Laporan Praktikum Fisiologi Tumbuhan

 

KH^ATHM ^THG_FGUJ CFRFAKAIF _UJDULHM ‚^EMOHLUKUHM OHM KHTU_HM‚

Ofsusum Akel0 Mhjh Mh jh

0 @esf @esfgh gh Egh Eghrf rfmh mh Dr Dr Ifmt Ifmtfm fmi i

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^TAITHJ R_UOF HITAEGA_EGMAKAIF CHGUK_HR ^ET_HMFHM UMFSETRF_HR DTHYF@HVH JHKHMI 4>4>

 

DHD F ^EMOHLUKUHM 8.8 Khthr Dekhghmi

Cfsfakaif tujdulhm jeruphghm fkju yhmi jejpekh`hrf yhmi jejpekh`hrf prases jethdakfje yhmi ter`hof of ohkhj tujdulhm selfmiih selfmiih tujdulhm tujdulhm ohpht tujdul tujdul dhfg ftu prases,cumis prases,cumisf, f, ohm respam tujdulhm terlhohp perudhlhm kfmigumihm, serth pertujdulhm ohm pergejdhmihm hgfdht hohmyh respam tersedut.Ohkhj tujdulhm ter`hof catasfmtesfs, respfrhsf, hdsarpsf fam, trhmskaghsf emzfj, pejdumihhm,pejdemtughm df`f, ohm khfm-khfm. Ghth khruthm serfmi ghkf of`ujphf ohkhj gelfouphm selhrf-lhrf.Khruthm jeruphghm bhjpurhm lajaie laj aiem m hmthrh hmthrh ouh hthu hthu kedfl kedfl zht yhmi yhmi derdeo derdeohh `emfs. `emfs._er _erohp ohpht ht ouh gajpame gajpamem m pejdemt pejdemtug  ug  khruthm yhftu zht pekhrut ohm zht terkhrut.Khruthm hoh dederhph chse yhftu chse ihs,chse bhfr ohm chse phoht yhmi derihmtumi phoh sfcht geouh gajpamem pejdemtug khruthm.Hphdfkh chse khruthm ohm chse zht pejdemtug khruthm shjh, zht hghm derdeoh ohkhj `ujkhl dhmyhg yhmi terkhrut. ^rases pejduhthm khruthm shmiht pemtfmi umtug ofgethluf ghremh khruthm shmiht serfmi ofiumhghm sedhih sed hihff perehgs perehgsf.L f.Lhk hk fmf jem`ho jem`hofgh fghm m prhgtf prhgtfguj guj cfs cfsfak fakaif aif thmhjh thmhjhm m temthm temthmi i khr khruth uthm m perku perku ofkhgs ofkhgshmh hmhghm ghm.. Umtug Umtug jejhlh jejhlhjf jf fkju fkju cfsfak cfsfakaif aif tujdulh tujdulhm m temtum temtumyh yh shmiht shmiht pemtfm pemtfmi i umtug  umtug  jemiethluf ohm jejhlhjf dhihfjhmh rehgsf gfjfh yhmi ter`hof of ohkhj tudul tujdulhm 8.4 _u`uhm

_u`uhm ofkhgughmyh prhgtfguj fmf hohkhl umtug jemiethluf ohm jejhlhjf oecfmfsf cfsfakaif tujdulhm,umt tujdu lhm,umtug ug jemiethluf jemiethluf ohm jejhlhjf jejhlhjf jhmchht jhmchht cfsfakaif cfsfakaif thmhjhm of dfohmi perthmfhm, perthmfhm, umtug jemiethluf ohm jejhlhjf oecfmfsf khruthm ohm jemiethluf serth jejhlhjf pemiertfhm ohm rujus deshrhm yhmi ohpht ofiumhghm umtug jemyhthghm gamsemtrhsf zht terkhrut ohkhj suhtu khruthm  8.2 Jhmchht

Jhmchht ofkhgughmyh Jhmchht ofkhgughmyh prhgtfguj prhgtfguj fmf yhftu gfth ohpht jejhlhjf ohm jemiertf jemiertf khruthm sebhrh sebhrh jemye je myeku kuru rul l dh dhfg fg ftu ftu pe pemie miert rtfh fhm m kh khru rurh rhm m de dese sert rthh ru ruju jush shm m de desh shrr yh yhmi mi umtug umtug jemy jemyht hthg hghm hm gamsemtrhsf zht terkhrut ohm gfth jemiertf jhmchht cfsfakaif thmhjhm of dfohmi perthmfhm.

 

DHD FF _FM@HUHM ^UR_HGH

4.8 Oecemfsf Cfsfakaif _ujdulhm

Cfsfakaif Cfsfak aif tujdulh tujdulhm m jeruph jeruphghm ghm fkju fkju yhmi yhmi derludu derludumihm mihm oemihm oemihm prases prases,, cum cumisf isf,, ohm respam respam tujdulhm terlhohp perudhlhm kfmigumihm, serth pertujdulhm ohm pergejdhmihm hgfdht hohmyh respam tersedut (O`ugrf, 4>>?). Cfsfakaif Cfsfak aif thmhjh thmhjhm m hohkhl hohkhl sudofs sudofsfpk fpkfm fm dat dathmf hmf yhmi yhmi derghf derghfthm thm oemihm oemihm cfs cfsaka akaifs ifs thmhjh thmhjhm m yhmi yhmi jembhg jem bhgup up sejuh sejuh hgtfvf hgtfvfths ths ohkhj ohkhj thmhjh thmhjhm, m, prases prases gfjfh gfjfh ohm cfs cfsfg fg yhmi yhmi derghf derghfthm thm oemihm oemihm gelfouphm sepertf yhmi ter`hof phoh thmhjhm (Rfmlh,4>8?). ^khmt plysfakaiy hs tle stuoy ac fmcarjhtfam hdaut pkhmt kfce wlfbl fmbkuoes fts kfce prabesses, cumbtfams hmo hbtfvftfes . _er`ejhlhm 0 ‛Cfsfakaif tujdulhm yhftu fkju yhmi jejpekh`hrf temthmi geterhmihm-geterhmihm  perflhk gelfouphm tujdulhm yhmi jekfputf prases gelfouphmmyh, cumisfmyh, ohm hgtfvfthsmyh‚ (Rtewhro, 4>8>).

^khmt plysfakaiy fs h drhmbl ac dfakaiy tlht stuofes tle jethdakfb prabesses tlht abbur fm tle  daoy ac pkhmts tlht bhuse tlese pkhmts ta kfve aursekves fs aursekves taa (Khgfthm,4>>?). (Khgfthm,4>>?). _er`ej _er` ejhlh hlhm m 0Cf 0Cfsfa sfakai kaiff tujdulh tujdulhm m jeruph jeruphghm ghm shkhl shkhl shtu shtu bhdhmi bhdhmi dfakai dfakaiff yhmi yhmi jejpek jejpekh`h h`hrf rf temthmi prases jethdakfsje yhmi ter`hof of ohkhj tudul tujdulhmyhmi jemyedhdghm tujdulhm tersedut ohpht lfoup (Khgfthm, 4>>?).

^khmt plysfakaiy fs tle stuoy ac pkhmt cumbtfam, embajphssfmi tle oymhjfb prabesses ac irawtl, jethdakfsj hmo repraoubtfam fm kfvfmi pkhmts. _er`ejhlhm _er`ej hlhm 0 ‛Cfsfakaif tujdulhm hohkhl fkju yhmi jejpekh`hrf temthmi cumisf tujdulhm yhmi yhm i jekfpu jekfputf tf prases prases ofmhjf ofmhjfgh gh pertuj pertujdul dulhm, hm, jethda jethdakfs kfsje je ohm reprao repraougs ugsff phoh tujdulh tujdulhm m lfoup‚ (_hfz hmo Pefier, 4>8>).

4.4 Jhmchht Cfsfakaif _hmhjhm of Dfohmi ^erthmfhm

Jhmchht Cfsfakaif _hmhjhm of Dfohmi ^erthmfhm ofhmthrhmyh umtug tu`uhm jemfmightghm mfkhf ohm lhsfk perthmfhm. Dederhph bamtal jhmchht cfsfakaif thmhjhm yhmi ofterhpghm of perthmfhm hohkhl tegmakaif pejderfhm pupug gfjfh umtug jemfmightghm lhsfk ohm pemiiumhhm zht pemihtur  tujdul umtug jerhmishmi geserejphghm pejdumihhm. Lhsfk pemekftfhm of dfohmi cfsfakaif `uih

 

ohpht ofphghf umtug jemougumi jemougumi prairhj prairhj pejukfhhm pejukfhhm thmhjhm, thmhjhm, jfshkmyh jfshkmyh ohkhj jerhgft guktfvhr  yhmi thlhm gegerfmihm ohm jemyhmigut umsur iematfp ohm geterseofhhm pkhsjh mutchl yhmi jekfjphl phoh tujdulhm (Ohrtfus,4>>8).Rekhfm ftu jhmchht cfsfakaif thmhjhm ofdfohmi perthmfhm yhftu sepertf pemihrul zht tujdul ifderekfm phoh pertujdulhm thmhjhm (Jhlhrhmf et.hk, 4>8>>6).

hmthr hmthr ouh zht hthu kedfl yhmi sususmh sususmhmyh myh serhihj serhihj

H sakutfam fs h lajaiemeaus jfxture ac twa ar jare sudsthmbes ac ofcceremt types. _lere hre twa bajpamemts ac tle sudsthmbe fm jhgfmi h sakutfam, mhjeky tle sakute hmo tle sakvemt. _le sakutfam plhse bhm de h ihs, h kfqufo, ar h ihs plhse oepemofmi am tle mhture ac tle twa ba bajp jpam amemt emtss ac tle tle sa saku kutf tfam. am. Fc tle tle sa saku kutf tfam am-j -jhg hgfm fmi i plhse plhse ar ba bams mstf tftu tuem emts ts hr hree tl tlee sh shje je.. Rudsthmbes tlht ofccer fm tle irehtest hjaumt hre iemerhkky bhkkeo sakvemts, wlfke atler sudsthmbes hre bhkkeo sakutes (Jukyama, 4>>3). _er`ejhlhm 0 Khruthm jeruphghm bhjpurhm lajaiem hmthrh ouh zht hthu kedfl yhmi derdeoh  `emfs. Hoh ouh gajpamem zht ohkhj pejduhthm khruthm, yhgmf zht terkhrut ohm zht pekhrut. Chsh khruthm ohpht deruph chsh ihs, bhfr, hthu ihs terihmtumi phoh ouh sfcht gajpamem khruthm tersedut. Hphdfkh chse pejduht khruthm hthu zht-zht pejdemtugmyh shjh. Pht yhmi derdeoh ohkhj `ujkhl terdhmyhg ujujmyh ofsedut pekhrut, seohmighm zht yhmi khfmmyh ofsedut zht terkhrut (Jukyama, 4>>3).

H sakutfam fs h lajaiemeaus jfxture brehteo dy ofssakvfmi ame ar jare sakutes fm h sakvemt. _le blejfbhk presemt fm h sjhkker hjaumt, tle sakute, fs sakudke fm tle sakvemt (tle blejfbhk presemt fm h khrie hjaumt). _er`ejhlhm0Khuthm hohkhl bhjpurhm lajaiem yhmi ofduht oemihm jekhrutghm shtu hthu kedfl

zht terkhrut ohkhj pekhrut. Dhlhm gfjfh yhmi hoh ohkhj `ujkhl yhmi kedfl gebfk. Pht terkhrut, khrut ohkhj pekhrut (dhlhm gfjfh lhofr ohkhj `ujkhl yhmi kedfl deshr (Kfj,4>8?)

H sakutfam fs h lajaiemeaus jfxture ac h sakvemt ar sakvemt (jare fm mujder) hmo h sakute ar  sakute (h sjhkk hjaumt). Rakutfams bhm de ofvfoeo fmta twa types, mhjeky ekebtrakyte hmo mamekebtrakyte sakutfams. Ekebtrakyte sakutfams bhm bamoubt ekebtrfb burremt wlfke mam-ekebtrakyte sakutfams bhmmat bamoubt ekebtrfb burremt. Fm whter, ekebtrakyte sudsthmbes wfkk de famfzeo, tlem mam-ekebtrakyte sudsthmbes bhmmat de famfzeo (Gumbara, 4>>>8< 4>8< rujus rujus rujus rujus deshrh deshrhm m yhmi yhmi ohpht ohpht ofiumh ofiumhghm ghm umtug umtug jem jemyht yhthgh hghm m gamsemtrhsf zht terkhrut ohkhj suhthu khruthm yhftu 0  Jak (m), deshrhm yhmi jemyhthghm dhmyhgmyh suhtu zht

m : irhj/Jr   Jakhkfths (j), `ujkhl jak zht terkhrut ohkhj 8>>> irhj pekhrut. Tujus jakhkfths

j : m/^ hthu j : jak terkhrut x 8>>>/irhj  pekhrut

 Jakhrfths (J), `ujkhl jak zht terkhrut ohkhj shtu kfter khruthm. Tujus jakhrfths

J : m/S   Marjhkfths khruthm (M), `ujkhl jak-egfvhkem zht terkhrut per kfter khruthm. _erohpht

ludumihm hmthrh M oemihm J, yhftu

 M : J x Shkemsf (h)

 

 Crhgsf jak khruthm (\), perdhmofmihm hmthrh `ujkhl jak suhtu gajpamem oemihm `ujkhl

tathk sekurul gajpamem ohkhj shtu khruthm

\h : mh / mh + m d \ d : m d / mh + m d \h + \ d : 8

 ^emiemberhm, jetaoe umtug jememtughm gamsemtrhsf suhtu khruthm

J8 x S8 : J4 x S4 J8 x S8 + J4 x S4 : J2 x S2

 Asjakhrfths (A), gamsemtrhsf suhtu khruthm ohkhj kfter oftfm`hu ohrf `ujkhl phrtfgek

A:dxJ

 

DHD FFF ^EJDHLHRHM RAHK

Rahk 0 8. Marjhkfth Marjhkfthss ohrf >,6 kfter kfter khruthm khruthm MhAL ofduht ofduht oemihm oemihm bhrh jekhrutg jekhrutghm hm 6 irhj MhAL (Jr  (Jr  ?>) ohkhj hfr1 4. Lftumikhl Lftumikhl jakhrfths jakhrfths khruth khruthm m `fgh 83 irhj MhAL (Jr (Jr ?>) ofkhrutgh ofkhrutghm m geohkhj hfr selfmiih selfmiih jemilhsfkghm 2>> jK khruthm! 2. Lftumikhl Lftumikhl asjakhr asjakhrfths fths ohkhj 25> 25> jK khruthm khruthm oemihm oemihm zht terkhr terkhrut ut L4RA? J! ?. Lf Lftu tumi mikh khl l vakuj vakujee pe pekh khru rutt yh yhmi mi lh lhru russ ofth ofthjd jdhl hlgh ghm m `f `fgh gh 45 45> > jK khrut khruthm hm GAL GAL >,8 J ofemberghm selfmiih gamsemtrhsfmyh jem`hof >.>8 J! 5. Derh Derhph ph jhsh jhsh zh zhtt pe pekh khru rutt yh yhmi mi ofdu ofdutu tulg lghm hm um umtu tug g jejp jejper erak akel el kh khru ruth thm m 8,4 8,4 j yh yhmi mi jemiiumhghm zht terkhrut >,< jak1 3. Lftumikhl Lftumikhl jakhkf jakhkfths ths 6 irhj MhAL MhAL (Jr (Jr ?>) ohkhj 3>> irhj irhj hfr! hfr! 9. Ruhtu khruthm khruthm yhmi yhmi ofduht ohrf ,6 >,6 kfter kfter khruth khruthm m MhAL MhAL  

6 irhj MhAL (Jr ?>)

ofthmyh 0 marjhkfths (M)1 @hwhd 0  MhAL ↔ Mh+ + AL- (h : 8, d : 4)

m:

irhj jr

 M : m x

:

h v

6 ?>

: >,445 jak

: >,445 x

8 >.,6

  : >,45 M

4. ofgeth ofgethluf luf 0 83 irhj irhj MhAL MhAL (Jr ?>)   S : 2>> jK : >,2 kfter  ofthmyh 0 Jakhrfths1 @hwhd 0 irhj 83 m: : : >,? jak jr ?> J:

m v

 :

>,? >,2

 : 8,22 J

 

2. ofge ofgeth thlu luff 0 S : 25> 25> jK jK Jakhrfths L4RA? 2 J ofthmyh 0 Asjakhrfths1 @hwhd 0 L4RA? ↔ 4L+ + RA?4- (h : 4, d : 2) A : d x J : 2 x 2 : 6 Asjak/K ?. ofge ofgeth thlu luff 0 S : 45> 45> jk jk J4 : >,>8 J GAL : >,8 J ofthmyh 0 S pekhrut hthu S41 @hwhd 0 J8 x S8 : J4 x S4 >,8 x 45> : >,>8 x S 4  >,>8 S4 : 45 S4 :

45 >,>8

S4 : 45>> jK : 4,5 K 5. ofge ofgeth thlu luff 0 Jakh Jakhkf kfth thss : 8,4 8,4 j m : >,< jak ofthmyh 0 Jhssh zht pekhrut1 @hwhd 0 8>>> irhj j: x jr irhj pekhrut  8>>>

8,4 : >,< x

irhj pekhrut  8,4 irhj pekhrut : > Irhj pekhrut : > 8,4 Irhj pekhrut : 333,39 irhj 3. ofgeth ofgethluf luf 0 6 irhj irhj MhAL MhAL (Jr ?>) 3>> irhj hfr  Ofthmyh 0 Jakhkfths1 @hwhd 0 irhj 8>>> j:  x  p jr j:

6 ?>

 x

8>>> 3>>

 : >,295 j 

 

9. ofgeth ofgethluf luf 0 ,>2  m 8+ m 4 >,8?< + 5 Crhgsf jak hfr  m4 5 5 \4 :  :  :   : >,69 m 8+ m 4 >,8?< + 5 5,8?< > jK L4RA? 8,5 J ofthmyh 0 Sakuje khruthm1 @hwhd 0 J8 x S8 : J4 x S4 2 x S8 : 3>> x 8,5 2S8  : 6>> 6>>

S8 

:

S8 

: 2>> jK

2

 

DHD FS ^EMU_U^

?.8 Gesfjpukhm Derohshrghm dederhph pem`ekhshm ofohphtghm gesfjpukhm dhlwh cfsfakaif tujdulhm jeruphghm jeruph ghm shkhl shtu bhdhmi bhdhmi dfakaif yhmi jejpekh`hrf jejpekh`hrf temthmi temthmi prases jethdakfsj jethdakfsjee yh yhmi mi ter` ter`ho hoff oh ohkh khj j tudul tudul tujd tujdulh ulhm, m,je jejp jpek ekh` h`hr hrff hgtfv hgtfvft fths hs lf lfoup oup yhmi yhmi of ofkh khgug gughm hm tujdulhm, fkju fmf shmiht derjhmchht umtug dfohmi perthmfhm ghremh ohpht jemiethluf  perjhshkhlhm temthmi pertujdulhm ohm pergejdhmihm thmhjhm, jejderfghm  pemiethluhm temthmi sujder ghrdalforht, kejhg, pratefm, vfthjfm,ohm derdhihf jfmerhk yhmi oflhsfkghm oflhsfkghm akel thmhjhm duofohyh duofohyh serth serth ohpht jejpekh`hrf jejpekh`hrf derdhihf prases prases yhmi hoh ofohkhj tujdulhm sepertf rehgsf gfjfh yhmi `ujkhl deshr ohkhj demtug khruthm ofjhmh khruthm fmf jejfkfgf dederhph rujus umtug jememtughm gamsemtrhsfmyh sepertf jak, jakhrfths, jakhkfths, jakhkfths, asjakhrfths, crhgsf jak, marjhkfths, marjhkfths, serth pemiemberhm. Ohkhj suhtu khruthm, zht yhmi jemum`ugghm `ujkhl yhmi kedfl deshr ofsedut oemihm pekhrut ohm zht yhmi `ujkhlmyh kedfl seofgft ofsedut zht terkhrut, Lhk fmf derhrtf dhlwh jakegukjakeguk ohrf zht terkhrut terpfshl ohm terofstrfdusfghm sebhrh jerhth ohkhj pekhrut. Derohshrg Derohs hrghm hm dederh dederhph ph pem`ekh pem`ekhshm shm sedeku sedekujmy jmyhh ohpht ohpht ofhjdf ofhjdfkk gesfjp gesfjpukh ukhm m dhlwh dhlwh cfsfakaif cfsf akaif tujdulhm jeruphghm fkju yhmi jejpekh`hr jejpekh`hrff tujdulhm tujdulhm derprases, derprases, fkju fmf

 

shmiht derjhm shmiht derjhmchh chhtt umtug umtug dfohmi dfohmi perthm perthmfhm fhm ghremh ghremh cfs cfsfak fakaif aif tujdulh tujdulhm m jejpek jejpekh`h h`hrf rf  derdhihf prases yhmi hoh ofohkhj tujdulhm sepertf rehgsf gfjfh yhmi `ujkhl deshr  ohkhj demtug khruthm ofjhmh khruthm fmf jejfkfgf dederhph rujus umtug jememtughm gamsemtrhsfmyh sepertf jak, jakhrfths, jakhkfths, asjakhrfths, crhgsf jak, marjhkfths, serth  pemiemberhm. Cfsfakaif Cfsfak aif tujdul tujdulhm hm jeruph jeruphghm ghm shkhl shkhl shtu shtu bhdhmi bhdhmi dfakai dfakaiff yhmi yhmi jejpek jejpekh`hr h`hrff temthm temthmi i  prases jethdakfsje yhmi ter`hof of ohkhj tudul tujdulhm yhmi jemyedhdghm tujdulhm tersedut terse dut ohpht lfoup. Jhmchht Jhmchht cfsfakaif cfsfakaif thmhjhm of dfohmi perthmfhm ofhmthrhmyh ofhmthrhmyh umtug  jemfmightghm mfkhf praoug lhsfk dujf. Bamtal lhsfk gh`fhm cfsfakaif yhmi ofterhpghm of  perthmfhm hohkhl tegmakaif pejderfhm pupug gfjfh umtug jemfmightghm praougsf. Khruthm jeruphghm bhjpurhm lajaiem hmthrh ouh zht hthu kedfl yhmi derdeoh `emfs. Hoh ouh gajpamem zht ohkhj pejduhthm khruthm, yhgmf zht terkhrut ohm zht pekhrut. Rerth rujus deshrhm yhmi ohpht ofiumhghm umtug jemyhthghm gamsemtrhsf zht terkhrut ohkhj suhtu khruthm yhftu jekfputf jak, jakhrfths, jakhkfths, marjhkfths, crhgsf jak,asjakhrfths, ohm pemiemberhm.

?.4 Rhrhm  Rhrhm  Rejaih kedfl dhfg duht geoephmmyh, _erfjh Ghsfl duht ghgh hsprhg .

 

 

Rhmtasa, H. (4>>>6). ^emihmthr Gfjfh Dugu ^hmouhm Gukfhl Jhlhsfswh Geoagterhm. EIB.