Makalah PBL Modul 1 Kelp 3 TumKem

 

 

IELECEB VDC INMQC 5

MHWQWQ@ NCAB ? LACNIVNL 7

Latue

? I. Else Ersyem

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Walraterhs

? Dassa @urjhtrhe`e

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E`kknte

?

5. E`estesye E`wer

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4. Gh`my Ave Eieche

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7. Uetru` @eme E.Meecy

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=. Ihce`tby Tebeldeuw

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1. E``hse Ghlec Iusmechje

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:. [e Nma Me`e Eyu Wwesthle 5:546466612 5:546466612 ;. Jermhle Ceres @h`krui

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2. @ureh`h Eyhmeb Jethieb

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DCNL ]QIDQB LAIDE@K MA@]NLTE@HNJEWHEC JELQC]EW LAMNL]ATE@ KHKH Q@HZATWH]EW IQWCHI H@MN@AWHE IELEWWET 4645

 

 

LE]E VA@KE@]ET

Vuoh syulur lhte pe`oetle` labemhret Ecceb W[] ye`k taceb iaidarhle` rebiet me` bhmeyeb-@ye sabh`kke seye mepet ia`yacasehle` tukes ye`k daroumuc –Ieleceb VDC Inmuc 5’ h`h tapet peme weltu`ye. Emepu` tuoue` merh pa`uchse` Ieleceb h`h emeceb u`tul iaia`ubh tukes  peme iete lucheb DCNL ]QIDQB LAIDE@K MA@]NLTE@HNJEWHEC. Waceh` htu, Ieleceb h`h ouke dartuoue` u`tul ia`eideb wewese` ta`te`k prnsas tuidub laide`k pra`etec me` pnst`etec, jeltnr ye`k iaipa`kerbh tuidub laide`k nrngre`huijeghec, petnka`ashsmerh sarte meipel merh gaceb dhdhr me` gaceb pecetui me` saputer tuidub laide`k ma`tnlre`hnjeshec ceh``ye ma`ke` dehl me` da`er. Leih ia`kugeple` de`yel tarhie leshb lapeme mrk. Lur`hety, Wp.LKE me` mrk. Xusthshe Vusphteserh, Wp.Nrt sacelu Mnsa` Va`e`kku`k Oewed peme Dcnl ]uidub Laide`k Ma`tnlre`hnjeghec , ye`k taceb iaidarhle` tukes h`h sabh`kke mepet ia`eideb pa`katebue` me` wewese` sasueh ma`ke` dhme`k stumh ye`k leih paceoerh seet h`h me` lamape``ye. Leih ouke ia`kugeple` tarhie leshb lapeme saiue phbel ye`k thmel mepet seye sadutle` saiue, tarhieleshb etes de`tue``ye sabh`kke sabh`kke mepet mepet ia`yacasehle` tukes ieleceb VDC Inmuc 5 h`h. Leih ia`yemerh, tukes ye`k leih laroe h`h ieshb oeub merh lete saipur`e. Ncab lera`e htu, lrhthl me` sere` leih dutuble` maih lasaipur`ee` Ieleceb VDC Inmuc 5 h`h.

Ielesser, 6: @nvaidar 4645

Va`uchs

 

 

MEJ]ET HWH

IELECEB VDC INMQC 5.......................................... ................................................................. ......................................... .................. h   LE]E VA@KE@]ET ............................................. ................................................................... ............................................ ......................... ... hh  MEJ]ET HWH ........................................................ .............................................................................. ............................................. ............................ ..... hhh  DED 5 VA@MEBQCQE@ .......................................... ................................................................ ............................................ ...................... 5  5.5 

Ceter Dacele`k ....................................... ............................................................. ............................................ ......................... ... 5 

5.4 

Tuiuse` Ieseceb .................................. ........................................................ ............................................. ......................... .. 5 

5.7 

]uoue` ............................................ .................................................................. ............................................ ................................. ........... 4 

DED 4 VAIDEBEWE@ ....................... ............................................. ............................................ ............................................ ...................... 7   4.5 Vrnsas Vr nsas ]uidub Laide`k Vra`etec .......................................... ............................................................ .................. 7  4.4 Vrnsas ]uidub Laide`k Vnst`etec ........................................ .......................................................... .................. 1  4.7 Jeltnr Xe`k Iaipa`kerubh ]uidub Laide`k Nrngre`huijeghec.......... Nrngre`huijeghec .......... 2  4.= Vetbnka`ashs Gaceb Dhdhr me` Gaceb Vecetui .......................................... .......................................... 56  4.1 Meipel merh Gaceb Dhdhr me` Gaceb Vecetui .......................................... .......................................... 54  DED 7 VA@Q]QV ............................................................. .................................................................................... ................................... ............ 51   7.5 Lashipuce` ........................................................ .............................................................................. ...................................... ................ 51  MEJ]ET VQW]ELE .......................................... ................................................................ ............................................ ............................ ...... hv 

 

 

DED 5 VA@MEBQCQE@ 5.5 Ceter Dacele`k

Ln`sap tuidub laide`k iarupele` suetu bec ye`k iutcel peme e`el, ielsum`ye tuidub emeceb prnsas darteideb daser`ye sac  ‗   sac sarte  darteideb`ye oerh`ke` h`tresacucar. Wame`kle` ye`k mhielsum ma`ke` laide`k eteu darlaide`k emeceb prnsas paiete`ke` ju`ksh eteu nrke` tudub tariesul  parlaide`ke` laieipue` ia`tec me` lagarmese` sarte parhcelu e`el . Veme la`yetee``ye tuidub laide`k sagere alspchtsht dhse mhphseble` setu seie ceh`. Vrnsas tuidub laide`k h`h darce`ksu`k saoel ewec paiduebe` (ln`sapsh) seipeh elbhr iese raieoe ma`ke` iacaweth iese  ‗   iese eteu parhnma pra`etec,  deyh deru cebhr, presalnceb, salnceb mh`h me` raieoe raieoe . Vrnsas tuidub laide`k lre`hnjeshec mhpa`kerubh ncab dadarepe jeltnr, saparth ka`athle, sthiucesh eteu ch`klu`ke` me` esupe` `utrhsh ye`k npthiec. @utrhsh iaihchlh pare` pa`th`k mecei partuidube` tuce`k ie`ushe. @utrhsh iarupele` seceb

setu

iale`hsia ye`k

ia`ketur partuidube`

me`

parlaide`ke`

lre`hnjeshec.@utrhsh saparth prntah`, vhteih` E eteu M, ih`arec saparth ynmhui, lecshui me` jnsjnr ye`k sahide`k iaihchlh pa`kerub tarbemep partuidube` tuce`k weoeb me` khkh ye`k dehl Vartuidube` me` parlaide`ke` merh weoeb me` rn`kke iucut iarupele` suetu prnsas ye`k se`ket lnipcals. Laceh`e` ye`k sarh`k taroemh peme weoeb emeceb gaceb dhdhr me` ce`kht-ce`kht.5 Gaceb dhdhr me` ce`kht-ce`kht emeceb laceh`e` lre`hnjeshec ln`ka`htec ye`k pech`k uiui taroemh ma`ke` pa`yaded iucthjeltnrhec. Gaceb dhdhr tarda`tul seet oerh`ke` dhdhr ye`k same`k darlaide`k thmel ia`yetu sagere saipur`e. Dhdhr tardekh ia`oemh mue dekhe` me` ia`kbeshcle` susu`e` ntnt dhdhr nrdhgucerhs nrhs ye`k thmel `nriec. 5.4 Tuiuse` Ieseceb

Tuiuse` ieseceb peme ieleceb h`h sadekeh darhlut? 5.  Oacesle` prnsas tuidub tuidub laide`k laide`k pra`etec. 4.  Oacesle` prnsas tuidub laide`k pnst`etec.

 

 

7.  Oacesle`

jeltnr ye`k iaipa`kerubh ye`k darpare` mecei tuidub

laide`k nrngre`huijeghec . =.  Oacesle` petbnka`ashs merh gaceb dhdhr me` gaceb pecetui. 1.  Oacesle` meipel merh gaceb dhdhr dhdhr me` gaceb peceti peceti tarbemep prnsas tuidub laide`k pnst`etec. 5.7 ]uoue`

Merh ruiuse` ieseceb mhetes iele mepet mhshipucle` tuoue` merh ieleceb emeceb ? 5.  Iebeshswe ieipu ia`katebuh prnsas tuidub laide`k pra`etec. 4.  Iebeshswe ieipu ia`katebuh prnsas tuidub laide`k pnst`etec. 7.  Iebeshswe ieipu ia`katebuh jeltnr ye`k iaipa`kerubh ye`k darpare` mecei tuidub laide`k nrngre`huijeghec . =.  Iebeshswe ieipu ia`katebuh petbnka`ashs merh gaceb dhdhr me` gaceb  pecetui. 1.  Iebeshswe ieipu ia`katebuh meipel merh gaceb dhdhr me` gaceb peceti

tarbemep prnsas tuidub laide`k pnst`etec.  

 

 

DED 4 VAIDEBEWE@ 4.5 Vrnsas ]uidub Laide`k Vra`etec

Varlaide`ke` pre`etec emeceb parlaide`ke` ewec merh ie`ushe. Mhiuceh merh paiduebe` ye`k taroemh merh partaiue` sac sparie ma`ke` sac tacur. Wac tacur ye`k taceb iete`k mhduebh ncab sac sparie ye`k iete`k ye`k elbhr`ye ele` ia`oemh sac-sac deru me` iaida`tul zhknt. Mecei paiduebe` eme dadarepe ln`mhsh ye`k mhta`tule`? e.  Dewee` cebhr  d.  Va`a`tue` oa`hs laceih` g.  Ouiceb e`el m.  Qrute` mecei lacuerke Varlaide`ke` pra`etec taroemh mecei 7 tebep, yehtu karih`ec, aidrhn`hl  me`  me` jatec.  e.  ]ebep Karih`ec ]ebepe` karih`ec taroemh saoel paiduebe` seipeh 4 ih`kku. _hknt iaidaceb mhrh me` ia`oemh cadhb lnipcals laiumhe` ia`aipac peme mh`mh`k rebhi ia`oemh te`me ewec iese labeihce`. Mecei weltu 7: oei sataceb  paiduebe`, zhknt iaiesulh iese paidacebe` me` mupchlesh sac gapet (ihtnshs). ;4 oei sataceb paiduebe`, zhknt iaidaceb mhrh ia`oemh 5: me` laiumhe` 74 sac, saberh laiumhe` ia`oemh := sac. Vaidacebe` h`h tarus  darce`ksu`k seipeh s eipeh setu sac parteie darlaide`k ia`oemh 266 oute eteu cadhb sac lbusus ye`k iaida`tul tudub ie`ushe.  d.  ]ebepe` Aidrhn`hl ]ebepe` lamue iese labeihce` h`h mhiuceh merh 4-2 ih`kku. Nrke` me` shstai tudub uteie darlaide`k paset. H`h emeceb iese lrhths, seet aidrhn  pech`k ra`te` tarbemep pa`kerub mastrulthj merh ch`klu`ke` pre`etec. Whstai eteu strultur nrke` ye`k ieshb darlaide`k peme seet tarpeper cadhb iu`klh` u`tul tarla`e ajal`ye. Geget ye`k taroemh peme seet labeihce` tebepe` sace`out`ye thmel cadhb sarhus. g.  ]ebepe` Jatec

 

 

]ebepe` lathke iese labeihce` h`h mhiuceh merh 2 ih`kku seipeh ma`ke` iese lacebhre`. Waceie iese h`h, oe`h` tuidub ma`ke` paset salhter 46 lech cadhb daser merhpeme ulure` pe`oe`k`ye me` nrke` salechkus shstai tudub ia`oemh cadhb lnipcals. Wa`tube` elbhr saparth lulu oerh te`ke` me` lelh tuidub sarte lacnpel iete tardule. Varlaide`ke` weoeb taroemh peme parhnma iese aidrhn ye`k mhiuceh ih`kku la =-56 HQC. peme seet h`h pe`oe`k aidrhn lure`k cadhb 7.1 ii me` meareb weoeb tarmhrh merh 1 dueb tn`once` ( jeghec prngassas / swacch`k) lachie tn`once` tarsadut emeceb prnsasuj jrn`tecs, 4 dueb prnsasuj ielshcerhs le`e` merh lhrh, 4 dueb  prnsasuj ie`mh ducerhs le`e` me` lhrh. Veme ih`kku LA-2 HQC iule taceb tarda`tul ca`klep, pe`oe`k aidrhn lure`k me` 76 Ii. Veme ih`kku la-1 HQC, Vrnchjaresh merh iasa`lhi jrn`ru`esechs mhsalachch`k paidulee` cude`k bhmu`k ye`k ia`kbeshcle` prnsasus `esec iamhe me` cetarec. Vrnsasus ielshcerhs tuidub la ereb iamhec merh pnshsh cetarec u`tul iaida`tul dekhe` cetarec rebe`k etes. Veme ih`kku la-: HQC, merh prnsasus ielshcerhs ele` tarda`tul mue sbacjchla, ye`k mhsadut dhceb-dhceb pecetui. Veme ih`kku la-; HQC, dhceb-dhceb pecetui ele` `ehl la pnshsh Bnrhzn`tec mhetes chmeb me` dajush setu seie ceh` iaida`tul pecetui salu`mar. Varlaide`ke` weoeb sanre`k ie`ushe tarchbet. Dhdhr etes taceb ia`yetu, me` taceb Jhctrui. Ie`mhduce daresec merh ca`klu`k dre`lhec iu`guc iaida`tul prnsasus  dhcetarec, parteie yehtu tuce`k rewe` Ieglac iaida`tul rebe`k deweb. Mhseet ih`kku la : HQC, parlaide`ke` tuce`k lerthcekn h`h iacues sadekeh dete`k bych`a Gerthceka, mhcephsh ncab lepsuc jhdrnsacucar, merh taipet parlaide`ke` tach`ke

bh`kke

ihmch`a

mhie`e

ie`mhduce

dareme.

Vartuidube`

me`

 parlaide`ke` tuce`k Tewe` Ieglac h`h dareme malet ma`ke` paida`tule` mh  da`tul ia`gepeh ⅗ mnrsec tuce`k rewe` iaglac `. Ie`mhducerhs h`h laiumhe`  dagede`k ia`oemh `. Ecvancerhs h`ja`rhnr me` `. ecvaucerhs ch`kuechs.

 

 

4.4 Vrnsas ]uidub Laide`k Vnst`etec Iese Vnst`etec (Wasumeb Lacebhre`)

Vnst-`etec yehtu mhsadut sadekeh iese sataceb lacebhre` eteu iese mh ie`e  deyh cebhr merh rebhi sanre`k hdu. Wataceb deyh cebhr, deyh ele` ia`keceih  parlaide`ke` ye`k iachputh iese deyh, iese ewec e`el-e`el, iese parta`kebe` me` elbhr e`el-e`el, iese raieoe, iese ewec mawese, iese elbhr mawese me` seipeh iese tue (Vepeche, 4656) Da`tul lapece deyh iarupele` da`tul ih`h merh da`tul lapece nre`k mawese. Veme deyh me` mawese prnpnrsh weoeb, ta`klnrel, sarte pnce  parlaide`ke` me` jush tuce`k iaihchlh pardamee` ye`k shk`hjhle`. Veme deyh tarmepet tuce`k-tuce`k ye`k tarphseb saweltu cebhr same`kle` mhseet mawese tuce`k-tuce`k tarsadut ele` ia`yetu iacecuh shstai parcalete` suture. Lathle cebhr suture da`tul`ye cadhb cader mhde`mh`kle` seet mawese me` suture ia`oemh taipet  paida`tule` tuce`k ye`k elthj ]a`klnrel Deyh Deru Cebhr

Weet cebhr, tuce`k phphb ta`klnrel tarphseb setu seie ceh` ncab suetu e`yeie` saipht oerh`ke` hlet, suture, ye`k ouke daresec merh mue suidar? sac lrhste `aurechs (suture sekhtechs) me` iasnmari perelshec (suture lnrn`echs). Mh ththl taipet cadhb merh mue tuce`k dartaiu, suture`ye iacader me` mhsadut jn`te`ac (Keider 56.1). Jn`te`ac ye`k pech`k ia`n`onc emeceb jn`te`ac e`tarhnr, ye`k tarcatel mh taipet partaiue` mue tuce`k perhatec me` mue tuce`k jrn`tec. Wuture me` jn`te`ac iaiu`klh`le` tuce`k-tuce`k ta`klnrel u`tul sech`k tuipe`k th`mhb (incesa) saweltu mhcebhrle`. Wakare sataceb cebhr, tuce`k-tuce`k iaidre`nse  darkarel laidech la pnshsh saiuce, me` ta`klnrel teipel daser me` ducet. Deble`, ulure` ludeb cadhb daser mhde`mh`kle` ma`ke` rakhn weoeb ye`k laghc

 

 

Dadarepe suture me` jn`te`ac tatep iaidre`nse saceie dadarepe weltu sasumeb cebhr. ]uce`k- tuce`k ludeb ta`klnrel tarus tuidub sasumeb cebhr, taruteie lera`e ntel tuidub. [eceupu` sanre`k e`el darushe 1-; tebu` iaihchlh beiphr sacurub lepeshtes lre`hui`ye, dadarepe suture tatep tardule bh`kke iese mawese. Veme dadarepe tebu` parteie sasumeb cebhr, pecpesh jn`te`ac e`tarhnr mepet iaidarhle` h`jnriesh ye`k darie`jeet saparth epeleb nshjhlesh ta`klnrel  daroece` `nriec me` epeleb tale`e` h`trelre`hec `nriec. Veme sadekhe` daser lesus, jn`te`ac e`tarhnr ia`utup peme ushe 52 duce` me` jn`te`ac pnstarhnr ia`utup peme ushe 5-4 duce`.  @aurnlre`hui Lerthcekh`nse Lerthcekh`n se eteu Ln`mrnlre`hui Ln`mrnlre`h ui

 @aurnlre`hui lerthcekh`nse eteu ln`mrnlre`hui ta`klnrel iuce-iuce tarmhrh merh saouiceb lerthcekn ye`k tarphseb. ]uce`k-tuce`k ye`k tarcatel mh mape`  detes rnstrec `ntnlnrme, ye`k darelbhr sath`kkh bhpnjhshs mh ta`keb sace turshle,  daresec merh sac lrhste `aurechs. ]uce`k-tuce`k h`h iaida`tul ln`mrnlre`hui  pralnrme. ]uce`k- tuce`k ye`k tarcatel mh pnstarhnr bh`kke detes h`h daresec merh slcarntni nlshphtec ye`k mhda`tul ncab iasnmari perelshec me` iaida`tul ln`mrnlre`hui lnrme. Meser ta`klnrel mhda`tul lathle lerthcekn-lerthcekn h`h ia`yetu me` ia`keceih pa`uce`ke` ncab nshjhlesh a`mnln`mrec (Keider 56.:).

Zhsarnlrehui

Zhsarnlre`hui, ye`k tarmhrh merh tuce`k-tuce`k weoeb, mhda`tul taruteie merh mue erlus jerh`k ye`k parteie . Erlus parteie iaida`tul dekhe` mnrsec,  prnsasus ielshcerhs, ye`k iaida`te`k la mape` mh deweb rakhn iete me`

 

 

iaida`tul ielshce, ns zhkniethlui, me` dekhe` ns taipnreca (Keider 56.;). Dekhe` va`trec, prnsasus ie`mhducerhs, darhsh lerthcekn Iaglac. Iasa`lhi mh salhter lerthcekn Iaglac iaiemet me` ia`keceih pa`uce`ke` ncab nshjhlesh h`treiaidre`nse u`tul iaida`tul ie`mhduce. Lerthcekn Iaglac ia`kbhce`k laguech mh chkeia`tui sja`nie`mhducera. Qou`k mnrsec prnsasus ie`mhducerhs,  darseie ma`ke` dekhe` erlus jerh`k lamue, laiumhe` iaida`tul h`lus, iecaus me` stepas (Keider 56.;). Nshjhlesh lathke nshluce tarsadut mhiuceh mh duce` laaipet, iaiduet lathke tuce`k htu ia`oemh tuce`k-tuce`k parteie ye`k tarnshjhlesh sapa`ub`ye. Iasa`lhi u`tul paida`tule` tuce`k- tuce`k weoeb  daresec merh sac lrhste `aurechs, tariesul ns `eseca me` ns celrhieca. Veme ewec`ye, weoeb darulure` laghc mhde`mh`kle` ma`ke` `aurnlre`hui. Va`eipele` h`h mhsadedle` ncab (5) beiphr thmel eme`ye sh`us umere pere`esec me` (4) laghc`ye ulure` tuce`k, lbusus`ye rebe`k. Ma`ke` iu`guc`ye khkh me`  darlaide`k`ye sh`us-sh`us umere, weoeb labhce`ke` labhce`ke` lereltarhsthl deyh`ye. Varudebe` ielshcce Weet Cebhr ? 5.  Mheiatar tre`svarsec me` e`tarn-pnstarhnr tuce`k cadhb de`yel merh peme varthlec. 4.  Vrnsasus jrn`techs tarda`tul ma`ke` dehl me` lnipnshsh tuce`k prnsasus jrn`techs cadhb de`yel merh prnsasus ecvancerhs. 7.  Wnlat khkh ia`gepeh beiphr la meser nrdhtec. =.  Wh`us ielshcerhs ia`eiphcle` ecur peme mh`mh`k cetarec bhmu`k. Weet Mawese ? Veme mawese mheiatar varthlec ia`gepeh ielshiec.

 

 

Weet Qshe ]ue ? Mecei ushe tue tuce`k darechb mecei dadarepe ulure` ma`ke` ln`mhsh maka`arethj, sadekeh? 5.  Lath`kkhe` ielshce darlure`k. 4.  Wataceb bhce`k`ye khkh, prnsasus ecvancerhs ia`keceih rasnrpsh me` tuce`k  dekhe` deweb darlure`k latadece``ye. Vartuidube` ie`mhduce eme mue iegei yehtu? 5. Vnce parteie, dekhe` pnstarhnr ie`mhduce me` deshs lre`hui tatep, saia`tere meku darkarel la deweb me` mape`. 4. Vnce lamue, meku me` lnrpus ie`mhduce be`ye darudeb samhlht saia`tere  partuidube` sadekhe` daser taroemh peme taph pnstarhnr reius, lnrn`nhmaus me` ln`mhcus ie`mhduce. Vartuidube` ia`mhduce taroemh ncab prnsas rainmacch`k tuce`k. Vartuidube` pe`oe`k`ye ulure` ie`mhduce taroemh lera`e eme`ye mapnshsh tuce`k mhpariulee` pnstarhnr (reius) ma`ke` pa`khide`ke` edsnrdsh peme pariulee` e`tarhnr. Bec h`h ia`yadedle` partuidube` ie`mhduce iaie`oe`k la dacele`k. Vartuidube` cader ie`mhduce taroemh lera`e eme`ye mapnshsh tuce`k peme  pariulee` cuer ie`mhduce me` edsnrdsh peme pariulee` mecei. [eceupu` ia`mhduce iarupele` tuce`k uteie (sh`kac Dn`a), `eiu` ie`mhduce iarupele` sadueb slacatec u`ht ye`k iesh`k-iesh`k darbudu`ke` ma`ke` oerh`ke`-oerh`ke` becus mhsalhter ye`k mh sadut ma`ke` ju`gthn`ec ietrhgas. Ju`gthn`ec ietrhgas iarupele` pa`a`tu uteie partuidube` slacatec u`ht. 4.7 Jeltnr Xe`k Iaipa`kerubh ]uidub Laide`k Nrngre`huijeghec

]armepet dadarepe iatnma lcesjhlesh jeltnr, yehtu? Lceshjhlesh Zn` Chidnrkb< lceshjhlesh A`cnw me` Inyars< me` lceshjhlesh Knnsa me` Eppcatn`.. 5.  Lceshjhlesh Zn` Chidnrkb Dadarepe jeltnr peme lceshjhlesh Zn` Chidnrk h`h, e`tere ceh` ka`athl h`trh`shl, ka`athl cnlec, aphka`athl uiui, ch`klu`ke` cnlec, me` ch`klu`ke` uiui

 

 

4.  Lceshjhlesh A`cnw me` Inyars Ia`urut A`cnw me` Inyars tarmepet chie jeltnr ye`k ia`kn`trnc  partuidube` lre`hnjeshec, yehtu? `eturec (eceiheb), ka`athl< ju`ksh<  partuidube` tudub< me` `autrnpbhsi. `autrnpbhsi. ]armepet puce cĬie jeltnr ye`k ia`kbeidet par tuidube` tuidube` e`tere ceh`? keye nrtnmn`thl< dameb, iec`utrhsh< iecju`ksh me` e`niech lre`hnjeshec. 7.  Lceshjhlesh Knnsa me` Eppcatn` Ia`urut Knnsa me` Eppcatn` ye`k ia`kn`trnc partuidube` lre`hnjeshec emedadarepe jeltnr, yehtu? A`mnlrh`< dewee` ye`k darshjet iucthjeltnrhec<  pardamee` res< `utrhsh< pa`yelht< jhltnr snshn-aln`nih< me` tra` salucar. ]armepet dadarepe jegtnr ye`k iaipa`kerubh tuidub laide`k nrngre`huijeghec yehtu ? 5.  Jeltnr Ka`athl 4.  Jeltnr ch`klu`ke`

-  Khzh hdu seet beihc

Khzh durul ye`k mheceih hdu mepet ia`yadedle` beidete`

 partuidube` ntel oe`h`, e`aihe peme deyh deru cebhr, sarte h`jalsh  peme deyh

-  Iale`hs ]reuie me` gehre` latude` ye`k lure`k mepet ia`yadedle` laceh`e` dewee` peme deyh ye`k mhcebhrle`.

-  ]nlsh` / zet lhihe Iese nrke`nka`ashs emeceb iese ye`k se`ket pale tarbemep zet  ‗   zet taretnka` ihsec`ye ndet ‗  ndet ‗  ndete`.  ndete`.

 

 

-  A`mnlrh` Geget dewee` sarh`k taroemh peme hdu pa`marhte mhedatas

-  Temhesh Temhesh peme hdu beihc 3 52 ih`kku mepet ia`yadedle` laiethe` eteu lagegete` oe`h`.

-  H`jalsh -  Wtrass peme hdu beihc 4.= Vetbnka`ashs Gaceb Dhdhr me` Gaceb Vecetui

Dhese`ye, suidh`k dhdhr me` pecetui mhsarteh laceh`e` dewee` ceh`, ihsec Bamrnsajecus (pa`h`kkhe` tale`e` h`tre-lre`hec) , sh`melthche (oerh-oerh sech`k iacalet) eteu pnchmelthche (oerh-oerh darcadhb). Wuidh`k dhdhr mepet taroemh dhcetarec peme rakhn h`shshj cetarec me` le`h`us. Cadhb sarh`k taroemh u`hcetarec, shsh lhrh cadhb sarh`k merh shsh le`e`.Va`yaded suidh`k dhdhr me` pecetui thmle mhlatebuh ma`ke` pesth. Wadekhe` daser lesus suidh`k dhdhr eteu suidh`k pecetui eteu lamue`ye mepet mhoacesle` ma`ke` bhpntashs iucthjeltnr. ]anrh iucthjeltnr ye`k mhturu`le` ia`yetele` debwe ka`ka` ye`k darhshln darh`tarelsh setu ma`ke` ceh``ye me` ma`ke` ch`klu`ke`, ia`yadedle` geget peme parlaide`ke` oe`h`. Wuidh`k dhdhr me` pecetui iarupele` lakekece` darsetu`ye oerh`ke` saceie parlaide`ke`. Ke`kkue` pnce `nriec partuidube` iule mecei da`tul majhsha`sh prnsasus iule iarupele` pa`yaded lasecebe` parlaide`ke` dhdhr me`  pecetui. Wadekhe` daser ebch aidrhncnkh pargeye debwe majhsha`sh oerh`ke` oe rh`ke` taroemh  peme saiue majnrihtes suidh`k sabh`kke strultur e`etnih `nriec `nriec thmel tarda`tul Vaida`tule` dhdhr etes me` deweb Waceie ih`kku la = dhdhr etes tarda`tul lathle sathep prnsasus ielshcerhs ia`yetu ma`ke` sathep prnsasus `esec iamhec mh lamue shsh stnr`nmaui lera`e  partuidube` iasa`lhi ye`k iaidetesh. iaidetesh.

 

 

Lakekece` pa`yetue` prnsasus ielshce ma`ke` prnsasus `emecus iamhec mepet ia`yadedle` dhdhr suidh`k (gaceb dhdhr)

ma`ke` dardekeh th`klet

larusele` me` lagegete`. Ke`kkue` h`h iu`klh` turu` taiuru` eteu tarleht ma`ke` jeltnr ch`klu`ke`. Dhdhr suidh`k ma`ke` eteu te`pe gaceb ce`kht-ce`kut taroemh peme salhter 5 merh 5666 lesus, gaceb taroemh elhdet lakekece` iasa`lhi tuidub mh deweb altnmari u`tul ia`kbhce`kle` ecur mh e`tere prnsas-prnsas h`h eteu thmel eme`ye iasa`lhi mh meareb tarsadut. Gaceb h`h mepet tarcatel mh setu shsh/lamue shsh dhdhr etes, iu`klh` u`hcetarec eteu dhcetarec me` mepet darverhesh merh calule` mhpardetese` vaihchn` dhdhr etes (suidh`k thmel ca`klep) bh`kke lesus ye`k cadhb  pereb (suidh`k ca`klep) ye`k iacues me` iacecuh prnsasus ecvancer etes.

Weet ushe labeihce` ia`gepeh : ih`kku, dhdhr etes me` ce`kht-ce`kht rn`kke iucut deyh mecei le`mu`ke` ele` iuceh tarda`tul merh oerh`ke` ye`k  dareme mh lamue shsh merh chmeb me` darsetu mh ta`keb-ta`keb. Epedhce oerh`ke` oerh`ke` h`h kekec darsetu iele ele` tarda`tul gaceb peme dhdhr etes eteu ce`khtce`kht rn`kke iucut (E`kkere`h, 4657). Gaceb h`h taroemh e`tere ih`kku laa`ei me` lasapucub peme iese aidrhn. Waceie ih`kku laa`ei me` latuoub, prnsassus ielshcerhs merh ca`klu`k dre`lhec  parteie tuidub la mape` me` darsetu ma`ke` prnsasus `esechs-cetarechs `esechs-ceta rechs cecu  darce`out darsetu ma`ke` prnsassus `esechs iamhechs iamh echs iaida`tul dhdhr dekhe` etes, meser bhmu`k, me` pecetui prhiar. Waiue strultur h`h darlaide`k gapet, chmeb iaidaser me` darmhjara`shesh tuidub varthlec ia`khsh levui stninmaechs  prhihthvui. Veme ih`kku lamacepe` seipeh lasaidhce`, tuce`k pecetui iacues la iamhec u`tul darln`tel peme ihmch`a ia`kbudu`kle` e`tarhnr la pnstarhnr iaida`tul tuce`k pecetui ye`k iaihseble` bhmu`k me` rn`kke iucut. Varlaide`ke` ye`k thmel saoece` me` lakekece` prnchjaresh merh iasnmari u`tul iaida`tul oerh`ke` hlet pa`kbudu`k ye`k iach`tesh kerhs jush mhsadutle`

 

 

sadekeh

seceb

setu

saded

merh

dariegei-iegei

prnsas

aidrhn

mecei

 paida`tule` gaceb. ]hmel

tarda`tul`ye lnipn`a`-lnipn`a`

iasnmari

ia`yadedle`

lnipn`a`- lnipn`a` dhdhr ele` tarphseb, same`kle` shse oerh`ke` aphtac ye`k  dacui mhtaidus ncab iasnmari me` tarth`kkec ele` iaida`tul dadarepe gaceb  peme dhdhr me` taph ecvan cus. 4.1 Meipel merh Gaceb Dhdhr me` Gaceb Vecetui

Ieseceb khkh peme dhdhr suidh`k me` ce`kht-ce`kht iucut Dardekeh ln`mhsh khkh ye`k thmel `nriec iachputh? 5.  Khkh `etec me` `an`etus? Labemhre` khkh `an`etec teipel`ye thmel iaipa`kerubh khkh sucu`k eteu khkh sucu`k peme gaceb. Wadekhe` daser khkh `etec mh e`tere gaceb emeceb tarcatel mh ierkh` cetarec praiexhccery me` iexhccery sakia` thmel saparth peme `an`etus `n`-gaceb. 4.  Ihlrnmn`she Khkh laghc (ihgrnmn`ts) sarh`k mhtaiule` ma`ke` GC/V. H`h dhese`ye cadhb sarh`k taroemh peme lesus mh ie`e khkh sarh cetarec thmel bhce`k. 7.  ]eurnmn`thsia ]eurnmn`thsia taceb mhcepnrle` tarleht ma`ke` sh`mrni me` ke`kkue`  parlaide`ke` khkh . =.  Arupsh altnphl Gaceb ouke darln`trhdush peme arupsh altnphl cetarec prhiar khkh h`shshvus ye`k mepet arupsh sagere pecetec darmalete` eteu mh mecei shsh suidh`k saia`tere le`h`us parie`a` mh shsh gaceb ecvancer iu`klh` iacatus sagere pecetec. Arupsh khkh sarh parie`a` ye`k tartu`me iu`klh`tarchbet. 1.  Bhpnpceshe aiehc Bhpnpceshe aiehc mhtaiule` cadhb sarh`k taroemh peme Wudyal GC/V mhde`mh`kle` ma`ke` pnpucesh `n`-gcajt, taruteie iachdetle` khkh sarh ta`keb rebe`k etes . :.  Latarceidete` paiete`ke` khkh

 

 

Dadarepe

jeltnr

partuidube`

se`ket

pa`th`k

saceie

parlaide`ke`

lre`hnjeshec, me` jeltnr-jeltnr h`h iu`klh` mhalsprashle` sagere darcadhbe` eteu mhalsprashle` lathle geget suidh`k taroemh. ia`yhipe`k h`h alsprash mepet iainmhjhlesh nmn`tnka`ashs me` ia`yadedle` laceh`e` merh ceih`e khkh. Ln`mhsh tarleht ceh``ye 5.  Lasuchte` dardhgere Lera`e mhsju`ksh i. ntnt cavetnr vach peceth`h jn`esh tarpa`kerub. Varceidete` du`yh ln`sn`e` (p, d, t, m, l, k) emeceb taiue` ye`k pech`k uiui. Tasn`e`sh bhmu`k ed`nriec me` lasuchte` mecei erthlucesh emeceb ghrh lbes ceh` mecei lade`yele` h`mhvhmu ma`ke` gaceb dhdhr me` ce`kht-ce`kht iucut. 4.  H`jalsh tach`ke? Lera`e ju`ksh i ye`k thmel tapet. ntnt ta`snr vach peceth`h, ye`k iaidule tedu`k Austegbhus, nthths iamhe mheieth mh pesha` h`h. Mecei lesus mh ie`e h`jalsh sarh`k taroemh, beshc ye`k mepet ia`yadedle` ke`kkue` pa`ma`kere` mepet taroemh. @eiu`, ia`h`klet teoei lathle eme sudiulnse tarleht ce`khtce`kht iucut suidh`k. 7.  Ieseceb iele`? Wanre`k e`el ma`ke` ce`kht-ce`kht iucut suidh`k mepet ia`keceih lasuchte` ia`khsep iacecuh puth`k dhese lera`e gaceb mh ce`kht-ce`kht iucut. Deyh Laieipue` ia`kbhsep darbudu`ke` ma`ke` mue jeltnr? laieipue` merh cuer dhdhr u`tul iacelule` karele` ia`khsep ye`k mhparcule` me` laieipue` ce`kht-ce`kht u`tul iaiu`klh`le` pa`uipule` ye`k mhparcule` tale`e` mh mecei iucut sabh`kke debe` iele`e` mepet mhmnrn`k iesul la mecei iucut. Wadekhe` daser deyh iaidutuble` puth`k ye`k mhparsn`echsesh eteu lbusus u`tul da`er iaidarh iele`. Iu`klh` parcu dadarepe berh dekh  deyh me` nre`k tue u`tul ia`yasuehle` ia`kku`ele` puth`k sadacui puce`k. Lade`yele` deyh daceoer u`tul iaidarh iele` sagere `nriec ma`ke` puth`k ce`kht-ce`kht iucut suidh`k. Gaceb dhdhr me` eteu pecetui iarupele` da`tul laceh`e` dewee` ye`k taroemh

 

 

lera`e eme`ye ke`kkue` saceie paida`tule`, partuidube` me` parlaide`ke` weoeb peme iese aidrhn`hl. Gaceb h`h mepet taroemh darseiee` eteupu` tarphseb, me` taroemh darverhesh. Dardekeh ieseceb ye`k ia`yarteh gaceb dhdhr me` ce`khtce `kht- ce`kht, mhe`tere`ye? 5.  Nre`k tue iarese iecu, gaies, stras tarbemep laemee` e`el`ye, me` lbewethr ia`ka`eh e`el darhlut`ye. 4.  Veme iese parlaide`ke` deyh sace`out`ye iu`klh` ele` ia`keceih ke`kkue` nrke` dhgere eteu larusele` strultur nrke` dhgere sabh`kke thmel eteu lure`k darju`ksh. Wace`out`ye, sh e`el ia`yemerh debwe mhrh`ye iaipu`yeh laceh`e` mh weoeb me` suere ye`k suler mhia`karth nre`k. 7.  E`el ia`oemh lure`k pargeye mhrh me` iaidetesh parkeuce`, taruteie  dekh ye`k sumeb iuceh salnceb leceu thmel mhcelule` dameb raln`strulsh gaceb dhdhr me` ce`kht-ce`kht. =.  Veme uiui`ye, deyh ma`ke` gaceb dhdhr me` ce`kht-ce`kht ele` sucht ia`kln`suish iele`e` ye`k mhewech ma`ke` lasuchte` ia`yusuh peme hdu`ye (lera`e sarh`k tuipeb eteu iesul bhmu`k). 1.  Wechve me` eteu susu iesul la rn`kke bhmu`k taroemh lera`e gaceb mecei ce`kht-ce`kht sabh`kke deyh iumeb tarsamel me` ia`keceih ke`kkue` lathle dar`ejes. Bec h`h mepet ia`yadedle` h`jalsh peme secure`  par`ejese`. :.  Eme`ye eka`ashs khkh h`shshvus cetarec etes me` praincer lamue etes.  @eiu` epedhce thmel taroemh eka`ashs, iele laiu`klh`e` taroemh  parudebe` da`tul me` ulure` khkh h`shshvus cetarec etes sarte ke`kkue`  partuidube` me` parlaide`ke` rebe`k sarte arupsh khkh. ;.  Varlaide`ke` eler khkh kachkh tarceidet sagere shk`hjhle`, taruteie peme shsh ye`k dargaceb me` khkh h`shshvus cetarec emeceb ye`k pech`k ceidet  parlaide`ke``ye.

 

 

DED 7 VA@Q]QV

7.5 Lashipuce`

Varlaide`ke` pre`etec emeceb parlaide`ke` ewec merh ie`ushe. Mhiuceh merh paiduebe` ye`k taroemh merh partaiue` sac sparie ma`ke` sac tacur. Wac tacur ye`k taceb iete`k mhduebh ncab sac sparie ye`k iete`k ye`k elbhr`ye ele` ia`oemh sac-sac deru me` iaida`tul zhknt. Vartuidube` tuce`k lre`hnjeshec  pnst`etec mhie`e pnce rainmach`k weoeb ye`k se`ket tarprnkrei, sacalthj, me` spashjhl. [eoeb deyh beiphr ducet, pe`oe`k me` cader`ye beiphr seie, me` reshn lre`hui ? weoeb emeceb salhter 5?2. Wahrh`k darteideb`ye ushe, pa`h`klete` peme  pe`oe`k weoeb cadhb de`yel merh mhia`sh ceh``ye (cader me` lameceie`) ye`k teipel peme rete-rete h`mhvhmu, th`kkh weoeb mue lech chpet merh ye`k sadacui`ye  peme parhnma sakare pnst`etec. Dadarepe jegtnr ye`k iaipa`kerubh iaipa`kerubh tuidub laide`k laide`k nrngre`huijeghec yehtu ? jeltnr ka`athl me` jeltnr ch`klu`ke`. ch `klu`ke`. Gaceb dhdhr me` eteu pecetui iarupele` da`tul laceh`e` dewee` ye`k taroemh lera`e eme`ye ke`kkue` saceie paida`tule`, partuidube` me` parlaide`ke` weoeb peme iese aidrhn`hl. Gaceb h`h mepet taroemh darseiee` eteupu` tarphseb, me` taroemh darverhesh. Wanre`k e`el ma`ke` ce`kht-ce`kht iucut suidh`k mepet ia`keceih lasuchte` ia`khsep iacecuh puth`k dhese lera`e gaceb mh ce`kht-ce`kht iucut me` lasuchte` dardhgere.

 

 

MEJ]ET VQW]ELE

5.  ].[ Wemcar. CE@KIE@ Aidrhncnkh Lamnltare` Amhsh 54. [nctars Lcuwar baectb. 4654.Bec. 577-571 4.  Vrhiesurh E. Aidrhncnkh me` ]uidub Laide`k Tn`kke Iucut. Iame`. Qsu Vrass?4652. 7.  Detbdecnjb, Ierjertb W. Jabra`degb. Hcustretam dy pet tbnies. 7rm am 4655 =.  Kusth H E,[. Meser Vartuidube` Lre`hnjeshec Wataceb Lacebhre`. Lre`hnjeshec Warhas 5. 4645. Bec 41-4: 1.  Wurye`merh Ale E. Budu`ke` E`tere Qiur Hdu Ma`ke` Lceshjhlesh Cedhnsgbhshs Mh TWQM Vrnj.Mr.Ierkn`n Wnalero Vurwnlartn. Znc.5 @n.5. 4658 :.  Eprhche [ebyu. Varlaide`ke` Veme Iese Vre`etec me` Lacebhre`. Znc.=  @n. 5. Iah 4646 ;.  Zyes ]eru`, mll. –Gcajt nj Chp e`m Veceta? E ravhaw’.Onur`ec nj Jeihcy Iamhgh`a e`m Vrhiery Gera. Znc 8 @n :. Ou`h 4646 2.  Mrk Oe`th Wumhn`n. "AIDTHNCNKH ME@ ]QIDQB LAIDE@K MA@]NLTHNJEGHEC"? MA@]NLTHNJEGHEC "? pa`ardht dulu lamnltare`, AKG. 4668. Bec-: