La Evolución de La Geografía en Panamá Según Los Diferentes Periodos

 

VBWØFOICK JB WKMKNË NIMISZBVI@ JB BJRCKCIÓM C@OBAI@ JKMIBO @CZK\I@ CVBSW@

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KÛ@8 TI¸-

676; IMZV@JRCCIÓM

 

Bm bst bstb b trk trkfkh fkh` ` imv imvbst bstiak iaktiv tiv` ` vbr vbrbn` bn`ss ok bv` bv`ouc oucióm ióm ab` ab`ark arklîk lîk jbo istn` b Wkm Wkmknë knë y o`s kc`mtbcinibmt`s qub oobvkr`m ko kvkmcb jb bstk, o`s pbrs`mkhbs qub imlouybr`m y ok ckrt`arklîk jb oks jilbrbmtbs btkpks. Bo c`m c`mhum humt` t` jb kct kctivi ivijkj jkjbs bs jbs jbskrr krr`oo `ookjk kjkss p`r bo d`n d`nfrb frb,, bm bo sbmtij sbmtij` ` jb sktisl sktislkcb kcbrr sus mbcbsijkjbs fësicks, dk sij` um` jb o`s primcipkobs lkct`rbs jb cknfi`s bm ok supbrlicib jb ok tibrrk jbsjb ok ép`ck Wkob`oîtick. Bm rbkoijkj, bst`s bstuji`s bm o`s jilbrbmtbs cknp`s jb oks cibmciks mkturkobs y dunkmks, bm jilbrbmtbs mivbobs y ép`cks, s`m sulicibmtbs pkrk mbakr bo c`mcbpt` jb um ërbk jbsc`m`cijk. Limkonbmtb, bo A`fibrm` jb ok Vbpøfoick jb Wkmknë, k trkvés jbo trkfkh` "Bstrktbaik pkrk bo jbskrr`oo` mkci`mko", y jb oks imvbrsi`mbs qub bstë rbkoizkmj` bm oks jilbrbmtbs rbai`mbs, jbo pkîs dkm crbkj` nkpks y o` dkm ij` kctukoizkmj`, sbaøm sb jé bo cks` jb o`s kc`mtbcinibmt`s ab`arëlic`s, c`n` ok crbkcióm jb mubvks Wr`vimciks, ciujkjbs y p`fokj`s.  

 

OK B\@ORCIÓM JB OK AB@AVKLÎK BM WKMKNË SBAØM O@S JILBVBMZBS WBVI@J@S Dkcb vbimtb nioo`mbs jb kû`s um `cékm` cufrîk ok z`mk bm Wkmknë jb d`y bm jîk bm bo arëlic` p`sifob bstkj` dkcb ;7 nioo`mbs jb kû`s. Dkfîk umk frbcdk bmtrb o`s c`mtimbmtbs jb Knérick jbo M`rtb y jbo Sur k trkvés jbo cuko oks kauks jb o`s `cékm`s Ktoëmtic` y Wkcîlic` louîkm oifrbnbmtb. Jbfkh` jb ok supbrlicib, j`s pokcks jb ok c`rtbzk tbrrbstrb lubr`m p`c` k p`c` cd`ckmj` cd`ck mj` bmtrb sî, `foia `foiakmj` kmj` k ok pokck jbo Wkcîl Wkcîlic` ic` k jbsoi jbsoizkrsb zkrsb obmtkn obmtknbmtb bmtb fkh` ok pokck jbo Ckrifb.

Istn` jb Wkmknë C`m bo surainibmt` jbo Istn` jb Wkmknë, bo pokmbtk bxpbrinbmtó cknfi`s rbsuotkmtbs jbo `rjbm numjiko kctuko. Jurkmtb trbs nioo`mbs jb kû`s, Wkmknë sb dk sbpkrkj` jb o`s `cékm`s y sb umió k j`s c`mtimbmtbs. Sb pr`n`vió bo imtbrcknfi` jb bspbcibs bmtrb oks Knéricks, o` qub pbrnitb qub ok lkumk knkzómick c`o`micb z`mks tkm ko m`rtb c`n` Néxic` y ok crbkcióm jb ok kfumjkmtb fi`jivbrsijkj tr`picko qub tbmbn`s d`y. Ok l`rnkcióm jbo istn` jb Wkmknë tknfiém jbsbnpbûó um inp`rtkmtb pkpbo bm ok fi`jivbrsijkj jbo Wokmbtk. Bo pubmtb diz` nës lëcio ok niarkcióm jb kminkobs y pokmtks, bmtrb o`s j`s c`mtimbmtbs (Knbrickm` y Bur`pb`). Bstb bvbmt` sb c`m`cb bm pkob`mt`o`aîk c`n` bo Arkm Imtbrcknfi` Knbrickm`. —Ko iauko qub bm oks Bjkj jbo Dibo`, bm nbji` jb oks arkmjbs dbokjks, o`s kminkobs sb vibr`m `foiakj`s k niarkr jbo sur dkcik bo m`rtb jb Knérick y jbo m`rtb dkcik bo sur. Nucd`s jb o`s arkmjbs kminkobs pkskr`m p`r Wkmknë’

 

Ok l`rnkcióm jbo istn` jb Wkmknë tknfiém jbsbnpbûó um inp`rtkmtb pkpbo bm ok fi`jivbrsijkj jbo Wokmbtk. Bo pubmtb diz` nës lëcio ok niarkcióm jb kminkobs y pokmtks, bmtrb o`s j`s c`mtimbmtbs (Knbrickm` y Bur`pb`). Bstb bvbmt` sb c`m`cb bm pkob`mt`o`aîk c`n` bo Arkm Imtbrcknfi` Knbrickm`. —Ko iauko qub bm oks Bjkj jbo Dibo`, bm nbji` jb oks arkmjbs dbokjks, o`s kminkobs sb vibr`m `foiakj`s k niarkr jbo sur dkcik bo m`rtb jb Knérick y jbo m`rtb dkcik bo sur. Nucd`s jb o`s arkmjbs kminkobs pkskr`m p`r Wkmknë’.

Wkmknë n`jbrm` Bm ok sbaumjk nitkj jbo siao` TT y primcipi`s jbo siao` TTI, nucd`s pr`lbs`rbs jb ab`arklîk sb jbsbnpbûkr` jbsbn pbûkr`m m fibm bm ok bmsbûkmzk bmsbûkmzk.. O`s bjuck bjuckj`rbs j`rbs jb sbcum sbcumjkrik jkrik qub dkm kp`rtkj` oifr`s jb okrak jurkcióm ko sistbnk bjucktiv` s`m Siovik jb kovit, Kquioim` Kr`sbnbmk y Kfbokrj`  Kc`stk. Kfbokrj` Kc`stk, Nkajk Wkrbjbs jb Kribttk (qbpj), H`sé Numivb (H`sé Numivb) Numivb) y M`ris C`rrbk jb Skmhur (M`ris C`rrbk jb Skmhur). Sim bnfkra`, bo jbskrr`oo` jb ok bmsbûkmzk jb ok ab`arklîk bm bo sistbnk c`mvbmci`mko pkmknb pkm knbû` û` dk sij sij` ` c`` c``pbr pbrkj` kj` p`r `tr `tr`s `s pbr pbrs`m s`mkhb khbss ioustr ioustrbs, bs, c`n c`n` ` Myj Myjik ik Ckr Ckrj`z j`zb, b, quibm quibm inpuosó curs`s jb l`rnkcióm pkrk abóarkl`s bm Wkmknë ` bm bo bxtrkmhbr`, y tknfiém frimjó oifr`s y nktbrikobs jivbrs`s pkrk ok bmsbûkmzk jb ok ab`arklîk.

 

Wrinbrk Btkpk ;973 – ;93; Oks fksbs jb umk Ab`arklîk pkmknbûk m` sb sbmtkr`m sim` ko kvkmzkr bo siao` TIT, arkciks k ok c`mvbrabmcik jb lkct`rbs o`ckobs, c`mtimbmtkobs b numjikobs. Bo mkcinibmt` jblimitiv` jb ok Vbpøfoick bm ;973 y bo bstkfobcinibmt` jb sus imstituci`mbs n`jbrmks jibr`m ouakr ko jbskrr`oo` jb umk Ab`arklîk cibmtîlick bm bo pkîs bm bo trkmscurs` jb o`s øotin`s cibm kû`s. C`m ok pr`coknkcióm jb ok Vbpøfoick jb Wkmknë bm ;973, bo pkîs lub `rakmizkj` bm pr`vimciks, y bstk k su vbz jivijijks bm numicipi`s ko tbm`r jb o` jispubst` bm ok C`mstitucióm pkmknbûk jb ;97:. Vbspbct` k ok crbkcióm jb rbaînbmbs bspbcikobs sb bstkfobció p`r prinbrk vbz bm bo kct` obaisoktiv` jb ;964, qub n`jilickmj` bo krtîcuo` : jb ok c`mstitucióm pkmknbûk jb ;97:, jbcokrkfk ok p`sifioijkj jb crbkr c`nkrcks c`m tbrrit`ri`s sbarbakj`s jb oks pr`vimciks yk bxistbmtbs. Jbsjb bo ; jb bmbr` jb 67;:, ok jivisióm p`oîtic`-kjnimistrktivk jb ok Vbpøfoick jb Wkmknë c`nprbmjb ;7 pr`vimciks,9 14 jistrit`s (` numicipi`s), 2 c`nkrcks imjîabmks (3 jb books k mivbo pr`vimciko) y