sfor`ak or n`stort`oa. @h may oh tjc qucst`oamedc

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Fjmptcr :

@AVWCF^@OA MAN BM@A^CAMAFC

foan`t`oas mrc houan, tjc spr`ak bust ec rcpdmfcn `bbcn`mtcdy to mvo`n tjc poss`e`d`ty oh ercmlmkc `a scrv`fc. Ssc fmrc to mvo`n nmbmk`ak tjc fmb or spr`ak nur`ak `astmddmt`oa.

M@U @ADC^ JOON

M@U NSF^

Duer`fmtc offms`oamddy w`tj m aoa-kubb`ak, nr`pdcss, j`kjtcbpcrmturc duer`fmat sufj ms krmpj`tc or m s`d`foac ncr`vmt`vc.

! FMS^@OA NMAKCU Fobeust`oa sjoudn ec fjcflcn man rcmn-   iustcn ms rcqu`rcn wjcacvcr wjcacvc r tjc euracr `s  rcbovcn or may foatrod d`almkc `s n`sturecn. Hm`durc to hoddow tjcsc `astruft`oas foudn rc-  sudt `a cqu`pbcat nmbmkc.

BOSA^@AK HUMBC KMVLC^

AS^ MAN DOFL [MVJCU VWMFCU

D. HOUFCN NUMH^ HMA

Eod Eodtt ttjc jc b boto otorr sscfu cfurcd rcdy y to tjc jcm jcmn. n.

5.

Vd`nc tjc hhma ma oa oato to tjc tjc sjmht, sjmht, eut no ao aott t`kjtc t`kjtca a tjc sctsfrcws.

6.

^ur ^ura a tjc spmfc spmfcrs rs oa tjc sstuns tuns uat`d tjcy foatmft foatmft tj tjcc jcmnpdmtc.

>.

Wdmfc cxtc cxtcramd ramd tootj doflw doflwmsjcr msjcrss ac acxt xt to tjc sspmfcr pmfcrss man `astmdd tjc hma jous`ak oa tjc stuns. Jodn tjc hma jous`ak `a pdmfc w`tj auts man doflwmsjcrs. H`akcr t`kjtca tjc auts.

3.

Vd`nc tjc ``bpcd bpcddcr dcr outwmr outwmrn n uat uat`d `d `ts `ts v vmacs macs foatmf foatmftt tjc hma jous`ak. ^jc jous`ak bust ec pmrmddcd to tjc `bpcddcr. Mniust tjc spmfcrs ms acfcssmry to   md`ka       tjc    jous`ak w`tj tjc `bpcddcr.

8.

Vd`nc tjc `bpcd `bpcddcr dcr ttowm owmrn rn tj tjcc botor botor.. Ssc m hcc hccdcr dcr k kmukc mukc to oetm`a .767-.737‒ fdcmrmafc ectwcca tjc `bpcddcr man tjc jous`ak.

;.

Vcf Vcfurc urc tjc tjc lcy lcy man tjca tjca tt`kj `kjtca tca tjc tjc `bpcd `bpcddcr dcr j jue ue sctsfrcws. Ss`ak m scdcftcn vmac, rotmtc tjc `bpcddcr wj`dc fjcfl`ak to scc tjmt tjc fdcmrmafc ectwcca tjc `bpcddcr man tjc jous`ak rcbm`as foastmat man w`tj`a tjc spcf`﬍cn 7.767-7.737" fdcmrmafc.

:.

@astm @astmdd dd ttjc jc m`r m`r nuf nuftt ms msscbed scbedy y tjr tjroukj oukj tjc j jcmn cmn opca`a opca`ak. k. ^`kjtca tjc sfrcws scfur`ak tjc m`r nuft to tjc hma jous`ak oady caoukj to frcmtc m scmd ectwcca tjc acoprcac kmslct man tjc jous`ak.

CZ^CUAMD ^OO^J DOFL [MVJCU

FDMBW KMVLC^

^jc hoddow`ak profcnurcs hor `astmdd`ak man mniust`ak mrc ms hoddows9 =.

V^SN

KMVLC^

H`kurc :-8 `ddustrmtcs tjc horfcn nrmht hma man botor bouat`ak `a rcdmt`oa to tjc hma jous`ak. ^jc pos`t`oa oh tjc hma jous`ak man tjc fdcmrmafc ectwcca `t man tjc hma (`bpcddcr) `s cxtrcbcdy `bportmat to tjc output fmpmf`ty oh tjc hma.

HMA JOSV@AK

AO^C9 HOUFCN NUMH^ HMA XMACV BSV^ AO^ USE OA JOSV@AK, ES^ FDCMUMAFC BSV^ AO^ CZFCCN 7.737 @AFJ. MNISV^ EP BOX@AK HMA OA BO^OU VJMH^.

.737 BMZ .767 B@A BO^OU  BOSA^@AK EOD^V

BO^OU VJMH^ HOUFCN NUMH^ HMA

H`kurc9 :-8 Horfcn Nrmht Hma Bouat`ak

0.

Mhtcr foaacft`a foaacft`ak k tjc botor botor dcmns, dcmns, vcr`h vcr`hy y tjmt tjc ``bpcdd bpcddcr cr rotmt`oa `s fouatcr-fdoflw`sc wjca v`cwcn hrob tjc botor can.

Aotc9 @h tjc eo`dcr `s `astmddcn `a m nusty dofmt`oa, fjcfl tjc vmacs offms`oamddy hor ncpos`ts oh nust or n`rt. ^jcsc eu`dnups fma fmusc m ncfrcmsc `a m`r fmpmf`ty, or dcmn to ma uaemdmafcn foan`t`oa or fmusc nmbmkc to tjc cqu`pbcat.

:-:

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@AVWCF^@OA MAN BM@A^CAMAFC

B. HMA/BO^OU HMA/BO^OU FMVVC^^C FMVVC^^ C UCBOXMD Echorc tjc eo`dcr `s fobb`ss`oacn mt tjc ioe s`tc, tjc @HKU systcb sjoudn ec v`sumddy `aspcftcn. ^jc hma/botor fmsscttc sjoudn ec rcbovcn to cxposc tjc `atcramd @HKU d`almkc man nmbpcr.. Ucbovc tjc hma/botor fmsscttc ms hoddows9 nmbpcr

Fjmptcr : FOBESV^@OA M@U HDO[

HDSC KMV HDO[

! [MUA@AK NMAKCU N`sfoaacft man dofl out cdcftr`fmd powcr to tjc eo`dcr echorc rcbov`ak tjc hma/botor fmsscttc. Hm`durc to hoddow tjcsc `astruft`oas fma rcsudt `a cdcftr`fmd sjofl man scr`ous pcrsoamd `aiury or ncmtj. =.

N`sfo N`sfoaacft aacft man ddofl ofl o out ut cdcftr` cdcftr`ff po powcr wcr tto o tjc eo`dc eo`dcr. r.

5.

Ec sur surcc tjm tjmtt tjc hroa hroatt noo noorr `s scfurcdy scfurcdy e eodtc odtcn n to ttjc jc eo`dcr eo`dcr

! [MUA@AK NMAKCU No aot rcbovc tjc nmv`t mrb msscbedy w`tjout ﬍rst casur`ak tjmt tjc hroat noor `s scfurcdy eodtcn to tjc eo`dcr. Hm`durc to hoddow tjcsc `astruft`oas fma rcsudt `a scr`ous pcrsoamd `aiury or ncmtj. 6. Ucdcmsc tjc nmv`t mrb ey rcbov`ak tjc rctm`a`ak eodt mt tjc top fcatcr oh tjc eo`dcr.

! [MUA@AK NMAKCU [jca suspcan`ak tjc hma/botor fmsscttc hrob tjc nmv`t mrb, mdd cqu`pbcat uscn bust ec oh mncqumtc strcaktj to smhcdy support tjc fobpdctc fmsscttc. Hm`durc to hoddow tjcsc `astruft`oas fma fmusc `aiury or ncmtj.                              

! [MUA@AK NMAKCU Fjm`as or otjcr ncv`fcs uscn to mttmfj m d`ht`ak ncv`fc to tjc hma/botor fmsscttc bust ec mrrmakcn so tjc fmsscttc nocs aot rotmtc or t`dt wjca rcbovcn hrob tjc hroat jcmn. Hm`durc to hoddow tjcsc `astruft`oas foudn rcsudt `a nmbmkc to mttmfjbcat. >. Foaacft tjc nmv`t mr mrb b to ttjc jc hma/bot hma/botor or fmsscttc us`ak tjc suspcas`oa systcb n`mkrmbcn `a ﬍kurc :-:.

H`kurc9 :-; @HKU Fobeust`oa M`r man Hduc Kms Hdow 3. Mrrmakc tjc mttmfj`ak fjm`as so tjc d`ht`ak d`ht`ak po`at `s `s ovcr tjc botor sjmht fcatcrd`ac man tjc fcatcr oh emdmafc hor tjc hma/  botor fmsscttc. ^j`s po`at `s mpprox`bmtcdy >-`afjcs hrob tjc botor emflpdmtc hor 877-:77 jp ua`ts, man 6-`afjcs hor 537-377 jp ua`ts. 8. Ucbovc tjc hma/b hma/botor otor fmsscttc hmstca`ak auts auts (H`kurc :-0).

;37-0=

:-0

 

Fjmptcr :

@AVWCF^@OA MAN BM@A^CAMAFC

FOBC-MDOAK OU JCMXP ^SUAESFLDC NMX@^ MUB FJM@A

EMFL WDM^C KMVLC^ @ADC^ KMVLC^

HMA/BO^OU FMVVC^^C

AO^C9 08‒ (>77-:77 JW) UCFOBCANVSV@AK M 6-WO@A^ NMX@^ M^^MFJBCA^ HUOB ^JC NMX@^ MUB ^O ^JC HMB / BO^OU FMVVC^^C

H`kurc9 :-: Hma/Botor Fmsscttc

! FMS^@OA NMAKCU

Ec surc tjmt tjc hma botor w`r`ak man foa-  nu`t mrc aot strctfjcn nur`ak tjc hma/botor  fmsscttc rcbovmd. Hm`durc to hoddow tjcsc `a-  struft`oas fma rcsudt `a nmbmkc to tjc  cqu`pbcat. ;. Vw`ak tjc hma/ hma/botor botor fmsscttc to tjc s`nc man scfurc `t to tjc eo`dcr us`ak j`kj strcaktj forn. No aot ovcr cxtcan tjc botor w`rcs.

A. @AVWCF^@OA MAN MNISV^BCA^ AOx dcvcds sjoudn ec fjcflcn pcr`on`fmddy to casurc fobpd`mafc w`tj mdd dofmd man hcncrmd rckudmt`oas, ms wcdd ms to casurc tjmt tjc eo`dcr `s opcrmt`ak mt bmx`bub ch﬍f`cafy. D`almkcs sjoudn ec `aspcftcn man hrcc bovcbcat (ao e`an`ak) oh tjc @HKU nmbpcr foa﬍rbcn. @afrcms`ak or ncfrcms`ak AOx dcvcds foudn `an`fmtc `aforrcft nmbpcr pos`t`oa`ak, doosc d`almkcs, ma `bpropcr m`r-to-hucd rmt`o, or stmfl nrmht fjmakcs. @h mniustbcat `s rcqu`rcn, or `h  proedcbs pcrs`st, foatmft your dofmd Fdcmvcr-Erools mutjor`zcn rcprcscatmt`vc rcprcscatmt`vc hor hurtjcr mss`stmafc. Ms msj man pronufts oh fobeust`oa pmss tjroukj tjc @HKU nmbpcr, tjcrc w`dd ec sobc mffubudmt`oa oa tjc nmbpcr, w`aneox, man otjcr pmrts oh tjc @HKU systcb man euracr euracr..

=. [`tj tjc @HKU nmbpcr cxposcn, cxposcn, `aspcft `aspcft tjc `atcramd d`almkcs hor scfurc foaacft`oas, man fjcfl hor hrcc bovcbcat oh tjc d`almkc mrbs man tjc @HKU nmbpcr msscbedy. ^o fjcfl hor hrcc bovcbcat oh tjc d`almkc scpmrmtc tjc cxtcramd d`almkc hrob tjc imflsjmht nr`vc mrb(s) man fyfd`ak tjc cxtcr`or d`almkc tjroukj `ts rmakc oh  bovcbcat. 5. ^jc fdcmrmafc ectwcca tjc `bpcddcr man emflpdmt emflpdmtcc sjoudn ec fjcflcn, man mniustcn, `h rcqu`rcn. @bpcddcr fdcmrmafcs bust ec ms sjowa `a ^medc :-=. 6. ^jc `bpcddcr fdcmrmafc `s `s fjcflcn ey `ascrt` `ascrt`ak ak m do doak ak hccdcr kmukc oh tjc propcr tj`flacss ectwcca tjc `bpcddcr man tjc `bpcddcr jous`ak. @bpcddcr fdcmrmafcs sjoudn ec fjcflcn mt tjc j`kjcst ﬍a oa tjc `bpcddcr (tjmt ﬍a wj`fj `s fdoscst to tjc `bpcddcr jous`ak), man bust ec fjcflcn mt cmfj po`at wjcrc tjc jous`ak `s mttmfjcn to tjc botor emflpdmtc.                   >. @h tjc `b `bpcddcr pcddcr fdcmrmaf fdcmrmafcc `s aot forrcft mt mdd po`ats, bmlc mniustbcats ms hoddows9 M. Doosca tjc rctm`a`ak auts oa eotj s`ncs oh tjc `bpcddcr jous`ak. E. Mniust tjc rctm`acrs hor tjc forrcft `bpcddcr fdcmrmafc mt two jous`ak mttmfjbcat po`ats =:7 · mpmrt.

^o casurc propcr opcrmt`oa oh tjc @HKU systcb man euracr, `aspcft`oa man fdcma`ak sjoudn ec pcrhorbcn mt rckudmr

V^MANMUN 87 WWB

67 WWB 53 WWB

57 WWB

`atcrvmds, ncpcan`ak oa tjc domn, typc oh hucd, man fobeust`oa tcbpcrmturcs.

.7>7 ½.7=7

7.737 + +..7=7/‖.773

.787 +. +.773/‖.777

^medc :-=. @bpcddcr Fdcmrmafcs

:-=7

;37-0=

 

@AVWCF^@OA MAN BM@A^CAMAFC F. Mniust tjc rctm`acrs hor forrcft fdcmrmafc mt tjc jous`ak mttmfjbcat po`ats 07· hrob tjosc `a`t`mddy mniustcn.

Fjmptcr : ec rcpdmfcn. @a pmrt`fudmr, pmrt`fudmr, `aspcft tjc m`reox kmslct (H`kurc :-0) hor nmbmkc. @h `t accns to ec rcpdmfc, rchcr to Vcft`oa O hor `astmddmt`oa `astruft`oas.

N. Mniust hor forrcft `bpcddcr fdcmrmafc mt tjc rcbm`a`ak mttmfjbcat po`ats. 3. Fjcfl man rcp rcpdmfc dmfc may kmslcts tjmt tjmt jmvc ecca nmbmkcn. Kmslcts tjmt jmvc ecca `a usc hor oac ycmr or borc sjoudn

FOBESV^@OA M@U @ADC^

HDSC OS^DC^

HUOA^ NOOU M@UEOZ

EMFLWDM^C KMVLC^ FMVVC^^C BOSA^@AK EOD^V

@AVSDM^CN WMU^@^@OA

M@UEOZ KMVLC^ HDSC KMV ^UMAVHCU WOU^ [@^J @HKU NMBWCU

FMVVC^^C D@H^@AK CPCV

HOSU^J-WMVV ^SECV

HMA/BO^OU FMVVC^^C

NMBWCU NU@XC MUB

HDMAKC FODDMU FOBESV^@OA M@U HMA OXCU-^UMXCD OXCU-^UM XCD BCFJMA@VB @HKU NMBWCU D@ALMKC ]S@FL N@VFOAACF^ D@ALMKC

^JUOM^ ^JUOM ^ MAN D@ACU ^@DC

IMFLVJMH^ MUB

HSUAMFC UCMU ESUACU NUM[CU KMVLC^ KMV VWSNV ESUACU NUM[CU

         

ESUACU JOSV@AK

ESUACU NUM[CU VSWWOU^V @AACU WDM^C FDMBWV @AVSDM^@OA  (57-67 WWB AOx VPV^CBV) [@ANEOZ HUOA^ NOOU EOD^V HDSC KMV HDO[ FOBESV^@OA M@U HDO[

H`kurc9 :-0 @anufcn Hduc Kms Ucf`rfudmt`oa Vystcb, Kcacrmd Mrrmakcbcat

;37-0=

:-==

 

Fjmptcr :

@AVWCF^@OA MAN BM@A^CAMAFC

OXCU-^UMXCD OXCU-^UM XCD BCFJMA@VB

67·* V@AKDC HSCD MUUMAKCBCA^ IMFLVJMH^ D@ALMKC UON @HKU NMBWCU FOA^UOD KMV IMFLVJMH^ NU@XC MUB

87·*

]S@FL-N@VFOAACF^ D@ALMKC O@D IMFLVJMH^ NU@XC MUB

* AOB@AMD9 MF^SMD WOV@^@OA XMU@CV [@^J AOx UC]S@UCBCA^ IMFLVJMH^ WUOZ@B@^P V[@^FJ IMFLVJMH^ MUB NSMD HSCD MUUMAKCBCA^

H`kurc9 :-=7 @HKU Nmbpcr D`almkc

O. M@UEOZ KMVLC^ @AV^MDDM^@OA @h tjc hma/botor fmsscttc `s opcacn hor may rcmsoa mhtcr tjc ua`t jms ecca `a opcrmt`oa hor oac ycmr, tjc m`reox kmslct sjoudn ec rcpdmfcn.

! FMS^@OA NMAKCU [jca rcpdmf`ak tjc m`reox kmslct, usc oady  Fdcmvcr-Erools fobpoacats. Hm`durc to usc  fobpoacats ncs`kacn hor tj`s mppd`fmt`oa  fma rcsudt `a `bpropcr fobeust`oa. Hm`durc  to hoddow tjcsc `astruft`oas fma rcsudt `a  cqu`pbcat nmbmkc  Mttmfj tjc m`reox kmslct to tjc `adct eox w`tj j`kjtcbpcrmturc s`d`foac mnjcs`vc/scmdmat, us`ak two ecmns oh  s`d`foac meout =/>‒ `a hrob cmfj s`nc oh tjc kmslct (kmslct surhmfc `s 5" w`nc). 8. Vcfurc tjc kmslct `a pos`t`oa w`tj fdmbps, us`ak str`ps oh  woon oa top oh tjc kmslct hor m ecmr`ak surhmfc. ;. Mhtcr tjc s`d`foac jms nr`cn (mpprox`bmtcdy 5> jours), rcbovc tjc fdmbps man str`ps oh woon.

W. HMA/BO^OU FMVVC^^C @AV^MDDM^@OA ^jc hma/botor fmsscttc fma ec fdoscn ms hoddows9 =. Fjcfl tjmt mdd mniustbcat ssfrcws frcws mrc t`kjt, man fjcfl fjcfl tjc d`almkc man @HKU nmbpcr hor hrcc bovcbcat echorc fdos`ak tjc ua`t. 5. Wos`t Wos`t`oa `oa tjc fmsscttc fmsscttc `ato `ato tjc hroat noor. noor.

                  

H`kurc9 : == Hma/Botor Fmsscttc :-=5

;37-0=

 

@AVWCF^@OA MAN BM@A^CAMAFC

Fjmptcr : IMFLVJMH^ D@ALMKC UON

IMFLVJMH^ D@ALMKC UON WOV@^@OA DMECD

]S@FL N@VFOAACF^ D@ALMKC

KMV IMFLVJMH^ NU@XC MUB

O@D IMFLVJMH^ NU@XC MUB WUOZ@B@^P V[@^FJ MAN NU@XC MUB (FOBE@AM^@OA KMV & O@D VPV^CBV OADP)

5‒ 5-6/>‒

IMFLVJMH^ D@ALMKC UON

KMV IMFLVJMH^ NU@XC MUB >7·

^JC @HKU VPV^CB FMA EC C]S@WWCN [@^J C@^JCU M V@AKDC OU NSMD D@ALMKC MUB, NCWCAN@AK OA ^JC ASBECU OH HSCDV SVCN MAN ^JC AOZ DCXCDV NCV@UCN. MDD V@AKDC-HSCDCN EO@DCUV JMXC M V@AKDC NU@XC MUB/ NSMD-HSCDCN EO@DCUV BMP OU BMP AO^ JMXC M NSMD MUB, NCWCAN@AK OA ^JC OW^@OA WSUFJMVCN.

O@D IMFLVJMH^ NU@XC MUB 57·

H`kurc9 :-=5 Imflsjmht D`almkc Vctt`aks 6. Vd`nc tjc fmssc fmsscttc ttc `ato pos` pos`t`oa t`oa uat`d `t eck`as to foatm foatmft ft tjc `adct kmslct (H`kurc :-0) tjca bcmsurc tjc fdcmrmafc ectwcca tjc fmsscttc hdmakc man tjc hroat noor bouat`ak hmfc. ^jcrc bust ec fdcmrmafc oh mt dcmst =/>" to prov`nc mncqumtc kmslct fobprcss`oa wjca tjc fmsscttc `s bouatcn t`kjtdy to tjc noor. >. Vcfurc Vcfurc tjc fmss fmsscttc cttc w` w`tj tj tjc hms hmstca` tca`ak ak auts.

!

[MUA@AK NMAKCU

No aot rcbovc tjc nmv`t mrb msscbedy hrob tjc botor/hma fmsscttc w`tjout ﬍rst vcr`hy`ak tjmt tjc fmsscttc `s scfurcdy eodtcn to tjc eo`dcr. Hm`durc to hoddow tjcsc `astruft`oas fma rcsudt `a scr`ous pcrsoamd `aiury or ncmtj. 3. Mhtcr tjc fmsscttc jms ecca scfurcn to tjc hroat jcmn, rcfoaacft tjc nmv`t to tjc hroat noor ey sfrcw`ak `a tjc rctm`a`ak eodt mt tjc top fcatcrd`ac. Fjcfl offms`oamddy tjmt tjc hma `s scfurcdy t`kjtcacn to tjc botor sjmht. Fjcfl tjc fdcmrmafc ectwcca tjc hma vmacs man jous`ak ms outd`acn meovc.

               

;37-0=

:-=6

 

Fjmptcr :

@AVWCF^@OA MAN BM@A^CAMAFC

aotc9 usc acvcr sccz mat` sc`zc fobpouan, `tcb# 5>, oa mdd stuns man eodts.

:

:

==

VCC VJCC^ 5 HOU ^MEDCV MAN WUOFCNSUCV.

:

=7

== =7 HOU @BWCDDCU KUOSW "E"

HOU @BWCDDCU KUOSW "M"

EMFL OH @^CB > >

5=

6 >

5.>3" ^PW. VWMFC (mpprox) (mniust to mqu`rc tjc spcf`h`cn `bpcddcr to `bpcddcr jous`ak kmp)

=3" ^PW. 3

5

6

3 5= .=53 =8,=;,=:

5 =

V^N. 87 WWB

HKU

=8=;=:

FDCMUMAFC

;

           

=5=6=>=3

=:

8 8

3

07 =/8>"/H^. 0-=/5" UCH.

56

0-=/5" UCH. 55

H`kurc9 :-=6 Edowcr Fmrtr`nkc Msscbedy = oh 5

57=0

.7>7"

.7=7

67 WWB 53 WWB .7=7 .737" .773

57 WWB .773 .787" .777

H`kurc9 : =6 Edowcr Fmrtr`nkc Msscbedy = oh 5 :-=>

;37-0=

 

@AVWCF^@OA MAN BM@A^CAMAFC HKU  UM^C 

EDO[CU BO^OU @^CB = EO@DCU  ONW (87 JY) BO^OU  ^.C.H.F./J@KJ CHH@F. J.W. 577, 567, & >87X  877X  (87 JY) 577, 567, & >87X  J.W. *  >77  377  877 

V^MANMUN  WWB  87 

M; 

;77  ;37  :77  *  >77  377  877 

;77 

:0>-63>: 

:0>-6358 

=05-F-583 

:0>-63>0 

:0>-635; 

:0>-6337 :0>-633=

:0>-635:  

=05-F-588  - 

M M

:0>-6350 

=05-F-58: 

:0>-6355  :0>-6355 :0>-6355  :0>-63;= :0>-6356 

:0>-6336 :0>-6336   :0>-6336  :0>-633>

=3 

:0>-63=; 

57 

:0>-63=: 

53 67 

:0>-63=0 :0>-6357 

87

;3  

:0>-635= :0>-6355  :0>-63;= :0>-6356  :0>-63;= :0>-6356  :0>-63;5  (577X) :0>-636> (567/>87X) :0>-63;5  (577X) :0>-636> (567/>87X)

 

 

M E 

E 

E 

- 

:0>-6367  

:0>-6336 

:0>-636=

=05-F-5;> 

:0>-6365 

- 

:0>-633>

:0>-6365  

=05-F-5;; 

:0>-6333

:0>-6363  

- 

:0>-6333 

:0>-6363 

=05-F-5;0 

E 

=05-F-67= =05-F-58; 

M E 

:0>-633>

 

E 

>77  377  377   877  877   ;77  ;77 

E 

-  =05-F-* - 

;37  ;37   :77 

E 

=05-F-*

:77  

=05-F-*  =05-F-583 

M

=05-F-*  >77 

=05-F-*  -  -  =05-F-675

E 

-  =05-F-*

377  377   877 

E 

-  =05-F-*

=05-F-*  -  -  =05-F-5;= -  =05-F-*  -  =05-F-5;3

=05-F-* 

=05-F-*  - 

E 

=05-F-677  -  =05-F-67= -  =05-F-675 -  =05-F-67> 

=05-F-*  - 

-  =05-F-67> =05-F-5;3 

=05-F-5;0

- 

;37 

M

=05-F-*   >77  377  - 

=05-F-58:

E 

=05-F-*

377  

=05-F-*  -  -  =05-F-5;3

E 

-  =05-F-*

877  877  

E 

=05-F-*  ;77 

:0>-6355 :0>-63;=

:0>-6336 :0>-633>

:0>-636= :0>-6365  

=05-F-5;5  - 

E 

;77 

;3 

:0>-6363 

=05-F-5;: 

E 

=05-F-*  =05-F-5;0 

:0>-6363  

=05-F-5;0 

E 

=05-F-* 

- 

- 

=05-F-*  ;77 

=05-F-*  =05-F-588 =05-F-*  - 

37  87

:0>-* 

;77 

=05-F-*  :77 

877 

@F 

E 

877  

E 

:0>-633=

;3 

- 

=05-F-*  =05-F-5;0 

:0>-6357

* 

E 

=05-F-*

67

;37 

E 

E 

:0>-635;  :0>-635:  :0>-6350  

:0>-6356 

M

- 

:0>-63>0  :0>-6337 

:0>-63;5  (577X) :0>-6333  :0>-636> (567/>87X) :0>-63;5  (577X) :0>-6333 :0>-636> (567/>87X) :0>-*  :0>-* 

M

- 

:0>-63=:  :0>-63=0 

- 

EO@DCU  J.W.

=05-F-*  -  =05-F-* -  =05-F-* -  =05-F-* 

=05-F-*  =05-F-*  -  =05-F-*  -  =05-F-*  - 

- 

:0>-6335 

FE =3=#-677# W.V.@. 87 JY. KUOSW  37 JY.

57  53 

377 

- 

- 

-  =05-F-*

=05-F-*

;37  

;37  ;37  

* 

:0>-*

:0>-*  

:0>-* 

* 

:0>-* 

:0>-* 

:0>-* 

377 

57  53 67 

:0>-63=:  :0>-63=0 :0>-6357 

:0>-63>0  :0>-6337 :0>-633=

:0>-635;  :0>-635:   :0>-6350 

=05-F-588  =05-F-58: 

:0>-6335

:0>-6367  

-

877 

87 

:0>-6365 

=05-F-5;3 

E 

=05-F-*  =05-F-5;: 

;77 

;3 

:0>-6363 

=05-F-5;0 

E 

;37 

* 

:0>-* 

:0>-* 

:>0-* 

:77 

* *

:0>-*   :0>-*

:0>-* :0>-*

:>0-*   :>0-*  

=05-F-*  -

=05-F-*  =05-F-5;0  =05-F-*  ;77  E                                  -                        ;37  -  =05-F-*  =05-F-*   ;37  -  =05-F-*

=05-F-* 

=05-F-* 

* 

:0>-* 

:0>-* 

:>0-* 

:77  *  >77 

>7

57  WWB 

E 

37 37 37  87

;3 

*  >77 

53  WWB 

=05-F-5;= -  =05-F-5;5  - 

:0>-6353  :0>-6358  :0>-635; :0>-635;  :0>-635:  :0>-6350  :0>-6367

87 

:77

:0>-636= :0>-636= :0>-636= :0>-6365  

:0>-63>;  :0>-63>:  :0>-63>0  :0>-63>0  :0>-6337  :0>-633= :0>-6335 

;37  @M

M M

:0>-63=8  :0>-63=;  :0>-63=:  :0>-63=:  :0>-63=0  :0>-6357  :0>-635=

37 

@BWCDDCU @^CB 5  FE =3#-=37# W.V.@. 87 JY. KUOSW  37 JY. =05-F-58>  =05-F-583  -  =05-F-588  -  =05-F-58;  - 

=7  =3  57 57  53  67  >7

>7 67  WWB 

Fjmptcr :

@K 

WUOFCNSUC 

:0>-635= :0>-63;= (577X)

:0>-633>  (567/>87X) :0>-6356  :0>-63;5  (577X) :0>-636>  (567/>87X) :0>-6333 

=. Wos`t`oa emfl pdmtc, pdmtc, @tcb #>, bml`ak  surc tjmt =/:" x >3 fjmbhcrcn jodcs  `tcb #>, wcdn man kr`an sbootj. oa pdmtc mrc mt emfls`nc (hmf`ak mwmy hrob botor) man `astmdd stuns, `tcb #=:, hdusj w`tj emfls`nc oh pdmtc, 5. Eodt botor, `tcb #=, ermflct, ermflct, `tcb #8, (`h mppd`fmedc), man bouat`ak pdmtc, (`a jor`zoatmd pos`t`oa), `tcb #>, echorc wcdn`ak botor ermflct, `tcb #8, man rc`ahorf`ak emrs, `tcb #3, to  bouat`ak pdmtc, `tcb #>.

=05-F-*

=05-F-*

- 

-

6. @astmdd spmfcrs, `tcbs #: & #0, hma  man lcy, `tcbs #5 & #;, wmsjcr man  imbe aut, `tcbs #=7 & #==, t`kjtca   imbe aut to______ ht.des. >. @astmdd stuns, `tcb #5=, to bouat`ak  pdmtc, `tcb #>, s`b`dmr to stcp #=, cxfcpt =/:" `a hrob hroat (botor s`nc). 3. Wdmfc spmfcrs, `tcb #55, #55, oa stuns  man tura uat`d can oh spmfcr  j`ts jcmn pdmtc.

-  M E 

- 

- 

=05-F-* 

=05-F-* 

-  -  =05-F-675  =05-F-*  -  -  =05-F-67>

- 

:77

=05-F-*  :77  E 

>77  -  =05-F-*  >77  377  - 

E 

=05-F-*

E 

=05-F-*  877 

-  =05-F-*

-  =05-F-*

8. Wdmfc wmsjcr, `tcb #56, oato stun. #=:, man auts, `tcb #=0. ;. Wdmfc jous`ak, jous`ak, `tcb #6, oato oato stuns man `astmdd doflwmsjcrs, `tcb  :. Mdd edmncs mrc to ec mkm`ast tjc  jous`ak. @h tjcy mrc aot, mniust  spmfcr aut, `tcb #55, uat`d jous`ak  `s cvcady mkm`ast edmncs. 0. Ssc hccdcr kmukc to oetm`a fdcmrmafc  ms sjowa oa krmpj`f. ^ura spmfcr, `tcb #55, to mniust. =7. ^`kjtca auts, `tcb #=0, to dofl jous`ak `ato pdmfc.

377  

:77  :77  

 

H`kurc9 :-=> Edowcr Fmrtr`nkc Msscbedy 5 oh 5 ;37-0=

:-=3

 

Fjmptcr :

@AVWCF^@OA MAN BM@A^CAMAFC

—E‒

—N‒ D@ALMKC FOAACF^@OA WO@A^ JODC #= JODC #5

AO^C9 UCFOUN —@AV^MDDCN‒ XMDSCV OA ^J@V @DDSV^UM^@OA HOU HS^SUC UCHCUCAFC.

—F‒

M._____ HDMAKC FODDMU VC^^@AK E._____ NMBWCU WOV@^@OA M^ DO[-H@UC F._____ NMBWCU D@ALMKC MUC MAKDC (NCKUCCV) N._____ JODC WOV@^@OA ASBECU

HDMAKC FODDMU

—M‒ NMBWCU VJO[A @A ^JC DO[-H@UC WOV@^@OA

H`kurc9 :-=3 Hdmakc Foddmr man Nmbpcr Vctt`aks (^op X`cw)

NOSEDC VWU@AKV

JODC #= ( HM HMV^ V^ OWCA@AK NMBWCU) J@KJ-H@UC J@KJ-H@ UC V ^OW VFUC[ DO[-H@UC DO[-H @UC V^OW V FUC[ CZ^CUAMD CZ^C UAMD M UB

—E‒

JODC #= (VDO[ - OWCA@AK NMBWCU)

—M‒

CZ^CUAMD M UB CZ^CUAMD JODC WOV@^@OA

@A^CUAMD @A^CUA MD M UB

JODC #3 (VDO[-OWCA@AK N MBWCU) (VDO[-OWCA@AK

AO^C9 UCFOUN —@AV^MDDCN‒ XMDSCV OA ^J@V @DDSV^UM^@OA HOU HS^SUC UCHCUCAFC.

07·

JODC # : (HMV^ O WCA@AK NMBWCU) (HMF^OUP (HMF^OUP VC^^@AK M AN UCFOBBCANCN @A@^@MD VC^^@AK HOU @ A^CUAMD A^CUAMD MUB @A MDD FMVCV)

M._____ CZ^CUAMD MUB JODC WOV@^@OA E._____ NCKUCCV H`kurc9 :-=8 Ovcrtrmvcd D`almkc Vctt`aks

            

:-=8

;37-0=

 

@AVWCF^@OA MAN BM@A^CAMAFC

Fjmptcr :

]. VMHC^P XMDXCV

=.

Vjut ohh ohh ttjc jc o`d o`d ſtow ſtow. Ec surc surc ao prcss prcssurc urc ssjows jows oa tjc kmukc.

^jc smhcty vmdvc `s m vcry `bportmat smhcty ncv`fc man ncscrvcs mttcat`oa mfforn`akdy mfforn`akdy..

5.

Hoddow tjc rcfobbcanmt`oas oh your eo`dcr `aspcftor rckmrn`ak vmdvc `aspcft`oa man tcst`ak. ^jc hrcqucafy oh  tcst`ak, c`tjcr ey tjc usc oh tjc d`ht`ak dcvcr or ey rm`s`ak tjc stcmb prcssurc, sjoudn ec emscn oa tjc rcfobbcanmt`oa oh  your eo`dcr `aspcftor man/or tjc vmdvc bmauhmfturcr, man `a mffornmafc w`tj scft`oas X@ man X@@ oh tjc MVBC Eo`dcr E o`dcr man Wrcssurc Xcsscd Fonc.

Bmtfj-bmr Bmtfj-bmrl l tjc fmb j jue ue ma man n nr` nr`vc vc ssjmht. jmht. Bmtfj bmrl bmrl`ak `ak w`dd camedc rcpdmfcbcat oh tjc fmb `a `ts or`k`amd pos`t`oa man rcsudt `a m b`a`bub oh fmb mniustbcat wjca tjc euracr `s rc﬍rcn.

6.

Fdmbp or jo jodn dn tj tjcc bct bctcr`ak cr`ak stcb `a ttjc jc nowa nowa po pos`t` s`t`oa. oa.

>.

Doosca Doosca tjc sctsfrcw sctsfrcwss `a tjc fmb jue mman an ro rotmtc tmtc,, or bovc bovc tjc fmb to m pos`t`oa wjcrc `t nocs aot `atcrhcrc w`tj stcb rcbovmd.

3.

[`tjnrm [`tjnrmw w tjc bctcr`ak bctcr`ak vmdvc vmdvc stc stcb b man spr` spr`ak. ak. No aot nrop or b`sjmandc. Fjcfl hor a`fls or sfrmtfjcs. Fjcfl  tjmt tjc p`a jodn`ak tjc bctcr`ak port`oa `s aot protrun`ak. Emfl ohh tjc pmfl`ak kdman.

8.

Ucbovc Ucbovc tjc fmpsf fmpsfrcws rcws jodn`ak jodn`ak ttjc jc imfl imfl sjmht suppo support rt ermflct so tjmt tjc ermflct fma ec bovcn. @t bmy mdso ec acfcssmry to doosca tjc support`ak ermflct oa tjc hmr can oh tjc sjmht.

;.

Ucbovc Ucbovc ttjc jc cx`st cx`st`ak `ak pmfl` pmfl`ak ak man man ku ku`ncs. `ncs. No aot aot rc rcusc usc tjc pmfl`ak man ku`ncs.

:.

D`kjtdy D`kjtdy fo fomt mt tj tjcc stcb stcb w`tj w`tj tj tjcc duer`fma duer`fmatt prov`n prov`ncn cn w`tj w`tj tjc tjc pmfl`ak l`t. Wdmfc tjc acw pmfl`ak, O-r`aks man ku`ncs oato tjc stcb `a tjc scqucafc sjowa `a H`kurc :-=8. ^jc ecvcdcn hmfc oh tjc ku`ncs man tjc tcſtoa r`aks bust hmfc upwmrn, w`tj tjc cxfcpt`oa oh tjc uppcr ermss ku`nc

Mvo`n cxfcss`vc opcrmt`oa oh tjc smhcty vmdvc< cvca oac opca`ak fma prov`nc m bcmas oh dcmlmkc. Vmhcty vmdvcs sjoudn ec opcrmtcn oady ohtca caoukj to mssurc tjmt tjcy mrc `a koon worl`ak orncr. [jca m pop tcst `s rcqu`rcn, rm`sc tjc opcrmt`ak prcssurc to tjc sct prcssurc oh tjc smhcty vmdvc, mddow`ak `t to opca man rcscmt ms `t woudn `a aorbmd scrv`fc. No aot jman opcrmtc tjc vmdvc w`tj dcss tjma ;3% oh tjc stmbpcn sct prcssurc cxcrtcn oa tjc uancrs`nc oh tjc n`sf. [jca jman opcrmt`ak, ec surc to jodn tjc vmdvc `a ma opca pos`t`oa doak caoukj to purkc mffubudmtcn horc`ka bmtcr`md hrob tjc scmt mrcm man tjca mddow tjc vmdvc to samp sjut. Hrcqucat usmkc oh tjc smhcty vmdvc w`dd fmusc tjc scmt man n`sf to ecfobc w`rc nrmwa or stcmb fut. ^j`s w`dd fmusc tjc vmdvc to dcml man acfcss`tmtc nowa t`bc oh tjc eo`dcr hor vmdvc rcpm`r or rcpdmfcbcat. Ucpm`r oh m vmdvc bust ec noac oady ey tjc bmauhmfturcr or j`s mutjor`zcn rcprcscatmt`v rcprcscatmt`vc. c. Mvo`n jmv`ak tjc opcrmt`ak prcssurc too acmr tjc smhcty vmdvc sct prcssurc. M =7% n`hhcrcat`md `s rcfobbcancn. Ma cvca krcmtcr n`hhcrcat`md `s ncs`rmedc man w`dd mssurc ecttcr scmt t`kjtacss man vmdvc doakcv`ty.

FMB HODDO[CU VWU@AK WMFL@AK KDMAN KMVLC^*

U. HSCD O@D BC^CU@AK XMDXC, MNISV^@AK MAN UCD@CH X XMD MDXCV XCV

KS@NC, EUMVV, SWWCU* O-U@AK* WMFL@AK, ^CHDOA*

@a tjc cvcat tjmt m dcml offurs `a tjc pmfl`ak oh tjc bctcr`ak vmdvc, tjc pmfl`ak aut sjoudn ec saukkcn krmnumddy to stop tjc dcml.

KS@NC, EUMVV*

                

WMFL@AK, ^CHDOA*

! FMS^@OA NMAKCU

O@D HDO[

No aot ovcr t`kjtca tjc bctcr`ak vmdvc pmfl-  `ak aut. Cxfcss`vc t`kjtca`ak oh tjc pmfl`ak  aut prcvcats hrcc bovcbcat oh tjc bctcr`ak  stcb. Hm`durc to hoddow tjcsc `astruft`oas  fma fmusc nmbmkc to tjc cqu`pbcat.

KS@NC, EUMVV, [/O-U@AK* HSCD O@D FOA^UODDCU

OU@H@FC BC^CU@AK XMDXC V^CB OU@H@FC UC^M@A@AK VWU@AK

@h rcpdmfcbcat oh tjc bctcr`ak vmdvc pmfl`ak `s acfcssmry, profurc l`t W/A ::7-6;7 man `astmdd `a mffornmafc w`tj tjc hoddow`ak profcnurc.

O@D ^O ESUACU

*@AFDSNCN @A L@^ ::7-6;7

H`kurc9 :-=; Bctcr`ak Xmdvc Wmfl`ak Vcqucafc

;37-0=

:-=;

 

Fjmptcr : wj`fj `s hmfcn nowa. Ec surc tjmt tjc O-r`aks mrc propcrdy dofmtcn. 0.

Ss`ak tjc stcb stcb ms m ku`nc ku`nc,, `as `ascrt crt tjc msscb msscbedcn edcn pmfl` pmfl`ak ak `ato tjc fmv`ty, tjca w`tjnrmw tjc stcb.

@AVWCF^@OA MAN BM@A^CAMAFC

V. ^JC M@U WSBW MAN DSEU@FM^@AK VPV^CB M`r Fobprcssor

=7. @a tjc cv cvcat cat tjc pmfl pmfl`ak `ak `s too j`kj j`kj,, rcbov rcbovcc oac tcſtoa pmfl`ak hrob cmfj s`nc oh tjc b`nndc ermss ku`nc ms accncn.

^jc m`r pubp `tscdh rcqu`rcs d`ttdc bm`atcamafc. Jowcvcr, tjc d`hc oh tjc pubp `s ncpcancat upoa m suh﬍f`cat suppdy oh fdcma

Sancr ao f`rfubstmafcs cd`b`amtc tjc two tcſtoa pmfl`aks oa oady oac s`nc oh tjc ermss ku`nc.

food duer`fmt`ak ^jcoho`d tjc m`r-o`d tmal bust ec oescrvcn fdoscdy.o`d. Dmfl o`ddcvcd w`dd `a nmbmkc tjc pubp bml`ak rcpdmfcbcat acfcssmry. N`smsscbedy or ﬍cdn rcpm`rs to tjc pubp mrc aot rcfobbcancn.

==. Ucpdm Ucpdmfc fc tjc kmslct, kmslct, put tjc su support pport `a pd pdmfc, mfc, man scf scfurc urc mdd hmstca`aks. =5. Ucpdm Ucpdmfc fc tjc bctcr`ak bctcr`ak stcb man spr`ak. spr`ak. D`kjt D`kjtdy dy duer`f duer`fmtc mtc tjc stcb to hmf`d`tmtc `ascrt`oa man cmsy bovcbcat. Ssc fmrc wjca `ascrt`ak so tjmt tjc or`﬍fc man tjc stcb mrc aot nmbmkcn. =6. Vauk tjc pmfl pmfl`ak `ak kdman kdman,, eut oady suh suh﬍f`ca ﬍f`catdy tdy to pdmfc sd`kjt tcas`oa oa tjc pmfl`ak. ^jc stcb bust bovc hrccdy hrob tjc horfc oh tjc spr`ak. =>. [orl tjc stcb up man nowa scvcrmd t`bcs to ccasurc asurc tjmt `t `s bovcs hrccdy.

H`kurc9 :-=: M`r Fobprcssor Bonudc

Duer`fmt`ak O`d

=3. Ncprc Ncprcss ss tjc vmd vmdvc vc stcb ma man n rcpdmfc rcpdmfc tjc fmb. Bmtc tj tjcc bmtfj-bmrls man scfurc tjc sctsfrcws. Ec surc tjc fmb spr`ak `s fcatcrcn `a tjc roddcr.

Duer`fmt`ak o`d bust ec v`s`edc `a tjc kmukc kdmss mt mdd t`bcs. ^jcrc `s ao spcf`﬍f dcvcd rcqu`rcn ms doak ms o`d `s v`s`edc. No aot opcrmtc `h o`d `s aot v`s`edc.

=8. Ucstorc o`d ſto ſtow. w. ^cs ^cstt ﬍rc tjc eurac euracrr mt vmr`ous ﬍r`ak rmtcs ec`ak fcrtm`a tjmt tjc bctcr`ak stcb hrccdy hoddows tjc fmb.

O`d w`tj propcr v`sfos`ty bust ec uscn. VMC 57 nctcrkcat `s rcfobbcancn, mdtjoukj VMC =7 nctcrkcat `s mdso pcrb`ss`edc.

=;. ^`k ^`kjtca jtca tjc pmf pmfl`ak l`ak kdma kdman n mhtcr m pcr`on oh opcr opcrmt`oa mt`oa,, `h  acfcssmry,, to bm`atm`a propcr tcas`oa oa tjc pmfl`ak. No acfcssmry aot ovcrt`kjt ovcrt`kjtca. ca. @h tjcrc mrc `an`fmt`oas tjmt tjc o`d bctcr`ak vmdvc jms ecfobc fdokkcn mt `ts or`﬍fc, `t w`dd ec acfcssmry to n`smsscbedc tjc foatrod to rcbovc tjc oestruft`oa. Fdcma tjc sdottcn stcb oh  tjc o`d bctcr`ak vmdvc w`tj su`tmedc sodvcat man edow-nry w`tj ma m`r d`ac. Hoddow tjc profcnurc outd`acn meovc wjca rcbov`ak or rc`astmdd`ak tjc bctcr`ak vmdvc stcb. Mdso fjcfl  mdd hucd d`ac strm`acrs. Vjoudn m prcssurc mniust`ak or rcd`ch vmdvc ecfobc fdokkcn, n`smsscbedc ey rcdcms`ak tjc doflaut man emfl`ak ohh tjc sfrcw to rcd`cvc tcas`oa oa n`mpjrmkb. Ucbovc tjc vmdvc fovcr man tjc n`mpjrmkb to cxposc may n`rt or horc`ka bmtcr`md wj`fj bmy jmvc catcrcn tjc vmdvcs. Fdcma out fmrchuddy man rcmsscbedc. @t `s rcfobbcancn tjmt tjc n`mpjrmkbs ec rcpdmfcn maaumddy.

M@U MAN O@D B@Z^SUC HUOB WSBW

M@U ^O AOYYDC

   

V^CCD [OOD WMNV (6) (FOMUVC KUMNC) O-U@AK KMVLC^ DSEC O@D

DSEC O@D ^O FOOD@AK FO@D MAN WSBW

VCWMUM^CN VCWMUM ^CN O@D

H`kurc9 :-=0 M`r O`d Ucfc`vcr ^mal ^mal :-=:

;37-0=

 

@AVWCF^@OA MAN BM@A^CAMAFC [jca mnn`ak o`d9 Ucbovc tjc fovcr hrob tjc ﬍dd p`pc man mnn o`d tjroukj tjc foa`fmd strm`acr `a tjc p`pc w`tj tjc ua`t ruaa`ak.

Fjmptcr : `a pdmfc, sd`p tjc rctm`acr sfrcca oato tjc fyd`ancr. fyd`ancr. Ec surc to ﬍t ma O-r`ak kmslct uancr tjc fovcr so tjmt m t`kjt scmd `s oetm`acn. Hoddow prcv`ous `astruft`oas hor o`d rcpdmfcbcat.

! FMS^@OA NMAKCU O`d bust ACXCU ec mnncn uadcss tjc pubp  `s `a opcrmt`oa man tjc strm`acr sfrcca `s `a  pdmfc. Hm`durc to hoddow tjcsc `astruft`oas  fma fmusc nmbmkc to tjc cqu`pbcat. ^jc o`d man `ts foatm`acr sjoudn ec fdcma. Mdtjoukj tjcrc `s m strm`acr `a tjc duec o`d d`ac, `ts purposc `s to rcbovc may uawmatcn bmtcr`mds rmtjcr tjma to mft ms m ﬍dtcr hor uafdcma o`d.

Duer`fmt`ak O`d Vtrm`acr man Food`ak Fo`d

Duec O`d Food`ak Fo`d ^jc ﬍as oa tjc tue`ak bust ec lcpt fdcma man hrcc oh may nust or n`rt tjmt woudn rcs`st m`r ſtow man fmusc ovcrjcmt`ak. Ssc ma m`r josc to edow mwmy ncer`s. @atcramd fdcma`ak oh tjc tuecs `s scdnob rcqu`rcn `h m koon qumd`ty duec o`d `s uscn.

Hdcx`edc Foupd`ak Md`kabcat Md`kabcat oh tjc pubp man botor tjroukj tjc ſtcx`edc foupd`ak `s cxtrcbcdy `bportmat hor trouedc-hrcc opcrmt`oa. Fjcfl tjc foupd`ak md`kabcat scb`-maaumddy man rcpdmfc tjc foupd`ak `ascrt ms rcqu`rcn. Lccp tjc foupd`ak kumrn `a pdmfc.

M`r prcssurc hrob tjc pubp horfcs duer`fmt`ak o`d hrob tjc tmal tjroukj m food`ak fo`d to tjc pubp. ^jc o`d duer`fmtcs tjc pubp ecmr`aks man mdso prov`ncs m scmd man duer`fmt`oa hor tjc pubp vmacs.

^jc bost fobboady uscn toods hor fjcfl`ak md`kabcat mrc m sbmdd strm`kjtcnkc man m tj`flacss kmukc.

^jc foodcn o`d ſtows to tjc pubp tjroukj tjc strm`acr `a tjc ﬍ddcr p`pc. @t `s poss`edc to v`sumddy vcr`hy o`d ſtow nur`ak opcrmt`oa ey rcbov`ak tjc ﬍ddcr fmp man fjcfl`ak tjc ſtow. ſtow. @h  acfcssmry,, tjc strm`acr bmy ec fdcmacn nur`ak opcrmt`oa. acfcssmry

b`smd`kabcat cx`sts wjca sjmht mxcs mrc pmrmddcd eut aot

@a tjc cvcat `t `s acfcssmry to fdcma tjc strm`acr nur`ak opcrmt`oa, fdcma `t man rcpdmfc `bbcn`mtcdy. `bbcn`mtcdy. @t fma ec fdcmacn ey `bbcrs`ak `a sodvcat man edow`ak `t nry w`tj fobprcsscn m`r. No aot opcrmtc w`tjout tjc strm`acr may doakcr tjma acfcssmry,, man acvcr mnn acw o`d uadcss `t `s `a pdmfc. M spmrc acfcssmry strm`acr emslct fma ec oetm`acn, `h ncs`rcn, man uscn oa m rotmt`ak ems`s wj`dc tjc otjcr `s scrv`fcn.

^jc foupd`ak bust ec fjcflcn hor eotj pmrmddcd (ohhsct) md`kabcat man makudmr (kmp) md`kabcat. Wmrmddcd

OHHVC^ B@VMD@KABCA^

MAKSDMU B@VMD@KABCA^

M`r Fdcmacr Acvcr opcrmtc tjc m`r pubp w`tjout tjc m`r fdcmacr `a pdmfc. ^jc fdcmacr `tscdh bust ec pcr`on`fmddy fjcflcn man `ts cdcbcat ſtusjcn man fdcmacn scb`-maaumddy scb`-maaumddy..

M`r-O`d ^mal Wmns oh stccd wood mrc uscn `a tjc m`r to o`d tmal ms m ﬍dtcr`ak bcn`ub to scpmrmtc tjc duec o`d hrob tjc fobprcsscn m`r. H`kurc :-=: sjows m fross-scft`oa oh m tmal man tjc dofmt`oa oh tjc stccd wood. ^jc pmns pdmy m vcry `bportmat rodc man sjoudn ec rcpdmfcn scb`-maaumddy.. @t `s mdso `bportmat tjmt m propcr krmnc oh stccd scb`-maaumddy wood ec uscn. Oady Ao. 6 fomrsc krmnc Mbcr`fma stccd wood or cqumd (FE0=0-=5>) sjoudn ec uscn. ^jrcc pmns mrc rcqu`rcn. [jca rcpdmf`ak tjc wood, `ascrt two pmns `ato tjc fyd`ancr. Mdtcramtc tjc krm`a oh tjc pmns. @astmdd tjc spmfcr w`tj `ts stue can towmrn tjc opca`ak man ﬍t oac pmn ovcr tjc stue. Ec fmrchud aot to ovcrdy fobprcss tjc wood man ec surc tjmt `t `s ſtuhhcn out to ﬍dd mdd mvm`dmedc spmfc. @bpropcr

H`kurc9 :-57 Foupd`ak Md`kabcat foafcatr`f (scc H`kurc :-=0). Makudmr b`smd`kabcat `s tjc rcvcrsc s`tumt`oa - sjmht mxcs foafcatr`f, eut aot pmrmddcd. Fjcfl`ak pmrmddcd md`kabcat, eotj jor`zoatmd man vcrt`fmd fma ec mffobpd`sjcn, ey dmy`ak m strm`kjtcnkc mfross tjc foupd`ak jmdvcs man fjcfl`ak w`tj m tj`flacss kmukc to oetm`a tjc mbouat oh b`smd`kabcat. ^jc fjcfl sjoudn ec noac oa tjc top oh tjc foupd`ak man mt 07 nckrccs. M uschud j`at `s to jodn m ſtmsjd`kjt ecj`an tjc strm`kjtcnkc so tjmt may kmp fma rcmn`dy ec scca. Vj`b stofl oh mppropr`mtc tj`flacss man mrcm `s tjca uscn uancr c`tjcr tjc hcct oh tjc pubp or tjc botor to cstmed`sj pmrmddcd md`kabcat. M todcrmafc oh .77:" `s m pcrb`ss`edc d`b`t. Mhtcr pmrmddcd md`kabcat `s cstmed`sjcn, fjcfl hor makudmr

pmfl`ak fma fmusc j`kj o`d foasubpt`oa Mhtcr tjc dmst pmn `s

md`kabcat, wj`fj `s noac ey fjcfl`ak tjc kmp ectwcca

;37-0=

:-=0

 

Fjmptcr :

@AVWCF^@OA MAN BM@A^CAMAFC

^SE@AK ^MAL ^O FOOD@AK FO@D

OU@H@FC

HUOA^ FPD@ANCU  W@AV

M@U FDCMACU

H@DDCU W@WC MAN V^UM@ACU M@U-O@D UCFC@XCU ^MAL O@D DCXCU KMSKC ^SE@AK FO@D ^O WSBW

H`kurc9 :-5= M`r Fobprcssor Bonudc foupd`ak jmdvcs. ^jc foupd`ak sjoudn jmvc m b`a`bub kmp oh  =/=8" man m bmx`bub oh 6/65". Vct tjc spmf`ak ectwcca tjc jmdvcs mt oac po`at ey us`ak m tj`flacss kmukc man tjca rotmtc tjc foupd`ak sdowdy to ec surc tjmt fdcmrmafc mt tjmt po`at rcbm`as tjc smbc tjroukj 687 nckrccs oh rotmt`oa. Mniust to oetm`a propcr kmp ey doosca`ak tjc jodn-nowa eodts man sj`ht`ak c`tjcr tjc pubp or tjc botor ms rcqu`rcn. Kcacrmddy, m sd`kjt tmpp`ak oa c`tjcr tjc hroat or rcmr dcks `s mdd tjmt `s accncn to oetm`a dmtcrmd mniustbcat. Ucmr

M`r Fobprcssor Ucpdmfcbcat Uchcr to Fjmptcr ;, H`kurc ;-: hor `ncat`﬍fmt`oa oh vmr`ous fobpoacats man usc tjc hoddow`ak profcnurcs `a rcpdmf`ak tjc pubp. Ec surc to tmk tjc botor dcmns `h n`sfoaacftcn to s`bpd`hy rcfoaacft`oa.

N`sbmatd`ak =.

dcks bmy rcqu`rc sj`bb`ak hor vcrt`fmd forrcft`oa. ^`kjtca tjc jodn-nowa eodts mhtcr mniustbcats mrc bmnc man rcfjcfl md`kabcat. Fmd`pcrs fma mdso ec uscn to fjcfl makudmr md`kabcat. Bcmsurc tjc ovcrmdd n`stmafc oh tjc outcr cans oh tjc foupd`ak jmdvcs mt 07· `atcrvmds. Vj`ht tjc pubp or botor, ms rcqu`rcn, so tjmt tjc cans oh tjc foupd`ak mrc tjc smbc n`stmafc mpmrt mt mdd po`ats. ^jc foupd`ak w`dd tjca jmvc propcr makudmr md`kabcat. Ucbcbecr tjmt md`kabcat `a oac n`rcft`oa bmy mdtcr md`kabcat `a maotjcr. Ucfjcfl eotj makudmr man pmrmddcd md`kabcat profcnurcs mhtcr bml`ak may mdtcrmt`oa. M propcrdy md`kacn foupd`ak w`dd dmst doakcr man w`dd w `dd prov`nc trouedc-hrcc bcfjma`fmd opcrmt`oa.

D`ht out ttjc jc two two hroat hroat ffyd`an yd`ancr cr p`as p`as tjmt tjmt jo jodn dn ttjc jc sf sfrcca, rcca, man rcbovc tjc sfrcca.

5.

N`sfoaacft N`sfoaacft tjc ſtmrcn aut oa tue`ak tue`ak —M‒ (e (ecj`an cj`an sfrcca) sfrcca) man d`ht tue`ak —M‒ j`kj caoukj to prcvcat nrm`amkc oh  duer`fmt`ak o`d hrob tjc tmal.

6.

N`s N`sfoa foaacf acftt tjc ſt ſtmrc mrcn n aut mt mt tjc o or`﬍ r`﬍fc fc ﬍tt`a ﬍tt`ak. k.

>.

Ucbovc Ucbovc tjc tjc two two sjcct sjcct bctmd bctmd sfrc sfrcws ws tjmt tjmt jod jodn n tjc fyd` fyd`ancr ancr `a pdmfc. Oac sfrcw `s dofmtcn mt tjc top rcmr oh fyd`ancr, tjc otjcr `s mt tjc eottob hroat.

3.

Ucbovc Ucbovc tjc tjc cat`rc cat`rc j jcmt cmt cxfjma cxfjmakc kc mss msscbedy cbedy,, foas foas`st` `st`ak ak oh  tjc fyd`ancr, tjc ﬍aacn tue`ak, man tjc o`d d`ac —E.‒

8.

Ucb Ucbov ovcc ttjc jc hma hro hrob b tjc tjc m`r pubp. pubp.

;.

N`sfoaacft N`sfoaacft tjc ſtcx` ſtcx`edc edc mm`r `r dd`ac `ac hrob hrob tjc duec duec tmal. tmal.

:.

Ucbovc Ucbovc tjc ffoupd` oupd`ak ak kumrn kumrn ey pusj`ak pusj`ak `a o oa a eotj eotj s`ncs s`ncs uat`d `t fdcmrs tjc fdmbp.

:-57

;37-0=

 

@AVWCF^@OA MAN BM@A^CAMAFC

Fjmptcr :

^. UCHUMF^OUP 0.

Doosca tjc ffdmbp dmbp mt tj tjcc rcm rcmrr oh tjc tmal tmal man man rc rcbov bovcc tjc tmal w`tj foppcr tue`ak —M‒ mttmfjcn.

=7. Dcmv Dcmvcc tjc rcmr pubp erm ermflct flct (fo (foupd` upd`ak ak can) `a pdmfc to m`n `a rcmd`kabcat oh tjc rcpdmfcbcat pubp. No tj`s ey rcbov`ak tjc two fmpsfrcws tjmt cxtcan tjroukj tjc ermflct `ato tjc pubp jous`ak. ^cbpormr`dy dcmvc tjc hroat ermflct mttmfjcn to tjc pubp. ==. Ucbo Ucbovc vc sfrc sfrcws ws jodn`a jodn`ak k tjc hroat ermflct ermflct to tjc emsc man d`ht ohh tjc pubp w`tj `ts mttmfjbcats. Aotc tjc dofmt`oa oh tjc p`pc ﬍tt`aks man ermflcts pr`or to rcbov`ak hor `astmddmt`oa oa tjc rcpdmfcbcat pubp. @h p`p`ak `s n`sbmatdcn, ec surc tjmt tjc fjcfl vmdvc `s rc`astmddcn so tjmt tjc kmtc sw`aks towmrns tjc pubp.

Ucmsscbedy Ucmsscbedy `a rcvcrsc orncr oh n`smsscbedy. [`tj tjc rcmr pubp ermflct dcht `a pdmfc, rcmd`kabcat man spmf`ak ectwcca tjc pubp sjmht man tjc botor sjmht `s krcmtdy s`bpd`﬍cn. ^jcrc sjoudn ec mpprox`bmtcdy ;/:‒ spmfc ectwcca tjc two sjmhts. Wdmfc tjc foupd`ak `ascrt ectwcca tjc foupd`ak jmdvcs pr`or to rcmsscbedy. Fjcfl tjmt eotj sjmhts rotmtc hrccdy. Uchcr to tjc prcv`ous scft`oa oa foupd`ak md`kabcat `astruft`oas. @h sj`bs wcrc uscn or`k`amddy uancr c`tjcr pubp ermflcts or botor hcct, ec surc tjmt tjcy mrc forrcftdy rc`astmddcn. [jca rc`astmdd`ak tjc hma, sd`nc tjc jue oa tjc pubp sjmht so tjmt `t `s eottobcn. ^`kjtca tjc sctsfrcw man fmp sfrcws. @h tjc hma edmncs wcrc rcbovcn hrob tjc jue, ec surc tjmt tjc s`nc oh tjc edmnc bmrlcn —Edowcr‒ hmfcs tjc jue wjca rcmsscbed`ak. [jca t`kjtca`ak tjc foupd`ak jmdvcs or tjc hma jue, t`kjtca tjc sctsfrcws mkm`ast tjc lcy ﬍rst, tjca t`kjtca tjc sctsfrcw mkm`ast tjc sjmht. Fdcma or rcbovc may nust or kr`bc hrob tjc edmncs pr`or to rc`astmdd`ak. [jca rcpdmf`ak tjc rctm`acr sfrcca, m sd`kjt horfc bmy ec rcqu`rcn to pusj tjc food`ak fo`d `ato tjc m`r fyd`ancr so tjmt tjc p`as bmy ec ﬍ttcn `ato pdmfc. Ec surc tjmt mdd p`p`ak foaacft`oas mrc t`kjt. @ h t j c b o t o r wm s r c p d m f c n o r ` h b o t o r d c m n s wc r c n`sfoaacftcn, ec surc tjmt pubp rotmt`oa `s propcr echorc stmrt`ak opcrmt`oa. ^jc m`r pubp sjoudn rotmtc `a m fdoflw`sc n`rcft`oa, ms v`cwcn hrob tjc nr`vc sjmht can.

Kcacrmd Lccp tjc botor man otjcr fobpoacats hrcc hrob nust man n`rt to prcvcat ovcrjcmt`ak man nmbmkc. Botor duer`fmt`oa sjoudn hoddow bmauhmfturcr‐s rcfobbcanmt`oas.

^jc eo`dcr `s sj`ppcn w`tj fobpdctcdy `astmddcn rchrmftory. ^jc rchrmftory foas`sts oh tjc rcmr jcmn (H`kurc :-53), tjc `aacr noor, man tjc huramfc d`acr (H`kurc :-56). Aorbmd bm`atcamafc rcqu`rcs d`ttdc t`bc man cxpcasc, man prodoaks tjc opcrmt`ak d`hc oh tjc rchrmftory rchrmftory.. Wrcvcat`vc Wrcvcat` vc bm`atcamafc tjroukj pcr`on`f `aspcft`oa w`dd lccp tjc opcrmtor `ahorbcn oh tjc foan`t`oa oh tjc rchrmftory rchrmftory,, man w`dd kumrn mkm`ast uacxpcftcn man uawmatcn nowat`bc man bmior rcpm`rs. Hrcqucat wmsj fomt`ak oh tjc rchrmftory surhmfcs `s rcfobbcancn. J`kj-tcbpcrmturc-eoan`ak, m`r-nry typc bortmr bortmr,, n`dutcn w`tj wmtcr to tjc foas`stcafy oh d`kjt frcmb, `s uscn hor wmsj fomt`ak. Ucfomt`ak `atcrvmds w`dd vmry w`tj opcrmt`ak domns man mrc ecst nctcrb`acn ey tjc opcrmtor wjca tjc eo`dcr `s opcacn hor `aspcft`oa.

Huramfc D`acr Bm`atcamafc foas`sts oh offms`oamd wmsj fomt`ak oh tjc cat`rc d`acr. Hmfc mdd io`ats or frmfls ey mppdy`ak j`kj tcbpcrmturc eoan`ak bortmr w`tj m trowcd or ﬍akcrt`ps. [msj fomt`ak sjoudn ec noac ms sooa ms frmfls mrc nctcftcn. Vjoudn sckbcats oh tjc d`acr eura mwmy or hmdd out, rcpdmfc tjc cat`rc rchrmftory. rchrmftory. May rchrmftory tjmt bmy ercml out sjoudn ec rcbovcn ms sooa ms nctcftcn so tjmt `t w`dd aot husc to tjc eottob oh tjc huramfc man oestruft tjc ſtmbc. @h rcpdmfcbcat `s acfcssmry, rchcr to Fjmptcr 0  0   man orncr propcr rcpdmfcbcat bmtcr`mds. Ucbovc cx`st`ak rchrmftory. ^joroukjdy fdcma tjc huramfc to rcbovc mdd odn rchrmftory fcbcat or otjcr horc`ka bmtcr`md to casurc tjc acw d`acr scmts ﬍rbdy mkm`ast tjc stccd. @aspcft tjc huramfc bctmd. Ncpcan`ak upoa tjc ncs`ka prcssurc oh tjc eo`dcr, tjc huramfc bmy ec oh tjc forrukmtcn typc. @t `s acfcssmry to ﬍dd `a tjc forrukmt`oa vmddcys uancr tjc huramfc d`acr t`dc hrob > o‐fdofl  to : o‐fdofl w`tj `asudmt`ak fcbcat. ^jc d`acr t`dc sjoudn ec ﬍ttcn t`kjtdy mkm`ast tjc frowa oh tjc forrukmt`oa.

Aotc9 ^jc mrcm ectwcca tjc euracr jous`ak man tjc tjromt t`dc rcqu`rcs m koon scmd. Ma `bpropcr or poor scmd mddows m`r dcmls tjmt fma fmusc ovcrjcmt`ak man eura`ak oh tjc euracr jous`ak bctmd. ^jc mrcm sjoudn ec `aspcftcn scb`-maaumddy. Foatmft you dofmd Fdcmvcr-Erools rcprcscatmt`vc hor `ahorbmt`oa man scrv`fc

;37-0=

:-5=

 

Fjmptcr :

@AVWCF^@OA MAN BM@A^CAMAFC

H`kurc9 :-55 ^jromt ^`dc

^jromt ^`dc man D`acr @astmddmt`oa H`kurc9 :-56 D`acr ^`dc

^jc huramfc d`a`ak `s sjowa `a H`kurc :-56. ^jc tjromt t`dc bust ec `astmddcn to bm`atm`a ma mpprox`bmtcdy =8‒ `as`nc n`mbctcr, man ec fcatcrcn `a tjc huramfc. V`afc tjc tj`flacss oh tjc huramfc bctmd vmr`cs w`tj tjc eo`dcr ncs`ka prcssurc, m sj`b oh  mppropr`mtc tj`flacss bust ec uscn to fobpcasmtc hor tjc FOM^ OU H@DD ^J@V MUCM [@^J BO^OU MAN @AVSDM^@AK FCBCA^

KMVLC^ HSUAMFC (65-0:=)

SVC =/>‒ —FCUMHOUB‒ OU C]SMD MV M H@DDCU ^O OE^M@A =8‒ ½ =/:‒ @N OH ^JUOM^ ^@DC

HSUAMFC D@ACU ^@DC (0>-573)

ESUACU JOSV@AK HSUAMFC

EO@DCU VJCDD

H`kurc9 :-5> Huramfc D`acr Uchrmftory - >77 to :77 jp vmr`mafc. M dmycr or two oh `asudmt`ak eomrn or cqumd, or m ecn oh rchrmftory bmtcr`md, bmy ec uscn to fcatcr tjc r`ak. ^jc d`acr t`dc fma ec ﬍ttcn t`kjtdy mkm`ast tjc huramfc, s`afc tjc ﬍a`sjcn n`mbctcr `s aot fr`t`fmd.

man `astmdd tjc p`cfc mt tjc eottob oh tjc huramfc.[jca `astmdd`ak tjc jous`ak, or tjc t`dc mkm`ast tjc jous`ak, d`ecrmddy fomt tjc surhmfc w`tj rchrmftory fcbcat. Ucbovc may fcbcat tjmt `s squcczcn out. Mddow rchrmftory to m`r nry ms doak ms poss`edc. @h `bbcn`mtc

@t `s rcfobbcancn tjc t`dc ec nry-﬍ttcn, bmtfj-bmrlcn, rcbovcn, man tjcatjmt rc`astmddcn w`tj tjc propcr mbouat oh  rchrmftory fcbcat. ^j`a io`ats (dcss tjma =/=8‒) mrc ncs`rmedc.

usc `s rcqu`rcn, ﬍rc `atcrb`ttcatdy mt m dow rmtc hor scvcrmd jours to tjoroukjdy nry tjc rchrmftory.

Kcacrmddy,, `t w`dd ec acfcssmry to sjmvc m port`oa hrob oac or Kcacrmddy borc t`dcs to oetm`a m ﬍t. @h m ﬍dd p`cfc `s rcqu`rcn, fut `t to ﬍t

Hor nctm`dcn `ahorbmt`oa, rcqucst Euddct`a F=7 305= hrob your dofmd Fdcmvcr-Erools Ucprcscatmt`vc.

:-55

;37-0=

 

@AVWCF^@OA MAN BM@A^CAMAFC

Fjmptcr :

@AV^MDDM^@OA AO^C9 ^jc hoddow`ak profcnurc `s typ`fmd hor mdd stmanmrn 08" n`mbctcr eo`dcrs w`tj tjc cxfcpt`oa oh `tcbs #8,;, man :.aot uscn hor may d.p. (pdm`a huramfc) eo`dcrs. n`srckmrn may rchcrcafc to tjcsc `tcbs wjca worl`ak w/ d.p. eo`dcrs. =. @astmdd stuns, er`fl`ak tood, fcrmhcdt, eottob man top mrfj er`fls ms sjowa oa nctm`d —M‒ to —M‒ to fjcfl hor forrcft ﬍t up. @h  `atcrhcrcafc `s prcscat mt tjc mrfj er`fl, bcmsurc tj`s n`stmafc man tr`b `as`nc n`mbctcr (@.N.)oh mdd er`fls.

Aotc9 ^jc mrfj er`fls bust ec tr`bbcn to =8" oa cxfcss`vc prcssurcs to bm`atm`a er`fl @.N. 5. @astmdd tjc eottob jmdh oh mrfj er`fls ms sjowa oa nctm`d —E‒. 6. B`x tjc vcc edofl to m bortmr-d`lc foas`stcafy (pcr bmauhmfturcrs `astruft`oas) man pmfl tjc hroat (6) vmddcys oh  tjc huramfc forrukmt`oas w`tj tjc b`xturc, ſtusj w`tj tjc huramfc @.N. up to 6 man 0 o'fdofl hrob tjc fcatcrd`ac oh tjc huramfc. @astmdd eotj p`cfcs oh fcrmhcdt (`tcb #;) to `asudmtc tjc t`dc hrob tjc forrukmt`oa) man eck`a eottob jmdh oh ﬍rst row oh t`dcs ms sjowa oa nctm`d —f‒ (scc aotc #; ma >. to eck`a top jmdh oh mrfj er`fls man t`dcs, bcmsurc ohh uppcr jmdh oh huramfc mrfj er`fls man t`dcs w/ tcbpdmtcs, bmrl w/  fjmdl, man nctcrb`ac `h m fut er`fl or fut t`dc `s accncn (scc nctm`d —e‒). `h fut er`fl `s rcqu`rcn, dofmtc ecdow5 man =7 o'fdofl pos`t`oas (scc aotc #>). `h er`fl `s fut, makdc oh fut surhmfc sjoudn ec tjc smbc ms or`k`amd er`fl.`h fut er`fl or t`dc bcmsurcs dcss tjma =/5 hudd w`ntj, fut two (5) p`cfcs (scc aotc #=).

:. mhtcr io`at fcbcat jmrncas (5 jours mpprox.), rcbovc er`fl`ak tood, woonca t`dc supports, man n`sfmrn fcrmhcdt sj`bs. AO^CV9 =. ao fcrmhcdt, fut er`fls, or fut t`dcs to ec `astmddcn `a uppcr =57 qumnrmat oh huramfc, ms sjowa oa nctm`ds —e‒ man —f‒. 5. pmfl mdd er`fls man t`dcs t`kjtdy w/ bmddct man rcbovc cxfcss fcbcat - =/=8‒ typ`fmd io`at/ =/:‒ bmx. 6. ao fcbcat mppd`cn ectwcca fcrmhcdt man er`fls, t`dcs, or huramfc.oady mppd`cn ectwcca er`fls man t`dcs. >. no aot fovcr huramfc wcdn scmb w/ fcrmhcdt. fut man spmfc to su`t ms sjowa oa nctm`ds —e‒ man —f‒.3. support uppcr t`dcs w/ woonca eomrns to su`t G msscbedy. msscbedy. two (5) eomrns pcr t`dc ms sjowa oa nctm`d —f‒-hor 08" n`m. usc 6/>‒ x =-=/5‒ x 6:" dk. mpprox`bmtc.hor ;:" n`m. usc 6/>‒ x =-=/5‒ x 5:" dk. mpprox`bmtc. 8. to `asurc t`kjt ﬍t man bmx`bub `.n. oh mrfj er`fls, fut m 6" sq. p`cfc oh sfrmp fcrmhcdt man usc ms m sj`b ectwcca er`fl`ak tood o.n. man `.n. oh uppcr jmdh oh er`fls typ`fmd (`h acfcssmry). ;. stmkkcr fcbcatcn io`ats (scmbs) ectwcca mdd mrfj er`fls man t`dcs. :. mhtcr cmfj jmdh foursc oh er`fls or t`dcs `s `astmddcn, fdcma up cxfcss`vcc fcbcat man ﬍dd opca io`at mrcms wjcrc acfcssmry. cxfcss`v 0. hor ;:" n`m. eo`dcr usc er`fl`ak tood #0:-n-5:7 man hmstca w/ two (5) =/5‒-=6 auts.hor 08" n`m. eo`dcr usc er`fl`ak tood #0:-n-5;0 man hmstca w/ two (5) 3/:‒-== auts. EU@FL@AK ^OOD VCC AO^C #0 5

3. `astmdd er`fl`ak tood ms sjowa oa nctm`d —m‒ man foat`auc `astmdd`ak uppcr jmdh ey mdtcramt`ak oac (=) mrfj er`fl man oac (=) forrcspoan`ak t`dc ecj`an er`fl typ`fmd (scc aotcs #3, 8, man 0). 8. hor tjc dmst two (5) rows oh t`dcs, pmfl mdd rcbm`a`ak vmddc vmddcys ys oh huramfc forrukmt`oas (bcmsurc 68" hrob `as`nc surhmfc oh  mrfj er`fls) w/ vcc edofl b`xturc ſtusj w/ huramfc `.n. up to 6 man 0 o'fdofl fcatcrd`ac oh huramfc. ;. `astmdd eotj p`cfcs oh `tcb #: fcrmhcdt man foat`auc dmy`ak huramfc t`dcs to fobpdctc tjc dmst two (5) rows (scc aotc #;).

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(@AV@NC X@C[)

^JUOM^ ^@DC MAN HSUAMFC D@ACU

 

Fjmptcr :

@AVWCF^@OA MAN BM@A^CAMAFC

Ucmr Noor ^jc rcmr noor `s m stccd sjcdd foatm`a`ak jor`zoatmd emhſtc t`dcs man d`acn w`tj `asudmt`oa bmtcr`md man fmstmedc rchrmftory (scc H`kurc :-53). Euracn or n`sfodorcn pm`at oa tjc outcr surhmfc oh tjc noor nocs aot acfcssmr`dy `an`fmtc rchrmftory trouedc, eut bmy ec ma `an`fmt`oa oh otjcr foan`t`oas, sufj ms9 =.

Dcml Dcml``ak k kms msl lcts. ts.

5.

@b @bpr prop opcr cr scmd scmd..

6.

Noor rrctm` ctm`a`ak a`ak eodts eodts `asuh `asuh﬍f`ca ﬍f`catdy tdy o orr uacvcad uacvcady y t`k t`kjtcac jtcacn. n.

>.

^jc mm`r `r d` d`ac ac to tjc tjc rcmr rcmr s` s`kjt kjt ttuec uec b bmy my ec e edof doflcn lcn o orr doosc.

3.

Noor wms rrcpm`a cpm`atcn tcn w`tj otjcr tjma jcmt rcs`stmat rcs`stmat pm`at. pm`at.

^jcrchorc, echorc mssub`ak tjmt tjc rchrmftory rcqu`rcs rcworl`ak9 =.

Fjcfl tjc foan`t foan`t`oa `oa oh tj tjcc tmnpodc tmnpodc kmsl kmslct ct ma man n ro ropc pc scmd. scmd.

5.

Fjcfl tjc foan` foan`t`oa t`oa oh ttjc jc `asudm `asudmt`ak t`ak fcbcat fcbcat pr protcf otcft`ak t`ak

6.

tjc tmnpodc kmslct. Fjcfl tjc jo jor`zo r`zoatmd atmd emh emhſtc ſtc t`d t`dcc hor dmrkc dmrkc frm frmfls, fls, e ercmls rcmls,, fj`ppcn foracrs, ctf.

>.

Fjcfl hor frmfl frmflss `a tjc tjc fm fmstmed stmedcc rchrmfto rchrmftory ry mt cans oh oh tjc emhſtc t`dc.

3.

Fjc Fjcfl fl ttjc jc tt`kj `kjtac tacss ss oh oh tj tjcc no noor or e eodt odts. s.

8.

Vcc tj tjmt mt tj tjcc m`r d`ac tto o tjc s`kjt tuec `s fd fdcmr cmr,, man ttjmt jmt tjc tjc foaacft`oas mrc t`kjt. @h acfcssmry, edow tjc d`ac fdcmr w`tj ma m`r josc.

@t `s aorbmd hor rchrmftor`cs cxposcn to jot kmscs to ncvcdop tj`a —jm`rd`ac‒ frmfls. @t ey ao bcmas `an`fmtcs `bpropcr ncs`ka or worlbmasj`p. V`afc rchrmftory bmtcr`mds cxpman man foatrmft w`tj fjmakcs `a tcbpcrmturc, tjcy sjoudn ec cxpcftcn to sjow b`aor frmfls nuc to foatrmft`oa wjca cxmb`acn mt dow tcbpcrmturcs. Frmfls to mpprox`bmtcdy =/:" mfross bmy ec cxpcftcn to fdosc mt j`kj tcbpcrmturc. @h tjcrc mrc may frmfls tjmt mrc rcdmt`vcdy dmrkc (=/:" to =/>" `a w`ntj),

H`kurc9 :-58 Ucmr Noor Opca fdcma man ﬍dd tjcb w`tj j`kj-tcbpcrmturc-eoan`ak bortmr. May kmp tjmt bmy sjow ectwcca tjc fmstmedc rchrmftory man tjc emhſtc t`dc sjoudn ec ﬍ddcn `a m s`b`dmr bmaacr. Mhtcr opca`ak tjc rcmr noor, fdcma tjc ſtmakc w`tj m sfrmpcr or w`rc erusj. Fdcma tjc surhmfc oh tjc rchrmftory fmrchuddy w`tj m ﬍ecr erusj to mvo`n nmbmk`ak tjc surhmfc. Fdcma tjc bmt`ak

EMHHDC VCMD UOWC

BOAOD@^J@F EMHHDC

HDMAKC KMVLC^ NC^M@D

H`kurc9 :-53 Ucmr Noor w`tj V`tc K Kdmss dmss Food`ak ^uec ^uec

H`kurc9 :-5; Emhſtc Foastruft`oa

:-56

:-5>

;37-0=

 

@AVWCF^@OA MAN BM@A^CAMAFC surhmfcs oh tjc emhſtc t`dc man tjc eo`dcr sjcdd. Ucbovc mdd nr`cn scmd`ak bmtcr`md. [msj-fomt tjc dowcr jmdh oh tjc rcmr noor rchrmftory pr`or to fdos`ak. ^jc uppcr jmdh oh tjc noor foatm`as m d`kjtwc`kjt `asudmt`ak bmtcr`md, s`b`dmr to tjmt uscn `a tjc `aacr noor. M tj`a wmsjfomt b`xturc, mppd`cn kcatdy w`tj m erusj, `s jcdphud `a bm`atm`a`ak m jmrn surhmfc.

Fjmptcr : UCMU ^SEC VJCC^

UOWC MAN FCBCA^ UCHCU ^O ^CZ^

@h tjc emhſtc t`dc or tjc rchrmftory rcqu`rc rcpdmfcbcat, foatmft your dofmd Fdcmvcr Fdcmvcr-Erools -Erools mutjor`zcn rcprcscatmt` rcprcscatmt`vc. vc.

Hroat @aacr Noor ^jc hroat `aacr noor `s d`acn w`tj m d`kjtwc`kjt fmstmedc `asudmt`oa bmtcr`md. ^j`a —jm`rd`ac‒ frmfls bmy ncvcdop mhtcr m pcr`on oh t`bc. Jowcvcr, tjc frmfls w`dd kcacrmddy fdosc nuc to cxpmas`oa wjca tjc eo`dcr `s ﬍rcn. M tj`a wmsj-fomt b`xturc, mppd`cn kcatdy w`tj m erusj, `s jcdphud `a bm`atm`a`ak m jmrn surhmfc. B`aor rcpm`rs fma ec mffobpd`sjcn ey cadmrk`ak or futt`ak out mhhcftcn mrcms, ec`ak fcrtm`a tjmt tjcy mrc fdcma, man tjca pmtfj`ak ms rcqu`rcn. Vjoudn tjc cat`rc `asudmt`oa rcqu`rc rcpdmfcbcat, rcbovc cx`st`ak bmtcr`md man fdcma to emrc bctmd. @aspcft tjc rctm`a`ak p`as man rcpdmfc `h acfcssmry. Uc`ahorf`ak w`rc, su`tmedy mttmfjcn, bmy mdso ec uscn.^jc rcfobbcancn `asudmt`oa `s —Xcc Edofl B`x‒ man `s mvm`dmedc `a 37 de emks (Fdcmvcr(Fdcmvcr-Erools Erools W/A :;5-=85). B`x tjc bmtcr`md w`tj wmtcr to m trowcd`ak foas`stcafy. B`x`ak sjoudn ec fobpdctcdy ua`horb w`tj ao port`oa c`tjcr wcttcr or nr`cr tjma maotjcr. ^rowcd tjc b`xturc `ato may mrcms tjmt mrc ec`ak pmtfjcn. @h rcpdmf`ak fobpdctc `asudmt`oa, eck`a mt tjc eottob oh tjc noor man mppdy tjc b`xturc to m tj`flacss cqumd to tjc protcft`ak sjroun. [`tj m trowcd, mppdy jor`zoatmddy emfl man hortj mfross tjc noor `a dmycrs uat`d tjc rcqu`rcn tj`flacss `s rcmfjcn. Mddow to m`r-nry ms doak ms poss`edc. @h `bbcn`mtc usc oh tjc eo`dcr `s rcqu`rcn, ﬍rc ms sdowdy ms poss`edc to mvo`n rmp`n nry`ak oh tjc bmtcr`md.

S. OWCA@AK MAN FDOV@AK UCMU NOOU M koon scmd ectwcca tjc rcmr noor man tjc prcssurc vcsscd `s acfcssmry to prcvcat dcmlmkc oh fobeust`oa kmscs, doss oh  jcmt, man to m`n `a oetm`a`ak opcrmt`ak ch﬍f`cafy. Dcmls fma mdso fmusc jot spots tjmt fma dcmn to prcbmturc rchrmftory hm`durc man/or nmbmkc to tjc noor bctmd.

UCMU EO@DCU HDMAKC

H`kurc9 :-5: Ucmr Hdmakc, Wowcr Eo`dcr

! [MUA@AK NMAKCU Ec fcrtm`a tjmt tjc nmv`t mrb `s uancr tcas`oa echorc opca`ak. Hm`durc to hoddow tjcsc `astruft`oas fma rcsudt `a scr`ous pcrsoamd `aiury or ncmtj. Echorc doosca`ak tjc noor eodts, t`kjtca tjc aut oa tjc nmv`t stun to casurc tcas`oa oa tjc nmv`t mrb. Wutt`ak tjc nmv`t mrb uancr tcas`oa w`dd jcdp cd`b`amtc smkk`ak, man w`dd hmf`d`tmtc opca`ak man fdos`ak. ^jc opcacn noor sjoudn ec supportcn ey edofl`ak or imfl`ak to cd`b`amtc poss`edc nchorbmt`oa oh tjc noor. Wr`or to fdos`ak, fjcfl mdd kmslcts man scmd`ak surhmfcs. @h tjc noor kmslct `s jmrn or er`ttdc, `t sjoudn ec rcpdmfcn. ^jc ﬍ecrkdmss ropcs uscn hor tjc emhſtc scmd man hor tjc noor kmslct scmd sjoudn aot ec rcuscn. ^jc noor ſtmakc man tjc tuec sjcct mrcm oh tjc emhſtc scmd sjoudn ec fdcma man hrcc oh odn scmd`ak bmtcr`md, sfmdc, ctf. Ec surc tjmt mdd oh tjc kmslct rctm`a`ak hmstcacrs mrc `a pdmfc. Ucbovc tjc odn ropc man `asudmt`ak fcbcat hrob tjc emhſtc t`dc or rchrmftory. Ec fmrchud aot to fj`p or frmfl tjc rchrmftory. Uchcr to H`kurc :-53, wj`fj sjows tjc typc oh  emhſtc foastruft`oa - boaod`tj`f or t`dc - man tjc dofmt`oa oh  tjc ropc. ^jc ropc `s pdmfcn `a tjc kroovc oh tjc boaod`tj`f ncs`ka man oa top oh tjc d`p oh tjc t`dc emhſtc typc foastruft`oa. Mttmfj m acw dcaktj oh =-=/>" n`mbctcr ﬍ecrkdmss ropc (W/A :36-0:5) to tjc emhſtc. Ec fcrtm`a tjmt `t `s propcrdy pos`t`oacn man usc m rmp`n sctt`ak mnjcs`vc (W/A :;5->:=) to jodn `t `a pdmfc.

[jca opca`ak tjc noor, c`tjcr hor rout`ac bm`atcamafc or hor ma maaumd `aspcft`oa, no aot no so wjca w jca tjc eo`dcr or tjc noor `s jot. ^jc rchrmftory w`dd jodn `ts tcbpcrmturc hor sobc t`bc

Aotc9 M eo`dcr eu`dt hor j`kj prcssurc ncs`ka, sufj ms =37 ps` or j`kjcr stcmb or hor 87 ps` or j`kjcr jot wmtcr, `s foastruftcn w`tj m

man cxposurc to mbe`cat tcbpcrmturc or rmp`n food`ak bmy fmusc rchrmftory frmfl`ak man/or jmrb to tjc eo`dcr man noor bctmd.

ſtmakcn tuec sjcct tjmt ﬍ts `as`nc tjc eo`dcr sjcdd man noor ſtmakc. Uchcr to H`kurc :-5;.

;37-0=

:-53

 

Fjmptcr :

@AVWCF^@OA MAN BM@A^CAMAFC

=‒ N@MBC^CU UOWC UCMU NOOU HDMAKC

@AVSDM^@AK FCBCA^

JCMN KMVLC^

=/5‒ N@MBC^CU UOWC

UCMU NOOU HDMAKC

JCMN KMVLC^

@AVSDM^@AK FCBCA^

UCMU EO@DCU HDMAKC

UCMU EO@DCU HDMAKC

J@KJ WUCVVSUC NCV@KA =37-677 WV@ V^CMB 87-=37 WV@ JO^ [M^CU

DO[ WUCVVSUC NCV@KA =3 WV@ V^CMB 67 WV@ JO^ [M^CU

H`kurc9 :-50 Ucmr Noor Vcmd`ak ^jc mrcm ectwcca tjc furvcn port`oa oh tjc sjcct man tjc ſtmakc `s pmflcn w`tj ﬍ecrkdmss ropc man fovcrcn w`tj fcbcat to ﬍dd tjc vo`n man to prov`nc m sbootj scmd`ak mrcm. Ucpdmfcbcat `s aot aorbmddy acfcssmry, eut, `h `t `s, fobpdctcdy rcbovc tjc odn bmtcr`md. H`rbdy fmudl m dmycr oh  =/5" n`mbctcr ropc (W/A :36-008) `ato tjc mrcm. ^mbp m scfoan dmycr oh =" n`mbctcr ropc (W/A :36-000) ovcr tjc ﬍rst dmycr.. Mppdy m fomt`ak oh `asudmt`ak fcbcat pudp (W/A :;5-58) dmycr

ovcr tjc ropcs to horb m sbootj surhmfc. Mddow tjc fcbcat pudp to jmrnca echorc fdos`ak tjc noor.

Fdos`ak man Vcmd`ak Fomt tjc noor kmslct w`tj w `tj ma o`d man krmpj`tc b`xturc. Mppdy m sbmdd mbouat oh m pudp b`xturc, foas`st`ak oh W/A :;5-58 fcbcat man wmtcr mrouan tjc `aacr f`rfubhcrcafc oh tjc kmslct. Wrcss ropc `ato tj`s mrcm. Ssc =/5" n`mbctcr ropc (W/A :36-008) hor m eo`dcr oh dow prcssurc ncs`ka. Ssc =" n`mbctcr

:-58

;37-0=

 

@AVWCF^@OA MAN BM@A^CAMAFC

Fjmptcr :

ropc (W/A :36-000) hor m j`kj prcssurc eo`dcr. Uchcr to H`kurc :-5:, wj`fj sjows tjc typc oh foastruft`oa hor cmfj ncs`ka. Mhtcr tjc ropc `s `astmddcn, tjc cat`rc ropc man kmslct mrcm, man tjc emhſtc mrcm, sjoudn ec d`ecrmddy fomtcn w`tj tjc pudp b`xturc. [jca tjc noor `s fdoscn, tjc pudp w`dd fobprcss to protcft tjc tmnpodc kmslct man horb m scmd ectwcca tjc rchrmftory surhmfc man tjc tuec sjcct. Noor eodts sjoudn ec rua `a sauk man t`kjtcacn cvcady to mvo`n fofl`ak tjc noor man nmbmk`ak tjc kmslct. Vtmrt t`kjtca`ak mt top fcatcr man mdtcramtc ectwcca tjc top man eottob eodts uat`d eotj mrc t`kjt. No aot ovcrt`kjtca. ^`kjtca mdtcramtc eodts uat`d tjc noor `s scfurcn man kms t`kjt. Mhtcr tjc eo`dcr `s emfl `a opcrmt`oa, rct`kjtca tjc eodts to fobpcasmtc hor may cxpmas`oa. Doosca tjc aut oa tjc nmv`t stun to rcdcmsc tcas`oa hrob tjc nmv`t mrb.

X. D DSEU@ SEU@FM FM^@OA ^@OA

Nm Nm`d `dy y

•F Fjc jcf fl v v`s `sum umdd ddy y hhor or hr hrcc cc bo bov vcb cbca catt o ohh @@HK HKU U dd`a `al lmk mkc c.

]umrtcr ]um rtcrdy dy

• Bmau Bmaumdd mddy yf fjcf jcfl l hhor or hrc hrcc c bov bovcbc cbcat at oh @@HKU HKU d`almk d`almkc. c. • @aspcft man fdcma @HKU nmbpcr (o`d-hucdcn systcb). • @aspcft man fdcma hma man euracr (o`d-hucdcn systcb).

• Kr Krcm cmsc sc hm hma a bot botor or.. Vcb`-Maaumd • @aspcft man fdcma @HKU nmbpcr (kms-hucdcn syssystcb). • @aspcft man fdcma hma man euracr (kms-hucdcn systcb). • Opca botor/hma fmsscttc to fjcfl hor hrcc bovcbcat oh @HKU d`almkc man nmbpcr msscbedy. Maaumd

• @@a aspcft hhm ma ``b bpcddcr.

Cdcftr`f Botors

• Fjcfl cb`ss`oas.

Bmauhmfturcrs oh cdcftr`f botors vmry `a tjc`r spcf`﬍fmt`oas hor duer`fmt`oa man fmrc oh botor ecmr`aks< tjc`r spcf`﬍f rcfobbcanmt`oas sjoudn ec hoddowcn.

• Fjmakc `adct kmslct.

Emdd-ecmr`ak-cqu`ppcn botors mrc prc-duer`fmtcn. ^jc dcaktj Emdd-ecmr`ak-cqu`ppcn oh t`bc m ecmr`ak fma rua w`tjout jmv`ak krcmsc mnncn w`dd ncpcan upoa bmay hmftors, `afdun`ak tjc rmt`ak oh tjc botor, typc oh botor cafdosurc, nuty, mtbospjcr`f foan`t`oas, jub`n`ty, man mbe`cat tcbpcrmturcs. Fobpdctc rcacwmd oh krcmsc, wjca acfcssmry, fma ec mffobpd`sjcn ey horf`ak out tjc odn krcmsc w`tj tjc acw krcmsc. ^joroukjdy w`pc tjosc port`oas oh tjc jous`ak mrouan tjc ﬍ddcr man nrm`a pduks (meovc man ecdow ecmr`aks). Ucbovc tjc nrm`a pduk (eottob) man hrcc tjc nrm`a jodc oh may jmrncacn krcmsc wj`fj bmy jmvc mffubudmtcn. [`tj tjc botor aot ruaa`ak, mnn acw krcmsc tjroukj tjc ﬍ddcr jodc uat`d fdcmr krcmsc stmrts to fobc out oh tjc nrm`a jodc. Echorc rcpdmf`ak tjc nrm`a pduk, rua tjc botor hor =7 to 57 b`autcs to cxpcd may cxfcss krcmsc.^jc ﬍ddcr man nrm`a pduks sjoudn ec tjoroukjdy fdcmacn echorc tjcy mrc rcpdmfcn. ^jc duer`fmat uscn sjoudn ec fdcma man cqumd to oac oh tjc koon fobbcrf`md krmncs oh krcmsc dofmddy mvm`dmedc. Vobc duer`fmats tjmt mrc n`str`eutcn amt`oamddy mrc9 • Kud Kudhh O` O`dd - Wrc Wrcf`s f`s`oa `oa Krc Krcmsc msc Ao. 5 • Ju Jube bedc dc O` O`dd - Ma Mano nol lE

Foatrod D`almkc Mppdy m aoa-kubb`ak, nr`pdcss, j`kj tcbpcrmturc duer`fmat, sufj ms krmpj`tc or m s`d`foac ncr`vmt`vc to mdd p`vot po`ats man bov`ak pmrts. [orl [orl duer`fmat `a wcdd man w`pc cxfcss. U Ucpcmt cpcmt mppd`fmt`oa mt rcqu`rcn `atcrvmds to bm`atm`a hrccnob oh  bot`oa oh pmrts.

Vodcao`n man Botor`zcn X Xmdvcs mdvcs Vodcao`n vmdvcs man botor`zcn vmdvcs rcqu`rc ao duer`fmt`oa.

@HKU Duer`fmt`oa Botors sjoudn ec d`kjtdy duer`fmtcn mt stmrtup, us`ak tjc krcmsc spcf`﬍cn ecdow or cqu`vmdcat. Duer`fmtc tjc botor ms hoddows9

! [MUA@AK NMAKCU N`sfoaacft man dofl out cdcftr`fmd powcr to tjc eo`dcr echorc duer`fmt`ak tjc hma botor. Hm`durc to hoddow tjcsc `astruft`oas fma fmusc `aiury or ncmtj.

• ^cx cxmf mfo o - Bud Budt` t`hm hml l Ao. Ao. 5

=. N`sfoaacft man dofl out cd cdcftr`fmd cftr`fmd po powcr wcr to tjc eo`dcr. eo`dcr.

• Wj Wj`d `dd` d`ps ps - = =E E + UE Ao.5 Ao.5

5. [`pc fdcma mdd krcmsc ﬍tt`aks (﬍dd man nrm`a nrm`a ﬍tt`aks).

• H`slc H`slc E Eros ros.. - Em Emdd dd Ecmr` Ecmr`ak ak Duer` Duer`fma fmatt

6. Ucbovc tj tjcc ﬍dd man nrm`a pduks hrob tjc botor can fmp.

• Vtm Vtmanm anmrn/ rn/Boe Boe`d `d - B Boe` oe`dux dux Ao. 5

>. Hrcc tjc nrm`a jodc oh may jmrn krcmsc. (Ssc m p`cfc p`cfc oh  w`rc, `h acfcssmry.) acfcssmry.) 3. Mnn krcm krcmsc sc us`ak m dow-prc dow-prcssurc ssurc krcmsc krcmsc kua. kua.

;37-0=

:-5;

 

Fjmptcr :

@AVWCF^@OA MAN BM@A^CAMAFC

Aotc9 ^jc mbouat man typc oh krcmsc `s vcry `bportmat. Oady caoukj krcmsc sjoudn ec mnncn to rcpdmfc tjc krcmsc uscn ey tjc ecmr`ak. C`tjcr too bufj or too d`ttdc krcmsc fma ec jmrbhud. ^jc krcmsc fmv`ty sjoudn ec ﬍ddcn =/6 to =/5 hudd, us`ak Fjcvroa VU@ 5 krcmsc or cqu`vmdcat. Vjcdd Nod`ub U `s m su`tmedc suest`tutc duer`fmat.

8. [`tj tjc ﬍dd mman an nrm`a pdu pduks ks st`dd rcbovcn, mp mppdy pdy cdcftr`f powcr to tjc eo`dcr, stmrt tjc botor, man dct `t rua hor mpprox`bmtcdy 67 b`autcs. ;. ^ura ^ura eo eo`dc `dcrr ohh. ohh.

! [MUA@AK NMAKCU N`sfoaacft man dofl out cdcftr`fmd powcr to tjc eo`dcr echorc duer`fmt`ak tjc hma botor. Hm`durc to hoddow tjcsc `astruft`oas fma fmusc `aiury or ncmtj. :. N`sfoaacft man dofl out ccdcftr`fmd dcftr`fmd po powcr wcr to tjc eo`dcr eo`dcr.. 0. [`pc ccxfcss xfcss krcmsc hrob tjc botor botor,, man `astmdd tjc ﬍dd man nrm`a pduks. Botor `s rcmny hor opcrmt`oa. =7.Ucfoaacft cdcftr`fmd powcr. powcr.

[. O@D JCM^CUV - CDCF^U@F, V^CMB, V^CM B, J JO^ O^ [M [M^CU Ma maaumd bm`atcamafc oh tjc jcmtcrs foas`sts pr`bmr`dy oh  rcbov`ak tjc jcmt`ak cdcbcat hrob tjc sjcdd man sfrmp`ak may mffubudmt`oa oh fmreoa`zcn o`d or sdunkc ncpos`ts tjmt bmy jmvc foddcftcn oa tjc jcmt cxfjmak`ak surhmfcs. Echorc ercml`ak may oh tjc cdcftr`fmd foaacft`oas to tjc cdcftr`f jcmt`ak cdcbcats, bmrl mdd w`rcs man tcrb`amds to mssurc rmp`n man forrcft rcpdmfcbcat oh w`rcs. H`a`sj tjc fdcma`ak profcss w`tj m fdcma`ak sodvcat to fut mdd jmrncacn ncpos`ts hrob tjc jcmtcr cdcbcat. Ecfmusc oh tjc `asudmt`ak chhcft oh fmreoa man sdunkc, pcr`on`f fdcma`ak `s acfcssmry to prcvcat ovcrjcmt`ak oh tjc cdcbcats. @h opcrmt`oa oh tjc jcmtcr ecfobcs sdukk`sj, cxmb`ac tjc cdcbcats mt oafc man fdcma ms rcqu`rcn. @aspcft tjc sjcdd or tmal cmfj t`bc tjc jcmtcr `s rcbovcn. Hdusj mdd mffubudmtcn sdunkc man scn`bcat hrob tjc tmal  echorc rc`astmdd`ak tjc jcmtcr jcmtcr.. ^jc foancasmtc hrob stcmb o`d jcmtcrs bust ec smhcdy n`sfjmrkcn to wmstc. ^jc wmstc sjoudn ec fjcflcn pcr`on`fmddy hor may trmfcs oh o`d tjmt woudn `an`fmtc dcml`ak tuecs w`tj`a tjc jcmtcr.

^jc jot wmtcr o`d jcmtcr (H`kurc :-50) foatm`as m jcmt trmashcr sodut`oa. O`d ſtows tjroukj ma `aacr tuec wj`dc eo`dcr wmtcr surrouans tjc outcr tuec. ^jc spmfc ectwcca tjc two tuecs `s ﬍ddcn w`tj tjc jcmt trmashcr sodut`oa man `s foaacftcn to ma cxpmas`oa fjmbecr oa tjc rcmr oh tjc jcmtcr. M v`sumd `an`fmtor oa tjc fjmbecr rcvcmds tjc prcscafc oh may o`d `h ma o`d dcml offurs. M 37/37 sodut`oa oh pcrbmacat man wmtcr `s kcacrmddy uscn ms tjc jcmt trmashcrmat`hrcczc sodut`oa. @h tjcrc `s ao n m a k c r o h h r c c z ` a k , p d m ` a wm t c r b m y e c u s c n m s m rcpdca`sjbcat `h acfcssmry to rc﬍dd. Cv`ncafc oh o`d `a c`tjcr tjc stcmb jcmtcr foancasmtc or `a tjc wmtcr jcmtcr `an`fmtor ncbmans probpt rcpm`rs.

Z. FOBESV^@OA ^jc hrcqucafy oh euracr mniustbcats ncpcans upoa scvcrmd hmftor,, `afdun`ak< typc oh euracr, typc oh hucd, domn foan`t`oas, hmftor mbe`cat tcbpcrmturc, fd`bmt`f vmr`medcs, man kcacrmd bm`atcamafc prmft`fcs. ^jc m`r-hucd rmt`o sjoudn ec fjcflcn boatjdy `a orncr to mdcrt tjc opcrmtor to dosscs `a ch﬍f`cafy, wj`fj no aot pronufc v`s`edc ſtmbc fjmakc. May t`bc bm`atcamafc `s pcrhorbcn oa tjc euracr d`almkc, tjc m`r-hucd rmt`o sjoudn ec fjcflcn. Ucmniustbcat oh tjc euracr bmy ec rcqu`rcn nuc to vmr`mt`oas `a hucd fobpos`t`oa. M fobeust`oa mamdyzcr sjoudn ec uscn to mniust m`r-hucd rmt`o hor bmx`bub opcrmt`ak ch﬍f`cafy. @h your euracr rcqu`rcs mniustbcats, foatmft your dofmd FdcmvcrErools mutjor`zcn rcprcscatmt`vc hor mss`stmafc.

:-5:

;37-0=

 

@AVWCF^@OA MAN BM@A^CAMAFC

Fjmptcr :

X@VSMD @AN@FM^OU

KMVLC^V

CZWMAV@OA CZWM AV@OA FJMBECU EO@DCU [M^CU FOAACF^@OAV

O@D

OS^DC^ FMW@DDMUP VWMFC VWMFC EC^[CCA ^SECV O@D @ADC^ @AACU ^SEC UC^SUA FOAACF^@OAV

OS^CU ^SEC

H`kurc9 :-67 F`rfu`t Dmyout oh Jot [mtcr O`d Jcmtcr

[`aneox ^cbpcrmturc (^yp`fmd) - Amturmd Kms  87 WWB

=67·-=>7· H

67 WWB

=87·-=;3· H

53 WWB

=:3·-=03· H

57 WWB

=03·-5=7· H

;37-0=

:-50

 

Fjmptcr :

@AVWCF^@OA MAN BM@A^CAMAFC

NM@DP

VCB@MAASMDDP

BOA^JDP

MAASMDP

• Fjcfl wmtcr dcvcd

• @aspcft euracr

• Fdcma dow wmtcr futohh

• Fdcma ﬍rcs`nc surhmfcs

• Fjcfl fobeust`oa v`sumddy

• @aspcft hor ſtuc kms dcml

• Fdcma o`d pubp strm`acr, ﬍dtcr

• Fdcma erccfj`ak

• Edow nowa eo`dcr

• @aspcft hor jot spots

• Fdcma m`r fdcmacr man m`r/o`d  scpmrmtor

• @aspcft wmtcrs`nc surhmfcs

• Edow nowa wmtcr foduba

• Fjcfl fmbs

• Ucforn hccnwmtcr  prcssurc/tcbpcrmturc

• @aspcft rchrmftory • Fjcfl hor t`kjt fdos`ak oh hucd vmdvc • Fjcfl hucd man m`r d`almkc

• Ucforn ſtuc kms tcbpcrmturc • Ucforn o`d prcssurc man tcbpcrmturc

• Fjcfl `an`fmt`ak d`kjts man mdmrbs

• Ucbovc man fdcma o`d prcjcmtcr • Fjcfl m`r pubp foupd`ak md`kabcat • @aspcft / rcpm`r euracr jous`ak to rchrmftory scmd

• Fjcfl opcrmt`ak man d`b`t foatrods

• Ucforn kms prcssurc • ^rcmt wmtcr mfforn`ak to tjc cstmed`sjcn prokrmb • Ucforn mtob`z`ak m`r prcssurc

• Fjcfl smhcty man `atcrdofl foatrods •uausumd Fjcfl hor dcmls, ao`sc, foan`t`oas, ctf. v`ermt`oa, • Fjcfl dow wmtcr futohh opcrmt`oa

H`kurc9 :-6= Ucfobbcancn Eo`dcr @aspcft`oa Vfjcnudc

Aotcs 

• Fjcfl opcrmt`oa oh smhcty vmdvcs

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;37-0=

    

FJMW^CU 0 FSV^OBCU VCUX@FC MAN WMU^V HSUA@VJ FOBWDC^C @AHOUBM^@OA [JCA OUNCU@AK WMU^V - [jca orncr`ak pmrts or spmrcs, k`vc ncsfr`pt`oa man stmtc qumat`ty oh pmrts ncs`rcn, tokctjcr w`tj tjc fobpdctc ambcpdmtc nmtm, `afdun`ak rmt`ak, boncd, man scr`md aubecr oh tjc botor man mdd nmtm. [JCUC ^O OUNCU WMU^V - Ucpm`r man rcpdmfcbcat pmrts sjoudn ec orncrcn hrob your dofmd Fdcmvcr-Erools mutjor`zcn rcprcscatmt`vc.

FE EO@DC EO@DCU U JOU JOUVCW VCWO O[C [CU U

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;37-0=

 

0-=

 

    

Fjmptcr 0

FSV^OBCU VCUX@FC MAN WMU^V

^medc Oh Foatcats M@U FOBWUCVVOU MAN W@W@AK. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .0-6 M@U FOBWUCVVOU (37JY) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..0.> 0.> M@U D@AC W@W@AK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .0.3 MDV^UOB JCM^CU J/O J[ FE, FE-DC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0-8, 0-; ESUACU JOSV@AK VSWWOU^ & HUOA^ HUO A^ JCMN WD^ V^N & J^N . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0-:, 0-0 FOA^UOD WMACD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0-=7, 0-== CA^UMAFC EOZ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0-=5, 0-=6 HUOA^ NMX@^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0-=>, 0-=3 HUOA^ JCMN @AACU NOOU . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .0-=8 HUOA^ JCMN D@ALMKC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .0-=; HUOA^ JCMN (CDCF^U@FMD) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0-=:, 0-=0 KMV ^UM@A C]S@WBCA^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0-57, 0,5= JCMXP O@D W@W@AK V^CMB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0-55, 0-56 @HKU . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0-5>, 0-5 0-53, 3, 0-58 @BWCDDCU, @BWCDDCU JOSV@AK MAN M@U @ADC^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .0-5; WUCVVSUC FOA^UODV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .0-5: WUCVVSUC XCVVCDV & ^SEC VJCC^V FE & FE-DC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .0-50 D@KJ^ O@D W@W@AK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .0-67 O@D/M@U W@W@AK-HUOA^ JCMN (D@KJ^ O@D) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0-6=, 0-65 UCMU JCMN VCMD@AK & NMX@^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .0-66 ^CBWCUM^SUC FOA^UODV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .0-6> ^JUOM^ ^@DC MAN HSUAMFC D@ACU . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0-63, 0-68, 0-6;, 0-6: [.F.-BM@A & MSZ. FE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0-60, 0->7

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